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De Prisco M, Tapoi C, Oliva V, Possidente C, Strumila R, Takami Lageborn C, Bracco L, Girone N, Macellaro M, Vieta E, Fico G. Clinical features in co-occuring obsessive-compulsive disorder and bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2024; 80:14-24. [PMID: 38128332 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) frequently co-occurs with various psychiatric conditions and may impact as many as one-fifth of individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD). Despite the expanding body of literature on the coexistence of OCD and BD, there is a notable lack of comprehensive data pertaining to the distinct features of obsessive-compulsive symptoms that define this comorbidity. To bridge this knowledge gap, we conducted a systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, and PsycINFO until August 7th, 2023. We performed random-effects meta-analyses to compare individuals with both OCD and BD to those with OCD in terms of OCD symptomatology as well as the specific categories of obsessions and compulsions. Out of the 10,393 records initially screened, 17 studies were ultimately incorporated into the qualitative assessment, with 15 of them being included in the quantitative analysis. Individuals with OCD and BD experienced fewer lifetime contamination obsessions (OR=0.71; 95 %CI=0.53, 0.95; p = 0.021) and more sexual obsessions (OR=1.77; 95 %CI=1.03, 3.04; p = 0.04) compared to individuals with OCD without BD. No significant difference was observed for other types of obsessions or compulsions or for the severity of OCD symptoms, although BD type may play a role according to meta-regression analyses. The detection of the presence of sexual or contamination obsessions through a detailed interview may be the focus of clinical attention when assessing OCD in the context of comorbid BD. Sub-phenotyping complex clinical presentation of comorbid psychiatric disorders can aid in making more informed decisions when choosing an appropriate treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele De Prisco
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C. Casanova, 143, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristiana Tapoi
- Department of Psychiatry, Professor Dr. Dimitrie Gerota Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vincenzo Oliva
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C. Casanova, 143, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Possidente
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Robertas Strumila
- Department of Urgent and Post Urgent Psychiatry, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier 34000, France; Institute of Functional Genomics, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Psychiatric Clinic, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Lorenzo Bracco
- Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Italy
| | - Nicolaja Girone
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Macellaro
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences "Luigi Sacco", Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C. Casanova, 143, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Giovanna Fico
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences (ICN), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C. Casanova, 143, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospìtal Clinic de Barcelona, C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), C. Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain
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Boscutti A, Pigoni A, Delvecchio G, Lazzaretti M, Mandolini GM, Girardi P, Ferro A, Sala M, Abbiati V, Cappucciati M, Bellani M, Perlini C, Rossetti MG, Balestrieri M, Damante G, Bonivento C, Rossi R, Finos L, Serretti A, Brambilla P. The Influence of 5-HTTLPR, BDNF Rs6265 and COMT Rs4680 Polymorphisms on Impulsivity in Bipolar Disorder: The Role of Gender. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030482. [PMID: 35328036 PMCID: PMC8954186 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Impulsivity has been proposed as an endophenotype for bipolar disorder (BD); moreover, impulsivity levels have been shown to carry prognostic significance and to be quality-of-life predictors. To date, reports about the genetic determinants of impulsivity in mood disorders are limited, with no studies on BD individuals. Individuals with BD and healthy controls (HC) were recruited in the context of an observational, multisite study (GECOBIP). Subjects were genotyped for three candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (5-HTTLPR, COMT rs4680, BDNF rs6265); impulsivity was measured through the Italian version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). A mixed-effects regression model was built, with BIS scores as dependent variables, genotypes of the three polymorphisms as fixed effects, and centers of enrollment as random effect. Compared to HC, scores for all BIS factors were higher among subjects with euthymic BD (adjusted β for Total BIS score: 5.35, p < 0.001). No significant interaction effect was evident between disease status (HC vs. BD) and SNP status for any polymorphism. Considering the whole sample, BDNF Met/Met homozygosis was associated with lower BIS scores across all three factors (adjusted β for Total BIS score: −10.2, p < 0.001). A significant 5-HTTLPR x gender interaction was found for the SS genotype, associated with higher BIS scores in females only (adjusted β for Total BIS score: 12.0, p = 0.001). Finally, COMT polymorphism status was not significantly associated with BIS scores. In conclusion, BD diagnosis did not influence the effect on impulsivity scores for any of the three SNPs considered. Only one SNP—the BDNF rs6265 Met/Met homozygosis—was independently associated with lower impulsivity scores. The 5-HTTLPR SS genotype was associated with higher impulsivity scores in females only. Further studies adopting genome-wide screening in larger samples are needed to define the genetic basis of impulsivity in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Boscutti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Pigoni
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
- Social and Affective Neuroscience Group, MoMiLab, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, 55100 Lucca, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Delvecchio
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Matteo Lazzaretti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Gian Mario Mandolini
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Paolo Girardi
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.G.); (L.F.)
| | - Adele Ferro
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
| | - Michela Sala
- Mental Health Department, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Alessandria, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
| | - Vera Abbiati
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Marco Cappucciati
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Piacenza, 29121 Piacenza, Italy;
| | - Marcella Bellani
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- Section of Clinical Psychology, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
| | - Matteo Balestrieri
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Damante
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Carolina Bonivento
- IRCCS “E. Medea”, Polo Friuli-Venezia Giulia, San Vito al Tagliamento, 33078 Pordenone, Italy;
| | - Roberta Rossi
- Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio FBF, 25125 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Livio Finos
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy; (P.G.); (L.F.)
| | - Alessandro Serretti
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (G.D.); (M.L.); (G.M.M.); (A.F.); (M.G.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Aranda S, Jiménez E, Martorell L, Muntané G, Vieta E, Vilella E. A systematic review on genome-wide association studies exploring comorbidity in bipolar disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders Reports 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Jupp B, Sawiak SJ, van der Veen B, Lemstra S, Toschi C, Barlow RL, Pekcec A, Bretschneider T, Nicholson JR, Robbins TW, Dalley JW. Diminished Myoinositol in Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex Modulates the Endophenotype of Impulsivity. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:3392-3402. [PMID: 31897490 PMCID: PMC7197196 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Maladaptive impulsivity manifests in a variety of disorders, including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and substance use disorder. However, the etiological mechanisms of impulsivity remain poorly understood. In the present study, we used in-vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to investigate neurometabolite content in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum of rats exhibiting low- versus high-impulsive (LI, HI) behavior on a visual attentional task. We validated our 1H-MRS findings using regionally resolved ex-vivo mass spectroscopy, transcriptomics, and site-directed RNA interference in the ventromedial PFC. We report a significant reduction in myoinositol levels in the PFC but not the striatum of HI rats compared with LI rats. Reduced myoinositol content was localized to the infralimbic (IL) cortex, where significant reductions in transcript levels of key proteins involved in the synthesis and recycling of myoinositol (IMPase1) were also present. Knockdown of IMPase1in the IL cortex increased impulsivity in nonimpulsive rats when the demand on inhibitory response control was increased. We conclude that diminished myoinositol levels in ventromedial PFC causally mediate a specific form of impulsivity linked to vulnerability for stimulant addiction in rodents. Myoinositol and related signaling substrates may thus offer novel opportunities for treating neuropsychiatric disorders comorbid with impulsive symptomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Jupp
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Steve J Sawiak
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Suzanne Lemstra
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Chiara Toschi
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Rebecca L Barlow
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss 88397, Germany
| | - Anton Pekcec
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss 88397, Germany
| | - Tom Bretschneider
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss 88397, Germany
| | - Janet R Nicholson
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss 88397, Germany
| | - Trevor W Robbins
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Jeffrey W Dalley
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK,Department of Psychiatry, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK,Address correspondence to Professor Jeffrey W. Dalley, Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK.
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Kim W, Won SY, Yoon BJ. CRMP2 mediates GSK3β actions in the striatum on regulating neuronal structure and mania-like behavior. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:1079-1088. [PMID: 30699850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.10.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic and physiological studies have implicated the striatum in bipolar disorder (BD). Although Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) has been suggested to play a role in the pathophysiology of BD since it is inhibited by lithium, it remains unknown how GSK3β activity might be involved. Therefore we examined the functional roles of GSK3β and one of its substrates, CRMP2, within the striatum. METHODS Using CRISPR-Cas9 system, we specifically ablated GSK3β in the striatal neurons in vivo and in vitro. Sholl analysis was performed for the structural studies of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) and amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion was measured to investigate the effects of gene ablations on the mania-like symptom of BD. RESULTS GSK3β deficiency in cultured neurons and in neurons of adult mouse brain caused opposite patterns of neurite changes. Furthermore, specific knockout of GSK3β in the MSNs of the indirect pathway significantly suppressed amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion. We demonstrated that these phenotypes of GSK3β ablation were mediated by CRMP2, a major substrate of GSK3β. LIMITATIONS Amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion only partially recapitulate the symptoms of BD. It requires further study to examine whether abnormality in GSK3β or CRMP2 is also involved in depression phase of BD. Additionally, we could not confirm whether the behavioral changes observed in GSK3β-ablated mice were indeed caused by the cellular structural changes observed in the striatal neurons. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that GSK3β and its substrate CRMP2 critically regulate the neurite structure of MSNs and their functions specifically within the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia network play a critical role in manifesting mania-like behavior of BD. Moreover, our data also suggest lithium may exert its effect on BD through a GSK3β-independent mechanism, in addition to the GSK3β inhibition-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonju Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Yeon Won
- Division of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-June Yoon
- Division of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Plans L, Barrot C, Nieto E, Rios J, Schulze TG, Papiol S, Mitjans M, Vieta E, Benabarre A. Association between completed suicide and bipolar disorder: A systematic review of the literature. J Affect Disord 2019; 242:111-122. [PMID: 30173059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Completed suicide is a major cause of death in bipolar disorder (BD) patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to provide an overall review of the existing literature of completed suicide in BD patients, including clinical and genetic data DATA SOURCES: We performed a systematic review of English and non-English articles published on MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycInfo and Cochrane database (1970-2017). Additional studies were identified by contacting clinical experts, searching bibliographies, major textbooks and website of World Health Organization. Initially we did a broad search for the association of bipolar disorder and suicide and we were narrowing the search in terms included "bipolar disorder" and "completed suicide". STUDY SELECTION Inclusion criteria were articles about completed suicide in patients with BD. Articles exclusively focusing on suicide attempts and suicidal behaviour have been excluded. We used PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) consensus for drafting this systematic review. RESULTS The initial search generated 2806 articles and a total of 61 meeting our inclusion criteria. We reviewed epidemiological data, genetic factors, risk factors and treatment of completed suicide in BD. Suicide rates in BD vary between studies but our analyses show that they are approximately 20-30-fold greater than in general population. The highest risk of successful suicide was observed in BD-II subjects. The heritability of completed suicide is about 40% and some genes related to major neurotransmitter systems have been associated with suicide. Lithium is the only treatment that has shown anti-suicide potential. LIMITATIONS The most important limitation of the present review is the limited existing literature on completed suicide in BD. CONCLUSIONS BD patients are at high risk for suicide. It is possible to identify some factors related to completed suicide, such as early onset, family history of suicide among first-degree relatives, previous attempted suicides, comorbidities and treatment. However it is necessary to promote research on this serious health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Plans
- Mental Health Division of Althaia, Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C Barrot
- Forensic Genetic Laboratori, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - E Nieto
- Mental Health Division of Althaia, Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J Rios
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Laboratório de Bioestatística e Epidemiologia, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Bioestadística y Plataforma de Gestión de Datos, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T G Schulze
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - S Papiol
- Institute of Psychiatric Phenomics and Genomics (IPPG), University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Mitjans
- Clinical Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - E Vieta
- Bipolar Disorder Program, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - A Benabarre
- Bipolar Disorder Program, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Costemale-Lacoste JF, Colle R, Martin S, Asmar KE, Loeb E, Feve B, Verstuyft C, Trabado S, Ferreri F, Haffen E, Polosan M, Becquemont L, Corruble E. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β genetic polymorphisms and insomnia in depressed patients: A prospective study. J Affect Disord 2018; 240:230-236. [PMID: 30081294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 80-90% of patients with Major Depressive Episode (MDE) experience insomnia and up-to 50% severe insomnia. Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β (GSK3B) is involved both in mood regulation and circadian rhythm. Since GSK3B polymorphisms could affect protein levels or functionality, we investigated the association of GSK3B polymorphisms with insomnia in a sample of depressed patients treated with antidepressants. METHODS In this 6-month prospective real-world treatment study in psychiatric settings (METADAP), 492 Caucasian patients requiring a new antidepressant treatment were included and genotyped for five GSK3B Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs6808874, rs6782799, rs2319398, rs13321783, rs334558). Insomnia and MDE severity were rated using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Bi- and multivariate analyses were performed to assess the association between GSK3B SNPs and insomnia (main objective). We also assessed their association with MDE severity and HDRS response/remission after antidepressant treatment. RESULTS At baseline severe insomnia was associated with the GSK3B rs334558 minor allele (C+) [OR=1.81, CI95%(1.17-2.80), p=0.008]. GSK3B rs334558 C+ had greater insomnia improvement after 6 months of antidepressant treatment (p=0.007, β=0.17, t=2.736). No association was found between GSK3B SNPs and MDE baseline severity or 6-month response/remission. CONCLUSION GSK3B rs334558 was associated with insomnia but not with MDE severity in depressed patients. Targeting GSK3B in patients with MDE and a severe insomnia could be a way to improve their symptoms with greater efficiency. And it should be further studied whether the GSK3B-insomnia association may fit into the larger picture of mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Costemale-Lacoste
- CESP/UMR-S1178, Equipe "Dépression et Antidépresseurs", Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de Bicêtre, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Dispositif Territorial de Recherche et Formation (DTRF) Paris Sud
| | - Romain Colle
- CESP/UMR-S1178, Equipe "Dépression et Antidépresseurs", Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de Bicêtre, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Dispositif Territorial de Recherche et Formation (DTRF) Paris Sud
| | - Séverine Martin
- CESP/UMR-S1178, Equipe "Dépression et Antidépresseurs", Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de Bicêtre, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Khalil El Asmar
- CESP/UMR-S1178, Equipe "Dépression et Antidépresseurs", Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Emanuel Loeb
- CESP/UMR-S1178, Equipe "Dépression et Antidépresseurs", Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de Bicêtre, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Bruno Feve
- Sorbonne Universities, Pierre and Marie Curie University Paris 6, INSERM, Saint-Antoine Research Center, Saint-Antoine Hospital; Hospitalo-Universitary Institute, ICAN; Department of Endocrinology, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris France; INSERM, UMR S_938- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Céline Verstuyft
- CESP/UMR-S1178, Equipe "Dépression et Antidépresseurs", Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Service de Génétique Moléculaire, pharmacogénétique et hormonologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Séverine Trabado
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire, pharmacogénétique et hormonologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Florian Ferreri
- UPMC Paris 6; Department of Psychiatry, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Haffen
- Department of Clinical Psychiatry, University Hospital; EA 481, Laboratory of Neurosciences, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté; CIC-1431 Inserm, University Hospital, Besançon, France
| | - Mircea Polosan
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes; Inserm U1216, Grenoble Institut de Neurosciences, CHU de Grenoble, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Laurent Becquemont
- CESP/UMR-S1178, Equipe "Dépression et Antidépresseurs", Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Centre de Recherche Clinique Paris Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Emmanuelle Corruble
- CESP/UMR-S1178, Equipe "Dépression et Antidépresseurs", Univ Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, INSERM, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de Psychiatrie de Bicêtre, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Dispositif Territorial de Recherche et Formation (DTRF) Paris Sud.
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8
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Qin J, Wang LL, Liu ZY, Zou YL, Fei YJ, Liu ZX. Ezetimibe Protects Endothelial Cells against Oxidative Stress through Akt/GSK-3β Pathway. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:398-404. [PMID: 30074204 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1892-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Ezetimibe was reported to pharmacologically defend against oxidative stress. This study was designed to investigate whether ezetimibe can protect against the oxidative stress induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in vitro and the underlying mechanism. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were pretreated with ezetimibe and then exposed to oxLDL for 24 h. TUNEL assay and detectionfor the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-xl and Bcl-2 were employed to assess the oxLDL-induced endothelial apoptosis. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was evaluated by measuring dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence. The activities of endothelial antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase] were tested via an enzymatic assay. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was monitored by flow cytometry using JC-1 staining. Phosphorylation levels of glycogen synthase kinase-3p (p-GSK-3P) and Akt (p-Akt), as well as total GSK-3p and Akt were determined by Western blotting. The results showed that ezetimibe treatment inhibited HUVECs apoptosis, intracellular ROS production, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities elicited by oxLDL. HUVECs exposed to oxLDL alone had reduced mitochondrial function, while ezetimibe pre-intervention could significantly rescue the MMP. Furthermore, the protein levels of p-GSK-3p and p-Akt in ezetimibe-pretreated HUVECs were markedly increased as compared with those in oxLDL-induced HUVECs. However, no significant effect on total GSK- 3P and Akt was found in ezetimibe-pretreated HUVECs. Taken together, it was concluded that ezetimibe protects against oxLDL-induced oxidative stress through restoring the MMP, which may be mediated by Akt-dependent GSK-3P phosphorylation.
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9
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Garza JC, Qi X, Gjeluci K, Leussis MP, Basu H, Reis SA, Zhao WN, Piguel NH, Penzes P, Haggarty SJ, Martens GJ, Poelmans G, Petryshen TL. Disruption of the psychiatric risk gene Ankyrin 3 enhances microtubule dynamics through GSK3/CRMP2 signaling. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:135. [PMID: 30046097 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The ankyrin 3 gene (ANK3) is a well-established risk gene for psychiatric illness, but the mechanisms underlying its pathophysiology remain elusive. We examined the molecular effects of disrupting brain-specific Ank3 isoforms in mouse and neuronal model systems. RNA sequencing of hippocampus from Ank3+/- and Ank3+/+ mice identified altered expression of 282 genes that were enriched for microtubule-related functions. Results were supported by increased expression of microtubule end-binding protein 3 (EB3), an indicator of microtubule dynamics, in Ank3+/- mouse hippocampus. Live-cell imaging of EB3 movement in primary neurons from Ank3+/- mice revealed impaired elongation of microtubules. Using a CRISPR-dCas9-KRAB transcriptional repressor in mouse neuro-2a cells, we determined that repression of brain-specific Ank3 increased EB3 expression, decreased tubulin acetylation, and increased the soluble:polymerized tubulin ratio, indicating enhanced microtubule dynamics. These changes were rescued by inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) with lithium or CHIR99021, a highly selective GSK3 inhibitor. Brain-specific Ank3 repression in neuro-2a cells increased GSK3 activity (reduced inhibitory phosphorylation) and elevated collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) phosphorylation, a known GSK3 substrate and microtubule-binding protein. Pharmacological inhibition of CRMP2 activity attenuated the rescue of EB3 expression and tubulin polymerization in Ank3-repressed cells by lithium or CHIR99021, suggesting microtubule instability induced by Ank3 repression is dependent on CRMP2 activity. Taken together, our data indicate that ANK3 functions in neuronal microtubule dynamics through GSK3 and its downstream substrate CRMP2. These findings reveal cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying brain-specific ANK3 disruption that may be related to its role in psychiatric illness.
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10
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Munkholm K, Miskowiak KW, Jacoby AS, Vinberg M, Leme Talib L, Gattaz WF, Kessing LV. Glycogen synthase kinase-3β activity and cognitive functioning in patients with bipolar I disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 28:361-8. [PMID: 29433844 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive deficits are common in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in remission and may be associated with glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) activity, which is inhibited by lithium. GSK-3 may be a relevant treatment target for interventions tailored at cognitive disturbances in BD but the relation between GSK-3 activity, cognition and lithium treatment is unknown. We therefore investigated the possible association between GSK-3 activity and cognition and whether lithium treatment moderates this association in patients with BD. In a prospective 6-12 month follow-up study, GSK- 3β activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured concurrently with cognitive performance assessed using a comprehensive test battery in 27 patients with BD-I in early and late remission following a manic or mixed episode. The GSK-3β activity, measured as serine-9 phosphorylated GSK-3β (pGSK-3β) and the GSK-3β ratio (serine-9-pGSK-3β /total GSK-3β), was negatively associated with sustained attention (p = 0.009 and p = 0.042, respectively), but not with other cognitive domains or global cognition. A crossover interaction between lithium treatment and the GSK activity was observed, indicating that lower pGSK-3β levels (p = 0.015) and GSK ratio (p = 0.010) were associated with better global cognition in lithium users whereas the opposite association was observed in non-lithium treated patients. Findings were not statistically significant after Bonferroni correction. In conclusion, cognitive functioning may be associated with GSK-3 activity in patients with BD-I and lithium treatment may modulate this relationship. Future studies in larger sample sizes are warranted to confirm these associations.
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11
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Gray JC, MacKillop J, Weafer J, Hernandez KM, Gao J, Palmer AA, de Wit H. Genetic analysis of impulsive personality traits: Examination of a priori candidates and genome-wide variation. Psychiatry Res 2018; 259:398-404. [PMID: 29120849 PMCID: PMC5742029 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Impulsive personality traits are heritable risk factors and putative endophenotypes for addiction and other psychiatric disorders involving disinhibition. This study examined the genetic basis of impulsive personality traits, defined as scores on the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) and the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (UPPS-P). In 983 healthy young adults of European ancestry, the study examined genetic variation in relation to a combined phenotype of seven subscales based on high phenotypic intercorrelations. The study first tested 14 a priori loci that have previously been associated impulsive personality traits or closely related constructs. Second, the study included an exploratory genome-wide scan (i.e., GWAS), acknowledging that only relatively large effects would be detectable in a sample size of ~ 1000. A priori SNP analyses revealed a significant association between the combined impulsivity phenotype and two SNPs within the 5-HT2a receptor gene (HTR2A; rs6313 and rs6311). Follow-up analyses suggested that the effects were specific to the Motor and Non-planning subscales on the BIS-11, and also that the two loci were in linkage disequilibrium. The GWAS yielded no statistically significant findings. This study further implicates loci within HTR2A with certain forms of self-reported impulsivity and identifies candidates for future investigation from the genome-wide analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua C Gray
- Center for Deployment Psychology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S4L8; Homewood Research Institute, Homewood Health Centre, Guelph, ON, Canada N1E 6K9
| | - Jessica Weafer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kyle M Hernandez
- Center for Research Informatics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92103, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92103, USA
| | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92103, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92103, USA
| | - Harriet de Wit
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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12
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Pavlov D, Markova N, Bettendorff L, Chekhonin V, Pomytkin I, Lioudyno V, Svistunov A, Ponomarev E, Lesch KP, Strekalova T. Elucidating the functions of brain GSK3α: Possible synergy with GSK3β upregulation and reversal by antidepressant treatment in a mouse model of depressive-like behaviour. Behav Brain Res 2017; 335:122-7. [PMID: 28803855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) has been linked to the mechanisms of stress, mood regulation, and the effects of antidepressants. The functions of the GSK3β isoform have been extensively investigated, but little is known about the α-isoform, although they may functionally related. In a recently established modified swim test with a third delayed swim exposure, brain GSK3β mRNA expression positively correlated with floating behaviour on the third test. A two-week-long pretreatment regime with imipramine (7.5mg/kg/day) or thiamine (200mg/kg/day), which is known to have antidepressant properties, reduced the GSK3β over-expression and decreased floating behaviour on Day 5. GSK3α mRNA levels were measured in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex on Days 1, 2 and 5. GSK3α expression was decreased in the prefrontal cortex on Day 2 and increased on Day 5. In this model, GSK3α mRNA changes were prevented by imipramine or thiamine treatment. There was a significant correlation between the expression of the two isoforms in the prefrontal cortex on Day 2 in untreated group. These results provide the first evidence for the potential involvement of GSK3α in depressive-like behaviours and as a target of anti-depressant therapy. Furthermore, the correlations suggest some cross-talk may exist between the two GSK3 isoforms.
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13
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Sfera A, Osorio C, Inderias LA, Parker V, Price AI, Cummings M. The Obesity-Impulsivity Axis: Potential Metabolic Interventions in Chronic Psychiatric Patients. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:20. [PMID: 28243210 PMCID: PMC5303716 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological impulsivity is encountered in a broad range of psychiatric conditions and is thought to be a risk factor for aggression directed against oneself or others. Recently, a strong association was found between impulsivity and obesity which may explain the high prevalence of metabolic disorders in individuals with mental illness even in the absence of exposure to psychotropic drugs. As the overlapping neurobiology of impulsivity and obesity is being unraveled, the question asked louder and louder is whether they should be treated concomitantly. The treatment of obesity and metabolic dysregulations in chronic psychiatric patients is currently underutilized and often initiated late, making correction more difficult to achieve. Addressing obesity and metabolic dysfunction in a preventive manner may not only lower morbidity and mortality but also the excessive impulsivity, decreasing the risk for aggression. In this review, we take a look beyond psychopharmacological interventions and discuss dietary and physical therapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis Sfera
- Patton State Hospital, Psychiatry, Patton, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Amy I. Price
- Oxford University, Evidence Based Medicine, Oxford, UK
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14
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Benard V, Vaiva G, Masson M, Geoffroy P. Lithium and suicide prevention in bipolar disorder. Encephale 2016; 42:234-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence suggest that psychopathological symptoms of bipolar disorder arise in part from a malfunction of the circadian system, linking the disease with an abnormal internal timing. Alterations in circadian rhythms and sleep are core elements in the disorders, characterizing both mania and depression and having recently been shown during euthymia. Several human genetic studies have implicated specific genes that make up the genesis of circadian rhythms in the manifestation of mood disorders with polymorphisms in molecular clock genes not only showing an association with the disorder but having also been linked to its phenotypic particularities. Many medications used to treat the disorder, such as antidepressant and mood stabilizers, affect the circadian clock. Finally, circadian rhythms and sleep researches have been the starting point of the developing of chronobiological therapies. These interventions are safe, rapid and effective and they should be considered first-line strategies for bipolar depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Dallaspezia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Scientific Institute and University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy,
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Adida M, Jollant F, Clark L, Guillaume S, Goodwin GM, Azorin JM, Courtet P. Lithium might be associated with better decision-making performance in euthymic bipolar patients. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:788-97. [PMID: 25840740 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder is associated with impaired decision-making. Little is known about how treatment, especially lithium, influences decision-making abilities in bipolar patients when euthymic. We aimed at testing for an association between lithium medication and decision-making performance in remitted bipolar patients. Decision-making was measured using the Iowa Gambling Task in 3 groups of subjects: 34 and 56 euthymic outpatients with bipolar disorder, treated with lithium (monotherapy and lithium combined with anticonvulsant or antipsychotic) and without lithium (anticonvulsant, antipsychotic and combination treatment), respectively, and 152 matched healthy controls. Performance was compared between the 3 groups. In the 90 euthymic patients, the relationship between different sociodemographic and clinical variables and decision-making was assessed by stepwise multivariate regression analysis. Euthymic patients with lithium (p=0.007) and healthy controls (p=0.001) selected significantly more cards from the safe decks than euthymic patients without lithium, with no significant difference between euthymic patients with lithium and healthy controls (p=0.9). In the 90 euthymic patients, the stepwise linear multivariate regression revealed that decision-making was significantly predicted (p<0.001) by lithium dose, level of education and no family history of bipolar disorder (all p≤0.01). Because medication was not randomized, it was not possible to discriminate the effect of different medications. Lithium medication might be associated with better decision-making in remitted bipolar patients. A randomized trial is required to test for the hypothesis that lithium, but not other mood stabilizers, may specifically improve decision-making abilities in bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Adida
- Timone Neurosciences Institute (INT), UMR 7289 CNRS-AMU, Timone Health Campus, Marseille, France; Sainte Marguerite Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Mediterranean University, Marseille, France.
| | - Fabrice Jollant
- McGill University, Mental Health University Institute Douglas & McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Montréal Québec, Canada
| | - Luke Clark
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Guy M Goodwin
- University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Jean-Michel Azorin
- Timone Neurosciences Institute (INT), UMR 7289 CNRS-AMU, Timone Health Campus, Marseille, France; Sainte Marguerite Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Mediterranean University, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- CHRU Montpellier, Inserm U1061, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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17
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Giotakos O, Tsouvelas G, Nisianakis P, Giakalou V, Lavdas A, Tsiamitas C, Panagiotis K, Kontaxakis V. A negative association between lithium in drinking water and the incidences of homicides, in Greece. Biol Trace Elem Res 2015; 164:165-8. [PMID: 25556933 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-0210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the association between lithium levels in the public water supply and incidences of homicide in Greece. A total of 149 samples of drinking water were collected from 34 out of 52 prefectures, and data for homicides were taken from National Statistic Service of Greece (Hellenic Statistical Authority - EL.STAT). The average lithium level was 11.10 μg/l (SD = 21.16). The results indicate that there is a tendency for lower mean number of homicides in the prefectures with high levels of lithium in drinking water (R(2) = 0.054, β = -0.38, p = .004). Considering the results of our previous study, which showed an inverse association between the lithium levels in drinking water and the incidence of suicide, homicide, rape, and drug abuse, we suggest that natural lithium level intake may influence impulsiveness, a factor that mediate to the manifestation of both suicidality and aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orestis Giotakos
- Psychiatric Department, 414 Military Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece,
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18
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Beurel E, Jope RS. Inflammation and lithium: clues to mechanisms contributing to suicide-linked traits. Transl Psychiatry 2014; 4:e488. [PMID: 25514751 PMCID: PMC4270310 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2014.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, yet it remains difficult to understand the mechanistic provocations and to intervene therapeutically. Stress is recognized as a frequent precursor to suicide. Psychological stress is well established to cause activation of the inflammatory response, including causing neuroinflammation, an increase of inflammatory molecules in the central nervous system (CNS). Neuroinflammation is increasingly recognized as affecting many aspects of CNS functions and behaviors. In particular, much evidence demonstrates that inflammatory markers are elevated in traits that have been linked to suicidal behavior, including aggression, impulsivity and depression. Lithium is recognized as significantly reducing suicidal behavior, is anti-inflammatory and diminishes aggression, impulsivity and depression traits, each of which is associated with elevated inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effects of lithium result from its inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3). GSK3 has been demonstrated to strongly promote inflammation, aggressive behavior in rodents and depression-like behaviors in rodents, whereas regulation of impulsivity by GSK3 has not yet been investigated. Altogether, evidence is building supporting the hypothesis that stress activates GSK3, which in turn promotes inflammation, and that inflammation is linked to behaviors associated with suicide, including particularly aggression, impulsivity and depression. Further investigation of these links may provide a clearer understanding of the causes of suicidal behavior and provide leads for the development of effective preventative interventions, which may include inhibitors of GSK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Beurel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - R S Jope
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA,Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1011 NW 15th Street, Gautier Building Room 416, Miami, FL 33136, USA. E-mail:
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vieta
- Bipolar Disorder Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
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