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Kuhn AV, Pont GD, Cozer N, Sadauskas-Henrique H. The concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fish: A systematic review. Mar Pollut Bull 2024; 198:115778. [PMID: 38016205 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted on the concentrations of PAHs, including benzo[a]pyrene and the sum of four PAHs (benz[a]anthracene, chryseno, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene), in unsmoked fish tissues. The values were related to the time period, locality (country and region), living habits, eating habits, and types of environments of the fish species. The data obtained has been also compared with the limits established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and European Union (E.U.) legislation. The data were collected through a PRISMA systematic review (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) from 1982 to 2020. Only documents that presented the PAHs concentration values were selected. China, Nigeria, and Iran had the highest number of studies. The species Coptodon zillii, Siganus punctatus, and Liza abu were the most commonly used bioindicators. Fish inhabiting demersal and pelagic environments showed the highest concentrations of PAHs. The majority of PAH concentrations of the analyzed documents fell within permissible limits for human consumption, representing a total percentage of 79.49 % for benzo[a]pyrene and 82.86 % for the sum of the 4 PAHs. Although some studies identified concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene alone and benzo[a]pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, chryseno, benzo[b]fluoranthene above the legislation limits, in most of them, the concentrations reported in fish tissue were below the limits defined by European Legislation for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Vieira Kuhn
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Bioquímica de Organismos Aquáticos, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil.
| | - Giorgi Dal Pont
- Grupo Integrado de Aquicultura e Estudos Ambientais, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, 80035-050 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Nathieli Cozer
- Grupo Integrado de Aquicultura e Estudos Ambientais, Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Rua dos Funcionários, 1540, Juvevê, 80035-050 Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Helen Sadauskas-Henrique
- Laboratório de Ecofisiologia e Bioquímica de Organismos Aquáticos, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Oswaldo Cruz, 11045-907 Santos, Brazil
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Consales G, Bottaro M, Mancusi C, Neri A, Sartor P, Voliani A, D'Agostino A, Marsili L. Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in three bathyal chondrichthyes from the North-Western Mediterranean Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 196:115647. [PMID: 37832499 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The deep-sea can act as a sink for legacy contaminants such as organochlorines (OCs), causing damages in its inhabitants for their persistence and their prolonged effects in the organisms. HCB, DDT and its isomers, and 28 PCBs congeners were detected in muscle and embryonic tissues of three deep-sea chondrichthyes Chimaera monstrosa (n = 16), Dalatias licha (n = 12) and Etmopterus spinax (n = 51) sampled in Ligurian and Tyrrhenian Sea (Mediterranean Sea). Contaminant distribution in E. spinax and C. monstrosa was PCBs > DDTs ≫ HCB while in D. licha was DDTs > PCBs ≫ HCB. Statistically significant differences were highlighted in OC levels among the species, but no such differences were found among sexes. Ratios between DDT isomers highlighted an historical input of the pesticide in the environment. For the first time was also demonstrated maternal transfer in deep water chondrichthyes, specifically in E. spinax where was highlighted that transfer of contaminants increases with increasing compound's Log Kow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guia Consales
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy; Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Genoa Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Italian National Institute for Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Villa del Principe, Piazza del Principe 4, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bottaro
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Genoa Marine Centre, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Italian National Institute for Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Villa del Principe, Piazza del Principe 4, 16126 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Mancusi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy; ARPAT Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Tuscany, Via Marradi 114, 57126 Livorno, Italy
| | - Alessandra Neri
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy; Consortium for the Inter-University Center of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G.Bacci", Viale Nazario Sauro 4, 57128, Livorno, Italy
| | - Paolo Sartor
- Consortium for the Inter-University Center of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G.Bacci", Viale Nazario Sauro 4, 57128, Livorno, Italy
| | - Alessandro Voliani
- ARPAT Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Tuscany, Via Marradi 114, 57126 Livorno, Italy
| | | | - Letizia Marsili
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy; Inter-University Center of Cetacean Research (CIRCE), Via Mattioli 4, Siena 53100, Italy
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3
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Ngoubeyou PSK, Wolkersdorfer C, Ndibewu PP, Augustyn W. Toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls in aquatic environments - A review. Aquat Toxicol 2022; 251:106284. [PMID: 36087490 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and their congeners resulting from the pollution of all environmental media is inherently related to its persistence and ubiquitous nature. In principle, determination of this class of contaminants are limited to the determination of their concentrations in the various environmental matrices. For solving many problems in this context, knowledge of the emission sources of PCBs, transport pathways, and sites of contamination and biomagnification is of great benefit to scientists and researchers, as well as many regulatory organizations. By far the largest amounts of PCBs, regardless of their discharged points, end up in the soil, sediment and finally in different aquatic environments. By reviewing relevant published materials, the source of origin of PCBs in the environment particularly from different pollution point sources, it is possible to obtain useful information on the nature of different materials that are sources of PCBs, or their concentrations and their toxicity or health effects and how they can be removed from contaminated media. This review focuses on the sources of PCBs in aquatic environments and critically reviews the toxicity of PCBs in aquatic animals and plants. The review also assesses the toxicity equivalency factors (TEFs) of PCBs providing valuable knowledge to other scientists and researchers that enables regulatory laws to be formulated based on selective determination of concentrations regarding their maximum permissible limits (MPLs) allowed. This review also supplies a pool of valuable information useful for designing decontamination technologies for PCBs in media like soil, sediment, and wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Wolkersdorfer
- Tshwane University of Technology, SARChI Chair for Mine Water Treatment, Department of Environmental, Water and Earth Sciences, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Peter Papoh Ndibewu
- Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Wilma Augustyn
- Tshwane University of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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Chen CF, Chen CW, Ju YR, Wang MH, Lim YC, Tsai WP, Dong CD. Evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in silky sharks Carcharhinus falciformis collected from Western Indian Ocean and human health risk assessment. Sci Total Environ 2022; 822:153675. [PMID: 35124066 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) is the most abundant and widely distributed shark species in the marine system of tropical regions. However, it appears that there is limited information on USEPA 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentration in silky shark muscle tissue, which has together with the lack of a health risk assessment of human consumption of silky shark filets. The potential toxicity of PAHs in muscles of silky sharks and cancer and non-cancer risk of consumers were assessed. Results showed that the total PAHs (TPAHs) concentration in the muscle tissue of silky sharks was between 62 and 657 ng/g ww, with an average of 234 ± 221 (mean ± standard deviation) ng/g ww, and can be considered as minimally to moderately contaminated level. Naphthalene (NA), phenanthrene (PH), and fluoranthene (FLU) are the most abundant PAHs in silky sharks muscle tissue, accounting for 38.6%, 11.0%, and 19.0% of TPAHs, respectively. The average values of toxic benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) equivalent (TEQcarc) and toxic dioxin equivalent (TEQfish) of PAHs equal to the potency of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in silky shark muscle are 13.5 ± 16.4 ng BaP/g ww and 34.1 ± 77.4 pg TCDD/g ww, respectively, and they showed a good linear relationship (r = 0.928; p < 0.001). The TEQcarc of silky sharks muscle is higher than USEPA's screening value of PAHs of 3.2 ng BaP/g ww for adults, indicating a potential negative impact on public health. The calculated hazard index (HI) of PAHs is less than 1, suggesting that residents eating silky shark muscle will not expect to cause significant non-cancer risk. However, the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) of BaP as 10.6-26.3% and 8.2-32.4% in males and females, respectively, may pose a significant cancer risk. In general, children and the elderly have relatively higher risks, as well as males have a higher cancer and non-cancer risk than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Feng Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ru Ju
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Wang
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yee Cheng Lim
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Pei Tsai
- Department of Fisheries Production and Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
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Gorshkov AG, Kustova OV, Bukin YS. Assessment of PCBs in Surface Waters at Ultratrace Levels: Traditional Approaches and Biomonitoring (Lake Baikal, Russia). Applied Sciences 2022; 12:2145. [DOI: 10.3390/app12042145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This article presents the results of the assessment of PCB concentrations in surface waters at ultratrace level of concentrations. The assessment of PCB concentrations is based on data from monitoring PCBs in Baikal water within the conventional approach as well as from biomonitoring of PCBs using Baikal omul, Coregonus migratorius, Georgi, 1775 (C. migratorius), as a bioindicator. The time cycle of the monitoring covered the period from 2014 to 2021. The concentrations of PCBs in the water were estimated from the concentrations of seven indicator congeners: 28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180, and from congeners of dioxin-like (dl) PCBs in the tissues of C. migratorius. The average value and the statistically significant range of the detected total concentrations (Ʃ7PCBs) in Baikal water were 0.30 and 0.26–0.34 ng/L, respectively. In the tissues of C. migratorius, the average value and the range of Ʃ7PCB concentrations were 5.6 and 4.9–6.3 ng/g (ww), respectively, and for dl-PCBs, 1.5 and 1.3–1.7 ng/g (ww), respectively. The total toxicity equivalent of the detected dl-PCBs was in the WHO-TEQ (2005) range from 0.03 to 0.06 pg/g (ww). The concentrations of Ʃ7PCBs in Baikal water and dl-PCBs in the tissues of C. migratorius corresponded to the concentration levels in the European alpine lakes and the tissues of S. trutta fish inhabiting these lakes.
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Frapiccini E, Cocci P, Annibaldi A, Panfili M, Santojanni A, Grilli F, Marini M, Palermo FA. Assessment of seasonal relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon accumulation and expression patterns of oxidative stress-related genes in muscle tissues of red mullet (M. barbatus) from the Northern Adriatic Sea. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 88:103752. [PMID: 34624478 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the seasonal association between Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations and mRNA expression profiles of some antioxidant genes (i.e. CAT, GST and SOD), as well as lipid peroxidation (LPO), in muscle of sexually inactive females of red mullet (Mullus barbatus). Fish were captured in a fishery area of the Northern Adriatic Sea during both winter and summer. We found significantly (p < 0.05) higher ∑HMW-PAHs concentrations in muscle of specimens caught during winter than summer. On the basis of sampling season, red mullets exhibited different gene expression profiles of antioxidant enzymes showing lower levels of both CAT and GST in winter than in summer. Accordingly, CAT was found to be negatively associated with ∑PAH concentrations, especially ∑LMW-PAH, in individuals collected during winter. Seasonal-related downregulation of some oxidative stress biomarker expression is suggestive of greater susceptibility of red mullets to PAHs during winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Frapiccini
- National Research Council, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies (CNR IRBIM), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy; Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Cocci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, I-62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Anna Annibaldi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies (FMC), Viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032, Fano, Italy
| | - Monica Panfili
- National Research Council, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies (CNR IRBIM), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alberto Santojanni
- National Research Council, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies (CNR IRBIM), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Grilli
- National Research Council, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies (CNR IRBIM), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mauro Marini
- National Research Council, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies (CNR IRBIM), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy; Fano Marine Center, The Inter-Institute Center for Research on Marine Biodiversity, Resources and Biotechnologies (FMC), Viale Adriatico 1/N, 61032, Fano, Italy
| | - Francesco Alessandro Palermo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, I-62032, Camerino, MC, Italy.
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Keshavarzifard M, Vazirzadeh A, Sharifinia M. Implications of anthropogenic effects on the coastal environment of Northern Persian Gulf, using jinga shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) as indicator. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 159:111463. [PMID: 32892912 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The distribution and sources of PAHs in jinga shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis), and human health risks due to consumption was evaluated in collected samples from the Musa Bay, Persian Gulf. The total concentration of PAHs (∑16PAHs) ranged from 10 to 144 μg kg-1 dry weight, indicating low to moderate level of pollution. The PAHs were dominated by three- (41%) and two-ring (38%) compounds. Source identification analyses indicated the PAH pollution mostly originated from petroleum inputs. A preliminary evaluation of human health risk using chronic daily intake, hazard index, benzo[a]pyrene-equivalent (BaPeq) concentration (PEC) as well as the incremental life cancer risk and non-cancer risk assessment suggest low potential health risk for consumers of the Metapenaeus affinis. However, the results indicate minimal risks associated with the intake of PAHs via shrimp consumption, but long-term monitoring is required to evaluate the changes in ecological and human health impacts of contaminants in the region. MAIN FINDING: PAHs in Metapenaeus affinis from Musa bay, which influenced by anthropogenic activities were low to moderate level of pollution. Human health risk indicates low potential health risk for consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrzad Keshavarzifard
- Shrimp Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran; Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Arya Vazirzadeh
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Moslem Sharifinia
- Shrimp Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran.
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8
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Frapiccini E, Panfili M, Guicciardi S, Santojanni A, Marini M, Truzzi C, Annibaldi A. Effects of biological factors and seasonality on the level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in red mullet (Mullus barbatus). Environ Pollut 2020; 258:113742. [PMID: 31855675 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the effects of biological factors of fish and seasonality on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) accumulation in red mullet (Mullus barbatus) tissue. Specimens were collected monthly with a bottom trawl net in an offshore fishing ground in the Northern and Central Adriatic Sea (Geographical Sub Area 17) throughout 2016. The edible fillets of 380 individuals were analyzed for the concentrations of individual PAH, total PAH, and low, medium and high molecular weight (MW) PAHs. PAH bioaccumulation was related to their physicochemical characteristics (MW, and logarithm of the octanol-water partition coefficient, log Kow), some biological parameters of fish (body size, age, sex, reproductive stage and total lipid content), and catch season. The PAH bioaccumulation pattern and the effects of the different factors varied according to PAH MW. The heavier (medium and high MW) PAHs showed higher levels in winter-autumn and in pre-spawners compared with spawners and post-spawners. Our findings suggest that an important detoxification mechanism, albeit limited to the heavier PAHs, acts in the spawning and post-spawning stage. Low MW PAHs appeared to be unaffected by reproductive stage, lipid content and seasonality. Reproductive stage and seasonality seem to play an important role in the accumulation of heavier PAH, whereas total lipid content and age seem to exert a limited influence, and body size no effect at all.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Frapiccini
- Institute of Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy.
| | - M Panfili
- Institute of Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - S Guicciardi
- Institute of Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Santojanni
- Institute of Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Marini
- Institute of Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology (IRBIM), National Research Council (CNR), Largo Fiera della Pesca 2, 60125, Ancona, Italy
| | - C Truzzi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Annibaldi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
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Frapiccini E, Annibaldi A, Betti M, Polidori P, Truzzi C, Marini M. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) accumulation in different common sole (Solea solea) tissues from the North Adriatic Sea peculiar impacted area. Mar Pollut Bull 2018; 137:61-68. [PMID: 30503474 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study extends our knowledge of the bioaccumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in marine organisms and investigates its possible determinants. PAH levels were measured in Solea solea tissue and in marine sediments collected from three areas of the northern Adriatic Sea characterized by different anthropic impacts (Venetian Lagoon, Po Delta, and fishing grounds off Chioggia). The possibility of differential PAH bioaccumulation in different tissues (muscle, liver and gills) was investigated by seeking relationships between mean individual and total PAH concentrations in tissue and sediment samples, the physicochemical properties of PAHs (rings and Kow), and some key biological variables (lipid content of tissues, body size, habitat). The present study demonstrated that the lipid content might not be the only determinant of PAH bioaccumulation in common sole tissues. The habitat characteristics, the tissue types and some physicochemical properties of compounds were closely related to PAH bioaccumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Frapiccini
- National Research Council, CNR-IRBIM, L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, Ancona, Italy
| | - Anna Annibaldi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mattia Betti
- National Research Council, CNR-IRBIM, L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, Ancona, Italy
| | - Piero Polidori
- National Research Council, CNR-IRBIM, L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristina Truzzi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Mauro Marini
- National Research Council, CNR-IRBIM, L.go Fiera della Pesca, 2, Ancona, Italy.
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Said TO, Idris AM, Sahlabji T. Combining relationship indices, human risk indices, multivariate statistical analysis and international guidelines for assessing the residue levels of USEPA-PAHs in seafood. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2018.1481114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek O. Said
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Kayet Bay, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abubakr M. Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taher Sahlabji
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Ferrante M, Zanghì G, Cristaldi A, Copat C, Grasso A, Fiore M, Signorelli SS, Zuccarello P, Oliveri Conti G. PAHs in seafood from the Mediterranean Sea: An exposure risk assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 115:385-390. [PMID: 29580821 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Seafood represent an important food source for human, and seafood quality is associated with marine environment quality. PAHs are one of the main organic environmental contaminants and they can be introduced into the body through different way (ingestion, inhalation, dermal absorption). We present data on bioaccumulation of the sixteen PAHs, defined priority by the U.S.- EPA, in Sardina pilchardus, Solea solea and Donax trunculus, three species caught in the Catania Gulf and highly consumed by the local population. The risk to develop chronic systemic and carcinogenic effects due to the consumption of these target species was evaluated through the EDI, THQ and CR. EDI derived from D. trunculus ingestion falls within the range calculated by the EFSA. The THQ is less than 1, and the CR calculated for the Benzo(a)Pyrene is at the limit of the ARL (1✕10-5). EDI derived from S. pilchardus and S. solea ingestion are below the range calculated by the EFSA. The THQ is less than 1, and the CR is below the acceptable risk level. The contamination level found in local seafood determines a low risk to develop chronic systemic effects, but the cancer risk could be of health concern especially for high-frequency molluscs consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies, "G.F. Ingrassia" - Hygiene and Public Health, Laboratory of Environmental and Food Hygiene (LIAA), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Guido Zanghì
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Cristaldi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies, "G.F. Ingrassia" - Hygiene and Public Health, Laboratory of Environmental and Food Hygiene (LIAA), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Chiara Copat
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies, "G.F. Ingrassia" - Hygiene and Public Health, Laboratory of Environmental and Food Hygiene (LIAA), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Alfina Grasso
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies, "G.F. Ingrassia" - Hygiene and Public Health, Laboratory of Environmental and Food Hygiene (LIAA), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Fiore
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies, "G.F. Ingrassia" - Hygiene and Public Health, Laboratory of Environmental and Food Hygiene (LIAA), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Santo Salvatore Signorelli
- Departments of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Pietro Zuccarello
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies, "G.F. Ingrassia" - Hygiene and Public Health, Laboratory of Environmental and Food Hygiene (LIAA), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies, "G.F. Ingrassia" - Hygiene and Public Health, Laboratory of Environmental and Food Hygiene (LIAA), University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
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Orellana G, Van Meulebroek L, De Rijcke M, Janssen CR, Vanhaecke L. High resolution mass spectrometry-based screening reveals lipophilic toxins in multiple trophic levels from the North Sea. Harmful Algae 2017; 64:30-41. [PMID: 28427570 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipophilic marine biotoxins, which are mainly produced by small dinoflagellates, are increasingly detected in coastal waters across the globe. As these producers are consumed by zooplankton and shellfish, the toxins are introduced, bioaccumulated and possibly biomagnified throughout marine food chains. Recent research has demonstrated that ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) is an excellent tool to detect marine toxins in algae and seafood. In this study, UHPLC-HRMS was used to screen lipophilic marine biotoxins in organisms from different trophic levels of the Belgian coastal zone ecosystem. A total of 20 tentatively identified lipophilic compounds was detected. Hereby, the trophic transfer of lipophilic marine biotoxins to the upper trophic level was considered to be rather limited. Furthermore, 36% of the compounds was clearly transferred between different organisms. A significant biotransformation of compounds from the okadaic acid and spirolide toxin groups was observed (64%), mainly in filter feeders. Through a multi-targeted approach, this study showed that marine organisms in the Belgian coastal zone are exposed to a multi-toxin mixture. Further research on both single compound and interactive toxic effects of the frequently detected lipophilic marine toxin ester metabolites throughout the food chain is therefore needed. As a future perspective, confirmatory identification of potential toxins by studying their fragmentation spectra (using new tools such as hybrid quadrupole Q-Exactive™ Orbitrap-MS) is designated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Orellana
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium; Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Jozef Plateaustraat 22, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Lieven Van Meulebroek
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Maarten De Rijcke
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Jozef Plateaustraat 22, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Colin R Janssen
- Ghent University, Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Jozef Plateaustraat 22, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Lynn Vanhaecke
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
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