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Donghia R, Pesole PL, Coletta S, Bonfiglio C, De Pergola G, De Nucci S, Rinaldi R, Giannelli G. Food Network Analysis in Non-Obese Patients with or without Steatosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:2713. [PMID: 37375618 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steatosis is the most common liver disease worldwide and the leading cause of liver-associated morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to explore the differences in blood parameters and dietary habits in non-obese patients with and without steatosis. METHODS The present study included 987 participants with BMI < 30, assessed in the fourth recall of the MICOL study. Patients were divided by steatosis grade, and a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with 28 food groups was administered. RESULTS The prevalence of non-obese participants with steatosis was 42.86%. Overall, the results indicated many statistically significant blood parameters and dietary habits. Analysis of dietary habits revealed that non-obese people with or without steatosis had similar dietary habits, although higher daily amounts of red meat, processed meat, ready meals, and alcohol were recorded in participants with liver disease (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Many differences were found in non-obese people with and without steatosis, but in light of a network analysis, the two groups demonstrated similar dietary habits, proving that pathophysiological, genetic, and hormonal patterns are probably the basis of their liver status, regardless of weight. Future genetic analyses will be performed to analyze the expression of genes involved in the development of steatosis in our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Donghia
- National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Pasqua Letizia Pesole
- National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Sergio Coletta
- National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Caterina Bonfiglio
- National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Pergola
- National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Sara De Nucci
- National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Roberta Rinaldi
- National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- National Institute of Gastroenterology-IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy
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Abstract
As the predominant type of chronic liver disease, the growing prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a concern worldwide. Although obesity plays the most pivotal role in NAFLD, approximately 10-20% of individuals with NAFLD who are not overweight or obese (BMI < 25 kg/m2, or BMI < 23 kg/m2 in Asians) have "lean NAFLD." Lean individuals with NAFLD have a lower prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, central obesity, and metabolic syndrome than nonlean individuals with NAFLD, but higher fibrosis scores and rates of cardiovascular morbidity and all-cause mortality in advanced stages. The pathophysiological mechanisms of lean NAFLD remain poorly understood. Studies have shown that lean NAFLD is more correlated with factors such as environmental, genetic susceptibility, and epigenetic regulation. This review will examine the way in which the research progress and characteristic of lean NAFLD, and explore the function of epigenetic modification to provide the basis for the clinical treatment and diagnosis of lean NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruohui Xu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiashu Pan
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Digestive Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wenjun Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yanqi Dang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases (ccCRDD), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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McNelis K, Yodoshi T, Divanovic S, Gandhi C, Kim JH, Anton CG, Trout AT, Mouzaki M. Hepatic Steatosis in Infancy: The Beginning of Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease? JPGN Rep 2021; 2:e113. [PMID: 37205943 PMCID: PMC10191463 DOI: 10.1097/pg9.0000000000000113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is clinically silent and the age of its onset is unknown. Fatty liver can occur as early as in utero in the context of an unfavorable maternal metabolic environment. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in a cohort of previously healthy infants less than 3 months of age. Methods Retrospective study of all abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans performed from 2009 to 2019 for the investigation of trauma. Two independent reviewers applied published criteria to determine the presence of hepatic steatosis. Descriptive statistics were used. The groups with and without steatosis were compared using Wilcoxon-Mann Whitney or Fisher exact test. Results Of 119 CT scans available in infants younger than 3 months of age, 65 were performed in previously healthy infants for the investigation of trauma. The included population was predominantly male, non-Hispanic, with a median age of 60 days (interquartile range, 34-73 d). Depending on the criteria used, 23% or 26% of infants had evidence of fatty liver. The prevalence of maternal obesity and/or diabetes was 11% (of the 65 pregnancies) but there was no significant difference in maternal risk factors between infants with and without evidence of steatosis. Conclusions Findings suggest CT evidence of hepatic steatosis in up to a quarter of otherwise healthy infants ≤3 months of age. This may represent early manifestation of pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The natural history and pathophysiology of this condition need to be studied to determine optimal detection, prevention and early intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kera McNelis
- From the Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Toshifumi Yodoshi
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Okinawa Chubu Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Chandrashekhar Gandhi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Jae H. Kim
- From the Division of Neonatology and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Christopher G. Anton
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Andrew T. Trout
- Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Marialena Mouzaki
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
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Orkin S, Yodoshi T, Sun Q, Fei L, Meryum S, Arce-Clachar AC, Bramlage K, Beck AF, Mouzaki M. Can Baseline Characteristics be Used to Predict Liver Disease Outcomes in Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease? Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:171-176. [PMID: 33185977 PMCID: PMC7902314 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Longitudinal studies on childhood predictors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression are lacking. The objective of this study was to determine whether baseline clinical or laboratory measures predict liver disease outcomes in a pediatric NAFLD cohort. METHODS A retrospective study of patients with presumed NAFLD was conducted using baseline and follow-up clinical and laboratory measures. Disease outcomes were defined using the mean serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels from 24 to 36 months after the first visit. Logistic regression assessed the relationship between ALT progression/regression and predictor variables. Multivariable regression determined the best model for predicting the ALT outcome. Markov process modeling explored the likelihood for a patient to transition between ALT states. RESULTS Of a total of 816 patients identified, 144 had sufficient data. Regression was seen in 26%, whereas 30% progressed. No baseline clinical or laboratory measurements had a significant effect on disease outcomes. Markov modeling demonstrated that subjects were more likely to either remain in their baseline ALT group or worsen rather than improve. CONCLUSIONS Routinely obtained baseline clinical or laboratory measures cannot help risk-stratify youth with presumed NAFLD in terms of long-term outcomes. Close clinical, radiographic, and histologic evaluation of patients is warranted to determine those at risk of progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Orkin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Toshifumi Yodoshi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Qin Sun
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Lin Fei
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Syeda Meryum
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Ana Catalina Arce-Clachar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
| | - Kristin Bramlage
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Andrew F. Beck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
- James M. Anderson Center for Health Systems Excellence, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
| | - Marialena Mouzaki
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
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Rimbert A, Vanhoye X, Coulibaly D, Marrec M, Pichelin M, Charrière S, Peretti N, Valéro R, Wargny M, Carrié A, Lindenbaum P, Deleuze JF, Genin E, Redon R, Rollat-Farnier PA, Goxe D, Degraef G, Marmontel O, Divry E, Bigot-Corbel E, Moulin P, Cariou B, Di Filippo M. Phenotypic Differences Between Polygenic and Monogenic Hypobetalipoproteinemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 41:e63-e71. [PMID: 33207932 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primary hypobetalipoproteinemia is characterized by LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) concentrations below the fifth percentile. Primary hypobetalipoproteinemia mostly results from heterozygous mutations in the APOB (apolipoprotein B) and PCSK9 genes, and a polygenic origin is hypothesized in the remaining cases. Hypobetalipoproteinemia patients present an increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis. Here, we compared hepatic alterations between monogenic, polygenic, and primary hypobetalipoproteinemia of unknown cause. Approach and Results: Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed in a cohort of 111 patients with hypobetalipoproteinemia to assess monogenic and polygenic origins using an LDL-C-dedicated polygenic risk score. Forty patients (36%) had monogenic hypobetalipoproteinemia, 38 (34%) had polygenic hypobetalipoproteinemia, and 33 subjects (30%) had hypobetalipoproteinemia from an unknown cause. Patients with monogenic hypobetalipoproteinemia had lower LDL-C and apolipoprotein B plasma levels compared with those with polygenic hypobetalipoproteinemia. Liver function was assessed by hepatic ultrasonography and liver enzymes levels. Fifty-nine percent of patients with primary hypobetalipoproteinemia presented with liver steatosis, whereas 21% had increased alanine aminotransferase suggestive of liver injury. Monogenic hypobetalipoproteinemia was also associated with an increased prevalence of liver steatosis (81% versus 29%, P<0.001) and liver injury (47% versus 0%) compared with polygenic hypobetalipoproteinemia. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of genetic diagnosis in the clinical care of primary hypobetalipoproteinemia patients. It shows for the first time that a polygenic origin of hypobetalipoproteinemia is associated with a lower risk of liver steatosis and liver injury versus monogenic hypobetalipoproteinemia. Thus, polygenic risk score is a useful tool to establish a more personalized follow-up of primary hypobetalipoproteinemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Rimbert
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, France (A.R., M.P., M.W., P.L., R.R., B.C.)
| | - Xavier Vanhoye
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, UF Dyslipidémies Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, Bron, France (X.V., D.C., O.M., E.D., M.D.F.)
| | - Dramane Coulibaly
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, UF Dyslipidémies Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, Bron, France (X.V., D.C., O.M., E.D., M.D.F.)
| | - Marie Marrec
- L'institut du thorax, CHU NANTES, CIC INSERM 1413, France (M.M., M.P., M.W., B.C.)
| | - Matthieu Pichelin
- L'institut du thorax, CHU NANTES, CIC INSERM 1413, France (M.M., M.P., M.W., B.C.)
| | - Sybil Charrière
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France (S.C., N.P., O.M., P.M., M.D.F.).,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Fédération d'endocrinologie, maladies métaboliques, diabète et nutrition, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Bron, France (S.C., P.M.)
| | - Noël Peretti
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France (S.C., N.P., O.M., P.M., M.D.F.).,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Gastroentérologie Hépatologie et Nutrition Pédiatrique, HFME, Bron, France (N.P.)
| | - René Valéro
- Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, University Hospital La Conception, Department of Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, Marseille, France (R.V.)
| | - Matthieu Wargny
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, France (A.R., M.P., M.W., P.L., R.R., B.C.).,L'institut du thorax, CHU NANTES, CIC INSERM 1413, France (M.M., M.P., M.W., B.C.)
| | - Alain Carrié
- Sorbonne Universite, Inserm UMR_S116, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition (ICAN), Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere 75651 Paris, France (A.C.).,UF de génétique de l'Obésité et des Dyslipidémies, Laboratoire de Biochimie Endocrinienne et Oncologique, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Hôpital de la Pitié-salpêtrière, Paris, France (A.C.)
| | - Pierre Lindenbaum
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, France (A.R., M.P., M.W., P.L., R.R., B.C.)
| | - Jean-François Deleuze
- Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Institut de Génomique, CEA, Evry, France (J.-F.D.)
| | - Emmanuelle Genin
- Inserm, Univ Brest, EFS, CHU Brest, UMR 1078, GGB, France (E.G.)
| | - Richard Redon
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, France (A.R., M.P., M.W., P.L., R.R., B.C.)
| | | | - Didier Goxe
- CPAM, Centre d'examens de santé de la CPAM de la Vendée, La Roche-sur-Yon, France (D.G.)
| | | | - Oriane Marmontel
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, UF Dyslipidémies Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, Bron, France (X.V., D.C., O.M., E.D., M.D.F.).,CarMen Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France (S.C., N.P., O.M., P.M., M.D.F.)
| | - Eléonore Divry
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, UF Dyslipidémies Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, Bron, France (X.V., D.C., O.M., E.D., M.D.F.)
| | - Edith Bigot-Corbel
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU de Nantes, Hôpital G et R Laënnec, Bd Jacques Monod, Saint-Herblain (E.B.-C.)
| | - Philippe Moulin
- CarMen Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France (S.C., N.P., O.M., P.M., M.D.F.).,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Fédération d'endocrinologie, maladies métaboliques, diabète et nutrition, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Bron, France (S.C., P.M.)
| | - Bertrand Cariou
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, France (A.R., M.P., M.W., P.L., R.R., B.C.).,L'institut du thorax, CHU NANTES, CIC INSERM 1413, France (M.M., M.P., M.W., B.C.)
| | - Mathilde Di Filippo
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, UF Dyslipidémies Service de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, Bron, France (X.V., D.C., O.M., E.D., M.D.F.).,CarMen Laboratory, INSERM, INRA, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France (S.C., N.P., O.M., P.M., M.D.F.)
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