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Liu C, Yuan ZY, Zhang XX, Chang JJ, Yang Y, Sun SJ, Du Y, Zhan HQ. Novel molecular classification and prognosis of papillary renal cell carcinoma based on a large-scale CRISPR-Cas9 screening and machine learning. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23184. [PMID: 38163209 PMCID: PMC10754875 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is a highly heterogeneous cancer, and PRCC patients with advanced/metastatic subgroup showed obviously shorter survival compared to other kinds of renal cell carcinomas. However, the molecular mechanism and prognostic predictors of PRCC remain unclear and are worth deep studying. The aim of this study is to identify novel molecular classification and construct a reliable prognostic model for PRCC. The expression data were retrieved from TCGA, GEO, GTEx and TARGET databases. CRISPR data was obtained from Depmap database. The key genes were selected by the intersection of CRISPR-Cas9 screening genes, differentially expressed genes, and genes with prognostic capacity in PRCC. The molecular classification was identified based on the key genes. Drug sensitivity, tumor microenvironment, somatic mutation, and survival were compared among the novel classification. A prognostic model utilizing multiple machine learning algorithms based on the key genes was developed and tested by independent external validation set. Our study identified three clusters (C1, C2 and C3) in PRCC based on 41 key genes. C2 had obviously higher expression of the key genes and lower survival than C1 and C3. Significant differences in drug sensitivity, tumor microenvironment, and mutation landscape have been observed among the three clusters. By utilizing 21 combinations of 9 machine learning algorithms, 9 out of 41 genes were chosen to construct a robust prognostic signature, which exhibited good prognostic ability. SERPINH1 was identified as a critical gene for its strong prognostic ability in PRCC by univariate and multiple Cox regression analyses. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot demonstrated that SERPINH1 mRNA and protein were highly expressed in PRCC cells compared with normal human renal cells. This study exhibited a new molecular classification and prognostic signature for PRCC, which may provide a potential biomarker and therapy target for PRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, PR China
| | - Zhan-Yuan Yuan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, PR China
| | - Xiao-Xun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Jia-Jun Chang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - Sheng-Jia Sun
- School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, PR China
| | - Yinan Du
- Department of Pathogenic microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
| | - He-Qin Zhan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, PR China
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, PR China
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Kaufman CD, Farré C, Biscari L, Pérez AR, Alloatti A. Trypanosoma cruzi, Chagas disease and cancer: putting together the pieces of a complex puzzle. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1260423. [PMID: 38188016 PMCID: PMC10768204 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1260423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Considering the extensive and widespread impact on individuals, cancer can presently be categorized as a pandemic. In many instances, the development of tumors has been linked to endemic microbe infections. Among parasitic infections, Trypanosoma cruzi stands out as one of the most extensively discussed protozoans in the literature that explores the association between diseases of parasite origin and cancer. However, the effective association remains an unsolved paradox. Both the parasite, along with protozoan-derived molecules, and the associated antiparasitic immune response can induce alterations in various host cell pathways, leading to modifications in cell cycle, metabolism, glycosylation, DNA mutations, or changes in neuronal signaling. Furthermore, the presence of the parasite can trigger cell death or a senescent phenotype and modulate the immune system, the metastatic cascade, and the formation of new blood vessels. The interaction among the parasite (and its molecules), the host, and cancer undoubtedly encompasses various mechanisms that operate differentially depending on the context. Remarkably, contrary to expectations, the evidence tilts the balance toward inhibiting tumor growth or resisting tumor development. This effect is primarily observed in malignant cells, rather than normal cells, indicating a selective or specific component. Nevertheless, nonspecific bystander mechanisms, such as T. cruzi's adjuvancy or the presence of proinflammatory cytokines, may also play a significant role in this phenomenon. This work aims to elucidate this complex scenario by synthesizing the main findings presented in the literature and by proposing new questions and answers, thereby adding pieces to this challenging puzzle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintia Daniela Kaufman
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Farré
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
- Centro de Investigación y Producción de Reactivos Biológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Lucía Biscari
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Ana Rosa Pérez
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Andrés Alloatti
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
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3
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Massa C, Seliger B. Combination of multiple omics techniques for a personalized therapy or treatment selection. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1258013. [PMID: 37828984 PMCID: PMC10565668 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1258013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite targeted therapies and immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of cancer patients, only a limited number of patients have long-term responses. Moreover, due to differences within cancer patients in the tumor mutational burden, composition of the tumor microenvironment as well as of the peripheral immune system and microbiome, and in the development of immune escape mechanisms, there is no "one fit all" therapy. Thus, the treatment of patients must be personalized based on the specific molecular, immunologic and/or metabolic landscape of their tumor. In order to identify for each patient the best possible therapy, different approaches should be employed and combined. These include (i) the use of predictive biomarkers identified on large cohorts of patients with the same tumor type and (ii) the evaluation of the individual tumor with "omics"-based analyses as well as its ex vivo characterization for susceptibility to different therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Massa
- Institute for Translational Immunology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute for Translational Immunology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Brandenburg an der Havel, Germany
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
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Wang Y, Li N, Zheng Y, Wang A, Yu C, Song Z, Wang S, Sun Y, Zheng L, Wang G, Liu L, Yi J, Huang Y, Zhang M, Bao Y, Sun L. KIAA1217 Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Interacting with and Activating STAT3. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010104. [PMID: 35008530 PMCID: PMC8745027 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The survival and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are poor, mainly due to metastasis. Therefore, insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying HCC invasion and metastasis are urgently needed to develop a more effective antimetastatic therapy. Here, we report that KIAA1217, a functionally unknown macromolecular protein, plays a crucial role in HCC metastasis. KIAA1217 expression was frequently upregulated in HCC cell lines and tissues, and high KIAA1217 expression was closely associated with shorter survival of patients with HCC. Overexpression and knockdown experiments revealed that KIAA1217 significantly promoted cell migration and invasion by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. Consistently, HCC cells overexpressing KIAA1217 exhibited markedly enhanced lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, KIAA1217 enhanced EMT and accordingly promoted HCC metastasis by interacting with and activating JAK1/2 and STAT3. Interestingly, KIAA1217-activated p-STAT3 was retained in the cytoplasm instead of translocating into the nucleus, where p-STAT3 subsequently activated the Notch and Wnt/β-catenin pathways to facilitate EMT induction and HCC metastasis. Collectively, KIAA1217 may function as an adaptor protein or scaffold protein in the cytoplasm and coordinate multiple pathways to promote EMT-induced HCC metastasis, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target for curbing HCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Y.W.); (N.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Z.S.); (S.W.); (L.Z.); (G.W.); (L.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Na Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Y.W.); (N.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yanping Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Y.W.); (N.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Anqing Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Y.W.); (N.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Chunlei Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Y.W.); (N.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Zhenbo Song
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Z.S.); (S.W.); (L.Z.); (G.W.); (L.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Shuyue Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Z.S.); (S.W.); (L.Z.); (G.W.); (L.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Ying Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Y.W.); (N.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Lihua Zheng
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Z.S.); (S.W.); (L.Z.); (G.W.); (L.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Guannan Wang
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Z.S.); (S.W.); (L.Z.); (G.W.); (L.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Lei Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Z.S.); (S.W.); (L.Z.); (G.W.); (L.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jingwen Yi
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality of Cell and Gene Therapy Medicinal Products, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Z.S.); (S.W.); (L.Z.); (G.W.); (L.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yanxin Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Y.W.); (N.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Muqing Zhang
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Yongli Bao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Y.W.); (N.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
| | - Luguo Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (Y.W.); (N.L.); (Y.Z.); (A.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.S.); (Y.H.); (Y.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0431-8916-5922
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Ma H, Nie C, Chen Y, Li J, Xie Y, Tang Z, Gao Y, Ai S, Mao Y, Sun Q, Lu R. Therapeutic Targeting PLK1 by ON-01910.Na Is Effective in Local Treatment of Retinoblastoma. Oncol Res 2021; 28:745-761. [PMID: 33573708 PMCID: PMC8420894 DOI: 10.3727/096504021x16130322409507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle deregulation is involved in the pathogenesis of many cancers and is often associated with protein kinase aberrations, including the polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). We used retinoblastoma, an intraocular malignancy that lacks targeted therapy, as a disease model and set out to reveal targetability of PLK1 with a small molecular inhibitor ON-01910.Na. First, transcriptomic analysis on patient retinoblastoma tissues suggested that cell cycle progression was deregulated and confirmed that PLK1 pathway was upregulated. Next, antitumor activity of ON-01910.Na was investigated in both cellular and animal levels. Cytotoxicity induced by ON-01910.Na was tumor specific and dose dependent in retinoblastoma cells, while nontumor cells were minimally affected. In three-dimensional culture, ON-01910.Na demonstrated efficient drug penetrability with multilayer cell death. Posttreatment transcriptomic findings revealed that cell cycle arrest and MAPK cascade activation were induced following PLK1 inhibition and eventually resulted in apoptotic cell death. In Balb/c nude mice, a safe threshold of 0.8 nmol intravitreal dosage of ON-01910.Na was established for intraocular safety, which was demonstrated by structural integrity and functional preservation. Furthermore, intraocular and subcutaneous xenograft were significantly reduced with ON-01910.Na treatments. For the first time, we demonstrated targetability of PLK1 in retinoblastoma by efficiently causing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Our study is supportive that local treatment of ON-01910.Na may be a novel, effective modality benefiting patients with PLK1-aberrant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Cong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jinmiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhixin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Siming Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuxiang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Rong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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C de S L Oliveira AL, Schomann T, de Geus-Oei LF, Kapiteijn E, Cruz LJ, de Araújo Junior RF. Nanocarriers as a Tool for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1321. [PMID: 34452282 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a promising tool for the treatment of cancer. In the past decades, major steps have been made to bring nanotechnology into the clinic in the form of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. The great hope of drug delivery systems is to reduce the side effects of chemotherapeutics while simultaneously increasing the efficiency of the therapy. An increased treatment efficiency would greatly benefit the quality of life as well as the life expectancy of cancer patients. However, besides its many advantages, nanomedicines have to face several challenges and hurdles before they can be used for the effective treatment of tumors. Here, we give an overview of the hallmarks of cancer, especially colorectal cancer, and discuss biological barriers as well as how drug delivery systems can be utilized for the effective treatment of tumors and metastases.
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Lange M, Begolli R, Giakountis A. Non-Coding Variants in Cancer: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Potential for Personalized Medicine. Noncoding RNA 2021; 7:47. [PMID: 34449663 PMCID: PMC8395730 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna7030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The cancer genome is characterized by extensive variability, in the form of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) or structural variations such as Copy Number Alterations (CNAs) across wider genomic areas. At the molecular level, most SNPs and/or CNAs reside in non-coding sequences, ultimately affecting the regulation of oncogenes and/or tumor-suppressors in a cancer-specific manner. Notably, inherited non-coding variants can predispose for cancer decades prior to disease onset. Furthermore, accumulation of additional non-coding driver mutations during progression of the disease, gives rise to genomic instability, acting as the driving force of neoplastic development and malignant evolution. Therefore, detection and characterization of such mutations can improve risk assessment for healthy carriers and expand the diagnostic and therapeutic toolbox for the patient. This review focuses on functional variants that reside in transcribed or not transcribed non-coding regions of the cancer genome and presents a collection of appropriate state-of-the-art methodologies to study them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Lange
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Rodiola Begolli
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.L.); (R.B.)
| | - Antonis Giakountis
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.L.); (R.B.)
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, B.S.R.C “Alexander Fleming”, 34 Fleming Str., 16672 Vari, Greece
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Swaroop B SS, Kanumuri R, Ezhil I, Naidu Sampangi JK, Kremerskothen J, Rayala SK, Venkatraman G. KIBRA connects Hippo signaling and cancer. Exp Cell Res 2021; 403:112613. [PMID: 33901448 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway is a tumor suppressor pathway that plays an important role in tissue homeostasis and organ size control. KIBRA is one of the many upstream regulators of the Hippo pathway. It functions as a tumor suppressor by positively regulating the core Hippo kinase cascade. However, there are accumulating shreds of evidence showing that KIBRA has an oncogenic function, which we speculate may arise from its functions away from the Hippo pathway. In this review, we have attempted to provide an overview of the Hippo signaling with a special emphasis on evidence showing the paradoxical role of KIBRA in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Swamy Swaroop B
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rahul Kanumuri
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Inemai Ezhil
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jagadeesh Kumar Naidu Sampangi
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Joachim Kremerskothen
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Suresh Kumar Rayala
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai, 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ganesh Venkatraman
- Department of Human Genetics, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences & Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Animireddy S, Kavadipula P, Kotapalli V, Gowrishankar S, Rao S, Bashyam MD. Aberrant cytoplasmic localization of ARID1B activates ERK signaling and promotes oncogenesis. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs251637. [PMID: 33443092 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.251637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ARID1B (BAF250b) subunit of the human SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex is a canonical nuclear tumor suppressor. We employed in silico prediction, intracellular fluorescence and cellular fractionation-based subcellular localization analyses to identify the ARID1B nuclear localization signal (NLS). A cytoplasm-restricted ARID1B-NLS mutant was significantly compromised in its canonical transcription activation and tumor suppressive functions, as expected. Surprisingly however, cytoplasmic localization appeared to induce a gain of oncogenic function for ARID1B, as evidenced from several cell line- and mouse xenograft-based assays. Mechanistically, cytoplasm-localized ARID1B could bind c-RAF (RAF1) and PPP1CA causing stimulation of RAF-ERK signaling and β-catenin (CTNNB1) transcription activity. ARID1B harboring NLS mutations derived from tumor samples also exhibited aberrant cytoplasmic localization and acquired a neo-morphic oncogenic function via activation of RAF-ERK signaling. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry on a tissue microarray revealed significant correlation of ARID1B cytoplasmic localization with increased levels of active forms of ERK1 and ERK2 (also known as MAPK3 and MAPK1) and of β-catenin, as well as with advanced tumor stage and lymph node positivity in human primary pancreatic tumor tissues. ARID1B therefore promotes oncogenesis through cytoplasm-based gain-of-function mechanisms in addition to dysregulation in the nucleus.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Animireddy
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad 500039, India
- Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Padmavathi Kavadipula
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad 500039, India
| | - Viswakalyan Kotapalli
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad 500039, India
| | | | - Satish Rao
- Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 500003, India
| | - Murali Dharan Bashyam
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad 500039, India
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Pandey Y, Ambwani S. Nano Metal based Herbal theranostics for Cancer management: coalescing nature's boon with nanotechnological advancement. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 23:30-46. [PMID: 33480341 DOI: 10.2174/1389201022666210122141724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is amongst the leading public health problems globally with continuously increasing prevalence rate that demands for extensive and expensive treatment. Despite availability of number of potential cancer therapies, inadequate success has been achieved due to complexity and heterogeneity of tumors. Moreover, late/ terminal stage cancer leads to multidrug resistance, excruciating side effects, recurrence, etc. This is because of low penetrability and deleterious effects of drug on non-target cells/ tissues. This requires for cost effective, efficacious, alternative/ adjunct, complementary medicines with targeted drug delivery approach. A potential strategy to resolve this difficulty is to use theranostics i.e., formulations having both a therapeutic element and an imaging agent. Phytotherapeutics have been extensively used since times immemorial, having wide acceptability, easy availability, minimal side effects and comparatively inexpensive. These herbal formulations are mostly orally administered and thus subjected to adverse pH, enzymatic degradation, poor gut absorption, low bioavailability and non-targeted delivery that ultimately lead to their poor effectiveness. Constraints associated with conventional phyto-pharmaceuticals can be improved by designing and using "Nano Delivery Systems" (NDS). The foremost aim of metal based NDS is to provide sustained drug release, site-specific action, improved patient's compliance and enhanced efficacy. Metal Nanocarriers carrying herbal drugs will avoid these obstructions, so the drug can circulate into the blood for a longer period of time and provide optimal amount of the drug to the site of action. Besides, Herbal drugs with NDS thus would be efficacious as alternative/ complementary cancer theranostics. Present review describes about novel theranostic systems employing metal nanocarriers with diagnostic and therapeutic properties as are an effective strategy for cancer treatment. These systems when conjugated with herbal drugs provide an efficient management strategy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Pandey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, C.B.S.H., G.B. Pant University of Agriculture &Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand. India
| | - Sonu Ambwani
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, C.B.S.H., G.B. Pant University of Agriculture &Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand. India
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Li XY, Huang GH, Liu QK, Yang XT, Wang K, Luo WZ, Liang TS, Yuan SP, Zhen YW, Yan DM. Porf-2 Inhibits Tumor Cell Migration Through the MMP-2/9 Signaling Pathway in Neuroblastoma and Glioma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:975. [PMID: 32676454 PMCID: PMC7333564 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor migration and invasion are key pathological processes that contribute to cell metastasis as well as treatment failure in patients with malignant tumors. However, the mechanisms governing tumor cell migration remain poorly understood. By analyzing the tumor-related database and tumor cell lines, we found that preoptic regulatory factor-2 (Porf-2) is downexpressed in both neuroblastoma and glioma. Using in vitro assays, our data demonstrated that the expression of Porf-2 inhibits tumor cell migration both in neuroblastoma and glioma cell lines. Domain-mutated Porf-2 plasmids were then constructed, and it was found that the GAP domain, which plays a role in the inactivation of Rac1, is the functional domain for inhibiting tumor cell migration. Furthermore, by screening potential downstream effectors, we found that Porf-2 can reduce MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression. Overexpression of MMP-2 blocked the inhibitory effect of Porf-2 in tumor cell migration both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, we show for the first time that Porf-2 is capable of suppressing tumor cell migration via its GAP domain and the downregulation of MMP-2/9, suggesting that targeting Porf-2 could be a promising therapeutic strategy for nervous system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yuan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guo-Hui Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ear Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Ear and Nose Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Kun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xi-Tao Yang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen-Zheng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tian-Song Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shan-Peng Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying-Wei Zhen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ming Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Kido T, Tabatabai ZL, Chen X, Lau YFC. Potential dual functional roles of the Y-linked RBMY in hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:2987-2999. [PMID: 32473614 PMCID: PMC7419034 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly heterogeneous liver cancer with significant male biases in incidence, disease progression, and outcomes. Previous studies have suggested that genes on the Y chromosome could be expressed and exert various male‐specific functions in the oncogenic processes. In particular, the RNA‐binding motif on the Y chromosome (RBMY) gene is frequently activated in HCC and postulated to promote hepatic oncogenesis in patients and animal models. In the present study, immunohistochemical analyses of HCC specimens and data mining of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database revealed that high‐level RBMY expression is associated with poor prognosis and survival of the patients, suggesting that RBMY could possess oncogenic properties in HCC. To examine the immediate effect(s) of the RBMY overexpression in liver cancer cells, cell proliferation was analyzed on HuH‐7 and HepG2 cells. The results unexpectedly showed that RBMY overexpression inhibited cell proliferation in both cell lines as its immediate effect, which led to vast cell death in HuH‐7 cells. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes involved in various cell proliferative pathways, such as the RAS/RAF/MAP and PIP3/AKT signaling pathways, were downregulated by RBMY overexpression in HuH‐7 cells. Furthermore, in vivo analyses in a mouse liver cancer model using hydrodynamic tail vein injection of constitutively active AKT and RAS oncogenes showed that RBMY abolished HCC development. These findings support the notion that Y‐linked RBMY could serve dual tumor‐suppressing and tumor‐promoting functions, depending on the spatiotemporal and magnitude of its expression during oncogenic processes, thereby contributing to sexual dimorphisms in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Kido
- Division of Cell and Developmental Genetics, Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Z Laura Tabatabai
- Department of Pathology, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yun-Fai Chris Lau
- Division of Cell and Developmental Genetics, Department of Medicine, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Liver Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Chen L, Liu S, Tao Y. Regulating tumor suppressor genes: post-translational modifications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:90. [PMID: 32532965 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0196-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor suppressor genes cooperate with each other in tumors. Three important tumor suppressor proteins, retinoblastoma (Rb), p53, phosphatase, and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) are functionally associated and they regulated by post-translational modification (PTMs) as well. PTMs include phosphorylation, SUMOylation, acetylation, and other novel modifications becoming growing appreciated. Because most of PTMs are reversible, normal cells use them as a switch to control the state of cells being the resting or proliferating, and PTMs also involve in cell survival and cell cycle, which may lead to abnormal proliferation and tumorigenesis. Although a lot of studies focus on the importance of each kind of PTM, further discoveries shows that tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) form a complex “network” by the interaction of modification. Recently, there are several promising strategies for TSGs for they change more frequently than carcinogenic genes in cancers. We here review the necessity, characteristics, and mechanisms of each kind of post-translational modification on Rb, p53, PTEN, and its influence on the precise and selective function. We also discuss the current antitumoral therapies of Rb, p53 and PTEN as predictive, prognostic, and therapeutic target in cancer.
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