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Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic impacts our lives significantly; people have changed their daily lives in response to the unprecedented epidemic which not only awakened the arrival of a new normal in business, but also new lifestyles. For example, the adaptation of contactless mobile payment has grown in the past two years to avoid unnecessary contact and possible infections. In this study, we intend to examine behavioral intentions that made consumers shift from traditional cash payment to mobile payment during the COVID-19 period. Our research framework and hypotheses were developed and examined through the push (dissatisfaction)–pull (alternative attractiveness)–mooring (perceived fear) model. We used structural equation modeling (SEM) to validate our model and corresponding hypotheses. The results of this study showed that dissatisfaction with tradition-al payments and customer’s perceived fears positively and significantly affected switching intentions. However, alternative attractiveness had no significant impact on consumers’ switching intentions from cash to mobile payments during the pandemic. Moreover, this study shows how perceived fear has a mediating effect that motivates people to change their payment behaviors. Implications and future research directions about consumers changing in such a dynamic time are also discussed.
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Jiao J, Shi L, Chen H, Wang X, Yang M, Yang J, Liu M, Yi X, Sun G. Containment strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic among three Asian low and middle-income countries. J Glob Health 2022; 12:05016. [PMID: 35596570 PMCID: PMC9123341 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.12.05016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has not been effectively controlled, seriously threatening people’s health and socioeconomic development. This study aims to summarise the successful experiences and lessons in containment strategy learned from Asian Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) during the COVID-19 pandemic and analyse the effectiveness of their measures to provide lessons for LMICs in general. Methods This is a retrospective study on the effectiveness of China, India, and Vietnam’s containment strategies. The objective was to assess the effectiveness of measures taken for COVID-19 and provide lessons for wider LMICs in controlling and preventing the COVID-19 pandemic. Results As of June 16, 2021, the Indian epidemic was in the declining part of the rebound stage, with a total of 21 521.900 cases per million and 276.740 deaths per million – both the highest among the three countries. Entering the normalised prevention and control stage, China stably remained at a total of 63. 615 cases per million and 3.211 deaths per million. Vietnam's number of new cases per million was very low in the first stage and almost stagnant except for cluster epidemics. In May 2021, the number of new cases per million started to rapidly increase, but the total of deaths per million was at the low level of 0.627. Conclusions A high attention to epidemics at early stages, strict border control measures, and synchronization of government and population on COVID-19 prevention and control opinions and behaviours play important roles in designing containment strategies. In addition, rapid close contact tracing and large-scale nucleic testing are good options for response to cluster epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiao
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Leiyu Shi
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Haiqian Chen
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Manfei Yang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyan Yang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiheng Liu
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianchun Yi
- Yichun Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yichun, Jiangxi, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Li PP, Zhong F. A Study on the Correlation Between Media Usage Frequency and Audiences' Risk Perception, Emotion and Behavior. Front Psychol 2022; 12:822300. [PMID: 35126265 PMCID: PMC8811358 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.822300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether risk events can be effectively controlled and mitigated is largely influenced by people's perceptions of risk events and their behavioral cooperation. Therefore, this study used a web-based questionnaire (N = 306) to investigate the specific factors influencing people's risk perceptions and behaviors, and included a test for the difference in the effect of positive and negative emotions of the audiences. The results show that the overall model has good explanatory power (R 2 = 61%) for the behavioral variables, and (1) how people's use of different media (especially TV and online media) significantly influenced their positive and negative emotions; (2) how people's frequency of TV use significantly influenced their risk susceptibility and how online media use significantly influenced their risk severity (with some differences in people's perceptions of efficacy between different media); (3) how people's sense of efficacy for risky events is the strongest predictor of their risk control behavior; and (4) that there are different mediating effects of different emotions and risk severity and sense of efficacy between the frequency of media use and risk control behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fangqi Zhong
- College of Communication, National Chengchi University, Taipei City, Taiwan
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Liu B, Liu H, Han B, Zhao T, Sun T, Tan X, Cui F. Trends and Factors Associated With Risk Perception, Anxiety, and Behavior From the Early Outbreak Period to the Controlled Period of COVID-19 Epidemic: Four Cross-Sectional Online Surveys in China in 2020. Front Public Health 2022; 9:768867. [PMID: 35118042 PMCID: PMC8805284 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.768867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in China was brought under with 3 months-from mid-January 2020 to the end of March 2020. Less studies examined dynamic psychological effect and behaviors during COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to examine perceived risk, anxiety, and behavioral response of the general public related to the outbreak of COVID-19 in four cross-sectional surveys conducted throughout China. Methods: In 2020, four cross-sectional, population-based online survey were conducted from January 28 to February 3, from February 10 to 12, from February 20 to 22, and from March 1 to 10, respectively. Convenience sampling was used for easy recruiting survey participants under the long-term impact of the COVID-19 epidemic. The four independent online questionnaires were sent from the same approach (WeChat and MicroBlog), and anyone who receives the questionnaire on the Internet or mobile phone and meets the inclusion criteria could fill in it. The same questionnaires repeatedly used in the four surveys. Socio-demographic information and individual protective practice were collected and the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) was used for measuring anxiety. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics among the four surveys. Wilcoxon signed ranks test was used to compare people's perceived risk, anxiety and protective behaviors changes in four stages. General linear model was used to identify associations between some demographic factors and perceived risk, anxiety scores, and protective behaviors. Results: The proportion of high perceived risk has dropped from 24.7 to 4.7%. The proportion of severe anxiety has declined from 12.2 to 1.2%. The proportion of people wore masks when they went out has increased from 97.0 to 98.3%. Women were more likely to develop anxiety (OR = 1.5, 95%CI: 1.4-1.6) and more positively adopted recommended behaviors (OR = 2.1, 95%CI: 1.3-3.4) than men. People at age 30-39 years, with high-degree education, with married status, and accompanied with poor self-rated health status were prone to have higher risk perception and anxiety. Perceived risk was significantly associated with anxiety over the entire periods. Anxiety levels had stronger associations with adoption of protective behaviors (wearing mask and avoiding crowed place) in the early epidemic periods than in the late epidemic periods. Conclusions: The levels of perceived risk and anxiety showed a trend of rising first and then falling. Gradually upward trend on initiative preventive behaviors including wearing mask and avoiding visiting crowded places also was observed through scanning data at four stages. People at age 30-39 years, with high-degree education, and accompanied with poor self-rated health status were prone to have higher risk perception and anxiety. Our findings showed that people simultaneously presented both high-level risk perception and anxiety across the four wave surveys, leading to their positive self-prevention and protective behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanyu Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bingfeng Han
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianshuo Zhao
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuqiang Cui
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Mohamed Taha Eid S, Del Mundo E, Hashem El-Monshed A. Personality traits, perceived stress and perception of COVID-19 among Arab Population: A cross-sectional survey. Int J Afr Nurs Sci 2022; 17:100502. [PMID: 36311299 PMCID: PMC9597549 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease-2019 is a worldwide pandemic. Political authorities are working hard to fight the disease transmission through corresponding interventions that may be influenced by individual perception, perceived stress, and personality traits that act as predictors of healthy behaviors and comply with protective measures especially with different cultures. Aim This study aimed to assess personality traits, perceived stress, and perception among the Arab population. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was fulfilled by 948 adults from different Arabic nationalities from 24th June to 15th July 2020. The Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Perception toward COVID-19 Questionnaire were used in this study. Results More than three quarters (76.1%) believed that COVID 19 is a dangerous disease and the vast majority (93.1%) disagreed that infection with the virus is associated with stigma. Agreeableness was high among the Egyptians, extroversion and openness to experience were high among Saudi Arabians, while emotional stability was high among Sudanese participants. Conclusion Individuals with high conscientiousness, extraversion, and emotional stability demonstrated lower levels of perceived stress during the pandemic. This highlights that for the development of stress management interventions during epidemics; it is crucial to take personality traits into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Mohamed Taha Eid
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt,Department of Nursing, Applied Medical Science, Buraydah Private Colleges, Saudi Arabia,Corresponding author
| | - Evangeline Del Mundo
- Department of Nursing, Applied Medical Science, Buraydah Private Colleges, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hashem El-Monshed
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt,Department of Nursing, College of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, Manama, Bahrain
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Eshel Y, Kimhi S, Marciano H, Adini B. Components of Unrealistic Optimism of College Students: The Case of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Front Psychol 2021; 12:763581. [PMID: 34966325 PMCID: PMC8711557 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.763581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
College students are among the most strongly affected populations by the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic because of uncertainty regarding academic success, future careers, and social life during their study period. Their mental health and behavior may dramatically be impacted. The study examined an unrealistic optimism of Israeli college students in assessing the health, security, and economic risks during the pandemic, and the contributions of these perceived risks to the prediction of psychological coping responses, such as well-being, and coping suppressing response of anxiety, expressed during this pandemic. Using social networks, a questionnaire was disseminated to students during the third lockdown that was implemented in Israel because of the pandemic. Depressive and anxiety symptoms, perceived threats, resilience, well-being, hope, and morale were measured using a structured quantitative questionnaire. First, we hypothesized that the three perceived risks would be inversely rated, so perceived health risk would be rated lowest, and perceived economic risk would be rated highest. The second and third hypotheses claimed that psychological coping responses articulated along this pandemic would be predicted by all these perceived risks, as well as the observance of pandemic precaution rules. The fourth hypothesis suggested that the three investigated perceived risks will positively and significantly correlate with each other. The results generally supported the hypotheses and indicated that the unrealistic optimism process was employed quite consistently by the participating students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohanan Eshel
- Department of Psychology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel-Hai College, Tel-Hai, Israel
| | - Shaul Kimhi
- Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel-Hai College, Tel-Hai, Israel
| | - Hadas Marciano
- Stress and Resilience Research Center, Tel-Hai College, Tel-Hai, Israel
- The Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making (IIPDM), The Ergonomics and Human Factors Unit, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Bruria Adini
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Management, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Ezike OC, Odikpo LC, Onyia EN, Egbuniwe MC, Ndubuisi I, Nwaneri AC, Ihudiebube CS, Irodi CC, Danlami SB, Abdussalam WA. Risk Perception, Risk Involvement/Exposure And Compliance To Preventive Measures To COVID-19 Among Nurses In A Tertiary Hospital In Asaba, Nigeria. Int J Afr Nurs Sci 2021; 16:100385. [PMID: 34900584 PMCID: PMC8650764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2021.100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Covid-19 infection is a serious threat to health care workers (HCW) because it is primarily spread between people during close contact, often via small droplets produced by coughing, sneezing, or talking. Therefore, how HCW exposure to COVID 19 virus translates into risk of infection is thus critical for informing infection prevention and control (IPC) recommendations. Aim This study assessed the risk perception, risk involvement/exposure and compliance to preventive measures to COVID-19 among nurses in a tertiary hospital in Asaba Nigeria. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive survey (Census method) was used to recruit to the study, the entire 378 nurses in a tertiary hospital in Asaba, who met the inclusion criteria. There was no sampling as the population was few. For the participatory observation of the respondents, each ward had research assistant who is a nurse selected from the unit and trained on data collection for the study. Results A subset of the nurses (9.3%) in the study centre strongly agree that Covid-19 is a mirage, and 2.6% also agree that the pandemic does not exist, while 37.8% agree that the pandemic is being politicized. Many of the nurses 141(37.3%) had contact with the environment where Covid-19 patients were cared for. For the participatory observation, decontamination of high touch surfaces was poor in most of the units. Personal protective equipment were lacking in some medical wards as only 2(50%) of the wards had all the PPE available at the time of the study. Conclusion Some of the infection preventive measures for Covid 19 were neglected by the nurses, and this calls for reminder in the form of posters at strategic spots in the hospital and further trainings on IPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okwudili C Ezike
- Department of Nursing Services, Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Linda C Odikpo
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Evert N Onyia
- Department of Nursing Services, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Michel C Egbuniwe
- Department of Nursing Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Ndubuisi
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Ada C Nwaneri
- Department of Nursing Sciences, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | | | - Chijike C Irodi
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada, Edo State, Nigeria
| | - Sambo B Danlami
- College of Nursing and Midwifery Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Wuraola A Abdussalam
- School of Nursing, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
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Marian MI, Barth KM, Oprea MI. Responses to Offense at Work and the Impact of Hierarchical Status: The Fault of the Leader, Causal Attributions, and Social Support During the Covid-19 Pandemic Crisis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:734703. [PMID: 34899475 PMCID: PMC8661119 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.734703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The study explores the mechanism by which unadapted causal attributions and the perception of social support stimulate revenge and reconciliation at the social and professional level in the context of the current pandemic. In particular, the purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between the accused, the victim and offender status and the search for revenge or reconciliation following a personal offense. To test the suggested research model, we analyzed the data collected by 167 (m = 28.52; SD = 8.98) employees in different organizations using a multifactorial experimental design. The results support the influence of attributional predictions in forming revenge and reconciliation and show that they are involved in the decision to carry out revenge, but especially in the way the employee interprets the trigger situation. In conclusion, the revenge is based on a negative attributional mechanism that produces the greatest deficit of adaptation to the situation and a weakening of the perception of social support, while reconciliation seems to be based on a much more complex socio-occupational mechanism. Leaders should pay attention to organizational communication during a crisis as they could encourage hopelessness depression. Adjusting crisis communication is crucial to ensuring job satisfaction that could mitigate negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mihai Ionut Oprea
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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Betsch C, Korn L, Burgard T, Gaissmaier W, Felgendreff L, Eitze S, Sprengholz P, Böhm R, Stollorz V, Ramharter M, Promies N, De Bock F, Schmid P, Renner B, Wieler LH, Bosnjak M. The four weeks before lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: a weekly serial cross-sectional survey on risk perceptions, knowledge, public trust and behaviour, 3 to 25 March 2020. Euro Surveill 2021; 26:2001900. [PMID: 34676821 PMCID: PMC8532505 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.42.2001900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, public perceptions and behaviours have had to adapt rapidly to new risk scenarios and radical behavioural restrictions.AimTo identify major drivers of acceptance of protective behaviours during the 4-week transition from virtually no COVID-19 cases to the nationwide lockdown in Germany (3-25 March 2020).MethodsA serial cross-sectional online survey was administered weekly to ca 1,000 unique individuals for four data collection rounds in March 2020 using non-probability quota samples, representative of the German adult population between 18 and 74 years in terms of age × sex and federal state (n = 3,910). Acceptance of restrictions was regressed on sociodemographic variables, time and psychological variables, e.g. trust, risk perceptions, self-efficacy. Extraction of homogenous clusters was based on knowledge and behaviour.ResultsAcceptance of restrictive policies increased with participants' age and employment in the healthcare sector; cognitive and particularly affective risk perceptions were further significant predictors. Acceptance increased over time, as trust in institutions became more relevant and trust in media became less relevant. The cluster analysis further indicated that having a higher education increased the gap between knowledge and behaviour. Trust in institutions was related to conversion of knowledge into action.ConclusionIdentifying relevant principles that increase acceptance will remain crucial to the development of strategies that help adjust behaviour to control the pandemic, possibly for years to come. Based on our findings, we provide operational recommendations for health authorities regarding data collection, health communication and outreach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lars Korn
- University of Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
- Department of Implementation Science, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Burgard
- Leibniz Institute for Psychology Information and Documentation, Trier, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert Böhm
- University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Michael Ramharter
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine and I. Dep. of Medicine University Medical Center, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael Bosnjak
- Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
- University of Trier, Trier, Germany
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Capone V, Donizzetti AR, Park MSA. Validation and Psychometric Evaluation of the COVID-19 Risk Perception Scale (CoRP): a New Brief Scale to Measure Individuals' Risk Perception. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021; 21:1-14. [PMID: 34602913 PMCID: PMC8475830 DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the work was to develop and validate the COVID-19 Risk Perception Scale (CoRP), a brief self-report questionnaire for individuals' perceptions of risk in the COVID-19 pandemic. Two studies were conducted in order to evaluate the new scale's psychometric properties. Study 1 included 269 Italian participants (77.3% female) to initially test the scale's structure and construct validity. Study 2 involved 1061 (76.2% female) Italians aged 18 to 80 years old and examined the structure of the scale, construct validity, and age invariance. Exploratory and Confirmatory factor analyses confirmed the one-factor solution, and the structure of the scale was found to be invariant across age groups. The scale also demonstrated a high internal reliability. The CoRP correlated positively with the fear of COVID-19 scale, and low with the Impact of Event and distressing phenomena as measured by GHQ. The present work thus affirms that the CoRP is a valid instrument for measuring individuals' risk perception of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Capone
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Porta Di Massa, 1 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Rosa Donizzetti
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Porta Di Massa, 1 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Miriam Sang-Ah Park
- School of Social & Health Sciences, Leeds Trinity University, Horsforth, Leeds UK
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Tagini S, Brugnera A, Ferrucci R, Mazzocco K, Pievani L, Priori A, Ticozzi N, Compare A, Silani V, Pravettoni G, Poletti B. Attachment, Personality and Locus of Control: Psychological Determinants of Risk Perception and Preventive Behaviors for COVID-19. Front Psychol 2021; 12:634012. [PMID: 34305708 PMCID: PMC8299752 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.634012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The understanding of factors that shape risk perception is crucial to modulate the perceived threat and, in turn, to promote optimal engagement in preventive actions. Methods: An on-line, cross-sectional, survey was conducted in Italy between May and July 2020 to investigate risk perception for COVID-19 and the adoption of preventive measures. A total of 964 volunteers participated in the study. Possible predictors of risk perception were identified through a hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis, including sociodemographic, epidemiological and, most of all, psychological factors. A path analysis was adopted to probe the possible mediating role of risk perception on the relationship between the independent variables considered and the adoption of preventive measures. Results: Focusing on the psychological predictors of risk perception, high levels of anxiety, an anxious attachment, and an external locus of control predicted higher perceived risk. Conversely, high levels of openness personality and of avoidant attachment predicted a lower perception of risk. In turn, the higher was the perceived risk the higher was the adoption of precautionary measures. Furthermore, psychological factors influenced the adoption of preventive behaviors both directly and indirectly through their effect on risk perception. Conclusions: Our findings might be taken into high consideration by stakeholders, who are responsible for promoting a truthful perception of risk and proper compliance with precautionary measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Tagini
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
| | - Agostino Brugnera
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Roberta Ferrucci
- Department of Health Sciences, Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, International Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Clinic III, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Ca' Granda Foundation Maggiore Policlinico Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Ketti Mazzocco
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Pievani
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Alberto Priori
- Department of Health Sciences, Aldo Ravelli Center for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, International Medical School, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Neurology Clinic III, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Ticozzi
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Angelo Compare
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Silani
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Poletti
- Department of Neurology and Laboratory of Neuroscience, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Medicinal plants serve as a valuable source of secondary metabolites since time immemorial. Computational Research in 21st century is giving more attention to medicinal plants for new drug design as pharmacological screening of bioactive compound was time consuming and expensive. Computational methods such as Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamic Simulation and Artificial intelligence are significant Insilico tools in medicinal plant research. Molecular docking approach exploits the mechanism of potential phytochemicals into the target active site to elucidate its interactions and biological therapeutic properties. MD simulation illuminates the dynamic behavior of biomolecules at atomic level with fine quality representation of biomolecules. Dramatical advancement in computer science is illustrating the biological mechanism via these tools in different diseases treatment. The advancement comprises speed, the system configuration, and other software upgradation to insights into the structural explanation and optimization of biomolecules. A probable shift from simulation to artificial intelligence has in fact accelerated the art of scientific study to a sky high. The most upgraded algorithm in artificial intelligence such as Artificial Neural Networks, Deep Neural Networks, Neuro-fuzzy Logic has provided a wide opportunity in easing the time required in classical experimental strategy. The notable progress in computer science technology has paved a pathway for understanding the pharmacological functions and creating a roadmap for drug design and development and other achievement in the field of medicinal plants research. This review focus on the development and overview in computational research moving from static molecular docking method to a range of dynamic simulation and an advanced artificial intelligence such as machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Singh
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Navneeta Bharadvaja
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India.
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13
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Zuo X, Chen Y, Ohno-Machado L, Xu H. How do we share data in COVID-19 research? A systematic review of COVID-19 datasets in PubMed Central Articles. Brief Bioinform 2021; 22:800-811. [PMID: 33757278 PMCID: PMC7799277 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbaa331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims at reviewing novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) datasets extracted from PubMed Central articles, thus providing quantitative analysis to answer questions related to dataset contents, accessibility and citations. Methods We downloaded COVID-19-related full-text articles published until 31 May 2020 from PubMed Central. Dataset URL links mentioned in full-text articles were extracted, and each dataset was manually reviewed to provide information on 10 variables: (1) type of the dataset, (2) geographic region where the data were collected, (3) whether the dataset was immediately downloadable, (4) format of the dataset files, (5) where the dataset was hosted, (6) whether the dataset was updated regularly, (7) the type of license used, (8) whether the metadata were explicitly provided, (9) whether there was a PubMed Central paper describing the dataset and (10) the number of times the dataset was cited by PubMed Central articles. Descriptive statistics about these seven variables were reported for all extracted datasets. Results We found that 28.5% of 12 324 COVID-19 full-text articles in PubMed Central provided at least one dataset link. In total, 128 unique dataset links were mentioned in 12 324 COVID-19 full text articles in PubMed Central. Further analysis showed that epidemiological datasets accounted for the largest portion (53.9%) in the dataset collection, and most datasets (84.4%) were available for immediate download. GitHub was the most popular repository for hosting COVID-19 datasets. CSV, XLSX and JSON were the most popular data formats. Additionally, citation patterns of COVID-19 datasets varied depending on specific datasets. Conclusion PubMed Central articles are an important source of COVID-19 datasets, but there is significant heterogeneity in the way these datasets are mentioned, shared, updated and cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zuo
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | | | | | - Hua Xu
- School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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14
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Reyes LM, Ortiz L, Abedi M, Luciano Y, Ramos W, Reyes PJDJ. Misinformation on COVID-19 origin and its relationship with perception and knowledge about social distancing: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248160. [PMID: 33690685 PMCID: PMC7942988 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the vast scientific evidence obtained from the genomic sequencing of COVID-19, controversy regarding its origin has been created in the mass media. This could potentially have a long-term influence on the behavior among individuals, such as failure to comply with proposed social distancing measures, leading to a consequent rise in the morbidity and mortality rates from COVID-19 infection. Several studies have collected information about knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding COVID-19; however, very little is known about the relationship of the perceptions of the individuals regarding the origin of the virus with the knowledge and perception about social distancing. This study aimed at ascertaining this relationship. For such purpose, a web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample population from five provinces of the Dominican Republic from June to July of 2020. The data collection instrument exploited in the study was a self-designed questionnaire distributed throughout different social media platforms. A purposive sampling strategy was implemented and a total of 1195 respondents completed the questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics, stepwise multiple linear regression, and one-way multivariate analysis were implemented to test the hypotheses. The level of education was significantly associated (P = .017) with individuals' perception about the origin of COVID-19, whilst only age (P = .032) and education level (P < .001) statistically significantly predicted 'knowledge about social distancing'. Perception of COVID-19 origin was statistically significant associated (P = < .001) with the measures of the dependent variables (knowledge and perception on social distancing). The present study has established a possible link between the 'perception of COVID-19 origin' and 'the perception and knowledge about social distancing'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenisse M. Reyes
- Department of Clinical Research, M.D. Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas Y Clínicas (CINBIOCLI), Hospital Regional Universitario José María Cabral Y Báez (HRUJMCB), Santiago, Dominican Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Lilibeth Ortiz
- M.D. Independent researcher, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Maxwell Abedi
- M.Sc. Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Yenifel Luciano
- M.D. Independent researcher, New York, New York, United States, United States of America
| | - Wilma Ramos
- M.D. Department of Surgery, Hospital Metropolitano de Santiago (HOMS), Santiago, Dominican Republic
| | - Pablo J. de Js. Reyes
- Department of Clinical Research, M.D. Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas Y Clínicas (CINBIOCLI), Hospital Regional Universitario José María Cabral Y Báez (HRUJMCB), Santiago, Dominican Republic
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15
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Bowman L, Kwok KO, Redd R, Yi Y, Ward H, Wei WI, Atchison C, Wong SYS. Comparing Public Perceptions and Preventive Behaviors During the Early Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong and the United Kingdom: Cross-sectional Survey Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e23231. [PMID: 33539309 PMCID: PMC7942393 DOI: 10.2196/23231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the public health responses to previous respiratory disease pandemics, and in the absence of treatments and vaccines, the mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic relies on population engagement in nonpharmaceutical interventions. This engagement is largely driven by risk perception, anxiety levels, and knowledge, as well as by historical exposure to disease outbreaks, government responses, and cultural factors. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to compare psychobehavioral responses in Hong Kong and the United Kingdom during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Comparable cross-sectional surveys were administered to adults in Hong Kong and the United Kingdom during the early phase of the epidemic in each setting. Explanatory variables included demographics, risk perception, knowledge of COVID-19, anxiety level, and preventive behaviors. Responses were weighted according to census data. Logistic regression models, including effect modification to quantify setting differences, were used to assess the association between the explanatory variables and the adoption of social distancing measures. RESULTS Data from 3431 complete responses (Hong Kong, 1663; United Kingdom, 1768) were analyzed. Perceived severity of symptoms differed by setting, with weighted percentages of 96.8% for Hong Kong (1621/1663) and 19.9% for the United Kingdom (366/1768). A large proportion of respondents were abnormally or borderline anxious (Hong Kong: 1077/1603, 60.0%; United Kingdom: 812/1768, 46.5%) and regarded direct contact with infected individuals as the transmission route of COVID-19 (Hong Kong: 94.0%-98.5%; United Kingdom: 69.2%-93.5%; all percentages weighted), with Hong Kong identifying additional routes. Hong Kong reported high levels of adoption of various social distancing measures (Hong Kong: 32.6%-93.7%; United Kingdom: 17.6%-59.0%) and mask-wearing (Hong Kong: 98.8% (1647/1663); United Kingdom: 3.1% (53/1768)). The impact of perceived severity of symptoms and perceived ease of transmission of COVID-19 on the adoption of social distancing measures varied by setting. In Hong Kong, these factors had no impact, whereas in the United Kingdom, those who perceived their symptom severity as "high" were more likely to adopt social distancing (adjusted odds ratios [aORs] 1.58-3.01), and those who perceived transmission as "easy" were prone to adopt both general social distancing (aOR 2.00, 95% CI 1.57-2.55) and contact avoidance (aOR 1.80, 95% CI 1.41-2.30). The impact of anxiety on adopting social distancing did not vary by setting. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that health officials should ascertain baseline levels of risk perception and knowledge in populations, as well as prior sensitization to infectious disease outbreaks, during the development of mitigation strategies. Risk should be communicated through suitable media channels-and trust should be maintained-while early intervention remains the cornerstone of effective outbreak response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Bowman
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics (J-IDEA), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kin On Kwok
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Rozlyn Redd
- Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yuanyuan Yi
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Helen Ward
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis and Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics (J-IDEA), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.,Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wan In Wei
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Christina Atchison
- Patient Experience Research Centre, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samuel Yeung-Shan Wong
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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16
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Ahmad MI, Naseem MA, Rehman RU, Zhuang W, Ali R, Manzoor MS. Risk Perception of International Medical Students About Coronavirus (COVID-19) in China and Their Willingness to Fly Back. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:503-510. [PMID: 33603516 PMCID: PMC7882437 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s278338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the willingness of international medical students enrolled in Chinese universities to return to their home countries based on their risk perception of the recent outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Materials and Methods A well-structured questionnaire was incorporated into the WeChat survey, a special feature within this mobile application, similar to Google Docs. The questionnaire was sent to 1190 international medical students across China between January 1, 2020 and May 15, 2020. A total of 897 completed questionnaires were returned, indicating a 75% response rate. Results The survey findings show that the risk perception of international medical students about COVID-19 was low because of the strong preventive measures taken by the Chinese government against COVID-19. Moreover, they were willing to stay in China until the completion of their degrees. In contrast, students who have completed their degrees were willing to return home immediately if possible. Conclusion These findings are of serious concern for developing countries where they come from because their return to their home countries may cause an epidemic outbreak in those regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ishfaq Ahmad
- School of Internet Economics and Business, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.,Lahore Business School, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Ramiz Ur Rehman
- Lahore Business School, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Weiqing Zhuang
- School of Internet Economics and Business, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Rizwan Ali
- Lahore Business School, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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17
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Al Demour S, Ababneh MA, Al-Taher RN, Alrabadi AF, Jaradat AF, Abushamma FA, Al-Hadidi FA, Al-Rawashdeh BM, Ihmeidan MA, Abubaker AK, Al-Zubi MT. Knowledge, Practice, and Attitude Toward COVID-19 Among Physicians in Jordan and Palestine: Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:77-87. [PMID: 33469347 PMCID: PMC7812038 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s294221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging disease threatening the world with a rapid increase in cases and deaths since it was first identified in December 2019. Adequate knowledge, practice, and attitudes (KPA) toward COVID-19 among physicians at the frontline defense against the COVID-19 pandemic may enhance their ability to avoid the risk of self-infection, decrease mortality, and provide adequate medical care service in this pandemic. This study aimed to assess KPA toward COVID-19 among physicians in Jordan and Palestine. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study using an online survey conducted from 10 April to 26 April 2020 among Jordan and Palestine physicians. Invitations were sent to physician groups on Facebook and WhatsApp. This survey contains 36-items, divided into four main sections to assess the participants' socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, practice, and attitude about COVID-19. RESULTS A total of 454 physicians participated in this study. The mean score of basic knowledge was 4.4 ± 0.8 (range 2-4). There were significant differences between basic knowledge mean scores among physicians in different professional degrees and physicians in various health sectors (P=0.0315, P=0.0137, respectively). The mean scores of self-protection measures, were 6.1 ± 1.1 (range 3-7) and measures if physician self-suspected of COVID-19 were 9.9± 1.1 (range 5-11). The mean score of attitudes toward COVID-19 was 41.5 ± 3.3 (range 21-45) and significantly related to the age and different experience years (P=0.0022, P=0.0077, respectively). CONCLUSION As the global threat of COVID-19 continues to emerge, physicians from Jordan and Palestine showed adequate KPA toward COVID-19. There was a significant difference in knowledge level and attitude between physicians. Policymakers and physicians should keep continuous educational activities, training, and follow-up updates during this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saddam Al Demour
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Mera A Ababneh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Irbid22110, Jordan
| | - Raed N Al-Taher
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Adel F Alrabadi
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmad F Jaradat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus44833, Palestine
- Department of Urology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus44833, Palestine
| | - Faris A Abushamma
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus44833, Palestine
- Department of Urology, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus44833, Palestine
- Bristol Urological Institute, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Fadi A Al-Hadidi
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Baeth M Al-Rawashdeh
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammad A Ihmeidan
- Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman11942, Jordan
| | - Ahmad K Abubaker
- Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammad T Al-Zubi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid21163, Jordan
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18
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Mgammal MH, Al-Matari EM. Survey data of coronavirus (COVID-19) thought concern, employees' work performance, employees background, feeling about job, work motivation, job satisfaction, psychological state of mind and family commitment in two middle east countries. Data Brief 2021; 34:106661. [PMID: 33364275 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The dataset presented in this article is an examination of coronavirus (COVID-19) thought concern, employees' work performance, employees background, feeling about job, work motivation, job satisfaction, psychological state of mind and family commitment in two middle east countries. The data were collected one time of survey data during June and July 2020 targeting people from different sectors whom have job through a survey distributed via an online questionnaire. Coronavirus (COVID-19) thought concern (9 items), employees' work performance (5 items), employees background (6 items), feeling about job (5 items), work motivation (6 items), job satisfaction (6 items), psychological state of mind (2 items) and family commitment (3 items). A mixture of purposive and snowball techniques facilitated to choose the respondents via email. We distributed 950 questionnaires through email due to the current circumstances, we offer suggestions from actual time-surveys handled in two Arabic countries the Yemen and Saudi Aribia, with a total final correct sample of 307 respondents. The survey data were analysed utilizing descriptive and inferential statistics. The data will assist in work place, companies and employees' awareness.
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19
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Van Nguyen Q, Cao DA, Nghiem SH. Spread of COVID-19 and policy responses in Vietnam: An overview. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 103:157-161. [PMID: 33220442 PMCID: PMC7674968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Despite the proximity and high travel flows with China, Vietnam has been able to contain the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study describes the characteristics of COVID-19 infections in Vietnam and policy responses to identify potential factors contributing to the relative success of Vietnam in containing this pandemic. Methods Narrative analyses were applied to describe the pandemic and policy responses. Descriptive statistics, generalized linear regression, and a susceptible-infected-recovered model were used to explore the effectiveness of Vietnamese policy responses to COVD-19. Results To date, Vietnam is one of the few countries that have successfully control the spread of COVID-19. As of 26 October 2020, Vietnam has had 1169 cases of COVID-19, of which 1061 people recovered and 35 people died from the disease. COVID-19 infected patients in Vietnam were relatively younger than those in other countries with an average age of 36. Most of the infected cases were from international travels. Policy responses in Vietnam were implemented early and strictly. Conclusions Despite the proximity to China, where COVID-19 emerged, Vietnam has experienced a small number of COVID-19 infections and fatalities compared with other countries. Most infected patients were relatively young, and exposure was attributed to international travel. Early policy interventions were the main factors that contributed to the success of Vietnam to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Van Nguyen
- College of Economics, Technology and Fisheries, Ly Nhan Tong Street, Dinh Bang, Tu Son, Bac Ninh, Viet Nam; TIMAS - Thang Long University, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Dung Anh Cao
- Academy of International Studies, Thanh Liet, Thanh Tri, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Son Hong Nghiem
- Centre for Applied Health Economics, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia.
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20
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Muluneh Kassa A, Gebre Bogale G, Mekonen AM. Level of Perceived Attitude and Practice and Associated Factors Towards the Prevention of the COVID-19 Epidemic Among Residents of Dessie and Kombolcha Town Administrations: A Population-Based Survey. Res Rep Trop Med 2020; 11:129-139. [PMID: 33244287 PMCID: PMC7683888 DOI: 10.2147/rrtm.s283043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The unprecedented global health crisis we are facing is affecting all parts of society and changing lives and livelihoods. International efforts have been applied to prevent the spread of the virus through personal hygiene, masks and social distancing as prevention measures. The aim of this study is to assess the level of perceived attitude and practice and associated factors among Dessie and Kombolcha Town administrations, north-east Ethiopia. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted using a structured interview-administered questionnaire from June 7 to 14, 2020, among Dessie and Kombolcha town residents. The data were entered to Epi Info-7.1 and exported to SPSS-23. Bivariable logistic regression was done, and variables with p < 0.25 were entered a multivariable logistic regression analysis model. Statistically significant level was declared at 95% CI and a p-value <0.05. RESULTS A total of 828 participants were involved with a response rate of 98%. Of the total participants, 29.35% (95% CI: 26.3, 32.5) had poor attitude and 41.79% (95% CI: 38.5, 45.3) had poor practice towards COVID-19 prevention. Multivariable regression results showed a significant association with being male, unable to read and write, and mass media with attitude and rural residence, being widowed, a merchant, family size 4-6, spring water source and information heard from social media with practice. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that there are inappropriate practices and poor attitudes towards COVID-19 prevention among Dessie and Kombolcha residents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Getahun Gebre Bogale
- Department of Health Informatics, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Asnakew Molla Mekonen
- Department of Health System Management, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
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21
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Asefa A, Qanche Q, Hailemariam S, Dhuguma T, Nigussie T. Risk Perception Towards COVID-19 and Its Associated Factors Among Waiters in Selected Towns of Southwest Ethiopia. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2020; 13:2601-2610. [PMID: 33223860 PMCID: PMC7671469 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s276257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Waiters working in hotels, pensions, restaurants, and cafeteria are more susceptible to COVID-19 and easily transmit the virus to others because they interact with almost all individuals who enter those establishments. However, information regarding their risk perception is scarce; hence, this study aimed to assess risk perception regarding COVID-19 and its associated factors among waiters working in the selected towns of southwest Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1 to 15, 2020. The interview-administered structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were entered into Epi data manager version 4.0.2 and exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis was done to identify factors associated with risk perception. A p-value of less than 0.05 was used as a level of significance. Results A total of 416 waiters were interviewed, with a 98.6% response rate. The mean age of respondents was 27.26 (SD=8.35) years. More than half (53.4%) agreed that COVID-19 causes more deaths than other respiratory diseases. Regarding overall risk perception, two hundred twenty-two (53.4%) participants had high-risk perceptions concerning COVID-19. Risk perception was associated with age (β= 0.10; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.18), knowledge of COVID-19 (β=0.50, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.76) and preventive behaviors (β=0.62; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.90). Conclusion A higher level of risk perception was found regarding the COVID-19. Proper risk communication to promote protective behaviors is very essential since waiters are more at risk to be infected with COVID-19 and their infection with the virus has important public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adane Asefa
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Qaro Qanche
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Shewangizaw Hailemariam
- Department of Midwifery, College of Health Science, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Dhuguma
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Health Science, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Nigussie
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan Aman, Ethiopia
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22
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Vai B, Cazzetta S, Ghiglino D, Parenti L, Saibene G, Toti M, Verga C, Wykowska A, Benedetti F. Risk Perception and Media in Shaping Protective Behaviors: Insights From the Early Phase of COVID-19 Italian Outbreak. Front Psychol 2020; 11:563426. [PMID: 33250809 PMCID: PMC7674945 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.563426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the absence of target treatments or vaccination, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic can be impeded by effectively implementing containment measures and behaviors. This relies on individuals’ adoption of protective behaviors, their perceived risk, and the use and trust of information sources. During a health emergency, receiving timely and accurate information enables individuals to take appropriate actions to protect themselves, shaping their risk perception. Italy was the first western country plagued by COVID-19 and one of the most affected in the early phase. During this period, we surveyed 2,223 Italians before the national lockdown. A quarter of the sample perceived COVID-19 less threatening than flu and would not vaccinate, if a vaccine was available. Besides, most people perceived containment measures, based on social distancing or wearing masks, not useful. This perceived utility was related to COVID-19 threat perception and efficacy beliefs. All these measures were associated with the use of media and their truthfulness: participants declared to mainly use the Internet, while health organizations’ websites were the most trusted. Although social networks were frequently used, they were rated lower for trustfulness. Our data differ from those obtained in other community samples, suggesting the relevance to explore changes across different countries and during the different phases of the pandemic. Understanding these phenomena, and how people access the media, may contribute to improve the efficacy of containment measures, tailoring specific policies and health communications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Vai
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,Fondazione Centro San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Cazzetta
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Michelle Toti
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Verga
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Benedetti
- Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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23
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Haftom M, Petrucka P, Gemechu K, Mamo H, Tsegay T, Amare E, Kahsay H, Gebremariam A. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards COVID-19 Pandemic Among Quarantined Adults in Tigrai Region, Ethiopia. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:3727-3737. [PMID: 33116693 PMCID: PMC7585797 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s275744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the onset of any novel condition, it is the “first” case identified that brings attention and sets into motion the machinery to respond – so it began with a first novel pneumonia case of unknown origin in Wuhan, China. Currently, the World Health Organization has declared SARS-CoV-2 (more commonly known as COVID-19) a public health emergency of international concern. It is projected that the path of COVID-19 could kill 50–80 million people and impacts the world’s economy in its devastating global sweep. The surge is increasing on global and national levels, causing rapid loss of life, joblessness, deterioration of the healthcare systems, and both national and global economies. In Ethiopia, the first COVID-19 case was reported in March. Since then, the government has been taking different measures to prevent its spread. Locking down all schools, declared social distancing and hand hygiene, and restricting large gatherings were some of the Ethiopian government’s actions. Objective To determine knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 pandemic among quarantined adults in Tigrai region, Ethiopia. Methods A total of 331 participants selected using a systematic random sampling method were included in the study. We used an interviewer-administered questionnaire. After describing the variables using frequencies, means, and standard deviations, multivariable logistic regression determined factors associated with knowledge and chi-squared tests for attitudes and practices towards COVID-19. Results The study participants were primarily males (70%) and mean age 30.5 (SD=11) years. The mean knowledge score was 8.73 (SD=2.64), with less than half 42.9% (95% CI: 37.5–48%) of the study participants were knowledgeable. Regarding the attitude questions, three-fourths of the participants believed that Ethiopia will control and win the battle against the COVID-19 pandemic. Nearly one-third of the participants replied that the Ethiopian government is handling this pandemic health crisis well. About half of the study participants reported that they had gone to crowded places in recent days, did not wear face mask when leaving home, and practiced preventive measures given by local health authorities. Knowledge score was statistically significantly associated with gender, age, and educational status of the study participants, whereas attitude and practices were significantly associated with educational status and knowledge of participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mekonnen Haftom
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
| | - Pammla Petrucka
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Kbrom Gemechu
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.,Department of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
| | - Haftamu Mamo
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.,School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfay Tsegay
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
| | - Embay Amare
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
| | - Hayelom Kahsay
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
| | - Alem Gebremariam
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Adigrat University, Adigrat, Ethiopia
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24
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Aghababaei S, Bashirian S, Soltanian A, Refaei M, Omidi T, Ghelichkhani S, Soltani F. Perceived risk and protective behaviors regarding COVID-19 among Iranian pregnant women. Middle East Fertil Soc J 2020; 25:29. [PMID: 32963467 PMCID: PMC7498999 DOI: 10.1186/s43043-020-00038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the vulnerability of pregnant women, few studies have been conducted on their perceived risk and protective behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present cross-sectional study aims to investigate the perceived risk and protective behaviors regarding COVID-19 among pregnant women, in Hamadan, Iran. Using a two-stage cluster sampling method, 225 pregnant women referring to the health centers completed the questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation tests as well as a stepwise linear regression model at 95% confidence level. RESULTS 93.8% of pregnant women had a high level of knowledge, 97.3% had a high performance in protective behaviors, and 72.9% had a moderate level of risk perception related to COVID-19. The highest mean score of knowledge was observed in women who had a history of influenza in their previous pregnancies (90.97 ± 5.94). The mean score of protective behaviors was significantly higher in women with a high economic level (97.78 ± 5.11), and the highest level of risk perception was observed in nulliparous women (59.97 ± 9.80). Risk perception was an independent predictor of protective behaviors related to COVID-19 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Pregnant women had a high level of knowledge, high performance in protective behaviors, and a moderate level of risk perception related to COVID-19. History of influenza in previous pregnancies, high economic level, and nulliparity were associated with higher levels of knowledge, protective behaviors, and risk perception, respectively. Risk perception of pregnant women regarding COVID-19 can predict their protective behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodabeh Aghababaei
- Mother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeed Bashirian
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Soltanian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Refaei
- Mother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Tahereh Omidi
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Farzaneh Soltani
- Mother and Child Care Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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25
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Ali H, Hossain MF, Hasan MM, Abujar S. Covid-19 Dataset: Worldwide spread log including countries first case and first death. Data Brief 2020; 32:106173. [PMID: 32844105 PMCID: PMC7430301 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The article represents coronavirus spread log history. The duration, coronavirus takes to spread from one country to another country, could be seen in this dataset and could predicted the same for future pandemics through this dataset. It is highly dependent on the cabalistic number of variables that is the main navel of these datasets. Information for this dataset is collected from trusted websites, local and international popular newspapers. This coronavirus dataset not only help to track the spreading route of coronavirus but also can be used for predicting the possible spreading route of similar future pandemics. This dataset consists of 186 countries' useful data related to COVID-19 pandemic from November 17, 2019, to May 16, 2020, with 8 unique variables that provide the information of the nature of the spread of COVID-19. The datasets mainly focus on two major fields, first one is First Case which consists of information of Date of First Case(s), Number of confirm Case(s) at First Day, Age of the patient(s) of First Case, Last Visited Country and the other one First Death information consist of Date of First Death and Age of the Patient who died first for every Country mentioning corresponding Continent.This dataset also can perform a bunch of predictions using Machine Learning applications, like -how fast the virus is spreading, affect rate, death rate, death rate and able to represent comparison between other pandemics. Using this dataset, any similar pandemic spreadness could be predicted earlier and necessary precaution measures could be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasmot Ali
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering. Daffodil International University, 4/2 Daffodil Tower, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Fahad Hossain
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering. Daffodil International University, 4/2 Daffodil Tower, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering. Daffodil International University, 4/2 Daffodil Tower, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Abujar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering. Daffodil International University, 4/2 Daffodil Tower, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
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