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Nashed MS, Hassanen EI, Issa MY, Tohamy AF, Prince AM, Hussien AM, Soliman MM. The mollifying effect of Sambucus nigra extract on StAR gene expression, oxidative stress, and apoptosis induced by fenpropathrin in male rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 189:114744. [PMID: 38782235 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin (FNP) is a man-made insecticide of to the pyrethroid class, commonly employed in agricultural and horticultural practices. However, it has a prolonged persistence in the environment. Sambucus nigra, also referred to as SN, is a botanical species recognized for its notable antioxidant characteristics. The objective of this study was to examine if SN extract could mitigate the reproductive toxicity induced by FNP in rats. A total of thirty rats were categorized into six distinct groups: a control group with no treatment, two groups getting SN extract at varying doses, a group receiving FNP, and two groups receiving both FNP and SN extract. The exposure to FNP led to a decline in the number and movement of sperm, lowered levels of testosterone, and reduced the activity of the StAR gene in the FNP group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, FNP resulted in a significant increase in malondialdehyde levels with a significant drop in GSH content compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Also, a significant increase in the expression of caspase 3. Nevertheless, the administration of SN extract alleviated these effects and reinstated spermatogenesis, thereby bringing the parameters closer to those observed in the control group. The data indicate that FNP can induce testicular harm and infertility, but SN extract can mitigate these detrimental consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marsail S Nashed
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman I Hassanen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa Y Issa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Adel F Tohamy
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Abdelbary M Prince
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Hussien
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maher M Soliman
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
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Alotaibi BS, Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A, Abd-Elhakim YM, Noreldin AE, Elhamouly M, Khamis T, El-Far AH, Alosaimi ME, Dahran N, Alqahtani LS, Nicotra M, El-Gamal M, Di Cerbo A. Exploring the link between pyrethroids exposure and dopaminergic degeneration through morphometric, immunofluorescence, and in-silico approaches: the therapeutic role of chitosan-encapsulated curcumin nanoparticles. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1388784. [PMID: 38751787 PMCID: PMC11094265 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1388784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The synthetic pyrethroid derivative fenpropathrin (FNE), a commonly used insecticide, has been associated with various toxic effects in mammals, particularly neurotoxicity. The study addressed the hallmarks of the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease upon oral exposure to fenpropathrin (FNE), mainly the alteration of dopaminergic markers, oxidative stress, and molecular docking in rat models. In addition, the protective effect of curcumin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (CRM-Chs-NPs) was also assessed. Methods: In a 60-day trial, 40 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: Control, CRM-Chs-NPs (curcumin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles), FNE (15 mg/kg bw), and FNE + CRM-Chs-NPs. Results: FNE exposure induced reactive oxygen species generation, ATP production disruption, activation of inflammatory and apoptotic pathways, mitochondrial function and dynamics impairment, neurotransmitter level perturbation, and mitophagy promotion in rat brains. Molecular docking analysis revealed that FNE interacts with key binding sites of dopamine synthesis and transport proteins. On the other hand, CRM-Chs-NPs mitigated FNE's toxic effects by enhancing mitochondrial dynamics, antioxidant activity, and ATP production and promoting anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic responses. Conclusion: In summary, FNE appears to induce dopaminergic degeneration through various mechanisms, and CRM-Chs-NPs emerged as a potential therapeutic intervention for protecting the nervous tissue microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah S. Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E. Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Elhamouly
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali H. El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Manal E. Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena S. Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mario Nicotra
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Mohamed El-Gamal
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura City, Egypt
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
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Hassaneen NH, Hemeda SA, El Nahas AF, Fadl SE, El-Diasty EM. Camel milk or silymarin could improve the negative effects that experimentally produced by aflatoxin B1 on rat's male reproductive system. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:108. [PMID: 38500117 PMCID: PMC10946164 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-03965-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Camel milk and silymarin have many different beneficial effects on several animal species. Meanwhile, Aflatoxins are mycotoxins with extraordinary potency that pose major health risks to several animal species. Additionally, it has been documented that aflatoxins harm the reproductive systems of a variety of domestic animals. The present design aimed to investigate the impact of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on rat body weight and reproductive organs and the ameliorative effects of camel milk and silymarin through measured serum testosterone, testes pathology, and gene expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR), and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) in the testes. A total of sixty mature male Wister white rats, each weighing an average of 83.67 ± 0.21 g, were used. There were six groups created from the rats. Each division had ten rats. The groups were the control (without any treatment), CM (1 ml of camel milk/kg body weight orally), S (20 mg silymarin/kg b. wt. suspension, orally), A (1.4 mg aflatoxin/kg diet), ACM (aflatoxin plus camel milk), and AS (aflatoxin plus silymarin). RESULTS The results indicated the positive effects of camel milk and silymarin on growth, reproductive organs, and gene expression of TNF-α, LHR, and StAR with normal testicular architecture. Also, the negative effect of AFB1 on the rat's body weight and reproductive organs, as indicated by low body weight and testosterone concentration, was confirmed by the results of histopathology and gene expression. However, these negative effects were ameliorated by the ingestion of camel milk and silymarin. CONCLUSION In conclusion, camel milk and silymarin could mitigate the negative effect of AFB1 on rat body weight and reproductive organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla H Hassaneen
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt.
| | - Shabaan A Hemeda
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abeer F El Nahas
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sabreen E Fadl
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt
| | - Eman M El-Diasty
- Mycology Department, Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Giza (ARC), Egypt
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Wang F, Lin Y, Xu J, Wei F, Huang S, Wen S, Zhou H, Jiang Y, Wang H, Ling W, Li X, Yang X. Risk of papillary thyroid carcinoma and nodular goiter associated with exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds: A multi-pollutant assessment based on machine learning algorithms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:169962. [PMID: 38219999 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.169962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) may link to thyroid nodule risk, but studies of mixed-SVOCs exposure effects are lacking. Traditional analytical methods are inadequate for dealing with mixed exposures, while machine learning (ML) seems to be a good way to fill the gaps in the field of environmental epidemiology research. OBJECTIVES Different ML algorithms were used to explore the relationship between mixed-SVOCs exposure and thyroid nodule. METHODS A 1:1:1 age- and gender-matched case-control study was conducted in which 96 serum SVOCs were measured in 50 papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), 50 nodular goiters (NG), and 50 controls. Different ML techniques such as Random Forest, AdaBoost were selected based on their predictive power, and variables were selected based on their weights in the models. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to assess the mixed effects of the SVOCs exposure on thyroid nodule. RESULTS Forty-three of 96 SVOCs with detection rate >80 % were included in the analysis. ML algorithms showed a consistent selection of SVOCs associated with thyroid nodule. Fluazifop-butyl and fenpropathrin are positively associated with PTC and NG in single compound models (all P < 0.05). WQS model shows that exposure to mixed-SVOCs was associated with an increased risk of PTC and NG, with the mixture dominated by fenpropathrin, followed by fluazifop-butyl and propham. In the BKMR model, mixtures showed a significant positive association with thyroid nodule risk at high exposure levels, and fluazifop-butyl showed positive effects associated with PTC and NG. CONCLUSION This study confirms the feasibility of ML methods for variable selection in high-dimensional complex data and showed that mixed exposure to SVOCs was associated with increased risk of PTC and NG. The observed association was primarily driven by fluazifop-butyl and fenpropathrin. The findings warranted further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuanxin Lin
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Jianing Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China; School of Electronic Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Fugui Wei
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Simei Huang
- School of Science, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Shifeng Wen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Huijiao Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Yuwei Jiang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenlong Ling
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiangzhi Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China; Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China.
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Abd-Elhakim YM, Mohamed AAR, Noreldin AE, Khamis T, Eskandrani AA, Shamlan G, Alansari WS, Alotaibi BS, Alosaimi ME, Hakami MA, Abuzahrah SS. Fenpropathrin provoked kidney damage via controlling the NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis: The palliative role of curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 484:116869. [PMID: 38382713 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
This study assessed the ability of formulated curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CU-CS-NPs) to reduce the kidney damage resulting from fenpropathrin (FPN) in rats compared to curcumin (CU) in rats. Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were separated into six groups and orally administered 1 mL/kg b.wt corn oil, 50 mg CU/kg b.wt, 50 mg CU-CS-NPs /kg b.wt., 15 mg FPN /kg b.wt, CU+ FPN or CU-CS-NPs + FPN for 60 days. Then, serum renal damage products were assessed. Total antioxidant capacity, reactive oxygen species, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), malondialdehyde, NF-κB P65, cleaved-Caspase-1, and Caspase-8 were estimated in kidney homogenates. The cleaved Caspase-3 and TNF-α immunoexpression and pyroptosis-related genes were determined in renal tissues. The results showed that CU-CS-NPS significantly repressed the FPN-induced increment in kidney damage products (urea, uric acid, and creatinine). Moreover, the FPN-associated hypo-proteinemia, renal oxidative stress and apoptotic reactions, and impaired renal histology were considerably repaired by CU and CU-CS-NPs. Additionally, compared to FPN-exposed rats, CU, and CU-CS-NPs-treated rats had considerably lower immunoexpression of cleaved Caspase-3 and TNF-α in renal tissue. The pyroptosis-related genes NLRP3, GSDMD, IL-18, Caspase-3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, Caspase-8, TNF-α, and NF-κB dramatically upregulated by FPN exposure in the renal tissues. Yet, in CU and CU-CS-NPs-treated rats, the gene above expression deviations were corrected. Notably, CU-CS-NPs were superior to CU in preventing oxidative damage and inflammation and regulating pyroptosis in the renal tissues of the FPN-exposed group. The results of the present study conclusively showed the superior favorable effect of CU-CS-NPs in counteracting renal impairment linked to environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina M Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511 Zagazig, Egypt; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Areej A Eskandrani
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Medina 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghalia Shamlan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa S Alansari
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badriyah S Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal E Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ageeli Hakami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Al-Quwayiyah, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah S Abuzahrah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 34, 21959, Saudi Arabia
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Mohamed AAR, Abd-Elhakim YM, Noreldin AE, Khamis T, Elhamouly M, Akela MA, Alotaibi BS, Alosaimi ME, Khalil SS, El-Gamal M, Dahran N, El-Shetry ES. Understanding fenpropathrin-induced pulmonary toxicity: What apoptosis, inflammation, and pyreptosis reveal analyzing cross-links at the molecular, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescent levels. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114520. [PMID: 38369055 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin (FN), a pyrethroid has been linked to potential pulmonary toxic effects to humans via incident direct or indirect ingestion. Thus, we aimed to the investigate the underlying mechanisms of lung toxicity upon exposure to FN in the rat model, besides studying whether curcumin (CCM) and curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoformulation (CCM-Chs) can mitigate FN-induced lung damage. Six distinct groups, namely, control, CCM, CCM-Chs, FN, and CCM + FN, CCM-Chs + FN were assigned separately. The inflammatory, apoptotic, and oxidative stress states, histological, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence examination of different markers within the pulmonary tissue were applied. The results revealed that the FN-induced tissue damage might be caused by the oxidative stress induction and depressed antioxidant glutathione system in the lungs of rats. Furthermore, FN upregulated the expression of genes related to inflammation, and pyroptosis, and elevated the immunoreactivity of Caspase-3, tumor necrosis factor-α, vimentin, and 4-Hydroxynonenal in pulmonary tissues of FN-exposed rats compared to the control. CCM and CCM-Chs mitigated the FN-induced disturbances, while remarkably, CCM-Chs showed better potency than CCM in mitigating the FN-induced toxicity. In conclusion, this study shows the prominent preventive ability of CCM-Chs more than CCM in combatting the pulmonary toxicity induced by FN. This may be beneficial in developing therapeutic and preventive strategies against FN-induced pulmonary toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Yasmina M Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Elhamouly
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Akela
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badriyah S Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, PO Box 84428, Riyadh 1671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal E Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah S Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry, Drug Information Centre, Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Gamal
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Medical Experimental Research Center (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura City, Egypt
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman S El-Shetry
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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7
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Shafiey SI, Ahmed KA, Abo-Saif AA, Abo-Youssef AM, Mohamed WR. Galantamine mitigates testicular injury and disturbed spermatogenesis in adjuvant arthritic rats via modulating apoptosis, inflammatory signals, and IL-6/JAK/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:405-418. [PMID: 37429998 PMCID: PMC10907493 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects the joints and the endocrine system via persistent immune system activation. RA patients have a higher frequency of testicular dysfunction, impotence, and decreased libido. This investigation aimed to evaluate the efficacy of galantamine (GAL) on testicular injury secondary to RA. Rats were allocated into four groups: control, GAL (2 mg/kg/day, p.o), CFA (0.3 mg/kg, s.c), and CFA + GAL. Testicular injury indicators, such as testosterone level, sperm count, and gonadosomatic index, were evaluated. Inflammatory indicators, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), p-Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB p65), and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10), were assessed. Cleaved caspase-3 expression was immunohistochemically investigated. Protein expressions of Janus kinase (JAK), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT3), and Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling 3 (SOCS3) were examined by Western blot analysis. Results show that serum testosterone, sperm count, and gonadosomatic index were increased significantly by GAL. Additionally, GAL significantly diminished testicular IL-6 while improved IL-10 expression relative to CFA group. Furthermore, GAL attenuated testicular histopathological abnormalities by CFA and downregulated cleaved caspase-3 and NF-κB p65 expressions. It also downregulated JAK/STAT3 cascade with SOCS3 upregulation. In conclusion, GAL has potential protective effects on testicular damage secondary to RA via counteracting testicular inflammation, apoptosis, and inhibiting IL-6/JAK/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara I Shafiey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Ali A Abo-Saif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt
| | - Amira M Abo-Youssef
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.
| | - Wafaa R Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62514, Egypt.
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8
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Xiu W, Ding W, Mou S, Li Y, Sultan Y, Ma J, Li X. Adverse effects of fenpropathrin on the intestine of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and the mechanism involved. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 199:105799. [PMID: 38458669 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin (FEN), a pyrethroid pesticide, is frequently detected in natural water bodies, unavoidable pose adverse effects to aquatic organisms. However, the harmful effects and potential mechanisms of FEN on aquatic species are poorly understood. In this study, common carp were treatment with FEN at 0.45 and 1.35 μg/L for 14 d, and the toxic effects and underlying mechanisms of FEN on the intestine of carp were revealed. RNA-seq results showed that FEN exposure cause a wide range of transcriptional alterations in the intestine and the differentially expressed genes were mainly enrichment in the pathways related to immune and metabolism. Specifically, FEN exposure induced pathological damage and altered submicroscopic structure of the intestine, elevated the levels of Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin, altered the contents of claudin-1, occludin, and zonula occluden-1 (ZO-1), and causing injury to the intestinal barrier. In addition, inflammation-related index TNF-α in the serum and IL-6 in the intestinal tissues were generally increased after FEN exposure. Moreover, FEN exposure promoted an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), altered the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH), upregulated the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the intestines. The apoptosis-related parameter cytochrome c, caspase-9, and caspase-3 were significantly altered, indicating that inflammation reaction, oxidative stress, and apoptosis may be involved in the toxic mechanism of FEN on carp. Moreover, FEN treatment also altered the intestinal flora community significantly, which may affect the intestinal normal physiological function and thus affect the growth of fish. Overall, the present study help to clarify the intestinal reaction mechanisms after FEN treatment, and provide a basis for the risk assessment of FEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyao Xiu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Weikai Ding
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Shaoyu Mou
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Yousef Sultan
- Department of Food Toxicology and Contaminants, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Junguo Ma
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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9
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Wang L, Jiang J, Lu J, Long T, Guo Y, Dong S, Wu H. The Developmental Toxicity and Endocrine-Disrupting Effects of Fenpropathrin on Gobiocypris rarus during the Early Life Stage. TOXICS 2023; 11:1003. [PMID: 38133404 PMCID: PMC10747009 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11121003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the developmental toxicity and endocrine-disrupting effects of fenpropathrin on Gobiocypris rarus during the early life stage were studied using a semi-static water exposure method. The results showed that the LOEC (lowest observed effect concentration) of fenpropathrin on the incubation of rare minnow embryos was above 2.5 μg·L-1. The LOEC and NOEC (no observed effect concentration) of fenpropathrin on the developmental malformations and death indicators were 2.0 and 1.5 μg·L-1, respectively. After exposure to 1.5 μg·L-1 of fenpropathrin for 31 days, the expressions of androgen receptor genes (AR) and sex hormone-synthesis-related genes (CYP17 and CYP19a) were significantly decreased and the expressions of thyroid hormone receptor genes (TRβ) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor genes (AhR1a and AhR2) were significantly increased in juvenile Gobiocypris rarus. The expression levels of the androgen receptor gene (AR), estrogen receptor gene (ER1), and the sex hormone-synthesis-related genes (HMGR, CYP17, and CYP19a) were significantly decreased, while the estrogen receptor gene (ER2a), thyroid hormone receptor gene (TRβ), and aromatic hydrocarbon receptor genes (AhR1a and AhR2) were upregulated in juvenile Gobiocypris rarus under exposure to 2.0 μg·L-1 of fenpropathrin. Relatively low concentrations of fenpropathrin can affect the expression of sex hormone receptor genes, genes related to sex hormone synthesis, thyroid hormone receptor genes, and aromatic hydrocarbon receptor genes, thus interfering with the reproductive system, thyroid system, and metabolic level in Gobiocypris rarus. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the endocrine-disrupting effect caused by the pyrethroid insecticides in the water environment. Furthermore, studies on the internal mechanism of the endocrine-disrupting effect of pyrethroid insecticides on fish is needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jinlin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jianwei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Tao Long
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Shunan Dong
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Huiyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
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10
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Ma J, Xiu W, Diao C, Miao Y, Feng Y, Ding W, Li Y, Sultan Y, Li X. Fenpropathrin induces neurotoxic effects in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105644. [PMID: 38072519 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin (FEN) is a synthetic pyrethroid that has been frequently detected in aquatic environments, yet the neurotoxic impacts and underlying mechanisms on nontarget organisms are lacking. In this experiment, common carp were exposed to 0.45 and 1.35 μg/L FEN for 14 d and exhibited abnormal locomotor behaviour. Biochemical and molecular analysis results indicated that FEN altered the contents of tight junction proteins (claudin-1, occludin, and ZO-1), disturbed Na+-K+-ATPase and AChE activities, caused abnormal expression of neurotransmitters (ACh, DA, GABA, 5-HT, and glutamate) and caused histological damage in the brain, suggesting that FEN may damage the blood-brain barrier and induce neurotoxicity in carp. Furthermore, FEN also promoted an increase in ROS, changed SOD and CAT activities, and generally upregulated the contents of MDA, 8-OHdG, and protein carbonyl in the brain, indicating that FEN can induce oxidative stress and cause damage to lipids, DNA, and proteins. Moreover, inflammation-related indicators (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10), mitophagy-related genes (PINK1, parkin, ulk1, beclin1, LC3, p62, tfeb, and atg5), and apoptosis-related parameters (p53, bax, bcl-2, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9) were also significantly changed, suggesting that inflammation, mitophagy, and apoptosis may participate in FEN-induced neurotoxicity in carp. This study refines the understanding of the toxicity mechanism of FEN and thus provides data support for the risk assessment of FEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junguo Ma
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Wenyao Xiu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Chunyu Diao
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yumeng Miao
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yiyi Feng
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Weikai Ding
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Yousef Sultan
- Department of Food Toxicology and Contaminants, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology and Health Protection, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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11
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Alqahtani LS, Abd-Elhakim YM, Mohamed AAR, Khalifa NE, Khamis T, Alotaibi BS, Alosaimi M, El-Kholy SS, Abuzahrah SS, ElAshmouny N, Eskandrani AA, Gaber RA. Curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles alleviate fenpropathrin-induced hepatotoxicity by regulating lipogenesis and pyroptosis in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 180:114036. [PMID: 37714448 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the probable alleviative role of curcumin (CMN) (50 mg/kg b.wt) or curcumin-loaded chitosan nanoparticle (CLC-NP) (50 mg/kg b.wt) was assessed against the hepatotoxic effect of a widely used pyrethroid insecticide, fenpropathrin (FEN) (15 mg/kg b.wt) in rats in a 60-day experiment. The results revealed that CMN and CLC-NP significantly suppressed the FEN-induced increment in serum hepatic enzyme activities (ALT, AST, and ALP) and hyperbilirubinemia. Moreover, FEN-associated dyslipidemia, hepatic oxidative stress, and altered hepatic histology were significantly rescued by CMN and CLC-NP. Furthermore, the increased TNF-α and Caspase-3 immunoexpression in hepatic tissues of FEN-exposed rats was significantly reduced in CMN and CLC-NP-treated ones. FEN exposure significantly upregulated the pyroptosis-related genes, including GSDMD, Casp-1, Casp-3, Casp-8, IL-18, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB and altered the expression of lipogenesis-related genes including SREBP-1c, PPAR-α, MCP1, and FAS in the hepatic tissues. Nevertheless, the earlier disturbances in gene expression were corrected in CMN and CLC-NP-treated groups. Of note, compared to CMN, CLC-NP was more effective at inhibiting oxidative damage and controlling lipogenesis and pyroptosis in the hepatic tissues of FEN-exposed rats. Conclusively, the current study findings proved the superior and useful role of CLC-NP in combating pollutants associated with hepatic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena S Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23445, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasmina M Abd-Elhakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Norhan E Khalifa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, 51511, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Badriyah S Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanad S El-Kholy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Samah S Abuzahrah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naira ElAshmouny
- Histology and Cell biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Areej Adeeb Eskandrani
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taibah University, Medina, 30002, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha A Gaber
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
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12
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Mohamed AAR, Behairy A, Abd El-Hakim YM, Metwally MMM, Khamis T, Abuzahrah SS, Abdelhamid AE, Alqahtani LS, Essawi WM, Alotaibi BS, Alosaimi M, Ahmed El-Shaer RA, Awad MM, El-Shetry ES. Comparable bio-evaluation of curcumin and chitosan-encapsulated curcumin nanoparticles against the reprotoxic potential of fenpropathrin pyrethroid in rats: Genomic and morphometric prospectives. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 179:113977. [PMID: 37532170 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
This study delves into the intricate exploration of potential toxic effects resulting from subchronic exposure to fenpropathrin (FNP) on the reproductive system of male SD rats. Adding to the novelty, our study undertakes a pioneering comparison of the effects of curcumin (CUR) and curcumin-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles (CS.CUR.NPs) on these toxic effects. The study involved a cohort of sixty male SD rats (six groups): vehicle control, CUR, Cs.CUR.NPs, FNP, and two combination groups (FNP with CUR or Cs.CUR.NPs). The synthesized Cs.CUR.NPs nanoparticles underwent meticulous characterization using Fourier Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The findings revealed that FNP caused oxidative stress, sperm abnormalities, reduced motility and sperm count FNP decreased serum LH, FSH, 17-β estradiol, and testosterone levels. FNP downregulated the mRNA expression of the spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis-related genes, While, downregulated hypothalamic KISS-1 and KISS-1r expression. Histopathological alterations were assessed and scored. Surprisingly, the treatment with CUR and Cs.CUR.NPs exhibited remarkable restorative effects on semen quality, sex hormone levels, antioxidant capacity, and mRNA expression of the targeted genes. Notably, Cs.CUR.NPs displayed superior properties when compared to CUR. Nevertheless, further research is imperative to evaluate their efficacy across various bodily tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amany Behairy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Yasmina M Abd El-Hakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samah S Abuzahrah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Abdelhamid
- Polymers & Pigments Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St. Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Leena S Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23445, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa M Essawi
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt
| | - Badriyah S Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Marwa Mahmoud Awad
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Eman S El-Shetry
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
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13
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Jebur AB, El-Sayed RA, Abdel-Daim MM, El-Demerdash FM. Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Peel Extract Pre-Treatment Alleviates Fenpropathrin-Induced Testicular Injury via Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Adult Male Rats. TOXICS 2023; 11:504. [PMID: 37368604 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin (FNP) is one of the commonly used insecticides in agriculture and domestically, leading to environmental and health problems. The goal of the current investigation was to determine how well pomegranate peel extract (PGPE) could prevent the testicular toxicity and oxidative stress induced by FNP. Four groups of male Wistar rats were randomly assigned: negative control (corn oil), PGPE (500 mg/kg BW), positive control (FNP; 15 mg/kg BW, 1/15 LD50), and PGPE + FNP. For four weeks, the rats received their doses daily and orally via gavage. The major phytochemical components (total phenolic, flavonoids, and tannins contents) detected in PGPE by GC-MS included ellagic acid, hydroxymethylfurfurole, guanosine, and pyrogallol with high total phenolic, flavonoids, and tannin contents. FNP-treated rats showed a marked elevation in testicular levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, hydrogen peroxide, and protein carbonyl content, as well as the activity of aminotransferases and phosphatases. Meanwhile. a significant decline in body weight, gonadosomatic index, glutathione, protein contents, enzymatic antioxidants, and hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β HSD, and 17β HSD) activity was observed. In addition, significant alterations in testicular P53, Cas-3, Bcl-2, IL-β, IL-10, testosterone, follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones, and sperm quality were detected. Furthermore, biochemical and molecular changes were corroborated testicular histological abnormalities. Moreover, PGPE-pretreated FNP-intoxicated rats demonstrated considerable improvement in the majority of the studied parameters, when compared to FNP-treated groups. Conclusively, PGPE provided a potent protective effect against the testicular toxicity caused by FNP, due to its antioxidant-active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali B Jebur
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, University of Kerbala, Kerbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Raghda A El-Sayed
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horreya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Fatma M El-Demerdash
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, 163 Horreya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
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14
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Chen D, Liang J, Jiang C, Wu D, Huang B, Teng X, Tang Y. Mitochondrion Participated in Effect Mechanism of Manganese Poisoning on Heat Shock Protein and Ultrastructure of Testes in Chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1432-1441. [PMID: 35513734 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) poisoning can happen in the case of environmental pollution and occupational exposure. However, the underlying mechanisms of Mn-induced teste toxicity and whether mitochondrion and heat shock proteins (HSPs) are involved in toxic effect of Mn on chicken testes remain poorly understood. To investigate this, MnCl2·4H2O was administered in the diet (600, 900, and 1800 mg/kg Mn) of chickens for 30, 60, and 90 days. Electron microscopy and qPCR were performed. Results showed that Mn exposure suppressed dose- and time-dependently HSP40 and HSP60 mRNA levels, meanwhile increased does-dependently HSP27, HSP70, and HSP90 mRNA levels at all three time points under three Mn exposure concentrations. Furthermore, Mn treatment damaged myoid cells, spermatocytes, and Sertoli cells through electron microscopic observation, indicating that Mn treatment damaged chicken testes. In addition, abnormal shapes of mitochondria were found, and mitochondria displayed extensive vacuolation. The increase of HSP90 and HSP70 induced by Mn exposure inhibited HSP40 and stimulated HSP27, respectively, in chicken testes, which needs further to be explored. Taken together, our study suggested that there was toxic effect in excess Mn on chickens, and HSPs and mitochondria were involved in the mechanism of dose-dependent injury caused by Mn in chicken testes. This study provided new insights for Mn toxicity identification in animal husbandry production practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dechun Chen
- Electrical and Information Engineering College, JiLin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiatian Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Chunyu Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Di Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Electrical and Information Engineering College, JiLin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China
| | - Xiaohua Teng
- Electrical and Information Engineering College, JiLin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China.
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - You Tang
- Electrical and Information Engineering College, JiLin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, China.
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15
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Tijani AS, Farombi EO, Olori DO. Thymol co-administration abrogates hexachlorobenzene-induced reproductive toxicities in male rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271221149201. [PMID: 36606752 DOI: 10.1177/09603271221149201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This present study was designed to investigate ameliorating potential of thymol (THY) on hexachlorobenzene (HBC)-induced epididymal and testicular toxicities in adult male rats. Forty adult male rats were orally treated by gavage daily for 28 consecutive days and divided into four groups; control group administered with corn oil, HBC-treated group (16 mg/kg b. wt), thymol-treated group (30 mg/kg b. wt), and HBC + THY-treated group. The results revealed that HBC exposure caused a significant decrease in the body weight change, organ weights, sperm functional parameters, serum testosterone level with widespread histological abnormalities. Furthermore, HBC-treated rats showed increased in the serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), epididymal and testicular myeloperoxidase activity, tumor necrosis-α, interleukin-1β level and caspase-3 activity, induced oxidative damage as evidenced by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (RONS) levels and significant reduction in antioxidant enzyme activities and reduced glutathione (GSH). However, co-treatment of THY with HBC alleviated the HBC-induced epididymal and testicular toxicities. Our findings revealed that HBC acts as a reproductive toxicant in rats and thymol could be a potential remedial agent for HBC-induced reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abiola S Tijani
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, 58987University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ebenezer O Farombi
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, 58987University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - David O Olori
- Department of Biochemistry, Bowen University, Iwo, Nigeria
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Ali Abd El-Rahman H, Omar AR. Ameliorative effect of avocado oil against lufenuron induced testicular damage and infertility in male rats. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14580. [PMID: 36068645 DOI: 10.1111/and.14580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lufenuron is a benzoylurea pesticide that causes significant histological and histochemical damage in mammals. Avocado is a common food in the human diet that contains antioxidant and antitumor properties. In male rats, avocado oil's protection against lufenuron-induced reproductive deterioration, oxidative stress, and DNA damages was investigated. Twenty-eight mature male rats were selected and distributed into four groups: Group 1, control group were administered distilled water orally; Group 2 received 4 ml/kg avocado; Group 3 was given lufenuron (1.6 mg/kg), and Group 4 was given avocado oil/lufenuron. The findings show that lufenuron treatment reduces reproductive hormone levels, sperm count, motility, viability and causes negative histopathological changes in testicular tissue, such as decreased epithelial height and increased luminal diameter degenerated spermatogenesis. Furthermore, lufenuron reduced the content of antioxidant enzymes while increasing the level of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide and corresponding DNA damage. Results showed that lufenuron is associated with testicular function impairment, which leads to infertility. Treatment with avocado oil improved reproductive hormone secretions, enzymatic activity, histological and DNA damage parameters in testis tissues, reducing the negative effects of lufenuron, proving that it may have a therapeutic role against lufenuron-mediated testicular toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amel Ramadan Omar
- Faculty of Science, Department of Zoology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Rilwan HB, Adebisi SS, Timbuak JA, Oladele SB, Muhammad A, Sadeeq AA, Makena W. Camel milk ameliorates diabetes in pigs by preventing oxidative stress, inflammation and enhancing beta cell function. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:1625-1634. [PMID: 36404858 PMCID: PMC9672245 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of the study was to determine how camel milk affects hyperglycemia, beta-cell function, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetic pigs. Methods Twenty-five (25) pigs were separated into five (5) groups of five pigs each, with five (5) non-diabetic and twenty (20) diabetic pigs in each group. Groups 1 and 2 received distilled water as the standard control and diabetic control groups, respectively, while Groups 3 and 4 received camel milk at 250 mL/day and 500 mL/day, respectively, and Group 5 received metformin at 500 mg/day. The experiment lasted ten weeks. At the end of the ten weeks, all the pigs were euthanized. Results Treatments with camel milk substantially enhance glucose fasting levels by reducing hyperglycemia in diabetic pigs, significant level at (p < 0.05). When pigs given camel milk were compared with untreated diabetic pigs, there was a substantial rise (p < 0.05) in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Also, camel milk substantially lowered the levels of interleukin (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in diabetic pig serum. Similarly, immunohistochemical analysis of islet cells revealed an increase in insulin production, implying improved glycemic control and the eventual commitment of glucose to glycolysis. Conclusion The bioactive-mediated anti-hyperglycemic and insulin release potential of camel milk treatments contributed to improving type 2 diabetes mellitus. Camel milk improved beta-cell function while reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in type 2 diabetic pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiza Bello Rilwan
- Department of Human Anatomy, Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Kaduna State Nigeria
| | | | - James Abrak Timbuak
- Department of Human Anatomy, Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano, Kano State Nigeria
| | | | - Aliyu Muhammad
- Department of Human Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State Nigeria
| | | | - Wusa Makena
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State Nigeria
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18
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Yu T, Xu X, Mao H, Han X, Liu Y, Zhang H, Lai J, Gu J, Xia M, Hu C, Li D. Fenpropathrin exposure induces neurotoxicity in zebrafish embryos. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1539-1554. [PMID: 36266516 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01134-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin has been a commonly used insecticide to control agricultural and household insects over a few decades. Up to now, fenpropathrin residue in soil and water has been often determined due to its widespread use, which poses serious threat to environment and aquatic organisms. The potential of fenpropathrin to affect aquatic lives is still poorly understood. In this study, we used zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo as an experimental model system to evaluate the toxicity of fenpropathrin to the development of zebrafish nervous system. Zebrafish embryos were separately exposed to fenpropathrin at the dose of 0.016 mg/L, 0.032 mg/L, 0.064 mg/L, starting at 6 h post-fertilizationhpf (hpf) up to 96 hpf. The results showed that fenpropathrin exposure gives rise to physiological, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental impairments in zebrafish embryos, including enhanced acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, abnormal swimming behavior, karyopyknosis in brain cells, increased intercellular space, and uneven migration of neuron in brain area. In addition, the expressions of genes concerning neurodevelopment and neurotransmitter system were inhibited following fenpropathrin exposure. We also found that fenpropathrin exposure distinctly induced oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibiting the production of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Expectedly, some apoptosis-associated genes were induced and the apoptosis appeared in the brain and heart cells of zebrafish embryos. Moreover, fenpropathrin exposure also inhibited the expressions of genes in Nrf2 signaling pathway, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and SOD. In summary, the results of this study indicate that oxidative stress-triggered apoptosis may be an underlying fundamental of fenpropathrin-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yu
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaowen Xu
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huiling Mao
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yulong Liu
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingli Lai
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianfeng Gu
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Mengling Xia
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chengyu Hu
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dongming Li
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China.
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fuzhou Medical College, Nanchang University, Fuzhou, 344000, Jiangxi, China.
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19
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Xu L, Shen W, Liu Y, Zhang M, Yang Y, Yin D. Fenpropathrin increases gliquidone absorption via causing damage to the integrity of intestinal barrier. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113882. [PMID: 35841655 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fenpropathrin is a commonly used pesticide, which was ingested by humans through diet and water. Gliquidone is a common hypoglycemic drug that diabetic patients need for long-term use. This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term exposure to fenpropathrin on the intestinal barrier and intestinal absorption of the model drug gliquidone. The Ussing Chamber study had shown that fenpropathrin can increase the transport of gliquidone in an isolated intestinal model. In addition, the intestinal absorption of fluorescein was significantly increased in fenpropathrin-exposed rats administered by gavage. Further research suggested that fenpropathrin exposure caused a series of pathological effects: the structure of the intestine was damaged, the expression of tight junction proteins in the intestinal tissue was decreased, the intestinal MDA was increased, the SOD was decreased, and the expression of inflammatory factors was increased. In the Caco-2 cell model, it was found that fenpropathrin can increase the transport of gliquidone in the Caco-2 cell monolayer, reduce the expression of tight junction proteins and increase reactive oxygen species in Caco-2 cells. Fenpropathrin exposure also resulted in decreasing expression of PPAR-γ and UCP-2 in intestinal tissue and Caco-2 cell model, while causing increased expression of p-P38. The above results indicated that fenpropathrin exposure could induce oxidative stress and destroy the intestinal barrier by affecting the expression of p-P38/P38/PPAR-γ/UCP-2 protein, thereby increasing the intestinal absorption of gliquidone. This study provides new insights into the hazards of fenpropathrin residues in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Wei Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230021, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Mingyan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department(AUCM), Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230021, China.
| | - Dengke Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics, Anhui Education Department(AUCM), Hefei 230012, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei 230021, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230021, China.
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20
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Nazanin M, Tolouei-Azar J, Razi M. Running exercise training-induced impact on oxidative stress and mitochondria-related apoptosis in rat's testicles. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14520. [PMID: 35818990 DOI: 10.1111/and.14520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study has been designed to explore the effects of running exercise training protocols (ETPs), with different intensities, on testicular redox and antioxidant capacities. Moreover, the crosstalk between oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondria-related apoptosis was analysed. To this end, 24 Wistar rats were subdivided into sedentary control, low- (LICT), moderate- (MICT), and high (HICT)-intensity continuous running ETP groups. Following 8 weeks, the Johnsen score, sperm count, testicular malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total oxidant status (TOS), and redox biomarkers, including glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels were evaluated. Additionally, the expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, proteins involving in the mitochondria-related apoptosis, and the apoptotic index were analysed. The LICT and MICT running ETPs did not affect the spermatogenesis development, sperm count, and antioxidant and redox capacities. Accordingly, no significant changes were revealed in Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 expression levels and apoptosis index compared to sedentary rats. In contrast, the HICT-induced rats showed a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in spermatogenesis development, sperm count, antioxidant and redox capacities versus control, LICT, and MICT groups. Moreover, the expression of Bcl-2 was decreased, while the Bax and caspase-3 expression levels were increased in the HICT-induced group. Finally, the apoptosis index was increased in the HICT group. In conclusion, the suppressed redox system after HICT can trigger the mitochondria-mediated ROS overload, result in OS condition in the testicular tissue, and reversely target the mitochondrial membrane permeability. All of these molecular alterations are suspected to initiate progressive mitochondria-related apoptosis after HICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozaffari Nazanin
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Javad Tolouei-Azar
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Department of basic Sciences, Division of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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21
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Ranjbar A, Satari M, Mohseni R, Tavilani A, Ghasemi H. Chlorella vulgaris ameliorates testicular toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride in male rats via modulating oxidative stress. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14495. [PMID: 35671993 DOI: 10.1111/and.14495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Chlorella Vulgaris (CVE) (50 and 100 mg/kg doses) on sperm DNA fragmentation, testis oxidative stress in Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4)-exposed rats. Thirty healthy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 6): Control; CCl4; CVE; CCl4 + CVE50; CCl4 + CVE100. At the end of the experiment, the testicular oxidative stress parameters were estimated. The Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) and Acridine orange (AO) staining were performed to examine the sperm DNA fragmentation status. CCl4 treatment showed a significant decrease in antioxidant markers and sperm count, viability, normal morphology and motility as well as significantly increased the testicular oxidative stress markers, and the percentage of CMA3 and AO positive sperms in normal rats (p < 0.05). While CVE supplementation has revealed a significant decrease in the percentage of CMA3 and AO positive sperms as well as testicular oxidative stress markers and considerably improved the testis antioxidant status (p < 0.05). CVE has also increased the number of sperms with forwarding movement, normal morphology and viability (p < 0.05). Taken together, our analyses suggest that CVE may play a critical role in attenuating the CCl4-induced oxidative stress in the testis, thereby protecting the sperm membrane and DNA against oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram Ranjbar
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahtab Satari
- Department Department of Midwifery, Hamadan university of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Roohollah Mohseni
- Department of Biochemistry, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Ghasemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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22
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Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A, Khater SI, Metwally MMM, Bin Emran T, Nassan MA, Abd El-Emam MM, Mostafa-Hedeab G, El-Shetry ES. TGF-β1, NAG-1, and antioxidant enzymes expression alterations in Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in a rat model: Comparative modulating role of Melatonin, Vit. E and Ozone. Gene 2022; 820:146293. [PMID: 35143943 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is an anticancer medication that is commonly used to treat solid tumors. Its use is, however, dose-restricted due to nephrotoxicity. We planned to compare the nephroprotective effects of three major compounds, including melatonin (MN), Ozone, or vitamin E, against the CP-induced renal damage in rats. CP was given once intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg,) eliciting acute kidney injury as assured by several adverse histological changes; glomerulopathy, tubulopathy, and vasculopathy, an inflammatory response including elevated TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β. Furthermore, biochemical alterations including, elevated plasma levels of urea, uric acid, creatinine, phosphorous, decreased plasma calcium levels, and gene expression abnormalities; upregulation of N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) and Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), downregulation of CAT and SOD. Concurrent supplementation with either MN (10 mg/kg per os) or Ozone (1.1 mg/kg ip) and Vit E given by oral gavage (1 g/kg) for five consecutive days prior to CP injection and five days afterward displayed variable significant nephroprotective effects by mitigating the pro-inflammatory secretion, augmenting antioxidant competence, and modulating the gene expression in the renal tissue. The obtained biochemical, histological, and gene expression data suggested that MN had foremost rescue effects followed by Ozone then Vit E. MN's ameliorative effect was augmented in many indices including TNF-α, IL-6 , IL1-β, uric acid, creatinine, sNGAL and GGT, more than observed in Ozone, and Vit E therapy. A combination of these medications is expected to be more useful in relieving the damaging renal effects of CP given to cancer patients, pending further toxicological and pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Safaa I Khater
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 4511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed A Nassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahran M Abd El-Emam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 4511, Egypt
| | - Gomaa Mostafa-Hedeab
- Pharmacology department & Health Research Unit, Medical College, Jouf University, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Eman S El-Shetry
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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23
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Concerns with Male Infertility Induced by Exposure to Titanium Nanoparticles and the Supporting Impact of Pelargonium graveolens Essential Oil: Morphometric Records in Male-Wistar Rats. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050639. [PMID: 35629307 PMCID: PMC9143165 DOI: 10.3390/life12050639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Due to the increased use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs), the risks of their reprotoxic effect arise. This study anticipated examining the potential protective effects of GEO (geranium essential oil) components screened via GC/MS analysis against the reprotoxic impacts of TiO2 NPs on male rats. Methods: Thirty-two adult male rats were randomly assigned to four groups: control, GEO (75 mg/kg bwt/orally/day/60 days), TiO2 NPs (100 ppm/rat/IP/day/60 days), and TiO2 NPs + GEO. After 60 days, hormonal assay, semen appraisal, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes, testis and prostate morphometry, and the steroidogenesis-related genes’ mRNA expressions were assessed. Results: The TEM and DLS results demonstrated that synthesized TiO2 NPs are spherical with minimal aggregations polydispersed and varying in size from 50 to 100 nm. TiO2 NPs IP injection-induced sperm abnormalities decreased the percent of motile sperms in the sperm count, reduced sex hormone levels, altered the testicular oxidant/antioxidant status and mRNA expression of steroid-related genes, and induced architectural alterations in testicular, epididymal, and prostate gland tissues. GEO significantly rescued the TiO2 NPs-altered spermiogram, sex hormones, and antioxidant capacity, restored the tissue architectures, and enhanced steroidogenesis-related gene mRNA expression. Conclusions: These findings may significantly contribute to developing combinatorial treatments for infertility associated with various environmental and industrial xenobiotic exposures.
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24
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Pugsley K, Scherer SW, Bellgrove MA, Hawi Z. Environmental exposures associated with elevated risk for autism spectrum disorder may augment the burden of deleterious de novo mutations among probands. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:710-730. [PMID: 34002022 PMCID: PMC8960415 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01142-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although the full aetiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is unknown, familial and twin studies demonstrate high heritability of 60-90%, indicating a predominant role of genetics in the development of the disorder. The genetic architecture of ASD consists of a complex array of rare and common variants of all classes of genetic variation usually acting additively to augment individual risk. The relative contribution of heredity in ASD persists despite selective pressures against the classic autistic phenotype; a phenomenon thought to be explained, in part, by the incidence of spontaneous (or de novo) mutations. Notably, environmental exposures attributed as salient risk factors for ASD may play a causal role in the emergence of deleterious de novo variations, with several ASD-associated agents having significant mutagenic potential. To explore this hypothesis, this review article assesses published epidemiological data with evidence derived from assays of mutagenicity, both in vivo and in vitro, to determine the likely role such agents may play in augmenting the genetic liability in ASD. Broadly, these exposures were observed to elicit genomic alterations through one or a combination of: (1) direct interaction with genetic material; (2) impaired DNA repair; or (3) oxidative DNA damage. However, the direct contribution of these factors to the ASD phenotype cannot be determined without further analysis. The development of comprehensive prospective birth cohorts in combination with genome sequencing is essential to forming a causal, mechanistic account of de novo mutations in ASD that links exposure, genotypic alterations, and phenotypic consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kealan Pugsley
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Stephen W. Scherer
- grid.42327.300000 0004 0473 9646The Centre for Applied Genomics and Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938McLaughlin Centre and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Mark A. Bellgrove
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Ziarih Hawi
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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25
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El-Shetry ES, Mohamed AAR, Khater SI, Metwally MMM, Nassan MA, Shalaby S, A M El-Mandrawy S, Bin Emran T, M Abdel-Ghany H. Synergistically enhanced apoptotic and oxidative DNA damaging pathways in the rat brain with lead and/or aluminum metals toxicity: Expression pattern of genes OGG1 and P53. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 68:126860. [PMID: 34583094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead (Pb) and aluminum (Al) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants and are known to induce neurodegenerative disorders. They enhance neuronal changes and may involve glial alterations and other consequences. We intend to evaluate the mechanism through which the long-term exposure to Pb acetate alone or in combination with aluminum-chloride induced neurological impacts in rats. METHODS For this aim, a total number of forty male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned into four groups. Control (DW), Pb acetate (12.5 mg/kg BW), Al chloride (64 mg/kg BW), and the combination group were experimentally exposed for 60 days. Biochemical evaluation of oxidative stress biomarkers, transcriptional-mediated changes in the expression pattern of OGG1 and P53 genes by qRT-PCR were applied. Histopathological modifications in the brain tissue with immunohistochemical reactivity of GFAP were also detected. RESULTS Our findings revealed that lipid peroxidation was markedly enhanced but inhibited antioxidant enzyme activity in brain tissue in all exposed groups regarding the control. Pb-acetate elevated the biochemical concentration of dopamine and serotonin while AlCl3 declined their levels in the brain homogenate of rats. Furthermore, the exposure to one or both metals elevated the comet assay indices and serum level of 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine, up-regulated the expression of P53, OGG1 and GFAP immunoreactivity in the central nervous system. Histologically, they caused several brain tissue alterations. CONCLUSION The exposure to Pb and/or Al could be key candidates for neurodegenerative changes in the brain of rats via oxidative, apoptotic, and DNA damaging pathways. Besides, according to our findings, exposure to both Pb acetate and Aluminium chloride have synergistic damaging effects on the central nervous system of rats. Also, they have opposing effects on the secretion of monoamine neurotransmitters DA and 5 H T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman S El-Shetry
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Departments of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology and Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Safaa I Khater
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 4511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Nassan
- Department of clinical laboratory sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shimaa Shalaby
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Shefaa A M El-Mandrawy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
| | - Heba M Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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26
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Pesticides and Male Fertility: A Dangerous Crosstalk. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120799. [PMID: 34940557 PMCID: PMC8707831 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, an increasing incidence of male infertility has been reported. Interestingly, and considering that pesticides have been used for a long time, the high incidence of this pathological state is concomitant with the increasing use of these chemicals, suggesting they are contributors for the development of human infertility. Data from literature highlight the ability of certain pesticides and/or their metabolites to persist in the environment for long periods of time, as well as to bioaccumulate in the food chain, thus contributing for their chronic exposure. Furthermore, pesticides can act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), interfering with the normal function of natural hormones (which are responsible for the regulation of the reproductive system), or even as obesogens, promoting obesity and associated comorbidities, like infertility. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have focused on the effects and possible mechanisms of action of these pesticides on the male reproductive system that cause sundry negative effects, even though through diverse mechanisms, but all may lead to infertility. In this review, we present an up-to-date overview and discussion of the effects, and the metabolic and molecular features of pesticides on somatic cells and germinal tissues that affect germ cell differentiation.
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27
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Saber TM, Arisha AH, Abo-Elmaaty AMA, Abdelgawad FE, Metwally MMM, Saber T, Mansour MF. Thymol alleviates imidacloprid-induced testicular toxicity by modulating oxidative stress and expression of steroidogenesis and apoptosis-related genes in adult male rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112435. [PMID: 34171690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present work was designed to assess the potential ameliorative effect of thymol on the testicular toxicity caused by imidacloprid (IMI) in adult male rats. Forty adult male rats were allocated into four groups; control group was given corn oil, thymol-treated group (30 mg/kg b.wt), IMI-treated group (22.5 mg/kg b.wt), and IMI + thymol-treated group. All administrations were done by gavage every day for duration of 56 days. As a result, the IMI exposure caused a significant decline in the body weight change, reproductive organ weights, sperm functional parameters, and serum level of testosterone, widespread histological alterations, and apoptosis in the testis. Additionally, the IMI-treated rats exhibited a remarkable increment in the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. Also, IMI induced testicular oxidative stress, as indicated by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and a marked decline in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels. Moreover, IMI treatment significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of steroidogenic genes and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoexpression in the testicular tissue. However, thymol co-administration significantly mitigated the IMI-induced toxic effects. Our findings suggested that IMI acts as a male reproductive toxicant in rats and thymol could be a potential therapeutic option for IMI reprotoxic impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taghred M Saber
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Azza M A Abo-Elmaaty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Fathy Elsayed Abdelgawad
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, KSA
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Taisir Saber
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Fouad Mansour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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28
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Erdem Guzel E, Kaya Tektemur N, Tektemur A, Acay H, Yildirim A. The antioxidant and anti-apoptotic potential of Pleurotus eryngii extract and its chitosan-loaded nanoparticles against doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity in male rats. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14225. [PMID: 34431122 DOI: 10.1111/and.14225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the protective role of Pleurotus eryngii extract (PE) and Pleurotus eryngii extract-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PE-CSNP) against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced testicular toxicity in rats. Male rats were divided into six groups: control (DMSO/ethanol), PE (200 mg/kg PE), PE-CSNP (30 mg/kg PE-CSNP), DOX (10 mg/kg DOX, a single dose, i.p), DOX+PE (10 mg/kg DOX+200 mg/kg PE) and DOX+PE-CSNP (10 mg/kg DOX+30 mg/kg PE-CSNP). PE and PE-CSNP were administered by oral gavage every other day for 21 days. DOX-treated rats showed histopathological impairment compared with the control group. There was an increase in the apoptotic index, caspase 3 (CASP3), BCL2-associated X apoptosis regulator (BAX), dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) expression and total oxidative status (TOS) in the DOX group, while mitofusin-2 (MFN2), total antioxidative status (TAS) and serum testosterone levels of the DOX group reduced when compared with the other groups. PE and PE-CSNP treatments provided significant protection against DOX-induced oxidative stress by reducing TOS levels and increasing TAS levels. CASP3, BAX, apoptotic index and DRP1-MFN2 expressions were restored by PE and PE-CSNP. However, the PE-CSNP showed higher antioxidant and anti-apoptotic efficacy compared with PE. Thus, our results provide evidence that CSNP and PE could synergistically have a potent antioxidant and anti-apoptotic therapy against DOX-induced testicular damage in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Erdem Guzel
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Nalan Kaya Tektemur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tektemur
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Hilal Acay
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Science, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Ayfer Yildirim
- Vocational Higher School of Healthcare Studies, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
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Arab HH, Eid AH, Gad AM, Yahia R, Mahmoud AM, Kabel AM. Inhibition of oxidative stress and apoptosis by camel milk mitigates cyclosporine-induced nephrotoxicity: Targeting Nrf2/HO-1 and AKT/eNOS/NO pathways. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3177-3190. [PMID: 34136182 PMCID: PMC8194908 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclosporine (CsA) is a widely used immunosuppressive agent that incurs marked nephrotoxicity in the clinical setting. Thus, there is a need for finding safe/effective agents that can attenuate CsA-induced kidney injury. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanisms for CsA-associated nephrotoxicity are inadequately investigated, in particular, the AKT/eNOS/NO pathway. Here, the present work aimed to explore the potential of camel milk, a natural product with distinguished antioxidant/anti-inflammatory actions, to ameliorate CsA-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. The molecular mechanisms related to renal oxidative aberrations and apoptosis were studied, including Nrf2/HO-1 and AKT/eNOS/NO pathways. The kidney tissues were inspected using histopathology, ELISA, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The present findings demonstrated that camel milk (10 ml/kg) significantly lowered creatine, BUN, and NGAL nephrotoxicity markers and the aberrant histopathology, with similar efficacy to the reference quercetin. Moreover, camel milk suppressed the renal oxidative stress, as evidenced by significantly lowering NOX-1 and lipid peroxides and significantly augmenting the renal antioxidant moieties (GSH, GPx, and SOD), thereby, driving the restoration of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Meanwhile, camel milk counteracted the pro-apoptotic reactions by significantly lowering Bax protein expression, caspase-3 activity/cleavage, and PARP cleavage, alongside significantly increasing the expression of the proliferation signal PCNA. Regarding the anti-apoptotic AKT/eNOS/NO pathway, camel milk activated its signaling by significantly increasing the protein expression of PI3Kp110, p-AKT(Ser473)/total AKT, and p-eNOS (Ser1177)/total eNOS besides significantly boosting the renoprotective NO levels. In conclusion, these findings reveal that camel milk may be a promising candidate for the alleviation of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany H. Arab
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyCollege of PharmacyTaif UniversityTaifSaudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed H. Eid
- Department of PharmacologyEgyptian Drug Authority (EDA), formerly NODCARGizaEgypt
| | - Amany M. Gad
- Department of PharmacologyEgyptian Drug Authority (EDA), formerly NODCARGizaEgypt
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyFaculty of PharmacySinai UniversityEl IsmailiaEgypt
| | - Rania Yahia
- Department of PharmacologyEgyptian Drug Authority (EDA), formerly NODCARGizaEgypt
| | - Ayman M. Mahmoud
- Zoology Department, Faculty of ScienceBeni‐Suef UniversityBeni‐SuefEgypt
- Biotechnology DepartmentResearch Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic PlantsBeni‐Suef UniversityBeni‐SuefEgypt
| | - Ahmed M. Kabel
- Department of PharmacologyFaculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTantaEgypt
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Khater SI, Mohamed AAR, Arisha AH, Ebraheim LLM, El-Mandrawy SAM, Nassan MA, Mohammed AT, Abdo SA. Stabilized-chitosan selenium nanoparticles efficiently reduce renal tissue injury and regulate the expression pattern of aldose reductase in the diabetic-nephropathy rat model. Life Sci 2021; 279:119674. [PMID: 34081992 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
One of the global alarming prevalent metabolic diseases is Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than other diabetes and sustains a substantial burden on public and healthcare systems. This study attempts to endeavor the beneficial effect of chitosan stabilized nanoparticles Ch-SeNPs on combating diabetic nephropathy (DN) after induction of T2DM in rats (DN.STZ-induced T2D). High-fat diet (HFD) and STZ were used for the induction of T2DM in rats, and then they were treated with either metformin alone (MEF) (500 mg/kg b.wt.) or combined with (Ch-SeNPs) (2 mg Se/kg b.wt.) for eight weeks. The microvascular complications in renal tissue of diabetic rats were pronounced by the prevalence of microalbuminuria and elevated levels of urea, creatinine, and BUN. Pronounced oxidative stress with enhanced inflammatory response. In the urine of diabetic rats, a marked increase in Kim 1, β2-microglobulin, and urinary albumin. Renal morphological alterations were observed in all groups upon induction of T2DM, except for the Ch-SeNPs/MEF group showed noticeable improvements. The expression levels of Aldo-keto reductase AKr1B1, profibrotic protein transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), nestin, desmin, and vimentin, were up-regulated in the diabetic group. Significant down-regulation of their expression and restored antioxidant capacity was observed in the combined-treated group than single treated ones. Ch-SeNPs helped limit the prevalence of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β while used after T2DM induction by STZ and HFD. Ch-SeNPs/MEF co-therapy could effectively guard the kidneys and reduce the renal tissue injury via inhibiting oxidative stress and restoring glucose hemostasis, which indicates a promising line for treating T2DM nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa I Khater
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 4511, Egypt.
| | | | - Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11865, Egypt; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Lamiaa L M Ebraheim
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Shefaa A M El-Mandrawy
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Nassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amany Tharwat Mohammed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Zagazig University, Zagazig 4511, Egypt.
| | - Samar Ahmed Abdo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 4511, Egypt
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Camel Milk Mitigates Cyclosporine-Induced Renal Damage in Rats: Targeting p38/ERK/JNK MAPKs, NF-κB, and Matrix Metalloproteinases. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10050442. [PMID: 34067576 PMCID: PMC8156933 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Renal damage is a devastating adverse effect for cyclosporine; a widely used immunosuppressant drug. The present work examined the potential of camel milk, a natural agent with marked anti-inflammatory/antioxidant properties, to attenuate cyclosporine-induced renal injury. The kidney tissue was examined with the aid of Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, biochemical assays, including colorimetric and ELISA kits. The present findings revealed that camel milk (10 mL/kg/day; for 3 weeks by gavage) significantly lowered serum creatinine, BUN, and KIM-1 renal dysfunction markers. Mechanistically, camel milk inhibited renal inflammation, as seen by significant decrease of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-18) and extracellular degradation signals (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and enhanced the generation of the anti-inflammatory IL-10. Moreover, it inhibited the upstream pro-inflammatory p38/ERK/JNK MAPK pathway by lowering the phosphorylation of the 3 subfamilies of MAPKs (p38 MAPK, JNK1/2, and ERK1/2). Furthermore, camel milk curbed the NF-κB pathway activation by downregulating the protein expression of activated NF-κBp65, p-NF-κBp65, and p-IκBα proteins. Additionally, camel milk inhibited renal oxidative stress by lowering the MPO activity and augmenting the reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio and total antioxidant capacity. These findings propose that camel milk may be a promising agent that inhibits cyclosporine-triggered renal inflammation via curtailing the p38/ERK/JNK MAPK and NF-κB pathways, matrix metalloproteinases, and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Abstract
Human and animal welfare primarily depends on the availability of food and surrounding environment. Over a century and half, the quest to identify agents that can enhance food production and protection from vector borne diseases resulted in the identification and use of a variety of pesticides, of which the pyrethroid based ones emerged as the best choice. Pesticides while improved the quality of life, on the other hand caused enormous health risks. Because of their percolation into drinking water and food chain and usage in domestic settings, humans unintentionally get exposed to the pesticides on a daily basis. The health hazards of almost all known pesticides at a variety of doses and exposure times are reported. This review provides a comprehensive summation on the historical, epidemiological, chemical and biological (physiological, biochemical and molecular) aspects of pyrethroid based insecticides. An overview of the available knowledge suggests that the synthetic pyrethroids vary in their chemical and toxic nature and pose health hazards that range from simple nausea to cancers. Despite large number of reports, studies that focused on identifying the health hazards using doses that are equivalent or relevant to human exposure are lacking. It is high time such studies are conducted to provide concrete evidence on the hazards of consuming pesticide contaminated food. Policy decisions to decrease the residual levels of pesticides in agricultural products and also to encourage organic farming is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suresh Yenugu
- Department of Animal Biology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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Mohamed AAR, Khater SI, Hamed Arisha A, Metwally MM, Mostafa-Hedeab G, El-Shetry ES. Chitosan-stabilized selenium nanoparticles alleviate cardio-hepatic damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus model via regulation of caspase, Bax/Bcl-2, and Fas/FasL-pathway. Gene 2021; 768:145288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ravula AR, Yenugu S. Effect of oral administration of a mixture of pyrethroids at doses relevant to human exposure on the general and male reproductive physiology in the rat. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111714. [PMID: 33396045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies on the effects of unintentional intake of pyrethroid pesticides that are akin to actual human exposure settings are very rare. Such an exposure is primarily by consuming the food products as routine diet that contain residual levels of pyrethroids. In this study, rats were orally administered for 15 months with a mixture of pyrethroids at a dose that is one-fifth (high dose; HD) or one-twenty fifth (low dose; LD) of the residual levels commonly present in the average amount of rice and vegetables consumed by Indian population. Lipid profile, kidney and liver function were assessed. Lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, antioxidant enzyme activities and histopathological changes were analyzed in the liver, lung, kidney, pancreas, testes, caput, cauda and prostate. The effect on the male reproductive system as a function of sperm count, enzyme activity of 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD and the expression profile of genes involved in spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, genetic reprogramming and apoptosis of male gametes were evaluated. Significant increase in the relative organ weight, perturbations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, lipid profile and liver function were observed in both LD and HD groups. Damage to the anatomical architecture was evident in all the tissues due to pyrethroid toxicity. Exposure to LD and HD of pyrethroid mixture resulted in decreased sperm count, activities of 3β-HSD and 17β-HSD, impaired capacitation and acrosome reaction and perturbations in the expression of genes that govern male gamete production. Results of our study indicate that exposure to pyrethroids for longer durations even at doses that are far below the residual levels present in the food consumed will result in severe damage to general physiological processes as well as reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anandha Rao Ravula
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Suresh Yenugu
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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Abu Zeid EH, El Sharkawy NI, Moustafa GG, Anwer AM, Al Nady AG. The palliative effect of camel milk on hepatic CYP1A1 gene expression and DNA damage induced by fenpropathrin oral intoxication in male rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111296. [PMID: 32949931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the alleviating role of camel milk (CM) in the mitigation of fenpropathrin (FNP) type II pyrethroid induced oxidative stress, alterations of hepatic (CYP1A1) mRNA expression pattern, and DNA damage using the alkaline comet assay (SCGE) in male rats. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into six groups (n = 10): 1st control (C), 2nd corn oil (CO), 3rd (CM): gavaged CM 2ml/rat, 4th (FNP): gavaged FNP 7.09 mg/kg body weight (BW), 5th (FNP pro/co-treated): gavaged CM firstly for 15 days, then CM + FNP by the same mentioned doses and route, 6th (FNP + CM co-treated): gavaged FNP firstly followed by CM by the same mentioned doses and route. Rats were orally gavaged three times per week, day after day for 60 days. FNP exposure significantly reduced serum glutathione (GSH) levels, but significantly increased serum levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyl (PCO), and 8hydroxy2deoxyguanosine (8OH2dG). Additionally, FNP exposure significantly up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of hepatic CYP1A1 and increased the SCGE indices in whole blood, liver, and spleen tissues of exposed male rats. Administration of CM significantly regulated the FNP induced oxidative stress, reduced hepatic CYP1A1 mRNA expression levels and values of comet assay indices particularly in the (CM + FNP pro/co-treated) group compared to the (FNP + CM co-treated) group. In conclusion, our results indicate, for the first time, that FNP retains an in vivo genotoxic potential at a dose of (1/10 LD50) and up-regulated hepatic CYP1A1 mRNA expression in male rats. Additionally, CM supplements may improve the genotoxic outcomes, oxidative stress, and altered CYP1A1 mRNA expression induced by FNP particularly in the pro/concurrent-treatment compared to the concurrent treatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan H Abu Zeid
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Nabela I El Sharkawy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
| | - Gihan G Moustafa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Egypt
| | - Abeer M Anwer
- Head Researcher of Immunity in Animal Reproduction Research Institute. Egypt
| | - Ahmed G Al Nady
- Veterinarian at the Central Administration of Veterinary Quarantine and Examinations, Egypt
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Abd El-Hakim YM, Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A, Khater SI, Hamed Arisha A, Metwally MMM, Nassan MA, Hassan ME. Chitosan-Stabilized Selenium Nanoparticles and Metformin Synergistically Rescue Testicular Oxidative Damage and Steroidogenesis-Related Genes Dysregulation in High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:E17. [PMID: 33375437 PMCID: PMC7824144 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND this study examined the metformin (MF) and/or chitosan stabilized selenium nanoparticles (CH-SeNPs) efficacy to alleviate the male reproductive function impairment in a high-fat diet feed with low-dose streptozotocin (HFD/STZ) induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diabetic rat model. METHODS control non-diabetic, HFD/STZ diabetic, HFD/STZ+MF, HFD/STZ+CH-SeNPs, and HFD/STZ+MF+CH-SeNPs rat groups were used. After 60 days, semen evaluation, hormonal assay, enzymatic antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, testis histopathology, and the steroidogenesis-related genes mRNA expressions were assessed. RESULTS in the HFD/STZ diabetic rats, sperm count and motility, male sexual hormones, and testicular antioxidant enzymes were significantly reduced. However, sperm abnormalities and testicular malondialdehyde were significantly incremented. The steroidogenesis-related genes, including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAr), cytochrome11A1 (CYP11A1), cytochrome17A1 (CYP17A1), and hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 3 (HSD17B3), and the mitochondrial biogenesis related genes, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGCα) and sirtuin (SIRT), were significantly downregulated in the HFD/STZ diabetic rats. However, CYP19A1mRNA expression was significantly upregulated. In contrast, MF and/or CH-SeNPs oral dosing significantly rescued the T2DM-induced sperm abnormalities, reduced sperm motility, diminished sexual hormones level, testicular oxidative damage, and steroidogenesis-related genes dysregulation. In the MF and CH-SeNP co-treated group, many of the estimated parameters differ considerably from single MF or CH-SeNPs treated groups. CONCLUSIONS the MF and CH-SeNPs combined treatment could efficiently limit the diabetic complications largely than monotherapeutic approach and they could be considered a hopeful treatment option in the T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina M. Abd El-Hakim
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 4511, Egypt
| | - Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 4511, Egypt
| | - Safaa I. Khater
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 4511, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11865, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. M. Metwally
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed A. Nassan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Manal Ewaiss Hassan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt;
- Department of Pathology, Medical College, Jouf University, Al-Jawf 72388, Saudi Arabia
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Camel milk rescues neurotoxic impairments induced by fenpropathrin via regulating oxidative stress, apoptotic, and inflammatory events in the brain of rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 135:111055. [PMID: 31838190 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the camel milk (CM) efficacy to ameliorate the fenpropathrin (FNP) induced neurotoxic impacts in rats. Six groups were orally administered physiological saline, corn oil, CM (2ml/rat/day), FNP (15 mg/kg bw daily for 60 days), CM/FNP (protective) or FNP + CM (therapeutic). Sensorimotor functions, memory, exploratory, and locomotor activities were assessed. The levels of dopamine (DOPA) neurotransmitter, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers were determined. Brain histopathology and apoptotic markers immunohistochemical detection were performed. The results revealed that FNP exposure resulted in deficit sensorimotor functions, impaired memory, and less exploration. DOPA and AChE Levels were significantly reduced. FNP exposure increased nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, Caspase-3, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels but interleukin 10, total antioxidant capacity, and Bcl-2 levels were declined. Also, FNP exposure induced obvious encephalopathy. Additionally, neurodegenerative changes were seen in the hippocampi of FNP-treated rats. FNP Exposure induced a significant decrease of Bcl-2 immunolabelling but Caspase-3 immunoexpression was increased in cerebral cortices and hippocampus tissues. CM significantly counteracted the FNP injurious impacts, especially when used as a prophylactic routine than a therapeutic one. Conclusively, these findings confirmed that CM could be a biologically effective protective agent against FNP induced neurobehavioral aberrations and neurotoxic impacts.
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