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Benucci S, Ruiz A, Franchini M, Ruggiero L, Zoppi D, Sitsapesan R, Lindsay C, Pelczar P, Pietrangelo L, Protasi F, Treves S, Zorzato F. A novel, patient-derived RyR1 mutation impairs muscle function and calcium homeostasis in mice. J Gen Physiol 2024; 156:e202313486. [PMID: 38445312 PMCID: PMC10911087 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
RYR1 is the most commonly mutated gene associated with congenital myopathies, a group of early-onset neuromuscular conditions of variable severity. The functional effects of a number of dominant RYR1 mutations have been established; however, for recessive mutations, these effects may depend on multiple factors, such as the formation of a hypomorphic allele, or on whether they are homozygous or compound heterozygous. Here, we functionally characterize a new transgenic mouse model knocked-in for mutations identified in a severely affected child born preterm and presenting limited limb movement. The child carried the homozygous c.14928C>G RYR1 mutation, resulting in the p.F4976L substitution. In vivo and ex vivo assays revealed that homozygous mice fatigued sooner and their muscles generated significantly less force compared with their WT or heterozygous littermates. Electron microscopy, biochemical, and physiological analyses showed that muscles from RyR1 p.F4976L homozygous mice have the following properties: (1) contain fewer calcium release units and show areas of myofibrillar degeneration, (2) contain less RyR1 protein, (3) fibers show smaller electrically evoked calcium transients, and (4) their SR has smaller calcium stores. In addition, single-channel recordings indicate that RyR1 p.F4976L exhibits higher Po in the presence of 100 μM [Ca2+]. Our mouse model partly recapitulates the clinical picture of the homozygous human patient and provides significant insight into the functional impact of this mutation. These results will help understand the pathology of patients with similar RYR1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Benucci
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexis Ruiz
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martina Franchini
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Ruggiero
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Dario Zoppi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Chris Lindsay
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pawel Pelczar
- Center for Transgenic Models, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences and CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- DMSI, Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences and CAST, Center for Advanced Studies and Technology, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Susan Treves
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Zorzato
- Departments of Biomedicine and Neurology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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2
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del Carlo RE, Reimche JS, Moniz HA, Hague MT, Agarwal SR, Brodie ED, Brodie ED, Leblanc N, Feldman CR. Coevolution with toxic prey produces functional trade-offs in sodium channels of predatory snakes. bioRxiv 2023:2023.12.08.570760. [PMID: 38106015 PMCID: PMC10723449 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.08.570760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Seemingly unrelated traits often share the same underlying molecular mechanisms, potentially generating a pleiotropic relationship whereby selection shaping one trait can simultaneously compromise another. While such functional trade-offs are expected to influence evolutionary outcomes, their actual relevance in nature is masked by obscure links between genotype, phenotype, and fitness. Here, we describe functional trade-offs that likely govern a key adaptation and coevolutionary dynamics in a predator-prey system. Several garter snake (Thamnophis spp.) populations have evolved resistance to tetrodotoxin (TTX), a potent chemical defense in their prey, toxic newts (Taricha spp.). Snakes achieve TTX resistance through mutations occurring at toxin-binding sites in the pore of snake skeletal muscle voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV1.4). We hypothesized that these mutations impair basic NaV functions, producing molecular trade-offs that should ultimately scale up to compromised organismal performance. We investigate biophysical costs in two snake species with unique and independently evolved mutations that confer TTX resistance. We show electrophysiological evidence that skeletal muscle sodium channels encoded by toxin-resistant alleles are functionally compromised. Furthermore, skeletal muscles from snakes with resistance genotypes exhibit reduced mechanical performance. Lastly, modeling the molecular stability of these sodium channel variants partially explains the electrophysiological and muscle impairments. Ultimately, adaptive genetic changes favoring toxin resistance appear to negatively impact sodium channel function, skeletal muscle strength, and organismal performance. These functional trade-offs at the cellular and organ levels appear to underpin locomotor deficits observed in resistant snakes and may explain variation in the population-level success of toxin-resistant alleles across the landscape, ultimately shaping the trajectory of snake-newt coevolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E. del Carlo
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Reno, Nevada, USA, 89557
- University of Nevada, Reno Program in Cell & Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology
| | - Jessica S. Reimche
- University of Nevada, Reno, Department of Biology, Reno, Nevada, USA, 89557
- University of Nevada, Reno Program in Ecology, Evolution & Conservation Biology
| | - Haley A. Moniz
- University of Nevada, Reno, Department of Biology, Reno, Nevada, USA, 89557
- University of Nevada, Reno Program in Ecology, Evolution & Conservation Biology
| | - Michael T.J. Hague
- University of Virginia, Department of Biology, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA, 22904
| | - Shailesh R. Agarwal
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Reno, Nevada, USA, 89557
| | - Edmund D. Brodie
- University of Virginia, Department of Biology, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA, 22904
| | - Edmund D. Brodie
- Utah State University, Department of Biology, Logan, Utah, USA, 84322
| | - Normand Leblanc
- University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Reno, Nevada, USA, 89557
| | - Chris R. Feldman
- University of Nevada, Reno, Department of Biology, Reno, Nevada, USA, 89557
- University of Nevada, Reno Program in Ecology, Evolution & Conservation Biology
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3
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Chase PB, Coons AN. Ryanodine receptor-associated myopathies: What's myosin got to do with it? Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2023; 239:e14058. [PMID: 37902162 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Bryant Chase
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Arianna N Coons
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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4
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de Carvalho Neves J, Moschovaki-Filippidou F, Böhm J, Laporte J. DNM2 levels normalization improves muscle phenotypes of a novel mouse model for moderate centronuclear myopathy. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2023; 33:321-334. [PMID: 37547294 PMCID: PMC10400865 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Dynamin 2 (DNM2) is a ubiquitously expressed GTPase regulating membrane trafficking and cytoskeleton dynamics. Heterozygous dominant mutations in DNM2 cause centronuclear myopathy (CNM), associated with muscle weakness and atrophy and histopathological hallmarks as fiber hypotrophy and organelles mis-position. Different severities range from the severe neonatal onset form to the moderate form with childhood onset and to the mild adult onset form. No therapy is approved for CNM. Here we aimed to validate and rescue a mouse model for the moderate form of DNM2-CNM harboring the common DNM2 R369W missense mutation. Dnm2R369W/+ mice presented with increased DNM2 protein level in muscle and moderate CNM-like phenotypes with force deficit, muscle and fiber hypotrophy, impaired mTOR signaling, and progressive mitochondria and nuclei mis-position with age. Molecular analyses revealed a fiber type switch toward oxidative metabolism correlating with decreased force and alteration of mitophagy markers paralleling mitochondria structural defects. Normalization of DNM2 levels through intramuscular injection of AAV-shDnm2 targeting Dnm2 mRNA significantly improved histopathology and muscle and myofiber hypotrophy. These results showed that the Dnm2R369W/+ mouse is a faithful model for the moderate form of DNM2-CNM and revealed that DNM2 normalization after a short 4-week treatment is sufficient to improve the CNM phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana de Carvalho Neves
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Foteini Moschovaki-Filippidou
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Johann Böhm
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Jocelyn Laporte
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), CNRS UMR7104, INSERM U1258, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
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5
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Kohsaka H. Linking neural circuits to the mechanics of animal behavior in Drosophila larval locomotion. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1175899. [PMID: 37711343 PMCID: PMC10499525 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1175899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The motions that make up animal behavior arise from the interplay between neural circuits and the mechanical parts of the body. Therefore, in order to comprehend the operational mechanisms governing behavior, it is essential to examine not only the underlying neural network but also the mechanical characteristics of the animal's body. The locomotor system of fly larvae serves as an ideal model for pursuing this integrative approach. By virtue of diverse investigation methods encompassing connectomics analysis and quantification of locomotion kinematics, research on larval locomotion has shed light on the underlying mechanisms of animal behavior. These studies have elucidated the roles of interneurons in coordinating muscle activities within and between segments, as well as the neural circuits responsible for exploration. This review aims to provide an overview of recent research on the neuromechanics of animal locomotion in fly larvae. We also briefly review interspecific diversity in fly larval locomotion and explore the latest advancements in soft robots inspired by larval locomotion. The integrative analysis of animal behavior using fly larvae could establish a practical framework for scrutinizing the behavior of other animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kohsaka
- Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Complexity Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
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6
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Murayama T, Kurebayashi N, Ishida R, Kagechika H. Drug development for the treatment of RyR1-related skeletal muscle diseases. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2023; 69:102356. [PMID: 36842386 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2023.102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) is an intracellular Ca2+ release channel on the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle, and it plays a central role in excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling. Mutations in RyR1 are implicated in various muscle diseases including malignant hyperthermia, central core disease, and myopathies. Currently, no specific treatment exists for most of these diseases. Recently, high-throughput screening (HTS) assays have been developed for identifying potential candidates for treating RyR-related muscle diseases. Currently, two different methods, namely a FRET-based assay and an endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-based assay, are available. These assays identified several compounds as novel RyR1 inhibitors. In addition, the development of a reconstituted platform permitted HTS assays for E-C coupling modulators. In this review, we will focus on recent progress in HTS assays and discuss future perspectives of these promising approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Murayama
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Nagomi Kurebayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ishida
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Dixon RE, Trimmer JS. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Junctions as Sites of Depolarization-Induced Ca 2+ Signaling in Excitable Cells. Annu Rev Physiol 2023; 85:217-243. [PMID: 36202100 PMCID: PMC9918718 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-032122-104610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Membrane contact sites between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM), or ER-PM junctions, are found in all eukaryotic cells. In excitable cells they play unique roles in organizing diverse forms of Ca2+ signaling as triggered by membrane depolarization. ER-PM junctions underlie crucial physiological processes such as excitation-contraction coupling, smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, and various forms of activity-dependent signaling and plasticity in neurons. In many cases the structure and molecular composition of ER-PM junctions in excitable cells comprise important regulatory feedback loops linking depolarization-induced Ca2+ signaling at these sites to the regulation of membrane potential. Here, we describe recent findings on physiological roles and molecular composition of native ER-PM junctions in excitable cells. We focus on recent studies that provide new insights into canonical forms of depolarization-induced Ca2+ signaling occurring at junctional triads and dyads of striated muscle, as well as the diversity of ER-PM junctions in these cells and in smooth muscle and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose E Dixon
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA;
| | - James S Trimmer
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA;
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8
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Abstract
Contractions of skeletal muscles provide the stability and power for all body movements. Consequently, any impairment in skeletal muscle function results in some degree of instability or immobility. Factors that influence skeletal muscle structure and function are therefore of great interest scientifically and clinically. Injury, neuromuscular disease, and old age are among the factors that commonly contribute to impairments in skeletal muscle function. The goal of this chapter is to summarize the fundamentals of skeletal muscle structure and function to provide foundational knowledge for this Handbook volume. We examine the molecular interactions that provide the basis for the generation of force and movement, discuss mechanisms of the regulation of contraction at the level of myofibers, and introduce concepts of the activation and control of muscle function in vivo. Where appropriate, the chapter updates the emerging science that will increase understanding of muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan V Brooks
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Steve D Guzman
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Lloyd P Ruiz
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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9
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Murayama T, Kurebayashi N, Numaga-Tomita T, Kobayashi T, Okazaki S, Yamashiro K, Nakada T, Mori S, Ishida R, Kagechika H, Yamada M, Sakurai T. A reconstituted depolarization-induced Ca2+ release platform for validation of skeletal muscle disease mutations and drug discovery. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:213630. [PMID: 36318155 PMCID: PMC9629852 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In skeletal muscle excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling, depolarization of the plasma membrane triggers Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), referred to as depolarization-induced Ca2+ release (DICR). DICR occurs through the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1), which physically interacts with the dihydropyridine receptor Cav1.1 subunit in specific machinery formed with additional essential components including β1a, Stac3 adaptor protein, and junctophilins. Exome sequencing has accelerated the discovery of many novel mutations in genes encoding DICR machinery in various skeletal muscle diseases. However, functional validation is time-consuming because it must be performed in a skeletal muscle environment. In this study, we established a platform of the reconstituted DICR in HEK293 cells. The essential components were effectively transduced into HEK293 cells expressing RyR1 using baculovirus vectors, and Ca2+ release was quantitatively measured with R-CEPIA1er, a fluorescent ER Ca2+ indicator, without contaminant of extracellular Ca2+ influx. In these cells, [K+]-dependent Ca2+ release was triggered by chemical depolarization with the aid of inward rectifying potassium channel, indicating a successful reconstitution of DICR. Using the platform, we evaluated several Cav1.1 mutations that are implicated in malignant hyperthermia and myopathy. We also tested several RyR1 inhibitors; whereas dantrolene and Cpd1 inhibited DICR, procaine had no effect. Furthermore, twitch potentiators such as perchlorate and thiocyanate shifted the voltage dependence of DICR to more negative potentials without affecting Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release. These results well reproduced the findings with the muscle fibers and the cultured myotubes. Since the procedure is simple and reproducible, the reconstituted DICR platform will be highly useful for the validation of mutations and drug discovery for skeletal muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Murayama
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nagomi Kurebayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuro Numaga-Tomita
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Kobayashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Okazaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Yamashiro
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nakada
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shuichi Mori
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ishida
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Yamada
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Department of Pharmacology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Dowling P, Gargan S, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. Proteomic profiling of impaired excitation-contraction coupling and abnormal calcium handling in muscular dystrophy. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2200003. [PMID: 35902360 PMCID: PMC10078611 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The X-linked inherited neuromuscular disorder Duchenne muscular dystrophy is characterised by primary abnormalities in the membrane cytoskeletal component dystrophin. The almost complete absence of the Dp427-M isoform of dystrophin in skeletal muscles renders contractile fibres more susceptible to progressive degeneration and a leaky sarcolemma membrane. This in turn results in abnormal calcium homeostasis, enhanced proteolysis and impaired excitation-contraction coupling. Biochemical and mass spectrometry-based proteomic studies of both patient biopsy specimens and genetic animal models of dystrophinopathy have demonstrated significant changes in the concentration and/or physiological function of essential calcium-regulatory proteins in dystrophin-lacking voluntary muscles. Abnormalities include dystrophinopathy-associated changes in voltage sensing receptors, calcium release channels, calcium pumps and calcium binding proteins. This review article provides an overview of the importance of the sarcolemmal dystrophin-glycoprotein complex and the wider dystrophin complexome in skeletal muscle and its linkage to depolarisation-induced calcium-release mechanisms and the excitation-contraction-relaxation cycle. Besides chronic inflammation, fat substitution and reactive myofibrosis, a major pathobiochemical hallmark of X-linked muscular dystrophy is represented by the chronic influx of calcium ions through the damaged plasmalemma in conjunction with abnormal intracellular calcium fluxes and buffering. Impaired calcium handling proteins should therefore be included in an improved biomarker signature of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.,Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Stephen Gargan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.,Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | | | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.,Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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11
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Ashida Y, Himori K, Tokuda N, Naito A, Yamauchi N, Takenaka-Ninagawa N, Aoki Y, Sakurai H, Yamada T. Dissociation of SH3 and cysteine rich domain 3 and junctophilin 1 from dihydropyridine receptor in dystrophin-deficient muscles. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C885-C895. [PMID: 35912995 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00163.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The disruption of excitation-contraction (EC) coupling and subsequent reduction in Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) have been shown to account for muscle weakness seen in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Here, we examined the mechanisms underlying EC uncoupling in skeletal muscles from mdx52 and DMD-null/NSG mice, animal models for DMD, focusing on the SH3 and cysteine rich domain 3 (STAC3) and junctophilin 1 (JP1), which link the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) in the transverse tubule and the ryanodine receptor 1 in the SR. The isometric plantarflexion torque normalized to muscle weight of whole plantar flexor muscles was depressed in mdx52 and DMD-null/NSG mice compared to their control mice. This was accompanied by increased autolysis of calpain-1, decreased levels of STAC3 and JP1 content, and dissociation of STAC3 and JP1 from DHPR-α1s in gastrocnemius muscles. Moreover, in vitro mechanistic experiments demonstrated that STAC3 and JP1 underwent Ca2+-dependent proteolysis which was less pronounced in dystrophin-deficient muscles where calpastatin, the endogenous calpain inhibitor, was upregulated. Eccentric contractions further enhanced autolysis of calpain-1 and proteolysis of STAC3 and JP1 that were associated with severe torque depression in gastrocnemius muscles from DMD-null/NSG mice. These data suggest that Ca2+-dependent proteolysis of STAC3 and JP1 may be an essential factor causing muscle weakness due to EC coupling failure in dystrophin-deficient muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ashida
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Himori
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.,Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nao Tokuda
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Azuma Naito
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nao Yamauchi
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Yoshitsugu Aoki
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Sakurai
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamada
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
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12
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Endo Y, Groom L, Celik A, Kraeva N, Lee CS, Jung SY, Gardner L, Shaw MA, Hamilton SL, Hopkins PM, Dirksen RT, Riazi S, Dowling JJ. Variants in ASPH cause exertional heat illness and are associated with malignant hyperthermia susceptibility. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3403. [PMID: 35697689 PMCID: PMC9192596 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Exertional heat illness (EHI) and malignant hyperthermia (MH) are life threatening conditions associated with muscle breakdown in the setting of triggering factors including volatile anesthetics, exercise, and high environmental temperature. To identify new genetic variants that predispose to EHI and/or MH, we performed genomic sequencing on a cohort with EHI/MH and/or abnormal caffeine-halothane contracture test. In five individuals, we identified rare, pathogenic heterozygous variants in ASPH, a gene encoding junctin, a regulator of excitation-contraction coupling. We validated the pathogenicity of these variants using orthogonal pre-clinical models, CRISPR-edited C2C12 myotubes and transgenic zebrafish. In total, we demonstrate that ASPH variants represent a new cause of EHI and MH susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Endo
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Linda Groom
- grid.16416.340000 0004 1936 9174Department of Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Alper Celik
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Centre for Computation Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Natalia Kraeva
- grid.417184.f0000 0001 0661 1177Malignant Hyperthermia Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Chang Seok Lee
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Lois Gardner
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Marie-Anne Shaw
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Susan L. Hamilton
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Philip M. Hopkins
- grid.9909.90000 0004 1936 8403Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James’s, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK ,grid.443984.60000 0000 8813 7132Malignant Hyperthermia Unit, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Robert T. Dirksen
- grid.16416.340000 0004 1936 9174Department of Physiology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
| | - Sheila Riazi
- grid.417184.f0000 0001 0661 1177Malignant Hyperthermia Unit, Department of Anesthesia, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - James J. Dowling
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Program for Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646Division of Neurology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
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13
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Melzer W. From α1s splicing to γ1 function: A new twist in subunit modulation of the skeletal muscle L-type Ca2+ channel. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:213270. [PMID: 35674662 PMCID: PMC9184848 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Melzer discusses a recent JGP study showing that alternative splicing of the skeletal muscle L-type calcium channel impacts on a modulatory effect of its γ subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Melzer
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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14
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Noda Y, Okada S, Suzuki T. Regulation of A-to-I RNA editing and stop codon recoding to control selenoprotein expression during skeletal myogenesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2503. [PMID: 35523818 PMCID: PMC9076623 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein N (SELENON), a selenocysteine (Sec)-containing protein with high reductive activity, maintains redox homeostasis, thereby contributing to skeletal muscle differentiation and function. Loss-of-function mutations in SELENON cause severe neuromuscular disorders. In the early-to-middle stage of myoblast differentiation, SELENON maintains redox homeostasis and modulates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ concentration, resulting in a gradual reduction from the middle-to-late stages due to unknown mechanisms. The present study describes post-transcriptional mechanisms that regulate SELENON expression during myoblast differentiation. Part of an Alu element in the second intron of SELENON pre-mRNA is frequently exonized during splicing, resulting in an aberrant mRNA that is degraded by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). In the middle stage of myoblast differentiation, ADAR1-mediated A-to-I RNA editing occurs in the U1 snRNA binding site at 5' splice site, preventing Alu exonization and producing mature mRNA. In the middle-to-late stage of myoblast differentiation, the level of Sec-charged tRNASec decreases due to downregulation of essential recoding factors for Sec insertion, thereby generating a premature termination codon in SELENON mRNA, which is targeted by NMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Noda
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shunpei Okada
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enyacho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
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15
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Shishmarev D, Rowland E, Aditya S, Sundararaj S, Oakley AJ, Dulhunty AF, Casarotto MG. Molecular interactions of
STAC
proteins with skeletal muscle dihydropyridine receptor and excitation‐contraction coupling. Protein Sci 2022; 31:e4311. [PMID: 35481653 PMCID: PMC9019556 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Excitation‐contraction coupling (ECC) is the physiological process in which an electrical signal originating from the central nervous system is converted into muscle contraction. In skeletal muscle tissue, the key step in the molecular mechanism of ECC initiated by the muscle action potential is the cooperation between two Ca2+ channels, dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR; voltage‐dependent L‐type calcium channel) and ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1). These two channels were originally postulated to communicate with each other via direct mechanical interactions; however, the molecular details of this cooperation have remained ambiguous. Recently, it has been proposed that one or more supporting proteins are in fact required for communication of DHPR with RyR1 during the ECC process. One such protein that is increasingly believed to play a role in this interaction is the SH3 and cysteine‐rich domain‐containing protein 3 (STAC3), which has been proposed to bind a cytosolic portion of the DHPR α1S subunit known as the II–III loop. In this work, we present direct evidence for an interaction between a small peptide sequence of the II–III loop and several residues within the SH3 domains of STAC3 as well as the neuronal isoform STAC2. Differences in this interaction between STAC3 and STAC2 suggest that STAC3 possesses distinct biophysical features that are potentially important for its physiological interactions with the II–III loop. Therefore, this work demonstrates an isoform‐specific interaction between STAC3 and the II–III loop of DHPR and provides novel insights into a putative molecular mechanism behind this association in the skeletal muscle ECC process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Shishmarev
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra Australia
- Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | - Emily Rowland
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra Australia
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics University of Oxford Oxford UK
| | - Shouvik Aditya
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra Australia
- Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | - Srinivasan Sundararaj
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | - Aaron J. Oakley
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Bioscience and Molecular Horizons University of Wollongong Wollongong Australia
| | - Angela F. Dulhunty
- John Curtin School of Medical Research Australian National University Canberra Australia
| | - Marco G. Casarotto
- Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra Australia
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16
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O'Connor TN, Kallenbach JG, Orciuoli HM, Paris ND, Bachman JF, Johnston CJ, Hernady E, Williams JP, Dirksen RT, Chakkalakal JV. Endurance exercise attenuates juvenile irradiation-induced skeletal muscle functional decline and mitochondrial stress. Skelet Muscle 2022; 12:8. [PMID: 35414122 PMCID: PMC9004104 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-022-00291-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy is commonly used to treat childhood cancers and can have adverse effects on muscle function, but the underlying mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. We hypothesized that endurance exercise following radiation treatment would improve skeletal muscle function. METHODS We utilized the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP) to irradiate juvenile male mice with a clinically relevant fractionated dose of 3× (every other day over 5 days) 8.2 Gy X-ray irradiation locally from the knee to footpad region of the right hindlimb. Mice were then singly housed for 1 month in cages equipped with either locked or free-spinning voluntary running wheels. Ex vivo muscle contractile function, RT-qPCR analyses, resting cytosolic and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) store Ca2+ levels, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels (MitoSOX), and immunohistochemical and biochemical analyses of muscle samples were conducted to assess the muscle pathology and the relative therapeutic impact of voluntary wheel running (VWR). RESULTS Irradiation reduced fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle-specific force by 27% compared to that of non-irradiated mice, while VWR post-irradiation improved muscle-specific force by 37%. Radiation treatment similarly reduced slow-twitch soleus muscle-specific force by 14% compared to that of non-irradiated mice, while VWR post-irradiation improved specific force by 18%. We assessed intracellular Ca2+ regulation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial homeostasis as potential mechanisms of radiation-induced pathology and exercise-mediated rescue. We found a significant reduction in resting cytosolic Ca2+ concentration following irradiation in sedentary mice. Intriguingly, however, SR Ca2+ store content was increased in myofibers from irradiated mice post-VWR compared to mice that remained sedentary. We observed a 73% elevation in the overall protein oxidization in muscle post-irradiation, while VWR reduced protein nitrosylation by 35% and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by 50%. Finally, we found that VWR significantly increased the expression of PGC1α at both the transcript and protein levels, consistent with an exercise-dependent increase in mitochondrial biogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Juvenile irradiation stunted muscle development, disrupted proper Ca2+ handling, damaged mitochondria, and increased oxidative and nitrosative stress, paralleling significant deficits in muscle force production. Exercise mitigated aberrant Ca2+ handling, mitochondrial homeostasis, and increased oxidative and nitrosative stress in a manner that correlated with improved skeletal muscle function after radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas N O'Connor
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, Genetics, Development and Stem Cells Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jacob G Kallenbach
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Haley M Orciuoli
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, Biological Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Nicole D Paris
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - John F Bachman
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cell Biology of Disease Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Carl J Johnston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Eric Hernady
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline P Williams
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Joe V Chakkalakal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Cell Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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17
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Križančić Bombek L, Čater M. Skeletal Muscle Uncoupling Proteins in Mice Models of Obesity. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030259. [PMID: 35323702 PMCID: PMC8955650 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and accompanying type 2 diabetes are among major and increasing worldwide problems that occur fundamentally due to excessive energy intake during its expenditure. Endotherms continuously consume a certain amount of energy to maintain core body temperature via thermogenic processes, mainly in brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle glucose utilization and heat production are significant and directly linked to body glucose homeostasis at rest, and especially during physical activity. However, this glucose balance is impaired in diabetic and obese states in humans and mice, and manifests as glucose resistance and altered muscle cell metabolism. Uncoupling proteins have a significant role in converting electrochemical energy into thermal energy without ATP generation. Different homologs of uncoupling proteins were identified, and their roles were linked to antioxidative activity and boosting glucose and lipid metabolism. From this perspective, uncoupling proteins were studied in correlation to the pathogenesis of diabetes and obesity and their possible treatments. Mice were extensively used as model organisms to study the physiology and pathophysiology of energy homeostasis. However, we should be aware of interstrain differences in mice models of obesity regarding thermogenesis and insulin resistance in skeletal muscles. Therefore, in this review, we gathered up-to-date knowledge on skeletal muscle uncoupling proteins and their effect on insulin sensitivity in mouse models of obesity and diabetes.
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18
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Taylor DF, Bishop DJ. Transcription Factor Movement and Exercise-Induced Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Human Skeletal Muscle: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1517. [PMID: 35163441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to exercise, the oxidative capacity of mitochondria within skeletal muscle increases through the coordinated expression of mitochondrial proteins in a process termed mitochondrial biogenesis. Controlling the expression of mitochondrial proteins are transcription factors—a group of proteins that regulate messenger RNA transcription from DNA in the nucleus and mitochondria. To fulfil other functions or to limit gene expression, transcription factors are often localised away from DNA to different subcellular compartments and undergo rapid movement or accumulation only when required. Although many transcription factors involved in exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis have been identified, numerous conflicting findings and gaps exist within our knowledge of their subcellular movement. This review aims to summarise and provide a critical analysis of the published literature regarding the exercise-induced movement of transcription factors involved in mitochondria biogenesis in skeletal muscle.
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19
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Savalli N, Angelini M, Steccanella F, Wier J, Wu F, Quinonez M, DiFranco M, Neely A, Cannon SC, Olcese R. The distinct role of the four voltage sensors of the skeletal CaV1.1 channel in voltage-dependent activation. J Gen Physiol 2021; 153:212652. [PMID: 34546289 PMCID: PMC8460119 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202112915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Initiation of skeletal muscle contraction is triggered by rapid activation of RYR1 channels in response to sarcolemmal depolarization. RYR1 is intracellular and has no voltage-sensing structures, but it is coupled with the voltage-sensing apparatus of CaV1.1 channels to inherit voltage sensitivity. Using an opto-electrophysiological approach, we resolved the excitation-driven molecular events controlling both CaV1.1 and RYR1 activations, reported as fluorescence changes. We discovered that each of the four human CaV1.1 voltage-sensing domains (VSDs) exhibits unique biophysical properties: VSD-I time-dependent properties were similar to ionic current activation kinetics, suggesting a critical role of this voltage sensor in CaV1.1 activation; VSD-II, VSD-III, and VSD-IV displayed faster activation, compatible with kinetics of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release. The prominent role of VSD-I in governing CaV1.1 activation was also confirmed using a naturally occurring, charge-neutralizing mutation in VSD-I (R174W). This mutation abolished CaV1.1 current at physiological membrane potentials by impairing VSD-I activation without affecting the other VSDs. Using a structurally relevant allosteric model of CaV activation, which accounted for both time- and voltage-dependent properties of CaV1.1, to predict VSD-pore coupling energies, we found that VSD-I contributed the most energy (~75 meV or ∼3 kT) toward the stabilization of the open states of the channel, with smaller (VSD-IV) or negligible (VSDs II and III) energetic contribution from the other voltage sensors (<25 meV or ∼1 kT). This study settles the longstanding question of how CaV1.1, a slowly activating channel, can trigger RYR1 rapid activation, and reveals a new mechanism for voltage-dependent activation in ion channels, whereby pore opening of human CaV1.1 channels is primarily driven by the activation of one voltage sensor, a mechanism distinct from that of all other voltage-gated channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Savalli
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Marina Angelini
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Federica Steccanella
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Julian Wier
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Fenfen Wu
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Marbella Quinonez
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Marino DiFranco
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Alan Neely
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Stephen C Cannon
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Riccardo Olcese
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
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20
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Chatel B, Ducreux S, Harhous Z, Bendridi N, Varlet I, Ogier AC, Bernard M, Gondin J, Rieusset J, Westerblad H, Bendahan D, Gineste C. Impaired aerobic capacity and premature fatigue preceding muscle weakness in the skeletal muscle Tfam-knockout mouse model. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:272176. [PMID: 34378772 PMCID: PMC8461820 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are genetic disorders that lead to impaired mitochondrial function, resulting in exercise intolerance and muscle weakness. In patients, muscle fatigue due to defects in mitochondrial oxidative capacities commonly precedes muscle weakness. In mice, deletion of the fast-twitch skeletal muscle-specific Tfam gene (Tfam KO) leads to a deficit in respiratory chain activity, severe muscle weakness and early death. Here, we performed a time-course study of mitochondrial and muscular dysfunctions in 11- and 14-week-old Tfam KO mice, i.e. before and when mice are about to enter the terminal stage, respectively. Although force in the unfatigued state was reduced in Tfam KO mice compared to control littermates (wild type) only at 14 weeks, during repeated submaximal contractions fatigue was faster at both ages. During fatiguing stimulation, total phosphocreatine breakdown was larger in Tfam KO muscle than in wild-type muscle at both ages, whereas phosphocreatine consumption was faster only at 14 weeks. In conclusion, the Tfam KO mouse model represents a reliable model of lethal mitochondrial myopathy in which impaired mitochondrial energy production and premature fatigue occur before muscle weakness and early death. Summary: A time-course study of mitochondrial and muscular dysfunctions in a mouse model of mitochondrial myopathy reveals that decreased resistance to fatigue together with decreased oxidative capacities arise ahead of muscle weakness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Chatel
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRMBM UMR CNRS 7339, 13385 Marseille, France.,CellMade, 73370 Le-Bourget-du-Lac, France
| | - Sylvie Ducreux
- CarMeN Laboratory, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite et F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Zeina Harhous
- CarMeN Laboratory, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite et F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Nadia Bendridi
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69600 Oullins, France
| | - Isabelle Varlet
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRMBM UMR CNRS 7339, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Augustin C Ogier
- Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS, LIS, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Monique Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRMBM UMR CNRS 7339, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Julien Gondin
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, UMR CNRS 5310 - INSERM U1217, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69008 Lyon, France
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- CarMeN Laboratory, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, F-69310 Pierre-Bénite et F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Håkan Westerblad
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Bendahan
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRMBM UMR CNRS 7339, 13385 Marseille, France
| | - Charlotte Gineste
- Aix-Marseille Université, CRMBM UMR CNRS 7339, 13385 Marseille, France
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21
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Tarazona-Motes M, Albaladejo-Belmonte M, Nohales-Alfonso FJ, De-Arriba M, Garcia-Casado J, Alberola-Rubio J. Treatment of Dyspareunia with Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A: Clinical Improvement and Influence of Patients' Characteristics. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:8783. [PMID: 34444532 PMCID: PMC8393724 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of chronic pelvic pain (CPP) with botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) has increased lately, but more studies assessing its effect are needed. This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of patients after BoNT/A infiltration and identify potential responders to treatment. Twenty-four women with CPP associated with dyspareunia were treated with 90 units of BoNT/A injected into their pelvic floor muscle (PFM). Clinical status and PFM activity were monitored in a previous visit (PV) and 12 and 24 weeks after the infiltration (W12, W24) by validated clinical questionnaires and surface electromyography (sEMG). The influence of patients' characteristics on the reduction in pain at W12 and W24 was also assessed. After treatment, pain scores and the impact of symptoms on quality of life dropped significantly, sexual function improved and sEMG signal amplitude decreased on both sides of the PFM with no adverse events. Headaches and bilateral pelvic pain were risk factors for a smaller pain improvement at W24, while lower back pain was a protective factor. Apart from reporting a significant clinical improvement of patients with CPP associated with dyspareunia after BoNT/A infiltration, this study shows that clinical characteristics should be analyzed in detail to identify potential responders to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tarazona-Motes
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe de Valencia, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (M.T.-M.); (F.J.N.-A.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - Monica Albaladejo-Belmonte
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universitat Politècnica de València, Edif. 8B, Camino de Vera SN, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (J.G.-C.)
| | - Francisco J. Nohales-Alfonso
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe de Valencia, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (M.T.-M.); (F.J.N.-A.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - Maria De-Arriba
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe de Valencia, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (M.T.-M.); (F.J.N.-A.); (M.D.-A.)
| | - Javier Garcia-Casado
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación en Bioingeniería, Universitat Politècnica de València, Edif. 8B, Camino de Vera SN, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (M.A.-B.); (J.G.-C.)
| | - Jose Alberola-Rubio
- Unidad de Bioelectrónica, Procesamiento de señales y Algoritmia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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22
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Shenkman BS, Sharlo KA. How Muscle Activity Controls Slow
Myosin Expression. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s002209302103011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Dowling P, Gargan S, Murphy S, Zweyer M, Sabir H, Swandulla D, Ohlendieck K. The Dystrophin Node as Integrator of Cytoskeletal Organization, Lateral Force Transmission, Fiber Stability and Cellular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle. Proteomes 2021; 9:9. [PMID: 33540575 PMCID: PMC7931087 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The systematic bioanalytical characterization of the protein product of the DMD gene, which is defective in the pediatric disorder Duchenne muscular dystrophy, led to the discovery of the membrane cytoskeletal protein dystrophin. Its full-length muscle isoform Dp427-M is tightly linked to a sarcolemma-associated complex consisting of dystroglycans, sarcoglyans, sarcospan, dystrobrevins and syntrophins. Besides these core members of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex, the wider dystrophin-associated network includes key proteins belonging to the intracellular cytoskeleton and microtubular assembly, the basal lamina and extracellular matrix, various plasma membrane proteins and cytosolic components. Here, we review the central role of the dystrophin complex as a master node in muscle fibers that integrates cytoskeletal organization and cellular signaling at the muscle periphery, as well as providing sarcolemmal stabilization and contractile force transmission to the extracellular region. The combination of optimized tissue extraction, subcellular fractionation, advanced protein co-purification strategies, immunoprecipitation, liquid chromatography and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis with modern mass spectrometry-based proteomics has confirmed the composition of the core dystrophin complex at the sarcolemma membrane. Importantly, these biochemical and mass spectrometric surveys have identified additional members of the wider dystrophin network including biglycan, cavin, synemin, desmoglein, tubulin, plakoglobin, cytokeratin and a variety of signaling proteins and ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Dowling
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (P.D.); (S.G.)
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Stephen Gargan
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (P.D.); (S.G.)
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | - Sandra Murphy
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE24HH, UK;
| | - Margit Zweyer
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Children’s Hospital, University of Bonn, D53113 Bonn, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Hemmen Sabir
- Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Children’s Hospital, University of Bonn, D53113 Bonn, Germany; (M.Z.); (H.S.)
| | - Dieter Swandulla
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Bonn, D53115 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Kay Ohlendieck
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland; (P.D.); (S.G.)
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, W23F2H6 Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
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Amrute‐Nayak M, Pegoli G, Holler T, Lopez‐Davila AJ, Lanzuolo C, Nayak A. Chemotherapy triggers cachexia by deregulating synergetic function of histone-modifying enzymes. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:159-176. [PMID: 33305533 PMCID: PMC7890149 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy is the first line of treatment for cancer patients. However, the side effects cause severe muscle atrophy or chemotherapy-induced cachexia. Previously, the NF-κB/MuRF1-dependent pathway was shown to induce chemotherapy-induced cachexia. We hypothesized that acute collateral toxic effects of chemotherapy on muscles might involve other unknown pathways promoting chemotherapy-induced muscle atrophy. In this study, we investigated differential effects of chemotherapeutic drugs and probed whether alternative molecular mechanisms lead to cachexia. METHODS We employed mouse satellite stem cell-derived primary muscle cells and mouse C2C12 progenitor cell-derived differentiated myotubes as model systems to test the effect of drugs. The widely used chemotherapeutic drugs, such as daunorubicin (Daun), etoposide (Etop), and cytarabine (Ara-C), were tested. Molecular mechanisms by which drug affects the muscle cell organization at epigenetic, transcriptional, and protein levels were measured by employing chromatin immunoprecipitations, endogenous gene expression profiling, co-immunoprecipitation, complementation assays, and confocal microscopy. Myotube function was examined using the electrical stimulation of myotubes to monitor contractile ability (excitation-contraction coupling) post drug treatment. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate that chemotherapeutic drugs disrupt sarcomere organization and thereby the contractile ability of skeletal muscle cells. The sarcomere disorganization results from severe loss of molecular motor protein MyHC-II upon drug treatment. We identified that drugs impede chromatin targeting of SETD7 histone methyltransferase and disrupt association and synergetic function of SETD7 with p300 histone acetyltransferase. The compromised transcriptional activity of histone methyltransferase and acetyltransferase causes reduced histone acetylation and low occupancy of active RNA polymerase II on MyHC-II, promoting drastic down-regulation of MyHC-II expression (~3.6-fold and ~4.5-fold reduction of MyHC-IId mRNA levels in Daun and Etop treatment, respectively. P < 0.0001). For MyHC-IIa, gene expression was down-regulated by ~2.6-fold and ~4.5-fold in Daun and Etop treatment, respectively (P < 0.0001). Very interestingly, the drugs destabilize SUMO deconjugase SENP3. Reduction in SENP3 protein level leads to deregulation of SETD7-p300 function. Importantly, we identified that SUMO deconjugation independent role of SENP3 regulates SETD7-p300 functional axis. CONCLUSIONS The results show that the drugs critically alter SENP3-dependent synergistic action of histone-modifying enzymes in muscle cells. Collectively, we defined a unique epigenetic mechanism targeted by distinct chemotherapeutic drugs, triggering chemotherapy-induced cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Amrute‐Nayak
- Institute of Molecular and Cell PhysiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | - Gloria Pegoli
- Institute of Biomedical TechnologiesNational Research CouncilMilanItaly
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
| | - Tim Holler
- Institute of Molecular and Cell PhysiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
| | | | - Chiara Lanzuolo
- Institute of Biomedical TechnologiesNational Research CouncilMilanItaly
- Istituto Nazionale Genetica Molecolare ‘Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi’MilanItaly
| | - Arnab Nayak
- Institute of Molecular and Cell PhysiologyHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany
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25
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Abstract
In this issue, Michelucci et al. report the existence of specific sites acting as Ca2+ entry units (CEUs) in fast skeletal muscle of mice lacking calsequestrin (CASQ1), the major Ca2+ binding protein of the SR. The CEU provides constitutive and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and resistance to force decline resulting from SR Ca2+ depletion during repetitive muscle activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Melzer
- Institute of Applied Physiology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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26
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Papadimas GK, Xirou S, Kararizou E, Papadopoulos C. Update on Congenital Myopathies in Adulthood. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103694. [PMID: 32456280 PMCID: PMC7279481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital myopathies (CMs) constitute a group of heterogenous rare inherited muscle diseases with different incidences. They are traditionally grouped based on characteristic histopathological findings revealed on muscle biopsy. In recent decades, the ever-increasing application of modern genetic technologies has not just improved our understanding of their pathophysiology, but also expanded their phenotypic spectrum and contributed to a more genetically based approach for their classification. Later onset forms of CMs are increasingly recognised. They are often considered milder with slower progression, variable clinical presentations and different modes of inheritance. We reviewed the key features and genetic basis of late onset CMs with a special emphasis on those forms that may first manifest in adulthood.
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27
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Abstract
This Editorial for Volume 12 Issue 1 first describes the contents of the current issue before informing on a few of the developments occurring in Biophysical Reviews during 2020. Notable items include the announcement of the (i) inaugural winner of the Michèle Auger Award for Young Scientists' Independent Research and (ii) lineup of Special Issue topics for 2020. This Editorial concludes with a short forward-looking discussion piece on the future of biophysics as an increasingly important and vital sub-discipline of modern scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien Hall
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, NIDDK, NIH, Bld. 8, Bethesda, MD, 20892-0830, USA.
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-1- Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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