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Tsugawa H, Ishihara T, Ogasa K, Iwanami S, Hori A, Takahashi M, Yamada Y, Satoh-Takayama N, Ohno H, Minoda A, Arita M. A lipidome landscape of aging in mice. Nat Aging 2024:10.1038/s43587-024-00610-6. [PMID: 38609525 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-024-00610-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular mechanisms of aging is crucial for enhancing healthy longevity. We conducted untargeted lipidomics across 13 biological samples from mice at various life stages (2, 12, 19 and 24 months) to explore the potential link between aging and lipid metabolism, considering sex (male or female) and microbiome (specific pathogen-free or germ-free) dependencies. By analyzing 2,704 molecules from 109 lipid subclasses, we characterized common and tissue-specific lipidome alterations associated with aging. For example, the levels of bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate containing polyunsaturated fatty acids increased in various organs during aging, whereas the levels of other phospholipids containing saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids decreased. In addition, we discovered age-dependent sulfonolipid accumulation, absent in germ-free mice, correlating with Alistipes abundance determined by 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing. In the male kidney, glycolipids such as galactosylceramides, galabiosylceramides (Gal2Cer), trihexosylceramides (Hex3Cer), and mono- and digalactosyldiacylglycerols were detected, with two lipid classes-Gal2Cer and Hex3Cer-being significantly enriched in aged mice. Integrated analysis of the kidney transcriptome revealed uridine diphosphate galactosyltransferase 8A (UGT8a), alkylglycerone phosphate synthase and fatty acyl-coenzyme A reductase 1 as potential enzymes responsible for the male-specific glycolipid biosynthesis in vivo, which would be relevant to sex dependency in kidney diseases. Inhibiting UGT8 reduced the levels of these glycolipids and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the kidney. Our study provides a valuable resource for clarifying potential links between lipid metabolism and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tsugawa
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan.
- Metabolome Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan.
- Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Tomoaki Ishihara
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Kota Ogasa
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seigo Iwanami
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Hori
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mikiko Takahashi
- Metabolome Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamada
- Metabolome Informatics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Naoko Satoh-Takayama
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Laboratory for Intestinal Ecosystem, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Aki Minoda
- Laboratory for Cellular Epigenomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Makoto Arita
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
- Molecular and Cellular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
- Human Biology-Microbiome-Quantum Research Center (WPI-Bio2Q), Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
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2
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Song I, Yang J, Saito M, Hartanto T, Nakayama Y, Ichinohe T, Fukuda S. Prebiotic inulin ameliorates SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters by modulating the gut microbiome. NPJ Sci Food 2024; 8:18. [PMID: 38485724 PMCID: PMC10940623 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-024-00248-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Current treatment options for COVID-19 are limited, with many antivirals and immunomodulators restricted to the most severe cases and preventative care limited to vaccination. As the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its increasing variants threaten to become a permanent fixture of our lives, this new reality necessitates the development of cost-effective and accessible treatment options for COVID-19. Studies have shown that there are correlations between the gut microbiome and severity of COVID-19, especially with regards to production of physiologically beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by gut microbes. In this study, we used a Syrian hamster model to study how dietary consumption of the prebiotic inulin affected morbidity and mortality resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection. After two weeks of observation, we discovered that inulin supplementation attenuated morbid weight loss and increased survival rate in hamster subjects. An analysis of microbiome community structure showed significant alterations in 15 genera. Notably, there were also small increases in fecal DCA and a significant increase in serum DCA, perhaps highlighting a role for this secondary bile acid in conferring protection against SARS-CoV-2. In light of these results, inulin and other prebiotics are promising targets for future investigation as preventative treatment options for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaiah Song
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Jiayue Yang
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Misa Saito
- Metagen, Inc., Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | | | | | - Takeshi Ichinohe
- Division of Viral Infection, Department of Infectious Disease Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan.
- Metagen, Inc., Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan.
- Gut Environmental Design Group, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
- Laboratory for Regenerative Microbiology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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3
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Nagami S, Kaguchi R, Akahane T, Harabuchi Y, Taniguchi T, Monde K, Maeda S, Ichikawa S, Katsuyama A. Photoinduced dual bond rotation of a nitrogen-containing system realized by chalcogen substitution. Nat Chem 2024:10.1038/s41557-024-01461-9. [PMID: 38418536 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01461-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Photoinduced concerted multiple-bond rotation has been proposed in some biological systems. However, the observation of such phenomena in synthetic systems, in other words, the synthesis of molecules that undergo photoinduced multiple-bond rotation upon photoirradiation, has been a challenge in the photochemistry field. Here we describe a chalcogen-substituted benzamide system that exhibits photoinduced dual bond rotation in heteroatom-containing bonds. Introduction of the chalcogen substituent into a sterically hindered benzamide system provides sufficient kinetic stability and photosensitivity to enable the photoinduced concerted rotation. The presence of two different substituents on the phenyl ring in the thioamide derivative enables the generation of a pair of enantiomers and E/Z isomers. Using these four stereoisomers as indicators of which bonds are rotated, we monitor the photoinduced C-N/C-C concerted bond rotation in the thioamide derivative depending on external stimuli such as temperature and photoirradiation. Theoretical calculations provide insight on the mechanism of this selective photoinduced C-N/C-C concerted rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Nagami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rintaro Kaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taichi Akahane
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yu Harabuchi
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- JST, ERATO, Maeda Artificial Intelligence in Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery Project, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tohru Taniguchi
- Frontier Research Center of Advanced Material and Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenji Monde
- Frontier Research Center of Advanced Material and Life Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- JST, ERATO, Maeda Artificial Intelligence in Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery Project, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ichikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
- Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Akira Katsuyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
- Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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4
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Minami Y, Imamura S, Matsuyama N, Nakajima Y, Yoshida M. Catalytic thiolation-depolymerization-like decomposition of oxyphenylene-type super engineering plastics via selective carbon-oxygen main chain cleavages. Commun Chem 2024; 7:37. [PMID: 38378901 PMCID: PMC10879179 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
As the effective use of carbon resources has become a pressing societal issue, the importance of chemical recycling of plastics has increased. The catalytic chemical decomposition for plastics is a promising approach for creating valuable products under efficient and mild conditions. Although several commodity and engineering plastics have been applied, the decompositions of stable resins composed of strong main chains such as polyamides, thermoset resins, and super engineering plastics are underdeveloped. Especially, super engineering plastics that have high heat resistance, chemical resistance, and low solubility are nearly unexplored. In addition, many super engineering plastics are composed of robust aromatic ethers, which are difficult to cleave. Herein, we report the catalytic depolymerization-like chemical decomposition of oxyphenylene-based super engineering plastics such as polyetheretherketone and polysulfone using thiols via selective carbon-oxygen main chain cleavage to form electron-deficient arenes with sulfur functional groups and bisphenols. The catalyst combination of a bulky phosphazene base P4-tBu with inorganic bases such as tripotassium phosphate enabled smooth decomposition. This method could be utilized with carbon- or glass fiber-enforced polyetheretherketone materials and a consumer resin. The sulfur functional groups in one product could be transformed to amino and sulfonium groups and fluorine by using suitable catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunori Minami
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Sae Imamura
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Nao Matsuyama
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakajima
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
| | - Masaru Yoshida
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry (IRC3), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan
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5
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Furuta Y, Yamamoto H, Hirakawa T, Uemura A, Pelayo MA, Iimura H, Katagiri N, Takeda-Kamiya N, Kumaishi K, Shirakawa M, Ishiguro S, Ichihashi Y, Suzuki T, Goh T, Toyooka K, Ito T, Yamaguchi N. Petal abscission is promoted by jasmonic acid-induced autophagy at Arabidopsis petal bases. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1098. [PMID: 38321030 PMCID: PMC10847506 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
In angiosperms, the transition from floral-organ maintenance to abscission determines reproductive success and seed dispersion. For petal abscission, cell-fate decisions specifically at the petal-cell base are more important than organ-level senescence or cell death in petals. However, how this transition is regulated remains unclear. Here, we identify a jasmonic acid (JA)-regulated chromatin-state switch at the base of Arabidopsis petals that directs local cell-fate determination via autophagy. During petal maintenance, co-repressors of JA signaling accumulate at the base of petals to block MYC activity, leading to lower levels of ROS. JA acts as an airborne signaling molecule transmitted from stamens to petals, accumulating primarily in petal bases to trigger chromatin remodeling. This allows MYC transcription factors to promote chromatin accessibility for downstream targets, including NAC DOMAIN-CONTAINING PROTEIN102 (ANAC102). ANAC102 accumulates specifically at the petal base prior to abscission and triggers ROS accumulation and cell death via AUTOPHAGY-RELATED GENEs induction. Developmentally induced autophagy at the petal base causes maturation, vacuolar delivery, and breakdown of autophagosomes for terminal cell differentiation. Dynamic changes in vesicles and cytoplasmic components in the vacuole occur in many plants, suggesting JA-NAC-mediated local cell-fate determination by autophagy may be conserved in angiosperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Furuta
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Haruka Yamamoto
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hirakawa
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Akira Uemura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Margaret Anne Pelayo
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
- Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hideaki Iimura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Naoya Katagiri
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Noriko Takeda-Kamiya
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kie Kumaishi
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0074, Japan
| | - Makoto Shirakawa
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi-shi, Japan
| | - Sumie Ishiguro
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yasunori Ichihashi
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai, Aichi, 487-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Goh
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kiminori Toyooka
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Toshiro Ito
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.
| | - Nobutoshi Yamaguchi
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.
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6
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Nonaka H, Sakamoto S, Shiraiwa K, Ishikawa M, Tamura T, Okuno K, Kondo T, Kiyonaka S, Susaki EA, Shimizu C, Ueda HR, Kakegawa W, Arai I, Yuzaki M, Hamachi I. Bioorthogonal chemical labeling of endogenous neurotransmitter receptors in living mouse brains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313887121. [PMID: 38294939 PMCID: PMC10861872 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313887121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitter receptors are essential components of synapses for communication between neurons in the brain. Because the spatiotemporal expression profiles and dynamics of neurotransmitter receptors involved in many functions are delicately governed in the brain, in vivo research tools with high spatiotemporal resolution for receptors in intact brains are highly desirable. Covalent labeling by chemical reaction (chemical labeling) of proteins without genetic manipulation is now a powerful method for analyzing receptors in vitro. However, selective target receptor labeling in the brain has not yet been achieved. This study shows that ligand-directed alkoxyacylimidazole (LDAI) chemistry can be used to selectively tether synthetic probes to target endogenous receptors in living mouse brains. The reactive LDAI reagents with negative charges were found to diffuse well over the whole brain and could selectively label target endogenous receptors, including AMPAR, NMDAR, mGlu1, and GABAAR. This simple and robust labeling protocol was then used for various applications: three-dimensional spatial mapping of endogenous receptors in the brains of healthy and disease-model mice; multi-color receptor imaging; and pulse-chase analysis of the receptor dynamics in postnatal mouse brains. Here, results demonstrated that bioorthogonal receptor modification in living animal brains may provide innovative molecular tools that contribute to the in-depth understanding of complicated brain functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nonaka
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
- Hamachi Innovative Molecular Technology for Neuroscience, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto615-8530, Japan
| | - Seiji Sakamoto
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
- Hamachi Innovative Molecular Technology for Neuroscience, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto615-8530, Japan
| | - Kazuki Shiraiwa
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Mamoru Ishikawa
- Hamachi Innovative Molecular Technology for Neuroscience, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto615-8530, Japan
| | - Tomonori Tamura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
- Hamachi Innovative Molecular Technology for Neuroscience, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto615-8530, Japan
| | - Kyohei Okuno
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Takumi Kondo
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8603, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kiyonaka
- Hamachi Innovative Molecular Technology for Neuroscience, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto615-8530, Japan
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8603, Japan
| | - Etsuo A. Susaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biomedicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo113-8421, Japan
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka 565-5241, Japan
| | - Chika Shimizu
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka 565-5241, Japan
| | - Hiroki R. Ueda
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka 565-5241, Japan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
| | - Wataru Kakegawa
- Hamachi Innovative Molecular Technology for Neuroscience, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto615-8530, Japan
- Department of Neurophysiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo160-8582, Japan
| | - Itaru Arai
- Department of Neurophysiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo160-8582, Japan
| | - Michisuke Yuzaki
- Department of Neurophysiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo160-8582, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
- Hamachi Innovative Molecular Technology for Neuroscience, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kyoto615-8530, Japan
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7
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Makiuchi T, Hioki T, Shimizu H, Hoshi K, Elyasi M, Yamamoto K, Yokoi N, Serga AA, Hillebrands B, Bauer GEW, Saitoh E. Persistent magnetic coherence in magnets. Nat Mater 2024:10.1038/s41563-024-01798-z. [PMID: 38321239 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-024-01798-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
When excited, the magnetization in a magnet precesses around the field in an anticlockwise manner on a timescale governed by viscous magnetization damping, after which any information carried by the initial actuation seems to be lost. This damping appears to be a fundamental bottleneck for the use of magnets in information processing. However, here we demonstrate the recall of the magnetization-precession phase after times that exceed the damping timescale by two orders of magnitude using dedicated two-colour microwave pump-probe experiments for a Y3Fe5O12 microstructured film. Time-resolved magnetization state tomography confirms the persistent magnetic coherence by revealing a double-exponential decay of magnetization correlation. We attribute persistent magnetic coherence to a feedback effect, that is, coherent coupling of the uniform precession with long-lived excitations at the minima of the spin-wave dispersion relation. Our finding liberates magnetic systems from the strong damping in nanostructures that has limited their use in coherent information storage and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Makiuchi
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Hioki
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - H Shimizu
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Hoshi
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Elyasi
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan
| | - N Yokoi
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A A Serga
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - B Hillebrands
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - G E W Bauer
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - E Saitoh
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
- Institute for AI and Beyond, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Japan.
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science, Wako, Japan.
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8
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Chen J, Tsuchida A, Malay AD, Tsuchiya K, Masunaga H, Tsuji Y, Kuzumoto M, Urayama K, Shintaku H, Numata K. Replicating shear-mediated self-assembly of spider silk through microfluidics. Nat Commun 2024; 15:527. [PMID: 38225234 PMCID: PMC10789810 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44733-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of artificial spider silk with properties similar to native silk has been a challenging task in materials science. In this study, we use a microfluidic device to create continuous fibers based on recombinant MaSp2 spidroin. The strategy incorporates ion-induced liquid-liquid phase separation, pH-driven fibrillation, and shear-dependent induction of β-sheet formation. We find that a threshold shear stress of approximately 72 Pa is required for fiber formation, and that β-sheet formation is dependent on the presence of polyalanine blocks in the repetitive sequence. The MaSp2 fiber formed has a β-sheet content (29.2%) comparable to that of native dragline with a shear stress requirement of 111 Pa. Interestingly, the polyalanine blocks have limited influence on the occurrence of liquid-liquid phase separation and hierarchical structure. These results offer insights into the shear-induced crystallization and sequence-structure relationship of spider silk and have significant implications for the rational design of artificially spun fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Chen
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Research Centre of Textiles for Future Fashion, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- School of Fashion and Textiles, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Arata Tsuchida
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Ali D Malay
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Masunaga
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yui Tsuji
- Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Mako Kuzumoto
- Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Shintaku
- Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Department of Material Chemistry, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-0017, Japan.
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9
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Sakai Y, Takahashi S, Koyama-Honda I, Saito C, Mizushima N. Experimental determination and mathematical modeling of standard shapes of forming autophagosomes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:91. [PMID: 38167876 PMCID: PMC10762205 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44442-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The formation of autophagosomes involves dynamic morphological changes of a phagophore from a flat membrane cisterna into a cup-shaped intermediate and a spherical autophagosome. However, the physical mechanism behind these morphological changes remains elusive. Here, we determine the average shapes of phagophores by statistically investigating three-dimensional electron micrographs of more than 100 phagophores. The results show that the cup-shaped structures adopt a characteristic morphology; they are longitudinally elongated, and the rim is catenoidal with an outwardly recurved shape. To understand these characteristic shapes, we establish a theoretical model of the shape of entire phagophores. The model quantitatively reproduces the average morphology and reveals that the characteristic shape of phagophores is primarily determined by the relative size of the open rim to the total surface area. These results suggest that the seemingly complex morphological changes during autophagosome formation follow a stable path determined by elastic bending energy minimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Sakai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Department of Biosystems Science, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
- Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS) Program, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Ikuko Koyama-Honda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chieko Saito
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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10
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Seki T, Futazuka T, Morishige N, Matsubara R, Ikuhara Y, Shibata N. Incommensurate grain-boundary atomic structure. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7806. [PMID: 38052780 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43536-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Grain-boundary atomic structures of crystalline materials have long been believed to be commensurate with the crystal periodicity of the adjacent crystals. In the present study, we experimentally observed a Σ9 grain-boundary atomic structure of a bcc crystal (Fe-3%Si). It is found that the Σ9 grain-boundary structure is largely reconstructed and forms a dense packing of icosahedral clusters in its core. Combining with the detailed theoretical calculations, the Σ9 grain-boundary atomic structure is discovered to be incommensurate with the adjacent crystal structures. The present findings shed new light on the study of stable grain-boundary atomic structures in crystalline materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehito Seki
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 2-11-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Futazuka
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 2-11-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Nobusato Morishige
- Kyushu R&D Laboratory, Nippon Steel Corporation, 1-1 Tobihatacho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka, 804-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Matsubara
- Steel Research Laboratories, Nippon Steel Corporation, 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu-shi, Chiba, 293-8511, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ikuhara
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 2-11-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, 2-4-1 Mutsuno, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya, 456-8587, Japan
| | - Naoya Shibata
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 2-11-16, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
- Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, 2-4-1 Mutsuno, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya, 456-8587, Japan.
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
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11
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Schuermans N, El Chehadeh S, Hemelsoet D, Gautheron J, Vantyghem MC, Nouioua S, Tazir M, Vigouroux C, Auclair M, Bogaert E, Dufour S, Okawa F, Hilbert P, Van Doninck N, Taquet MC, Rosseel T, De Clercq G, Debackere E, Van Haverbeke C, Cherif FR, Urtizberea JA, Chanson JB, Funalot B, Authier FJ, Kaya S, Terryn W, Callens S, Depypere B, Van Dorpe J, Poppe B, Impens F, Mizushima N, Depienne C, Jéru I, Dermaut B. Loss of phospholipase PLAAT3 causes a mixed lipodystrophic and neurological syndrome due to impaired PPARγ signaling. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1929-1940. [PMID: 37919452 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01535-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase A/acyltransferase 3 (PLAAT3) is a phospholipid-modifying enzyme predominantly expressed in neural and white adipose tissue (WAT). It is a potential drug target for metabolic syndrome, as Plaat3 deficiency in mice protects against diet-induced obesity. We identified seven patients from four unrelated consanguineous families, with homozygous loss-of-function variants in PLAAT3, who presented with a lipodystrophy syndrome with loss of fat varying from partial to generalized and associated with metabolic complications, as well as variable neurological features including demyelinating neuropathy and intellectual disability. Multi-omics analysis of mouse Plaat3-/- and patient-derived WAT showed enrichment of arachidonic acid-containing membrane phospholipids and a strong decrease in the signaling of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), the master regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Accordingly, CRISPR-Cas9-mediated PLAAT3 inactivation in human adipose stem cells induced insulin resistance, altered adipocyte differentiation with decreased lipid droplet formation and reduced the expression of adipogenic and mature adipocyte markers, including PPARγ. These findings establish PLAAT3 deficiency as a hereditary lipodystrophy syndrome with neurological manifestations, caused by a PPARγ-dependent defect in WAT differentiation and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Schuermans
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Salima El Chehadeh
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace (IGMA), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS-UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale, UMRS_1112, Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace (IGMA), Université de Strasbourg et INSERM, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Jérémie Gautheron
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Marie-Christine Vantyghem
- Endocrinology, Diabetology, Metabolism Department, National Competence Centre for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
- University of Lille, INSERM U1190, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Sonia Nouioua
- Department of Neurology of the EHS of Cherchell, University Centre of Blida, Tipaza, Algeria
- NeuroSciences Research Laboratory, University of Algiers Benyoucef Benkhedda, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Meriem Tazir
- NeuroSciences Research Laboratory, University of Algiers Benyoucef Benkhedda, Algiers, Algeria
- Department of Neurology, CHU Algiers (Mustapha Pacha Hospital), Algiers, Algeria
| | - Corinne Vigouroux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, National Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Reproductive Endocrinology, and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Paris, France
| | - Martine Auclair
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Saint-Antoine University Hospital, National Reference Center for Rare Diseases of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity (PRISIS), Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Reproductive Endocrinology, and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Paris, France
| | - Elke Bogaert
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara Dufour
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Proteomics Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fumiya Okawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Pascale Hilbert
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Pathology and Genetics, Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Nike Van Doninck
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, General Hospital VITAZ, Sint-Niklaas, Belgium
| | - Marie-Caroline Taquet
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nutrition, Hopitaux Universitaires Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Toon Rosseel
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Griet De Clercq
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Elke Debackere
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Ferroudja Ramdane Cherif
- Department of Neurology of the EHS of Cherchell, University Centre of Blida, Tipaza, Algeria
- NeuroSciences Research Laboratory, University of Algiers Benyoucef Benkhedda, Algiers, Algeria
| | | | - Jean-Baptiste Chanson
- Service de Neurologie et Centre de Référence Neuromusculaire Nord/Est/Ile de France, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Strasbourg, France
| | - Benoit Funalot
- Department of Medical Genetics, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
- INSERM UMR955, Team Relaix, Faculty of Medicine, Créteil, France
| | - François-Jérôme Authier
- INSERM UMR955, Team Relaix, Faculty of Medicine, Créteil, France
- Centre Expert de Pathologie Neuromusculaire/Histologie, Département de Pathologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris-Est-Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Sabine Kaya
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wim Terryn
- Department of Nephrology, Jan Yperman Hospital, Ieper, Belgium
| | - Steven Callens
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bernard Depypere
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Van Dorpe
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruce Poppe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francis Impens
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Proteomics Core, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Christel Depienne
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U1258, CNRS-UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Jéru
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
- Department of Medical Genetics, DMU BioGeM, Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Bart Dermaut
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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12
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Oishi S, Moriyama M, Mizutani M, Futahashi R, Fukatsu T. Regulation and remodeling of microbial symbiosis in insect metamorphosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2304879120. [PMID: 37769258 PMCID: PMC10556603 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2304879120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Many insects are dependent on microbial mutualists, which are often harbored in specialized symbiotic organs. Upon metamorphosis, insect organs are drastically reorganized. What mechanism regulates the remodeling of the symbiotic organ upon metamorphosis? How does it affect the microbial symbiont therein? Here, we addressed these fundamental issues of symbiosis by experimentally manipulating insect metamorphosis. The stinkbug Plautia stali possesses a midgut symbiotic organ wherein an essential bacterial symbiont resides. By RNAi of master regulator genes for metamorphosis, Kr-h1 over nymphal traits and E93 over adult traits, we generated precocious adults and supernumerary nymphs of P. stali, thereby disentangling the effects of metamorphosis, growth level, developmental stage, and other factors on the symbiotic system. Upon metamorphosis, the symbiotic organ of P. stali was transformed from nymph type to adult type. The supernumerary nymphs and the precocious adults, respectively, developed nymph-type and adult-type symbiotic organs not only morphologically but also transcriptomically, uncovering that metamorphic remodeling of the symbiotic organ is under the control of the MEKRE93 pathway. Transcriptomic, cytological, and biochemical analyses unveiled that the structural and transcriptomic remodeling of the symbiotic organ toward adult emergence underpins its functional extension to food digestion in addition to the original role of symbiont retention for essential nutrient production. Notably, we found that the symbiotic bacteria in the adult-type symbiotic organ up-regulated genes for production of sulfur-containing essential amino acids, methionine and cysteine, that are rich in eggs and sperm, uncovering adult-specific symbiont functioning for host reproduction and highlighting intricate host-symbiont interactions associated with insect metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayumi Oishi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 113-0033Tokyo, Japan
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 305-8566Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Minoru Moriyama
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 305-8566Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Masaki Mizutani
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 305-8566Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Ryo Futahashi
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 305-8566Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Takema Fukatsu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 113-0033Tokyo, Japan
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 305-8566Tsukuba, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 305-8572Tsukuba, Japan
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13
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Millius A, Yamada RG, Fujishima H, Maeda K, Standley DM, Sumiyama K, Perrin D, Ueda HR. Circadian ribosome profiling reveals a role for the Period2 upstream open reading frame in sleep. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2214636120. [PMID: 37769257 PMCID: PMC10556633 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2214636120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Many mammalian proteins have circadian cycles of production and degradation, and many of these rhythms are altered posttranscriptionally. We used ribosome profiling to examine posttranscriptional control of circadian rhythms by quantifying RNA translation in the liver over a 24-h period from circadian-entrained mice transferred to constant darkness conditions and by comparing ribosome binding levels to protein levels for 16 circadian proteins. We observed large differences in ribosome binding levels compared to protein levels, and we observed delays between peak ribosome binding and peak protein abundance. We found extensive binding of ribosomes to upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in circadian mRNAs, including the core clock gene Period2 (Per2). An increase in the number of uORFs in the 5'UTR was associated with a decrease in ribosome binding in the main coding sequence and a reduction in expression of synthetic reporter constructs. Mutation of the Per2 uORF increased luciferase and fluorescence reporter expression in 3T3 cells and increased luciferase expression in PER2:LUC MEF cells. Mutation of the Per2 uORF in mice increased Per2 mRNA expression, enhanced ribosome binding on Per2, and reduced total sleep time compared to that in wild-type mice. These results suggest that uORFs affect mRNA posttranscriptionally, which can impact physiological rhythms and sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Millius
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory for Host Defense, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Rikuhiro G. Yamada
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujishima
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Maeda
- Laboratory for Host Defense, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Daron M. Standley
- Laboratory for Systems Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
| | - Kenta Sumiyama
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya464-8601, Japan
| | - Dimitri Perrin
- School of Computer Science, Queensland University of Technology, BrisbaneQLD 4000, Australia
- Centre for Data Science, Queensland University of Technology, BrisbaneQLD 4000, Australia
| | - Hiroki R. Ueda
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Quantitative Biology Center, Suita, Osaka565-0871, Japan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo113-0033, Japan
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14
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Katoh K, Katoh Y, Kubo A, Iida M, Ikeda Y, Iwata T, Nishio H, Sugawara M, Kato D, Suematsu M, Hirai S, Kawana K. Serum Free Fatty Acid Changes Caused by High Expression of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 in Tumor Tissues Are Early Diagnostic Markers for Ovarian Cancer. Cancer Res Commun 2023; 3:1840-1852. [PMID: 37712874 PMCID: PMC10498943 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis and is difficult to detect in early stages. Therefore, developing new diagnostic markers for early-stage ovarian cancer is critical. Here, we developed a diagnostic marker for early-stage ovarian cancer on the basis of fatty acid metabolism characteristics of cancer cells. The expression of various fatty acid metabolizing enzymes such as stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) was altered in early-stage ovarian cancer tissue compared with that in normal ovarian tissue. Changes in the expression of fatty acid metabolizing enzymes, particularly SCD1, in cancer tissues were found to alter concentrations of multiple free fatty acids (FFA) in serum. We were the first to show that fatty acid metabolic characteristics in tissues are related to the FFA composition of serum. Surprisingly, patients with stage I/II ovarian cancer also showed significant changes in serum levels of eight FFAs, which can be early diagnostic markers. Finally, using statistical analysis, an optimal early diagnostic model combining oleic and arachidic acid levels, fatty acids associated with SCD1, was established and confirmed to have higher diagnostic power than CA125, regardless of histology. Thus, our newly developed diagnostic model using serum FFAs may be a powerful tool for the noninvasive early detection of ovarian cancer. SIGNIFICANCE Measurement of serum FFA levels by changes in the expression of fatty acid metabolizing enzymes in tumor tissue would allow early detection of ovarian cancer. In particular, the SCD1-associated FFAs, oleic and arachidic acid, would be powerful new screening tools for early-stage ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanoko Katoh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Katoh
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiko Kubo
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Iida
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Iwata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Sugawara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Kato
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Suematsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- WPI-Bio2Q Research Center and Central Institute for Experimental Animals, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Shuichi Hirai
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Kawana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Tsutsumi M, Saito N, Koyabu D, Furusawa C. A deep learning approach for morphological feature extraction based on variational auto-encoder: an application to mandible shape. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:30. [PMID: 37407628 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Shape measurements are crucial for evolutionary and developmental biology; however, they present difficulties in the objective and automatic quantification of arbitrary shapes. Conventional approaches are based on anatomically prominent landmarks, which require manual annotations by experts. Here, we develop a machine-learning approach by presenting morphological regulated variational AutoEncoder (Morpho-VAE), an image-based deep learning framework, to conduct landmark-free shape analysis. The proposed architecture combines the unsupervised and supervised learning models to reduce dimensionality by focusing on morphological features that distinguish data with different labels. We applied the method to primate mandible image data. The extracted morphological features reflected the characteristics of the families to which the organisms belonged, despite the absence of correlation between the extracted morphological features and phylogenetic distance. Furthermore, we demonstrated the reconstruction of missing segments from incomplete images. The proposed method provides a flexible and promising tool for analyzing a wide variety of image data of biological shapes even those with missing segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Tsutsumi
- Graduate School of Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Nen Saito
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, 444-8787, Japan.
- Universal Biology Institute, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Daisuke Koyabu
- Research and Development Center for Precision Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-2 Kasuga, Tsukuba, 305-8550, Japan
- Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, To Yuen Building, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Chikara Furusawa
- Graduate School of Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Universal Biology Institute, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, RIKEN, 6-2-3 Furuedai, Suita, Osaka, 565-0874, Japan.
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16
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Iwasaki T, Tsuge K, Naito N, Nozaki K. Chemoselectivity change in catalytic hydrogenolysis enabling urea-reduction to formamide/amine over more reactive carbonyl compounds. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3279. [PMID: 37308470 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38997-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective transformation of a less reactive carbonyl moiety in the presence of more reactive ones can realize straightforward and environmentally benign chemical processes. However, such a transformation is highly challenging because the reactivity of carbonyl compounds, one of the most important functionalities in organic chemistry, depends on the substituents on the carbon atom. Herein, we report an Ir catalyst for the selective hydrogenolysis of urea derivatives, which are the least reactive carbonyl compounds, affording formamides and amines. Although formamide, as well as ester, amide, and carbamate substituents, are considered to be more reactive than urea, the proposed Ir catalyst tolerated these carbonyl groups and reacted with urea in a highly chemoselective manner. The proposed chemo- and regioselective hydrogenolysis allows the development of a strategy for the chemical recycling of polyurea resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Tsuge
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Naoki Naito
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
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17
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Nagao A, Nakanishi Y, Yamaguchi Y, Mishina Y, Karoji M, Toya T, Fujita T, Iwasaki S, Miyauchi K, Sakaguchi Y, Suzuki T. Quality control of protein synthesis in the early elongation stage. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2704. [PMID: 37198183 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the early stage of bacterial translation, peptidyl-tRNAs frequently dissociate from the ribosome (pep-tRNA drop-off) and are recycled by peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase. Here, we establish a highly sensitive method for profiling of pep-tRNAs using mass spectrometry, and successfully detect a large number of nascent peptides from pep-tRNAs accumulated in Escherichia coli pthts strain. Based on molecular mass analysis, we found about 20% of the peptides bear single amino-acid substitutions of the N-terminal sequences of E. coli ORFs. Detailed analysis of individual pep-tRNAs and reporter assay revealed that most of the substitutions take place at the C-terminal drop-off site and that the miscoded pep-tRNAs rarely participate in the next round of elongation but dissociate from the ribosome. These findings suggest that pep-tRNA drop-off is an active mechanism by which the ribosome rejects miscoded pep-tRNAs in the early elongation, thereby contributing to quality control of protein synthesis after peptide bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuteka Nagao
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yui Nakanishi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yutaro Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Mishina
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Minami Karoji
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Takafumi Toya
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tomoya Fujita
- RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shintaro Iwasaki
- RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8561, Japan
| | - Kenjyo Miyauchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yuriko Sakaguchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
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18
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Ogawa A, Ohira S, Kato Y, Ikuta T, Yanagida S, Mi X, Ishii Y, Kanda Y, Nishida M, Inoue A, Wei FY. Activation of the urotensin-II receptor by remdesivir induces cardiomyocyte dysfunction. Commun Biol 2023; 6:511. [PMID: 37173432 PMCID: PMC10175918 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04888-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Remdesivir is an antiviral drug used for COVID-19 treatment worldwide. Cardiovascular side effects have been associated with remdesivir; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown. Here, we performed a large-scale G-protein-coupled receptor screening in combination with structural modeling and found that remdesivir is a selective, partial agonist for urotensin-II receptor (UTS2R) through the Gαi/o-dependent AKT/ERK axis. Functionally, remdesivir treatment induced prolonged field potential and APD90 in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived cardiomyocytes and impaired contractility in both neonatal and adult cardiomyocytes, all of which mirror the clinical pathology. Importantly, remdesivir-mediated cardiac malfunctions were effectively attenuated by antagonizing UTS2R signaling. Finally, we characterized the effect of 110 single-nucleotide variants in UTS2R gene reported in genome database and found four missense variants that show gain-of-function effects in the receptor sensitivity to remdesivir. Collectively, our study illuminates a previously unknown mechanism underlying remdesivir-related cardiovascular events and that genetic variations of UTS2R gene can be a potential risk factor for cardiovascular events during remdesivir treatment, which collectively paves the way for a therapeutic opportunity to prevent such events in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Ogawa
- Department of Modomics Biology and Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Seiya Ohira
- Department of Modomics Biology and Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yuri Kato
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ikuta
- Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shota Yanagida
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Xinya Mi
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yukina Ishii
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yasunari Kanda
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences and Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8787, Japan.
| | - Asuka Inoue
- Laboratory of Molecular & Cellular Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3, Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8578, Japan.
| | - Fan-Yan Wei
- Department of Modomics Biology and Medicine, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8575, Japan.
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19
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Toyama S, Seki T, Kanitani Y, Kudo Y, Tomiya S, Ikuhara Y, Shibata N. Real-space observation of a two-dimensional electron gas at semiconductor heterointerfaces. Nat Nanotechnol 2023; 18:521-528. [PMID: 36941362 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01349-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mobile charge carriers are essential components in high-performance, nano-engineered semiconductor devices. Employing charge carriers confined to heterointerfaces, the so-called two-dimensional electron gas, is essential for improving device performance. The real-space visualization of a two-dimensional electron gas at the nanometre scale is desirable. However, it is challenging to accomplish by means of electron microscopy due to an unavoidable strong diffraction contrast formation at the heterointerfaces. We performed direct, nanoscale electric field imaging across a GaN-based semiconductor heterointerface using differential phase contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy by suppressing diffraction contrasts. For both nearly the lattice-matched GaN/Al0.81In0.19N interface and pseudomorphic GaN/Al0.88In0.12N interface, the extracted quantitative electric field profiles show excellent agreement with profiles predicted using Poisson simulation. Furthermore, we used the electric field profiles to quantify the density and distribution of the two-dimensional electron gas across the heterointerfaces with nanometre precision. This study is expected to guide the real-space characterization of local charge carrier density and distribution in semiconductor devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Toyama
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehito Seki
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan.
| | - Yuya Kanitani
- Sony Group Corporation, Atsugi, Japan
- Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kudo
- Sony Group Corporation, Atsugi, Japan
- Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Shigetaka Tomiya
- Sony Group Corporation, Atsugi, Japan
- Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation, Atsugi, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ikuhara
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Naoya Shibata
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Nanostructures Research Laboratory, Japan Fine Ceramics Center, Nagoya, Japan.
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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20
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Kiefer JST, Bauer E, Okude G, Fukatsu T, Kaltenpoth M, Engl T. Cuticle supplementation and nitrogen recycling by a dual bacterial symbiosis in a family of xylophagous beetles. ISME J 2023:10.1038/s41396-023-01415-y. [PMID: 37085551 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01415-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Many insects engage in stable nutritional symbioses with bacteria that supplement limiting essential nutrients to their host. While several plant sap-feeding Hemipteran lineages are known to be simultaneously associated with two or more endosymbionts with complementary biosynthetic pathways to synthesize amino acids or vitamins, such co-obligate symbioses have not been functionally characterized in other insect orders. Here, we report on the characterization of a dual co-obligate, bacteriome-localized symbiosis in a family of xylophagous beetles using comparative genomics, fluorescence microscopy, and phylogenetic analyses. Across the beetle family Bostrichidae, most investigated species harbored the Bacteroidota symbiont Shikimatogenerans bostrichidophilus that encodes the shikimate pathway to produce tyrosine precursors in its severely reduced genome, likely supplementing the beetles' cuticle biosynthesis, sclerotisation, and melanisation. One clade of Bostrichid beetles additionally housed the co-obligate symbiont Bostrichicola ureolyticus that is inferred to complement the function of Shikimatogenerans by recycling urea and provisioning the essential amino acid lysine, thereby providing additional benefits on nitrogen-poor diets. Both symbionts represent ancient associations within the Bostrichidae that have subsequently experienced genome erosion and co-speciation with their hosts. While Bostrichicola was repeatedly lost, Shikimatogenerans has been retained throughout the family and exhibits a perfect pattern of co-speciation. Our results reveal that co-obligate symbioses with complementary metabolic capabilities occur beyond the well-known sap-feeding Hemiptera and highlight the importance of symbiont-mediated cuticle supplementation and nitrogen recycling for herbivorous beetles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Simon Thilo Kiefer
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eugen Bauer
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Genta Okude
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8566, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takema Fukatsu
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8566, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8571, Japan
| | - Martin Kaltenpoth
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Insect Symbiosis, Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Engl
- Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
- Department of Insect Symbiosis, Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany.
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21
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Kuga N, Nakayama R, Morikawa S, Yagishita H, Konno D, Shiozaki H, Honjoya N, Ikegaya Y, Sasaki T. Hippocampal sharp wave ripples underlie stress susceptibility in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2105. [PMID: 37080967 PMCID: PMC10119298 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37736-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The ventral hippocampus (vHC) is a core brain region for emotional memory. Here, we examined how the vHC regulates stress susceptibility from the level of gene expression to neuronal population dynamics in male mice. Transcriptome analysis of samples from stress-naïve mice revealed that intrinsic calbindin (Calb1) expression in the vHC is associated with susceptibility to social defeat stress. Mice with Calb1 gene knockdown in the vHC exhibited increased stress resilience and failed to show the increase in the poststress ventral hippocampal sharp wave ripple (SWR) rate. Poststress vHC SWRs triggered synchronous reactivation of stress memory-encoding neuronal ensembles and facilitated information transfer to the amygdala. Suppression of poststress vHC SWRs by real-time feedback stimulation or walking prevented social behavior deficits. Taken together, our results demonstrate that internal reactivation of memories of negative stressful episodes supported by ventral hippocampal SWRs serves as a crucial neurophysiological substrate for determining stress susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahoko Kuga
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ryota Nakayama
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shota Morikawa
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Haruya Yagishita
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Daichi Konno
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Laboratory of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiromi Shiozaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Natsumi Honjoya
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Center for Information and Neural Networks, 1-4 Yamadaoka, Suita City, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takuya Sasaki
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8578, Japan.
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22
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Nakamura K, Kubota R, Aoyama T, Urayama K, Hamachi I. Four distinct network patterns of supramolecular/polymer composite hydrogels controlled by formation kinetics and interfiber interactions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1696. [PMID: 36973291 PMCID: PMC10042874 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic composite hydrogels comprising supramolecular fibers and covalent polymers have attracted considerable attention because their properties are similar to biological connective tissues. However, an in-depth analysis of the network structures has not been performed. In this study, we discovered the composite network can be categorized into four distinct patterns regarding morphology and colocalization of the components using in situ, real-time confocal imaging. Time-lapse imaging of the network formation process reveals that the patterns are governed by two factors, the order of the network formation and the interactions between the two different fibers. Additionally, the imaging studies revealed a unique composite hydrogel undergoing dynamic network remodeling on the scale of a hundred micrometers to more than one millimeter. Such dynamic properties allow for fracture-induced artificial patterning of a network three dimensionally. This study introduces a valuable guideline to the design of hierarchical composite soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Nakamura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryou Kubota
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Takuma Aoyama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
- JST-ERATO, Hamachi Innovative Molecular Technology for Neuroscience, Kyoto, Japan.
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23
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Sugimoto S, Kinjo Y. Instantaneous Clearing of Biofilm (iCBiofilm): an optical approach to revisit bacterial and fungal biofilm imaging. Commun Biol 2023; 6:38. [PMID: 36690667 PMCID: PMC9870912 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04396-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole-biofilm imaging at single-cell resolution is necessary for system-level analysis of cellular heterogeneity, identification of key matrix component functions and response to immune cells and antimicrobials. To this end, we developed a whole-biofilm clearing and imaging method, termed instantaneous clearing of biofilm (iCBiofilm). iCBiofilm is a simple, rapid, and efficient method involving the immersion of biofilm samples in a refractive index-matching medium, enabling instant whole-biofilm imaging with confocal laser scanning microscopy. We also developed non-fixing iCBiofilm, enabling live and dynamic imaging of biofilm development and actions of antimicrobials. iCBiofilm is applicable for multicolor imaging of fluorescent proteins, immunostained matrix components, and fluorescence labeled cells in biofilms with a thickness of several hundred micrometers. iCBiofilm is scalable from bacterial to fungal biofilms and can be used to observe biofilm-neutrophil interactions. iCBiofilm therefore represents an important advance for examining the dynamics and functions of biofilms and revisiting bacterial and fungal biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Sugimoto
- Department of Bacteriology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
- Jikei Center for Biofilm Science and Technology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan.
| | - Yuki Kinjo
- Department of Bacteriology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
- Jikei Center for Biofilm Science and Technology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8461, Japan
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24
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Kikuchi Y, Toyofuku M, Ichinaka Y, Kiyokawa T, Obana N, Nomura N, Taoka A. Physical Properties and Shifting of the Extracellular Membrane Vesicles Attached to Living Bacterial Cell Surfaces. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0216522. [PMID: 36383005 PMCID: PMC9769862 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02165-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cells release nanometer-sized extracellular membrane vesicles (MVs) to deliver cargo molecules for use in mediating various biological processes. However, the detailed processes of transporting these cargos from MVs to recipient cells remain unclear because of the lack of imaging techniques to image nanometer-sized fragile vesicles in a living bacterial cell surface. Herein, we quantitatively demonstrated that the direct binding of MV to the cell surface significantly promotes hydrophobic quorum-sensing signal (C16-HSL) transportation to the recipient cells. Moreover, we analyzed the MV-binding process in the Paracoccus denitrificans cell surface using high-speed atomic force microscopy phase imaging. Although MV shapes were unaltered after binding to the cell surface, the physical properties of a group of single MV particles were shifted. Additionally, the phase shift values of MVs were higher than that of the cell's surfaces upon binding, whereas the phase shift values of the group of MVs were decreased during observation. The shifting physical properties occurred irreversibly only once for each MV during the observations. The decreasing phase shift values indicated alterations of chemical components in the MVs as well, thereby suggesting the dynamic process in which single MV particles deliver their hydrophobic cargo into the recipient cell. IMPORTANCE Compared to the increasing knowledge about MV release mechanisms from donor cells, the mechanism by which recipient cells receive cargo from MVs remains unknown. Herein, we have successfully imaged single MV-binding processes in living bacterial cell surfaces. Accordingly, we confirmed the shift in the MV hydrophobic properties after landing on the cell surface. Our results showed the detailed states and the attaching process of a single MV into the cell surface and can aid the development of a new model for MV reception into Gram-negative bacterial cell surfaces. The insight provided by this study is significant for understanding MV-mediated cell-cell communication mechanisms. Moreover, the AFM technique presented for nanometer-scaled mapping of dynamic physical properties alteration on a living cell could be applied for the analyses of various biological phenomena occurring on the cell surface, and it gives us a new view into the understanding of the phenotypes of the bacterial cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Kikuchi
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Japan
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masanori Toyofuku
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan
- Suntory Rising Stars Encouragement Program in Life Sciences (SunRiSE), Seika, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Ichinaka
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Kiyokawa
- Graduate of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nozomu Obana
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Nomura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Azuma Taoka
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Japan
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Japan
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25
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Shirasawa R, Takemura I, Hattori S, Nagata Y. A semi-automated material exploration scheme to predict the solubilities of tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives. Commun Chem 2022; 5:158. [PMID: 36697881 PMCID: PMC9814751 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00770-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Acceleration of material discovery has been tackled by informatics and laboratory automation. Here we show a semi-automated material exploration scheme to modelize the solubility of tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives. The scheme involved the following steps: definition of a practical chemical search space, prioritization of molecules in the space using an extended algorithm for submodular function maximization without requiring biased variable selection or pre-existing data, synthesis & automated measurement, and machine-learning model estimation. The optimal evaluation order selected using the algorithm covered several similar molecules (32% of all targeted molecules, whereas that obtained by random sampling and uncertainty sampling was ~7% and ~4%, respectively) with a small number of evaluations (10 molecules: 0.13% of all targeted molecules). The derived binary classification models predicted 'good solvents' with an accuracy >0.8. Overall, we confirmed the effectivity of the proposed semi-automated scheme in early-stage material search projects for accelerating a wider range of material research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raku Shirasawa
- Advanced Research Laboratory, R&D Center, Sony Group Corporation, Atsugi Tec. 4-14-1 Asahi-cho, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa, 243-0014, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Takemura
- Tokyo Laboratory 26, R&D Center, Sony Group Corporation, Atsugi Tec. 4-14-1 Asahi-cho, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa, 243-0014, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Hattori
- Advanced Research Laboratory, R&D Center, Sony Group Corporation, Atsugi Tec. 4-14-1 Asahi-cho, Atsugi-shi, Kanagawa, 243-0014, Japan
| | - Yuuya Nagata
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University, Kita 21 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021, Japan.
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26
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Noda Y, Okada S, Suzuki T. Regulation of A-to-I RNA editing and stop codon recoding to control selenoprotein expression during skeletal myogenesis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2503. [PMID: 35523818 PMCID: PMC9076623 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30181-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein N (SELENON), a selenocysteine (Sec)-containing protein with high reductive activity, maintains redox homeostasis, thereby contributing to skeletal muscle differentiation and function. Loss-of-function mutations in SELENON cause severe neuromuscular disorders. In the early-to-middle stage of myoblast differentiation, SELENON maintains redox homeostasis and modulates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ concentration, resulting in a gradual reduction from the middle-to-late stages due to unknown mechanisms. The present study describes post-transcriptional mechanisms that regulate SELENON expression during myoblast differentiation. Part of an Alu element in the second intron of SELENON pre-mRNA is frequently exonized during splicing, resulting in an aberrant mRNA that is degraded by nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). In the middle stage of myoblast differentiation, ADAR1-mediated A-to-I RNA editing occurs in the U1 snRNA binding site at 5' splice site, preventing Alu exonization and producing mature mRNA. In the middle-to-late stage of myoblast differentiation, the level of Sec-charged tRNASec decreases due to downregulation of essential recoding factors for Sec insertion, thereby generating a premature termination codon in SELENON mRNA, which is targeted by NMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Noda
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Shunpei Okada
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enyacho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
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27
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Osakada T, Abe T, Itakura T, Mori H, Ishii KK, Eguchi R, Murata K, Saito K, Haga-Yamanaka S, Kimoto H, Yoshihara Y, Miyamichi K, Touhara K. Hemoglobin in the blood acts as a chemosensory signal via the mouse vomeronasal system. Nat Commun 2022; 13:556. [PMID: 35115521 PMCID: PMC8814178 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28118-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The vomeronasal system plays an essential role in sensing various environmental chemical cues. Here we show that mice exposed to blood and, consequently, hemoglobin results in the activation of vomeronasal sensory neurons expressing a specific vomeronasal G protein-coupled receptor, Vmn2r88, which is mediated by the interaction site, Gly17, on hemoglobin. The hemoglobin signal reaches the medial amygdala (MeA) in both male and female mice. However, it activates the dorsal part of ventromedial hypothalamus (VMHd) only in lactating female mice. As a result, in lactating mothers, hemoglobin enhances digging and rearing behavior. Manipulation of steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1)-expressing neurons in the VMHd is sufficient to induce the hemoglobin-mediated behaviors. Our results suggest that the oxygen-carrier hemoglobin plays a role as a chemosensory signal, eliciting behavioral responses in mice in a state-dependent fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Osakada
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takayuki Abe
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takumi Itakura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiromi Mori
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kentaro K Ishii
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ryo Eguchi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ken Murata
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kosuke Saito
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Sachiko Haga-Yamanaka
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kimoto
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yoshihara
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kazunari Miyamichi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazushige Touhara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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28
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Kiefer JST, Batsukh S, Bauer E, Hirota B, Weiss B, Wierz JC, Fukatsu T, Kaltenpoth M, Engl T. Inhibition of a nutritional endosymbiont by glyphosate abolishes mutualistic benefit on cuticle synthesis in Oryzaephilus surinamensis. Commun Biol 2021; 4:554. [PMID: 33976379 PMCID: PMC8113238 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02057-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glyphosate is widely used as a herbicide, but recent studies begin to reveal its detrimental side effects on animals by targeting the shikimate pathway of associated gut microorganisms. However, its impact on nutritional endosymbionts in insects remains poorly understood. Here, we sequenced the tiny, shikimate pathway encoding symbiont genome of the sawtoothed grain beetle Oryzaephilus surinamensis. Decreased titers of the aromatic amino acid tyrosine in symbiont-depleted beetles underscore the symbionts' ability to synthesize prephenate as the precursor for host tyrosine synthesis and its importance for cuticle sclerotization and melanization. Glyphosate exposure inhibited symbiont establishment during host development and abolished the mutualistic benefit on cuticle synthesis in adults, which could be partially rescued by dietary tyrosine supplementation. Furthermore, phylogenetic analyses indicate that the shikimate pathways of many nutritional endosymbionts likewise contain a glyphosate sensitive 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase. These findings highlight the importance of symbiont-mediated tyrosine supplementation for cuticle biosynthesis in insects, but also paint an alarming scenario regarding the use of glyphosate in light of recent declines in insect populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Simon Thilo Kiefer
- Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Suvdanselengee Batsukh
- Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eugen Bauer
- Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bin Hirota
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Benjamin Weiss
- Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Research Group Insect Symbiosis, Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen C Wierz
- Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Takema Fukatsu
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Martin Kaltenpoth
- Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Research Group Insect Symbiosis, Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
- Department of Insect Symbiosis, Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Tobias Engl
- Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
- Research Group Insect Symbiosis, Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany.
- Department of Insect Symbiosis, Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany.
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29
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Nakamura A, Kurihara S, Takahashi D, Ohashi W, Nakamura Y, Kimura S, Onuki M, Kume A, Sasazawa Y, Furusawa Y, Obata Y, Fukuda S, Saiki S, Matsumoto M, Hase K. Symbiotic polyamine metabolism regulates epithelial proliferation and macrophage differentiation in the colon. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2105. [PMID: 33833232 PMCID: PMC8032791 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota-derived metabolites have biological importance for the host. Polyamines, such as putrescine and spermidine, are produced by the intestinal microbiota and regulate multiple biological processes. Increased colonic luminal polyamines promote longevity in mice. However, no direct evidence has shown that microbial polyamines are incorporated into host cells to regulate cellular responses. Here, we show that microbial polyamines reinforce colonic epithelial proliferation and regulate macrophage differentiation. Colonisation by wild-type, but not polyamine biosynthesis-deficient, Escherichia coli in germ-free mice raises intracellular polyamine levels in colonocytes, accelerating epithelial renewal. Commensal bacterium-derived putrescine increases the abundance of anti-inflammatory macrophages in the colon. The bacterial polyamines ameliorate symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. These effects mainly result from enhanced hypusination of eukaryotic initiation translation factor. We conclude that bacterial putrescine functions as a substrate for symbiotic metabolism and is further absorbed and metabolised by the host, thus helping maintain mucosal homoeostasis in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuo Nakamura
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Dairy Science and Technology Institute, Kyodo Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Hinode-machi, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Kurihara
- Faculty of Bioresources and Environmental Sciences, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, Japan
- Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, Kinokawa, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wakana Ohashi
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakamura
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Onuki
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aiko Kume
- Dairy Science and Technology Institute, Kyodo Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Hinode-machi, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Sasazawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Furusawa
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Toyama Prefectural University, Kurokawa, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yuuki Obata
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Shinji Fukuda
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
- Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Intestinal Microbiota Project, Kanagawa Institute of Industrial Science and Technology, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Saiki
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Matsumoto
- Dairy Science and Technology Institute, Kyodo Milk Industry Co., Ltd., Hinode-machi, Nishitama-gun, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Koji Hase
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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30
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Matsuno T, Ohtomo Y, Someya M, Isobe H. Stereoselectivity in spontaneous assembly of rolled incommensurate carbon bilayers. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1575. [PMID: 33692364 PMCID: PMC7946902 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21889-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The periodicity of two-dimensional entities can be manipulated by their stacking assembly, and incommensurate stacks of bilayers are attracting considerable interest in materials science. Stereoisomerism in incommensurate bilayers was first noted with incommensurate double-wall carbon nanotubes composed of helical carbon networks, but the lack of structural information hampered the chemical understanding such as the stereoselectivity during bilayer formation. In this study, we construct a finite molecular version of incommensurate carbon bilayers by assembling two helical cylindrical molecules in solution. An outer cylindrical molecule is designed to encapsulate a small-bore helical cylindrical molecule, and the spontaneous assembly of coaxial complexes proceeds in a stereoselective manner in solution with a preference for heterohelical combinations over diastereomeric, homohelical combinations. The rational design of incommensurate bilayers for material applications may be facilitated by the design and development of molecular versions with discrete structures with atomic precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Matsuno
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yutaro Ohtomo
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maki Someya
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Isobe
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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31
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Kamei Y, Seino Y, Yamaguchi Y, Yoshino T, Maeda S, Kojima M, Matsunaga S. Silane- and peroxide-free hydrogen atom transfer hydrogenation using ascorbic acid and cobalt-photoredox dual catalysis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:966. [PMID: 33574227 PMCID: PMC7878493 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20872-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) hydrogenation has recently emerged as an indispensable method for the chemoselective reduction of unactivated alkenes. However, the hitherto reported systems basically require stoichiometric amounts of silanes and peroxides, which prevents wider applications, especially with respect to sustainability and safety concerns. Herein, we report a silane- and peroxide-free HAT hydrogenation using a combined cobalt/photoredox catalysis and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) as a sole stoichiometric reactant. A cobalt salophen complex is identified as the optimal cocatalyst for this environmentally benign HAT hydrogenation in aqueous media, which exhibits high functional-group tolerance. In addition to its applicability in the late-stage hydrogenation of amino-acid derivatives and drug molecules, this method offers unique advantage in direct transformation of unprotected sugar derivatives and allows the HAT hydrogenation of unprotected C-glycoside in higher yield compared to previously reported HAT hydrogenation protocols. The proposed mechanism is supported by experimental and theoretical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kamei
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yusuke Seino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yuto Yamaguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Yoshino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 001-0021, Japan
- Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
- JST, ERATO Maeda Artificial Intelligence for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery Project, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kojima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
- Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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32
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Kato S, Furukawa S, Aoki D, Goseki R, Oikawa K, Tsuchiya K, Shimada N, Maruyama A, Numata K, Otsuka H. Crystallization-induced mechanofluorescence for visualization of polymer crystallization. Nat Commun 2021; 12:126. [PMID: 33402691 PMCID: PMC7785725 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth of lamellar crystals has been studied in particular for spherulites in polymeric materials. Even though such spherulitic structures and their growth are of crucial importance for the mechanical and optical properties of the resulting polymeric materials, several issues regarding the residual stress remain unresolved in the wider context of crystal growth. To gain further insight into micro-mechanical forces during the crystallization process of lamellar crystals in polymeric materials, herein, we introduce tetraarylsuccinonitrile (TASN), which generates relatively stable radicals with yellow fluorescence upon homolytic cleavage at the central C-C bond in response to mechanical stress, into crystalline polymers. The obtained crystalline polymers with TASN at the center of the polymer chain allow not only to visualize the stress arising from micro-mechanical forces during polymer crystallization via fluorescence microscopy but also to evaluate the micro-mechanical forces upon growing polymer lamellar crystals by electron paramagnetic resonance, which is able to detect the radicals generated during polymer crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sota Kato
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Shigeki Furukawa
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aoki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Raita Goseki
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan
| | - Kazusato Oikawa
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kousuke Tsuchiya
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naohiko Shimada
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Atsushi Maruyama
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8501, Japan
| | - Keiji Numata
- Biomacromolecules Research Team, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Otsuka
- Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8550, Japan.
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33
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Shigemitsu H, Kubota R, Nakamura K, Matsuzaki T, Minami S, Aoyama T, Urayama K, Hamachi I. Protein-responsive protein release of supramolecular/polymer hydrogel composite integrating enzyme activation systems. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3859. [PMID: 32737298 PMCID: PMC7395795 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-enzymatic proteins including antibodies function as biomarkers and are used as biopharmaceuticals in several diseases. Protein-responsive soft materials capable of the controlled release of drugs and proteins have potential for use in next-generation diagnosis and therapies. Here, we describe a supramolecular/agarose hydrogel composite that can release a protein in response to a non-enzymatic protein. A non-enzymatic protein-responsive system is developed by hybridization of an enzyme-sensitive supramolecular hydrogel with a protein-triggered enzyme activation set. In situ imaging shows that the supramolecular/agarose hydrogel composite consists of orthogonal domains of supramolecular fibers and agarose, which play distinct roles in protein entrapment and mechanical stiffness, respectively. Integrating the enzyme activation set with the composite allows for controlled release of the embedded RNase in response to an antibody. Such composite hydrogels would be promising as a matrix embedded in a body, which can autonomously release biopharmaceuticals by sensing biomarker proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Shigemitsu
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryou Kubota
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakamura
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Matsuzaki
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Saori Minami
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Takuma Aoyama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Itaru Hamachi
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Katsura, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
- JST-ERATO, Hamachi Innovative Molecular Technology for Neuroscience, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8530, Japan.
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34
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Sawada R, Iwasaki Y, Ishida M. Model-Free Cluster Analysis of Physical Property Data using Information Maximizing Self-Argument Training. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7903. [PMID: 32404915 PMCID: PMC7221089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We present semi-supervised information maximizing self-argument training (IMSAT), a neural network-based classification method that works without the preparation of labeled data. Semi-supervised IMSAT can amplify specific differences and avoid undesirable misclassification in accordance with the purpose. We demonstrate that semi-supervised IMSAT has a comparable performance with existing methods for semi-supervised learning of image classification and can also classify real experimental data (X-ray diffraction patterns and thermoelectric hysteresis curves) in the same way even though their shape and dimensions are different. Our algorithm will contribute to the automation of big data processing and artificial intelligence-driven material development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohto Sawada
- System Platform Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation, Tsukuba, 305-8501, Japan.
| | - Yuma Iwasaki
- System Platform Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation, Tsukuba, 305-8501, Japan
- PRESTO, JST, Saitama, 322-0012, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ishida
- System Platform Research Laboratories, NEC Corporation, Tsukuba, 305-8501, Japan
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35
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Miyawaki T, Morikawa S, Susaki EA, Nakashima A, Takeuchi H, Yamaguchi S, Ueda HR, Ikegaya Y. Visualization and molecular characterization of whole-brain vascular networks with capillary resolution. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1104. [PMID: 32107377 PMCID: PMC7046771 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14786-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural elucidation and molecular scrutiny of cerebral vasculature is crucial for understanding the functions and diseases of the brain. Here, we introduce SeeNet, a method for near-complete three-dimensional visualization of cerebral vascular networks with high signal-to-noise ratios compatible with molecular phenotyping. SeeNet employs perfusion of a multifunctional crosslinker, vascular casting by temperature-controlled polymerization of hybrid hydrogels, and a bile salt-based tissue-clearing technique optimized for observation of vascular connectivity. SeeNet is capable of whole-brain visualization of molecularly characterized cerebral vasculatures at the single-microvessel level. Moreover, SeeNet reveals a hitherto unidentified vascular pathway bridging cerebral and hippocampal vessels, thus serving as a potential tool to evaluate the connectivity of cerebral vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeyuki Miyawaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shota Morikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Etsuo A Susaki
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ai Nakashima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruki Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Social Cooperation Program of Evolutional Chemical Safety Assessment System, LECSAS, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shun Yamaguchi
- Department of Morphological Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroki R Ueda
- Department of Systems Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Synthetic Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka, Japan
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Ikegaya
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Information and Neural Networks, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Osaka, Japan
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36
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Abstract
Autophagy is a major intracellular degradation system that derives its degradative abilities from the lysosome. The most well-studied form of autophagy is macroautophagy, which delivers cytoplasmic material to lysosomes via the double-membraned autophagosome. Other forms of autophagy, namely chaperone-mediated autophagy and microautophagy, occur directly on the lysosome. Besides providing the means for degradation, lysosomes are also involved in autophagy regulation and can become substrates of autophagy when damaged. During autophagy, they exhibit notable changes, including increased acidification, enhanced enzymatic activity, and perinuclear localization. Despite their importance to autophagy, details on autophagy-specific regulation of lysosomes remain relatively scarce. This review aims to provide a summary of current understanding on the behaviour of lysosomes during autophagy and outline unexplored areas of autophagy-specific lysosome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willa Wen-You Yim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Noboru Mizushima
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
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37
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Ezaki T, Fonseca Dos Reis E, Watanabe T, Sakaki M, Masuda N. Closer to critical resting-state neural dynamics in individuals with higher fluid intelligence. Commun Biol 2020; 3:52. [PMID: 32015402 PMCID: PMC6997374 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0774-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the critical brain hypothesis, the brain is considered to operate near criticality and realize efficient neural computations. Despite the prior theoretical and empirical evidence in favor of the hypothesis, no direct link has been provided between human cognitive performance and the neural criticality. Here we provide such a key link by analyzing resting-state dynamics of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) networks at a whole-brain level. We develop a data-driven analysis method, inspired from statistical physics theory of spin systems, to map out the whole-brain neural dynamics onto a phase diagram. Using this tool, we show evidence that neural dynamics of human participants with higher fluid intelligence quotient scores are closer to a critical state, i.e., the boundary between the paramagnetic phase and the spin-glass (SG) phase. The present results are consistent with the notion of "edge-of-chaos" neural computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ezaki
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Takamitsu Watanabe
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Square, London, WC1N 3AZ, UK
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Michiko Sakaki
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Earley Gate, Whiteknights Road, Reading, UK
- Research Institute, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi, Japan
| | - Naoki Masuda
- Department of Engineering Mathematics, University of Bristol, Clifton, Bristol, UK.
- Department of Mathematics, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA.
- Computational and Data-Enabled Science and Engineering Program, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA.
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38
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Chen Y, Shiomi Y, Qiu Z, Niizeki T, Umeda M, Saitoh E. Electric readout of magnetic stripes in insulators. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19052. [PMID: 31836771 PMCID: PMC6911107 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55565-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In superconductors, a topological configuration of the superconducting order parameter called a superconducting vortex carries magnetization. Such a magnetic topological object behaves like a minute particle generating a magnetic flux. Since the flux is localized with a nanometer scale, the vortex provides a nano-scale probe for local magnetic fields. Here we show that information of magnetic stripes in insulators can be read out by using vortices in an adjacent superconductor film as a probe. The orientation and width of magnetic micro stripes are both transcribed into resistance change of the superconductor through the modulation of vortex mobility affected by local magnetization. By changing the direction of external magnetic fields, zero-field resistance changes continuously according to the stripe orientation, and its modulation magnitude reaches up to 100%. The width of the stripes can also be estimated from the oscillatory magnetoresistance. Our results demonstrate a new possibility for non-volatile analog memory devices based on topological objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Yuki Shiomi
- Department of Basic Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Zhiyong Qiu
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion, and Electron Beams (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Tomohiko Niizeki
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Maki Umeda
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Eiji Saitoh
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, 319-1195, Japan
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
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39
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Mamyrbayev T, Ikematsu K, Meyer P, Ershov A, Momose A, Mohr J. Super-Resolution Scanning Transmission X-Ray Imaging Using Single Biconcave Parabolic Refractive Lens Array. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14366. [PMID: 31591435 PMCID: PMC6779765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50869-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A new super resolution imaging technique which potentially enables sub-µm spatial resolution, using a detector of pixels much larger than the spatial resolution, is proposed. The method utilizes sample scanning through a large number of identical X-ray microprobes periodically spaced (the period corresponds to a multiple of the pixel size), which reduces drastically the scanning time. The information about the sample illuminated by the microprobes is stored by large detector pixels. Using these data and sample position information, a super-resolution image reconstruction is performed. With a one-dimensional (1D) high aspect ratio nickel single lens array designed for theoretically expected sub-µm microprobes at 17 keV and fabricated by deep X-ray lithography and electroforming technique, 2 µm X-ray microprobes with a period of 10 µm were achieved. We performed a first experiment at KARA synchrotron facility, and it was demonstrated that the smallest structure of a test pattern with a size of 1.5 µm could be easily resolved by using images generated from a detector having a pixel size of 10.4 µm. This new approach has a great potential for providing a new microscopic imaging modality with a large field of view and short scan time.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mamyrbayev
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - K Ikematsu
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - P Meyer
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Ershov
- Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Momose
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - J Mohr
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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40
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Nakatochi M, Kanai M, Nakayama A, Hishida A, Kawamura Y, Ichihara S, Akiyama M, Ikezaki H, Furusyo N, Shimizu S, Yamamoto K, Hirata M, Okada R, Kawai S, Kawaguchi M, Nishida Y, Shimanoe C, Ibusuki R, Takezaki T, Nakajima M, Takao M, Ozaki E, Matsui D, Nishiyama T, Suzuki S, Takashima N, Kita Y, Endoh K, Kuriki K, Uemura H, Arisawa K, Oze I, Matsuo K, Nakamura Y, Mikami H, Tamura T, Nakashima H, Nakamura T, Kato N, Matsuda K, Murakami Y, Matsubara T, Naito M, Kubo M, Kamatani Y, Shinomiya N, Yokota M, Wakai K, Okada Y, Matsuo H. Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies multiple novel loci associated with serum uric acid levels in Japanese individuals. Commun Biol 2019; 2:115. [PMID: 30993211 PMCID: PMC6453927 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0339-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gout is a common arthritis caused by elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels. Here we investigated loci influencing SUA in a genome-wide meta-analysis with 121,745 Japanese subjects. We identified 8948 variants at 36 genomic loci (P<5 × 10-8) including eight novel loci. Of these, missense variants of SESN2 and PNPLA3 were predicted to be damaging to the function of these proteins; another five loci-TMEM18, TM4SF4, MXD3-LMAN2, PSORS1C1-PSORS1C2, and HNF4A-are related to cell metabolism, proliferation, or oxidative stress; and the remaining locus, LINC01578, is unknown. We also identified 132 correlated genes whose expression levels are associated with SUA-increasing alleles. These genes are enriched for the UniProt transport term, suggesting the importance of transport-related genes in SUA regulation. Furthermore, trans-ethnic meta-analysis across our own meta-analysis and the Global Urate Genetics Consortium has revealed 15 more novel loci associated with SUA. Our findings provide insight into the pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of hyperuricemia/gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Nakatochi
- Data Science Division, Data Coordinating Center, Department of Advanced Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, 466-8560 Japan
| | - Masahiro Kanai
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, 565-0871 Japan
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Akiyoshi Nakayama
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
- Medical Squadron, Air Base Group, Western Aircraft Control and Warning Wing, Japan Air Self-Defense Force, Kasuga, 816-0804 Japan
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Yusuke Kawamura
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
- Department of General Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, 329-0498 Japan
| | - Masato Akiyama
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Norihiro Furusyo
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, 812-8582 Japan
| | - Seiko Shimizu
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, 830-0011 Japan
| | - Makoto Hirata
- Laboratory of Genome Technology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan
| | - Rieko Okada
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Sayo Kawai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Makoto Kawaguchi
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, 849-8501 Japan
| | - Chisato Shimanoe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, 849-8501 Japan
| | - Rie Ibusuki
- International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544 Japan
| | - Toshiro Takezaki
- International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890-8544 Japan
| | - Mayuko Nakajima
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Mikiya Takao
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Etsuko Ozaki
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsui
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566 Japan
| | - Takeshi Nishiyama
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
| | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, 467-8602 Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takashima
- Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192 Japan
| | - Yoshikuni Kita
- Department of Nursing, Tsuruga City College of Nursing, Fukui, 914-8501 Japan
| | - Kaori Endoh
- Laboratory of Public Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
| | - Kiyonori Kuriki
- Laboratory of Public Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526 Japan
| | - Hirokazu Uemura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Kokichi Arisawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, 770-8503 Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, 464-8681 Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Yohko Nakamura
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, 260-8717 Japan
| | - Haruo Mikami
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, 260-8717 Japan
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nakashima
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakamura
- Laboratory for Mathematics, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Norihiro Kato
- Department of Gene Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, 162-8655 Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuda
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan
| | - Yoshinori Murakami
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639 Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Matsubara
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, 464-8651 Japan
| | - Mariko Naito
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
- Department of Oral Epidemiology, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, 734-8553 Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kamatani
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Nariyoshi Shinomiya
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yokota
- Department of Genome Science, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, 464-8651 Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550 Japan
| | - Yukinori Okada
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, 565-0871 Japan
- Laboratory of Statistical Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (WPI-IFReC), Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Hirotaka Matsuo
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Bio-Nano Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, 359-8513 Japan
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