1
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Chen X, Ren M, Li G, Zhang J, Xie F, Zheng L. Identification of nitrate accumulation mechanism of surface water in a mining-rural-urban agglomeration area based on multiple isotopic evidence. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:169123. [PMID: 38070569 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of nitrate (NO3-) in surface waters resulting from mining activities and rapid urbanization has raised widespread concerns. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a nitrate transformation information system to elucidate the nitrogen cycle and ensure sustainable water quality management. In this study, we focused on the main river and subsidence area of the Huaibei mining region to monitor the temporal and spatial variations in the NO3- content. Multiple isotopes (δD, δ18O-H2O, δ15N-NO3-, δ18O-NO3-, and δ15N-NH4+) along with water chemistry indicators were employed to identify the key mechanisms responsible for nitrate accumulation (e.g., nitrification and denitrification). The NO3- concentrations in surface water ranged from 0.28 to 7.50 mg/L, with NO3- being the predominant form of nitrogen pollution. Moreover, the average NO3- levels were higher during the dry season than during the wet season. Nitrification was identified as the primary process driving NO3- accumulation in rivers and subsidence areas, which was further supported by the linear relationship between δ15N-NO3- and δ15N-NH4+. The redox conditions and the relationship between δ15N-NO3- and δ18O-NO3-, and lower isotope enrichment factor of denitrification indicated that denitrification was weakened. Phytoplankton preferentially utilized available NH4+ sources while inhibiting NO3- assimilation because of their abundance. These findings provide direct evidence regarding the mechanism underlying nitrate accumulation in mining areas, while aiding in formulating improved measures for effectively managing water environments to prevent further deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Mengxi Ren
- School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Chaohu University, Chaohu 238000, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Guolian Li
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jiamei Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Fazhi Xie
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - Liugen Zheng
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
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2
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Matebese F, Mosai AK, Tutu H, Tshentu ZR. Mining wastewater treatment technologies and resource recovery techniques: A review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24730. [PMID: 38317979 PMCID: PMC10839889 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mining wastewater can have adverse effects on the ecosystem; thus, treatment before discharging into the environment is of utmost importance. This manuscript reports on the effect of mining wastewater on the environment. Moreover, the currently used, effective and commercialised mine wastewater treatment technologies such as SAVMIN®, SPARRO®, Biogenic sulphide, and DESALX® are reported in this study. These technologies integrate two or more separation processes, which have been proven to be effective for the high recovery of salts and water for reuse. Some of the technologies reported can significantly recover salts and >95% of water. Modern pilot-stage and laboratory-scale treatment systems used for the recovery and removal of metals are also reported herein. Since some treatment technologies can generate highly toxic sludge and other waste products, the management of the generated waste was also considered. Some studies have focused on the treatment of wastewater at the laboratory level using the adsorption process. Most adsorbents exhibit promising results; however, there is insufficient research on reusability, toxic sludge management, and the economic analysis of the systems. Moreover, the implementation of adsorption systems in wastewater is necessary. Furthermore, the integration of treatment systems to recover precious metals at low concentrations is desirable in addition to water reclamation to achieve circular mine water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funeka Matebese
- Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha), 6031, South Africa
| | - Alseno K. Mosai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, University of Pretoria, Lynwood Road, Pretoria, WSZ0002, South Africa
| | - Hlanganani Tutu
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, WITS, 2050, South Africa
| | - Zenixole R. Tshentu
- Department of Chemistry, Nelson Mandela University, P.O. Box 77000, Port Elizabeth (Gqeberha), 6031, South Africa
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3
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An L, Li Q, Wu P, Lu W, Li X, Zhang C, Zhang R. Potential impacts of coal mining activities on nitrate sources and transport in a karst river basin in southwest China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:15412-15423. [PMID: 38296925 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Typical sources of nitrate pollution in the fragile ecological environment of karst areas, such as agricultural production activities and domestic sewage, have long attracted serious concern. However, coal development can play an equally significant role in releasing the nitrogen fixed in coal into surface watersheds in the form of nitrate, nitrite, or ammonia, consequently threatening the water quality of surface water systems in mining areas. In this study, a typical karst surface watershed system affected by coal mining activities was selected for an in-depth investigation with the aim of realistically assessing the potential contribution of coal mining to nitrogen pollution. The results reveal increasingly concerning nitrate pollution from August 2020 to November 2021 in the Huatan River watershed under the influence of anthropogenic activities, especially mining development and agricultural production. Given that the nitrogen and oxygen isotope compositions of nitrate do not support the presence of denitrification, the variation in the NO3-/Cl- ratio and the relatively stable Cl- concentration may be a reflection of nitrification. Although the leaching of atmospheric precipitation on the strata in the basin promoted the release of nitrogen associated with coal mining, the higher rate of nitrogen cycling in the oligotrophic mine water environment limited the contribution of coal mining to nitrogen pollution in the surface watershed. Specifically, the contribution of coal mining activities to nitrogen pollution in surface karst river is mainly NH4+-N, which contributes 10% or less to the nitrate input to the waters of the Huatan River. The findings thus highlight the necessity of further uncovering the geochemical cycling process of nitrogen during the transport of mine water in the coal mining environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li An
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qingguang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Pan Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Weiqi Lu
- School of Public Management, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xuexian Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chipeng Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ruixue Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
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4
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Chen X, Tang Z, Li G, Zhang J, Xie F, Zheng L. Tracing sulfate sources and transformations of surface water using multiple isotopes in a mining-rural-urban agglomeration area. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2024; 269:115805. [PMID: 38070416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Rapid urbanization and mining activities are exacerbating sulfate (SO42-) pollution in surface water, and the information on its sources and transformations is crucial for understanding the sulphur cycle in mining areas. In this study, the SO42- in the surface water of Huaibei mining area were monitored and the main sources of pollution and biogeochemical processes were identified using stable isotopes (δD, δ18O-H2O, δ34S-SO42- and δ18O-SO42-) and water chemistry. The results demonstrated the SO42- content in the Huihe River and Linhuan subsidence water area (SWA) is higher than that in other rivers and SWAs, which exceeded the environmental quality standard of surface water. The SO42- content of different rivers and SWAs showed seasonal differences, and the dry season was higher than the wet season. In addition, the SO42- in Tuohe River and Suihe River is primarily caused by urban sewage and agriculture activities, while in Zhonghu and Shuoxihu SWA is mainly contributed by natural evaporate dissolution. Notably, the input of SO42- in the Huihe River and Linhuan SWA caused by mining activities cannot be disregarded. The aerobic environment and isotopic fractionation of surface water indicate that sulfide oxidation is not the major cause of SO42- formation. This work has revealed the multiple sources and transformation mechanisms of SO42-, and provided a reference for the development of comprehensive management and effective remediation strategies of SO42- contamination in surface water around mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China; Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zhi Tang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Guolian Li
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jiamei Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Fazhi Xie
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Liugen Zheng
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China.
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5
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Li Q, An L, Wu P, Wang S, Gu S, Yuan Y, Fu Y. The introduction of nitrogen from coal into the surface watershed nitrogen cycle due to coal mining activity. Sci Total Environ 2023; 900:165822. [PMID: 37524178 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Human activity has doubled the turnover rate of the terrestrial nitrogen cycle, leading to a series of environmental problems. A little-studied nitrogen source in terrestrial and aquatic environments is the nitrogen release associated with rock strata. Southwest China features the largest continuous karsts in the world, featuring a fragile ecological environment but abundant coal resources. The current study selected a typical coal mining area to evaluate the migration and transformation of nitrogen related to coal mining in surface watershed. The findings reveal that the total nitrogen in coal seams was as high as 10,162.3 mg/kg, mainly in the form of organic nitrogen, followed by NH4+-N, while the content of NO3--N was negligible. Based on the isotope fractionation and the co-evolution between Δ15NNO3-NH4 and δ15N-NO3-/δ15N-NH4+, coal mining changed the coal seams' oxidation-reduction state, resulting in the mineralization of organic nitrogen to NH4+-N. Next, NH4+-N gradually oxidized to NO3--N. Various forms of coal-origin nitrogen may be leached out by acid mine drainage (AMD), potentially contributing >10 % of NO3--N and 90 % of NH4+-N to the surface river. Another nitrogen source that requires serious consideration is the wide use of ammonium nitrate explosives in coal mining, as blasting residues may contribute about another 10 % to NO3--N in surface water. Since organic nitrogen accounts for >90 % of extractable nitrogen, the release of coal-origin nitrogen may contribute much more to the total nitrogen in surface water than to NO3--N. Based on the fractionation of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate, low-pH AMD promotes the volatilization of nitrate in the form of nitric acid. The conversion of different forms of nitrogen in AMD will be the focus of future attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingguang Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li An
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Pan Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Shilu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Shangyi Gu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yongqiang Yuan
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yong Fu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment (Guizhou University), Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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6
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Jiang C, Li M, Li C, Huang W, Zheng L. Combining hydrochemistry and 13C analysis to reveal the sources and contributions of dissolved inorganic carbon in the groundwater of coal mining areas, in East China. Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45:7065-7080. [PMID: 37572235 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
East China is a highly aggregated coal-grain composite area where coal mining and agricultural production activities are both flourishing. At present, the geochemical characteristics of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in groundwater in coal mining areas are still unclear. This study combined hydrochemical and carbon isotope methods to explore the sources and factors influencing DIC in the groundwater of different active areas in coal mining areas. Moreover, the 13C isotope method was used to calculate the contribution rates of various sources to DIC in groundwater. The results showed that the hydrochemical types of groundwater were HCO3-Ca·Na and HCO3-Na. The main water‒rock interactions were silicate and carbonate rock weathering. Agricultural areas were mainly affected by the participation of HNO3 produced by chemical fertilizer in the weathering of carbonate rocks. Soil CO2 and carbonate rock weathering were the major sources of DIC in the groundwater. Groundwater in residential areas was primarily affected by CO2 from the degradation of organic matter from anthropogenic inputs. Sulfate produced by gypsum dissolution, coal gangue accumulation leaching and mine drainage participated in carbonate weathering under acidic conditions, which was an important factor controlling the DIC and isotopic composition of groundwater in coal production areas. The contribution rates of groundwater carbonate weathering to groundwater DIC in agricultural areas and coal production areas ranged from 57.46 to 66.18% and from 54.29 to 62.16%, respectively. In residential areas, the contribution rates of soil CO2 to groundwater DIC ranged from 51.48 to 61.84%. The results will help clarify the sources and circulation of DIC in groundwater under the influence of anthropogenic activities and provide a theoretical reference for water resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlu Jiang
- School of Resources and Geoscience, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Ming Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Chang Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Wendi Huang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Liugen Zheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
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7
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Wu Y, Ju H, Jiang H, Zhang G, Qi P, Li Z. Identifying nitrate sources and transformations in an agricultural watershed in Northeast China: Insights from multiple isotopes. J Environ Manage 2023; 340:118023. [PMID: 37120999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Accurate identification of riverine nitrate sources is required for preventing and controlling nitrogen contamination in agricultural watersheds. The water chemistry and multiple stable isotopes (δ15N-NO3, δ18O-NO3, δ2H-H2O, and δ18O-H2O) of the river water and groundwater in an agricultural watershed in China's northeast black soil region were analyzed to better understand the sources and transformations of riverine nitrogen. Results showed that nitrate is an important pollutant that affects water quality in this watershed. Affected by factors such as seasonal rainfall changes and spatial differences in land use, the nitrate concentrations in the river water showed obvious temporal and spatial variations. The riverine nitrate concentration was higher in the wet season than in the dry season, and higher downstream than upstream. The water chemistry and dual nitrate isotopes revealed that riverine nitrate came primarily from manure and sewage (M&S). Results from the SIAR model showed that it accounted for more than 40% of riverine nitrate in the dry season. The proportional contribution of M&S decreased during the wet season due to the increased contribution of chemical fertilizers and soil nitrogen induced by large amounts of rainfall. The δ2H-H2O and δ18O-H2O signatures implied that interactions occurred between the river water and groundwater. Considering the large accumulation of nitrates in the groundwater, restoring groundwater nitrate levels is essential for controlling riverine nitrate pollution. As a systematic study on the sources, migration, and transformations of nitrate/nitrogen in agricultural watersheds in black soil regions, this research can provide a scientific support for nitrate pollution management in the Xinlicheng Reservoir watershed and provide a reference for other watersheds in black soil regions in the world with similar conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130102, China
| | - Hanyu Ju
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130102, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Guangxin Zhang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130102, China.
| | - Peng Qi
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130102, China.
| | - Zan Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130102, China
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8
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Fang W, Fan T, Xu L, Wang S, Wang X, Lu A, Chen Y. Seasonal succession of microbial community co-occurrence patterns and community assembly mechanism in coal mining subsidence lakes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1098236. [PMID: 36819062 PMCID: PMC9936157 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1098236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coal mining subsidence lakes are classic hydrologic characteristics created by underground coal mining and represent severe anthropogenic disturbances and environmental challenges. However, the assembly mechanisms and diversity of microbial communities shaped by such environments are poorly understood yet. In this study, we explored aquatic bacterial community diversity and ecological assembly processes in subsidence lakes during winter and summer using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We observed that clear bacterial community structure was driven by seasonality more than by habitat, and the α-diversity and functional diversity of the bacterial community in summer were significantly higher than in winter (p < 0.001). Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that temperature and chlorophyll-a were the most crucial contributing factors influencing the community season variations in subsidence lakes. Specifically, temperature and chlorophyll-a explained 18.26 and 14.69% of the community season variation, respectively. The bacterial community variation was driven by deterministic processes in winter but dominated by stochastic processes in summer. Compared to winter, the network of bacterial communities in summer exhibited a higher average degree, modularity, and keystone taxa (hubs and connectors in a network), thereby forming a highly complex and stable community structure. These results illustrate the clear season heterogeneity of bacterial communities in subsidence lakes and provide new insights into revealing the effects of seasonal succession on microbial assembly processes in coal mining subsidence lake ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangkai Fang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Ecological Protection in Mining Area With High Groundwater Level, Huainan, China
| | - Tingyu Fan
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Ecological Protection in Mining Area With High Groundwater Level, Huainan, China
| | - Liangji Xu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Ecological Protection in Mining Area With High Groundwater Level, Huainan, China
| | - Shun Wang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Ecological Protection in Mining Area With High Groundwater Level, Huainan, China
| | - Xingming Wang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Ecological Protection in Mining Area With High Groundwater Level, Huainan, China
| | - Akang Lu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Ecological Protection in Mining Area With High Groundwater Level, Huainan, China
| | - Yongchun Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Coal Mine Ecological Environment Protection, Huainan, China
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Hendry MJ, Barbour SL, Schmeling EE, Wassenaar LI, Shaw S, Schabert MS. Quantifying denitrification in a field-scale bioremediation experiment. Sci Total Environ 2023; 854:158762. [PMID: 36126715 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) in mine waste rock derived from undetonated NH4NO3 can contaminate receiving waters. An in-situ bioremediation experiment was conducted at a coal mining operation in Elk Valley, British Columbia, Canada to remediate NO3- from large volumes of mine water. Over the test period (201 d), 5000 to 7500 m3 d-1 of NO3--rich (mean concentration 22 mg N L-1) mine water was injected into saturated waste rock along with methanol, nutrients, and a conservative tracer (Br-). Complete denitrification (<0.5 mg N L-1) was recorded in monitoring wells located 38 m from the injection wells after 114 to 141 d of operation. Plots of δ15N- and δ18O-NO3- versus NO3--N concentrations for monitoring wells yielded isotopic enrichment factors (ε) for δ15N- and δ18O-NO3- of -25.7 and -13.2 ‰ for high C/C0 NO3- concentrations (>10.5 mg N L-1) and -5.5 and -3.6 ‰ for lower C/C0 values. The fraction of NO3- denitrified (Dp) calculated using bi-linear ε values for δ15N- and δ18O reproduced the Dp determined independently using a conservative tracer indicating that stable isotope tracers of the NO3- reducing processes in bioremediation are invaluable to determine Dp. Based on the success of this ongoing bioremediation experiment, the technology is being applied at other sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jim Hendry
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada.
| | - S Lee Barbour
- Department of Civil and Geological Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Erin E Schmeling
- Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, 114 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Leonard I Wassenaar
- WasserCluster Lunz Biologische Station GmbH, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Promenade 5, A-3293 Lunz am See, Austria
| | - Shannon Shaw
- SRK Consulting, 1066 W. Hastings St., Vancouver, BC V6E 3X2, Canada
| | - Marcie S Schabert
- SRK Consulting, SRK Consulting Suite 600, 350 3rd Ave North, Saskatoon, SK S7K 6G7, Canada
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10
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Chen X, Zheng L, Zhu M, Jiang C, Dong X, Chen Y. Quantitative identification of nitrate and sulfate sources of a multiple land-use area impacted by mine drainage. J Environ Manage 2023; 325:116551. [PMID: 36283198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in urbanization and intensive coal mining activities have accelerated the deterioration of surface water quality. Environmental problems caused by the accumulation of nitrate and sulfate from natural, urban, and agricultural sources have attracted extensive attention. Information on nitrate and sulfate sources and their transformations is crucial for understanding the nitrogen and sulfur cycles in surface water. In this study, we monitored nitrate and sulfate in three representative rivers in mining cities in northern China. The main pollution sources and biogeochemical processes were identified by using stable isotopes (δD, δ18OH2O, δ15N, δ18ONO3, δ34S and δ18OSO4) and hydrochemistry. The contribution of natural and anthropogenic sources was quantitatively estimated based on a Bayesian mixed model. The results indicated a large variation in sulfate and nitrate sources between the different rivers. Nitrate in the Tuohe River mainly derived from manure/sewage (57.9%) and soil N (26.9%), while sulfate mainly derived from manure/sewage (41.7%) and evaporite dissolution (26.8%). For the Suihe River, nitrate was primarily sourced from chemical fertilizer (37.9%) and soil nitrogen (34.8%), while sulfate was mainly sourced from manure/sewage (33.1%) and chemical fertilizer (21.4%). For the Huihe River, nitrate mainly derived from mine drainage (56.6%) and manure/sewage (30.6%), while sulfate predominantly originated from mine drainage (58.3%) and evaporite dissolution (12.9%). Microbial nitrification was the major pathway for the migration and transformation of nitrate in the surface water. However, denitrification and bacterial sulfate reduction (BSR) did not play a significant role as aerobic conditions prevailed. In this study, we elucidated the sources and transformation mechanisms of nitrate and sulfate. Additionally, we provided a reference for formulating a comprehensive strategy for effective management and remediation of surface water contaminated with nitrate and sulfate in mining cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China; School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Liugen Zheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Chunlu Jiang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xianglin Dong
- Geological Survey Division, Huaibei Coal Mining Group Corporation, Huaibei, 235001, Anhui, China
| | - Yongchun Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Coal Mine Ecological Environment Protection, Huainan, 232001, Anhui, China
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Fan T, Amzil H, Fang W, Xu L, Lu A, Wang S, Wang X, Chen Y, Pan J, Wei X. Phytoplankton-Zooplankton Community Structure in Coal Mining Subsidence Lake. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:484. [PMID: 36612805 PMCID: PMC9819133 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Land subsidence from coal mining has shaped new artificial aquatic ecosystems, these subsidence lakes are known for their restricted ecological system, water pollution, and extreme habitat conditions. However, knowledge concerning the community structure of plankton in these types of water bodies is still limited. Therefore, both phytoplankton and zooplankton communities' abundance, distribution, and diversity, as well as relations of these communities to physicochemical water quality variables were analyzed, alongside the interaction between phytoplankton and zooplankton groups. The results indicate zooplankton abundance was 842.375 to 186,355.0 ind./L. Biomass ranged from 0.3408 to 10.0842 mg/L. Phytoplankton abundance varied between 0.541 × 106 cell/L and 52.340 × 106 cell/L while phytoplankton wet biomass ranged from 0.5123 to 5.6532 mg/L. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that both the zooplankton and phytoplankton total densities were significantly correlated with nutrients (TN, TP, PO43-) and CODcr; zooplankton abundance was significantly correlated with phytoplankton abundance. According to the biodiversity index of Shannon-Wiener, both phytoplankton and zooplankton revealed less biodiversity in the subsidence water region than in the Huihe river system and Xiangshun canal, with values ranging from 0.20 to 2.60 for phytoplankton and 1.18 to 2.45 for zooplankton; however, the phytoplankton community showed lower biodiversity index values compared to the zooplankton community. Overall, the knowledge gleaned from the study of plankton community structure and diversity represents a valuable approach for the evaluation of the ecological conditions within the subsidence lakes, which has significant repercussions for the management and protection of aquatic environments in mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Fan
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Hayat Amzil
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Wangkai Fang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Liangji Xu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Akang Lu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Shun Wang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Xingming Wang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Yingxiang Chen
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Jinhong Pan
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources & Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China
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Zheng L, Jiang C, Chen X, Li Y, Li C, Zheng L. Combining hydrochemistry and hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes to reveal the influence of human activities on surface water quality in Chaohu Lake Basin. J Environ Manage 2022; 312:114933. [PMID: 35366511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The input of pollutants caused by human activities induces the deterioration of surface water quality. To reveal the characteristics of surface water quality in Chaohu Lake Basin and the influence of human activities, the hydrochemistry and stable isotope composition of hydrogen and oxygen in lake water and inflow river water were analyzed. The results show that the hydrochemical type of lake water is the Na-Cl type,while river water is the Na-Cl, Ca-Cl and mixed types. The ion proportional coefficient method and principal component analysis show that surface water is controlled by weathering of evaporated salt rocks and silicate rocks, in which Cl- and SO42- are affected by fertilizers and sewage to some extent. There is a strong correlation between conventional ions and nutrient indexes, which indicates that dissolved ions are affected not only by rock weathering but also by human activities (such as the discharge of domestic sewage or nitrogen-containing wastewater and the use of fertilizers). The stable isotope values of hydrogen and oxygen in surface water are distributed at the lower right portion of the local precipitation line and are close to it, indicating that surface water mainly originates from precipitation. The high value of d-excess values in surface water indicates that evaporation is weak. As pollution indicators, EC, Cl- and NO3- indicates that the Nanfei River, Dianbu River, Shiwuli River and Pai River flow in northwestern of Chaohu Lake Basin through Hefei urban city are severely polluted, NO3- originates from manure and sewage. Rivers flowing through farmland areas are less polluted, and the use of agricultural fertilizer contributes greatly to NO3-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Zheng
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Chunlu Jiang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Xing Chen
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yanhao Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Chang Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Liugen Zheng
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
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Wu C, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Chen Y, Duan C, Qi J, Cheng Z, Pan Z. Comprehensive Evaluation of the Eco-Geological Environment in the Concentrated Mining Area of Mineral Resources. Sustainability 2022; 14:6808. [DOI: 10.3390/su14116808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The urbanization rate in China has been increasing in recent years, and along with the increasing intensity of human engineering activities, ecological and geological (eco-geological) degradation have become key factors impeding sustainable urban development. Taking the concentrated mineral exploitation area of Tonghua City as an example, the distribution of mines in the area is concentrated and the spatial heterogeneity is significant. This paper includes 14 evaluation indicators in three aspects: eco-geological environment background, anthropogenic and mining engineering activities, and environmental pollution. Then, based on game theory combined with ANP-CV (Analytic Network Process and Coefficient of Variation), two empowerment methods, GIS spatial calculation is used to evaluate the eco-geological environment quality (EEQ). The results showed that the EEQ was divided into grades I–V from high to low, with areas of 21.13%, 30.35%, 27.00%, 14.30%, and 7.22%, respectively; the EEQ of the Hun River basin has a high spatial autocorrelation and low EEQ, and the EEQ grade of mines was divided on this basis; the hot spot analysis is useful for determining the EEQ, as well as for allocating mine restoration resources in a sensible manner. Finally, we propose countermeasures to improve EEQ, and this study can provide a scientific basis for ecological construction and geological environmental protection in Tonghua City.
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