1
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Nguyen AD, Costa PC, Raizen DM. A perfect storm: sleep loss causes systemic inflammation and death. Cell Res 2024; 34:341-342. [PMID: 38212509 PMCID: PMC11061133 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-023-00924-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Paula Carvalho Costa
- Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David M Raizen
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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2
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Spangler DP, Li EY, Revi GS, Kubota JT, Cloutier J, Lauharatanahirun N. The psychological costs of behavioral immunity following COVID-19 diagnosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9899. [PMID: 38688942 PMCID: PMC11061184 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59408-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior COVID-19 infection may elevate activity of the behavioral immune system-the psychological mechanisms that foster avoidance of infection cues-to protect the individual from contracting the infection in the future. Such "adaptive behavioral immunity" may come with psychological costs, such as exacerbating the global pandemic's disruption of social and emotional processes (i.e., pandemic disruption). To investigate that idea, we tested a mediational pathway linking prior COVID infection and pandemic disruption through behavioral immunity markers, assessed with subjective emotional ratings. This was tested in a sample of 734 Mechanical Turk workers who completed study procedures online during the global pandemic (September 2021-January 2022). Behavioral immunity markers were estimated with an affective image rating paradigm. Here, participants reported experienced disgust/fear and appraisals of sickness/harm risk to images varying in emotional content. Participants self-reported on their previous COVID-19 diagnosis history and level of pandemic disruption. The findings support the proposed mediational pathway and suggest that a prior COVID-19 infection is associated with broadly elevated threat emotionality, even to neutral stimuli that do not typically elicit threat emotions. This elevated threat emotionality was in turn related to disrupted socioemotional functioning within the pandemic context. These findings inform the psychological mechanisms that might predispose COVID survivors to mental health difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek P Spangler
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Evaline Y Li
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gabriela S Revi
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer T Kubota
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
- Department of Political Science and International Relations, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Jasmin Cloutier
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Nina Lauharatanahirun
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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3
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Zheng S, Feng S, Song N, Chen G, Jia Y, Zhang G, Liu M, Li X, Ning Y, Wang D, Jia H. The role of the immune system in depersonalization disorder. World J Biol Psychiatry 2024:1-15. [PMID: 38679810 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2024.2346096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Objectives: Depersonalization-derealization disorder (DPD) is a dissociative disorder that impairs cognitive function and occupational performance. Emerging evidence indicate the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin associated with the dissociative symptoms. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of the immune system in the pathology of DPD.Methods: We screened the protein expression in serum samples of 30 DPD patients and 32 healthy controls. Using a mass spectrometry-based proteomic approach, we identified differential proteins that were verified in another group of 25 DPD patients and 30 healthy controls using immune assays. Finally, we performed a correlation analysis between the expression of differential proteins and clinical symptoms of patients with DPD.Results: We identified several dysregulated proteins in patients with DPD compared to HCs, including decreased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), complement C1q subcomponent subunit B, apolipoprotein A-IV, and increased levels of alpha-1-antichymotrypsin (SERPINA3). Moreover, the expression of CRP was positively correlated with visuospatial memory and the ability to inhibit cognitive interference of DPD. The expression of SERPINA3 was positively correlated with the ability to inhibit cognitive interference and negatively correlated with the perceptual alterations of DPD.Conclusions: The dysregulation of the immune system may be the underlying biological mechanism in DPD. And the expressions of CRP and SERPINA3 can be the potential predictors for the cognitive performance of DPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sitong Feng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyao Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Rheumatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guofu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanzhe Ning
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Mental Health Center, Hohhot, Neimenggu, China
| | - Hongxiao Jia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & National Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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4
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Medzhitov R, Iwasaki A. Exploring new perspectives in immunology. Cell 2024; 187:2079-2094. [PMID: 38670066 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Several conceptual pillars form the foundation of modern immunology, including the clonal selection theory, antigen receptor diversity, immune memory, and innate control of adaptive immunity. However, some immunological phenomena cannot be explained by the current framework. Thus, we still do not know how to design vaccines that would provide long-lasting protective immunity against certain pathogens, why autoimmune responses target some antigens and not others, or why the immune response to infection sometimes does more harm than good. Understanding some of these mysteries may require that we question existing assumptions to develop and test alternative explanations. Immunology is increasingly at a point when, once again, exploring new perspectives becomes a necessity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA; Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Tananbaum Center for Theoretical and Analytical Human Biology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA; Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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5
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Chang X, Zhang H, Chen S. Neural circuits regulating visceral pain. Commun Biol 2024; 7:457. [PMID: 38615103 PMCID: PMC11016080 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06148-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Visceral hypersensitivity, a common clinical manifestation of irritable bowel syndrome, may contribute to the development of chronic visceral pain, which is a major challenge for both patients and health providers. Neural circuits in the brain encode, store, and transfer pain information across brain regions. In this review, we focus on the anterior cingulate cortex and paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus to highlight the progress in identifying the neural circuits involved in visceral pain. We also discuss several neural circuit mechanisms and emphasize the importance of cross-species, multiangle approaches and the identification of specific neurons in determining the neural circuits that control visceral pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Chang
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
- Research Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Research Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Shaozong Chen
- Research Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
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6
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Deng L, Gillis JE, Chiu IM, Kaplan DH. Sensory neurons: An integrated component of innate immunity. Immunity 2024; 57:815-831. [PMID: 38599172 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2024.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The sensory nervous system possesses the ability to integrate exogenous threats and endogenous signals to mediate downstream effector functions. Sensory neurons have been shown to activate or suppress host defense and immunity against pathogens, depending on the tissue and disease state. Through this lens, pro- and anti-inflammatory neuroimmune effector functions can be interpreted as evolutionary adaptations by host or pathogen. Here, we discuss recent and impactful examples of neuroimmune circuitry that regulate tissue homeostasis, autoinflammation, and host defense. Apparently paradoxical or conflicting reports in the literature also highlight the complexity of neuroimmune interactions that may depend on tissue- and microbe-specific cues. These findings expand our understanding of the nuanced mechanisms and the greater context of sensory neurons in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Deng
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jacob E Gillis
- Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Daniel H Kaplan
- Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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7
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Ferro A, Arshad A, Boyd L, Stanley T, Berisha A, Vrudhula U, Gomez AM, Borniger JC, Cheadle L. The cytokine receptor Fn14 is a molecular brake on neuronal activity that mediates circadian function in vivo. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.02.587786. [PMID: 38617238 PMCID: PMC11014623 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.02.587786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
To survive, organisms must adapt to a staggering diversity of environmental signals, ranging from sensory information to pathogenic infection, across the lifespan. At the same time, organisms intrinsically generate biological oscillations, such as circadian rhythms, without input from the environment. While the nervous system is well-suited to integrate extrinsic and intrinsic cues, how the brain balances these influences to shape biological function system-wide is not well understood at the molecular level. Here, we demonstrate that the cytokine receptor Fn14, previously identified as a mediator of sensory experience-dependent synaptic refinement during brain development, regulates neuronal activity and function in adult mice in a time-of-day-dependent manner. We show that a subset of excitatory pyramidal (PYR) neurons in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus increase Fn14 expression when neuronal activity is heightened. Once expressed, Fn14 constrains the activity of these same PYR neurons, suggesting that Fn14 operates as a molecular brake on neuronal activity. Strikingly, differences in PYR neuron activity between mice lacking or expressing Fn14 were most robust at daily transitions between light and dark, and genetic ablation of Fn14 caused aberrations in circadian rhythms, sleep-wake states, and sensory-cued and spatial memory. At the cellular level, microglia contacted fewer, but larger, excitatory synapses in CA1 in the absence of Fn14, suggesting that these brain-resident immune cells may dampen neuronal activity by modifying synaptic inputs onto PYR neurons. Finally, mice lacking Fn14 exhibited heightened susceptibility to chemically induced seizures, implicating Fn14 in disorders characterized by hyperexcitation, such as epilepsy. Altogether, these findings reveal that cytokine receptors that mediates inflammation in the periphery, such as Fn14, can also play major roles in healthy neurological function in the adult brain downstream of both extrinsic and intrinsic cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Ferro
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Anosha Arshad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Leah Boyd
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Tess Stanley
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Adrian Berisha
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Uma Vrudhula
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | - Adrian M. Gomez
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
| | | | - Lucas Cheadle
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11740, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11740, USA
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8
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Binder LB, Rosa PB, de Sousa BM, Chagas LS, Dubljević O, Martineau FS, Mottarlini F, Castany S, Morton L, Krstanović F, Tassinari ID, Choconta JL, Pereira-Santos AR, Weinhard L, Pallegar PN, Vahsen BF, Lepiarz-Raba I, Compagnion AC, Lorente-Picón M. Neuro-immune interactions in health and disease: Insights from FENS-Hertie 2022 Winter School. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1977-1992. [PMID: 38311960 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
In a great partnership, the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies (FENS) and the Hertie Foundation organized the FENS-Hertie 2022 Winter School on 'Neuro-immune interactions in health and disease'. The school selected 27 PhD students and 13 postdoctoral fellows from 20 countries and involved 14 faculty members experts in the field. The Winter School focused on a rising field of research, the interactions between the nervous and both innate and adaptive immune systems under pathological and physiological conditions. A fine-tuned neuro-immune crosstalk is fundamental for healthy development, while disrupted neuro-immune communication might play a role in neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation and aging. However, much is yet to be understood about the underlying mechanisms of these neuro-immune interactions in the healthy brain and under pathological scenarios. In addition to new findings in this emerging field, novel methodologies and animal models were presented to foment research on neuro-immunology. The FENS-Hertie 2022 Winter School provided an insightful knowledge exchange between students and faculty focusing on the latest discoveries in the biology of neuro-immune interactions while fostering great academic and professional opportunities for early-career neuroscientists from around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa B Binder
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Priscila B Rosa
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience (CSAN), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Bárbara M de Sousa
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luana S Chagas
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Olga Dubljević
- Department of Neurobiology, Univerzitet u Beogradu Institut za Biološka Istraživanja Siniša Stanković, Institute for Biological Research, Beograd, Republic of Serbia
| | | | - Francesca Mottarlini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences 'Rodolfo Paoletti', Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sílvia Castany
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience (CSAN), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Lorena Morton
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Fran Krstanović
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Proteomics, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Isadora D Tassinari
- Department of Physiology, Graduate Program in Physiology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jeiny L Choconta
- Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ana Raquel Pereira-Santos
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), CIBB - Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | - Björn F Vahsen
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Oxford Motor Neuron Disease Centre, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Izabela Lepiarz-Raba
- BRAINCITY: Centre of Excellence for Neural Plasticity and Brain Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Marina Lorente-Picón
- Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
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9
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Meyer-Arndt L, Brasanac J, Gamradt S, Bellmann-Strobl J, Maurer L, Mai K, Steward T, Spranger J, Schmitz-Hübsch T, Paul F, Gold SM, Weygandt M. Body mass, neuro-hormonal stress processing, and disease activity in lean to obese people with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol 2024; 271:1584-1598. [PMID: 38010499 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-12100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Overweight and obesity can worsen disease activity in multiple sclerosis (MS). Although psychobiological stress processing is increasingly recognized as important obesity factor that is tightly connected to proinflammatory metabolic hormones and cytokines, its role for MS obesity remains unexplored. Consequently, we investigated the interplay between body mass index (BMI), neural stress processing (functional connectivity, FC), and immuno-hormonal stress parameters (salivary cortisol and T cell glucocorticoid [GC] sensitivity) in 57 people with MS (six obese, 19 over-, 28 normal-, and four underweight; 37 females, 46.4 ± 10.6 years) using an Arterial-Spin-Labeling MRI task comprising a rest and stress stage, along with quantitative PCR. Our findings revealed significant positive connections between BMI and MS disease activity (i.e., higher BMI was accompanied by higher relapse rate). BMI was positively linked to right supramarginal gyrus and anterior insula FC during rest and negatively to right superior parietal lobule and cerebellum FC during stress. BMI showed associations with GC functioning, with higher BMI associated with lower CD8+ FKBP4 expression and higher CD8+ FKBP5 expression on T cells. Finally, the expression of CD8+ FKBP4 positively correlated with the FC of right supramarginal gyrus and left superior parietal lobule during rest. Overall, our study provides evidence that body mass is tied to neuro-hormonal stress processing in people with MS. The observed pattern of associations between BMI, neural networks, and GC functioning suggests partial overlap between neuro-hormonal and neural-body mass networks. Ultimately, the study underscores the clinical importance of understanding multi-system crosstalk in MS obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lil Meyer-Arndt
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jelena Brasanac
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gamradt
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Bellmann-Strobl
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas Maurer
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 13347, Berlin, Germany
| | - Knut Mai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 13347, Berlin, Germany
| | - Trevor Steward
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Redmond Barry Building #817, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Joachim Spranger
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Max Rubner Center for Cardiovascular-Metabolic-Renal Research, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, 13347, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Schmitz-Hübsch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan M Gold
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 12203, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Weygandt
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a cooperation between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Drzewiecki CM, Fox AS. Understanding the heterogeneity of anxiety using a translational neuroscience approach. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2024; 24:228-245. [PMID: 38356013 PMCID: PMC11039504 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-024-01162-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders affect millions of people worldwide and present a challenge in neuroscience research because of their substantial heterogeneity in clinical presentation. While a great deal of progress has been made in understanding the neurobiology of fear and anxiety, these insights have not led to effective treatments. Understanding the relationship between phenotypic heterogeneity and the underlying biology is a critical first step in solving this problem. We show translation, reverse translation, and computational modeling can contribute to a refined, cross-species understanding of fear and anxiety as well as anxiety disorders. More specifically, we outline how animal models can be leveraged to develop testable hypotheses in humans by using targeted, cross-species approaches and ethologically informed behavioral paradigms. We discuss reverse translational approaches that can guide and prioritize animal research in nontraditional research species. Finally, we advocate for the use of computational models to harmonize cross-species and cross-methodology research into anxiety. Together, this translational neuroscience approach will help to bridge the widening gap between how we currently conceptualize and diagnose anxiety disorders, as well as aid in the discovery of better treatments for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly M Drzewiecki
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Andrew S Fox
- California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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11
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Bonaz B. Unmet needs of drugs for irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases: interest of vagus nerve stimulation and hypnosis. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1005-1015. [PMID: 38512653 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01446-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The gut and the brain communicate bidirectionally through the autonomic nervous system. The vagus nerve is a key component of this gut-brain axis, and has numerous properties such as anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, anti-depressive effects. A perturbation of this gut-brain communication is involved in the pathogeny of functional digestive disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Stress plays a role in the pathogeny of these diseases, which are biopsychosocial models. There are presently unmet needs of pharmacological treatments of these chronic debilitating diseases. Treatments are not devoid of side effects, cost-effective, do not cure the diseases, can lose effects over time, thus explaining the poor satisfaction of patients, their lack of compliance, and their interest for non-drug therapies. The gut-brain axis can be targeted for therapeutic purposes in irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease through non-drug therapies, such as hypnosis and vagus nerve stimulation, opening up possibilities for responding to patient expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Bonaz
- Service d'hépato-Gastroentérologie, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Université Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.
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12
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Coverdell TC, Abbott SBG, Campbell JN. Molecular cell types as functional units of the efferent vagus nerve. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2024; 156:210-218. [PMID: 37507330 PMCID: PMC10811285 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The vagus nerve vitally connects the brain and body to coordinate digestive, cardiorespiratory, and immune functions. Its efferent neurons, which project their axons from the brainstem to the viscera, are thought to comprise "functional units" - neuron populations dedicated to the control of specific vagal reflexes or organ functions. Previous research indicates that these functional units differ from one another anatomically, neurochemically, and physiologically but have yet to define their identity in an experimentally tractable way. However, recent work with genetic technology and single-cell genomics suggests that genetically distinct subtypes of neurons may be the functional units of the efferent vagus. Here we review how these approaches are revealing the organizational principles of the efferent vagus in unprecedented detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana C Coverdell
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Stephen B G Abbott
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - John N Campbell
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
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13
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Zhu X, Huang JY, Dong WY, Tang HD, Xu S, Wu Q, Zhang H, Cheng PK, Jin Y, Zhu MY, Zhao W, Mao Y, Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang H, Tao W, Tian Y, Bai L, Zhang Z. Somatosensory cortex and central amygdala regulate neuropathic pain-mediated peripheral immune response via vagal projections to the spleen. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:471-483. [PMID: 38291284 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01561-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Pain involves neuroimmune crosstalk, but the mechanisms of this remain unclear. Here we showed that the splenic T helper 2 (TH2) immune cell response is differentially regulated in male mice with acute versus chronic neuropathic pain and that acetylcholinergic neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (AChDMV) directly innervate the spleen. Combined in vivo recording and immune cell profiling revealed the following two distinct circuits involved in pain-mediated peripheral TH2 immune response: glutamatergic neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex (GluS1HL)→AChDMV→spleen circuit and GABAergic neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala (GABACeA)→AChDMV→spleen circuit. The acute pain condition elicits increased excitation from GluS1HL neurons to spleen-projecting AChDMV neurons and increased the proportion of splenic TH2 immune cells. The chronic pain condition increased inhibition from GABACeA neurons to spleen-projecting AChDMV neurons and decreased splenic TH2 immune cells. Our study thus demonstrates how the brain encodes pain-state-specific immune responses in the spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Ye Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Wan-Ying Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Hao-Di Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Si Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Qielan Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Ping-Kai Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Yu Zhu
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, P. R. China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Wan Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technique of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yu Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Haitao Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Tao
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, P. R. China.
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China.
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, P. R. China.
| | - Li Bai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
- Department of Biophysics and Neurobiology, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
- The Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine, Institute of Health and Medicine, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
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14
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Camacho-Hernandez G, Gopinath A, Okorom AV, Khoshbouei H, Newman AH. Development of a Fluorescently Labeled Ligand for Rapid Detection of DAT in Human and Mouse Peripheral Blood Monocytes. JACS Au 2024; 4:657-665. [PMID: 38425927 PMCID: PMC10900201 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The dopamine transporter (DAT) is one of the key regulators of dopamine (DA) signaling in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the periphery. Recent reports in a model of Parkinson's disease (PD) have shown that dopamine neuronal loss in the CNS impacts the expression of DAT in peripheral immune cells. The mechanism underlying this connection is still unclear but could be illuminated with sensitive and high-throughput detection of DAT-expressing immune cells in the circulation. Herein, we have developed fluorescently labeled ligands (FLL) that bind to surface-expressing DAT with high affinity and selectivity. The diSulfoCy5-FLL (GC04-38) was utilized to label DAT in human and mouse peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) that were analyzed via flow cytometry. Selective labeling was validated using DAT KO mouse PBMCs. Our studies provide an efficient and highly sensitive method using this novel DAT-selective FLL to advance our fundamental understanding of DAT expression and activity in PBMCs in health and disease and as a potential peripheral biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela
Andrea Camacho-Hernandez
- Medicinal
Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse − Intramural
Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Adithya Gopinath
- Department
of Neuroscience, University of Florida College
of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Amarachi V. Okorom
- Medicinal
Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse − Intramural
Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Habibeh Khoshbouei
- Department
of Neuroscience, University of Florida College
of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Medicinal
Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse − Intramural
Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
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15
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Zhang H, Liu Y, Xia D, Jiang M, Li Y, Sun J, Guan H, Zhu L, Song X, Wang J, Fan X, Zhou H. The insular cortex is not insular in thyroid eye disease: neuroimaging revelations of central-peripheral system interaction. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:51. [PMID: 38368427 PMCID: PMC10874024 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid eye disease (TED) is highly correlated with dysregulated immunoendocrine status. The insular cortex was found to regulate peripheral inflammation and immunomodulation in mice. This study aimed to explore whether the insular cortex in patients with TED played a modulatory role including the aberrant brain functional alteration and its association with immunoendocrine status. METHODS This study included 34 active patients (AP), 30 inactive patients (IP) with TED, and 45 healthy controls (HC) matched for age, sex, and educational level. Comprehensive clinical details (especially immunoendocrine markers) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from each participant. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) was used to probe the aberrant alterations of local neural activity. The seed-based functional connectivity (FC) analysis was used to explore the relationship between the insular cortex and each voxel throughout the whole brain. The correlation analysis was conducted to assess the association between insular neurobiomarkers and immunoendocrine parameters. RESULTS When compared with the IP and HC groups, the AP group displayed significantly higher ALFF values in the right insular cortex (INS.R) and lower FC values between the INS.R and the bilateral cerebellum. None of the neurobiomarkers differed between the IP and HC groups. Besides, correlations between insular neurobiomarkers and immunoendocrine markers (free thyroxine, the proportion of T cells, and natural killer cells) were identified in both AP and IP groups. CONCLUSIONS This study was novel in reporting that the dysregulation of the insular cortex activity in TED was associated with abnormal peripheral immunoendocrine status. The insular cortex might play a key role in central-peripheral system interaction in TED. Further research is crucial to enhance our understanding of the central-peripheral system interaction mechanisms involved in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Duojin Xia
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengda Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinwei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixia Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuefei Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Institute of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Huifang Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Sun J, Sun W, Yue K, Zhang Y, Wu X, Liu W, Zou L, Shi H. Abnormal Amygdala Subregion Functional Connectivity in Patients with Crohn's Disease with or without Anxiety and Depression. Behav Neurol 2024; 2024:1551807. [PMID: 38323301 PMCID: PMC10846920 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1551807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to explore the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of amygdala subregions in healthy controls (HCs) and in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) both with and without anxiety or depression. Materials and Methods A total of 33 patients with CD and with anxiety or depression (CDad group), 31 patients with CD but without anxiety or depression (CDnad group), and 29 age-, sex-, and education level-matched HCs underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging. rsFC analysis was used to analyze the FC between the amygdala subregions and other areas of the brain. Results Compared with the HC group, the CDad group demonstrated decreased rsFC between the right laterobasal subregion and the left hippocampus (P < .001) and right middle frontal gyrus (P < .001) and between the left superficial subregion and the left insula (P < .001). Compared with the HC group, the CDnad group demonstrated decreased rsFC between the left centromedial subregion and the left insula (P < .001). Compared with the CDnad group, the CDad group demonstrated decreased rsFC between the left centromedial subregion and the right precuneus (P < .001) and postcentral gyrus (P < .001), between the right laterobasal subregion and the left hippocampus (P < .001), and between the left superficial subregion and the right middle frontal gyrus (P < .001). Conclusions There are significant FC changes in the amygdala subregions in patients with CD. These changes may be related to the disease itself or to the symptoms of anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Sun
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Graduate College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kecen Yue
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
- Graduate College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Xintong Wu
- Graduate College, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Wenjia Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Ling Zou
- School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence, Changzhou University, Changzhou, China
| | - Haifeng Shi
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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17
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Munguba H, Gutzeit VA, Srivastava I, Kristt M, Singh A, Vijay A, Arefin A, Thukral S, Broichhagen J, Stujenske JM, Liston C, Levitz J. Projection-Targeted Photopharmacology Reveals Distinct Anxiolytic Roles for Presynaptic mGluR2 in Prefrontal- and Insula-Amygdala Synapses. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.15.575699. [PMID: 38293136 PMCID: PMC10827048 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Dissecting how membrane receptors regulate neural circuit function is critical for deciphering basic principles of neuromodulation and mechanisms of therapeutic drug action. Classical pharmacological and genetic approaches are not well-equipped to untangle the roles of specific receptor populations, especially in long-range projections which coordinate communication between brain regions. Here we use viral tracing, electrophysiological, optogenetic, and photopharmacological approaches to determine how presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 (mGluR2) activation in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) alters anxiety-related behavior. We find that mGluR2-expressing neurons from the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and posterior insular cortex (pIC) preferentially target distinct cell types and subregions of the BLA to regulate different forms of avoidant behavior. Using projection-specific photopharmacological activation, we find that mGluR2-mediated presynaptic inhibition of vmPFC-BLA, but not pIC-BLA, connections can produce long-lasting decreases in spatial avoidance. In contrast, presynaptic inhibition of pIC-BLA connections decreased social avoidance, novelty-induced hypophagia, and increased exploratory behavior without impairing working memory, establishing this projection as a novel target for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Overall, this work reveals new aspects of BLA neuromodulation with therapeutic implications while establishing a powerful approach for optical mapping of drug action via photopharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermany Munguba
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vanessa A. Gutzeit
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ipsit Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Melanie Kristt
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ashna Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Akshara Vijay
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Anisul Arefin
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sonal Thukral
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Johannes Broichhagen
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Joseph M. Stujenske
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Conor Liston
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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18
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Zimmerman CA, Pan-Vazquez A, Wu B, Keppler EF, Guthman EM, Fetcho RN, Bolkan SS, McMannon B, Lee J, Hoag AT, Lynch LA, Janarthanan SR, López Luna JF, Bondy AG, Falkner AL, Wang SSH, Witten IB. A neural mechanism for learning from delayed postingestive feedback. bioRxiv 2024:2023.10.06.561214. [PMID: 37873112 PMCID: PMC10592633 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.06.561214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Animals learn the value of foods based on their postingestive effects and thereby develop aversions to foods that are toxic1-6 and preferences to those that are nutritious7-14. However, it remains unclear how the brain is able to assign credit to flavors experienced during a meal with postingestive feedback signals that can arise after a substantial delay. Here, we reveal an unexpected role for postingestive reactivation of neural flavor representations in this temporal credit assignment process. To begin, we leverage the fact that mice learn to associate novel15-18, but not familiar, flavors with delayed gastric malaise signals to investigate how the brain represents flavors that support aversive postingestive learning. Surveying cellular resolution brainwide activation patterns reveals that a network of amygdala regions is unique in being preferentially activated by novel flavors across every stage of the learning process: the initial meal, delayed malaise, and memory retrieval. By combining high-density recordings in the amygdala with optogenetic stimulation of genetically defined hindbrain malaise cells, we find that postingestive malaise signals potently and specifically reactivate amygdalar novel flavor representations from a recent meal. The degree of malaise-driven reactivation of individual neurons predicts strengthening of flavor responses upon memory retrieval, leading to stabilization of the population-level representation of the recently consumed flavor. In contrast, meals without postingestive consequences degrade neural flavor representations as flavors become familiar and safe. Thus, our findings demonstrate that interoceptive reactivation of amygdalar flavor representations provides a neural mechanism to resolve the temporal credit assignment problem inherent to postingestive learning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bichan Wu
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Emma F Keppler
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Eartha Mae Guthman
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Robert N Fetcho
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Scott S Bolkan
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Brenna McMannon
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Junuk Lee
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Austin T Hoag
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Laura A Lynch
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Juan F López Luna
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Adrian G Bondy
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Annegret L Falkner
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Samuel S-H Wang
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ilana B Witten
- Princeton Neuroscience Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
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19
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Li W, Jiang J, Yin X, Zhang Y, Zou X, Sun M, Jia J, Ma B, Xu J. Mediation of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in the Relationship between Specific Gut Microbiota and Cognition in Vascular Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:435-445. [PMID: 38108351 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota could affect the onset and development of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) through modulating metabolic and immune pathways. However, the vascular mechanisms involved remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the gut microbiota associated with VCI and examine the mediating effects of regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) to explore potential therapeutic targets for VCI. METHODS This prospective study enrolled patients with VCI (n = 16) and healthy controls (n = 18) from the Chinese Imaging, Biomarkers, and Lifestyle study between January 1 and June 30, 2022. The gut microbiota composition and diversity were determined by 16 S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. The association between gut microbiota and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores was determined using Spearman's correlation analysis. Regional CBF was calculated using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling. The mediating effects of regional CBF on the relationship between specific gut microbiota and cognition in VCI were investigated using mediation analysis. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, patients with VCI had significantly greater abundance of Bifidobacterium, Veillonella, R uminococcus gnavus , Fusobacterium, and Erysipelatoclostridium and smaller abundance of Collinsella. The abundance of Ruminococcus gnavus was negatively associated with MoCA scores in patients with VCI, with the CBF in the left hypothalamus, right hypothalamus, and left amygdala accounting for 63.96%, 48.22%, and 36.51%, respectively, of this association after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSIONS Ruminococcus gnavus is associated with cognition in VCI, which is strongly mediated by CBF in the bilateral hypothalamus and left amygdala. These findings highlight the potential regulatory roles of nutrition and metabolism-related areas of the brain in VCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Li
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiwei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xinying Zou
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Mengfan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Jia
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Baiping Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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20
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Davidson CJ, Mascarin AT, Yahya MA, Rubio FJ, Gheidi A. Approaches and considerations of studying neuronal ensembles: a brief review. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1310724. [PMID: 38155864 PMCID: PMC10752959 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1310724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
First theorized by Hebb, neuronal ensembles have provided a framework for understanding how the mammalian brain operates, especially regarding learning and memory. Neuronal ensembles are discrete, sparsely distributed groups of neurons that become activated in response to a specific stimulus and are thought to provide an internal representation of the world. Beyond the study of region-wide or projection-wide activation, the study of ensembles offers increased specificity and resolution to identify and target specific memories or associations. Neuroscientists interested in the neurobiology of learning, memory, and motivated behavior have used electrophysiological-, calcium-, and protein-based proxies of neuronal activity in preclinical models to better understand the neurobiology of learned and motivated behaviors. Although these three approaches may be used to pursue the same general goal of studying neuronal ensembles, technical differences lead to inconsistencies in the output and interpretation of data. This mini-review highlights some of the methodologies used in electrophysiological-, calcium-, and protein-based studies of neuronal ensembles and discusses their strengths and weaknesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J. Davidson
- William Beaumont School of Medicine, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, United States
| | - Alixandria T. Mascarin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Majd A. Yahya
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - F. Javier Rubio
- Neuronal Ensembles in Addiction Section, Behavioral Neuroscience Research Branch, Intramural Research Program/National Institute on Drug Abuse/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ali Gheidi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University, Macon, GA, United States
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21
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Lee J, Peesh P, Quaicoe V, Tan C, Banerjee A, Mooz P, Ganesh BP, Petrosino J, Bryan RM, McCullough LD, Venna VR. Estradiol mediates colonic epithelial protection in aged mice after stroke and is associated with shifts in the gut microbiome. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2271629. [PMID: 37910478 PMCID: PMC10730206 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2271629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut is a major source of bacteria and antigens that contribute to neuroinflammation after brain injury. Colonic epithelial cells (ECs) are responsible for secreting major cellular components of the innate defense system, including antimicrobial proteins (AMP) and mucins. These cells serve as a critical regulator of gut barrier function and maintain host-microbe homeostasis. In this study, we determined post-stroke host defense responses at the colonic epithelial surface in mice. We then tested if the enhancement of these epithelial protective mechanisms is beneficial in young and aged mice after stroke. AMPs were significantly increased in the colonic ECs of young males, but not in young females after experimental stroke. In contrast, mucin-related genes were enhanced in young females and contributed to mucus formation that maintains the distance between the host and gut bacteria. Bacterial community profiling was done using universal amplification of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sex-specific colonic epithelial defense responses after stroke in young females were reversed with ovariectomy and led to a shift from a predominately mucin response to the enhanced AMP expression seen in males after stroke. Estradiol (E2) replacement prior to stroke in aged females increased mucin gene expression in the colonic ECs. Interestingly, we found that E2 treatment reduced stroke-associated neuronal hyperactivity in the insular cortex, a brain region that interacts with visceral organs such as the gut, in parallel to an increase in the composition of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiota. This is the first study demonstrating sex differences in host defense mechanisms in the gut after brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pedram Peesh
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Victoria Quaicoe
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anik Banerjee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patrick Mooz
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bhanu P. Ganesh
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph Petrosino
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert M. Bryan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Louise D. McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Hermann Hospital-Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Venugopal Reddy Venna
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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22
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Padrón‐Monedero A. A pathological convergence theory for non-communicable diseases. Aging Med (Milton) 2023; 6:328-337. [PMID: 38239708 PMCID: PMC10792334 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The current paradigm considers the study of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), which are the main causes of mortality, as individual disorders. Nevertheless, this conception is being solidly challenged by numerous remarkable studies. The clear fact that the mortality, by virtually all NCDs, tends to cluster at old ages (with the exception of congenital malformations and certain types of cancer, among a few others); makes us intuitive to assume that the common convergence mechanism that exponentially increases mortality by almost all NCDs in older ages is cell aging. Moreover, when we study NCDs, we are not analyzing which disorders cause the mortality of the populations, rather that which disorders kill us before others do, because the aging of the individuals causes inevitably their death by one cause or another. This is not a defeatist perspective, but a challenging and efficient one. These intuitive assumptions have been supported by studies from the pathophysiologic, epidemiologic, and genetic fields, leading to the affirmation that, as NCDs share genetic and pathophysiological mechanisms (derived from mostly the same risk factors), they should no longer be considered independently. Those studies should make us reconsider our current conceptions of studying NCDs as individual disorders, and to hypothesize about a paradigm that would consider most NCDs (cancer, neurological pathologies, cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes mellitus, chronic respiratory diseases, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis, among others) different manifestations of the same process: the cell aging.
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23
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Brock J, Basu N, Schlachetzki JCM, Schett G, McInnes IB, Cavanagh J. Immune mechanisms of depression in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023; 19:790-804. [PMID: 37923863 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-023-01037-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a common and disabling comorbidity in rheumatoid arthritis that not only decreases the likelihood of remission and treatment adherence but also increases the risk of disability and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Compelling data that link immune mechanisms to major depressive disorder indicate possible common mechanisms that drive the pathology of the two conditions. Preclinical evidence suggests that pro-inflammatory cytokines, which are prevalent in rheumatoid arthritis, have various effects on monoaminergic neurotransmission, neurotrophic factors and measures of synaptic plasticity. Neuroimaging studies provide insight into the consequences of inflammation on the brain (for example, on neural connectivity), and clinical trial data highlight the beneficial effects of immune modulation on comorbid depression. Major depressive disorder occurs more frequently in patients with rheumatoid arthritis than in the general population, and major depressive disorder also increases the risk of a future diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, further highlighting the link between rheumatoid arthritis and major depressive disorder. This Review focuses on interactions between peripheral and central immunobiological mechanisms in the context of both rheumatoid arthritis and major depressive disorder. Understanding these mechanisms will provide a basis for future therapeutic development, not least in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Brock
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Neil Basu
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Iain B McInnes
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jonathan Cavanagh
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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24
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Chen H, Guo Z, Sun Y, Dai X. The immunometabolic reprogramming of microglia in Alzheimer's disease. Neurochem Int 2023; 171:105614. [PMID: 37748710 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder (NDD). In the central nervous system (CNS), immune cells like microglia could reprogram intracellular metabolism to alter or exert cellular immune functions in response to environmental stimuli. In AD, microglia could be activated and differentiated into pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory phenotypes, and these differences in cellular phenotypes resulted in variance in cellular energy metabolism. Considering the enormous energy requirement of microglia for immune functions, the changes in mitochondria-centered energy metabolism and substrates of microglia are crucial for the cellular regulation of immune responses. Here we reviewed the mechanisms of microglial metabolic reprogramming by analyzing their flexible metabolic patterns and changes that occurred in their metabolism during the development of AD. Further, we summarized the role of drugs in modulating immunometabolic reprogramming to prevent neuroinflammation, which may shed light on a new research direction for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China
| | - Zichen Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China
| | - Yaxuan Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China
| | - Xueling Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functional Food, College of Biochemical Engineering, Beijing Union University, Beijing, 100023, China.
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25
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Trevizan-Bau P, Mazzone SB. Neuroimmune pathways regulating airway inflammation. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2023; 131:550-560. [PMID: 37517657 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2023.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Airways diseases are typically accompanied by inflammation, which has long been known to contribute to obstruction, mucus hypersecretion, dyspnea, cough, and other characteristic symptoms displayed in patients. Clinical interventions, therefore, often target inflammation to reverse lung pathology and reduce morbidity. The airways and lungs are densely innervated by subsets of nerve fibers, which are not only impacted by pulmonary inflammation but, in addition, likely serve as important regulators of immune cell function. This bidirectional neuroimmune crosstalk is supported by close spatial relationships between immune cells and airway nerve fibers, complementary neural and immune signaling pathways, local specialized airway chemosensory cells, and dedicated reflex circuits. In this article, we review the recent literature on this topic and present state-of-the-art evidence supporting the role of neuroimmune interactions in airway inflammation. In addition, we extend this evidence to synthesize considerations for the clinical translation of these discoveries to improve the management of patients with airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Trevizan-Bau
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stuart B Mazzone
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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26
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Danahy MP, Paxton Willing MM, Tate LL, Shuping E, Riggs DS. Associations between psychological and respiratory distress in post-deployment Veterans. Mil Psychol 2023; 35:529-538. [PMID: 37903168 PMCID: PMC10617378 DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2022.2131189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Since September 11, 2001, over 2.7 million United States service members have deployed to South-West Asia and the Middle East and have been exposed to environmental hazards and psychological trauma. Many of these service members have returned with medical and psychological illnesses, some of which have proved complex and resistant to treatment. One notable constellation of symptoms is post-deployment respiratory illness, which has become a focus of research and policy efforts. The present study sought to examine the impact of post-deployment psychological distress on respiratory symptom severity. Data were obtained from the Veterans Affairs Airborne Hazards and Open Burn Pit Registry (AHOBPR) health surveillance database (N =107,403). Psychological factors were compared against common organic and environmental predictors of post-deployment respiratory distress. Psychological distress following deployment was a stronger predictor of 12-month shortness of breath severity than general respiratory pathology or level of exposure to environmental hazards, controlling for gender, age, race, and tobacco use. Additionally, psychological distress was a better predictor of shortness of breath severity than documented respiratory illnesses including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic bronchitis. Implications and directions for future research are discussed, as well as potential alterations to existing treatment and health surveillance paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murphy P. Danahy
- Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Maegan M. Paxton Willing
- Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Henery M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Deployment Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Larissa L. Tate
- Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Eric Shuping
- School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Post-Deployment Health Services, Patient Care Services, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC
| | - David S. Riggs
- Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
- Center for Deployment Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland
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27
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van Baarle L, Stakenborg M, Matteoli G. Enteric neuro-immune interactions in intestinal health and disease. Semin Immunol 2023; 70:101819. [PMID: 37632991 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system is an autonomous neuronal circuit that regulates many processes far beyond the peristalsis in the gastro-intestinal tract. This circuit, consisting of enteric neurons and enteric glial cells, can engage in many intercellular interactions shaping the homeostatic microenvironment in the gut. Perhaps the most well documented interactions taking place, are the intestinal neuro-immune interactions which are essential for the fine-tuning of oral tolerance. In the context of intestinal disease, compelling evidence demonstrates both protective and detrimental roles for this bidirectional neuro-immune signaling. This review discusses the different immune cell types that are recognized to engage in neuronal crosstalk during intestinal health and disease. Highlighting the molecular pathways involved in the neuro-immune interactions might inspire novel strategies to target intestinal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lies van Baarle
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N1 box 701, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Stakenborg
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N1 box 701, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gianluca Matteoli
- Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, O&N1 box 701, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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28
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Brain and body are more intertwined than we knew. Nature 2023; 623:223-4. [PMID: 37938701 DOI: 10.1038/d41586-023-03435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
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29
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Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is densely innervated by the peripheral nervous system and populated by the immune system. These two systems critically coordinate the sensations of and adaptations to dietary, microbial, and damaging stimuli from the external and internal microenvironment during tissue homeostasis and inflammation. The brain receives and integrates ascending sensory signals from the gut and transduces descending signals back to the gut via autonomic neurons. Neurons regulate intestinal immune responses through the action of local axon reflexes or through neuronal circuits via the gut-brain axis. This neuroimmune crosstalk is critical for gut homeostatic maintenance and disease resolution. In this review, we discuss the roles of distinct types of gut-innervating neurons in the modulation of intestinal mucosal immunity. We will focus on the molecular mechanisms governing how different immune cells respond to neural signals in host defense and inflammation. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of strategies targeting neuroimmune crosstalk for intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daping Yang
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nicole Almanzar
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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30
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Rolls A. Immunoception: the insular cortex perspective. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1270-1276. [PMID: 37386172 PMCID: PMC10616063 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To define the systemic neuroimmune interactions in health and disease, we recently suggested immunoception as a term that refers to the existence of bidirectional functional loops between the brain and the immune system. This concept suggests that the brain constantly monitors changes in immune activity and, in turn, can regulate the immune system to generate a physiologically synchronized response. Therefore, the brain has to represent information regarding the state of the immune system, which can occure in multiple ways. One such representation is an immunengram, a trace that is partially stored by neurons and partially by the local tissue. This review will discuss our current understanding of immunoception and immunengrams, focusing on their manifestation in a specific brain region, the insular cortex (IC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Asya Rolls
- Department of Immunology, Department of Neuroscience, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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31
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Sfera A, Andronescu L, Britt WG, Himsl K, Klein C, Rahman L, Kozlakidis Z. Receptor-Independent Therapies for Forensic Detainees with Schizophrenia-Dementia Comorbidity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15797. [PMID: 37958780 PMCID: PMC10647468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Forensic institutions throughout the world house patients with severe psychiatric illness and history of criminal violations. Improved medical care, hygiene, psychiatric treatment, and nutrition led to an unmatched longevity in this population, which previously lived, on average, 15 to 20 years shorter than the public at large. On the other hand, longevity has contributed to increased prevalence of age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, which complicate clinical management, increasing healthcare expenditures. Forensic institutions, originally intended for the treatment of younger individuals, are ill-equipped for the growing number of older offenders. Moreover, as antipsychotic drugs became available in 1950s and 1960s, we are observing the first generation of forensic detainees who have aged on dopamine-blocking agents. Although the consequences of long-term treatment with these agents are unclear, schizophrenia-associated gray matter loss may contribute to the development of early dementia. Taken together, increased lifespan and the subsequent cognitive deficit observed in long-term forensic institutions raise questions and dilemmas unencountered by the previous generations of clinicians. These include: does the presence of neurocognitive dysfunction justify antipsychotic dose reduction or discontinuation despite a lifelong history of schizophrenia and violent behavior? Should neurolipidomic interventions become the standard of care in elderly individuals with lifelong schizophrenia and dementia? Can patients with schizophrenia and dementia meet the Dusky standard to stand trial? Should neurocognitive disorders in the elderly with lifelong schizophrenia be treated differently than age-related neurodegeneration? In this article, we hypothesize that gray matter loss is the core symptom of schizophrenia which leads to dementia. We hypothesize further that strategies to delay or stop gray matter depletion would not only improve the schizophrenia sustained recovery, but also avert the development of major neurocognitive disorders in people living with schizophrenia. Based on this hypothesis, we suggest utilization of both receptor-dependent and independent therapeutics for chronic psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Sfera
- Paton State Hospital, 3102 Highland Ave, Patton, CA 92369, USA; (L.A.); (K.H.)
- School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, 11139 Anderson St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Riverside 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Luminita Andronescu
- Paton State Hospital, 3102 Highland Ave, Patton, CA 92369, USA; (L.A.); (K.H.)
| | - William G. Britt
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA;
| | - Kiera Himsl
- Paton State Hospital, 3102 Highland Ave, Patton, CA 92369, USA; (L.A.); (K.H.)
| | - Carolina Klein
- California Department of State Hospitals, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA;
| | - Leah Rahman
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, 1585 E 13th Ave, Eugene, OR 97403, USA;
| | - Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, 69366 Lyon Cedex, France;
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32
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Mohanta SK, Sun T, Lu S, Wang Z, Zhang X, Yin C, Weber C, Habenicht AJR. The Impact of the Nervous System on Arteries and the Heart: The Neuroimmune Cardiovascular Circuit Hypothesis. Cells 2023; 12:2485. [PMID: 37887328 PMCID: PMC10605509 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Three systemic biological systems, i.e., the nervous, the immune, and the cardiovascular systems, form a mutually responsive and forward-acting tissue network to regulate acute and chronic cardiovascular function in health and disease. Two sub-circuits within the cardiovascular system have been described, the artery brain circuit (ABC) and the heart brain circuit (HBC), forming a large cardiovascular brain circuit (CBC). Likewise, the nervous system consists of the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system with their functional distinct sensory and effector arms. Moreover, the immune system with its constituents, i.e., the innate and the adaptive immune systems, interact with the CBC and the nervous system at multiple levels. As understanding the structure and inner workings of the CBC gains momentum, it becomes evident that further research into the CBC may lead to unprecedented classes of therapies to treat cardiovascular diseases as multiple new biologically active molecules are being discovered that likely affect cardiovascular disease progression. Here, we weigh the merits of integrating these recent observations in cardiovascular neurobiology into previous views of cardiovascular disease pathogeneses. These considerations lead us to propose the Neuroimmune Cardiovascular Circuit Hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarajo K. Mohanta
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 80336 Munich, Germany; (T.S.); (S.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Easemedcontrol R&D, Schraudolphstraße 5, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Ting Sun
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 80336 Munich, Germany; (T.S.); (S.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Shu Lu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 80336 Munich, Germany; (T.S.); (S.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Zhihua Wang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 80336 Munich, Germany; (T.S.); (S.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 80336 Munich, Germany; (T.S.); (S.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
| | - Changjun Yin
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 80336 Munich, Germany; (T.S.); (S.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Easemedcontrol R&D, Schraudolphstraße 5, 80799 Munich, Germany
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 80336 Munich, Germany; (T.S.); (S.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas J. R. Habenicht
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 80336 Munich, Germany; (T.S.); (S.L.); (Z.W.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (C.W.)
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Easemedcontrol R&D, Schraudolphstraße 5, 80799 Munich, Germany
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Chang EH, Gabalski AH, Huerta TS, Datta-Chaudhuri T, Zanos TP, Zanos S, Grill WM, Tracey KJ, Al-Abed Y. The Fifth Bioelectronic Medicine Summit: today's tools, tomorrow's therapies. Bioelectron Med 2023; 9:21. [PMID: 37794457 PMCID: PMC10552422 DOI: 10.1186/s42234-023-00123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The emerging field of bioelectronic medicine (BEM) is poised to make a significant impact on the treatment of several neurological and inflammatory disorders. With several BEM therapies being recently approved for clinical use and others in late-phase clinical trials, the 2022 BEM summit was a timely scientific meeting convening a wide range of experts to discuss the latest developments in the field. The BEM Summit was held over two days in New York with more than thirty-five invited speakers and panelists comprised of researchers and experts from both academia and industry. The goal of the meeting was to bring international leaders together to discuss advances and cultivate collaborations in this emerging field that incorporates aspects of neuroscience, physiology, molecular medicine, engineering, and technology. This Meeting Report recaps the latest findings discussed at the Meeting and summarizes the main developments in this rapidly advancing interdisciplinary field. Our hope is that this Meeting Report will encourage researchers from academia and industry to push the field forward and generate new multidisciplinary collaborations that will form the basis of new discoveries that we can discuss at the next BEM Summit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric H Chang
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA.
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
| | - Arielle H Gabalski
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
| | - Tomas S Huerta
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Timir Datta-Chaudhuri
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Theodoros P Zanos
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Stavros Zanos
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Warren M Grill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fitzpatrick CIEMAS, Duke University, Room 1427, 101 Science Drive, Box 90281, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Yousef Al-Abed
- Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- The Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Northwell Health, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
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Abstract
Stress-linked psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and major depressive disorder, are associated with systemic inflammation. Recent studies have reported stress-induced alterations in haematopoiesis that result in monocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia and, consequently, in the upregulation of pro-inflammatory processes in immunologically relevant peripheral tissues. There is now evidence that this peripheral inflammation contributes to the development of psychiatric symptoms as well as to common co-morbidities of psychiatric disorders such as metabolic syndrome and immunosuppression. Here, we review the specific brain and spinal regions, and the neuronal populations within them, that respond to stress and transmit signals to peripheral tissues via the autonomic nervous system or neuroendocrine pathways to influence immunological function. We comprehensively summarize studies that have employed retrograde tracing to define neurocircuits linking the brain to the bone marrow, spleen, gut, adipose tissue and liver. Moreover, we highlight studies that have used chemogenetic or optogenetic manipulation or intracerebroventricular administration of peptide hormones to control somatic immune responses. Collectively, this growing body of literature illustrates potential mechanisms through which stress signals are conveyed from the CNS to immune cells to regulate stress-relevant behaviours and comorbid pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny L Chan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Wolfram C Poller
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Namba MD, Xie Q, Barker JM. Advancing the preclinical study of comorbid neuroHIV and substance use disorders: Current perspectives and future directions. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 113:453-475. [PMID: 37567486 PMCID: PMC10528352 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a persistent public health concern throughout the world. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a common comorbidity that can worsen treatment outcomes for people living with HIV. The relationship between HIV infection and SUD outcomes is likely bidirectional, making clear interrogation of neurobehavioral outcomes challenging in clinical populations. Importantly, the mechanisms through which HIV and addictive drugs disrupt homeostatic immune and CNS function appear to be highly overlapping and synergistic within HIV-susceptible reward and motivation circuitry in the central nervous system. Decades of animal research have revealed invaluable insights into mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology SUDs and HIV, although translational studies examining comorbid SUDs and HIV are very limited due to the technical challenges of modeling HIV infection preclinically. In this review, we discuss preclinical animal models of HIV and highlight key pathophysiological characteristics of each model, with a particular emphasis on rodent models of HIV. We then review the implementation of these models in preclinical SUD research and identify key gaps in knowledge in the field. Finally, we discuss how cutting-edge behavioral neuroscience tools, which have revealed key insights into the neurobehavioral mechanisms of SUDs, can be applied to preclinical animal models of HIV to reveal potential, novel treatment avenues for comorbid HIV and SUDs. Here, we argue that future preclinical SUD research would benefit from incorporating comorbidities such as HIV into animal models and would facilitate the discovery of more refined, subpopulation-specific mechanisms and effective SUD prevention and treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Namba
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qiaowei Xie
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Barker
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, College of Medicine, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Schulz MA, Hetzer S, Eitel F, Asseyer S, Meyer-Arndt L, Schmitz-Hübsch T, Bellmann-Strobl J, Cole JH, Gold SM, Paul F, Ritter K, Weygandt M. Similar neural pathways link psychological stress and brain-age in health and multiple sclerosis. iScience 2023; 26:107679. [PMID: 37680475 PMCID: PMC10480681 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical and neuroscientific studies suggest a link between psychological stress and reduced brain health in health and neurological disease but it is unclear whether mediating pathways are similar. Consequently, we applied an arterial-spin-labeling MRI stress task in 42 healthy persons and 56 with multiple sclerosis, and investigated regional neural stress responses, associations between functional connectivity of stress-responsive regions and the brain-age prediction error, a highly sensitive machine learning brain health biomarker, and regional brain-age constituents in both groups. Stress responsivity did not differ between groups. Although elevated brain-age prediction errors indicated worse brain health in patients, anterior insula-occipital cortex (healthy persons: occipital pole; patients: fusiform gyrus) functional connectivity correlated with brain-age prediction errors in both groups. Finally, also gray matter contributed similarly to regional brain-age across groups. These findings might suggest a common stress-brain health pathway whose impact is amplified in multiple sclerosis by disease-specific vulnerability factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc-Andre Schulz
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule (RWTH), Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hetzer
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Eitel
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanna Asseyer
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lil Meyer-Arndt
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neurology, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Regenerative Immunology and Aging, BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Schmitz-Hübsch
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Judith Bellmann-Strobl
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - James H. Cole
- Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, UK
- Dementia Research Centre, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stefan M. Gold
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS), Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Medical Department, Section Psychosomatic Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Ritter
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health), Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Berlin, Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Weygandt
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Raizen DM, Mullington J, Anaclet C, Clarke G, Critchley H, Dantzer R, Davis R, Drew KL, Fessel J, Fuller PM, Gibson EM, Harrington M, Ian Lipkin W, Klerman EB, Klimas N, Komaroff AL, Koroshetz W, Krupp L, Kuppuswamy A, Lasselin J, Lewis LD, Magistretti PJ, Matos HY, Miaskowski C, Miller AH, Nath A, Nedergaard M, Opp MR, Ritchie MD, Rogulja D, Rolls A, Salamone JD, Saper C, Whittemore V, Wylie G, Younger J, Zee PC, Craig Heller H. Beyond the symptom: the biology of fatigue. Sleep 2023; 46:zsad069. [PMID: 37224457 PMCID: PMC10485572 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A workshop titled "Beyond the Symptom: The Biology of Fatigue" was held virtually September 27-28, 2021. It was jointly organized by the Sleep Research Society and the Neurobiology of Fatigue Working Group of the NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research Program. For access to the presentations and video recordings, see: https://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov/about/event/beyond-symptom-biology-fatigue. The goals of this workshop were to bring together clinicians and scientists who use a variety of research approaches to understand fatigue in multiple conditions and to identify key gaps in our understanding of the biology of fatigue. This workshop summary distills key issues discussed in this workshop and provides a list of promising directions for future research on this topic. We do not attempt to provide a comprehensive review of the state of our understanding of fatigue, nor to provide a comprehensive reprise of the many excellent presentations. Rather, our goal is to highlight key advances and to focus on questions and future approaches to answering them.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Raizen
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Janet Mullington
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christelle Anaclet
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Gerard Clarke
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, and APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Hugo Critchley
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School Department of Neuroscience, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Robert Dantzer
- Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ronald Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kelly L Drew
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Arctic Biology, Center for Transformative Research in Metabolism, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Josh Fessel
- Division of Clinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Patrick M Fuller
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Erin M Gibson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Mary Harrington
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience Program, Smith College, Northampton, MA, USA
| | - W Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, and Departments of Neurology and Pathology, Columbia University, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Klerman
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy Klimas
- Department of Clinical Immunology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Anthony L Komaroff
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter Koroshetz
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lauren Krupp
- Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYC, NY, USA
| | - Anna Kuppuswamy
- University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, England
| | - Julie Lasselin
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laura D Lewis
- Center for Systems Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pierre J Magistretti
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Heidi Y Matos
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christine Miaskowski
- Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Avindra Nath
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Mark R Opp
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Marylyn D Ritchie
- Department of Genetics, Institute for Biomedical Informatics, Penn Center for Precision Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Dragana Rogulja
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Asya Rolls
- Rappaport Institute for Medical Research, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - John D Salamone
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Clifford Saper
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vicky Whittemore
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Glenn Wylie
- Rocco Ortenzio Neuroimaging Center at Kessler Foundation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - Jarred Younger
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Phyllis C Zee
- Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - H Craig Heller
- Department of Biology, Stanford University and Sleep Research Society, Stanford, CA, USA
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Kodra AL, Mucida D. To eat or not to eat: type 2 immunity controls food avoidance behavior. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:665-667. [PMID: 37586904 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that food allergies are regulated by neuroimmune interactions. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Plum et al. and Florsheim et al. identify IgE-mediated mast cell activation, leukotrienes, and growth differentiating factor 15 (GDF15) as key regulators of the avoidance response to food allergens in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albana L Kodra
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Daniel Mucida
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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Chatanaka MK, Sohaei D, Diamandis EP, Prassas I. Beyond the amyloid hypothesis: how current research implicates autoimmunity in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2023; 60:398-426. [PMID: 36941789 DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2023.2187342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid hypothesis has so far been at the forefront of explaining the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to cognitive decline and eventual death. Recent evidence, however, points to additional factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of this disease. These include the neurovascular hypothesis, the mitochondrial cascade hypothesis, the inflammatory hypothesis, the prion hypothesis, the mutational accumulation hypothesis, and the autoimmunity hypothesis. The purpose of this review was to briefly discuss the factors that are associated with autoimmunity in humans, including sex, the gut and lung microbiomes, age, genetics, and environmental factors. Subsequently, it was to examine the rise of autoimmune phenomena in AD, which can be instigated by a blood-brain barrier breakdown, pathogen infections, and dysfunction of the glymphatic system. Lastly, it was to discuss the various ways by which immune system dysregulation leads to AD, immunomodulating therapies, and future directions in the field of autoimmunity and neurodegeneration. A comprehensive account of the recent research done in the field was extracted from PubMed on 31 January 2022, with the keywords "Alzheimer's disease" and "autoantibodies" for the first search input, and "Alzheimer's disease" with "IgG" for the second. From the first search, 19 papers were selected, because they contained recent research on the autoantibodies found in the biofluids of patients with AD. From the second search, four papers were selected. The analysis of the literature has led to support the autoimmune hypothesis in AD. Autoantibodies were found in biofluids (serum/plasma, cerebrospinal fluid) of patients with AD with multiple methods, including ELISA, Mass Spectrometry, and microarray analysis. Through continuous research, the understanding of the synergistic effects of the various components that lead to AD will pave the way for better therapeutic methods and a deeper understanding of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyo K Chatanaka
- Department of Laboratory and Medicine Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Dorsa Sohaei
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P Diamandis
- Department of Laboratory and Medicine Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ioannis Prassas
- Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
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40
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Sato M, Nakai N, Fujima S, Choe KY, Takumi T. Social circuits and their dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3194-3206. [PMID: 37612363 PMCID: PMC10618103 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Social behaviors, how individuals act cooperatively and competitively with conspecifics, are widely seen across species. Rodents display various social behaviors, and many different behavioral paradigms have been used for investigating their neural circuit bases. Social behavior is highly vulnerable to brain network dysfunction caused by neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions such as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Studying mouse models of ASD provides a promising avenue toward elucidating mechanisms of abnormal social behavior and potential therapeutic targets for treatment. In this review, we outline recent progress and key findings on neural circuit mechanisms underlying social behavior, with particular emphasis on rodent studies that monitor and manipulate the activity of specific circuits using modern systems neuroscience approaches. Social behavior is mediated by a distributed brain-wide network among major cortical (e.g., medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), anterior cingulate cortex, and insular cortex (IC)) and subcortical (e.g., nucleus accumbens, basolateral amygdala (BLA), and ventral tegmental area) structures, influenced by multiple neuromodulatory systems (e.g., oxytocin, dopamine, and serotonin). We particularly draw special attention to IC as a unique cortical area that mediates multisensory integration, encoding of ongoing social interaction, social decision-making, emotion, and empathy. Additionally, a synthesis of studies investigating ASD mouse models demonstrates that dysfunctions in mPFC-BLA circuitry and neuromodulation are prominent. Pharmacological rescues by local or systemic (e.g., oral) administration of various drugs have provided valuable clues for developing new therapeutic agents for ASD. Future efforts and technological advances will push forward the next frontiers in this field, such as the elucidation of brain-wide network activity and inter-brain neural dynamics during real and virtual social interactions, and the establishment of circuit-based therapy for disorders affecting social functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Sato
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Kita, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakai
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Chuo, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Shuhei Fujima
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Chuo, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Katrina Y Choe
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Toru Takumi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Chuo, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Chuo, Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
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41
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Florsheim EB, Bachtel ND, Cullen JL, Lima BGC, Godazgar M, Carvalho F, Chatain CP, Zimmer MR, Zhang C, Gautier G, Launay P, Wang A, Dietrich MO, Medzhitov R. Immune sensing of food allergens promotes avoidance behaviour. Nature 2023; 620:643-650. [PMID: 37437602 PMCID: PMC10432274 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
In addition to its canonical function of protection from pathogens, the immune system can also alter behaviour1,2. The scope and mechanisms of behavioural modifications by the immune system are not yet well understood. Here, using mouse models of food allergy, we show that allergic sensitization drives antigen-specific avoidance behaviour. Allergen ingestion activates brain areas involved in the response to aversive stimuli, including the nucleus of tractus solitarius, parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala. Allergen avoidance requires immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies and mast cells but precedes the development of gut allergic inflammation. The ability of allergen-specific IgE and mast cells to promote avoidance requires cysteinyl leukotrienes and growth and differentiation factor 15. Finally, a comparison of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mouse strains revealed a strong effect of the genetic background on the avoidance behaviour. These findings thus point to antigen-specific behavioural modifications that probably evolved to promote niche selection to avoid unfavourable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther B Florsheim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
- Biodesign Institute, Center for Health Through Microbiomes, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
| | - Nathaniel D Bachtel
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jaime L Cullen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Bruna G C Lima
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mahdieh Godazgar
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fernando Carvalho
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carolina P Chatain
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marcelo R Zimmer
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Cuiling Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gregory Gautier
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS EMR8252, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Launay
- Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, INSERM UMR1149, CNRS EMR8252, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Andrew Wang
- Department of Medicine (Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marcelo O Dietrich
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ruslan Medzhitov
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
- Tananbaum Center for Theoretical and Analytical Human Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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Bai Y, Li K, Li X, Chen X, Zheng J, Wu F, Chen J, Li Z, Zhang S, Wu K, Chen Y, Wang Y, Yang Y. Effects of oxidative stress on hepatic encephalopathy pathogenesis in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4456. [PMID: 37488119 PMCID: PMC10366183 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40081-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), but the mechanism remains unclear. GABAergic neurons in substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) contribute to the motor deficit of HE. The present study aims to investigate the effects of oxidative stress on HE in male mice. The results validate the existence of oxidative stress in both liver and SNr across two murine models of HE induced by thioacetamide (TAA) and bile duct ligation (BDL). Systemic mitochondria-targeted antioxidative drug mitoquinone (Mito-Q) rescues mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative injury in SNr, so as to restore the locomotor impairment in TAA and BDL mice. Furthermore, the GAD2-expressing SNr population (SNrGAD2) is activated by HE. Both overexpression of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) targeted to SNrGAD2 and SNrGAD2-targeted chemogenetic inhibition targeted to SNrGAD2 rescue mitochondrial dysfunction in TAA-induced HE. These results define the key role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of HE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhu Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of General Surgery, 988 Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force, Zheng Zhou, 450000, China
| | - Kenan Li
- Specific Lab for Mitochondrial Plasticity Underlying Nervous System Diseases, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preclinical Medicine Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiyu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Specific Lab for Mitochondrial Plasticity Underlying Nervous System Diseases, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preclinical Medicine Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Feifei Wu
- Specific Lab for Mitochondrial Plasticity Underlying Nervous System Diseases, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preclinical Medicine Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jinghao Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ze Li
- Specific Lab for Mitochondrial Plasticity Underlying Nervous System Diseases, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preclinical Medicine Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Specific Lab for Mitochondrial Plasticity Underlying Nervous System Diseases, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preclinical Medicine Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Department of pharmacy, 518 Hospital, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Yayun Wang
- Specific Lab for Mitochondrial Plasticity Underlying Nervous System Diseases, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preclinical Medicine Education, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Yanling Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi-Jing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Toussaint LL, Bratty AJ. Amygdala and Insula Retraining (AIR) Significantly Reduces Fatigue and Increases Energy in People with Long COVID. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2023; 2023:7068326. [PMID: 37492483 PMCID: PMC10365910 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7068326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Long COVID affects approximately 10-30% of individuals after an acute COVID-19 infection (Ceban, Ling, et al. 2022; Ortona and Malorni, 2022). Numerous symptoms, including extreme fatigue, can persist for months, resulting in social and economic hardship for individuals and their families (Ortona and Malorni 2022). Therefore, approaches that offer some relief from Long COVID are urgently needed. Research suggests that Long COVID symptoms are akin to those of chronic conditions, such as myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and are likely caused by inflammation and immune dysfunction (Scordo et al., 2021). Amygdala and Insula Retraining (AIR), a neuroplasticity program, has successfully alleviated chronic conditions (Gupta 2010; Sanabria-Mazo et al. 2020; Toussaint et al. 2012). In this randomized controlled trial, AIR was tested against a structurally equivalent health and wellness intervention for its effectiveness in treating the symptom of fatigue among Long COVID sufferers. Results showed a significant decrease in participants' fatigue and a significant increase in their energy after the 3-month AIR intervention. Additionally, the AIR group experienced more significant outcomes than the active control group. The AIR group demonstrated a fatigue reduction effect size four times that of the active control group, and the absolute reduction in mean scores for the AIR group was more than double that of the control group. Furthermore, the AIR group showed an effect size in energy enhancement twice that of the active control group, and the absolute increase in energy mean scores for the AIR group was almost double that of the control group. These novel findings suggest AIR is a viable means of reducing fatigue and increasing energy among Long COVID patients. Limitations and future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren L. Toussaint
- Department of Psychology, Luther College, 700 College Drive, Decorah, IA 52101, USA
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44
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Jakobs M, Hadamitzky M, Schedlowski M, Heiß-Lückemann L. [Conditioning of the immune system-Already clinically usable?]. Z Rheumatol 2023:10.1007/s00393-023-01384-9. [PMID: 37402018 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-023-01384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The brain and the immune system permanently exchange information via various neuronal and humoral signaling pathways. This communication network forms the basis for controlling peripheral immune functions via associative learning or conditioning processes. Establishing a learned immune reaction, an immunomodulatory drug that represents the unconditioned stimulus (US) is paired with a new odor or taste stimulus. Re-presentating this previously neutral odor or taste stimulus, its now functions as a conditioned stimulus (CS) and triggers reactions in the immune system similar to those formerly induced by the drug used as US. Using different learning protocols, it was possible to condition immunopharmacological effects in animal disease models, such as lupus erythematosus, contact allergy or rheumatoid arthritis, thereby reducing disease symptoms. Preliminary experimental studies in healthy volunteers and patients confirmed a possible clinical use of learned immune responses with the aim of using associative learning protocols as complementary measures to pharmacological interventions in clinical practice in order to reduce drug doses and thus undesirable drug side effects while maintaining therapeutic efficacy. However, there is still a great need for further research to understand the mechanisms of learned immune responses in preclinical studies and to optimize the associative learning processes for using them in the clinical routine in studies with healthy volunteers and patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jakobs
- Institut für Medizinische Psychologie und Verhaltensimmunbiologie, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Deutschland
| | - M Hadamitzky
- Institut für Medizinische Psychologie und Verhaltensimmunbiologie, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Deutschland
| | - M Schedlowski
- Institut für Medizinische Psychologie und Verhaltensimmunbiologie, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Deutschland
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Schweden
| | - L Heiß-Lückemann
- Institut für Medizinische Psychologie und Verhaltensimmunbiologie, Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), Universitätsklinikum Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122, Essen, Deutschland.
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45
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Phelan KJ, Dill-McFarland KA, Kothari A, Segnitz RM, Burkle J, Grashel B, Jenkins S, Spagna D, Martin LJ, Haslam DB, Biagini JM, Kalra M, McCoy KS, Ross KR, Jackson DJ, Mersha TB, Altman MC, Khurana Hershey GK. Airway transcriptome networks identify susceptibility to frequent asthma exacerbations in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:73-83. [PMID: 36918038 PMCID: PMC10395049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent asthma exacerbators, defined as those experiencing more than 1 hospitalization in a year for an asthma exacerbation, represent an important subgroup of individuals with asthma. However, this group remains poorly defined and understudied in children. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying asthma pathogenesis and exacerbation frequency. METHODS We performed RNA sequencing of upper airway cells from both frequent and nonfrequent exacerbators enrolled in the Ohio Pediatric Asthma Repository. RESULTS Through molecular network analysis, we found that nonfrequent exacerbators display an increase in modules enriched for immune system processes, including type 2 inflammation and response to infection. In contrast, frequent exacerbators showed expression of modules enriched for nervous system processes, such as synaptic formation and axonal outgrowth. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the upper airway of frequent exacerbators undergoes peripheral nervous system remodeling, representing a novel mechanism underlying pediatric asthma exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran J Phelan
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Arjun Kothari
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - R Max Segnitz
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Jeff Burkle
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Brittany Grashel
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Seth Jenkins
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Daniel Spagna
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - David B Haslam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jocelyn M Biagini
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Maninder Kalra
- Department of Pediatrics, Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Karen S McCoy
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus; Ohio
| | - Kristie R Ross
- Department of Pediatrics-Pulmonary, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Daniel J Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Matthew C Altman
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Systems Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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Schneider KM, Blank N, Alvarez Y, Thum K, Lundgren P, Litichevskiy L, Sleeman M, Bahnsen K, Kim J, Kardo S, Patel S, Dohnalová L, Uhr GT, Descamps HC, Kircher S, McSween AM, Ardabili AR, Nemec KM, Jimenez MT, Glotfelty LG, Eisenberg JD, Furth EE, Henao-Mejia J, Bennett FC, Pierik MJ, Romberg-Camps M, Mujagic Z, Prinz M, Schneider CV, Wherry EJ, Bewtra M, Heuckeroth RO, Levy M, Thaiss CA. The enteric nervous system relays psychological stress to intestinal inflammation. Cell 2023; 186:2823-2838.e20. [PMID: 37236193 PMCID: PMC10330875 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mental health profoundly impacts inflammatory responses in the body. This is particularly apparent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in which psychological stress is associated with exacerbated disease flares. Here, we discover a critical role for the enteric nervous system (ENS) in mediating the aggravating effect of chronic stress on intestinal inflammation. We find that chronically elevated levels of glucocorticoids drive the generation of an inflammatory subset of enteric glia that promotes monocyte- and TNF-mediated inflammation via CSF1. Additionally, glucocorticoids cause transcriptional immaturity in enteric neurons, acetylcholine deficiency, and dysmotility via TGF-β2. We verify the connection between the psychological state, intestinal inflammation, and dysmotility in three cohorts of IBD patients. Together, these findings offer a mechanistic explanation for the impact of the brain on peripheral inflammation, define the ENS as a relay between psychological stress and gut inflammation, and suggest that stress management could serve as a valuable component of IBD care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Markus Schneider
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Niklas Blank
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yelina Alvarez
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katharina Thum
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patrick Lundgren
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lev Litichevskiy
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Madeleine Sleeman
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Klaas Bahnsen
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jihee Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Simon Kardo
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shaan Patel
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lenka Dohnalová
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Giulia T Uhr
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hélène C Descamps
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Susanna Kircher
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alana M McSween
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ashkan Rezazadeh Ardabili
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kelsey M Nemec
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Monica T Jimenez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lila G Glotfelty
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joshua D Eisenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Emma E Furth
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jorge Henao-Mejia
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Protective Immunity, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pennsylvania, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - F Chris Bennett
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Marie J Pierik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Mariëlle Romberg-Camps
- Department of Gastroenterology, Geriatrics, Internal and Intensive Care Medicine (Co-MIK), Zuyderland Medical Centre, Sittard-Geleen, the Netherlands
| | - Zlatan Mujagic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands; School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in NeuroModulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carolin V Schneider
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Immune Health, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Meenakshi Bewtra
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Robert O Heuckeroth
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Maayan Levy
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Christoph A Thaiss
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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47
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Komaroff AL, Lipkin WI. ME/CFS and Long COVID share similar symptoms and biological abnormalities: road map to the literature. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1187163. [PMID: 37342500 PMCID: PMC10278546 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1187163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Some patients remain unwell for months after "recovering" from acute COVID-19. They develop persistent fatigue, cognitive problems, headaches, disrupted sleep, myalgias and arthralgias, post-exertional malaise, orthostatic intolerance and other symptoms that greatly interfere with their ability to function and that can leave some people housebound and disabled. The illness (Long COVID) is similar to myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) as well as to persisting illnesses that can follow a wide variety of other infectious agents and following major traumatic injury. Together, these illnesses are projected to cost the U.S. trillions of dollars. In this review, we first compare the symptoms of ME/CFS and Long COVID, noting the considerable similarities and the few differences. We then compare in extensive detail the underlying pathophysiology of these two conditions, focusing on abnormalities of the central and autonomic nervous system, lungs, heart, vasculature, immune system, gut microbiome, energy metabolism and redox balance. This comparison highlights how strong the evidence is for each abnormality, in each illness, and helps to set priorities for future investigation. The review provides a current road map to the extensive literature on the underlying biology of both illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L. Komaroff
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - W. Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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48
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Abstract
The nervous system regulates tissue stem and precursor populations throughout life. Parallel to roles in development, the nervous system is emerging as a critical regulator of cancer, from oncogenesis to malignant growth and metastatic spread. Various preclinical models in a range of malignancies have demonstrated that nervous system activity can control cancer initiation and powerfully influence cancer progression and metastasis. Just as the nervous system can regulate cancer progression, cancer also remodels and hijacks nervous system structure and function. Interactions between the nervous system and cancer occur both in the local tumour microenvironment and systemically. Neurons and glial cells communicate directly with malignant cells in the tumour microenvironment through paracrine factors and, in some cases, through neuron-to-cancer cell synapses. Additionally, indirect interactions occur at a distance through circulating signals and through influences on immune cell trafficking and function. Such cross-talk among the nervous system, immune system and cancer-both systemically and in the local tumour microenvironment-regulates pro-tumour inflammation and anti-cancer immunity. Elucidating the neuroscience of cancer, which calls for interdisciplinary collaboration among the fields of neuroscience, developmental biology, immunology and cancer biology, may advance effective therapies for many of the most difficult to treat malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Mancusi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Monje
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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49
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Seymour B, Crook RJ, Chen ZS. Post-injury pain and behaviour: a control theory perspective. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:378-392. [PMID: 37165018 PMCID: PMC10465160 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00699-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Injuries of various types occur commonly in the lives of humans and other animals and lead to a pattern of persistent pain and recuperative behaviour that allows safe and effective recovery. In this Perspective, we propose a control-theoretic framework to explain the adaptive processes in the brain that drive physiological post-injury behaviour. We set out an evolutionary and ethological view on how animals respond to injury, illustrating how the behavioural state associated with persistent pain and recuperation may be just as important as phasic pain in ensuring survival. Adopting a normative approach, we suggest that the brain implements a continuous optimal inference of the current state of injury from diverse sensory and physiological signals. This drives the various effector control mechanisms of behavioural homeostasis, which span the modulation of ongoing motivation and perception to drive rest and hyper-protective behaviours. However, an inherent problem with this is that these protective behaviours may partially obscure information about whether injury has resolved. Such information restriction may seed a tendency to aberrantly or persistently infer injury, and may thus promote the transition to pathological chronic pain states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Seymour
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK.
| | - Robyn J Crook
- Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Zhe Sage Chen
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Physiology, Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Pain Research Program, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
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50
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Cheng D, Zhu X, Yan S, Shi L, Liu Z, Zhou X, Bi X. New insights into inflammatory memory of epidermal stem cells. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1188559. [PMID: 37325632 PMCID: PMC10264694 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1188559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory memory, as one form of innate immune memory, has a wide range of manifestations, and its occurrence is related to cell epigenetic modification or metabolic transformation. When re-encountering similar stimuli, executing cells with inflammatory memory function show enhanced or tolerated inflammatory response. Studies have identified that not only hematopoietic stem cells and fibroblasts have immune memory effects, but also stem cells from various barrier epithelial tissues generate and maintain inflammatory memory. Epidermal stem cells, especially hair follicle stem cells, play an essential role in wound healing, immune-related skin diseases, and skin cancer development. In recent years, it has been found that epidermal stem cells from hair follicle can remember the inflammatory response and implement a more rapid response to subsequent stimuli. This review updates the advances of inflammatory memory and focuses on its mechanisms in epidermal stem cells. We are finally looking forward to further research on inflammatory memory, which will allow for the development of precise strategies to manipulate host responses to infection, injury, and inflammatory skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaochen Yan
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linli Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinling Bi
- Department of Dermatology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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