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Beach MA, Nayanathara U, Gao Y, Zhang C, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Such GK. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Chem Rev 2024. [PMID: 38626459 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
The recent emergence of nanomedicine has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape and necessitated the creation of more sophisticated drug delivery systems. Polymeric nanoparticles sit at the forefront of numerous promising drug delivery designs, due to their unmatched control over physiochemical properties such as size, shape, architecture, charge, and surface functionality. Furthermore, polymeric nanoparticles have the ability to navigate various biological barriers to precisely target specific sites within the body, encapsulate a diverse range of therapeutic cargo and efficiently release this cargo in response to internal and external stimuli. However, despite these remarkable advantages, the presence of polymeric nanoparticles in wider clinical application is minimal. This review will provide a comprehensive understanding of polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles. The biological barriers affecting drug delivery will be outlined first, followed by a comprehensive description of the various nanoparticle designs and preparation methods, beginning with the polymers on which they are based. The review will meticulously explore the current performance of polymeric nanoparticles against a myriad of diseases including cancer, viral and bacterial infections, before finally evaluating the advantages and crucial challenges that will determine their wider clinical potential in the decades to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian A Beach
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Umeka Nayanathara
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yanting Gao
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Changhe Zhang
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yijun Xiong
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yufu Wang
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Georgina K Such
- School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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García-Briones GS, Laga R, Černochová Z, Arjona-Ruiz C, Janoušková O, Šlouf M, Pop-Georgievski O, Kubies D. Polyelectrolyte nanoparticles based on poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide-block-poly(N-(3-aminopropyl)methacrylamide] copolymers for delivery of heparin-binding proteins. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.111976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
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Kostka L, Kotrchová L, Randárová E, Ferreira CA, Malátová I, Lee HJ, Olson AP, Engle JW, Kovář M, Cai W, Šírová M, Etrych T. Evaluation of linear versus star-like polymer anti-cancer nanomedicines in mouse models. J Control Release 2023; 353:549-562. [PMID: 36470330 PMCID: PMC9892306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanomedicines are considered next generation therapeutics with advanced therapeutic properties and reduced side effects. Herein, we introduce tailored linear and star-like water-soluble nanosystems as stimuli-sensitive nanomedicines for the treatment of solid tumors or hematological malignancies. The polymer carrier and drug pharmacokinetics were independently evaluated to elucidate the relationship between the nanosystem structure and its distribution in the body. Positron emission tomography and optical imaging demonstrated enhanced tumor accumulation of the polymer carriers in 4T1-bearing mice with increased tumor-to-blood and tumor-to-muscle ratios. Additionally, there was a significant accumulation of doxorubicin bound to various polymer carriers in EL4 tumors, as well as excellent in vivo therapeutic activity in EL4 lymphoma and moderate efficacy in 4T1 breast carcinoma. The linear nanomedicine showed at least comparable pharmacologic properties to the star-like nanomedicines regarding doxorubicin transport. Therefore, if multiple parameters are considered such as its optimized structure and simple and reproducible synthesis, this polymer carrier system is the most promising for further preclinical and clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Kostka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Department of Biomedical Polymers, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6 16206, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kotrchová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Department of Biomedical Polymers, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6 16206, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Randárová
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Department of Biomedical Polymers, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6 16206, Czech Republic
| | - Carolina A Ferreira
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Iva Malátová
- Institute of Microbiology CAS, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Aeli P Olson
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jonathan W Engle
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Marek Kovář
- Institute of Microbiology CAS, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States; Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Milada Šírová
- Institute of Microbiology CAS, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 4 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry CAS, Department of Biomedical Polymers, Heyrovského nám. 2, Prague 6 16206, Czech Republic.
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van Nostrum CF, Lammers T, Hennink WE. Questionable micelle formation of the double hydrophilic block copolymer PEG-pHPMA. Int J Pharm 2022;:122147. [PMID: 36058772 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Babuka D, Kolouchova K, Loukotova L, Sedlacek O, Groborz O, Skarkova A, Zhigunov A, Pavlova E, Hoogenboom R, Hruby M, Stepanek P. Self-Assembly, Drug Encapsulation, and Cellular Uptake of Block and Gradient Copolymers of 2-Methyl-2-oxazine and 2- n-Propyl/butyl-2-oxazoline. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Babuka
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho sq. 2, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, Prague 2 121 16, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Kolouchova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho sq. 2, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, Prague 2 128 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Loukotova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho sq. 2, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Sedlacek
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, Prague 2 128 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ondrej Groborz
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho sq. 2, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo sq. 542, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, Salmovská 1, Prague 2 120 00, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Skarkova
- Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague 12843, Czech Republic
- Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University (BIOCEV), Prumyslova 595, Vestec u Prahy 25242, Czech Republic
| | - Alexander Zhigunov
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho sq. 2, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Ewa Pavlova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho sq. 2, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martin Hruby
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho sq. 2, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Stepanek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho sq. 2, Prague 6 162 06, Czech Republic
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Appiah E, Nakamura H, Pola R, Grossmanová E, Lidický O, Kuniyasu A, Etrych T, Haratake M. Acid-responsive HPMA copolymer-bradykinin conjugate enhances tumor-targeted delivery of nanomedicine. J Control Release 2021; 337:546-56. [PMID: 34375687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obstructed blood flow and erratic blood supply in the tumor region attenuate the distribution and accumulation of nanomedicines in the tumor. Therefore, improvement of these conditions is crucial for efficient drug delivery. In this study, we designed and synthesized a novel N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA)-based copolymer conjugate of BK, which possessed adequate systemic stability and tumor-selective action required to improve the accumulation of nanomedicines in the tumor. Levulinoyl-BK (Lev-BK) was conjugated to an HPMA-based polymer via an acid-cleavable hydrazone bond (P-BK). An acid-responsive release of Lev-BK from P-BK was observed, and P-BK alone after intradermal application showed below 10% of the BK activity, thus proving a reduction in the vascular permeability activity of BK when attached to the polymer carrier. P-BK pre-treatment improved blood flow in the tumor tissue by 1.4-1.7-fold, which was maintained for more than 4 h. In addition, P-BK pre-treatment increased the tumor accumulation of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) by approximately 3-fold. Furthermore, P-BK pre-treatment led to superior antitumor activity of PLD and significantly improved the survival of tumor-bearing mice. The release of BK from P-BK in the acidic milieu of the tumor was a prerequisite for P-BK to exert its effect, as the vascular permeability enhancing activity of P-BK was negligible. Collectively, P-BK pre-treatment improved intratumoral blood flow and augmented tumor accumulation of nanomedicine, thereby resulting in a significant suppression of tumor growth. Therefore, these findings demonstrate that P-BK is a potential concomitant drug for improving the tumor delivery of nanomedicines.
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Gao Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Zhang H, Li X. Precise engineering of nanoassembled Corilagin small molecule into supramolecular nanoparticles for the treatment and care against cervical carcinoma. Process Biochem 2021; 106:103-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
Tweetable abstract Micelles are nanocarriers for hydrophobic chemotherapeutic drugs. This editorial discusses the current status of preclinical micellar research and sheds light on the possibility of their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Biswas
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
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Alsuraifi A, Mathew E, Lamprou DA, Curtis A, Hoskins C. Thermally reactive N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) amphiphiles for drug solubilisation. Int J Pharm 2021; 601:120570. [PMID: 33812968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Thermally active polymers, can respond structurally to temperature changes, making them interesting as potential drug delivery vehicles. Polymers of N-(3-aminopropyl) methacrylamide hydrochloride (APMA) are cationic with primary amine groups in their structure, which have been explored in biomedical applications via post-polymerisation modifications. In this work, we synthesised amphiphilic APMA monomers using hydrophobic pendant groups via conjugation onto their primary amine group. The pendant groups chosen in this study were palmitoyl, dansyl and cholesteryl moieties. The amphiphilic monomers were subsequently copolymerized with N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) using varied monomer feed ratios resulting in a thermo-responsive system. The ability of the resultant aggregates in aqueous solution to encapsulate and liberate model drugs (e.g., propofol, griseofulvin and prednisolone) was then determined. Our data showed that the HPMA based formulations were capable of loading the model drug molecules inside their lipophilic core; HPMA-co-(APMA-Dansyl 2%) exhibited the largest drug encapsulation ability. Subsequently, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was incorporated into the intrinsic polymer structure. This resulted in a more rapid drug release profile, whereby 100% of griseofulvin and prednisolone were liberated after only 4 h, which was only 5% and 10% before the PEG inclusion, respectively. Similarly, propofol showed 70% liberation from the polymer aggregate after 24 h, compared with only 30% liberation pre-PEGylation. These studies give an insight into the potential of the HMPA based amphiphiles as thermally responsive cargo carrier/release systems which could be exploited in the delivery of poorly soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Alsuraifi
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK; College of Dentistry, University of Basrah, Basrah 61004, Iraq
| | - Essyrose Mathew
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | | | - Anthony Curtis
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Clare Hoskins
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK; Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK.
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Bobde Y, Patel T, Paul M, Biswas S, Ghosh B. PEGylated N-(2 hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide polymeric micelles as nanocarriers for the delivery of doxorubicin in breast cancer. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 204:111833. [PMID: 34010799 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, polymeric micelles constituted of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) and methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG)-based copolymer, mPEG-b-HPMA was studied for the delivery of an anticancer drug, doxorubicin (DOX) by physically loading the drug into its core. A series of mPEG-b-HPMA copolymers of different molecular weights (MWs, ∼4000-25,000 Da) by using various initiator: monomer feed ratios (1:25/75/125/175) were synthesized by radical polymerization technique. The DOX-loaded micelles were prepared at different drug to polymer ratios by thin film hydration method. Block copolymers were structurally characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), 1H-NMR spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and critical micelles concentration studies. The DLS and SEM studies indicated that the micelles were spherical with diameters ∼20-100 nm. The DOX-loaded mPEG-b-HPMA micelles, P6-M1, prepared by the polymer synthesized using initiator: monomer feed ratios of 1:175 and at polymer to drug ratios of 10:1 exhibited low particle sizes (∼46.8 nm), highest drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies (5.6 %, and 63.3 %, respectively) compared to the other tested formulations. Confocal microscopy study indicated that the P6-M1 was taken up by breast cancer cell lines, 4T1, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231in a time-dependent manner. P6-M1 displayed lower half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) compared to free drug in all tested treatment durations compared to free DOX. P6-M1 was safe in hemolysis studies with sustained DOX residence in circulation compared to free DOX. The results indicated that mPEG-b-HPMA could be utilized to load DOX effectively, and the optimized nano-micelles, P6-M1 could serve as a promising nanomedicine to treat breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamini Bobde
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Tarun Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Milan Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500078, India.
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Pooresmaeil M, Namazi H. Advances in development of the dendrimers having natural saccharides in their structure for efficient and controlled drug delivery applications. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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