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Salam M, Honein-AbouHaidar G. Determinants of influenza and COVID-19 vaccine intent or uptake in Lebanon: a scoping review of the literature. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:511. [PMID: 37544988 PMCID: PMC10404373 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is essential to protect from influenza and recently from COVID-19, yet uptake in Lebanon is suboptimal. Several factors determine uptake including knowledge, attitude and policies. We conducted a scoping review of the literature to explore the determinants of influenza and COVID-19 vaccine intent or uptake in Lebanon. METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, thirty one peer reviewed studies indexed in six databases Pub Med, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Medline, and the Cochrane Library were screened. Two students, a senior Librarian and an Associate Professor in nursing searched for eligible studies. The library search strategy followed a combination of three broad concepts (viral influenzas; vaccines; Lebanon). The search timeframe was up till December 31, 2022. Determinants of influenza and COVID-19 vaccine intent or uptake were categorized following the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior. RESULTS Nine studies investigated influenza vaccine intent or uptake among the public community, parents and healthcare workers. Twenty one studies investigated COVID-19 vaccine intent or uptake among the public community, older refugees, university students, patients with cancer, dentists, and social media users. One study investigated both types of vaccines. A conceptual model of the determinants of vaccine intent and uptake within the Lebanese context was developed. Various determinants included environmental factors, norms, knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, past experiences, behavioral control and hesitancy. CONCLUSIONS Research on vaccine intent and uptake in Lebanon is still in its infancy, while that of COVID-19 is on the rise. Multifaceted reasons behind the low vaccination rates were observed yet few attempts were made to target vulnerable groups. Further research studies are needed to target vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Salam
- Rafic Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Gladys Honein-AbouHaidar
- Rafic Hariri School of Nursing, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Beirut, 1107 2020, Lebanon.
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Fadl N, Elbarazi I, Saleeb MRA, Youssef N, Shaaban R, Ghazy RM. Parental intention to vaccinate children against seasonal influenza in the Eastern Mediterranean region: A cross-sectional study using the health belief model. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2023; 19:2238513. [PMID: 37527814 PMCID: PMC10395193 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2023.2238513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonal influenza vaccine is the most effective strategy for reducing influenza incidence and severity. Parental decision-making regarding childhood vaccination is influenced by one's vaccine-related beliefs. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the role of the Health Belief Model (HBM) in predicting parental intention to vaccinate their children against influenza in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). An anonymous online survey was distributed to parents of children aged 6 months to 18 years in 14 EMR countries. Out of the 5964 participants, 28.2% intended to vaccinate their children against influenza. Urban residents (OR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.35-0.85), decision-making regarding child's health by the father alone (OR = 0.43, 95%CI: 0.34-0.55) or the mother alone (OR = 0.78, 95%CI: 0.65-0.93), having a child with a chronic illness (OR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.38-0.53), reporting high perceived severity, susceptibility, and benefits (OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.30-0.40), and cues to action (OR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.39-0.51) were inversely associated with parental unwillingness to vaccinate their children against influenza. While parents with a higher number of children in the household (OR = 1.08, 95%CI:1.03-1.12) and higher perceived barriers (OR = 2.92, 95%CI: 2.56-3.34) showed an increased likelihood of unwillingness to vaccinate their children. Interventions targeting parental beliefs and perceptions are necessary to improve influenza vaccination acceptance and coverage among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Fadl
- Family Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, AlAin, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | - Naglaa Youssef
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramy Shaaban
- Department of Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Ramy Mohamed Ghazy
- Tropical Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Prevalence and Predictors of Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Uptake in Saudi Arabia Post COVID-19: A Web-Based Online Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020353. [PMID: 36851230 PMCID: PMC9964926 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the fall of 2022, the number of influenza-like illnesses (ILIs) and severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs) in Saudi Arabia had significantly increased compared with the corresponding period in previous years. Concerns regarding the population's seasonal influenza vaccine (SIV) uptake rates have emerged. In particular, the SIV uptake rates may have dropped post the COVID-19 pandemic compared with rates prior to the COVID-19 era. In this study, we aimed to estimate the prevalence and predictors of SIV uptake in Saudi Arabia post the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted a cross-sectional study utilizing an online survey platform. We mainly collected sociodemographic information and determined whether the respondent was a healthcare professional or had a chronic disease. The overall SIV uptake prevalence was 31.8%. A lower SIV uptake was observed among those aged 55 years or older, females, residents of the central region, non-health practitioners, and those without chronic diseases. Several factors were associated with SIV uptake. Those aged 35-44 were over three-fold more likely to receive an SIV than those aged 55 years or older (OR: 3.66; 95% CI: 1.33-10.05). In addition, males had 73% higher odds of SIV uptake than females (OR: 1.73; 95% CI: 1.18-2.55). Health practitioners were more likely to receive an SIV than non-health practitioners (OR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.45-3.06). Similarly, those with chronic diseases had 86% higher odds of SIV uptake than those without chronic diseases (OR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.18-2.95). These findings can provide insights into the low prevalence and predictors of SIV uptake in Saudi Arabia. Future studies should be conducted to further explore the potential factors associated with such a low prevalence of SIV uptake post COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia.
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Geospatial epidemiology of hospitalized patients with a positive influenza assay: A nationwide study in Iran, 2016-2018. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278900. [PMID: 36512615 PMCID: PMC9747007 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Seasonal influenza is a significant public health challenge worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and spatial patterns of severe hospitalized influenza cases confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in Iran. METHODS Data were obtained from Iran's Ministry of Health and Medical Education and included all hospitalized lab-confirmed influenza cases from January 1, 2016, to December 30, 2018 (n = 9146). The Getis-Ord Gi* and Local Moran's I statistics were used to explore the hotspot areas and spatial cluster/outlier patterns of influenza. We also built a multivariable logistic regression model to identify covariates associated with patients' mortality. RESULTS Cumulative incidence and mortality rate were estimated at 11.44 and 0.49 (per 100,000), respectively, and case fatality rate was estimated at 4.35%. The patients' median age was 40 (interquartile range: 22-63), and 55.5% (n = 5073) were female. The hotspot and cluster analyses revealed high-risk areas in northern parts of Iran, especially in cold, humid, and densely populated areas. Moreover, influenza hotspots were more common during the colder months of the year, especially in high-elevated regions. Mortality was significantly associated with older age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.02), infection with virus type-A (aOR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.27-2.15), male sex (aOR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.44-2.18), cardiovascular disease (aOR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.33-2.20), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aOR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.40-2.34), malignancy (aOR: 4.77, 95% CI: 2.87-7.62), and grade-II obesity (aOR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.09-3.74). CONCLUSIONS We characterized the spatial and epidemiological heterogeneities of severe hospitalized influenza cases confirmed by PCR in Iran. Detecting influenza hotspot clusters could inform prioritization and geographic specificity of influenza prevention, testing, and mitigation resource management, including vaccination planning in Iran.
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Development of a road map to scale up the uptake and utilization of influenza vaccine in 22 countries of Eastern Mediterranean Region. Vaccine 2022; 40:6558-6565. [PMID: 36208976 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this project was to develop a road map to support countries in Eastern Mediterranean Region in developing and implementing evidence-based seasonal influenza vaccination policy, strengthen influenza vaccination delivery program and address vaccine misperceptions and hesitancy. METHODS The road map was developed through consultative meetings with countries' focal points, review of relevant literature and policy documents and analysis of WHO/UNICEF Joint Reporting Form on immunization ((JRF 2015-2020) data. Countries were categorised into three groups, based on the existence of influenza vaccination policy and national regulatory authority, availability of influenza vaccine in the country and number of influenza vaccine doses distributed/ 1000 population. The final road map was shared with representatives of all countries in Eastern Mediterranean Region and other stakeholders during a meeting in September 2021. RESULT The goal for next 5 years is to increase access to and use of utilization of seasonal influenza vaccine in Eastern Mediterranean Region to reduce influenza-associated morbidity and mortality among priority groups for vaccination. Countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region are at different stages of implementation of the influenza vaccination program, so activities are planned under four strategic priority areas based on current situations in countries. The consultative body recommended that some countries should establish a new seasonal influenza vaccination programme and ensure the availability of vaccines, while other countries need to reduce vaccine hesitancy and enhance current seasonal influenza vaccination coverage, particularly in all high-risk groups. Countries are also encouraged to leverage COVID-19 adult vaccination programs to improve seasonal influenza vaccine uptake. CONCLUSION This road map was developed through a consultative process to scale up the uptake and utilization of influenza vaccine in all countries of Eastern Mediterranean Region. The road map proposes activities that should be adopted in the local context to develop/ update national policies and programs.
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Al Ariqi L, Buliva E, Chughtai AA, Barakat A, Kodama C, Khan W, Tayyab M, El Nossery S, Aman A, El-Maghraby T, Elkholy A, Abubakar A. How far are we? National preparedness and response capacities for emerging infectious disease outbreaks in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region. BMJ Glob Health 2022; 7:bmjgh-2022-009826. [PMID: 35850952 PMCID: PMC9296996 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Al Ariqi
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Evans Buliva
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abrar Ahmad Chughtai
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales-Kensington Campus, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amal Barakat
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chiori Kodama
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wasiq Khan
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherein El Nossery
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amir Aman
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer El-Maghraby
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amgad Elkholy
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdinasir Abubakar
- Infectious Hazard Prevention and Preparedness Unit, World Health Organisation Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
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Alhatim N, Al-Bashaireh AM, Alqudah O. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of seasonal influenza and influenza vaccine immunization among people visiting primary healthcare centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266440. [PMID: 35377923 PMCID: PMC8979468 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza infection continues to be a hazard to the Saudi population, resulting in high death rates and illness prevalence; it also places a substantial financial burden on the government. The government takes several strategies and approaches through the Ministry of Health has shown great success in curbing the disease. Vaccination is considered the most appropriate control measure; unfortunately, most Saudi residents, particularly in the city of Riyadh, do not consider vaccination a safe health practice. As a result, many have not participated in the influenza vaccine immunisation programme. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) of seasonal influenza and influenza vaccine immunisation among clients visiting primary healthcare centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Furthermore, the study investigated the relationship between participants’ demographics and their KAPs regarding influenza vaccination. A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study was conducted among 611 individuals who visited four of Riyadh’s primary healthcare centers: Alsylimania, Alwady, Alyasmin, and Alsahafah. A self-reported questionnaire was used to assess the KAPs of participants, with questions regarding seasonal influenza and influenza vaccine immunisation. The scores of participants’ knowledge showed that the majority had good knowledge regarding seasonal flu (64.5%) and the flu vaccine (73.3%). Furthermore, only 52% of participants had a positive attitude score towards the seasonal influenza vaccination. Despite that, significant knowledge gaps and mistaken beliefs regarding certain aspects of influenza were noted in participants, resulting in negative attitudes and perceptions as well as a reduced likelihood of being vaccinated. In this study, 43.7% of participants (267 out of 611) had ever received a flu vaccine. Participants with a history of previous vaccination had a significantly higher level of knowledge and more positive attitudes, which resulted in increased vaccination coverage. Therefore, educational strategies to improve knowledge regarding influenza in Riyadh are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah Alhatim
- King Fahad Medical City Academy for Postgraduate Studies in Family Medicine, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad M. Al-Bashaireh
- Department of Primary Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ola Alqudah
- Department of Community Health, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
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Al Hassan YT, Fabella EL, Estrella ED, Al Ramadan HA, Al Rajeh AM, Al Saleh FH. Association of vaccine awareness and confidence on the influenza vaccination status of Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia residents. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:2190-2196. [PMID: 33517830 PMCID: PMC8189070 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2020.1855954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
While the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health has made seasonal influenza vaccination available for several years, there remains a scarcity of vaccination coverage reports outside of the capital city. Understanding factors that affect vaccine uptake is important in developing strategies to improve coverage. This analytic cross-sectional study utilized data from 1377 adult residents randomly selected through a multi-stage sampling procedure from the three administrative sectors of Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Estimates of influenza vaccine coverage were determined for various demographic groups. Logistic regression was applied to determine the associations among the respondents' awareness on influenza vaccination services, their confidence on the influenza vaccine efficacy and safety and their vaccination status. The estimated influenza vaccination coverage was 44.15% (95% CI = 41.55; 46.79). The proportion of residents who received the influenza vaccine differed between demographic groups. Al Ahsa residents who were aware that influenza vaccine is available and those who were aware that it is available for free were 2.7 and 6.3 times more likely to be immunized (p < .001) compared to those who were unaware. Residents who were confident that it is effective in preventing influenza and its complications were 3.6 times more like to be vaccinated while those who were confident that the vaccine is safe were 4.5 times more likely to be immunized (p < .001). Seasonal influenza coverage in Al Ahsa remains low despite the availability of free immunization in the government health facilities. Awareness about vaccine availability and confidence in vaccine efficacy and safety were important determinants of vaccination status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo L. Fabella
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Edric D. Estrella
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Mansour Al Rajeh
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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The protection motivation theory for predict intention of COVID-19 vaccination in Iran: a structural equation modeling approach. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1165. [PMID: 34140015 PMCID: PMC8209774 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many efforts are being made around the world to discover the vaccine against COVID-19. After discovering the vaccine, its acceptance by individuals is a fundamental issue for disease control. This study aimed to examine COVID-19 vaccination intention determinants based on the protection motivation theory (PMT). Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in the Iranian adult population and surveyed 256 study participants from the first to the 30th of June 2020 with a web-based self-administered questionnaire. We used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to investigate the interrelationship between COVID-19 vaccination intention and perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived self-efficacy, and perceived response efficacy. Results SEM showed that perceived severity to COVID-19 (β = .17, p < .001), perceived self-efficacy about receiving the COVID-19 vaccine (β = .26, p < .001), and the perceived response efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine (β = .70, p < .001) were significant predictors of vaccination intention. PMT accounted for 61.5% of the variance in intention to COVID-19 vaccination, and perceived response efficacy was the strongest predictor of COVID-19 vaccination intention. Conclusions This study found the PMT constructs are useful in predicting COVID-19 vaccination intention. Programs designed to increase the vaccination rate after discovering the COVID-19 vaccine can include interventions on the severity of the COVID-19, the self-efficacy of individuals receiving the vaccine, and the effectiveness of the vaccine in preventing infection.
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Bonet-Esteve A, Muñoz-Miralles R, Gonzalez-Claramunt C, Rufas AM, Cruz XP, Vidal-Alaball J. Influenza vaccination during the coronavirus pandemic: intention to vaccinate among the at-risk population in the Central Catalonia Health Region (VAGCOVID). BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2021; 22:84. [PMID: 33931039 PMCID: PMC8087502 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01434-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza is a major public health issue, with the primary preventive measure being an annual influenza vaccination. Nevertheless, vaccination coverage among the at-risk population is low. Our understanding of the behaviour of the influenza virus during the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic is limited, meaning influenza vaccination is still recommended for individuals at risk for severe complications due to influenza infection. The aim of the study is to determine the intention to vaccinate against seasonal influenza among the at-risk population in the 2020-21 campaign during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and to analyse the factors which influence such intention. METHODS Cross-sectional telephone survey of adults (aged over 18) with risk factors in central Catalonia where the need for the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine (SIV) was recommended. RESULTS A total of 434 participants responded to the survey, 43.3% of whom intended to be vaccinated against influenza for the 2020-2021 influenza season, 40.8% had no intention to be vaccinated and 15.9% were uncertain or did not express their opinion. The intention to get vaccinated against influenza is associated with having dependents, the individual's perception of the risk of being infected with influenza and the perceived risk of transmission to dependents. It is also associated with age, whether the individual had received influenza vaccine the previous season or any other season before. The best predictors of the intention to vaccinate are the individual's perception of the risk of catching influenza and whether the individual had been vaccinated in the previous season. CONCLUSIONS Intention to vaccinate can be a good predictor of individual behaviour in relation to vaccination. During the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic many individuals are hesitant to influenza vaccination. In order to improve influenza vaccination coverage in people included in risk groups, it is necessary to promote educational actions, especially among those who express doubts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bonet-Esteve
- Unitat de Farmàcia, Gerència Territorial Catalunya Central Institut Català de la Salut, Sant Fruitós de Bages, Spain
- Health Promotion in Rural Areas Research Group, Gerència Territorial de la Catalunya Central, Institut Català de la Salut, Sant Fruitós de Bages, Spain
| | - Raquel Muñoz-Miralles
- Centre d’Atenció Primària Plaça Catalunya, SAP Bages-Berguedà-Solsonès, Gerència Territorial Catalunya Central Institut Català de la Salut, CAP Plaça Catalunya. C/ Soler i March 6, 08242 Manresa, Spain
| | - Carla Gonzalez-Claramunt
- Centre d’Atenció Primària Vilanova del Camí, SAP Anoia, Gerència Territorial Catalunya Central, Institut Català de la Salut, Vilanova del Camí, Spain
| | - Ana M Rufas
- Centre d’Atenció Primària Manlleu, SAP Osona, Gerència Territorial Catalunya Central, Institut Català de la Salut, Manlleu, Spain
| | | | - Josep Vidal-Alaball
- Health Promotion in Rural Areas Research Group, Gerència Territorial de la Catalunya Central, Institut Català de la Salut, Sant Fruitós de Bages, Spain
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca de la Catalunya Central, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina, Sant Fruitós de Bages, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Spain
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Jabr Alwazzeh M, Mohammed Telmesani L, Saud AlEnazi A, Abdulwahab Buohliqah L, Talal Halawani R, Jatoi NA, Subbarayalu AV, Abdulaziz Almuhanna F. Seasonal influenza vaccination coverage and its association with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. INFORMATICS IN MEDICINE UNLOCKED 2021; 27:100809. [PMID: 34869828 PMCID: PMC8629771 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still on-going worldwide. The available information regarding the seasonal influenza vaccine (SIV) coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on SARS-CoV-2 spread are limited. Moreover, it is argued that SIV may or may not lessen the COVID-19 severity. No previous studies have been revealed SIV coverage among COVID-19 patients and its association with COVID-19 spread and severity, especially in Saudi Arabia. Hence, this study aimed to estimate the influenza vaccine uptake in confirmed COVID-19 patients and investigate its impact on COVID-19 spread and severity. Accordingly, 1734 COVID-19 confirmed patients were included from three government hospitals in Saudi Arabia (SA). The data were collected electronically through a newly formed, self-administrated questionnaire. Among those patients, 335 were covered with SIV (19.31%), and the coverage rate of females and males was 23.4% and 15.8%, respectively. Severe COVID-19 cases were less in vaccinated patients than in non-vaccinated (2.69% vs. 3.5%, respectively). Additionally, the results showed a significant decrease in getting infected by SARS-CoV-2 after receiving SIV (P = 0.022). Even with the tremendous efforts to promote SIV uptake among the general population and high-risk groups, the SIV coverage in SA is not optimal yet. Nevertheless, there is a significant decrease in the probability of getting infected with SARS-CoV-2 after receiving SIV. Such findings with the continuous progression of the COVID-19 pandemic call for a novel approach regarding vaccination policies to increase SIV and COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Jabr Alwazzeh
- Infectious Disease Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, & King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laila Mohammed Telmesani
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Saud AlEnazi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamia Abdulwahab Buohliqah
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Qatif Center Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al-Qatif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Roa Talal Halawani
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Ohud General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor-Ahmed Jatoi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam & King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arun Vijay Subbarayalu
- Quality Measurement and Evaluation Department, Deanship of Quality and Academic Accreditation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahd Abdulaziz Almuhanna
- Nephrology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam & King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
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Li J, Yu W, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Gong Q. Measles vaccination among children in border areas of Yunnan Province, Southwest China. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240733. [PMID: 33085692 PMCID: PMC7577443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Border areas are at high risk of measles epidemics. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of the routine two-dose measles containing vaccine (MCV) program in border counties of Southwest China. METHODS Data used in the study were derived from a cross-sectional survey among 1,467 children aged 8 to 84 months from five border counties of Yunnan Province, Southwest China in 2016. The participants were recruited using a multistage sampling method. Primary guardians of the children were interviewed to collect information on vaccination history, socio-economic status, and knowledge about immunization. Both coverage and timely coverage for the first (MCV1) and the second (MCV2) dose of MCV were calculated. The Kaplan-Meier method was performed to estimate the cumulative coverage of MCV, and Log-rank tests were adopted to compare the differences across counties and birth cohorts. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate the predictors of delayed MCV1 vaccination. RESULTS The coverage for MCV1 and MCV2 were 97.5% and 93.4%, respectively. However, only 63.8% and 84.0% of the children received MCV1 or MCV2 on time. Significant differences in the cumulative coverage were detected across counties and birth cohorts. Results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that children whose primary guardian knew the schedule of MCV were less likely to receive MCV1 late (OR = 0.63, P<0.01). For the guardians, doctors at vaccination units were the primary and also the most desired source of vaccination information. CONCLUSIONS Although the coverage for MCV is high in border areas of Southwest China, the timeliness of MCV vaccination seems suboptimal. Tailored information from local health professionals may help to reduce untimely vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangrong Li
- Expanded Program on Immunization Department, Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Wenzhou Yu
- National Immunization Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixian Zhao
- Expanded Program on Immunization Department, Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Zhaotong Vocational College of Health, Zhaotong, China
| | - Qiongyu Gong
- Expanded Program on Immunization Department, Yunnan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
- * E-mail:
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Waheed A, Waheeb Y, Hassan A, Fahim A. Seasonal influenza vaccination coverage and barriers among healthcare workers in an Egyptian Province. LA MEDICINA DEL LAVORO 2020; 111:449-456. [PMID: 33311420 PMCID: PMC7809988 DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v111i6.9489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Influenza vaccination uptake by Egyptian healthcare workers remains sub-optimal despite local initiatives and infection control programs to increase it. Objective: To assess vaccination coverage and investigate health care workers’ barriers and also motivators toward seasonal influenza vaccination. Methods: An interview questionnaire survey and focus group sessions were conducted to measure uptake and assess barriers to seasonal influenza vaccination among HCWs in main hospitals and primary care centers in Ismailia city. Results: There were 980 participants, of whom 131 (13.4%) reported having received influenza vaccination in last season 2018/2019. Females were 76.8% of participants, and nurses were the main occupational category of study sample (80.4%). The most commonly reported motivator (97.7%) was “protection of oneself and family members” among the vaccinated participants. The top barriers among non-vaccinated ranked by their Relative Importance Index (RII), included lack of instruction by supervisors RII=0.82, lack of awareness about vaccine benefits RII=0.79 and lack of awareness from where to get the vaccine RII=0.71. Predictors of non-vaccination included belief that the vaccine itself may induce influenza (OR: 1.9 p<0.05, CI, 1.3-2.8) and the perception that vaccination is ineffective (OR: 2.8 p<0.05, CI, 1.5-5.2), and lack of knowledge about the vaccinations recommended for health care workers (OR: 1.9 p<0.05, CI, 1.2-2.8). Conclusions: Addressing specific barriers to influenza vaccination uptake among healthcare workers may improve vaccination rate. Targeted evidence-based promotion campaigns and programs should be established to overcome identified barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Waheed
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Youssef Waheeb
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Adel Hassan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Ayman Fahim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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