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Fu TL, Li GR, Li DH, He RY, Liu BH, Xiong R, Xu CZ, Lu ZL, Song CK, Qiu HL, Wang WJ, Zou SS, Yi K, Li N, Geng Q. Mangiferin alleviates diabetic pulmonary fibrosis in mice via inhibiting endothelial-mesenchymal transition through AMPK/FoxO3/SIRT3 axis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1002-1018. [PMID: 38225395 PMCID: PMC11053064 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus results in numerous complications. Diabetic pulmonary fibrosis (DPF), a late pulmonary complication of diabetes, has not attracted as much attention as diabetic nephropathy and cardiomyopathy. Mangiferin (MF) is a natural small molecular compound that exhibits a variety of pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetes, and anti-fibrosis effects. In this study, we investigated whether long-term diabetes shock induces DPF, and explored whether MF had a protective effect against DPF. We first examined the lung tissues and sections of 20 diabetic patients obtained from discarded lung surgical resection specimens and found that pulmonary fibrosis mainly accumulated around the pulmonary vessels, accompanied by significantly enhanced endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). We established a mouse model of DPF by STZ injections. Ten days after the final STZ injection, the mice were administered MF (20, 60 mg/kg, i.g.) every 3 days for 4 weeks, and kept feeding until 16 weeks and euthanized. We showed that pulmonary fibrotic lesions were developed in the diabetic mice, which began around the pulmonary vessels, while MF administration did not affect long-term blood glucose levels, but dose-dependently alleviated diabetes-induced pulmonary fibrosis. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), exposure to high glucose (33.3 mM) induced EndMT, which was dose-dependently inhibited by treatment with MF (10, 50 μM). Furthermore, MF treatment promoted SIRT3 expression in high glucose-exposed HUVECs by directly binding to AMPK to enhance the activity of FoxO3, which finally reversed diabetes-induced EndMT. We conclude that MF attenuates DPF by inhibiting EndMT through the AMPK/FoxO3/SIRT3 axis. MF could be a potential candidate for the early prevention and treatment of DPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Lv Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Guo-Rui Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Dong-Hang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ru-Yuan He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Bo-Hao Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Chen-Zhen Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Zi-Long Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Cong-Kuan Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Hong-Liang Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wen-Jie Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Shi-Shi Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ke Yi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Ning Y, Dou X, Wang Z, Shi K, Wang Z, Ding C, Sang X, Zhong X, Shao M, Han X, Cao G. SIRT3: A potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 257:108639. [PMID: 38561088 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Sirtuin3 (SIRT3) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase located in the mitochondria, which mainly regulates the acetylation of mitochondrial proteins. In addition, SIRT3 is involved in critical biological processes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, and apoptosis, all of which are closely related to the progression of liver disease. Liver fibrosis characterized by the deposition of extracellular matrix is a result of long termed or repeated liver damage, frequently accompanied by damaged hepatocytes, the recruitment of inflammatory cells, and the activation of hepatic stellate cells. Based on the functions and pharmacology of SIRT3, we will review its roles in liver fibrosis from three aspects: First, the main functions and pharmacological effects of SIRT3 were investigated based on its structure. Second, the roles of SIRT3 in major cells in the liver were summarized to reveal its mechanism in developing liver fibrosis. Last, drugs that regulate SIRT3 to prevent and treat liver fibrosis were discussed. In conclusion, exploring the pharmacological effects of SIRT3, especially in the liver, may be a potential strategy for treating liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ning
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Dou
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kao Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Sang
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiyu Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Han
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Gang Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Xue Y, Zhu W, Qiao F, Yang Y, Qiu J, Zou C, Gao Y, Zhang X, Li M, Shang Z, Gao Y, Huang L. Ba-Qi-Rougan formula alleviates hepatic fibrosis by suppressing hepatic stellate cell activation via the MSMP/CCR2/PI3K pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 329:118169. [PMID: 38621463 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Ba-Qi-Rougan formula (BQRGF) is a traditional and effective compound prescription from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) utilized in treating hepatic fibrosis (HF). AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of BQRGF on HF and explore the underlying mechanisms of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology was employed to identify the material basis of BQRGF. Mice with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced HF received BQRGF at three doses (3.87, 7.74, and 15.48 g/kg per day). We examined serum and liver biochemical indicators and liver histology to assess the therapeutic impact. Primary mouse cells were isolated and utilized for experimental analysis. MSMP expression levels were examined in vitro and in vivo experimental models, including human and mouse tissue. Furthermore, lentivirus and small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfections were employed to manipulate microseminoprotein (MSMP) expression in LO2 cells (human normal liver cells). These manipulated LO2 cells were then co-cultured with LX2 human hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Through the modulation of MSMP expression in co-cultured cells, administering recombinant MSMP (rMSMP) with or without BQRGF-medicated serum, and using specific pathway inhibitors or agonists in LX2 cells, we elucidated the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS A total of 48 compounds were identified from BQRGF, with 12 compounds being absorbed into the bloodstream and 9 compounds being absorbed into the liver. Four weeks of BQRGF treatment in the HF mouse model led to significant improvements in biochemical and molecular assays and histopathology, particularly in the medium and high-dose groups. These improvements included a reduction in the level of liver injury and fibrosis-related factors. MSMP levels were elevated in human and mouse fibrotic liver tissues, and this increase was mitigated in HF mice treated with BQRGF. Moreover, primary cells and co-culture studies revealed that BQRGF reduced MSMP expression, decreased the expression of the hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation markers, and suppressed critical phosphorylated protein levels in the CCR2/PI3K/AKT pathway. These findings were further validated using CCR2/PI3K/AKT signaling inhibitors and agonists in MSMP-activated LX2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results suggest that BQRGF combats HF by diminishing MSMP levels and inhibiting MSMP-induced HSC activation through the CCR2/PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xue
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Wanchun Zhu
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Fengjie Qiao
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yilan Yang
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Jiaohao Qiu
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Chen Zou
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yating Gao
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Man Li
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Zhi Shang
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Institute of Infectious Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Yueqiu Gao
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Institute of Infectious Disease, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lingying Huang
- Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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Ji Z, Deng W, Chen D, Liu Z, Shen Y, Dai J, Zhou H, Zhang M, Xu H, Dai B. Recent understanding of the mechanisms of the biological activities of hesperidin and hesperetin and their therapeutic effects on diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26862. [PMID: 38486739 PMCID: PMC10937595 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural phytochemicals that have therapeutic effects and act in the prevention of several pathologies. These phytochemicals can be found in lemon, sweet orange, bitter orange, clementine. Hesperidin and hesperetin are citrus flavonoids from the flavanones subclass that have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor and antibacterial potential. Preclinical studies and clinical trials demonstrated therapeutical effects of hesperidin and its aglycone hesperetin in various diseases, such as bone diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, urinary tract diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological activities of hesperidin and hesperetin, their therapeutic potential in various diseases and their associated molecular mechanisms. This article also discusses future considerations for the clinical applications of hesperidin and hesperetin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dong Chen
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Yucheng Shen
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Jiuming Dai
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Hucheng Xu
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Bin Dai
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
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Guo P, Zeng M, Liu M, Zhang Y, Jia J, Zhang Z, Liang S, Zheng X, Feng W. Isolation of Calenduloside E from Achyranthes bidentata Blume and its effects on LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury in mice by regulating the AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway. Phytomedicine 2024; 125:155353. [PMID: 38241918 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute liver injury (ALI) is a frequent fatal liver disease with a high mortality. Calenduloside E (CE) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid derived from Achyranthes bidentata Blume. It has been found that liver injury is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, and activation of the AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway protects the mitochondrial function to play a role in resistance to the disease. However, whether CE is protective against ALI through the AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway is unclear. PURPOSE To clarify the influences of Calenduloside E (CE) isolated from Achyranthes bidentata Blume on LPS/D-GalN-induced Acute liver injury (ALI). METHODS A mouse model of ALI was developed, intraperitoneal injection of 10 μg/kg LPS and 700 mg/kg D-GalN, histopathological, oxidative stress, and immune inflammation of the mice were monitored. The mechanism of CE influencing liver injury was investigated by examining the gut microbiota, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway. The antagonistic effects of specific AMPK and SIRT3 blocker, as well as AMPKα1, AMPKα2, SIRT3 transfection-mediated silencing were investigated to confirm the role of the AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway in this process. RESULTS CE relieved liver pathological damage of mice and led to reduced oxidative stress and immune inflammation in mice, affected the balance of gut microbiota in mice with liver injury, as well as energy metabolism, and regulated mRNA and protein expressions of AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway. In addition, in vitro studies showed that CE relieved mitochondrial respiratory and protein expressions of AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway in LPS/D-GalN-induced AML12 and LX2 cells, and such effect was blocked by AMPK and SIRT3 inhibitors. Furthermore, silencing of AMPKα1, AMPKα2, and SIRT3 blocked the effects of CE. Overall, the influences of CE on mice with liver injury is tuned by the AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION CE mediates mitochondrial function and eventually regulate energy metabolism by regulating the AMPK-SIRT3 signaling pathway. The results of this study provide molecular evidences for application of CE in treatment of ALI and provide references to the drug development for ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengli Guo
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mengnan Zeng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Jufang Jia
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shulei Liang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Weisheng Feng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China; The Engineering and Technology Center for Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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Lombardo GE, Russo C, Maugeri A, Navarra M. Sirtuins as Players in the Signal Transduction of Citrus Flavonoids. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1956. [PMID: 38396635 PMCID: PMC10889095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) belong to the family of nicotine adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent class III histone deacetylases, which come into play in the regulation of epigenetic processes through the deacetylation of histones and other substrates. The human genome encodes for seven homologs (SIRT1-7), which are localized into the nucleus, cytoplasm, and mitochondria, with different enzymatic activities and regulatory mechanisms. Indeed, SIRTs are involved in different physio-pathological processes responsible for the onset of several human illnesses, such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, obesity and diabetes, age-related disorders, and cancer. Nowadays, it is well-known that Citrus fruits, typical of the Mediterranean diet, are an important source of bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols. Among these, flavonoids are recognized as potential agents endowed with a wide range of beneficial properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and antitumoral ones. On these bases, we offer a comprehensive overview on biological effects exerted by Citrus flavonoids via targeting SIRTs, which acted as modulator of several signaling pathways. According to the reported studies, Citrus flavonoids appear to be promising SIRT modulators in many different pathologies, a role which might be potentially evaluated in future therapies, along with encouraging the study of those SIRT members which still lack proper evidence on their support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Enrico Lombardo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Caterina Russo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
| | - Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy; (G.E.L.); (C.R.); (M.N.)
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Sun LJ, Chen X, Zhu S, Xu JJ, Li XF, Diao SX, Yang YL, Liu JY, Wang JN, Sun YY, Huang C, Meng XM, Wang H, Lv XW, Li J. Hesperetin derivative 2a inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced acute liver injury in mice via downregulation of circDcbld2. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:354-365. [PMID: 37845343 PMCID: PMC10789727 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-023-01171-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) is a complex, life-threatening inflammatory liver disease, and persistent liver damage leads to rapid decline and even failure of liver function. However, the pathogenesis of ALI is still not fully understood, and no effective treatment has been discovered. Recent evidence shows that many circular RNAs (circRNAs) are associated with the occurrence of liver diseases. In this study we investigated the mechanisms of occurrence and development of ALI in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI mice. We found that expression of the circular RNA circDcbld2 was significantly elevated in the liver tissues of ALI mice and LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. Knockdown of circDcbld2 markedly alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory responses in ALI mice and RAW264.7 cells. We designed and synthesized a series of hesperidin derivatives for circDcbld2, and found that hesperetin derivative 2a (HD-2a) at the concentrations of 2, 4, 8 μM effectively inhibited circDcbld2 expression in RAW264.7 cells. Administration of HD-2a (50, 100, 200 mg/kg. i.g., once 24 h in advance) effectively relieved LPS-induced liver dysfunction and inflammatory responses. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of HD-2a were mediated through downregulating circDcbld2 and suppressing the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. We conclude that HD-2a downregulates circDcbld2 to inhibit the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, thereby inhibiting the inflammatory responses in ALI. The results suggest that circDcbld2 may be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of ALI, and HD-2a may have potential as a drug for the treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jiao Sun
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Sai Zhu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Department of Nephropathy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Jin-Jin Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Shao-Xi Diao
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ying-Li Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jin-Yu Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ying-Yin Sun
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiong-Wen Lv
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, ILD-AMU, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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8
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Wei W, Li T, Chen J, Fan Z, Gao F, Yu Z, Jiang Y. SIRT3/6: an amazing challenge and opportunity in the fight against fibrosis and aging. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:69. [PMID: 38294557 PMCID: PMC10830597 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a typical aging-related pathological process involving almost all organs, including the heart, kidney, liver, lung, and skin. Fibrogenesis is a highly orchestrated process defined by sequences of cellular response and molecular signals mechanisms underlying the disease. In pathophysiologic conditions associated with organ fibrosis, a variety of injurious stimuli such as metabolic disorders, epigenetic changes, and aging may induce the progression of fibrosis. Sirtuins protein is a kind of deacetylase which can regulate cell metabolism and participate in a variety of cell physiological functions. In this review, we outline our current understanding of common principles of fibrogenic mechanisms and the functional role of SIRT3/6 in aging-related fibrosis. In addition, sequences of novel protective strategies have been identified directly or indirectly according to these mechanisms. Here, we highlight the role and biological function of SIRT3/6 focus on aging fibrosis, as well as their inhibitors and activators as novel preventative or therapeutic interventions for aging-related tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Wei
- School of Queen Mary, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jinlong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nangchang University, 999 Xuefu Rd, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- The Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Zhibiao Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nangchang University, 999 Xuefu Rd, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yihao Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nangchang University, 999 Xuefu Rd, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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Chang J, Huang C, Li S, Jiang X, Chang H, Li M. Research Progress Regarding the Effect and Mechanism of Dietary Polyphenols in Liver Fibrosis. Molecules 2023; 29:127. [PMID: 38202710 PMCID: PMC10779665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of liver fibrosis is a result of chronic liver injuries may progress to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. In recent years, liver fibrosis has become a major global problem, and the incidence rate and mortality are increasing year by year. However, there are currently no approved treatments. Research on anti-liver-fibrosis drugs is a top priority. Dietary polyphenols, such as plant secondary metabolites, have remarkable abilities to reduce lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and inflammation, and are attracting more and more attention as potential drugs for the treatment of liver diseases. Gradually, dietary polyphenols are becoming the focus for providing an improvement in the treatment of liver fibrosis. The impact of dietary polyphenols on the composition of intestinal microbiota and the subsequent production of intestinal microbial metabolites has been observed to indirectly modulate signaling pathways in the liver, thereby exerting regulatory effects on liver disease. In conclusion, there is evidence that dietary polyphenols can be therapeutically useful in preventing and treating liver fibrosis, and we highlight new perspectives and key questions for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayin Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Congying Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Xiaolei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Hong Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
| | - Minhui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China; (J.C.); (C.H.); (S.L.); (X.J.)
- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot 010020, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Characteristic Geoherbs Resources Protection and Utilization, Baotou 014040, China
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10
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Nasef MA, Yousef MI, Ghareeb DA, Augustyniak M, Aboul-Soud MAM, El Wakil A. Hepatoprotective effects of a chemically-characterized extract from artichoke ( Cynara scolymus L.) against AFB 1-induced toxicity in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:1070-1082. [PMID: 36196508 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2129672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the protective potential of a pharmaceutically formulated capsule of artichoke leaf powder (ArLP) against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. In the 42-day experiment, rats were divided into five equal groups: (i) control, treated with sterile water, (ii) treated with 4% DMSO as AFB1 vehicle, (iii) ArLP of 100 mg kg-1 bw, (iv) AFB1 of 72 µg kg-1 bw, and (v) AFB1 plus ArLP. Exposure of rats to AFB1 resulted in hepatotoxicity as manifested by the intensification of oxidative stress, production of free radicals and significant increase in the activity levels of liver function enzymes relative to the control. Significant reductions in both the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant markers as well as histopathological abnormalities in liver tissues were also observed. Notably, the combined administration of ArLP with AFB1 clearly reduced AFB1-mediated adverse effects leading to the normalization of most of these parameters back to control levels. These findings clearly highlight the potential benefits of artichoke dietary supplements as a safe and natural solution in counteracting the adverse hepatotoxic effects conferred by AFB1 exposure. Further research is warranted to fully dissect the biochemical and molecular mechanism of action of the observed artichoke-mediated hepatoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Nasef
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mokhtar I Yousef
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Ghareeb
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Bioscreening and Preclinical Trial Lab, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre, The City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maria Augustyniak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Mourad A M Aboul-Soud
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer El Wakil
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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11
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Xiao H, Xie Y, Xi K, Xie J, Liu M, Zhang Y, Cheng Z, Wang W, Guo B, Wu S. Targeting Mitochondrial Sirtuins in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases and Fibrosis. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1583-1605. [PMID: 37196115 PMCID: PMC10529758 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a natural and complex biological process that is associated with widespread functional declines in numerous physiological processes, terminally affecting multiple organs and tissues. Fibrosis and neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) often occur with aging, imposing large burdens on public health worldwide, and there are currently no effective treatment strategies for these diseases. Mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3-5), which are members of the sirtuin family of NAD+-dependent deacylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases, are capable of regulating mitochondrial function by modifying mitochondrial proteins that participate in the regulation of cell survival under various physiological and pathological conditions. A growing body of evidence has revealed that SIRT3-5 exert protective effects against fibrosis in multiple organs and tissues, including the heart, liver, and kidney. SIRT3-5 are also involved in multiple age-related NDs, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. Furthermore, SIRT3-5 have been noted as promising targets for antifibrotic therapies and the treatment of NDs. This review systematically highlights recent advances in knowledge regarding the role of SIRT3-5 in fibrosis and NDs and discusses SIRT3-5 as therapeutic targets for NDs and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Xiao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Yuqiao Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Kaiwen Xi
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Jinyi Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Medical School, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Yangming Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Zishuo Cheng
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Wenting Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Baolin Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
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12
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Taheri A, Mobaser SE, Golpour P, Nourbakhsh M, Tavakoli-Yaraki M, Yarahmadi S, Nourbakhsh M. Hesperetin attenuates the expression of markers of adipose tissue fibrosis in pre-adipocytes. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:315. [PMID: 37697354 PMCID: PMC10496229 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04152-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in adipose tissue is a hallmark of fibrosis, leading to disrupted adipose tissue homeostasis and metabolic dysfunction. Hesperetin, a flavonoid compound, has shown promising anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties. Therefore, we investigated the anti-fibrotic effects of hesperetin, through targeting ECM components and matrix metalloproteinase enzymes. METHODS 3T3-L1 cells were cultured in DMEM, containing 10% FBS and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. Cells were treated with a range of hesperetin concentrations, and the cell viability was determined using MTT assay. Subsequently, the expression of genes encoding collagen VI, osteopontin, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (Mmp-2) and Mmp-9 was analyzed using specific primers and real-time PCR technique. To evaluate protein levels of collagen VI and osteopontin, Western blotting was performed. RESULTS Hesperetin affected the viability of 3T3-L1 adipocytes with IC50 of 447.4 µM, 339.2 µM and 258.8 µM (24 h, 48 and 72 h, respectively). Hesperetin significantly reduced the gene and protein expression of both collagen VI and osteopontin in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Hesperetin was also able to cause a remarkable decline in gene expression of Mmp2 and Mmp9. CONCLUSION Hesperetin could potently reduce the production of markers of adipose tissue fibrosis and might be considered a potential anti-fibrotic compound in obesity. Thus, hesperetin has the potency to be used for the treatment of obesity-associated fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemeh Taheri
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Samira Ezzati Mobaser
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular- Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Golpour
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mona Nourbakhsh
- Hazrat Aliasghar Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Tavakoli-Yaraki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Sahar Yarahmadi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, Tehran, 1449614535, Iran.
- Finetech in Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wang Z, Sun P, Zhao T, Cao J, Liu Y, Khan A, Zhou W, Cheng G. E Se tea extract ameliorates CCl 4 induced liver fibrosis via regulating Nrf2/NF-κB/TGF-β1/Smad pathway. Phytomedicine 2023; 115:154854. [PMID: 37156058 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is a crucial progress to deteriorate liver disease. E Se tea (ES) is an ethnic herbal tea in China that has various biological activities for human beings. However, the traditional application on the treatment of liver disease is not studied. PURPOSE This study is firstly performed to explore the chemical constituents of ES extract together with its anti-hepatic fibrosis effect and potential mechanism on CCl4 treated mice. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The chemical constituents of ethanol-aqueous extract from ES (ESE) were analyzed by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. The anti-hepatic fibrosis effect of ESE was determined by measuring ALT and AST activities, antioxidative indexes, inflammatory cytokines and collagen protein levels on CCl4 treated mice. Moreover, H&E, Masson staining and immunohistochemical analysis were performed for evaluating the protective effect of ESE on histopathological changes of liver tissues. RESULTS UHPLCHRESI-MS/MS analysis showed that the ESE was rich in flavonoids such as phlorizin, phloretin, quercetin and hyperoside. ESE could significantly reduce the plasma AST and ALT activities. The cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β) expressions were inhibited after ESE administration via suppressing NF-κB pathway. In addition, ESE could decrease MDA accumulation for alleviating CCl4 induced liver oxidative stress via regulating Nrf2 pathway to promote the expressions of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, HO-1, CAT and NQO1). Moreover, ESE could inhibit the expressions of TGF-β1, Smad2, α-SMA, and collagens Ⅰ and III proteins, thereby effectively alleviate the liver fibrosis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that ESE could alleviate liver fibrosis through enhancing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities by Nrf2/NF-κB pathway and reducing deposition of liver fibrosis via suppressing TGF-β/Smad pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxuan Wang
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Pengzhen Sun
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Tianrui Zhao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jianxin Cao
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Afsar Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Wenbing Zhou
- Yunnan Tobacco Company, Yuxi Branch, Yuxi, 653100, China.
| | - Guiguang Cheng
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Zhao S, Li J, Xing X, Chen J, Zhou Q, Sun J. Oxyberberine suppressed the carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting liver inflammation in a sirtuin 3-dependent manner in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109876. [PMID: 37599565 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that oxyberberine (OBB), a novel gut microbiota metabolite of berberine, exhibited prominent protective property against acute liver injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, however, the effect of OBB on liver fibrosis and its potential mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study was aimed to study the effects of OBB on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis and tried to clarify the potential mechanisms by focusing on regulating of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3)-mediated liver inflammation. OBB significantly alleviated the liver injury and fibrosis in CCl4-treated C57/BL6 mouse livers. OBB evidently down-regulated the expression of inflammatory factors and reduced the levels of inflammatory factors in CCl4-treated mouse livers. Noteworthy, CCl4-treated decreased the mRNA and protein expression of SIRT3, and treatment with OBB notably increased the expression of SIRT3 both in transcriptional and translational levels in CCl4-treated mice livers. OBB also suppressed the cell viability of TGF-β1-stimulated JS-1 cells and inhibited the protein expression of α-SMA but increased the expression of SIRT3 in stimulated JS-1 cells. Moreover, depletion of SIRT3 weakened the anti-inflammatory effects of OBB in stimulated JS-1 cells. Interestingly, the anti-liver injury and anti-fibrotic effects of OBB could be available in CCl4-treated WT (129S1/SvImJ) mice but were unavailable in CCl4-treated SIRT3 knockout (KO) mice. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effect of OBB was only found in CCl4-treated WT mice but was not in SIRT3 KO mice. Collectively, these findings suggested that OBB suppressed the liver injury and fibrosis through inhibition of liver inflammation in a SIRT3-dependent manner in CCl4-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226018, China
| | - Jidan Li
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226018, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xing
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226018, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226018, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of Operating Room, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226018, China.
| | - Jingjun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226018, China.
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Mazumder A, Sharma A, Azad MAK. A Comprehensive Review of the Pharmacological Importance of Dietary Flavonoids as Hepatoprotective Agents. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2023; 2023:4139117. [PMID: 37123086 PMCID: PMC10147524 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4139117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The liver is a crucial organ that is involved in various kinds of metabolic activity and a very stable accessory gland for the digestive system. Long-term or persistent inflammation and oxidative stress due to any reasons have a substantial impact on the beginning and continuation of chronic diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, and other hepatic conditions. There are many sources which can help the liver to be healthy and enhance its metabolic potential of the liver. Since the diet is rich origin of bioactive along with antioxidant chemicals including flavonoids and polyphenols, it can control different stages of inflammation and hepatic diseases. Numerous food sources, notably vegetables, nuts, fruits, cereals, beverages, and herbal medicinal plants, are rich in bioactive chemicals called flavonoids and their derivatives like Flavones, Anthocyanins, Iso-flavonoid, Flavanones, Flavanols, and Flavan-3-ols. Most recently occurred research on flavonoids has demonstrated that they can regulate hepatoprotective properties. This is because they are essential parts of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products due to their hepatoprotective, antioxidative, and immune-modulating characteristics. However, the characteristics of their hepatoprotective impact remain unclear. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to survey the flavonoid structure and enriched sources for their hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects concerning liver toxicity or injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Mazumder
- Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology (Pharmacy Institute) 19, Knowledge Park-II, Greater Noida 201306, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashwani Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, MVN University, Palwal 121105, Haryana, India
| | - Md. A. K. Azad
- Department of Pharmacy, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia 1216, Bangladesh
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Zhang Y, Hua L, Lin C, Yuan M, Xu W, Raj D. A, Venkidasamy B, Cespedes-Acuna CL, Nile SH, Yan G, Zheng H. Pien-Tze-Huang alleviates CCl4-induced liver fibrosis through the inhibition of HSC autophagy and the TGF-β1/Smad2 pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:937484. [PMID: 36188553 PMCID: PMC9523731 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.937484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance: Pien-Tze-Huang (PZH)—a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound—has been employed to treat various liver inflammation and tumors for over 10 decades. Interestingly, most of the pharmacological effects had been validated and explored toward liver ailment along with pro-inflammatory conditions and cancer at the cellular and molecular level to date. Aim of the study: The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of PZH on autophagy and TGF-β1 signaling pathways in rats with liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell line (HSC). Materials and methods: Male SD rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis were used as the animal model. Next, PZH treatment was given for 8 weeks. Afterward, the therapeutic effects of PZH were analyzed through a hepatic tissue structure by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), Van Gieson (VG) staining, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), activity of ALT and AST by enzyme-associated immunosorbent assay as well. Subsequently, mRNA and protein expression were examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Then, the cell vitality of PZH-treated HSC and the expression of key molecules prevailing to autophagy were studied in vitro. Meanwhile, SM16 (a novel small molecular inhibitor which inhibits TGFβ-induced Smad2 phosphorylation) was employed to confirm PZH’s effects on the proliferation and autophagy of HSC. Results: PZH pharmacologically exerted anti-hepatic fibrosis effects as demonstrated by protecting hepatocytes and improving hepatic function. The results revealed the reduced production of extracellular collagen by adjusting the balance of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, MMP9, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1) in PZH-treated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Interestingly, PZH inhibited the activation of HSC by down-regulating TGF-β1 and phosphorylating Smad2. Furthermore, PZH down-regulated yeast Atg6 (Beclin-1) and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) toward suppressing HSC autophagy, and PZH exhibited similar effects to that of SM16. Conclusion: To conclude, PZH alleviated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis to reduce the production of extracellular collagen and inhibiting the activation of HSC. In addition, their pharmacological mechanisms related to autophagy and TGF-β1/Smad2 signaling pathways were revealed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Zhang
- Pharmacy College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Liping Hua
- Pharmacy College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chunfeng Lin
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Mingzhou Yuan
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Pharmacy College, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Anand Raj D.
- Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Baskar Venkidasamy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Carlos L. Cespedes-Acuna
- Plant Biochemistry and Phytochemical Ecology Lab, Basic Sciences Department University of Bio Bio, Chillan, Chile
| | - Shivraj Hariram Nile
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Shivraj Hariram Nile, ; Guohong Yan, ; Haiyin Zheng,
| | - Guohong Yan
- Affiliated People’s Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Shivraj Hariram Nile, ; Guohong Yan, ; Haiyin Zheng,
| | - Haiyin Zheng
- College of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Shivraj Hariram Nile, ; Guohong Yan, ; Haiyin Zheng,
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Niu XN, Zhang YL, Cheng M, Yin NN, Wu YY, Shi W, Yang YL, Zhu L, Huang C, Li J. 7-O-(2- (Propylamino)-2-oxoethyl) hesperetin attenuates inflammation and protects against alcoholic liver injury by NLRP12. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Yapryntseva MA, Maximchik PV, Zhivotovsky B, Gogvadze V. Mitochondrial sirtuin 3 and various cell death modalities. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:947357. [PMID: 35938164 PMCID: PMC9354933 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.947357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 3, a member of the mammalian sirtuin family of proteins, is involved in the regulation of multiple processes in cells. It is a major mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase with a broad range of functions, such as regulation of oxidative stress, reprogramming of tumor cell energy pathways, and metabolic homeostasis. One of the intriguing functions of sirtuin 3 is the regulation of mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization, a key step in apoptosis initiation/progression. Moreover, sirtuin 3 is involved in the execution of various cell death modalities, which makes sirtuin 3 a possible regulator of crosstalk between them. This review is focused on the role of sirtuin 3 as a target for tumor cell elimination and how mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Polina V. Maximchik
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Zhivotovsky
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vladimir Gogvadze
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Vladimir Gogvadze,
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Lv XT, Wang RH, Liu XT, Ye YJ, Liu XY, Qiao JD, Wang GE. Theacrine ameliorates experimental liver fibrosis in rats by lowering cholesterol storage via activation of the Sirtuin 3-farnesoid X receptor signaling pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 364:110051. [PMID: 35872049 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Formulations against liver fibrosis (LF) mitigate the progression of hepatitis to cirrhosis. However, notable toxicity of the currently available anti-LF drugs limits their long-term use. In the study, we aimed to investigate the anti-LF effects of theacrine, a purine alkaloid without obvious toxicity, on high-fat diet-, alcohol-, and carbon tetrachloride-induced LF in rats. The results indicated that 10 and 20 mg/kg of theacrine ameliorated hepatic fibrosis, steatosis, and inflammation in LF rats. Mechanistically, theacrine reduced hepatic stellate cell (HSC)-related α-smooth muscle actin expression, and decreased cholesterol accumulation, followed by decreased expression of transforming growth factor-β1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. In addition, theacrine upregulated the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase, accompanied by decreased expression of β-catenin and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, and increased the expression of sirtuin 3 (SIRT3). Further investigation revealed that the theacrine-mediated decrease in cholesterol was independent of cholesterol synthesis or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) uptake in hyperlipidemia mice. However, theacrine activated farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a β-catenin conjugated protein, accompanied with decreased expression of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase and sterol 12α-hydroxylase. In conclusion, theacrine alleviated experimental LF in rats by lowering cholesterol storage and decreasing cholesterol-related HSC activation. A plausible mechanism of theacrine on cholesterol metabolism may involve activation of SIRT3-FXR signaling pathway followed by decreased intestinal cholesterol absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ting Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ruo-Hong Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu-Jing Ye
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xin-Yu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing-Da Qiao
- Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Guo-En Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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