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Woods JE, Singer AL, Alrashdan F, Tan W, Tan C, Sheth SA, Sheth SA, Robinson JT. Miniature battery-free epidural cortical stimulators. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadn0858. [PMID: 38608028 PMCID: PMC11014439 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn0858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Miniaturized neuromodulation systems could improve the safety and reduce the invasiveness of bioelectronic neuromodulation. However, as implantable bioelectronic devices are made smaller, it becomes difficult to store enough power for long-term operation in batteries. Here, we present a battery-free epidural cortical stimulator that is only 9 millimeters in width yet can safely receive enough wireless power using magnetoelectric antennas to deliver 14.5-volt stimulation bursts, which enables it to stimulate cortical activity on-demand through the dura. The device has digitally programmable stimulation output and centimeter-scale alignment tolerances when powered by an external transmitter. We demonstrate that this device has enough power and reliability for real-world operation by showing acute motor cortex activation in human patients and reliable chronic motor cortex activation for 30 days in a porcine model. This platform opens the possibility of simple surgical procedures for precise neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E. Woods
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Amanda L. Singer
- Motif Neurotech, 2450 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77021, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Fatima Alrashdan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Wendy Tan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, UTHealth McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sunil A. Sheth
- Department of Neurology, UTHealth McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sameer A. Sheth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jacob T. Robinson
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Motif Neurotech, 2450 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77021, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main St, Houston, TX 77005, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Wang Q, Zhang Y, Tan C, Ni SJ, Huang D, Chang B, Sheng WQ, Wang L. [Colorectal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation: a clinicopathological analysis of eight cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2024; 53:370-376. [PMID: 38556821 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20231025-00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of colorectal adenocarcinoma with enteroblastic differentiation (CAED). Methods: Eight cases of CAED diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China from January 2017 to August 2023 were collected. The histopathological, immunohistochemical, molecular and prognostic features of 8 CAED cases were analyzed. The relevant studies were also reviewed. Results: Among the eight patients, there were six males and two females, with an average age of 58 years (range: 29-77 years, median age: 61.5 years). Preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were elevated in five patients (14.0-286.6 μg/L). Four tumors were located in the colon, and four tumors in the rectum. Two patients were clinically staged as advanced stage (stage Ⅳ), and distant metastasis occurred at the initial diagnosis (one case had liver metastasis, and the other had lung, bone and multiple lymph nodes metastases). Six patients were clinically staged as locally-advanced stage (Stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ). Three of them developed distant metastases after surgery (one case had liver metastasis, one case had lung metastasis, and one case had peritoneal metastasis). Additionally, two patients died at 9 months and 24 months after surgery, respectively. The tumors were composed of various proportions of adenocarcinoma components with enteroblastic differentiation (30%-100%) and classical tubular adenocarcinoma components. The component with enteroblastic differentiation exhibited morphology similar to embryonic intestinal epithelium: cuboidal or columnar tumor cells arranged in tubular, papillary, cribriform, or solid nest patterns, with clear cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical studies showed that tumor cells expressed at least one oncofetal protein (SALL4, Glypican-3, and AFP). In addition, focal squamous differentiation was observed in 3 cases (3/8). Compared to the primary tumor, both CAED and squamous differentiation components were increased in the metastatic tumors. Based on the sequencing results of KRAS, NRAS and BRAF of the primary and/or metastatic tumors, 5 cases were wild-type, while KRAS exon 2 (G13D) mutations were identified in 2 cases. Conclusions: CAED is a rare colorectal malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Accurate pathological diagnosis is prognostically valuable. The histological features of enteroblastic differentiation, elevated serum AFP levels, and the expression of oncofetal proteins play an important role in the tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center/Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center/Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - C Tan
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center/Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S J Ni
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center/Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - D Huang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center/Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - B Chang
- Department of Pathology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - W Q Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center/Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center/Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Strong N, Meeks G, Sheth SA, McCullough L, Villalba JA, Tan C, Barreto A, Wanger A, McDonald M, Kan P, Shaltoni H, Campo Maldonado J, Parada V, Hassan AE, Reagan-Steiner S, Chiller T, Gold JAW, Smith DJ, Ostrosky-Zeichner L. Neurovascular Complications of Iatrogenic Fusarium solani Meningitis. N Engl J Med 2024; 390:522-529. [PMID: 38324485 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa2308192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
A multinational outbreak of nosocomial fusarium meningitis occurred among immunocompetent patients who had undergone surgery with epidural anesthesia in Mexico. The pathogen involved had a high predilection for the brain stem and vertebrobasilar arterial system and was associated with high mortality from vessel injury. Effective treatment options remain limited; in vitro susceptibility testing of the organism suggested that it is resistant to all currently approved antifungal medications in the United States. To highlight the severe complications associated with fusarium infection acquired in this manner, we report data, clinical courses, and outcomes from 13 patients in the outbreak who presented with symptoms after a median delay of 39 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Strong
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Grant Meeks
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Sunil A Sheth
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Louise McCullough
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Julian A Villalba
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Andrew Barreto
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Audrey Wanger
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Michelle McDonald
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Peter Kan
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Hashem Shaltoni
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Jose Campo Maldonado
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Victoria Parada
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Ameer E Hassan
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Sarah Reagan-Steiner
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Tom Chiller
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Jeremy A W Gold
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Dallas J Smith
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
| | - Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner
- From McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston (N.S., G.M., S.A.S., L.M., C.T., A.B., A.W., M.M., L.O.-Z.), the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston (P.K., H.S.), and the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley-Harlingen, Harlingen (J.C.M., V.P., A.E.H.) - all in Texas; and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (J.A.V., S.R.-S.), and the Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases (T.C., J.A.W.G., D.J.S.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta
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Goodman GW, Do TH, Tan C, Ritzel RM. Drivers of Chronic Pathology Following Ischemic Stroke: A Descriptive Review. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 44:7. [PMID: 38112809 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is the third leading cause of death and long-term disability in the world. Considered largely a disease of aging, its global economic and healthcare burden is expected to rise as more people survive into advanced age. With recent advances in acute stroke management, including the expansion of time windows for treatment with intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, we are likely to see an increase in survival rates. It is therefore critically important to understand the complete pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, both in the acute and subacute stages and during the chronic phase in the months and years following an ischemic event. One of the most clinically relevant aspects of the chronic sequelae of stroke is its extended negative effect on cognition. Cognitive impairment may be related to the deterioration and dysfunctional reorganization of white matter seen at later timepoints after stroke, as well as ongoing progressive neurodegeneration. The vasculature of the brain also undergoes significant insult and remodeling following stroke, undergoing changes which may further contribute to chronic stroke pathology. While inflammation and the immune response are well established drivers of acute stroke pathology, the chronicity and functional role of innate and adaptive immune responses in the post-ischemic brain and in the peripheral environment remain largely uncharacterized. In this review, we summarize the current literature on post-stroke injury progression, its chronic pathological features, and the putative secondary injury mechanisms underlying the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. We present findings from clinical and experimental studies and discuss the long-term effects of ischemic stroke on both brain anatomy and functional outcome. Identifying mechanisms that occur months to years after injury could lead to treatment strategies in the chronic phase of stroke to help mitigate stroke-associated cognitive decline in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grant W Goodman
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Trang H Do
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rodney M Ritzel
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Lee J, Peesh P, Quaicoe V, Tan C, Banerjee A, Mooz P, Ganesh BP, Petrosino J, Bryan RM, McCullough LD, Venna VR. Estradiol mediates colonic epithelial protection in aged mice after stroke and is associated with shifts in the gut microbiome. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2271629. [PMID: 37910478 PMCID: PMC10730206 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2271629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut is a major source of bacteria and antigens that contribute to neuroinflammation after brain injury. Colonic epithelial cells (ECs) are responsible for secreting major cellular components of the innate defense system, including antimicrobial proteins (AMP) and mucins. These cells serve as a critical regulator of gut barrier function and maintain host-microbe homeostasis. In this study, we determined post-stroke host defense responses at the colonic epithelial surface in mice. We then tested if the enhancement of these epithelial protective mechanisms is beneficial in young and aged mice after stroke. AMPs were significantly increased in the colonic ECs of young males, but not in young females after experimental stroke. In contrast, mucin-related genes were enhanced in young females and contributed to mucus formation that maintains the distance between the host and gut bacteria. Bacterial community profiling was done using universal amplification of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The sex-specific colonic epithelial defense responses after stroke in young females were reversed with ovariectomy and led to a shift from a predominately mucin response to the enhanced AMP expression seen in males after stroke. Estradiol (E2) replacement prior to stroke in aged females increased mucin gene expression in the colonic ECs. Interestingly, we found that E2 treatment reduced stroke-associated neuronal hyperactivity in the insular cortex, a brain region that interacts with visceral organs such as the gut, in parallel to an increase in the composition of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiota. This is the first study demonstrating sex differences in host defense mechanisms in the gut after brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pedram Peesh
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Victoria Quaicoe
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anik Banerjee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patrick Mooz
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bhanu P. Ganesh
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph Petrosino
- Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Robert M. Bryan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Louise D. McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Hermann Hospital-Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Venugopal Reddy Venna
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Nguyen JN, Mohan EC, Pandya G, Ali U, Tan C, Kofler JK, Shapiro L, Marrelli SP, Chauhan A. CD13 facilitates immune cell migration and aggravates acute injury but promotes chronic post-stroke recovery. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:232. [PMID: 37817190 PMCID: PMC10566099 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02918-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute stroke leads to the activation of myeloid cells. These cells express adhesion molecules and transmigrate to the brain, thereby aggravating injury. Chronically after stroke, repair processes, including angiogenesis, are activated and enhance post-stroke recovery. Activated myeloid cells express CD13, which facilitates their migration into the site of injury. However, angiogenic blood vessels which play a role in recovery also express CD13. Overall, the specific contribution of CD13 to acute and chronic stroke outcomes is unknown. METHODS CD13 expression was estimated in both mice and humans after the ischemic stroke. Young (8-12 weeks) male wild-type and global CD13 knockout (KO) mice were used for this study. Mice underwent 60 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion. For acute studies, the mice were euthanized at either 24- or 72 h post-stroke. For chronic studies, the Y-maze, Barnes maze, and the open field were performed on day 7 and day 28 post-stroke. Mice were euthanized at day 30 post-stroke and the brains were collected for assessment of inflammation, white matter injury, tissue loss, and angiogenesis. Flow cytometry was performed on days 3 and 7 post-stroke to quantify infiltrated monocytes and neutrophils and CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling. RESULTS Brain CD13 expression and infiltrated CD13+ monocytes and neutrophils increased acutely after the stroke. The brain CD13+lectin+ blood vessels increased on day 15 after the stroke. Similarly, an increase in the percentage area CD13 was observed in human stroke patients at the subacute time after stroke. Deletion of CD13 resulted in reduced infarct volume and improved neurological recovery after acute stroke. However, CD13KO mice had significantly worse memory deficits, amplified gliosis, and white matter damage compared to wild-type animals at chronic time points. CD13-deficient mice had an increased percentage of CXCL12+cells but a reduced percentage of CXCR4+cells and decreased angiogenesis at day 30 post-stroke. CONCLUSIONS CD13 is involved in the trans-migration of monocytes and neutrophils after stroke, and acutely, led to decreased infarct size and improved behavioral outcomes. However, loss of CD13 led to reductions in post-stroke angiogenesis by reducing CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin N Nguyen
- University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric C Mohan
- University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Gargee Pandya
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Uzma Ali
- Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julia K Kofler
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Linda Shapiro
- Center for Vascular Biology, The University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Sean P Marrelli
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Conesa MPB, Blixt FW, Peesh P, Khan R, Korf J, Lee J, Jagadeesan G, Andersohn A, Das TK, Tan C, Di Gesu C, Colpo GD, Moruno-Manchón JF, McCullough LD, Bryan R, Ganesh BP. Stabilizing histamine release in gut mast cells mitigates peripheral and central inflammation after stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:230. [PMID: 37805585 PMCID: PMC10560441 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02887-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the most common cause of long-term disability and places a high economic burden on the global healthcare system. Functional outcomes from stroke are largely determined by the extent of ischemic injury, however, there is growing recognition that systemic inflammatory responses also contribute to outcomes. Mast cells (MCs) rapidly respond to injury and release histamine (HA), a pro-inflammatory neurotransmitter that enhances inflammation. The gut serves as a major reservoir of HA. We hypothesized that cromolyn, a mast cell stabilizer that prevents the release of inflammatory mediators, would decrease peripheral and central inflammation, reduce MC trafficking to the brain, and improve stroke outcomes. We used the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of ischemic stroke in aged (18 mo) male mice to investigate the role of MC in neuroinflammation post-stroke. After MCAO we treated mice with 25 mg/kg body weight of cromolyn (MC stabilizer) by oral gavage. Cromolyn was administered at 3 h, 10 h, 24 h and every 24 h for 3 days post-stroke. Three control groups were used. One group underwent a sham surgery and was treated with cromolyn, one received sham surgery with PBS vehicle and the third underwent MCAO with PBS vehicle. Mice were euthanized at 24 h and 3 days post-stroke. Cromolyn administration significantly reduced MC numbers in the brain at both 24 h and 3 days post-stroke. Infarct volume was not significantly different between groups, however improved functional outcomes were seen at 3 days post-stroke in mice that received cromolyn. Treatment with cromolyn reduced plasma histamine and IL-6 levels in both the 24-h and 3-day cohorts. Gut MCs numbers were significantly reduced after cromolyn treatment at 24 h and 3 days after stroke. To determine if MC trafficking from the gut to the brain occurred after injury, GFP+MCs were adoptively transferred to c-kit-/- MC knock-out animals prior to MCAO. 24 h after stroke, elevated MC recruitment was seen in the ischemic brain. Preventing MC histamine release by cromolyn improved gut barrier integrity and an improvement in stroke-induced dysbiosis was seen with treatment. Our results show that preventing MC histamine release possesses prevents post-stroke neuroinflammation and improves neurological and functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Blasco Conesa
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Frank W Blixt
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pedram Peesh
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Romeesa Khan
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Janelle Korf
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Juneyoung Lee
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gayathri Jagadeesan
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Alexander Andersohn
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tushar K Das
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Claudia Di Gesu
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Gabriela Delevati Colpo
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Louise D McCullough
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Robert Bryan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bhanu P Ganesh
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Zhu X, Zhou B, Pattni R, Gleason K, Tan C, Kalinowski A, Sloan S, Fiston-Lavier AS, Mariani J, Petrov D, Barres BA, Duncan L, Abyzov A, Vogel H, Moran JV, Vaccarino FM, Tamminga CA, Levinson DF, Urban AE. Author Correction: Machine learning reveals bilateral distribution of somatic L1 insertions in human neurons and glia. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:1833. [PMID: 37648813 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01438-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Reenal Pattni
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kelly Gleason
- Division of Translational Research in Schizophrenia, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Division of Translational Research in Schizophrenia, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Agnieszka Kalinowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Steven Sloan
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anna-Sophie Fiston-Lavier
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR 5554, CNRS-UM-IRD-EPHE), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Dmitri Petrov
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ben A Barres
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Laramie Duncan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Alexej Abyzov
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hannes Vogel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - John V Moran
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Flora M Vaccarino
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Division of Translational Research in Schizophrenia, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Douglas F Levinson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Alexander E Urban
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Liu F, Wang H, Jiang C, He L, Xiao S, Yan O, Wu X, Liu W, Ye X, Fan C, Li Y, Zhao Q, Wu W, Tan C. Efficacy and Toxicity of Different Target Volume Delineations of Radiotherapy Based on the Updated RTOG/NRG and EORTC Guidelines in Patients with High Grade Glioma: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S84-S85. [PMID: 37784587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Postoperative radiotherapy with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) is the standard of care for newly diagnosed high grade glioma, but the optimal method for target volume delineations for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is still unclear. We hypothesized that compared with the EORTC guidelines, IMRT based on the updated RTOG/NRG guidelines was equally effective, without increasing toxicities for patients with high-grade glioma. The purpose of this randomized phase 2 study was to compare the efficacy and toxicity of IMRT based on different target volume delineations (updated RTOG/NRG versus EORTC guidelines) with concomitant and adjuvant TMZ for patients with high grade glioma. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 302 patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma (WHO grade 3-4) were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive postoperative IMRT based on either updated RTOG/NRG guidelines (RTOG/NRG group, n = 151) or EORTC guideline (EORTC group, n = 151), with concomitant and adjuvant TMZ. In the RTOG/NRG group, an initial volume consisting of enhancement, postoperative cavity, plus surrounding edema (or fluid-attenuated inversion recovery [FLAIR] abnormality defined by magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) and a 2-cm margin received 46 Gy in 23 fractions followed by a boost of 14 Gy in 7 fractions to the area of enhancement plus the cavity and a 2-cm margin. In the EORTC group, a single planning volume was used to deliver 60 Gy in 30 fractions to the area of enhancement and the cavity with a 2-cm margin. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS) and toxicities associated with each treatment. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were observed between groups for 1-year OS (71.8% for RTOG/NRG group and 69.9% for EORTC group, respectively; P = 0.759) or 1-year PFS (46.7% for RTOG/NRG group and 43.6% for EORTC group, respectively; P = 0.674). Efficacy did not differ by MGMT methylation status. There were no differences in grade 3-4 toxicities (leukopenia, lymphopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, fatigue, nausea and vomiting) between the two groups. No grade 5 toxicities were observed in both groups. Multivariate analyses showed that tumor MGMT status (methylated vs unmethylated) and WHO grade (grade 3 vs grade 4) were associated with OS and PFS. However, radiation type (RTOG/NRG group vs EORTC), sex, age, and Karnofsky scale did not significantly influence OS or PFS. CONCLUSION Compared with EORTC guidelines for postoperative radiotherapy, IMRT based on RTOG/NRG guidelines was equally effective, without increasing toxicities for patients with high-grade glioma. This trial is registered with chictr.org.cn, number ChiCTR2100046667.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Liu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China, Changsha, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - C Jiang
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China, Changsha, China
| | - L He
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - S Xiao
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - O Yan
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - X Wu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China, Changsha, China
| | - W Liu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China, Changsha, China
| | - X Ye
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China, Changsha, China
| | - C Fan
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China, Changsha, China
| | - Y Li
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Q Zhao
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China, Changsha, China
| | - W Wu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China, Changsha, China
| | - C Tan
- Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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10
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Ganesh BP, Peesh P, Blasco MP, Hamamy AE, Khan R, Guzman G, Honarpisheh P, Mohan EC, Goodman GW, Nguyen JN, Banerjee A, Ko KA, Korf J, Tan C, Fan H, Colpo G, Ahnstedt H, Couture L, Kofler J, Moruno-Manchon J, Maniskas M, Aronowski J, Lee J, Li J, Bryan RM, Chauhan A, Venna VR, McCullough L. Restoring a balanced pool of host-derived and microbiota-derived ligands of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is beneficial after stroke. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3143015. [PMID: 37790313 PMCID: PMC10543021 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3143015/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and its incidence increases with age. While acute therapies for stroke are currently limited to intravenous thrombolytics and endovascular thrombectomy, recent studies have implicated an important role for the gut microbiome in post-stroke neuroinflammation. After stroke, several immuno-regulatory pathways, including the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway, become activated. AHR is a master regulatory pathway that mediates neuroinflammation. Among various cell types, microglia (MG), as the resident immune cells of the brain, play a vital role in regulating post-stroke neuroinflammation and antigen presentation. Activation of AHR is dependent on a dynamic balance between host-derived and microbiota-derived ligands. While previous studies have shown that activation of MG AHR by host-derived ligands, such as kynurenine, is detrimental after stroke, the effects of post-stroke changes in microbiota-derived ligands of AHR, such as indoles, is unknown. Our study builds on the concept that differential activation of MG AHR by host-derived versus microbiome-derived metabolites affects outcomes after ischemic stroke. We examined the link between stroke-induced dysbiosis and loss of essential microbiota-derived AHR ligands. We hypothesize that restoring the balance between host-derived (kynurenine) and microbiota-derived (indoles) ligands of AHR is beneficial after stroke, offering a new potential avenue for therapeutic intervention in post-stroke neuroinflammation. Method We performed immunohistochemical analysis of brain samples from stroke patients to assess MG AHR expression after stroke. We used metabolomics analysis of plasma samples from stroke and non-stroke control patients with matched comorbidities to determine the levels of indole-based AHR ligands after stroke. We performed transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in aged (18 months) wild-type (WT) and germ-free (GF) mice to investigate the effects of post-stroke treatment with microbiota-derived indoles on outcome. To generate our results, we employed a range of methodologies, including flow cytometry, metabolomics, and 16S microbiome sequencing. Results We found that MG AHR expression is increased in human brain after stroke and after ex vivo oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R). Microbiota-derived ligands of AHR are decreased in the human plasma at 24 hours after ischemic stroke. Kynurenine and indoles exhibited differential effects on aged WT MG survival after ex vivoOGD/R. We found that specific indole-based ligands of AHR (indole-3-propionic acid and indole-3-aldehyde) were absent in GF mice, thus their production depends on the presence of a functional gut microbiota. Additionally, a time-dependent decrease in the concentration of these indole-based AHR ligands occurred in the brain within the first 24 hours after stroke in aged WT mice. Post-stroke treatment of GF mice with a cocktail of microbiota-derived indole-based ligands of AHR regulated MG-mediated neuroinflammation and molecules involved in antigen presentation (increased CD80, MHC-II, and CD11b). Post-stroke treatment of aged WT mice with microbiota-derived indole-based ligands of AHR reduced both infarct volume and neurological deficits at 24 hours. Conclusion Our novel findings provide compelling evidence that the restoration of a well-balanced pool of host-derived kynurenine-based and microbiota-derived indole-based ligands of AHR holds considerable therapeutic potential for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Priya Ganesh
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Pedram Peesh
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Maria Pilar Blasco
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Ahmad El Hamamy
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Romeesa Khan
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Gary Guzman
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Parisa Honarpisheh
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Eric C Mohan
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Grant W Goodman
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Justin N Nguyen
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | | - Kyung Ae Ko
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Janelle Korf
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | | - Huihui Fan
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Gabriela Colpo
- The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, 77030, TX
| | - Hilda Ahnstedt
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Lucy Couture
- The University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, 77030, TX
| | | | - Jose Moruno-Manchon
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, the University of Texas McGovern Medical School at Houston, 77030, TX
| | - Michael Maniskas
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | | - Juneyoung Lee
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Jun Li
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | | | | | | - Louise McCullough
- McGovern Medical School/University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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Heenan TMM, Mombrini I, Llewellyn A, Checchia S, Tan C, Johnson MJ, Jnawali A, Garbarino G, Jervis R, Brett DJL, Di Michiel M, Shearing PR. Mapping internal temperatures during high-rate battery applications. Nature 2023; 617:507-512. [PMID: 37198308 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05913-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Electric vehicles demand high charge and discharge rates creating potentially dangerous temperature rises. Lithium-ion cells are sealed during their manufacture, making internal temperatures challenging to probe1. Tracking current collector expansion using X-ray diffraction (XRD) permits non-destructive internal temperature measurements2; however, cylindrical cells are known to experience complex internal strain3,4. Here, we characterize the state of charge, mechanical strain and temperature within lithium-ion 18650 cells operated at high rates (above 3C) by means of two advanced synchrotron XRD methods: first, as entire cross-sectional temperature maps during open-circuit cooling and second, single-point temperatures during charge-discharge cycling. We observed that a 20-minute discharge on an energy-optimized cell (3.5 Ah) resulted in internal temperatures above 70 °C, whereas a faster 12-minute discharge on a power-optimized cell (1.5 Ah) resulted in substantially lower temperatures (below 50 °C). However, when comparing the two cells under the same electrical current, the peak temperatures were similar, for example, a 6 A discharge resulted in 40 °C peak temperatures for both cell types. We observe that the operando temperature rise is due to heat accumulation, strongly influenced by the charging protocol, for example, constant current and/or constant voltage; mechanisms that worsen with cycling because degradation increases the cell resistance. Design mitigations for temperature-related battery issues should now be explored using this new methodology to provide opportunities for improved thermal management during high-rate electric vehicle applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M M Heenan
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, London, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - I Mombrini
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, London, UK
- The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France
| | - A Llewellyn
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, London, UK
| | - S Checchia
- The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France
| | - C Tan
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, London, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - M J Johnson
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, London, UK
| | - A Jnawali
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, London, UK
| | | | - R Jervis
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, London, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | - D J L Brett
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, London, UK
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK
| | | | - P R Shearing
- Electrochemical Innovation Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College of London, London, UK.
- The Faraday Institution, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, UK.
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Wu B, Luo H, Tan C, Qi X, Sloan FA, Kamer AR, Schwartz MD, Martinez M, Plassman BL. Diabetes, Edentulism, and Cognitive Decline: A 12-Year Prospective Analysis. J Dent Res 2023:220345231155825. [PMID: 36908186 PMCID: PMC10399080 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231155825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a recognized risk factor for dementia, and increasing evidence shows that tooth loss is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. However, the effect of the co-occurrence of DM and edentulism on cognitive decline is understudied. This 12-y cohort study aimed to assess the effect of the co-occurrence of DM and edentulism on cognitive decline and examine whether the effect differs by age group. Data were drawn from the 2006 to 2018 Health and Retirement Study. The study sample included 5,440 older adults aged 65 to 74 y, 3,300 aged 75 to 84 y, and 1,208 aged 85 y or older. Linear mixed-effect regression was employed to model the rates of cognitive decline stratified by age cohorts. Compared with their counterparts with neither DM nor edentulism at baseline, older adults aged 65 to 74 y (β = -1.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.56 to -0.65; P < 0.001) and those aged 75 to 84 y with both conditions (β = -1.35; 95% CI, -2.09 to -0.61; P < 0.001) had a worse cognitive function. For the rate of cognitive decline, compared to those with neither condition from the same age cohort, older adults aged 65 to 74 y with both conditions declined at a higher rate (β = -0.15; 95% CI, -0.20 to -0.10; P < 0.001). Having DM alone led to an accelerated cognitive decline in older adults aged 65 to 74 y (β = -0.09; 95% CI, -0.13 to -0.05; P < 0.001); having edentulism alone led to an accelerated decline in older adults aged 65 to 74 y (β = -0.13; 95% CI, -0.17 to -0.08; P < 0.001) and older adults aged 75 to 84 (β = -0.10; 95% CI, -0.17 to -0.03; P < 0.01). Our study finds the co-occurrence of DM and edentulism led to a worse cognitive function and a faster cognitive decline in older adults aged 65 to 74 y.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Wu
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - H Luo
- Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - C Tan
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - X Qi
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - F A Sloan
- Department of Economics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - A R Kamer
- College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M D Schwartz
- Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Martinez
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - B L Plassman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Ritzel RM, Li Y, Jiao Y, Lei Z, Doran SJ, He J, Shahror RA, Henry RJ, Khan R, Tan C, Liu S, Stoica BA, Faden AI, Szeto G, Loane DJ, Wu J. Brain injury accelerates the onset of a reversible age-related microglial phenotype associated with inflammatory neurodegeneration. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadd1101. [PMID: 36888713 PMCID: PMC9995070 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lipofuscin is an autofluorescent (AF) pigment formed by lipids and misfolded proteins, which accumulates in postmitotic cells with advanced age. Here, we immunophenotyped microglia in the brain of old C57BL/6 mice (>18 months old) and demonstrate that in comparison to young mice, one-third of old microglia are AF, characterized by profound changes in lipid and iron content, phagocytic activity, and oxidative stress. Pharmacological depletion of microglia in old mice eliminated the AF microglia following repopulation and reversed microglial dysfunction. Age-related neurological deficits and neurodegeneration after traumatic brain injury (TBI) were attenuated in old mice lacking AF microglia. Furthermore, increased phagocytic activity, lysosomal burden, and lipid accumulation in microglia persisted for up to 1 year after TBI, were modified by APOE4 genotype, and chronically driven by phagocyte-mediated oxidative stress. Thus, AF may reflect a pathological state in aging microglia associated with increased phagocytosis of neurons and myelin and inflammatory neurodegeneration that can be further accelerated by TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney M. Ritzel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Yun Jiao
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Zhuofan Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Sarah J. Doran
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Junyun He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Rami A. Shahror
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Henry
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Romeesa Khan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77370, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77370, USA
| | - Shaolin Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Bogdan A. Stoica
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Alan I. Faden
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- University of Maryland Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Gregory Szeto
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
- Allen Institute for Immunology and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - David J. Loane
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Junfang Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- University of Maryland Center to Advance Chronic Pain Research, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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14
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Walcott S, Tan C, Wicker J, Litovsky S. Subclinical maternal autoimmune disease leading to congenital high degree atrioventricular heart block. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00348-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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15
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Alenchery AJ, Yeaney NK, Chen CB, Talati R, Vogelius E, Tan C, Radhakrishnan K. A rare case of hepatic sinusoidal occlusive syndrome in a premature neonate with trisomy 21. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2023; 16:735-740. [PMID: 38073401 DOI: 10.3233/npm-230094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome) may lead to multiple hematological and hepatobiliary manifestations including the development of transient abnormal myelopoiesis. While many cases resolve, transient abnormal myelopoiesis may lead to significant morbidity and mortality in a small percentage of patients. This condition may present a diagnostic challenge for physicians and currently there is only limited data on effective treatments, particularly with low blast percent transient abnormal myelopoiesis. We present a case of a neonate with trisomy 21 and multiple congenital anomalies who consequently developed hepatic failure with evidence of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension likely due to transient abnormal myelopoiesis. This clinical scenario highlights the need for additional evaluation for transient abnormal myelopoiesis associated hepatic disorder and possibly hepatic sinusoidal occlusive syndrome among trisomy 21 neonates particularly with low blast percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Alenchery
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - N K Yeaney
- Neonatal Director, Fetal Care Center, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C B Chen
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - R Talati
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - E Vogelius
- Section Head, Pediatric Radiology, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - C Tan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - K Radhakrishnan
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland, OH, USA
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16
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He KD, Davis C, Ahn J, Gilligan HM, Tan C. 1465. A Randomized Double-Blinded Placebo-Controlled Study to Determine Efficacy of Immunoglobulin Therapy to Treat BK Viremia in Renal Transplant Recipients. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac492.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
BK viremia in renal transplant recipients increases risk of BK virus-associated nephropathy (BKVAN), posing a threat to allograft function. Up to 30% of all renal transplant recipients develop BK viremia and 1-10% will develop BKVAN. With no effective antiviral, the mainstay of therapy to prevent BKVAN is immunosuppression reduction (IR). Case series showed potential efficacy of using intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) to treat BK viremia. However, a randomized placebo-controlled study is needed.
Methods
A multicenter prospective double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled proof-of-concept study was conducted at three transplant institutions. 14 adult renal transplant recipients diagnosed with BK viremia were randomized (1:1) to receive IVIG and IR versus placebo and IR and were followed for 12 months, with the primary endpoint defined as resolution of BK viremia by month 3. Samples were collected at 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months for viral load quantification and immunological assays.
Results
At enrollment, clinical characteristics of the IVIG group (n = 5) were similar to the control group (n = 9), except that a larger number of participants in the control group had delayed graft function (0% vs. 77.8%, p = 0.02) and a higher baseline BK viral load (11300 vs 99300 copies/mL, p = 0.04). At 3 months, 2 out of 5 patients in the treatment group and 4 out of 9 patients in the control group cleared their viremia (40% vs 44.4%, RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.21 – 3.35, p > 0.99). Patients who received IVIG and IR had reduction in viral load at 6 months only (11300 vs 141 copies/mL, p = 0.008). Those who received IR alone had continued reduction in viral load starting at 2 months (99300 vs 4700, 1542, 906, 278 copies/mL; p < 0.05). No participant progressed to BKVAN. Immunological profiles of each participant will be correlated to the viral load.
Serum BK viral loads were higher in the placebo group than the IVIG group at enrollment, but not significantly different between the two groups at any of the follow-up time points. The dotted line represents threshold of viremia clearance at less than 1000 copies/mL. * p = 0.04. Bar – median (Mann-Whitney between group comparisons).
Median serum BK viral loads of the IVIG group decreased at the 6 months follow-up time point. The dotted line represents threshold of viremia clearance at less than 1000 copies/mL. ** p = 0.008 (Mann-Whitney comparing enrollment to each follow-up time point).
Median serum BK viral loads of the placebo group continued to decrease at each follow-up time point. The dotted line represents threshold of viremia clearance at less than 1000 copies/mL. * p = 0.04; ** p = 0.006; *** p = 0.0008, 0.0003 (Mann-Whitney comparing enrollment to each follow-up time point).
Conclusion
This proof-of-concept study illustrates that a clinical trial of IVIG versus placebo for the treatment of BK viremia in renal transplant recipients is feasible. IVIG may not be more effective than IR alone; its immunosuppressive effect may even limit BK clearance. A larger sample is needed to attenuate baseline differences between groups and to provide a higher level of evidence on IVIG therapy in BK viremia.
Disclosures
All Authors: No reported disclosures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D He
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Caitlin Davis
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jenny Ahn
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - C Tan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Boston, Massachusetts
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17
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Tan C, Hou Y, Qiao YS, Chen JY, Sun XH. [The study of the correlation between age and the pathogenic factors of primary glaucoma: a review]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 58:1106-1110. [PMID: 36480899 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112142-20220616-00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Age is an important risk factor for primary glaucoma. While the specific mechanism of primary glaucoma remained unclear, the change of ocular anatomy, the disturbance of aqueous humor balance, the change of ocular biomechanics and the disorder of neurometabolism contribute to the occurrence and development of primary glaucoma. This paper reviewes the latest studies on the correlation between age and the risk factors of glaucoma in the above four aspects, so as to provide some references for the in-depth discussion of the pathophysiology of primary glaucoma, and advancement on diagnosis, treatment and research of primary glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Y Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Y S Qiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - J Y Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - X H Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia, Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai 200031, China
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18
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Issler O, van der Zee YY, Ramakrishnan A, Xia S, Zinsmaier AK, Tan C, Li W, Browne CJ, Walker DM, Salery M, Torres-Berrío A, Futamura R, Duffy JE, Labonte B, Girgenti MJ, Tamminga CA, Dupree JL, Dong Y, Murrough JW, Shen L, Nestler EJ. The long noncoding RNA FEDORA is a cell type- and sex-specific regulator of depression. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabn9494. [PMID: 36449610 PMCID: PMC9710883 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abn9494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Women suffer from depression at twice the rate of men, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we identify marked baseline sex differences in the expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of regulatory transcripts, in human postmortem brain tissue that are profoundly lost in depression. One such human lncRNA, RP11-298D21.1 (which we termed FEDORA), is enriched in oligodendrocytes and neurons and up-regulated in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of depressed females only. We found that virally expressing FEDORA selectively either in neurons or in oligodendrocytes of PFC promoted depression-like behavioral abnormalities in female mice only, changes associated with cell type-specific regulation of synaptic properties, myelin thickness, and gene expression. We also found that blood FEDORA levels have diagnostic implications for depressed women and are associated with clinical response to ketamine. These findings demonstrate the important role played by lncRNAs, and FEDORA in particular, in shaping the sex-specific landscape of the brain and contributing to sex differences in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orna Issler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yentl Y. van der Zee
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aarthi Ramakrishnan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sunhui Xia
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Caleb J. Browne
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Deena M. Walker
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marine Salery
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angélica Torres-Berrío
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rita Futamura
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Julia E. Duffy
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benoit Labonte
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew J. Girgenti
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey L. Dupree
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yan Dong
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - James W. Murrough
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Shen
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eric J. Nestler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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19
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Chew N, Teo V, Tan C, Kong G, Chin YH, Ambhore A, Low A, Lee CH, Chan MY, Tan HC, Ph LOH. A 10-year cohort on prognostic outcomes in patients presenting with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock and/or cardiac arrest. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cardiogenic shock (CS) and cardiac arrest (CA) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) portend unfavourable outcomes. This study examined the prognosis of patients presenting with AMI complicated by CS and/or CA.
Methods
Consecutive patients presented with AMI to a percutaneous coronary intervention-capable tertiary institution between 2011 and 2021 were studied. Patients were stratified based on the presence or absence of CS (CS+ or CS−) and CA (CA+ or CA−). The primary outcome was 30-day cardiovascular-related mortality. Subgroup analyses based on AMI-type and sex were conducted. Kaplan-Meier curves for cardiovascular-related mortality based on the AMI-type and sex were constructed.
Results
The study included 11,608 AMI patients, 283 of whom had CS+/CA+, 1,068 had CS+/CA−, 54 had CS−/CA+ and 10,203 had CS−/CA−. Cardiovascular-related mortality was significantly higher for CS+/CA+ (57.6%), followed by CS+/CA− (41.6%), CS−/CA+ (20.4%) and CS−/CA− (2.4%). Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated CS+/CA+ group had the highest mortality (HR=36.26; 95% CI: 29.71–44.25, p<0.001), followed by CS+/CA− (HR=21.59; 95% CI: 18.47–25.24, p<0.001) and CS−/CA+ (HR=9.18; 95% CI: 5.02–16.80, p<0.001), with CS−/CA− as the reference. Those with NSTEMI had consistently higher cardiovascular-related mortality rates than their STEMI counterparts for all groups, apart from the CS+/CA+ group. The sex-specific analysis demonstrated that the survival curves for females with CS+/CA+, CS+/CA− and CS−/CA+ converged, whilst the survival curves for males diverged over time. The multivariable Cox regression revealed the presence of CS and CA are independent predictors of cardiovascular-related mortality, but not NSTEMI, when adjusted for age, gender, diabetes, left ventricular ejection fraction, chronic renal failure, and culprit vessel.
Conclusions
AMI associated with CA and CS portends the least favourable survival, followed by those with CS or CA alone. Excess mortality was observed in the traditionally perceived lower-risk groups, particularly in women. This calls for increased awareness amongst clinicians when managing this subset of high-risk patients.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chew
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - V Teo
- National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
| | - C Tan
- National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
| | - G Kong
- National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Y H Chin
- National University of Singapore , Singapore , Singapore
| | - A Ambhore
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - A Low
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - C H Lee
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - M Y Chan
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - H C Tan
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
| | - L O H Ph
- National University Heart Centre , Singapore , Singapore
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20
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Chua M, Sim A, Hakansson A, Ong E, Low K, Tan C, Tan J, Lau A, Tuan J, Tan T, Wang M, Yeong J, Tan M, Lee L, Kanesvaran R, Tay K, Liu S, Khor L, Davicioni E. 1408P Comparative transcriptomic analyses of 100,691 primary tumors from East Asian (EA) and North American (NA) men with prostate cancer (PCa). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.1894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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21
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Toh H, Yang MH, Wang HM, Hsieh CY, Chitapanarux I, Ho K, Hong RL, Ang MK, Colevas D, Sirachainan E, Lertbutsayanukul C, Ho G, Samol J, Huang Z, Tan C, Ding C, Myo A. 652O Randomized phase III VANCE study: Gemcitabine and carboplatin (GC) followed by Epstein Barr virus-specific autologous cytotoxic T lymphocytes (EBV-CTL) versus the same chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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22
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Gupta P, Strange K, Telange R, Guo A, Hatch H, Sobh A, Elie J, Carter AM, Totenhagen J, Tan C, Sonawane YA, Neuzil J, Natarajan A, Ovens AJ, Oakhill JS, Wiederhold T, Pacak K, Ghayee HK, Meijer L, Reddy S, Bibb JA. Genetic impairment of succinate metabolism disrupts bioenergetic sensing in adrenal neuroendocrine cancer. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111218. [PMID: 35977518 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction mutations can impair energy sensing and cause cancer. Loss of function of the mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle enzyme subunit succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB) results in various forms of cancer typified by pheochromocytoma (PC). Here we delineate a signaling cascade where the loss of SDHB induces the Warburg effect, triggers dysregulation of [Ca2+]i, and aberrantly activates calpain and protein kinase Cdk5, through conversion of its cofactor from p35 to p25. Consequently, aberrant Cdk5 initiates a phospho-signaling cascade where GSK3 inhibition inactivates energy sensing by AMP kinase through dephosphorylation of the AMP kinase γ subunit, PRKAG2. Overexpression of p25-GFP in mouse adrenal chromaffin cells also elicits this phosphorylation signaling and causes PC. A potent Cdk5 inhibitor, MRT3-007, reverses this phospho-cascade, invoking a senescence-like phenotype. This therapeutic approach halted tumor progression in vivo. Thus, we reveal an important mechanistic feature of metabolic sensing and demonstrate that its dysregulation underlies tumor progression in PC and likely other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Gupta
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Keehn Strange
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Rahul Telange
- Department of Hematology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ailan Guo
- Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA 01923, USA
| | - Heather Hatch
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Amin Sobh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Jonathan Elie
- Perha Pharmaceuticals, Hôtel de Recherche, Perharidy Peninsula, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Angela M Carter
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - John Totenhagen
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- UT Health Science Center at Houston, Department of Neurology, University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yogesh A Sonawane
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West 252 50, Czech Republic; School of Pharmacy Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Amarnath Natarajan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ashley J Ovens
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jonathan S Oakhill
- Metabolic Signalling Laboratory, St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Hans K Ghayee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Florida College of Medicine and Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Laurent Meijer
- Perha Pharmaceuticals, Hôtel de Recherche, Perharidy Peninsula, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Sushanth Reddy
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - James A Bibb
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; O'Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center and the Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
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23
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Thomas R, Hernandez A, Benavides DR, Li W, Tan C, Umfress A, Plattner F, Chakraborti A, Pozzo-Miller L, Taylor SS, Bibb JA. Integrated regulation of PKA by fast and slow neurotransmission in the nucleus accumbens controls plasticity and stress responses. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102245. [PMID: 35835216 PMCID: PMC9386499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical glutamate and midbrain dopamine neurotransmission converge to mediate striatum-dependent behaviors, while maladaptations in striatal circuitry contribute to mental disorders. However, the crosstalk between glutamate and dopamine signaling has not been entirely elucidated. Here we uncover a molecular mechanism by which glutamatergic and dopaminergic signaling integrate to regulate cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) via phosphorylation of the PKA regulatory subunit, RIIβ. Using a combination of biochemical, pharmacological, neurophysiological, and behavioral approaches, we find that glutamate-dependent reduction in cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5)-dependent RIIβ phosphorylation alters the PKA holoenzyme autoinhibitory state to increase PKA signaling in response to dopamine. Furthermore, we show that disruption of RIIβ phosphorylation by Cdk5 enhances cortico-ventral striatal synaptic plasticity. In addition, we demonstrate that acute and chronic stress in rats inversely modulate RIIβ phosphorylation and ventral striatal infusion of a small interfering peptide that selectively targets RIIβ regulation by Cdk5 improves behavioral response to stress. We propose this new signaling mechanism integrating ventral striatal glutamate and dopamine neurotransmission is important to brain function, may contribute to neuropsychiatric conditions, and serves as a possible target for the development of novel therapeutics for stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Thomas
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Adan Hernandez
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla 76230, Santiago de Querétaro, Querétaro, México; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - David R Benavides
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Civitan International Research Center, The University of Alabama Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Alan Umfress
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Florian Plattner
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ayanabha Chakraborti
- Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Lucas Pozzo-Miller
- Department of Neurobiology, Civitan International Research Center, The University of Alabama Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Susan S Taylor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - James A Bibb
- Department of Neurobiology, Civitan International Research Center, The University of Alabama Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama Birmingham Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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24
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Li JL, Su YJ, Dong BQ, Wu QJ, Yang QL, Chen QY, Chen SY, Tan C, Ju Y, Li H. [Association of DNA methylation of IFNG gene with no/low response to hepatitis B vaccine in children]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 56:926-931. [PMID: 35899344 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220125-00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the association of DNA methylation with immune response to hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine in Han nationality children from Guangxi province. Methods: A total of 263 children aged 8-9 months who had completed HepB immunization program were recruited from three hospitals in Guangxi province by using unmatched case-control method. Children with the HepB surface antibody concentration(Anti-HBs)<100 mIU/ml was set as the case group and ≥100 mIU/ml as the control group. Multiplex PCR and heavy sulfite sequencing were used to treat the samples. Illumina platform was used for high-throughput DNA methylation sequencing of IFNG gene target regions and CpG sites. Unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the association between cytosine-phospho-guanosine DNA methylation at 18 loci of IFNG gene and HepB immune response level. Results: There were 104 children in the case group and 159 in the control group. The median (Q1, Q3) level of anti-HBs in two groups were 62.34 (30.06, 98.88) mIU/ml and 1 089.10 (710.35, 1 233.45) mIU/ml. The methylation levels of IFNG_1 gene 44 and 93 locus in the case group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The unconditional logistic regression model showed that the DNA methylation level of IFNG_1 gene at 44 (OR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.03-1.35) and 93 (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.07-1.38) locus was associated with the HepB response level. Conclusion: The changes of DNA methylation at locus 44 and 93 of IFNG_1 gene may be relevant factors affecting the response level of HepB in Han nationality children from Guangxi province.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Li
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Y J Su
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - B Q Dong
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Q J Wu
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Q L Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - Q Y Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - S Y Chen
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
| | - C Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical College, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Y Ju
- Department of Emergent Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning 530028, China
| | - H Li
- Department of epidemiology, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, China
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Hu T, Meng L, Tan C, Luo C, He WB, Tu C, Zhang H, Du J, Nie H, Lu GX, Lin G, Tan YQ. P-524 Bi-allelic CFAP61 variants cause male infertility in humans and mice with severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Hum Reprod 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac104.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Are mutations in cilia and flagella-associated protein 61 (CFAP61) associated with human male infertility?
Summary answer
Bi-allelic variants ([NM_015585.4: c.1654C>T (p.R552C) and c.2911G>A (p.D971N), c.144-2A>G and c.1666G>A (p.G556R)] in CFAP61 were identified as contributory genetics factor in severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT).
What is known already
Cfap61 knockout mice were infertile due to multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF). However, so far there is no direct evidence that mutations of CFAP61 cause OAT and male infertility.
Study design, size, duration
Variant screening was performed by whole-exome sequencing (WES) from 325 infertile patients with OAT and 392 fertile individuals. A knockout mouse model was generate to confirm the candidate disease-causing gene, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was used to evaluate the efficiency of clinical treatment.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
A total 325 OAT-affected patients and 392 men with normal fertility were recruited from China. WES was performed, followed by Sanger sequencing validation. In silico bioinformatics predictions and in vitro functional analyses were performed to evaluate the impacts of candidate disease-causing variants. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence assays were performed to evaluate the sperm morphology. Two OAT-affected men with CFAP61 variants were treated by ICSI, and pregnancy outcomes were followed.
Main results and the role of chance
We identified bi-allelic CFAP61 variants [NM_015585.4: c.1654C>T (p.R552C) and c.2911G>A (p.D971N), c.144-2A>G and c.1666G>A (p.G556R)] in two (0.62%) of the 325 OAT-affected men. In silico bioinformatics analysis predicted that all four variants were deleterious, and in vitro functional analysis confirmed the deleterious effects of the mutants. Notably, H&E staining and electron microscopy analyses of the spermatozoa revealed multiple morphological abnormalities of sperm flagella, the absence of central pair microtubules, and mitochondrial sheath malformation in sperm flagella from man with CFAP61 variants. Further immunofluorescence assays revealed markedly reduced CFAP61 staining in the sperm flagella. In addition, Cfap61-deficient mice showed the OAT phenotype, suggesting that loss of function of CFAP61 was the cause of OAT. Two individuals accepted ICSI therapy using their own ejaculated sperm, and one of them succeeded in fathering a healthy baby.
Limitations, reasons for caution
Limitations include the lack of in vivo data from the one of patients, and the exact molecular mechanism should be further investigated.
Wider implications of the findings
Our findings indicate that CFAP61 is essential for spermatogenesis and that bi-allelic CFAP61 variants lead to OAT and male infertility in humans and mice. In addition, our results show that ICSI treatment can be recommended for CFAP61-related OAT.
Trial registration number
not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- T Hu
- Central South University, Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering- School of Basic Medical Science , Changsha, China
| | - L Meng
- Central South University, Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering- School of Basic Medical Science , Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province , Changsha, China
| | - C Tan
- Central South University, Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering- School of Basic Medical Science , Changsha, China
| | - C Luo
- Central South University, Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering- School of Basic Medical Science , Changsha, China
| | - W B He
- Central South University, Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering- School of Basic Medical Science , Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province , Changsha, China
| | - C Tu
- Central South University, Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering- School of Basic Medical Science , Changsha, China
| | - H Zhang
- Central South University, Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering- School of Basic Medical Science , Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province , Changsha, China
| | - J Du
- Central South University, Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering- School of Basic Medical Science , Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province , Changsha, China
| | - H Nie
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province , Changsha, China
| | - G X Lu
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province , Changsha, China
| | - G Lin
- Central South University, Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering- School of Basic Medical Science , Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province , Changsha, China
| | - Y Q Tan
- Central South University, Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering- School of Basic Medical Science , Changsha, China
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province , Changsha, China
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Bolten J, Tan C. The challenge of creating procedure-specific (PROSPECT) recommendations for postoperative pain management after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Anaesthesia 2022; 77:936. [PMID: 35319777 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Bolten
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - C Tan
- St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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Chieng D, Sugumar H, Segan L, Tan C, Vizi D, Al-Kaisey A, Hawson J, Prabhu S, Voskoboinik A, Morton J, Lee G, Mariani J, Le Gerche A, Kistler P, Kalman J, Kaye D, Ling L. Catheter Ablation in Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Improves Peak Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure, Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life. A Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT-STALL HFpEF). Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hernandez A, Tan C, Plattner F, Logsdon AF, Pozo K, Yousuf MA, Singh T, Turner RC, Lucke-Wold BP, Huber JD, Rosen CL, Bibb JA. Correction to: Exposure to mild blast forces induces neuropathological effects, neurophysiological deficits and biochemical changes. Mol Brain 2021; 14:164. [PMID: 34758856 PMCID: PMC8579648 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00872-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adan Hernandez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Florian Plattner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Aric F Logsdon
- Department of Neurosurgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9183, USA
| | - Karine Pozo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Mohammad A Yousuf
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Tanvir Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Ryan C Turner
- Department of Neurosurgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9183, USA
| | - Brandon P Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9183, USA
| | - Jason D Huber
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9530, USA
| | - Charles L Rosen
- Department of Neurosurgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9183, USA
| | - James A Bibb
- Departments of Surgery, Neurobiology, and Neurology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham Medical Center, 1720 2nd Ave S, THT 1052, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA.
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Chng JK, Mihir G, Lee Y, Tan C, Mansor S. To evaluate if ultrasound gel or water-based media affects ER/PR staining patterns on breast core biopsy specimens. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
IHC staining for biomarkers ER, PR and HER-2 (CerB2) forms an essential component of breast cancer management and prognostication. Staining for these biomarkers is dependent on optimal fixation of the specimen in formalin. Scoring systems employed for ER and PR grade the intensity of the nuclear staining along with the percentage of the cells stained. This study aims to determine if ultrasound gel used during core biopsy as opposed to water affects immunohistochemical staining of biomarkers ER and PR in breast cancer specimens, following an observation that ultrasound gel assisted core biopsies may affect ER/PR nuclear staining scores through excess cytoplasmic staining.
Methods/Case Report
We included a total of 50 cases of invasive breast carcinoma diagnosed on core biopsy from KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital from February 2019 to July 2020. These included 25 cases with gel and 25 cases with water applied to the breast prior to the procedure. All biopsies were optimally fixed in formalin as per recommended latest ASCO/CAP guidelines. The control group included 25 resection cases of invasive breast carcinoma which had neither gel nor water and had been optimally fixed in formalin. Cytoplasmic staining for ER and PR was graded as being present or absent and was compared against the excision specimens (control group) to determine if using the gel was significant in producing cytoplasmic staining. The data was analyzed on SPSS using multiple logistic regression.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
Using the gel appeared to be statistically significant in producing cytoplasmic staining for ER (p=0.042) as opposed to using water (p=0.274). For PR staining, both gel-based (p=0.250) and water-based media (p=0.286) were not statistically significant in causing cytoplasmic staining.
Conclusion
The preliminary findings of this small retrospective case-control study gives an insight that gel-based media may have a role in causing cytoplasmic staining for oestrogen receptor in breast cancer biopsy specimens which may interfere with accurate scoring and impact results of external quality assurance schemes to which laboratories subscribe to. However the study is limited by the small sample size and exclusion of any other pre- analytical factors like needle bore or number of cores taken which may have had an impact on the staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Chng
- Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - G Mihir
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - Y Lee
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - C Tan
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, SINGAPORE
| | - S Mansor
- KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore, SINGAPORE
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Darbyshire A, Miles J, Towers A, Tan C, Toh S. 889 Management of Paediatric Appendicitis During the First Wave of COVID-19: Comparison of Our Centre to National Practice. Br J Surg 2021. [PMCID: PMC8524615 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab259.523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aim Our hospital took part in a multi-centre prospective cohort study “the CASCADE study” investigating the management and early outcomes of children with appendicitis in the UK and Ireland during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (1). The aim of this study was to compare our local outcomes to those at a national level. Method This was a prospective cohort study with data collected from 01/04/2020 to 31/05/2020. Primary outcome was treatment strategy for appendicitis. Secondary outcomes were duration of symptoms, ultrasound findings, rate of simple vs perforated appendicitis and complications. Results Overall, only a minority (2/24 [8%]) were initially treated non-operatively, with both proceeding to appendicectomy due to pain. Remaining children (24/26 [92%]) were primarily treated with appendicectomy. All were performed laparoscopically with no conversions to open. Ultrasound was performed for most children (23/26 [88%]) which accurately identified appendicitis (22/23 [95%]) and negative appendicectomy rate of zero. Rates of complex appendicitis were not higher than expected (10/26 [38%]) but had a longer duration of symptoms (median 66.0h [IQR21.5] vs 30.0h [27.2], p = 0.008) and more complications (4 vs 1). Post-operative length of stay was significantly shorter for simple appendicitis than complicated (median 1.0d [IQR0.0] vs 4.0 [IQR2.8], p = 0.001). Conclusions Practice in our centre contrasts with the CASCADE study's National findings where 39% were treated non-operatively, only 48% of appendicectomies were performed laparoscopically, only 53% of children had diagnostic imaging and negative appendicectomy rate was 4.5%. Rates of complications for simple and complex appendicitis were similar, but post-operative length of stay shorter in our centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Darbyshire
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - J Miles
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - A Towers
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - C Tan
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - S Toh
- Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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Umfress A, Speed HE, Tan C, Ramezani S, Birnbaum S, Brekken RA, Sun X, Plattner F, Powell CM, Bibb JA. Neuropathological Effects of Chemotherapeutic Drugs. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3038-3048. [PMID: 34370453 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel treatments, screening, and detection methods have prolonged the lives of numerous cancer patients worldwide. Unfortunately, existing and many promising new chemotherapeutics can cause deleterious, off-target side effects in normal tissue and organ systems. The central and peripheral nervous systems are widely recognized as frequent off-target effectors of anticancer drugs which can produce persistent neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms collectively termed "chemobrain". Following chemotherapy, patients report several forms of cognitive impairment occurring acutely and sometimes persisting years after treatment. There are no effective treatments for cognitive decline induced by chemotherapeutics, and the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly characterized and understood. In this study, we find that chronic treatment with two common chemotherapeutic agents, cisplatin and gemcitabine, impairs brain region-specific metabolism, hippocampus-dependent memory formation, and stress response behavior. This corresponds to reduced hippocampal synaptic excitability, altered neuronal signal transduction, and neuroinflammation. These findings underline that a better understanding of the basic pathological consequences of chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment is the first step toward improving cancer treatment survivorship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Umfress
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35233, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - James A. Bibb
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35233, United States
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Liu M, Xie J, Tan C, Ruan X, Wang Z, Luo X, Lin J, Xiang L, Li A, Han Z, Liu S. [Japan narrow-band imaging Expert Team type 2B colorectal cancer: consistency between endoscopic prediction and pathological diagnosis]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2021; 41:942-946. [PMID: 34238749 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.06.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the potential factors that affect the accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis for Japan narrow-band imaging (NBI) Expert Team (JNET) type 2B colorectal lesions. OBJECTIVE The clinical data were collected from 261 patients with JNET type 2B colorectal lesions diagnosed in Nanfang Hospital between July, 2018 and July, 2021. We analyzed the macroscopic type, size, location or pit pattern classification of the lesions for their potential influence of the diagnostic accuracy of JNET type 2B lesions. OBJECTIVE The 261 lesions included 91 low-grade intramucosal neoplasia lesions (34.9%), 132 high-grade intramucosal neoplasia lesions (50.6%), 13 submucosal invasive cancer lesions (5.0%), and 25 deep submucosal invasive cancer lesions (9.6%). The coincidence rate between endoscopic prediction and pathological diagnosis of these lesions was 55.6% (145/ 261). The macroscopic type and size of the lesions were significantly associated with the diagnostic accuracy of JNET type 2B lesions (P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the diagnostic accuracy among the lesions with different pit pattern types (P < 0.001). OBJECTIVE Both the macroscopic type and size affect the accuracy of endoscopic diagnosis of JNET type 2B colorectal lesions. JNET classification combined with pit pattern types can have better accuracy in predicting the pathological diagnosis of these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Xie
- First Clinical Medical College of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - C Tan
- Department of Endoscopy, First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - X Ruan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - J Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - L Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longgang District People's Hospital, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - A Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Z Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - S Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Wang L, Tan C, Ni SJ, Jiang WH, Xu J, Cai X, Huang D, Sheng WQ, Chang B. [Gastric SWI/SNF-complex deficient undifferentiated/rhabdoid carcinoma: a clinicopathological study]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2021; 50:632-637. [PMID: 34078052 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20201224-00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunohistochemical characteristics, differential diagnosis and prognosis of gastric SWI/SNF-complex deficient undifferentiated/rhabdoid carcinomas. Methods: Two cases of gastric SWI/SNF-complex deficient undifferentiated/rhabdoid carcinoma were collected at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China from 2017 to 2018. The clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemical stains were performed, and the relevant literatures were reviewed. Results: The two patients were both male, aged 60 and 74 years, respectively. Their symptoms were both abdominal pain. The tumor arose in the esophagogastric junction in case 1, and the cardia to the fundus and the posterior wall of the upper part of gastric body in case 2. Both tumors were present as an ulcerative mass. The patients died of tumor 11 months and 8 months after surgery, respectively. Histologically, the tumor cells arranged in sheets, nests, cords or trabecular patterns, and pseudoavleolar structure. The tumor cells were epithelioid with uniform morphology, while the tumors showed scant stroma and massive necrosis. Variable rhabdoid cells and multinucleated giant cells were seen in both cases. SMARCA4 encoding protein BRG1 was undetectable in both tumors, while SMARCB1 encoding protein INI1 was detected. The tumor cells were diffusely positive for vimentin and negative for epithelial marker (CKpan), gastrointestinal stromal tumor markers (CD117 and DOG1), myogenic markers (desmin and myogenin), melanoma markers (S-100 protein, SOX10 and HMB45), and lymphohematopoietic markers (LCA and CD20). Conclusions: Gastric SWI/SNF-complex deficient undifferentiated/rhabdoid carcinoma is a rare and highly aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. The detection of subunits protein expression of SWI/SNF complex is important for diagnosis of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - C Tan
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - S J Ni
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W H Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - J Xu
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - X Cai
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - D Huang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - W Q Sheng
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - B Chang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Fanshawe J, Warren H, Clark C, Kum F, Smekal M, Masiha E, Saada L, Tan C, Deen S, Farooq O, Siddiqi M, Apata-Omisore J, Stroman L, Rusere J, Tasleem A, Nkwam N, Brown C, Elhage O, Cathcart P, Challacombe B, Popert R, Di Benedetto E, Hadjipavlou M. The role of psa density in decision making to perform transperineal prostate biopsy in men with multi-parametric MRI Likert 2 or 3 scores: A retrospective analysis from a multi-centre cancer network study. Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01312-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Zhu X, Zhou B, Pattni R, Gleason K, Tan C, Kalinowski A, Sloan S, Fiston-Lavier AS, Mariani J, Petrov D, Barres BA, Duncan L, Abyzov A, Vogel H, Moran JV, Vaccarino FM, Tamminga CA, Levinson DF, Urban AE. Machine learning reveals bilateral distribution of somatic L1 insertions in human neurons and glia. Nat Neurosci 2021; 24:186-196. [PMID: 33432196 PMCID: PMC8806165 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-00767-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Retrotransposons can cause somatic genome variation in the human nervous system, which is hypothesized to have relevance to brain development and neuropsychiatric disease. However, the detection of individual somatic mobile element insertions presents a difficult signal-to-noise problem. Using a machine-learning method (RetroSom) and deep whole-genome sequencing, we analyzed L1 and Alu retrotransposition in sorted neurons and glia from human brains. We characterized two brain-specific L1 insertions in neurons and glia from a donor with schizophrenia. There was anatomical distribution of the L1 insertions in neurons and glia across both hemispheres, indicating retrotransposition occurred during early embryogenesis. Both insertions were within the introns of genes (CNNM2 and FRMD4A) inside genomic loci associated with neuropsychiatric disorders. Proof-of-principle experiments revealed these L1 insertions significantly reduced gene expression. These results demonstrate that RetroSom has broad applications for studies of brain development and may provide insight into the possible pathological effects of somatic retrotransposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Reenal Pattni
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Kelly Gleason
- Division of Translational Research in Schizophrenia, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- Division of Translational Research in Schizophrenia, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Agnieszka Kalinowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Steven Sloan
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anna-Sophie Fiston-Lavier
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR 5554, CNRS-UM-IRD-EPHE), Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Dmitri Petrov
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ben A Barres
- Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Laramie Duncan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Alexej Abyzov
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hannes Vogel
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - John V Moran
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Flora M Vaccarino
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Division of Translational Research in Schizophrenia, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Douglas F Levinson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Alexander E Urban
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Woldendorp K, Tan C, Bannon P, Robinson B. P51 Huge Aortic Root Pseudoaneurysm due to Detachment of Both Coronary Buttons After Modified Mechanical Bentall Procedure. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.03.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tan C, Woldendorp K, Cao C, Bannon P, Yan T. P55 Novel Staged Method of Managing a Large Right Infected Bullous Cyst Causing Mediastinal Shift. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.03.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38
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Tan C. Outcome of Patients who Have Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) in Auckland Hospital. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tan C. Intrepid Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement in a Surgically High-Risk Patient with Previous Mechanical Aortic Valve Replacement. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Tan C, Chan D, Grant R, Manganas C. P09 Aortocavitary Fistula: A Rare Complication of Serratia Marcescens Endocarditis. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.03.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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41
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Tan C. Characteristics and Outcome of Patients who Underwent DC-Cardioversion: An Auckland Hospital Experience. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Qiu G, Ji Y, Tan Y, He B, Tan C, Wang Z, Gao H. The effects of exercise therapy on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19: A protocol for systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23762. [PMID: 33371140 PMCID: PMC7748299 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, more than 20 million people worldwide have been diagnosed with COVID-19, and all health care workers are looking for ways to improve the cure rate of the disease. As an important method of rehabilitation therapy, exercise therapy has been proved to improve the level of human function, promote the recovery of diseases, and improve the human immune ability. The main objective of this study was to provide reliable methods and credible evidence for exercise therapy to improve the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The scheme was systematically reviewed in accordance with the preferred reporting items. We searched the following experimental databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), China Science and Wanfang Database. All trials using exercise therapy for rehabilitation of COVID-19 patients in the above database should be considered for inclusion. Relevant randomised controlled trials(RCTS), controlled before and after, interrupted time series and prospective analytic cohort studies regardless of publication date, language and geographic location, will be included. To summarize the therapeutic effect of exercise therapy on COVID-19 patients, high-quality literature was selected for data extraction and analysis. Two reviewers will independently screen titles, abstracts and full-text articles against inclusion criteria; perform data extraction and assess risk of bias in included studies. We will assess the certainty of the overall evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach and report findings accordingly. RESULTS In this study, we hope to summarize effective exercise therapy that can improve the prognosis of COVID-19 patients and find strong evidence for it. CONCLUSIONS The conclusions of this study will provide reliable evidence to determine whether exercise and exercise therapy can improve the prognosis of COVID-19 patients and guide future studies. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020209025.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorong Qiu
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, No. 19 West Section of 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Yu Ji
- Institute of Sports History, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu
| | - Yajun Tan
- Sport Hospital Attached to Chengdu Sport University, No.19 West Section of 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Benxiang He
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, No. 19 West Section of 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Chunfeng Tan
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, No. 19 West Section of 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Zhuoling Wang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, No. 19 West Section of 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
| | - Hongpan Gao
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, No. 19 West Section of 1st Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province
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Dagan M, Dinh D, Stehli J, Tan C, Brennan A, Ajani A, Freeman M, Reid C, Hiew C, Oqueli E, Kaye D, Clark D, Duffy S. Sex differences in pharmacotherapy and long-term outcomes in patients with ischaemic heart disease and left ventricular dysfunction. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Left ventricular dysfunction and ischaemic heart disease are common amongst women, however, women tend to present later and are less likely to receive guideline-directed medical therapy compared to their male counterparts.
Purpose
To investigate if a sex discrepancy exists for optimal medical therapy (OMT) and long-term mortality in a cohort of patients with known ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and left ventricular dysfunction.
Methods
We analysed prospectively collected data from a multicentre registry database collected between 2005–2018 on pharmacotherapy 30-days post percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in 13,015 patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <50%. OMT at 30-days was defined as beta-blocker (BB), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (ACEi/ARB) ± mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA). Long-term mortality was determined by linkage with the National Death Index, with median follow up of 4.7 (IQR 2.0–8.6) years.
Results
Mean age was 65±12 years; women represented 20.2% (2,634) of the cohort. Women were on average 5 years older, had higher average BMI, higher rates of hypertension, diabetes, renal dysfunction, prior stroke and rheumatoid arthritis. Men were more likely to have sleep apnoea, be current/ex-smokers and to have had prior myocardial infarction, PCI and bypass surgery. Overall, 72.3% (9,411) of patients were on OMT, which was similar between sexes (72.7% in women vs. 72.2% in men, p=0.58). Rates of BB therapy were similar between sexes (85.2% vs. 84.5%, p=0.38), while women were less likely to be on an ACEi/ARB (80.4% vs. 82.4%, p=0.02) and more likely to be on a MRA (12.1% vs. 10.0%, p=0.003). Amongst those with LVEF ≤35% (n=1,652), BB (88.7% vs. 87.3%, p=0.46), ACEi/ARB (83.3% vs. 82.1%, p=0.59) and MRA use (32.5% vs. 33.3%, p=0.78) was comparable. Aspirin use was similar between sexes (95.3% vs. 95.9%, p=0.12), while women were less likely to be on statin therapy (93.5% vs. 95.3%, p<0.001) and a second antiplatelet agent (94.4% vs. 95.6%, p=0.007). On unadjusted analysis women had significantly higher long-term mortality of 25.4% compared to 19.0% for men (p<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis out to 14 years demonstrated that men on OMT have the best long-term survival overall and women on sub-OMT have significantly poorer outcomes compared to men on sub-OMT. However, after adjusting for OMT and other comorbidities there was no difference in long-term mortality between sexes (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.87–1.14, p=0.94).
Conclusion
From this large multicentre registry, we found similar rates of guideline-directed pharmacotherapy for left ventricular dysfunction between sexes, however women were less likely to be on appropriate IHD secondary prevention. The increased unadjusted long-term mortality amongst women is likely due to differing baseline risk, given that adjusted mortality was similar between sexes.
Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dagan
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D Dinh
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research & Education in Therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Stehli
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Tan
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Brennan
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research & Education in Therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A.E Ajani
- Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - M Freeman
- Box Hill Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C.M Reid
- Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research & Education in Therapeutics, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Hiew
- Geelong Hospital, Geelong, Australia
| | - E Oqueli
- Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D.M Kaye
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D.J Clark
- Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S.J Duffy
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Panelo C, Tan C, Nachura S, Pargas I, Santillan M, Sugay N, Moreno A, Miradora K. PIN44 Benefit Design Considerations during Emergencies: Lessons from Covid 19. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [PMCID: PMC7487860 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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Panelo C, Guerrero M, Genuino A, Moreno A, Nachura S, Tan C. PNS49 Building Capacity for HTA in the Philippines: An Imperative UNDER UHC. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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46
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Panelo C, Stein D, Dutta A, Santillan M, Tan C, Moreno A, David Reyes M, Caampued M. PMU13 Defining the ROLL out Strategy for UHC Benefits: Philhealth's Benefit Development PLAN. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Shen Y, Sun H, Huang C, Zhu X, Xu M, Tan C, Liang F, Zhou J, Fan J. 989P Effects of combination therapy using lenvatinib and anti-pd-1 antibody on liver function in patients with advanced hepatocellar carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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48
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Fan X, Wang Q, Zhou M, Liu F, Shen H, Wei Z, Wang F, Tan C, Meng H. Humidity sensor based on a graphene oxide-coated few-mode fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Opt Express 2020; 28:24682-24692. [PMID: 32907003 DOI: 10.1364/oe.390207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A relative humidity sensor based on a graphene oxide-coated few-mode fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is proposed in this paper. The MZI was made by splicing a segment of the few-mode fiber (FMF) between two segments of a no-core fiber (NCF) and two segments of a single mode fiber (SMF) located outside the two NCFs. The core and cladding of the FMF acted as interferometric arms, while the NCFs acted as couplers for splitting and recombining light due to mismatch of mode field diameter. The cladding of the FMF was corroded with hydrofluoric acid, and a layer of graphene oxide (GO) film was coated on the corroded cladding of FMF via the natural deposition method. The refractive index of GO varied upon absorption the water molecules. As a result, the phase difference of the MZI varied and the wavelength of the resonant dip shifted with a change in the ambient relative humidity (RH). High humidity sensitivity of 0.191 and 0.061 nm/%RH in the RH range of 30-55% and 55-95%, respectively, were achieved experimentally. The high sensitivity, compact size, and simple manufacturing of the proposed sensor could offer attractive applications in fields of chemical sensors and biochemical detection.
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Heenan TMM, Jnawali A, Kok M, Tranter TG, Tan C, Dimitrijevic A, Jervis R, Brett DJL, Shearing PR. Data for an Advanced Microstructural and Electrochemical Datasheet on 18650 Li-ion Batteries with Nickel-Rich NMC811 Cathodes and Graphite-Silicon Anodes. Data Brief 2020; 32:106033. [PMID: 32775560 PMCID: PMC7394852 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented here were collected from a commercial LG Chem cylindrical INR18650 MJ1 lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery (approximate nominal specifications: 3.5 Ah, 3.6 V, 12.2 Wh). Electrochemical and microstructural information is presented, the latter collected across several length scales using X-ray computed tomography (CT): from cell to particle. One cell-level tomogram, four assembly-level and two electrode/particle-level 3D datasets are available; all data was collected in the pristine state. The electrochemical data consists of the full current and voltage charge-discharge curves for 400 operational cycles. All data has been made freely available via a repository [10.5522/04/c.4994651] in order to aid in the development of improved computational models for commercially-relevant Li-ion battery materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M M Heenan
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL, London WC1E 7JE, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, UK
| | - A Jnawali
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL, London WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - M Kok
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL, London WC1E 7JE, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, UK
| | - T G Tranter
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL, London WC1E 7JE, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, UK
| | - C Tan
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL, London WC1E 7JE, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, UK
| | - A Dimitrijevic
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL, London WC1E 7JE, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, UK
| | - R Jervis
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL, London WC1E 7JE, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, UK
| | - D J L Brett
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL, London WC1E 7JE, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, UK
| | - P R Shearing
- Electrochemical Innovation Lab, Department of Chemical Engineering, UCL, London WC1E 7JE, UK.,The Faraday Institution, Quad One, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0RA, UK
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50
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Mosher AA, Tsoulis MW, Lim J, Tan C, Agarwal SK, Leyland NA, Foster WG. Melatonin activity and receptor expression in endometrial tissue and endometriosis. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:1215-1224. [PMID: 31211323 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are melatonin receptors (melatonin receptor 1A (MR1A) and melatonin receptor 1B (MR1B)) expressed in human endometrium and endometriotic tissue, and does melatonin affect endometrial cell proliferation? SUMMARY ANSWER Melatonin receptors are expressed in human eutopic endometrium, endometriomas and peritoneal lesions, although to different extents, and melatonin treatment attenuated estradiol-induced endometrial epithelial cell proliferation in culture. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Melatonin decreased endometriotic lesion volume in a rat model of endometriosis. Melatonin treatment reduced pain scores in and analgesic use by women with endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Basic science study using human endometrial tissue and an endometrial epithelial cell line. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Measurement of melatonin receptor expression (mRNA and protein) in women with surgically confirmed endometriosis (endometrioma (n = 20) or peritoneal lesion (n = 11) alone) and women without surgical evidence of endometriosis (control, n = 15). Collection of endometrial and endometriotic tissue samples, gynecologic history and demographic information. Quantification of estradiol (1.0 nM) and melatonin (0.1 nM-1.0 μM) ± estradiol-induced endometrial epithelial cell proliferation in cultures of endometrial epithelial cells (CRL-1671) following 24 and 48 hours of culture. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE MR1A and MR1B were localized by immunohistochemistry in glandular epithelial cells of endometrial biopsies from women with and without endometriosis. Both receptors were expressed in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissue. mRNA expression of MR1A and MR1B was significantly greater in peritoneal lesions than in either endometriomas or eutopic endometrium. However, protein expression of MR1A was decreased in peritoneal lesions compared to control eutopic endometrium, whereas MR1B expression did not differ between the groups. Melatonin (0.1 nM-1.0 μM) treatment inhibited estradiol (1.0 nM)-induced endometrial epithelial cell proliferation at 48 hours but not 24 hours of culture. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Beneficial effects of melatonin seen in culture have yet to be comprehensively evaluated in women with endometriosis. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our data suggest that melatonin may be useful as an adjunct to current endometriosis treatments. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant MOP142230 to W.G.F.). A.A.M. is supported by a resident research grant through the Physicians Services Incorporated Foundation. The authors have no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Mosher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M W Tsoulis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J Lim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - C Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - S K Agarwal
- Center for Endometriosis Research and Treatment, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - N A Leyland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - W G Foster
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Center for Endometriosis Research and Treatment, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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