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Bai YP, Zhang T, Hu ZY, Zhang Y, Wang DG, Zhou MY, Zhang Y, Zhang F, Kong X. Sesamin ameliorates nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis by inhibiting CD36-mediated hepatocyte lipid accumulation in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 224:116240. [PMID: 38679210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis is a critical factor in the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Sesamin (Ses), a functional lignan isolated from Sesamum indicum, possesses hypolipidemic, liver-protective, anti-hypertensive, and anti-tumor properties. Ses has been found to improve hepatic steatosis, but the exact mechanisms through which Ses achieves this are not well understood. In this study, we observed the anti-hepatic steatosis effects of Ses in palmitate/oleate (PA/OA)-incubated primary mouse hepatocytes, AML12 hepatocytes, and HepG2 cells, as well as in high-fat, high-cholesterol diet-induced NASH mice. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), a free fatty acid (FA) transport protein, was involved in the Ses-mediated inhibition of hepatic fat accumulation. Moreover, the overexpression of CD36 significantly increased hepatic steatosis in both Ses-treated PA/OA-incubated HepG2 cells and NASH mice. Furthermore, Ses treatment suppressed insulin-induced de novo lipogenesis in HepG2 cells, which was reversed by CD36 overexpression. Mechanistically, we found that Ses ameliorated NASH by inhibiting CD36-mediated FA uptake and upregulation of lipogenic genes, including FA synthase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1. The findings of our study provide novel insights into the potential therapeutic applications of Ses in the treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Zheng-Yan Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - De-Guo Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Geriatric Endocrinology Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Meng-Yun Zhou
- Department of Gerontology, Geriatric Endocrinology Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Geriatric Endocrinology Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Wuhu 241000, China.
| | - Xiang Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China; Department of Gerontology, Geriatric Endocrinology Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China.
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Gina NNT, Kuo JL, Wu ML, Chuang SM. Sesamin and sesamolin potentially inhibit adipogenesis through downregulating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ protein expression and activity in 3T3-L1 cells. Nutr Res 2024; 123:4-17. [PMID: 38228077 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Sesamin and sesamolin are major sesame lignans that have demonstrated anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective properties and potential benefits in the liver, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome. However, despite previous research on their antiobesity effects and underlying mechanisms, a comprehensive investigation of these aspects is still lacking. In this study, we evaluated the regulatory effects of 20 to 80 µM sesamin and sesamolin on adipogenesis in vitro using 3T3-L1 cells as a model cell line. We hypothesized that the lignans would inhibit adipogenic differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells through the regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Our data indicate that sesamin and sesamolin inhibited the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells by dose-dependently decreasing lipid accumulation and triglyceride formation. Sesamin and sesamolin reduced the mRNA and protein expression of the adipogenesis-related transcription factors, PPARγ and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α, leading to the dose-dependent downregulations of their downstream targets, fatty acid binding protein 4, hormone-sensitive lipase, lipoprotein lipase, and glucose transporter 4. In addition, glucose uptake was dose-dependently attenuated by sesamin and sesamolin in both differentiated 3T3-L1 cells and HepG2 cells. Interestingly, our results suggested that sesamin and sesamolin might directly bind to PPARγ to inhibit its transcriptional activity. Finally, sesamin and sesamolin decreased the phosphorylation of 3 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling components in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. Taken together, our findings suggest that sesamin and sesamolin may exhibit antiobesity effects by potentially downregulating PPARγ and its downstream genes through the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, offering important insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the potential antiobesity effects of sesamin and sesamolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelma Nyvonne Tiqu Gina
- Food Science Department, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91012, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ling Kuo
- Food Science Department, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91012, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Li Wu
- Food Science Department, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91012, Taiwan.
| | - Show-Mei Chuang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; Department of Law, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
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Zhang T, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Wang DG, Lv QY, Wang W, Bai YP, Hua Q, Guo LQ. Sesamin ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through inhibiting hepatocyte pyroptosis in vivo and in vitro. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1347274. [PMID: 38362146 PMCID: PMC10867836 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1347274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Sesamin (Ses) is a natural lignan abundantly present in sesame and sesame oil. Pyroptosis, a newly identified type of pro-inflammatory programmed necrosis, contributes to the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) when hepatocyte pyroptosis is excessive. In this study, Ses treatment demonstrated an improvement in hepatic damage in mice with high-fat, high-cholesterol diet-induced NASH and palmitate (PA)-treated mouse primary hepatocytes. Notably, we discovered, for the first time, that Ses could alleviate hepatocyte pyroptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, treatment with phorbol myristate acetate, a protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ) agonist, increased PKCδ phosphorylation and attenuated the protective effects of Ses against pyroptosis in PA-treated mouse primary hepatocytes. Mechanistically, Ses treatment alleviated hepatocyte pyroptosis in NASH, which was associated with the regulation of the PKCδ/nod-like receptor family CARD domain-containing protein 4/caspase-1 axis. This study introduces a novel concept and target, suggesting the potential use of functional factors in food to alleviate liver damage caused by NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - De-Guo Wang
- Department of Gerontology, Geriatric Endocrinology Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Qiu-Yue Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Innovative Center for Drug Basic Research of Metabolic Diseases, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Ya-Ping Bai
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Qiang Hua
- Department of Gerontology, Geriatric Endocrinology Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Yijishan Hospital, Wuhu, China
| | - Li-Qun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Innovative Center for Drug Basic Research of Metabolic Diseases, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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Fahim MFM, Zarnigar P. Effect of prepared herbal mouthwash in maintaining the oral health of school children: A single-blind randomised control trial. Explore (NY) 2023:S1550-8307(23)00274-4. [PMID: 38594113 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral health is a vital indicator of overall well-being, quality of life, and general health, with historical roots in Unani medicine (i.e. preventive measures, oral hygiene, and treatment). This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of prepared herbal mouthwash in maintaining oral health among school children. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 110 schoolchildren were randomly assigned to the test group (treated with herbal mouthwash -Anacyclus pyrenthrum DC, Punica granutum (pericarp), Capparis spinosa (root bark), and Quercus infectoria Oliv (galls)) and the control group (treated with 0.2 % Chlorhexidine Mouthwash) for 30-days. The response was assessed by DMFT, Salivary pH, Oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), Plaque index (Loe & Silness) (PI), Plaque index simplified (O'Leary et al., 1972) (PI-S), Gingival Index (Löe-Silness) (GI), and Bleeding on probing (BOP) on baseline and 30th day GI and PI were further assessed on 60th, 90th and 120th days to determine the sustainable effect of the intervention. RESULTS After treatment, Mean OHI-S, PI, PI-S, GI and BOP significantly reduced on the 30th day from baseline (p ≤ 0.001) in both groups. After discontinuing intervention, both groups showed significantly lower PI and GI scores on the 120th day from baseline. (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study revealed that prepared mouthwash is safe and significantly effective in maintaining oral health, and it could be used as an adjunct to mechanical oral hygiene measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F M Fahim
- Department of Tahaffuzi wa Samaji Tibb (Preventive and Social Medicine), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Kottigepalaya, Magadi Main Road, Bengaluru, 560091, India.
| | - Prof Zarnigar
- Department of Tahaffuzi wa Samaji Tibb (Preventive and Social Medicine), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Kottigepalaya, Magadi Main Road, Bengaluru, 560091, India
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Huang SM, Hsieh CY, Ting JU, De Castro-Cruz KA, Wang CC, Lee CJ, Tsai PW. Anti-COVID-19, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Osteoarthritis Activities of Sesamin from Sesamum indicum L. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1263. [PMID: 38002386 PMCID: PMC10669907 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
During the COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) outbreak, many people were infected, and the symptoms may persist for several weeks or months for recovering patients. This is also known as "long COVID" and includes symptoms such as fatigue, joint pain, muscle pain, et cetera. The COVID-19 virus may trigger hyper-inflammation associated with cytokine levels in the body. COVID-19 can trigger inflammation in the joints, which can lead to osteoarthritis (OA), while long-term COVID-19 symptoms may lead to joint damage and other inflammation problems. According to several studies, sesame has potent anti-inflammatory properties due to its major constituent, sesamin. This study examined sesamin's anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoarthritis, and anti-COVID-19 effects. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro assays were used to determine sesamin's anti-inflammatory activity against the RAW264.7 and SW1353 cell lines. Sesamin had a dose-dependent effect (20 mg/kg) in a monoiodoacetic acid (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis rat model. Sesamin reduced paw swelling and joint discomfort. In addition, the findings indicated that sesamin suppressed the expression of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) and COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) in the RAW264.7 cell line within the concentration range of 6.25-50 μM. Furthermore, sesamin also had a suppressive effect on MMP (matrix metalloproteinase) expression in chondrocytes and the SW1353 cell line within the same concentration range of 6.25-50 μM. To examine the anti-viral activity, an in silico analysis was performed to evaluate sesamin's binding affinity with SARS-CoV-2 RdRp (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) and human ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2). Compared to the controls, sesamin exhibited strong binding affinities towards SARS-CoV-2 RdRp and human ACE2. Furthermore, sesamin had a higher binding affinity for the ACE2 target protein. This study suggests that sesamin shows potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ming Huang
- Department of Nutrition, College of Medical and Health Care, Hungkuang University, Taichung 433, Taiwan;
- Department of Nutrition, Nantou Hospital of Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou 540, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yang Hsieh
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (C.-C.W.)
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Jasmine U. Ting
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, De La Salle University, Metro Manila 1004, Philippines;
| | - Kathlia A. De Castro-Cruz
- School of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Metro Manila 1002, Philippines;
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (C.-C.W.)
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (C.-C.W.)
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan
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Huang SM, Chuang CH, Rejano CJF, Tayo LL, Hsieh CY, Huang SKH, Tsai PW. Sesamin: A Promising Therapeutic Agent for Ameliorating Symptoms of Diabetes. Molecules 2023; 28:7255. [PMID: 37959677 PMCID: PMC10649669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by improperly regulating proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids due to insulin deficiency or resistance. The increasing prevalence of diabetes poses a tremendous socioeconomic burden worldwide, resulting in the rise of many studies on Chinese herbal medicines to discover the most effective cure for diabetes. Sesame seeds are among these Chinese herbal medicines that were found to contain various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, lowering cholesterol, improving liver function, blood pressure and sugar lowering, regulating lipid synthesis, and anticancer activities. These medicinal benefits are attributed to sesamin, which is the main lignan found in sesame seeds and oil. In this study, Wistar rat models were induced with type 2 diabetes using streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide, and the effect of sesamin on the changes in body weight, blood sugar level, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin levels, and the states of the pancreas and liver of the rats were evaluated. The results indicate a reduced blood glucose level, HbA1c, TG, and ALT and AST enzymes after sesamin treatment, while increased insulin level, SOD, CAT, and GPx activities were also observed. These findings prove sesamin's efficacy in ameliorating the symptoms of diabetes through its potent pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ming Huang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nantou Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Nantou City 545, Taiwan;
- Department of Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung City 433, Taiwan;
| | - Cheng-Hung Chuang
- Department of Nutrition, Hungkuang University, Taichung City 433, Taiwan;
| | - Christine Joyce F. Rejano
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines; (C.J.F.R.); (L.L.T.)
- School of Graduate Studies, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines
| | - Lemmuel L. Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Manila 1002, Philippines; (C.J.F.R.); (L.L.T.)
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mapúa University, Makati 1200, Philippines
| | - Cheng-Yang Hsieh
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan;
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Steven Kuan-Hua Huang
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 711, Taiwan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City 711, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Laboratory of Oncology, Pharmacy Practice and Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Guo J, Xue J, He Z, Jia H, Yang X. The mechanism by which Naru 3 pill protects against intervertebral disc cartilage endplate degeneration based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:552. [PMID: 37525208 PMCID: PMC10388481 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Naru 3 pill is a traditional Mongolian medicine for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), but the mechanism is not yet clear. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the mechanism of Naru 3 pill in the treatment of IDD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Active ingredients and related targets of Naru 3 pill, as well as IDD-related genes, were collected from public databases. The analysis was performed by protein‒protein interaction network analysis, gene ontology and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, the network pharmacology results were validated by in vitro experiments. RESULTS Network analysis showed that sesamin, piperine and ellagic acid were potential key components and CASP3, BAX and BCL2 were key targets. KEGG analysis indicated the apoptotic pathway as a potential pathway. Molecular docking showed that sesamin interacted better with the targets than the other components. The results of molecular dynamics simulations indicated that the three systems BAX-sesamin, BCL2-sesamin and CASP3-sesamin were stable and reasonable during the simulation. In vitro experiments showed that sesamin had the least effect on cell growth and the most pronounced proliferation-promoting effect, and so sesamin was considered the key component. The experiments confirmed that sesamin had antiapoptotic effects and reversed the expression of CASP3, BAX and BCL2 in degeneration models, which was consistent with the network pharmacology results. Furthermore, sesamin alleviated extracellular matrix (ECM) degeneration and promoted cell proliferation in the IDD model. CONCLUSION The present study suggested that Naru 3 pill might exert its therapeutic and antiapoptotic effects on IDD by delaying ECM degradation and promoting cell proliferation, which provides a new strategy for the treatment of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Guo
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jianmin Xue
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010010, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Haiyu Jia
- The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, NO.1 North Tongdao Road, Hohhot, 010030, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Xuejun Yang
- Peking University Cancer Hospital (Inner Mongolia Campus)/Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, NO.42 Zhaowuda Road, Hohhot, 010010, Inner Mongolia, China.
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Hadipour E, Emami SA, Tayarani‐Najaran N, Tayarani‐Najaran Z. Effects of sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) and bioactive compounds (sesamin and sesamolin) on inflammation and atherosclerosis: A review. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:3729-3757. [PMID: 37457142 PMCID: PMC10345702 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation, oxidative stress, obesity, infection, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes are the main causes of atherosclerosis, which in the long term lead to hardening of the arteries. In the current study, we reviewed recent findings of the mechanism of sesame and its active compounds of sesamin and sesamolin regulates on atherosclerosis. Sesame can decrease the lipid peroxidation and affect the enzymes, which control the balance of oxidative status in the body. Besides modulating the inflammatory cytokines, sesame regulates the main mediators of the signaling pathways in the process of inflammation, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nuclear factor kappa light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Sesame decreases the growth of different pathogens. It fights against obesity and helps to reduce weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and lipid count of serum and liver. In addition to lowering fasting blood sugar (FBS), it decreases the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and glucose levels and improves insulin function. With high content of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), sesame efficiently controls the blood plasma lipids and changes the lipid profile. In the case of hypertension, it maintains the health of endothelium through multiple mechanisms and conserves the response of the arteries to vasodilation. PUFA in sesame suppresses blood clotting and fibrinogen activity. All the mentioned properties combat atherosclerosis and hardening of blood vessels, which are detailed in the present review for sesame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hadipour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of GuilanRashtIran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Emami
- Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of PharmacyMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Niloufar Tayarani‐Najaran
- Department of Dental Prosthesis, School of DentistryMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Zahra Tayarani‐Najaran
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research CenterPharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
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Wan Y, Zhou Q, Zhao M, Hou T. Byproducts of Sesame Oil Extraction: Composition, Function, and Comprehensive Utilization. Foods 2023; 12:2383. [PMID: 37372594 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesame is principally used to generate oil, which is produced by chemical refining or pressing. Sesame meal, as a main byproduct of sesame oil extraction, is usually discarded, causing resource waste and economic loss. Sesame meal is rich in sesame protein and three types of sesame lignans (sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol). Sesame protein extracted via a physical method and an enzymic method has balanced amino acid composition and is an important protein source, and thus it is often added to animal feed and used as a human dietary supplement. Extracted sesame lignan exhibits multiple biological activities such as antihypertensive, anticancer, and cholesterol-lowering activities, and therefore it is used to improve the oxidative stability of oils. This review summarizes the extraction methods, functional activities, and comprehensive utilization of four active substances (sesame protein, sesamin, sesamolin, and sesamol) in sesame meal with the aim to provide theoretical guidance for the maximum utilization of sesame meal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Qiaoyun Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mengge Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518120, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
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Sun W, Shahrajabian MH. Therapeutic Potential of Phenolic Compounds in Medicinal Plants-Natural Health Products for Human Health. Molecules 2023; 28:1845. [PMID: 36838831 PMCID: PMC9960276 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are potential substitutes for bioactive agents in pharmaceutical and medicinal sections to promote human health and prevent and cure different diseases. The most common flavonoids found in nature are anthocyanins, flavones, flavanones, flavonols, flavanonols, isoflavones, and other sub-classes. The impacts of plant flavonoids and other phenolics on human health promoting and diseases curing and preventing are antioxidant effects, antibacterial impacts, cardioprotective effects, anticancer impacts, immune system promoting, anti-inflammatory effects, and skin protective effects from UV radiation. This work aims to provide an overview of phenolic compounds and flavonoids as potential and important sources of pharmaceutical and medical application according to recently published studies, as well as some interesting directions for future research. The keyword searches for flavonoids, phenolics, isoflavones, tannins, coumarins, lignans, quinones, xanthones, curcuminoids, stilbenes, cucurmin, phenylethanoids, and secoiridoids medicinal plant were performed by using Web of Science, Scopus, Google scholar, and PubMed. Phenolic acids contain a carboxylic acid group in addition to the basic phenolic structure and are mainly divided into hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids. Hydroxybenzoic acids are based on a C6-C1 skeleton and are often found bound to small organic acids, glycosyl moieties, or cell structural components. Common hydroxybenzoic acids include gallic, syringic, protocatechuic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, gentistic, and salicylic acids. Hydroxycinnamic acids are based on a C6-C3 skeleton and are also often bound to other molecules such as quinic acid and glucose. The main hydroxycinnamic acids are caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Sun
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13-4260-83836
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Shabbir MA, Mehak F, Khan MR, Ahmed W, Nawaz MF, Hassoun A, Bhat ZF, Aadil RM. Unraveling the role of natural functional oils in modulating osteoarthritis related complications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-21. [PMID: 36762672 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2176815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease and has been studied extensively in recent years as no promising therapy available so far for its treatment and remains a great challenge for health care specialists. Although the identification of some major mechanisms that contribute to this disease suggests a plethora of bioactive agents in tackling the associated complications yet OA's pathophysiology is still poorly understood owing to complex mechanistic changes observed. Experimental research is now exploring a wide range of therapeutically effective agents in an effort to find a way to repair OA-related joint degeneration and halt it from getting worse. Data was acquired and reviewed from most relevant and recent studies. This review summarizes the studies that are currently available and focuses on how various unconventional functional oils affect osteoarthritis and the affected joint tissues. An analysis of the recent scientific literature allowed us to highlight the potential anti-arthritic properties of edible oils and their main constituents, which seems to suggest an interesting new potential therapeutic application. Due to eccentric nature of OA, it is necessary to concentrate initially on the management of symptoms. The evidence supporting functional oils chondroprotective potential is still accumulating, underpinning a global need for more sustainable natural sources of treatment. More clinical research that focuses on the consequences of long-term treatment, possible negative effects, and epigenetic implications is necessary to get optimistic results. However, different animal or clinical studies suggest that linolenic and linoleic fatty acids decreased chondrocyte oxidative stress, cartilage breakdown, and expression of inflammatory markers. Distinct fatty acids along with minor components of oils also reduced the generation of prostaglandins and decreased oxidative stress. Furthermore, the potential roles of the main components of edible oils and possible negative results (if any) are also reported. While no severe side effects have been reported for any edible oils. Overall, these studies identify and support the use of functional oils as an adjuvant therapy for the management of OA and as a means of symptomatic alleviation for OA patients. However, to prove the effectiveness or to draw precise conclusions, high-quality clinical trials are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim Shabbir
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakiha Mehak
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Moazzam Rafiq Khan
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Waqar Ahmed
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Nawaz
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdo Hassoun
- Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMRt 1158 BioEcoAgro, USC ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Artois, Univ. Lille, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, Univ. Liège, Junia, France
- Sustainable AgriFoodtech Innovation & Research (SAFIR), Arras, France
| | - Zuhaib F Bhat
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, SKUAST-J, Jammu, J&K, India
| | - Rana Muhammad Aadil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Keratibumrungpong T, Srisuthtayanont W, Wanachewin O, Klangjorhor J, Phitak T, Pothacharoen P, Shwe TH, Kongtawelert P. Sesamin Attenuates VEGFA-Induced Angiogenesis via Inhibition of Src and FAK Signaling in Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane Model and Human Endothelial EA.hy926 Cells. Biomedicines 2023; 11. [PMID: 36672695 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sesamin, a major phytochemical in sesame seeds and oil, has been reported to have effects on physiological and pathological angiogenesis in several studies. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of sesamin's effect on angiogenesis are not understood well enough. This study aimed to investigate its effect on both physiological and pathological angiogenesis using the in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model and the in vitro human endothelial cell line, EA.hy926, model. Sesamin inhibited the VEGFA-induced pathological angiogenesis significantly, although no effect was seen on angiogenesis without induction. It reduced the formation of vascular branches in the VEGFA-treated CAMs and also the proliferation and migration of EA.hy926 endothelial cells induced by VEGFA. Sesamin impeded the VEGF-mediated activation of Src and FAK signaling proteins, which may be responsible for sesamin-mediated reduction of pathological angiogenesis. Moreover, the effect of sesamin on the expressions of angiogenesis-related genes was then investigated and it was found that both mRNA and protein expressions of Notch1, the key pathway in vascular development, induced by VEGFA, were significantly reduced by sesamin. Our results altogether suggested that sesamin, by inhibiting pathological angiogenesis, has the potential to be employed in the prevention or treatment of diseases with over-angiogenesis, such as cancers.
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Choommongkol V, Ruangsuriya J, Suttiarporn P, Punyodom W, Thapsukhon B. Polyester-releasing sesamin by electrospinning technique for the application of bone tissue engineering. Des Monomers Polym 2022; 25:231-244. [PMID: 35979198 PMCID: PMC9377240 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2022.2111857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesamin, a significant lignin compound isolated from sesame (Sesamum indicum Linn), is well known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and tissue growth promotion properties. Bioabsorbable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is also a well-known polymer applied to various fields of medicine as biomaterials. The main objective of this research was to produce a prototype material from PCL and sesamin by electrospinning technique for bone tissue engineering applications. Dichloromethane and dimethylformamide (7:3) mixture was used as the solvent system for fabrication of PCL nanofiber with different loads of sesamin concentrations (1–6 wt%). The crystallinity levels decreasing and the entrapment efficiency increasing (86.87%–93.97%) were observed while sesamin concentrations were increased. The infrared spectra of electrospun mats confirmed that sesamin corporated into fibrous networks. The sesamin-loaded PCL nanofibrous membranes showed a significant release of sesamin in the range of 1.28–8.16 μg/mL within 10 weeks. The release data were fitted to zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas models to evaluate sesamin-releasing mechanisms and kinetics. The releasing kinetics of sesamin followed the Fickian diffusion mechanism of Korsmeyer-Peppas (R2 = 0.99). In vitro experiments with an osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63) revealed cell attachment, biocompatibility, and promotion of bone marker expression, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were studied. The electrospun PCL nanofiber loaded with sesamin had the potential as a scaffold for sesamin delivery to bone cells and applications in biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vachira Choommongkol
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jetsada Ruangsuriya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Panawan Suttiarporn
- Faculty of Science, Energy and Environment, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Winita Punyodom
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Gambari L, Cellamare A, Grassi F, Grigolo B, Panciera A, Ruffilli A, Faldini C, Desando G. Overview of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Nociceptive Effects of Polyphenols to Halt Osteoarthritis: From Preclinical Studies to New Clinical Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415861. [PMID: 36555503 PMCID: PMC9779856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most multifactorial joint disorders in adults. It is characterized by degenerative and inflammatory processes that are responsible for joint destruction, pain and stiffness. Despite therapeutic advances, the search for alternative strategies to target inflammation and pain is still very challenging. In this regard, there is a growing body of evidence for the role of several bioactive dietary molecules (BDMs) in targeting inflammation and pain, with promising clinical results. BDMs may be valuable non-pharmaceutical solutions to treat and prevent the evolution of early OA to more severe phenotypes, overcoming the side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs. Among BDMs, polyphenols (PPs) are widely studied due to their abundance in several plants, together with their benefits in halting inflammation and pain. Despite their biological relevance, there are still many questionable aspects (biosafety, bioavailability, etc.) that hinder their clinical application. This review highlights the mechanisms of action and biological targets modulated by PPs, summarizes the data on their anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects in different preclinical in vitro and in vivo models of OA and underlines the gaps in the knowledge. Furthermore, this work reports the preliminary promising results of clinical studies on OA patients treated with PPs and discusses new perspectives to accelerate the translation of PPs treatment into the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Cellamare
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Panciera
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Ruffilli
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cesare Faldini
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Desando
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0516366803
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Lee YT, Yunus MHM, Ugusman A, Yazid MD. Natural Compounds Affecting Inflammatory Pathways of Osteoarthritis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1722. [PMID: 36139796 PMCID: PMC9495743 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis and chronic joint disease, affecting more than 240 million people worldwide. Although there are numerous advances in using drugs in treating OA, the use of natural compounds has aroused much interest among researchers due to their safety margin. Recent discovery shows that natural compounds play an extensive role in the oxidative stress signaling pathway in treating OA. Thus, this review summarizes the commonly used natural compounds for treating OA focusing on the oxidative stress signaling pathway and its downstream mediators. Selected databases—such as Scopus, Web of Science, Nature, and PubMed—were used to search for potentially relevant articles. The search is limited to the last 15 years and the search was completed using the Boolean operator’s guideline using the keywords of natural product AND oxidative stress AND osteoarthritis OR natural extract AND ROS AND degenerative arthritis OR natural plant AND free radicals AND degenerative joint disease. In total, 37 articles were selected for further review. Different downstream mechanisms of oxidative stress involved in the usage of natural compounds for OA treatment and anabolic and catabolic effects of natural compounds that exhibit chondroprotective effects have been discussed with the evidence of in vitro and in vivo trials in this review.
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Kongtawelert P, Kaewmool C, Phitak T, Phimphilai M, Pothacharoen P, Shwe TH. Sesamin protects against neurotoxicity via inhibition of microglial activation under high glucose circumstances through modulating p38 and JNK signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11296. [PMID: 35788665 PMCID: PMC9253356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), one of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, is implicated in the progression of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), in which microglial activation is a crucial mediator. Sesamin, a kind of phytochemical, shows inhibitory effects on microglial activation. The present study studied whether sesamin protects against neurotoxicity triggered by high glucose-induced microglial activation. We firstly demonstrated that high doses of glucose, which mimics hyperglycemia in DM, did induce the activation of murine BV2 microglial cells, increasing inflammatory responses such as the production of ROS or inflammatory mediators like IL-1β, TNF-⍺, and nitric oxide, through activation of p38 and JNK signaling pathways. Next, conditioned medium (CM) collected from high glucose-activated BV2 cell culture was used to show aggravated neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells, indicating that high glucose-activated microglia could induce neurotoxicity. Interestingly, pretreatment of BV2 cells with sesamin diminished high glucose-induced microglia activation and inflammatory responses. Moreover, neurotoxicity in PC12 cells was found to be decreased in the group treated with CM from the sesamin-pretreated BV2 cell culture, suggesting sesamin inhibited microglial activation, thereby protecting neurons from activated microglia-mediated neurotoxicity. Thus, sesamin might be a potential compound to use in the prevention of diabetic-induced NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachya Kongtawelert
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Chayanut Kaewmool
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Thanyaluck Phitak
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Mattabhorn Phimphilai
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Peraphan Pothacharoen
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Thuzar Hla Shwe
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
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Gao AX, Xia TC, Mak MS, Zhu KY, Dong TT, Tsim KW. A Herbal Mixture of Sesami Semen Nigrum and Longan Arillus Induces Neurite Outgrowth in Cultured Neurons and Shows Anti-Depression in Chronic Mild Stress-Induced Rats. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022; 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35754681 PMCID: PMC9225919 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8809546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal food homology is referring to a group of food itself being considered as herbal medicine without a boundary of usage. Under the guidance of this food/medicine principle, the current study aims to develop anti-depressant from this food/medicine catalog. The herbal mixture of Sesami Semen Nigrum and Longan Arillus was evaluated in cultured PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells, rat primary cortical neurons, and in chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced depressive rat model. The combination of two ethanolic extracts of Sesami Semen Nigrum and Longan Arillus in 1 : 1 ratio mimicked the function of nerve growth factor (NGF) and synergistically induced neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells. Besides, the expression and phosphorylation of tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA) of the cultured cells were also elevated. This neurotrophic activity of herbal mixture was further supported by the increased expressions of biomarkers for neurogenesis and synaptogenesis in cortical neurons. Moreover, the depressed rats were soothed by the intake of herbal mixture, showing improved performance in behavior tests, as well as reversed levels of neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors. Our results provide a new way to make full use of the current food/medicine resources, as to accelerate the development of therapeutics for depression.
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Koonrungsesomboon N, Churyen A, Teekachunhatean S, Sangdee C, Hanprasertpong N. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Thai Medicinal Plant-4 Cream versus Diclofenac Gel in the Management of Symptomatic Osteoarthritis of the Knee. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022; 2022:1-11. [PMID: 35733624 PMCID: PMC9208949 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8657000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis of the knee is a common degenerative musculoskeletal condition. Thai Medicinal Plant-4 (TMP-4) cream is made up of Garcinia mangostana peel, Sesamum indicum seeds, Glycine max (L.) Merr. seeds, and Centella asiatica leaves, all of which have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. The present study aimed at determining the efficacy and safety of TMP-4 cream versus diclofenac gel in the treatment of symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee. Methods A randomized-controlled trial was conducted to assess knee pain on a scale of 100 mm Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and other key metrics, including VAS knee stiffness, a modified 10-step stair climb test, a timed up and go test, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and safety outcomes, following administration of either TMP-4 cream or diclofenac gel for 4 weeks. Results A total of 199 patients with moderate knee pain intensity were randomly assigned to either TMP-4 cream or diclofenac gel (allocation ratio 1 : 1). The mean changes of VAS knee pain in the TMP-4 cream and diclofenac gel groups were −31.68 ± 14.18 mm and −31.09 ± 12.41 mm, respectively, (mean difference = −0.58, 95% confidence interval = −4.37–3.20, P=0.761). The upper limit of 95% confidence interval for the comparison between TMP-4 cream and diclofenac gel was within the predefined margin of 7 mm for noninferiority. The safety was comparable between the two interventions. Conclusions TMP-4 cream was noninferior to diclofenac gel in relieving osteoarthritic knee pain and may be considered as an alternative therapeutic option in the treatment of symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee.
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Sohel M, Islam MN, Hossain MA, Sultana T, Dutta A, Rahman MS, Aktar S, Islam K, Al Mamun A, Sahgal P. Pharmacological Properties to Pharmacological Insight of Sesamin in Breast Cancer Treatment: A Literature-Based Review Study. Int J Breast Cancer 2022; 2022:1-13. [PMID: 35223101 PMCID: PMC8872699 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2599689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of dietary phytochemical rather than conventional therapies to treat numerous cancers is now a well-known approach in medical science. Easily available and less toxic dietary phytochemicals present in plants should be introduced in the list of phytochemical-based treatment areas. Sesamin, a natural phytochemical, may be a promising chemopreventive agent aiming to manage breast cancer. In this study, we discussed the pharmacological properties of sesamin that determine its therapeutics opportunity to be used in breast cancer treatment and other diseases. Sesamin is available in medicinal plants, especially in Sesamum indicum, and is easily metabolized by the liver. To better understand the antibreast cancer consequence of sesamin, we postulate some putative pathways related to the antibreast cancer mechanism: (1) regulation of estrogen receptor (ER-α and ER-β) activities, (2) suppressing programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) overexpression, (3) growth factor receptor inhibition, and (4) some tyrosine kinase pathways. Targeting these pathways, sesamin can modulate cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, cell growth and viability, metastasis, angiogenesis, apoptosis, and oncogene inactivation in various in vitro and animal models. Although the actual tumor intrinsic signaling mechanism targeted by sesamin in cancer treatment is still unknown, this review summarized that this phytoestrogen suppressed NF-κB, STAT, MAPK, and PIK/AKT signaling pathways and activated some tumor suppressor protein in numerous breast cancer models. Cotreatment with γ-tocotrienol, conventional drugs, and several drug carriers systems increased the anticancer potentiality of sesamin. Furthermore, sesamin exhibited promising pharmacokinetics properties with less toxicity in the bodies. Overall, the shreds of evidence highlight that sesamin can be a potent candidate to design drugs against breast cancer. So, like other phytochemicals, sesamin can be consumed for better therapeutic advantages due to having the ability to target a plethora of molecular pathways until clinically trialed standard drugs are not available in pharma markets.
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Yang Z, Feng L, Wang H, Li Y, Lo JHT, Zhang X, Lu X, Wang Y, Lin S, Tortorella MD, Li G. DANCR Mediates the Rescuing Effects of Sesamin on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis Treatment via Orchestrating Osteogenesis and Osteoclastogenesis. Nutrients 2021; 13:4455. [PMID: 34960006 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the leading causes of bone fracture in postmenopausal women and in older men, osteoporosis worldwide is attracting more attention in recent decades. Osteoporosis is a common disease mainly resulting from an imbalance of bone formation and bone resorption. Pharmaceutically active compounds that both activate osteogenesis, while repressing osteoclastogenesis hold the potential of being therapeutic medications for osteoporosis treatment. In the present study, sesamin, a bioactive ingredient derived from the seed of Sesamum Indicum, was screened out from a bioactive compound library and shown to exhibit dual-regulating functions on these two processes. Sesamin was demonstrated to promote osteogenesis by upregulating Wnt/β-catenin, while repressing osteoclastogenesis via downregulating NF-κB signaling . Furthermore, DANCR was found to be the key regulator in sesamin-mediated bone formation and resorption . In an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic mouse model, sesamin could rescue OVX-induced bone loss and impairment. The increased serum level of DANCR caused by OVX was also downregulated upon sesamin treatment. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that sesamin plays a dual-functional role in both osteogenesis activation and osteoclastogenesis de-activation in a DANCR-dependent manner, suggesting that it may be a possible medication candidate for osteoporotic patients with elevated DNACR expression levels.
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Yargholi A, Najafi MH, Zareian MA, Hawkins J, Shirbeigi L, Ayati MH. The Effects of Sesame Consumption on Glycemic Control in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2021; 2021:2873534. [PMID: 34707665 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2873534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives In recent years, diabetes has become a global health problem that creates a tremendous economic burden for many countries. Clinical trials evaluating the hypoglycemic effects of sesame consumption have produced conflicting results. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of sesame as a popular natural herb on glycemic indices in adults. Methods The search for related articles in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library was conducted through May 2021. Results were reported as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using a random-effects model. Results A total of 605 studies were identified through online searching, and a total of eight RCTs representing 382 participants were included in this study. The meta-analyses revealed that sesame consumption significantly decreases serum fasting blood sugar (FBS): (WMD: −28.23 mg/dl; 95% CI (−39.16, −17.13), I2 = 97.6%; 95% CI (96, 98)), and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c): (WMD: −1.00%; 95% CI (−1.11, −0.88), I2 = 0%; 95% CI (0, 79)) as compared to the control group. Conclusion This study provides evidence of the hypoglycemic effects of sesame consumption, particularly in diabetic patients. Additional RCTs on sesame and its preparations should be conducted in different populations to increase generalizability.
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Pothacharoen P, Chaiwongsa R, Chanmee T, Insuan O, Wongwichai T, Janchai P, Vaithanomsat P. Bromelain Extract Exerts Antiarthritic Effects via Chondroprotection and the Suppression of TNF-α-Induced NF-κB and MAPK Signaling. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10112273. [PMID: 34834636 PMCID: PMC8625807 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Bromelain, a mixture of proteases in pineapple rhizome, has beneficial biological properties. Following absorption, the compound remains biologically active in mammalian blood and tissues. Bromelain has multiple clinical and therapeutic applications because of its anti-arthritic activities. Anti-inflammation is one of the putative therapeutic effects of bromelain on osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the molecular mechanisms in cartilage and synovial fibroblast has not been reported. Thus, in this study, interleukin (IL)-1β/oncostatin M-induced porcine cartilage and TNF-α-induced synovial fibroblast were used as the inflamed OA and RA models, respectively. The results demonstrated the chondroprotective effects of bromelain on cartilage degradation and the downregulation of inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8) expression in TNF-α-induced synovial fibroblasts by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK signaling. The evidence from this study supported and explained the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of bromelain on arthritis in animal models and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peraphan Pothacharoen
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.P.); (T.W.)
| | - Rujirek Chaiwongsa
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Theerawut Chanmee
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
| | - Orapin Insuan
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand;
- Unit of Excellence in Integrative Molecular Biomedicine, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Thanchanok Wongwichai
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.P.); (T.W.)
| | - Phornpimon Janchai
- Nanotechnology and Biotechnology Research Division, Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Pilanee Vaithanomsat
- Nanotechnology and Biotechnology Research Division, Kasetsart Agricultural and Agro-Industrial Product Improvement Institute (KAPI), Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
- Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart University, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-851885681
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Bai H, Yuan R, Zhang Z, Liu L, Wang X, Song X, Ma T, Tang J, Liu C, Gao L. Intra-articular Injection of Baicalein Inhibits Cartilage Catabolism and NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling in a Posttraumatic OA Model. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021; 2021:6116890. [PMID: 34512868 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6116890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Baicalein has been shown to have chondroprotective potential in vitro. However, its effect on disease modification in osteoarthritis (OA) is largely unknown. The present study is aimed at determining whether baicalein could slow the progression of OA and inhibit OA-related inflammation in a rat model of destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) and the underlying mechanisms. The rats subjected to DMM surgery were treated with baicalein (0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 μg/L, 50 μL, once a week) by intra-articular injection for 6 weeks. Dexamethasone (0.4 mg/mL, 50 μL, once a week) was used as a positive control. Histologic grading of cartilage degeneration was performed using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) recommended grading system (on a scale of 0-6). The expression levels of molecules associated with cartilage homeostasis and inflammatory cytokines were analyzed; moreover, the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and cartilage oxidative stress-associated molecules were determined. Baicalein treatment reduced the OARSI score and slowed OA disease progression in a dose-dependent manner within a certain range. Compared with DMM rats, intra-articular injection of baicalein led to (1) reduced levels of inflammatory mediates such as IL-1β and TNF-α, (2) reduced immunochemical staining of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5, (3) suppressed immunochemical staining loss of type II collagen, (4) reduced expression of cartilage degradation markers including CTX-II and COMP in urine, and (5) inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation rather than regulated expression of SOD, GSH, and MDA. In contrast to the administration of baicalein, dexamethasone injection showed similar effects to slow OA progression, while dexamethasone inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome partly through decreasing levels of SOD, GSH, and MDA. This study indicated that baicalein may have the potential for OA prevention and exerts anti-inflammatory effects partly via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation without affecting oxidative stress-associated molecules, and inhibition of cartilage catabolism enzymes in an OA rat model.
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Yang Q, Shen F, Zhang F, Bai X, Zhang Y, Zhang H. The combination of two natural medicines, Chuanxiong and Asarum: A review of the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities. Journal of Chemical Research 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/17475198211039130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine has been clinically used in China for many years, with experimental studies and clinical trials having demonstrated that it is safe and valid. Among many traditional natural medicines, Chuanxiong and Asarum have been proven to be effective in the treatment of relieving pain. Actually, as well as analgesic, they have common attributes, such as anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular benefits, and anticancer activities, with volatile oils being their major components. Furthermore, Chuanxiong and Asarum have been combined as drug pairs in the same prescription for thousands of years, with examples being Chuanxiong Chatiao San and Chuanxiongxixintang. More interestingly, their combination has better therapeutic effects on diseases than a single drug. After the combination of Chuanxiong and Asarum forms a blend, a series of changes take place in their chemical components, such as the contents of the main active ingredients, ferulic acid and ligustilide, increased significantly after this progress. At the same time, the pharmacological effects of the combination appearing to be more powerful, such as synergistic analgesic. This review focuses on the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Chuanxiong, Asarum, and Chuanxiong Asarum compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingcheng Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People’s Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Fangli Shen
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People’s Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, P.R. China
| | - Fengqin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, P.R. China
| | - Xue Bai
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, P.R. China
| | - Yanru Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, P.R. China
| | - Haizhu Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, P.R. China
- Western Yunnan Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ethnic Drug Engineering Center, Dali, P.R. China
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Udomruk S, Wudtiwai B, Hla Shwe T, Phitak T, Pothacharoen P, Phimphilai M, Kongtawelert P. Sesamin suppresses advanced glycation end products induced microglial reactivity using BV2 microglial cell line as a model. Brain Res Bull 2021; 172:190-202. [PMID: 33894297 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation-mediated microglial reactivity is a major process, which explains the increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) development in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), formed by hyperglycemic condition in diabetes, is characterized as an intermediary of brain injury with diabetes through induction of microglial reactivity. Here, we explored the effect of AGEs on microglial reactivity using BV2 as a model. The NF-κB, p38 and JNK pathways were found to be important mechanism in AGEs-induced BV2 microglial reactivity. NF-κB inhibitor (BAY-11-7082), p38 inhibitor (SB203580) and JNK inhibitor (SP600125) exhibited the potential inhibition of AGEs-induced NO production. We also found that the sesamin, a major lignan found in sesame seed oils, exerts an anti-inflammatory effect under AGEs-induced microglial reactivity via suppressing the phosphorylation of NF-κB, p38 and JNK pathways. Moreover, sesamin also ameliorated AGEs-induced-receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) expression. Taken together, sesamin may be a promising phytochemical compound to delay inflammatory progress by AGEs microglia function. Similarly, inhibition of AGEs-induced microglial reactivity might be potential therapeutic targets of neuroinflammation-based mechanisms in T2DM link progressive AD.
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Andargie M, Vinas M, Rathgeb A, Möller E, Karlovsky P. Lignans of Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.): A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2021; 26:883. [PMID: 33562414 PMCID: PMC7914952 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Major lignans of sesame sesamin and sesamolin are benzodioxol--substituted furofurans. Sesamol, sesaminol, its epimers, and episesamin are transformation products found in processed products. Synthetic routes to all lignans are known but only sesamol is synthesized industrially. Biosynthesis of furofuran lignans begins with the dimerization of coniferyl alcohol, followed by the formation of dioxoles, oxidation, and glycosylation. Most genes of the lignan pathway in sesame have been identified but the inheritance of lignan content is poorly understood. Health-promoting properties make lignans attractive components of functional food. Lignans enhance the efficiency of insecticides and possess antifeedant activity, but their biological function in plants remains hypothetical. In this work, extensive literature including historical texts is reviewed, controversial issues are critically examined, and errors perpetuated in literature are corrected. The following aspects are covered: chemical properties and transformations of lignans; analysis, purification, and total synthesis; occurrence in Seseamum indicum and related plants; biosynthesis and genetics; biological activities; health-promoting properties; and biological functions. Finally, the improvement of lignan content in sesame seeds by breeding and biotechnology and the potential of hairy roots for manufacturing lignans in vitro are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mebeaselassie Andargie
- Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Maria Vinas
- Centro para Investigaciones en Granos y Semillas (CIGRAS), University of Costa Rica, 2060 San Jose, Costa Rica;
| | - Anna Rathgeb
- Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Evelyn Möller
- Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Petr Karlovsky
- Molecular Phytopathology and Mycotoxin Research, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37073 Goettingen, Germany; (A.R.); (E.M.)
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Majdalawieh AF, Yousef SM, Abu-Yousef IA, Nasrallah GK. Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of sesamin: mechanisms of action and future directions. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5081-5112. [PMID: 33544009 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1881438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is associated with the development and progression of various disorders including atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and cancer. Sesamin, a fat-soluble lignan derived from Sesamum indicum seeds and oil, has received increased attention due to its wide array of pharmacological properties including its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential. To date, no review has been conducted to summarize or analyze the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory roles of sesamin. Herein, we provide a comprehensive review of experimental findings that were reported with regards to the ability of sesamin to modulate inflammation, cellular and humoral adaptive immune responses and Th1/Th2 paradigm. The potential influence of sesamin on the cytotoxic activity of NK cells against cancer cells is also highlighted. The molecular mechanisms and the signal transduction pathways underlying such effects are underscored. The metabolism, pharmacokinetics, absorption, tissue distribution and bioavailability of sesamin in different species, including humans, are reviewed. Moreover, we propose future preclinical and clinical investigations to further validate the potential preventive and/or therapeutic efficacy of sesamin against various immune-related and inflammatory conditions. We anticipate that sesamin may be employed in future therapeutic regimens to enhance the efficacy of treatment and dampen the adverse effects of synthetic chemical drugs currently used to alleviate immune-related and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin F Majdalawieh
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sarah M Yousef
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Imad A Abu-Yousef
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Liu Y, Wu Q, Xia Z, Wu Y, Li Y, Gong Z. Simultaneous and rapid determination of sesamin and sesamolin in sesame oils using excitation-emission matrix fluorescence coupled with self-weighted alternating trilinear decomposition. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:4418-4424. [PMID: 32388871 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sesamin and sesamolin are two typical and important lignans isolated from sesame oil. Various studies have shown the bioactivity, physiological activity, and potential health benefits of the two components. In this study, a rapid method for the simultaneous determination of sesamin and sesamolin in sesame oils was proposed. The excitation-emission fluorescence spectra of the oils were obtained after a simple pretreatment, then self-weighted alternating trilinear decomposition was used to extract the quantitative information from the very overlapping spectra. RESULTS It was found that reasonable quantification results could be obtained with the limits of detection for the two lignans. These limits were 0.05 mg/g and 0.24 mg/g, and the limits of quantitation were 0.14 mg/g and 0.74 mg/g, respectively. The average recoveries for sesamin and sesamolin were 99.05% and 94.97%. CONCLUSION The results indicate that, with simple sample pretreatment, the application for combining excitation-emission fluorescence spectra and self-weighted alternating trilinear decomposition can be a useful and sensitive tool for the determination of lignans in sesame oil. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products (Wuhan Polytechnic University), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Xia
- Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products (Wuhan Polytechnic University), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products (Wuhan Polytechnic University), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil (Wuhan Polytechnic University), Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products (Wuhan Polytechnic University), College of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
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Udomruk S, Kaewmool C, Phitak T, Pothacharoen P, Kongtawelert P. Sesamin Promotes Neurite Outgrowth under Insufficient Nerve Growth Factor Condition in PC12 Cells through ERK1/2 Pathway and SIRT1 Modulation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020; 2020:9145458. [PMID: 32308720 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9145458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The promotion of neurogenesis can be a promising strategy to improve and restore neuronal function in neurodegenerative diseases. Nerve growth factor (NGF) plays a key role in neurite outgrowth and synaptic formation during brain repair stage. Nowadays, there are several studies on the developing methods to enhance the endogenous NGF activity for treatment and restore the neuronal function. In this study, the potentiating effect of sesamin, a major lignan in sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum) and oil, on NGF-induced neurogenesis and its involved mechanisms were firstly reported. Sesamin effectively enhanced the PC12 neuron-like cell differentiation and neurite length under insufficient conditions of NGF. The neuronal markers including synaptophysin and growth-associated protein-43 along with the synaptic connections were significantly increased in combination treatment between sesamin and NGF. Moreover, sesamin also increased the level of phospho-ERK1/2 and SIRT1 protein, an important regulatory protein of the neurogenesis process. The neurogenesis was blocked by the specific SIRT1 inhibitor, JGB1741, suggesting that the neuritogenic effect of sesamin was associated with SIRT1 protein modulation. Taken together, the potentiating effect of sesamin on NGF-induced neurogenesis in this finding could be used for alternative treatment in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.
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Wauquier F, Mevel E, Krisa S, Richard T, Valls J, Hornedo-Ortega R, Granel H, Boutin-Wittrant L, Urban N, Berger J, Descamps S, Guicheux J, Vinatier CS, Beck L, Meunier N, Blot A, Wittrant Y. Chondroprotective Properties of Human-Enriched Serum Following Polyphenol Extract Absorption: Results from an Exploratory Clinical Trial. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11123071. [PMID: 31888255 PMCID: PMC6950735 DOI: 10.3390/nu11123071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are widely acknowledged for their health benefits, especially for the prevention of inflammatory and age-related diseases. We previously demonstrated that hydroxytyrosol (HT) and procyanidins (PCy), alone or in combination, drive preventive anti-osteoathritic effects in vivo. However, the lack of sufficient clinical evidences on the relationship between dietary phytochemicals and osteoarthritis remains. In this light, we investigated in humans the potential osteoarticular benefit of a grapeseed and olive extract (OPCO) characterized for its hydroxytyrosol (HT) and procyanidins (PCy) content. We first validated, in vitro, the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective properties of the extract on primary cultured human articular chondrocytes stimulated by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 β). The sparing effect involved a molecular mechanism dependent on the nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. To confirm the clinical relevance of such a nutritional strategy, we designed an innovative clinical approach taking into account the metabolites that are formed during the digestion process and that appear in circulation after the ingestion of the OPCO extract. Blood samples from volunteers were collected following ingestion, absorption, and metabolization of the extract and then were processed and applied on human primary chondrocyte cultures. This original ex vivo methodology confirmed at a clinical level the chondroprotective properties previously observed in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Wauquier
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRA, UNH, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (F.W.); (H.G.); (L.B.-W.)
| | - Elsa Mevel
- Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France; (E.M.); (J.G.); (C.S.V.); (L.B.)
- UFR Odontologie, Université de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France
| | - Stephanie Krisa
- UR Oenologie, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, IPB4, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (S.K.); (T.R.); (J.V.); (R.H.-O.)
| | - Tristan Richard
- UR Oenologie, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, IPB4, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (S.K.); (T.R.); (J.V.); (R.H.-O.)
| | - Josep Valls
- UR Oenologie, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, IPB4, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (S.K.); (T.R.); (J.V.); (R.H.-O.)
| | - Ruth Hornedo-Ortega
- UR Oenologie, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, EA 4577, USC 1366 INRA, IPB4, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (S.K.); (T.R.); (J.V.); (R.H.-O.)
| | - Henri Granel
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRA, UNH, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (F.W.); (H.G.); (L.B.-W.)
- INRAE, UMR 1019, UNH, 63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, France
| | - Line Boutin-Wittrant
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRA, UNH, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (F.W.); (H.G.); (L.B.-W.)
| | - Nelly Urban
- Grap’sud/Inosud, 120 chemin de la regor, 30360 Cruviers-Lascours, France;
| | - Juliette Berger
- CRB Auvergne, Hématologie Biologique, Equipe d’Accueil 7453 CHELTER, CHU Estaing, 1 place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Stéphane Descamps
- Orthopedics department, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - Jérôme Guicheux
- Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France; (E.M.); (J.G.); (C.S.V.); (L.B.)
- UFR Odontologie, Université de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France
- Rhumatology department, CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, F-44042 Nantes, France
| | - Claire S. Vinatier
- Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France; (E.M.); (J.G.); (C.S.V.); (L.B.)
- UFR Odontologie, Université de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France
- Rhumatology department, CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, F-44042 Nantes, France
| | - Laurent Beck
- Inserm, UMR 1229, RMeS, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, Université de Nantes, ONIRIS, F-44042 Nantes, France; (E.M.); (J.G.); (C.S.V.); (L.B.)
- UFR Odontologie, Université de Nantes, F-44042 Nantes, France
- Rhumatology department, CHU Nantes, PHU4 OTONN, F-44042 Nantes, France
| | - Nathalie Meunier
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, 58 rue Montalembert, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Adeline Blot
- CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, 58 rue Montalembert, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (N.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Yohann Wittrant
- Clermont Auvergne University, INRA, UNH, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (F.W.); (H.G.); (L.B.-W.)
- INRAE, UMR 1019, UNH, 63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)6-8229-7271
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Wu MS, Aquino LBB, Barbaza MYU, Hsieh CL, Castro-Cruz KA, Yang LL, Tsai PW. Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Properties of Bioactive Compounds from Sesamum indicum L.-A Review. Molecules 2019; 24:E4426. [PMID: 31817084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24244426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of foodstuff as natural medicines has already been established through studies demonstrating the pharmacological activities that they exhibit. Knowing the nutritional and pharmacological significance of foods enables the understanding of their role against several diseases. Among the foods that can potentially be considered as medicine, is sesame or Sesamum indicum L., which is part of the Pedaliaceae family and is composed of its lignans such as sesamin, sesamol, sesaminol and sesamolin. Its lignans have been widely studied and are known to possess antiaging, anticancer, antidiabetes, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Modern chronic diseases, which can transform into clinical diseases, are potential targets of these lignans. The prime example of chronic diseases is rheumatic inflammatory diseases, which affect the support structures and the organs of the body and can also develop into malignancies. In line with this, studies emphasizing the anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of sesame have been discussed in this review.
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Askari A, Ravansalar SA, Naghizadeh MM, Mosavat SH, Khodadoost M, Jazani AM, Hashempur MH. The efficacy of topical sesame oil in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized double-blinded active-controlled non-inferiority clinical trial. Complement Ther Med 2019; 47:102183. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Sirikaew N, Chomdej S, Tangyuenyong S, Tangjitjaroen W, Somgird C, Thitaram C, Ongchai S. Proinflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharides up regulate MMP-3 and MMP-13 production in Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) chondrocytes: attenuation by anti-arthritic agents. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:419. [PMID: 31752879 PMCID: PMC6873576 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common form of arthritic disease, results from destruction of joint cartilage and underlying bone. It affects animals, including Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in captivity, leading to joint pain and lameness. However, publications regarding OA pathogenesis in this animal are still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and oncostatin M (OSM), known mediators of OA pathogenesis, and lipopolysaccharides on the expression of cartilaginous degrading enzymes, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13, in elephant articular chondrocytes (ELACs) cultures. Anti-arthritic drugs and the active compounds of herbal plants were tested for their potential attenuation against overproduction of these enzymes. Results Among the used cytokines, OSM showed the highest activation of MMP3 and MMP13 expression, especially when combined with IL-1β. The combination of IL-1β and OSM was found to activate phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in ELACs. Lipopolysaccharides or cytokine-induced expressions were suppressed by pharmacologic agents used to treat OA, including dexamethasone, indomethacin, etoricoxib, and diacerein, and by three natural compounds, sesamin, andrographolide, and vanillylacetone. Conclusions Our results revealed the cellular mechanisms underlying OA in elephant chondrocytes, which is triggered by proinflammatory cytokines or lipopolysaccharides and suppressed by common pharmacological or natural medications used to treat human OA. These results provide a more basic understanding of the pathogenesis of elephant OA, which could be useful for adequate medical treatment of OA in this animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nutnicha Sirikaew
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intrawarorot Rd., Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriwadee Chomdej
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriwan Tangyuenyong
- Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
| | - Weerapongse Tangjitjaroen
- Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
| | - Chaleamchat Somgird
- Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
| | - Chatchote Thitaram
- Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
| | - Siriwan Ongchai
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intrawarorot Rd., Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Bai X, Gou X, Cai P, Xu C, Cao L, Zhao Z, Huang M, Jin J. Sesamin Enhances Nrf2-Mediated Protective Defense against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Colitis via AKT and ERK Activation. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019; 2019:2432416. [PMID: 31534619 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2432416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a major form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with high incidence and prevalence in many countries. Patients with UC usually suffer from a lifetime of debilitating physical symptoms. Therefore, developing effective therapeutic strategy that can manage this disease better and improve patients' life quality is in urgent need. Sesamin (SSM) is a lignan derived from sesame seeds. In this study, the protective effect of SSM against UC and the underlying mechanism were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Our data showed that SSM protected Caco-2 cells from H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury via GSH-mediated scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Dual luciferase reporter assay showed that the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was significantly increased by SSM, and the ability of SSM to activate Nrf2-targeted genes was further confirmed in Caco-2 cells using western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). In contrast, Nrf2 knockdown abolished the protective effect of SSM. Additionally, we found that SSM also activated advanced protein kinase B (AKT) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in Caco-2 cells, while either AKT or ERK inhibition can prevent SSM-mediated nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Furthermore, SSM displayed a better protective effect against dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced UC compared with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) in C57BL/6 mice. The enhanced Nrf2 signaling and activated AKT/ERK were also observed in the colon of mice after SSM administration. These results first demonstrate the protective effect of SSM against UC and indicate that the effect is associated with AKT/ERK activation and subsequent Nrf2 signaling enhancement. This study provides a new insight into the medicinal value of SSM and proposes it as a new natural nutrition for better managing the symptoms of UC.
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Abe-Kanoh N, Kunimoto Y, Takemoto D, Ono Y, Shibata H, Ohnishi K, Kawai Y. Sesamin Catechol Glucuronides Exert Anti-inflammatory Effects by Suppressing Interferon β and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression through Deconjugation in Macrophage-like J774.1 Cells. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:7640-7649. [PMID: 30951310 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b07227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sesamin, a representative sesame lignan, has health-promoting activities. Sesamin is converted into catechol derivatives and further into their glucuronides or sulfates in vivo, whereas the biological activities of sesamin metabolites remain unclear. We examined the inhibitory effects of sesamin metabolites on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in mouse macrophage-like J774.1 cells and found that a monocatechol derivative SC1, (7α,7'α,8α,8'α)-3,4-dihydroxy-3',4'-methylenedioxy-7,9':7',9-diepoxylignane, has a much higher activity than sesamin and other metabolites. The inhibitory effects of SC1 glucuronides were time-dependently enhanced, associated with the intracellular accumulation of SC1 and the methylated form. SC1 glucuronides and SC1 attenuated the expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and upstream interferon-β (IFN-β) in the LPS-stimulated macrophages. The inhibitory effects of SC1 glucuronides against NO production were canceled by the β-glucuronidase inhibitor and enhanced by the catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor. Our results suggest that SC1 glucuronides exert the anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the IFN-β/iNOS signaling through macrophage-mediated deconjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yumi Kunimoto
- Department of Food Science, School of Medical Nutrition , Tokushima University , Tokushima 770-8503 , Japan
| | - Daisuke Takemoto
- Institute for Health Care Science , Suntory Wellness, Limited , 8-1-1 Seikadai , Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284 , Japan
| | - Yoshiko Ono
- Institute for Health Care Science , Suntory Wellness, Limited , 8-1-1 Seikadai , Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284 , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Institute for Health Care Science , Suntory Wellness, Limited , 8-1-1 Seikadai , Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284 , Japan
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Wongwichai T, Teeyakasem P, Pruksakorn D, Kongtawelert P, Pothacharoen P. Anthocyanins and metabolites from purple rice inhibit IL-1β-induced matrix metalloproteinases expression in human articular chondrocytes through the NF-κB and ERK/MAPK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108610. [PMID: 30797145 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease, which is closely related to cartilage degradation. Anthocyanins, a natural flavonoid pigments, exhibit strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of anthocyanin on inflammatory response in OA has not been investigated. Our results showed that cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) and peonidin-3-O-glucoside (P3G), the main anthocyanins found in three Thai purple rice cultivars, attenuated the inhibition of porcine cartilage degradation in an experimental model. The effects of three Thai purple rice extracts were related to their high concentration of anthocyanins. Moreover, protocatechuic acid (PA), the main metabolite of anthocyanin, has chondroprotective potential by reducing glycosaminoglycans and collagen breakdown in IL-1β/OSM-induced porcine cartilage explants in long-term condition. The induction of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) caused by IL-1β-stimulated human chondrocytes was also attenuated by C3G, P3G, and their metabolites. Furthermore, C3G, P3G, and their metabolites pretreatment significantly inhibited IκBα degradation, the level of p-p65, and ERK/MAPK pathway. Additionally, PA pretreatment enhanced the phosphorylation of JNK in IL-1β-stimulated human chondrocytes. These findings indicated that anthocyanin in Thai purple rice exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in IL-1β-stimulated human chondrocytes by inhibiting NF-κB and ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tunchanok Wongwichai
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Pimpisa Teeyakasem
- Orthopedic Laboratory and Research Network (OLARN), Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- Orthopedic Laboratory and Research Network (OLARN), Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Prachya Kongtawelert
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Peraphan Pothacharoen
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Deng S, Zhou JL, Fang HS, Nie ZG, Chen S, Peng H. Sesamin Protects the Femoral Head From Osteonecrosis by Inhibiting ROS-Induced Osteoblast Apoptosis in Rat Model. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1787. [PMID: 30618801 PMCID: PMC6298420 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoids intake has become the most common pathogenic factor for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). Annually, tens of millions of patients suffer from pain related to ONFH. Researchers have proposed several underlying mechanisms of ONFH, including osteocyte apoptosis, cell differentiation disorder, and angiogenesis hindrance. Sesamin, isolated from Sesamum indicum seeds, was reported could affect osteocyte inflammation and differentiation in osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. We investigated the underlying influence of sesamin on ONFH rat model. Fifteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. The ONFH model group only received the methylprednisolone (MPS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection to promote the development of ONFH. The sesamin treatment group was injected with sesamin, MPS, and LPS. The control group was untreated. Rats from above groups were sacrificed 4 weeks later. The effect of sesamin on ONFH rats was validated by H&E staining. TUNEL staining showed that femoral head necrosis was attenuated by sesamin. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of Akt was increased and the downstream cellular apoptosis signal pathway was inhibited. Intracellular ROS level was decreased after sesamin treatment. In conclusion, our findings suggest that sesamin protects the femoral head from osteonecrosis by inhibiting ROS-induced osteoblast apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Deng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Lin Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Song Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Nie
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Udomruk S, Kaewmool C, Pothacharoen P, Phitak T, Kongtawelert P. Sesamin suppresses LPS-induced microglial activation via regulation of TLR4 expression. J Funct Foods 2018; 49:32-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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Phitak T, Boonmaleerat K, Pothacharoen P, Pruksakorn D, Kongtawelert P. Leptin alone and in combination with interleukin-1-beta induced cartilage degradation potentially inhibited by EPA and DHA. Connect Tissue Res 2018; 59:316-331. [PMID: 28956662 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2017.1385605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. Obesity has been believed to be an important risk factor for OA development and the progression of not only load-bearing joints, but low-load-bearing joints as well. Increased leptin has been the focus of a link between obesity and OA. In this study, the effects of pathological (100ng/ml) or supra-pathological (10μg/ml) concentrations of leptin alone or in combination with IL1β on cartilage metabolisms were studied in porcine cartilage explant. The involved mechanisms were examined in human articular chondrocytes (HACs). Moreover, the protective effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was also investigated. Leptin (10μg/ml) alone or in combination with IL1β could induce cartilage destruction, although lower concentrations had no effect. Leptin activated NFκB, ERK, JNK and p38 in HACs, which led to the induction of MMP3, MMP13 and ADAMTS4 secretions. The combined effect could further induce those enzymes through the additive effect on activation of NFκB and JNK. Interestingly, both EPA and DHA could inhibit cartilage damage induced by leptin plus IL1β by reducing the activation of NFκB and JNK, which led to the decrease of ADAMTS4 secretion. Altogether, only a supra-pathological concentration of leptin alone or in combination with IL1β could induce cartilage destruction, whereas a pathological one could not. This effect could be inhibited by EPA and DHA. To gain greater understanding of the link between leptin and OA, the effect of different levels of leptin on several states of OA cartilage requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanyaluck Phitak
- a Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Kanchanit Boonmaleerat
- a Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Peraphan Pothacharoen
- a Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- b Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
| | - Prachya Kongtawelert
- a Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Faculty of Medicine , Chiang Mai University , Chiang Mai , Thailand
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Zargaran A, Borhani-Haghighi A, Salehi-Marzijarani M, Faridi P, Daneshamouz S, Azadi A, Sadeghpour H, Sakhteman A, Mohagheghzadeh A. Evaluation of the effect of topical chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) oleogel as pain relief in migraine without aura: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Neurol Sci 2018; 39:1345-1353. [PMID: 29808331 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-018-3415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Phytotherapy is a source of finding new remedies for migraine. Traditional chamomile oil (chamomile extraction in sesame oil) is a formulation in Persian medicine (PM) for pain relief in migraine. An oleogel preparation of reformulated traditional chamomile oil was prepared and then standardized based on chamazulene (as a marker in essential oil) and apigenin via gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods, respectively. A crossover double-blind clinical trial was performed with 100 patients. Each patient took two tubes of drug and two tubes of placebo during the study. Visual analog scale (VAS) questionnaires were filled in by the patients and scores were given, ranging from 0 to 10 (based on the severity of pain) during 24 h. Other complications like nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia were also monitored. There was 4.48 ± 0.01 μl/ml of chamazulene and 0.233 mg/g of apigenin in the preparation (by correcting the amount with extraction ratio). Thirty-eight patients in the drug-placebo and 34 patients in the placebo-drug groups (a total number of 72 patients as per protocol) completed the process in the randomized controlled trial (RCT). Adapted results from the questionnaires showed that pain, nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia significantly (p < 0.001) decreased by using chamomile oleogel on the patients after 30 min. Results supported the efficacy of chamomile oleogel as a pain relief in migraine without aura.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Zargaran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, and Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Persian Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Borhani-Haghighi
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Neurology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Pouya Faridi
- Research Office for the History of Persian Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Daneshamouz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Azadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Sadeghpour
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sakhteman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolali Mohagheghzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, and Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. .,Research Office for the History of Persian Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Abstract
CONTEXT Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease resulting in physical disability and reduced quality of life. Different biochemical signaling pathways are involved in the progression of OA, including the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) signal transduction pathway. OBJECTIVE In this study, we have reviewed the recent updates on the association of JNK pathway with OA. METHODS In this review, we have explored the databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline, Scopus, etc., and collected the most relevant papers of JNK signaling pathway involved in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of OA Results: JNK has been shown by scientific studies to be activated (phosphorylated) in OA that can play a key role in the cartilage destruction. Activation of JNK causes the phosphorylation of c-Jun that causes decreased proteoglycan synthesis and enhanced production of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13). Overproduction of MMP-13 by chondrocytes plays a central role in cartilage degeneration in OA. Thus, targeting JNK pathway might be a promising therapeutic application for the prevention and treatment of OA. A number of JNK-inhibitors have been used in vitro and in vivo studies; however, not yet been translated into human use. CONCLUSIONS This review study indicates that JNK pathway plays an important role in development and progression of OA, and targeting the JNK pathway might be a potential approach for the treatment of OA in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xing Ge
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Second People's Hospital of Jingmen , Jingmen , China
| | - Fu-Man Zou
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Second People's Hospital of Jingmen , Jingmen , China
| | - Yan Li
- b Department of General Medicine , Second People's Hospital of Jingmen , Jingmen , China
| | - An-Min Liu
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Second People's Hospital of Jingmen , Jingmen , China
| | - Min Tu
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Second People's Hospital of Jingmen , Jingmen , China
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Khansai M, Phitak T, Klangjorhor J, Udomrak S, Fanhchaksai K, Pothacharoen P, Kongtawelert P. Effects of sesamin on primary human synovial fibroblasts and SW982 cell line induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha as a synovitis-like model. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17:532. [PMID: 29237438 PMCID: PMC5729244 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-2035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic synovitis, cartilage degradation and bone deformities. Synovitis is the term for inflammation of the synovial membrane, an early stage of RA. The pathogenesis of the disease occurs through cytokine induction. The major cytokine that increases the severity of RA is TNF-α. Thus, inhibition of the TNF-α cascade is an effective way to diminish the progression of the disease. We are interested in investigating the difference between primary human synovial fibroblast (hSF) cells and SW982 as synovitis models induced by TNF-α and in monitoring their responses to sesamin as an anti-inflammatory phytochemical. METHOD The designed experiments were performed in hSF cells or the SW982 cell line treated with 10 ng/ml TNF-α with or without 0.25, 0.5 or 1 μM sesamin. Subsequently, pro-inflammatory cytokine genes and proteins were measured in parallel with a study of associated signalling transduction involved in inflammatory processes, including NF-κB and MAPK pathways. RESULTS The results demonstrated that although hSF and SW982 cells responded to TNF-α induction in the same fashion, they reacted at different levels. TNF-α could induce IL-6, IL-8 and IL-1β in both cell types, but the levels in SW982 cells were much higher than in hSF cells. This characteristic was due to the different induction of MAPKs in each cell type. Both cell types reacted to sesamin in almost the same fashion. However, hSF cells were more sensitive to sesamin than SW982 cells in terms of the anti-RA effect. CONCLUSIONS The responses of TNF-α-induced hSF and SW982 were different at the signal transduction level. However, the two cell types showed almost the same reaction to sesamin treatment in terms of the end point of the response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manatsanan Khansai
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Thanyaluck Phitak
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jeerawan Klangjorhor
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sasimol Udomrak
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kanda Fanhchaksai
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Peraphan Pothacharoen
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Prachya Kongtawelert
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Majdalawieh AF, Massri M, Nasrallah GK. A comprehensive review on the anti-cancer properties and mechanisms of action of sesamin, a lignan in sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum). Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:512-521. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Wanachewin O, Pothacharoen P, Kongtawelert P, Phitak T. Inhibitory effects of sesamin on human osteoclastogenesis. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:1186-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0926-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Boonmaleerat K, Wanachewin O, Phitak T, Pothacharoen P, Kongtawelert P. Fish Collagen Hydrolysates Modulate Cartilage Metabolism. Cell Biochem Biophys 2017; 76:279-292. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-017-0817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Narakornsak S, Aungsuchawan S, Pothacharoen P, Markmee R, Tancharoen W, Laowanitwattana T, Thaojamnong C, Peerapapong L, Boonma N, Tasuya W, Keawdee J, Poovachiranon N. Sesamin encouraging effects on chondrogenic differentiation of human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Histochem 2017; 119:451-461. [PMID: 28499502 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, the most recognized musculoskeletal degenerative disease is osteoarthritis (OA). Sesamin, a major abundant lignan compound present in Sesamun Indicum Linn, has been described for its various pharmacological effects and health benefits. However, the promoting effects of sesamin on chondrogenic differentiation have not yet been observed. Herein, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sesamin on cell cytotoxicity and the potent supporting effects on chondrogenic differentiation of human amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAF-MSCs). The results indicated that sesamin was not toxic to hAF-MSCs after sesamin treatment. When treating the cells with a combination of sesamin and inducing factors, sesamin was able to up-regulate the expression level of specific genes which play an essential role during the cartilage development process, including SOX9, AGC, COL2A1, COL11A1, and COMP and also simultaneously promote the cartilage extracellular protein synthesis, aggrecan and type II collagen. Additionally, histological analysis revealed a high amount of accumulated sGAG staining inside the porous scaffold in the sesamin co-treating group. In conclusion, the results of this study have indicated that sesamin can be considered a chondrogenic inducing factor and a beneficial dietary supplement for cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suteera Narakornsak
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Sirinda Aungsuchawan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
| | - Peeraphan Pothacharoen
- Thailand Excellence Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine of Chiang Mai University, Intawarorose Road, Muang Chaing Mai, Thailand
| | - Runchana Markmee
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Waleephan Tancharoen
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Chawapon Thaojamnong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Lamaiporn Peerapapong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nonglak Boonma
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Witoon Tasuya
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Junjira Keawdee
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Naree Poovachiranon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Srisuthtayanont W, Pruksakorn D, Kongtawelert P, Pothacharoen P. Effects of sesamin on chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan synthesis induced by interleukin-1beta in human chondrocytes. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17:286. [PMID: 28569157 PMCID: PMC5452607 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1805-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have reported on the health benefits of sesamin, a major lignin found in sesame (S. indicum) seeds. Recently, sesamin was shown to have the ability to promote chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan synthesis in normal human chondrocytes. This study assesses the anti-inflammatory effect of sesamin on proteoglycans production in 3D chondrocyte cultures. Methods To evaluate the effects of sesamin on IL-1β-treated human articular chondrocytes (HAC) pellets, the pellets were pre-treated with IL-1β then cultured in the presence of various concentrations of sesamin for 21 days. During that period, the expression of IL-1β, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) content and Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) synthesis genes (ACAN, XT-1, XT-2, CHSY1 and ChPF) was measured. The GAGs accumulation in the extracellular matrix was determined on day 21 by histological analysis. Results There was clear evidence that sesamin upregulated expression of all the CSPGs synthesis genes, in contrast to the down-regulation of IL-1β expression both in genes and in protein levels. The level of release and matrix accumulation of GAGs in IL-1β pre-treated HAC pellets in the presence of sesamin was recovered. These results correlate with the histological examination which showed that sesamin enhanced matrix CSPGs accumulation. Conclusions Sesamin enhances CSPGs synthesis, suppresses IL-1β expression and ameliorates IL-1β induced inflammation in human chondrocytes. Sesamin could have therapeutic benefits for treating inflammation in osteoarthritis.
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Buddhachat K, Siengdee P, Chomdej S, Soontornvipart K, Nganvongpanit K. Effects of different omega-3 sources, fish oil, krill oil, and green-lipped mussel against cytokine-mediated canine cartilage degradation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2017; 53:448-457. [PMID: 28078500 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Our purpose was to evaluate the protective effect of three marine omega-3 sources, fish oil (FO), krill oil (KO), and green-lipped mussel (GLM) against cartilage degradation. Canine cartilage explants were stimulated with either 10 ng/mL interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or IL-1β/oncostatin M (10 ng/mL each) and then treated with various concentrations of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 3 and 30 μg/mL), FO, KO, or GLM (250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL) for 28 days. Gene expression was then investigated in primary canine chondrocytes. Our results showed that DHA and EPA as well as omega-3 sources could suppress matrix degradation in cytokine-induced cartilage explants by significantly reducing the increase of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (s-GAGs) and preserving uronic acid and hydroxyproline content (except GLM). These agents were not able to reduce IL-1β-induced IL1B and TNFA expression but were able to down-regulate the expression of the catabolic genes MMP1, MMP3, and MMP13 and up-regulate the anabolic genes AGG and COL2A1; FO and KO were especially effective. Our findings indicated that FO and KO were superior to GLM for their protective effect against proteoglycan and collagen degradation. Hence, FO and KO could serve as promising sources of chondroprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittisak Buddhachat
- Animal Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Puntita Siengdee
- Animal Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand
| | - Siriwadee Chomdej
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Kumpanart Soontornvipart
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Korakot Nganvongpanit
- Animal Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50100, Thailand.
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Taya S, Thumvijit T, Chewonarin T, Punvittayagul C, Wongpoomchai R. Effect of Spirogyra neglecta on the early stages of 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 27:110-7. [PMID: 27926538 DOI: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study focused on the chemopreventive effects of Spirogyra neglecta extract (SNE) and dried S. neglecta mixed diet on the early stages of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats. Male Wistar rats were injected with DMH to initiate aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation. In the initiation stage, SNE significantly decreased the number of ACF in the colon of DMH-treated rats. Rats that received a low dose of SNE showed enhanced activity of several detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes. In the postinitiation stage, a low dose of SNE significantly decreased the number of ACF in the colon of DMH-treated rats. It significantly reduced the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells and increased the number of apoptotic cells in colonic crypts. S. neglecta thus inhibited the development of the early stages of DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in rats by modulation of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and inhibition of cell proliferation as well as induction of apoptosis.
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Li L, Piao H, Zheng M, Jin Z, Zhao L, Yan G. Sesamin attenuates allergic airway inflammation through the suppression of nuclear factor-kappa B activation. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:4175-4181. [PMID: 28105144 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to determine the role of sesamin, the most abundant lignan in sesame seed oil, on the regulation of allergic airway inflammation in a murine asthma model. A BALB/c mouse model with allergic asthma was used to evaluate the effects of sesamin on nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine protein expression in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to examine histological changes. Moreover, western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of proteins in tissues. Prior to administering sesamin, the mice developed the following pathophysiological features of asthma: An increase in the number of inflammatory cells, increased levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13, decreased levels of interferon-γ in BAL fluids and lung tissues, increased immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in the serum and an increased activation of NF-κB in lung tissues. Following treatment with sesamin, the mice had evidently reduced peribronchiolar inflammation and airway inflammatory cell recruitment, inhibited production of several cytokines in BAL fluids and lung tissues, and decreased IgE levels. Following inhalation of ovalbumin, the administration of sesamin also inhibited the activation of NF-κB. In addition, sesamin administration reduced the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). The present study demonstrates that sesamin decreases the activation of NF-κB in order to attenuate allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of asthma, possibly via the regulation of phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. These observations provide an important molecular mechanism for the potential use of sesamin in preventing and/or treating asthma, as well as other airway inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangchang Li
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Piao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China
| | - Mingyu Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Zhewu Jin
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Liguang Zhao
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Guanghai Yan
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Yanbian University Medical College, Yanji, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
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