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Sun Y, Qi R, Wu Z, Zhang X, Niu J. The clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of 60 cutaneous glomus tumor: a retrospective case series study. An Bras Dermatol 2024; 99:238-243. [PMID: 38001018 PMCID: PMC10943268 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glomus Tumor (GT) are benign neoplasms that originate from mesenchymal cells. It presents as tenderness and cold allodynia in the digits, especially in the subungual region. There are a few studies that investigated the mechanism of pain. OBJECTIVES To analyze the clinical-pathologic characteristics of GT and to identify the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and CGRP in it, further, to explore the possible mechanism of pain. METHODS The clinical and pathological data of 60 GT patients were retrospectively analyzed. Tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and CGRP. RESULTS GT is more common in females and the ratio of male to was near to 1:2, mostly in middle-aged people. It often occurs in fingertips, especially the thumbs. Patients often present with spontaneous pain, tenderness, and cold hypersensitivity. Both the two pain mediators IL-1β and IL-6 were highly expressed in GT cells of patients with and without cold hypersensitivity. While CGRP was not expressed in GT. STUDY LIMITATIONS Low sample size and further research is needed to explore the specific mechanism. CONCLUSIONS IL-1β and IL-6 were highly expressed in GT cells, suggesting that IL-1β and IL-6 have certain nociceptive roles in GT. In the 4 patients with cold intolerance, the intensity of IL-1β and IL-6 staining was also strong, suggesting that they may not play a role in the cold hypersensitivity. However, since there are only 4 patients with cold intolerance, it's necessary to conduct further in-depth research using a larger sample size. The specific role of CGRP in GT has not been found yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehua Sun
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Ruiqun Qi
- Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education, NHC, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Immunodermatological Theranostics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ze Wu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Niu
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
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Kim ME, Lee JS, Kim TW, Park MH, Kim DH. FoxO6-Mediated TXNIP Induces Lipid Accumulation in the Liver through NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2024; 39:127-139. [PMID: 38417829 PMCID: PMC10901662 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Hepatic steatosis, which involves the excessive accumulation of lipid droplets in hepatocytes, presents a significant global health concern due to its association with obesity and metabolic disorders. Inflammation plays a crucial role in the progression of hepatic steatosis; however, the precise molecular mechanisms responsible for this process remain unknown. METHODS This study investigated the involvement of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and the forkhead box O6 (FoxO6) transcription factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis. We monitored the NLRP3 inflammasome and lipogenesis in mice overexpressing the constitutively active (CA)-FoxO6 allele and FoxO6-null mice. In an in vitro study, we administered palmitate to liver cells overexpressing CA-FoxO6 and measured changes in lipid metabolism. RESULTS We administered palmitate treatment to clarify the mechanisms through which FoxO6 activates cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β through the NLRP3 inflammasome. The initial experiments revealed that dephosphorylation led to palmitate-induced FoxO6 transcriptional activity. Further palmitate experiments showed increased expression of IL-1β and the hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome complex, including adaptor protein apoptotic speck protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) and pro-caspase-1. Furthermore, thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), a key regulator of cellular redox conditions upstream of the NLRP3 inflammasome, was induced by FoxO6 in the liver and HepG2 cells. CONCLUSION The findings of this study shed light on the molecular mechanisms underpinning the FoxO6-NLRP3 inflammasome axis in promoting inflammation and lipid accumulation in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Eun Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Chosun University College of Natural Science, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jun Sik Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Chosun University College of Natural Science, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Tae Won Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University College of Pharmacy, Busan, Korea
| | - Min Hi Park
- Department of Pharmacy, Kyungsung University College of Pharmacy, Busan, Korea
| | - Dae Hyun Kim
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Pusan National University College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Miryang, Korea
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Lovato BH, Fogagnolo L, Souza EMD, Silva LJBD, Velho PENF, Cintra ML, Teixeira F. IL-1β and IL-17 in cutaneous lupus erythematous skin biopsies: could immunohistochemicals indicate a tendency towards systemic involvement? An Bras Dermatol 2024; 99:66-71. [PMID: 37783618 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Only a fraction of patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) will eventually progress toward systemic disease (SLE). OBJECTIVE To find inflammatory biomarkers which could predict the progression of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) into systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using immunohistochemical (IHC) assays. METHODS Immunohistochemical markers for cytotoxic, inflammatory, and anti-inflammatory responses and morphometric methods were applied to routine paraffin sections of skin biopsies, taken from lesions of 59 patients with discoid lupus, subacute lupus, and lupus tumidus. For the diagnosis of SLE, patients were classified by both the American College of Rheumatology (ACR-82) and the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC-12) systems. RESULTS Skin samples from CLE/SLE+patients presented higher expression of IL-1β (ARC-82: p=0.024; SLICC-12: p=0.0143) and a significantly higher number of cells marked with granzyme B and perforin (ARC: p=0.0097; SLICC-12: p=0.0148). Biopsies from CLE/SLE- individuals had higher expression of IL-17 (ARC-82: p=0.0003; SLICC-12: p=0.0351) and presented a positive correlation between the density of granzyme A+and FoxP3+ cells (ARC-82: p=0.0257; SLICC-12: p=0.0285) and CD8+ cells (ARC-82: p=0.0075; SLICC-12: p=0.0102), as well as between granulysin-positive and CD8+ cells (ARC-82: p=0.0024; SLICC-12: p=0.0116). STUDY LIMITATIONS Patients were evaluated at a specific point in their evolution and according to the presence or not of systemic disease. The authors cannot predict how many more, from each group, would have evolved towards SLE in the following years. CONCLUSIONS In this cohort, immunohistochemical findings suggested that patients with a tendency to systemic disease will show strong reactivity for IL-1β, while those with purely cutaneous involvement will tend to express IL-17 more intensely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Hartung Lovato
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Leticia Fogagnolo
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Elemir Macedo de Souza
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Leticia Cintra
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Teixeira
- Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Mori T, Kataoka H, Into T. Effect of NLRP3 deficiency on cytotoxic and IL-1β-producing activities of synthetic candidalysin peptide. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:287-292. [PMID: 37659475 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Candidalysin (CL), a hydrophobic peptide toxin secreted by Candida albicans, is a key virulence factor that contributes to cytolysis, tissue damage, and immune activation. CL is thought to exert some of its biological activities, including IL-1β production, through the activation of the NLRP3-inflammasome pathway. To date, the mechanism by which CL affects human NLRP3 is not fully understood. We investigated specific activities of synthetic CL peptides using human-derived NLRP3-deficient cells. METHODS Two distinct synthetic CL peptide solutions were prepared: CLd, with CL completely solubilized as nanoparticles in dimethyl sulfoxide, and CLw, with CL partly solubilized in water, and including insoluble microparticles. THP-1 human monocytic cells and NLRP3-deficient THP-1 cells were differentiated into macrophages and stimulated with these peptide solutions. Cell membrane damage, lactate dehydrogenase release, IL-1β production, and caspase-1 activation in stimulated cells were subsequently evaluated. RESULTS Both CLd and CLw exhibited cytotoxic activities independent of NLRP3. Importantly, CLd induced IL-1β production and caspase-1 activation in an NLRP3-independent manner, whereas these activities in CLw-stimulated cells were entirely NLRP3-dependent, suggesting that the NLRP3-dependent response might be triggered by insoluble microparticles. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that inherent CL activities can cause cell damage and IL-1β production in an NLRP3-independent manner. Our research advances the elucidation of the role of NLRP3 in CL biological activity, underscoring the necessity for further exploration of the precise mechanisms underlying the NLRP3-independent effects of CL and providing novel insights into the complexity of host-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiki Mori
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Division of Oral Infections Health Sciences, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Hideo Kataoka
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Division of Oral Infections Health Sciences, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Takeshi Into
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Division of Oral Infections Health Sciences, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan.
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Altın A, Korkmaz MZ, Atak M, Mercantepe T, Yılmaz HK. Celastrol restricts experimental periodontitis related alveolar bone loss by suppressing inflammatory cytokine response. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2023; 13:44-50. [PMID: 38532834 PMCID: PMC10962540 DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth. The host defense mechanisms are responsible for inflamatuar and destructive reactions in periodontitis. Celastrol is one of the most promising components of the plant in Eastern and Southern China that has a long history of use in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Aim The aim of this animal study was to inspect the preventive or restrictive effects of celastrol on periodontitis-related inflammatory host response and alveolar bone loss. Methods 24 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups: control, experimental periodontitis (Ep), and experimental periodontitis-celastrol (Ep-Cel). Periodontitis was induced by placing ligatures sub-paramarginally around the mandibular first molars of the rats in the Ep and Ep-Cel groups and maintaining the ligatures for 15 days. For 14 days following the ligature placement, celastrol administration (1 mg/kg BW day) for the Ep-Cel group and vehicle injection for the control and Ep groups was carried out. At the end of the experiment, mandibula and gingiva samples were obtained after the euthanasia. Alveolar bone loss was measured on serial histological slices; Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-1β levels were measured on gingiva samples by ELISA. Results Systemic celastrol administration significantly restricted the alveolar bone loss that was higher in rats with periodontitis. (p < 0.05) Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-1β levels that were high in the gingiva of the rats with periodontitis were found significantly lower in rats administered celastrol. (p < 0.05). Conclusion Celastrol restricted periodontitis-related alveolar bone loss by suppressing the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Altın
- Istanbul Kent University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, İstanbul,
Turkey
| | - Meltem Zihni Korkmaz
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Rize,
Turkey
| | - Mehtap Atak
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Rize,
Turkey
| | - Tolga Mercantepe
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Rize,
Turkey
| | - Hülya Kılıç Yılmaz
- Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Rize,
Turkey
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Korhonen E, Piippo N, Hytti M, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. Cis-urocanic acid improves cell viability and suppresses inflammasome activation in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115790. [PMID: 37683842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common eye disease among the elderly, which can result in impaired vision and irreversible loss of vision. The majority of patients suffer from the dry (also known as the atrophic) form of the disease, which is completely lacking an effective treatment. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of cis-urocanic acid (cis-UCA) to protect human ARPE-19 cells from cell damage and inflammasome activation induced by UVB light. Urocanic acid is a molecule normally present in human epidermis. Its cis-form has recently been found to alleviate UVB-induced inflammasome activation in human corneal epithelial cells. Here, we observed that cis-UCA is well-tolerated also by human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells at a concentration of 100 μg/ml. Moreover, cis-UCA was cytoprotective and efficiently diminished the levels of mature IL-1β, IL-18, and cleaved caspase-1 in UVB-irradiated ARPE-19 cells. Interestingly, cis-UCA also reduced DNA damage, whereas its effect against ROS production was negligible. Collectively, cis-UCA protected ARPE-19 cells from UVB-induced phototoxicity and inflammasome activation. This study indicates that due to its beneficial properties of preserving cell viability and preventing inflammation, cis-UCA has potential in drug development of chronic ocular diseases, such as AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveliina Korhonen
- Immuno-Ophthalmology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Niina Piippo
- Immuno-Ophthalmology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Hytti
- Immuno-Ophthalmology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O.Box 100, FI-70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O.Box 100, FI-70029 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- Immuno-Ophthalmology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Altindal D, Alkan EA, Calisir M. Evaluation of the effectiveness of diode laser therapy in conjunction with nonsurgical treatment of peri-implantitis. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2023; 53:376-387. [PMID: 37038829 PMCID: PMC10627738 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2203140157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Peri-implantitis (PI) is an inflammatory condition associated with the destruction of bone tissue around a dental implant, and diode lasers can be used to treat this disease. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 940-nm diode laser for the nonsurgical treatment of PI. METHODS Twenty patients (8 women and 12 men) were enrolled in a split-mouth randomized controlled study. In the control group (CG), mechanical debridement with titanium curettes accompanied by airflow was performed around the implants. The test group (TG) was treated similarly, but with the use of a diode laser. Clinical measurements (plaque index, gingival index [GI], probing pocket depth [PPD], bleeding on probing [BOP], clinical attachment level, and interleukin-1β [IL-1β] in the peri-implant crevicular fluid) were evaluated and recorded at baseline and 3 months. IL-1β levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. RESULTS The symptoms were alleviated in both groups at 3 months as assessed through clinical measurements. GI, BOP, and PPD were significantly lower in the TG than in the CG (P<0.05). The IL-1β level increased post-treatment in both groups, but this increase was only statistically significant (P<0.05) in the CG. CONCLUSIONS The diode laser enabled improvements in clinical parameters in the peri-implant tissue. However, it did not reduce IL-1β levels after treatment. Further studies about the use of diode lasers in the treatment of PI will be necessary to evaluate the effects of diode lasers in PI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dicle Altindal
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey.
| | - Eylem Ayhan Alkan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Metin Calisir
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
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Ai J, Zhao F, Zhou X. HMGA1 Aggravates Oxidative Stress Injury and Inflammatory Responses in IL-1β-Induced Primary Chondrocytes through the JMJD3/ZEB1 Axis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2023; 184:279-290. [PMID: 36470235 DOI: 10.1159/000526680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is associated with oxidative stress injury (OSI) and inflammatory responses in chondrocytes. This study sought to explore the mechanism of high mobility group A1 (HMGA1) in interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)-induced OSI and inflammatory responses in primary chondrocytes. METHODS Primary chondrocytes were cultured and treated with IL-1β to establish an OA-cell model. Levels of HMGA1, Jumonji domain-containing 3 (JMJD3), and ZEB1 in cells were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Cell viability, contents of tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6, and IL-10, reactive oxygen species level, and glutathione peroxidase activity were assessed by the cell counting kit-8 assay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and assay kits. Enrichment levels of HMGA1 on the JMJD3 promoter and enrichment levels of JMJD3 and trimethylated histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3) on the ZEB1 promoter region were determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Functional rescue experiments were performed to analyze the impact of ZEB1 and JMJD3 on IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. RESULTS IL-1β treatment induced HMGA1 upregulation, OSI, and inflammatory responses in chondrocytes. HMGA1 downregulation reduced IL-1β-induced OSI and inflammatory responses in chondrocytes. Mechanically, HMGA1 was bound to the JMJD3 promoter to promote JMJD3 transcription, and JMJD3 induced demethylation of H3K27me3 on the ZEB1 promoter to promote ZEB1 transcription. Overexpression of JMJD3 or ZEB1 neutralized the protective role of silencing HMGA1 in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. CONCLUSION HMGA1 aggravated IL-1β-induced OSI and inflammatory responses in chondrocytes through the promotion of JMJD3 and ZEB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Ai
- Department of Orthopedics, 910 Hospital of PLA, Quanzhou, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, 910 Hospital of PLA, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, 910 Hospital of PLA, Quanzhou, China
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Özturk ÖH, Tacal AB, Eken BF, Agrali ÖB, Yildrim HS, Altunok EÇ, Ulucan K, Kuru L. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in IL-1A RS1800587, IL-1B RS1143634 and Vitamin D Receptor Rs731236 in Stage III Grade B/C Periodontitis. Balkan J Med Genet 2022; 25:51-60. [PMID: 36880040 DOI: 10.2478/bjmg-2022-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to determine the prevalence of interleukin (IL)-1A (rs1800587), IL-1B (rs1143634) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) (TaqI, rs731236) gene polymorphisms in the Turkish population and their association with Stage III Grade B/C periodontitis. Systemically and periodontally healthy individuals (N = 100) and Stage III Grade B/C periodontitis patients (N=100) based on clinical and radiographic examination were included in this research. Clinical attachment level, probing depth, bleeding on probing, plaque and gingival indices of the subjects were measured. Genotyping of IL-1A (rs1800587), IL-1B (rs1143634) and VDR (rs731236) polymorphisms was conducted by Real Time PCR. Allelic and genotypic distributions of IL-1A (rs1800587) gene polymorphism were not associated with periodontitis (p>0.05). In IL-1B (rs1143634) gene polymorphism, the C allele was detected more frequently in healthy individuals compared with the periodontitis patients (p=0.045). CC genotype and C allele in VDR (rs731236) gene polymorphism was higher in periodontitis patients (p=0.031, p=0.034, respectively). In comparison with Grade B periodontitis patients and healthy subjects, CC genotype and C allele were observed more frequently in the Grade B periodontitis in terms of alleles (C/T) and genotypes for VDR (rs731236) polymorphism (p=0.024, p=0.008, respectively). This study presents that the VDR (rs731236) polymorphism are associated with enhanced susceptibility to Stage III periodontitis in the Turkish population. Furthermore, VDR (rs731236) polymorphism may be used as an identification criteria to discriminate Grade B and Grade C in Stage III periodontitis.
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Faghfouri AH, Baradaran B, Khabbazi A, Abdoli Shadbad M, Papi S, Faghfuri E, Khajebishak Y, Rahmani S, Tolou Hayat P, Alipour B. Regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome by zinc supplementation in Behçet's disease patients: A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108825. [PMID: 35561480 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overproduction of NLRP3 inflammasome complex is one of the causes of Behcet's disease's (BD) auto-inflammatory nature. The aim of current study was to examine the effect of zinc supplementation on NLRP3 inflammasome expression; as well as clinical manifestations of BD. METHODS In this double-blind parallel placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial, 50 BD patients were randomly allocated into either zinc gluconate (30 mg/day elemental zinc) or placebo groups for 12 weeks. The mRNA expression of NLRP3 and caspase-1 in the leukocytes, serum level of zinc and IL-1β, anthropometric measures, and clinical manifestations of patients were collected at pre- and post-intervention phase. The Iranian Behçet's disease dynamic activity measure (IBDDAM) was scored to measure the treatment effect using the calculation of number needed to treat (NNT). Analysis of covariance was performed to obtain the corresponding effect sizes. RESULTS Zinc gluconate led to a significant improvement in genital ulcer (P = 0.019). Zinc supplementation decreased NLRP3 and caspase-1 genes expression compared with placebo group (baseline-adjusted P-value = 0.046 for NLRP3 and P-value = 0.003 for caspase-1), even after adjustment for the effect of confounding factors (baseline- and confounders-adjusted P-value = 0.032 for NLRP3 and P-value = 0.004 for caspase-1). Baseline and confounders adjusted effect size demonstrated that zinc was effective in reducing the serum level of IL-1β (P = 0.046). The NNT [95 %CI] for the rate of IBDDAM improvement was 3 [1.7-8.5]. CONCLUSIONS Zinc gluconate supplementation (30 mg/day) for a 3-month period can be considered as an adjuvant therapy in alleviating inflammation and genital ulcer among BD patients.
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Eskandari F, Salimi M, Hedayati M, Zardooz H. Maternal separation induced resilience to depression and spatial memory deficit despite intensifying hippocampal inflammatory responses to chronic social defeat stress in young adult male rats. Behav Brain Res 2022; 425:113810. [PMID: 35189174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Early life adversity has been suggested to affect neuroendocrine responses to subsequent stressors and accordingly vulnerability for behavioral disorders. This is the first work to study the effects of maternal separation (MS) stress on the co-occurrence of depression and cognitive impairments along with hippocampal inflammatory response under chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) in young adult male rats. During the first two postnatal weeks, the male pups were either exposed to MS or left undisturbed with their mothers (Std). Subsequently, starting on postnatal day 50, the animals of each group were either left undisturbed in the standard group housing (Con) or underwent CSDS for three weeks. Totally, there were four groups (n = 10/group), namely Std-Con, Ms-Con, Std-CSDS, and MS-CSDS. Pup retrieval test was performed on daily basis from PND1 to PND14. During the last week of the CSDS exposure, in the light phase, the behavioral tests and the retro-orbital blood sampling were performed to assess basal plasma corticosterone levels. Afterwards, the hippocampus of the animals was removed to measure the interleukin 1β (IL-1β) content. Exposure to CSDS increased the plasma corticosterone levels and induced social avoidance along with memory deficit. Maternal separation intensified hippocampal IL-1β contents as well as the plasma corticosterone levels in response to CSDS. Meanwhile, it facilitated the spatial learning and potentiated resilience to social avoidance and memory deficit. In conclusion, although maternal separation increased the basal plasma corticosterone levels, it could facilitate the learning process and induce resilience to the onset of depression and memory deficit in response to CSDS, probably through the compensatory increase in maternal care and the induction of mild hippocampal inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Eskandari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Salimi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homeira Zardooz
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Mishra P, Verma VK, Barman L, Sharma J, Gupta P, Mohan A, Arya DS. Correlation of serum amyloid A1 and interleukin-1beta in response to anti-tubercular therapy. Am J Med Sci 2022; 364:316-326. [PMID: 35452629 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2021.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host biomarkers are needed to monitor the response to anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) for ensuring effective therapy and preventing drug-resistant tuberculosis. We sought to find the correlation between the serum levels of SAA1 and IL-1beta in response to ATT in adult patients with pulmonary TB (PTB) or extra-pulmonary TB (EPTB). METHODS Blood samples of 32 patients with PTB and 28 patients with EPTB were analyzed. The blood samples were collected at baseline, two months and six months following treatment initiation. SAA1 and IL-1beta levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS In the PTB group, the mean levels of SAA1 decreased significantly (p <0.001) after the intensive phase (two months) and continuous phase (six months) of ATT in comparison with the baseline value. IL-1beta values also decreased significantly (p = 0.005) after the intensive phase (two months) compared with the baseline values. In the EPTB group, there was a significant reduction in the mean serum level of SAA1 (p <0.001) and IL-1beta (p = 0.001) after the intensive phase (two months) in comparison with the baseline value, whereas the reduction at six months was not significant. CONCLUSIONS SAA1 and IL-1beta may be useful potential treatment-monitoring biomarkers, especially in the intensive phase of therapy for both PTB and EPTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Vipin Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Lina Barman
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Jatin Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pooja Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Anant Mohan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Sleep Disorders, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
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Shi H, Qin Y, Tian Y, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang Z, Lv J. Interleukin-1beta triggers the expansion of circulating granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell subset dependent on Erk1/2 activation. Immunobiology 2021; 227:152165. [PMID: 34936966 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2021.152165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation contributes to cancer development and progression. Although interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) has been observed to be associated with an general immune suppression of T cell response and the immunosuppression strongly correlates with accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), the relationship and mechanism between MDSCs expansion and IL-1β expression remain ambiguous. Here, we showed that the concentration of IL-1β was highly correlated with G-MDSC subset, rather than mo-MDSC subset. Recombinant IL-1β increased the percentage of G-MDSCs in the blood of tumor-bearing mice, and IL-1Ra attenuated the accumulation of G-MDSCs in the tumor-bearing mice. In addition, the IL-1β-overexpressing B16F10 cells induced higher level of G-MDSCs compared with wild-type B16F10 cells. Moreover, we found that the accumulation of G-MDSCs induced by IL-1β was dependent on the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (Erk1/2). Collectively, these findings show a novel role of IL-1β in G-MDSCs accumulation by activating Erk1/2, which suggests that IL-1β elimination or Erk1/2 signaling blockade could decrease G-MDSCs generation and thereby improve host immunosurveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China.
| | - Yan Qin
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Yufeng Tian
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaan Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Image, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Lv
- Clinical Laboratory, The Rizhao People's Hospital Affiliated to Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China.
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Stranahan AM. Visceral adiposity, inflammation, and hippocampal function in obesity. Neuropharmacology 2021; 205:108920. [PMID: 34902347 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The 'apple-shaped' anatomical pattern that accompanies visceral adiposity increases risk for multiple chronic diseases, including conditions that impact the brain, such as diabetes and hypertension. However, distinguishing between the consequences of visceral obesity, as opposed to visceral adiposity-associated metabolic and cardiovascular pathologies, presents certain challenges. This review summarizes current literature on relationships between adipose tissue distribution and cognition in preclinical models and highlights unanswered questions surrounding the potential role of tissue- and cell type-specific insulin resistance in these effects. While gaps in knowledge persist related to insulin insensitivity and cognitive impairment in obesity, several recent studies suggest that cells of the neurovascular unit contribute to hippocampal synaptic dysfunction, and this review interprets those findings in the context of progressive metabolic dysfunction in the CNS. Signalling between cerebrovascular endothelial cells, astrocytes, microglia, and neurons has been linked with memory deficits in visceral obesity, and this article describes the cellular changes in each of these populations with respect to their role in amplification or diminution of peripheral signals. The picture emerging from these studies, while incomplete, implicates pro-inflammatory cytokines, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia in various stages of obesity-induced hippocampal dysfunction. As in the parable of the five blind wanderers holding different parts of an elephant, considerable work remains in order to assemble a model for the underlying mechanisms linking visceral adiposity with age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis M Stranahan
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1462 Laney Walker Blvd, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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15
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Chen H, Liu L, Li Y, Guo L, Sun D. Comparison of cytokine level changes in gingival crevicular fluid between the aligner and pendulum appliance during early molar distalization : A single-center, prospective, observational study. J Orofac Orthop 2021:10.1007/s00056-021-00359-2. [PMID: 34677622 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is currently a lack of evidence pertaining to gingival crevicular fluid cytokine levels in patients treated with the pendulum appliance. This study aimed to compare changes in cytokine secretion levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GFC) between the aligner and pendulum appliance in patients undergoing molar distalization. METHODS GFC samples were collected from 28 participants with asymmetrical dental class II malocclusion who were undergoing molar distalization using aligners or pendulum appliances. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect cytokine secretion levels during asymmetrical molar distalization for up to 14 days. Periodontal health indices and tooth movements were also assessed. RESULTS No significant difference was found for the distalization distance between the two appliances. The Silness and Loe Plaque Index and Lobene Modified Gingival Index increased in the pendulum group but not in the aligner group at 14 days. Interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor‑α were upregulated in both groups. In the pendulum group, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa‑Β ligand and osteoprotegerin secretion levels were significantly upregulated and downregulated, respectively; smaller changes in these two cytokines were observed in the aligner group. CONCLUSIONS Pendulum appliances exert stronger forces than aligners, which cause more changes in the secretion of inflammatory mediators in young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuhui Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyun Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Renhe Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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Ahn H, Lee H, Lee G, Park J, Sung HW, Lee E, Lee GS. Parabens disrupt non-canonical inflammasome activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108196. [PMID: 34601332 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parabens are synthetic chemicals widely used as preservatives in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods. Although parabens, i.e., ethyl- and methyl-parabens, are considered relatively safe, study of possible health hazards has been undertaken due to the frequent exposure to parabens and their accumulation in the body. In this study, we elucidated the effect of parabens on inflammasome induction of inflammatory responses in innate immunity, such as interleukin (IL)-1β maturation and gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediating pyroptosis. Parabens attenuated the inflammatory responses to intracellular lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggering of non-canonical (NC) inflammasome activation, but did not alter canonical inflammasome (i.e., NLRP3, NLRC4 and AIM2) responses. The NC inflammasome is assembled by the interaction of murine caspase (Casp)-11 (Casp4/5 in human) with cytosolic LPS, inducing endotoxin sepsis. Parabens selectively inhibited NC inflammasome activation in both human and murine macrophages and diminished the peritoneal IL-1β production in LPS-injected mice. Parabens blocked the cleavage of GSDMD, Casp1, and Casp4, but did not change the expression of Casp11 or the activity of Casp1. Taken together, the results indicate that parabens could disrupt Gram-negative pathogen infection through the inhibition of NC inflammasome activation.
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Bezirgan U, Karaca MO, Merter A, Ercan N, Basarir K, Ergün H, Yildiz HY. Steroid Injection and Biomarker Levels in the Treatment of Unicameral Bone Cysts: Can we Estimate the Result? Indian J Orthop 2021; 55:886-891. [PMID: 34194643 PMCID: PMC8192674 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-020-00330-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steroid injection is a common method in the treatment of unicameral bone cysts (UBC). In this study, the relationship between the clinical results and inflammatory molecules' levels in the cyst fluid was evaluated after three repeated steroid injections in UBC subjects. METHODS Twenty-one patients diagnosed with UBC were treated with methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) injections. Patients were given three injections, each containing MPA, 6-8 weeks apart. Plain radiographs were obtained and cyst healing was evaluated according to modified Neer classification. Cyst fluid samples were taken. Samples were taken at first and last operations and were studied using the ELISA method to examine IL-1β, PGE2, MMP-1, and VEGF-A levels. RESULTS There were 17 and 4 cases localized to the humerus and femur, respectively. The mean follow-up period was 36.9 months. Complete recovery was achieved in 13 patients (61.9%) receiving MPA. Four patients (19%) recovered with residual lesions. One patient (4.7%) did not respond to steroid injections at all. In three patients (14.2%) the cyst recurred. Results were satisfactory in 17 patients (80.9%) and totally unsuccessful in 4 patients (19%). IL-1β, PGE2, and MMP-1 levels in cyst fluid were not affected by injection (p > 0.05), but VEGF-A levels decreased significantly with cyst healing (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Steroid injection is a good choice in the treatment of UBC because of its less aggressive and relatively good outcome. It may be considered to evaluate the response to treatment by performing biomarker monitoring especially VEGF-A in repeated injections. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ugur Bezirgan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Onur Karaca
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Altindag, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Merter
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Altindag, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Niyazi Ercan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kerem Basarir
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Altindag, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Ergün
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Yusuf Yildiz
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Altindag, 06230 Ankara, Turkey
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Korhonen E, Hytti M, Piippo N, Kaarniranta K, Kauppinen A. Antimycin A-induced mitochondrial dysfunction regulates inflammasome signaling in human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Exp Eye Res 2021; 209:108687. [PMID: 34216617 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a severe retinal eye disease where dysfunctional mitochondria and damaged mitochondrial DNA in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) have been demonstrated to underlie the pathogenesis of this devastating disease. In the present study, we aimed to examine whether damaged mitochondria induce inflammasome activation in human RPE cells. Therefore, ARPE-19 cells were primed with IL-1α and exposed to the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III inhibitor, antimycin A. We found that antimycin A-induced mitochondrial dysfunction caused caspase-1-dependent inflammasome activation and subsequent production of mature IL-1β and IL-18 in human RPE cells. AIM2 and NLRP3 appeared to be the responsible inflammasome receptors upon antimycin A-induced mitochondrial damage. We aimed at verifying our findings using hESC-RPE cells but antimycin A was absorbed by melanin. Therefore, results were repeated on D407 RPE cell cultures. Antimycin A-induced mitochondrial and NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production occurred upstream of inflammasome activation, whereas K+ efflux was not required for inflammasome activation in antimycin A-treated human RPE cells. Collectively, our data emphasize that dysfunctional mitochondria regulate the assembly of inflammasome multiprotein complexes in the human RPE cells. The present study associates AIM2 with the pathogenesis of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveliina Korhonen
- Immuno-Ophthalmology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O.Box 720, FI-00029, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Maria Hytti
- Immuno-Ophthalmology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Niina Piippo
- Immuno-Ophthalmology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kai Kaarniranta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Ophthalmology, Kuopio University Hospital, P.O.Box 100, FI-70029, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anu Kauppinen
- Immuno-Ophthalmology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O.Box 1627, FI-70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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Bozkaya E, Canigur Bavbek N, Isler SC, Uraz A, Ilikci Sagkan R, Uzunok B, Yuksel S. Evaluation of heat shock protein 70 and toll-like receptor 4 expression in gingival crevicular fluid in response to orthodontic forces. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:6455-6464. [PMID: 34091792 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the concentrations of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) during orthodontic tooth movement and to compare their levels with interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a well-known proinflammatory biomarker. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study consisted of 20 patients (8 males, 12 females; mean age 14.75 ± 2.34 years) who needed maxillary premolar extraction and segmental canine distalization. Concentrations of HSP70, TLR4, and IL-1β were examined before extraction (T1), at the 1st (T2), 4th (T3), 7th (T4), 14th (T5), and 30th (T6) days of canine retraction by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis of gingival crevicular fluid samples. Statistical analyses were performed with repeated measure ANOVA and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis (p < 0.05). RESULTS HSP70 increased gradually from T1 to T6 and showed significant differences between T1-T6 and T2-T6 (T1:3.28 ± 0.92 ng/ml; T2:3.72 ± 0.66 ng/ml; T6:9.35 ± 2.45 ng/ml). The lowest TLR4 concentration was at T1, peaked at T3 and remained constant afterwards with significant differences between T1-T3, T1-T4, and T1-T6 (T1:0.71 ± 0.02 pg/ml; T3:1.04 ± 0.11 pg/ml; T4:0.95 ± 0.06 pg/ml; T6:1.00 ± 0.07 pg/ml). IL-1β increased from T1 to T6 with significant differences between T1-T4, T1-T5, and T1-T6 (T1:55.71 ± 5.48 pg/ml; T4:100.11 ± 16.92 pg/ml; T5:103.71 ± 23.19 pg/ml; T6:125.12 ± 22.04 pg/ml). The increase in HSP70 and TLR4 from T2-T3 showed a significant correlation (r = 0.598; p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS The increased levels of HSP70, TLR4, and IL-1β show the contribution of these mediators to the inflammatory response from the early stages of orthodontic tooth movement. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The regulation of HSP70, TLR4, and/or IL-1β secretion during orthodontic force application could provide alterations for desired optimal tooth movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Bozkaya
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, 8 Cd. 82.Sk. No 4 Emek, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Nehir Canigur Bavbek
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, 8 Cd. 82.Sk. No 4 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sila Cagri Isler
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahu Uraz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rahsan Ilikci Sagkan
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
| | - Baris Uzunok
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
| | - Sema Yuksel
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, 8 Cd. 82.Sk. No 4 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
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Wei Y, Zhao Z, Wang Z, Zhang K, Tang Z, Tao C. Relationships between IL-1β, TNF-α genetic polymorphisms and HBV infection: A meta-analytical study. Gene 2021; 791:145617. [PMID: 33775848 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-1β and TNF-α have been demonstrated as pro-inflammatory cytokines to participate in the innate immune response and suppression of HBV infection. However, the exact relationship between IL-1β, TNF-α gene polymorphisms and HBV infection remains unknown. Our study aims to assess the associations between IL-1β, TNF-α gene polymorphisms and HBV infection. METHODS A systematic literature search of PubMed and Embase databases was conducted through February 2020, and studies that were included in the present meta-analysis should fulfil the following conditions: (1) case-control studies focusing on the associations between IL-1β, TNF-α polymorphisms and HBV infection; (2) patients in the case group should be tested positive for the HBsAg and/or HBV-DNA without liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma; (3) the control group including healthy population or HBV spontaneous clearance population; (4) odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) could be calculated based on the allele and genotype frequencies provided in articles. The quality of included studies was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) assessment system. Pooled ORs and 95% CIs were used to analyze the strength of associations. Subgroup analysis was performed according to ethnicity and control type. RESULTS In the present meta-analysis, 49 articles including 10,218 cases and 9,557 controls were enrolled and seven polymorphisms (IL-1β rs16944, rs1143634, TNF-α rs1799724, rs1799964, rs1800629, rs1800630, rs361525) were studied. In overall meta-analysis, significant associations were found in IL-1β rs1143634, TNF-α rs1799724 and TNF-α rs1799964. For subgroup analysis under ethnicity, TNF-α rs1799724 and rs1800630 were markedly related to HBV infection in both Asian and Caucasian populations. In terms of control type subgroup, TNF-α rs1799724, rs1799964, rs1800630 were significantly associated with HBV persistence in HBV spontaneous clearance group. CONCLUSION In the present study, we identified that three polymorphisms (IL-1β rs1143634, TNF-α rs1799724, rs1799964) might serve as potential genetic biomarkers in HBV infection.
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21
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Shateri H, Manafi B, Tayebinia H, Karimi J, Khodadadi I. Imbalance in thioredoxin system activates NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with coronary artery disease. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1181-1191. [PMID: 33566225 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06208-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide and has in part an inflammatory basis. Since epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is in close contact with coronary arteries we hypothesized that an imbalance in thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) in EAT, activates NLRP3 inflammasome and promotes production of IL-1β, leading to the development of atherosclerosis. Thirty-eight patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and thirty patients with no clinical signs of atherosclerosis who underwent open-heart surgery for valve replacement were classified as CAD and control groups, respectively. Biopsy samples from EAT were collected and expression of TXNIP, TRX-1, NLRP3 and IL-1β genes were assessed using qRT-PCR. Tissue protein levels of TXNIP and TRX-1 were determined by Western blotting while ELISA was applied to measure IL-1β. Haematoxylin and eosin staining was used for histological examination. mRNA and protein levels of TXNIP in EAT were significantly higher in patients with CAD compared with control group, whereas CAD patients showed lower TRX-1 gene and protein expression. In addition, in CAD patients the NLRP3 gene expression was almost doubled and IL-1β significantly increased at the both mRNA and protein levels. Enhancment in NLRP3 gene expression and TXNIP protein levels were accompanied with the increase in IL-1β protein level whereas TRX-1 protein content showed a negative correlation with IL-1β level. Concurrent increase in TXNIP, NLRP3, and IL-1β suggests possible involvement of thioredoxin system in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, production of IL-1β, and the presence of inflammation in CAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Shateri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Babak Manafi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heidar Tayebinia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Jamshid Karimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Street, Hamadan, Iran.
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Li YS, Zhang XR, Yu MJ, Hu XH, Yang JC, Huang Y, Luo GX, He WF. [Study on mechanisms of interleukin-17A regulating the expressions of interleukin-1β and interleukin-23 in mouse keratinocytes]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2020; 36:923-9. [PMID: 33105944 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200619-00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the mechanisms of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) regulating the expressions of IL-1β and IL-23 in mouse keratinocytes (KCs). Methods: Primary KCs were isolated from the skin of 400 newborn male and female wild type C57BL/6 mice and cultured in 24-well plates with Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 medium containing fetal bovine serum in the volume fraction of 10% for the following experiments. (1) The cells were divided into phosphate buffer solution (PBS) control group and IL-17A stimulation group according to the random number table (the same grouping method below), which were cultured with 10 μL PBS or 10 μL IL-17A in the mass concentration of 100 ng/mL for 6 hours, respectively. The expression levels of IL-1β and IL-23 mRNA in cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), with 3 samples in each group. (2) The cells were divided into dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) control group, IL-17A+ DMSO group, IL-17A+ nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitor group, IL-17A+ signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor group, IL-17A+ extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) inhibitor group, IL-17A+ ERK2 inhibitor group, and IL-17A+ c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor group. The reagents were added to cells in corresponding groups respectively and cultured for 6 hours. The volume of each reagent was 10 μL, the mass concentration of IL-17A was 100 ng/mL, and the molarity concentrations of NF-κB, STAT3, ERK1, ERK2, JNK signal pathway inhibitors PDTC, S3I-201, SCH772984, SCH772984, SP600125 were 5 μmol/L, 100 μmol/L, 4 nmol/L, 1 nmol/L, and 10 μmol/L, respectively. The expression levels of IL-1β mRNA and IL-23 mRNA in cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR, with 3 samples in each group. (3) The cells were grouped and treated the same as those in experiment (1). The levels of NF-κB phosphorylation, STAT3 phosphorylation, ERK phosphorylation, and JNK phosphorylation were detected by Western blotting, with 3 samples in each group. Data were statistically analyzed with two-tailed Student t test, one-way analysis of variance, t test, and Bonferroni correction. Results: (1) After culture of 6 hours, compared with those in PBS control group, the expression levels of IL-1β and IL-23 mRNA in cells in IL-17A stimulation group were significantly increased (t=13.46, 6.72, P<0.01). (2) After culture of 6 hours, the expression levels of IL-1β and IL-23 mRNA in cells in DMSO control group, IL-17A+ DMSO group, IL-17A+ NF-κB inhibitor group, IL-17A+ STAT3 inhibitor group, IL-17A+ ERK1 inhibitor group, IL-17A+ ERK2 inhibitor group, and IL-17A+ JNK inhibitor group were 1.00±0.11, 4.01±0.32, 0.32±0.06, 1.76±0.43, 3.62±0.24, 3.80±0.43, 4.26±0.74 and 1.03±0.29, 4.08±0.34, 4.76±0.38, 4.70±0.21, 1.06±0.42, 0.92±0.21, 0.39±0.05, respectively. Compared with those in DMSO control group, the expression levels of IL-1β and IL-23 mRNA in cells in IL-17A+ DMSO group were significantly increased (t=9.24, 12.60, P<0.01). Compared with that in IL-17A+ DMSO group, the expression level of IL-1β mRNA was significantly decreased in cells in IL-17A+ NF-κB inhibitor group and IL-17A+ STAT3 inhibitor group (t=11.34, 6.91, P<0.01). Compared with that in IL-17A+ DMSO group, the expression level of IL-23 mRNA was significantly decreased in cells in IL-17A+ ERK1 inhibitor group, IL-17A+ ERK2 inhibitor group, and IL-17A+ JNK inhibitor group (t=12.44, 13.03, 15.21, P<0.01). (3) After culture of 6 hours, compared with those in PBS control group, the levels of NF-κB phosphorylation, STAT3 phosphorylation, ERK phosphorylation, and JNK phosphorylation in cells in IL-17A stimulation group were significantly increased. Conclusions: IL-17A promotes the transcription of IL-1β in mouse KCs through the phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT3 pathways and IL-23 through the phosphorylation of ERK and JNK pathways.
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Aydinyurt HS, Sancak T, Taskin C, Basbugan Y, Akinci L. Effects of ınjectable platelet-rich fibrin in experimental periodontitis in rats. Odontology 2021; 109:422-32. [PMID: 33068206 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) is an effective biological material that positively contributes to angiogenesis, wound healing, inflammation, regeneration processes, etc. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of i-PRF in rats with experimental periodontitis. Following the development of ligature-induced periodontitis, 24 Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups. Group-1: scaling and root planing (only-SRP); Group-2: SRP + i-PRF; Group-3: only- i-PRF. Heart blood from six donors was used for the i-PRF application. i-PRF was administered as a subgingival injection in the relevant groups on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th days. The tissues were evaluated histopathologically and immunohistochemically. Also, bone structures were examined using micro-CT. According to the data obtained, no statistically significant difference was observed among the groups in terms of bone resorption, inflammation, bone volume, bone levels (mesial/distal), and IL-1β, IFN-ɤ, TNF-α, VEGF values (p > 0.05). However, bone mineral density was statistically significantly different among the groups (Group3 > Group2 > Group1) (p < 0.0001). Subgingival injection of only-i-PRF showed promising results in periodontitis treatment but contribution to SRP has not been proved according to this study results. The study results suggested that the i-PRF application was as effective as SRP in reducing bone loss, modulating inflammatory process, and effecting cytokines in experimental periodontitis. The significant effect of i-PRF on bone mineral density was the most remarkable result.
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He X, Wang L, Zhou X, Xu L, Cao J, Wang R, Wang M, Xie G. Effect of Gubi prescription on caveolin-1 expression and phosphoinositide 3 kinase/protein kinase B and Fas signal pathways in rats with knee osteoarthritis. J TRADIT CHIN MED 2020; 40:224-235. [PMID: 32242388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of Gubi prescription on the expression of caveolin-1, and the phosphoinositide 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and Fas signal pathways in rats with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS Forty KOA model rats were established using a modification of Hulth's method. Rats were divided into five groups by the random number method: model, positive drug (Vicolli group), and high-, medium-, and low-dose Gubi prescription groups (n = 8/group). In the sham surgery group (n = 8), only anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments of rats were exposed during surgery. A normal group (n = 8) consisted of rats with no treatment. Rats were intragastrically administered corresponding drugs once every day for eight consecutive weeks. Then, rat synovial membranes were extracted and histomorphological changes were recorded. mRNA expression was measured by q-PCR. Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) levels were measured. Western blotting determined the effects of Gubi prescription on protein expressions of caveolin-1, Bax, Bcl-2, Fas, and caspase-3 in chondrocytes from KOA rats. The knee cartilage of rats was excised and cultured under aseptic conditions. After coincubation of chondrocytes with Gubi prescription-containing serum, IL-1β, and siRNA, Western blotting was used to determine the protein expressions of caveolin-1, Bax, Bcl-2, Fas, and caspase-3. RESULTS The morphological score of the articular synovium in the model group was significantly higher than in the normal group (P < 0.01). The morphological score in the high- and medium-dose Gubi prescription groups was lower than in the model group (P < 0.05). Chondrocytes from the decoction-containing serum group had a lower expression of Bax (P < 0.05), and higher expressions of Bcl-2 (P < 0.05) and caspase-3 (P < 0.05) compared with the model group. Chondrocytes in the decoction-containing serum group had higher expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 (P < 0.01) and lower expressions of caveolin-1 and Fas (P < 0.05) compared with the model group. Compared with the model group, Bax and caspase-3 expressions were reduced in the chondrocytes of all three Gubi prescription groups (P < 0.05) whereas Bcl-2 expression was increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the expressions of caveolin-1 and Fas (P < 0.05) were reduced in groups that received high- and medium-doses of Gubi prescription. Gubi prescription increased the serum level of SOD and significantly reduced those of MDA, NO and IL-1β (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Gubi prescription suppressed the chondrocyte-related PI3K/Akt and Fas signal pathways and inhibited the overexpression of caveolin-1 in rat chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin He
- Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Sports Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
- Department of Traumatology & Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xueping Zhou
- Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Luzhou Xu
- Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jing Cao
- Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Ruirui Wang
- Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Min Wang
- Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Guoqian Xie
- Rheumatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
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Aristizábal JF, Rios H, Rey D, Álvarez MA, Parra B, Ortiz M. Relationship between the polymorphism in the interleukin 1-β and the treatment time of patients subjected to a modified piezocision technique. Colomb Med (Cali) 2020; 51:e4141. [PMID: 32952230 PMCID: PMC7467119 DOI: 10.25100/cm.v51i1.4141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aimed to evaluate the correlation between the polymorphism of the interleukin 1-Beta (IL1-β, +3954 C>T) and tooth movement, in a group of Colombian patients undergoing surgically accelerated orthodontic tooth movement. Methods: The study was nested to a controlled clinical trial. Blood samples were taken from 11 women and 29 healthy Colombian male volunteers between 18 and 40 years old, after 1 year of starting orthodontic treatment. The patients presented malocclusion class I, with grade II or III. To detect the genetic polymorphism of the nucleotide +3954 C to T in the IL-1β gene, we used a real-time PCR assay. Results: Eleven individuals presented the allele 2 (T) heterozygous with the allele 1 (T/C) and 19 individuals were homozygous for the allele 1 (C/C). When analyzing the presence of the SNP, no significant differences were found in any of the variables. The best treatment was reflected in Group 3 (selective upper and lower alveolar decortication and 3D collagen matrix) and Group 4 (only selective alveolar decortication in the upper arch, with 3D collagen matrix), with 27% and 35% more speed respectively than in the control group. Conclusions: Our analyses indicated that a reduction in the total treatment time can be mostly potentiated by using decortication and collagen matrices and not for the presence of the allele 2 in the IL-1β. Nevertheless, it is important that further studies investigate if the polymorphism could be associated with the speed of tooth movement and analyze the baseline protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Fernando Aristizábal
- Universidad del Valle, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Odontología, Departamento de Ortodoncia, Cali. Colombia
| | - Héctor Rios
- University of Michigan, School of Dentistry, Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine. Michigan, USA
| | - Diego Rey
- Universidad CES, Facultad de Odontología, Departmento de Ortodoncia. Medellin, Colombia
| | - María Antonia Álvarez
- Universidad CES, Facultad de Odontología, Departmento de Ortodoncia. Medellin, Colombia
| | - Beatriz Parra
- Universidad del Valle, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Departamento de Microbiología. Cali. Colombia
| | - Mario Ortiz
- Universidad del Valle, Facultad de Salud, Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Departamento de Morfología, Cali. Colombia
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Kim J, Ahn H, Han BC, Shin H, Kim JC, Jung EM, Kim J, Yang H, Lee J, Kang SG, Lee SH, Lee GS. Obovatol inhibits NLRP3, AIM2, and non-canonical inflammasome activation. Phytomedicine 2019; 63:153019. [PMID: 31302317 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obovatol, a biphenolic chemical originating from Magnolia obovata, has been utilized as a traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Inflammasome induces maturation of inflammatory cytokines in response to intracellular danger signals, and its dysregulation induces inflammatory diseases. PURPOSE The effect of obovatol on inflammasome activation has not been reported, although its anti-inflammatory properties have been studied. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS Obovatol was treated to macrophages with inflammasome triggers, and secretions of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-18, and caspase-1 were measured as readouts of inflammasome activation. In addition, Asc pyroptosome formation, caspase-1 activity, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were analyzed in mechanical studies. Anti-inflammasome properties of obovatol were confirmed in an animal model. RESULTS Obovatol inhibited NLRP3, AIM2, and non-canonical inflammasomes through inhibition of Asc pyroptosome formation and mitochondrial ROS generation. In addition, obovatol disrupted the priming step of inflammasome activation and inhibited transcription of inflammatory cytokines. In mice, obovatol attenuated serum IL-1β elevation in response to monosodium urate crystals. CONCLUSION Obovatol is suggested as an inhibitor of NLRP3, AIM2, and non-canonical inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongeun Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Huijeong Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Cheol Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Korea Ginseng Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, 34337, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjung Shin
- Korea Ginseng Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, 34337, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Chul Kim
- Natural Products Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry and Molecular Biology College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeol Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Heejung Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyun Lee
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Goo Kang
- Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Lee
- Korea Ginseng Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, 34337, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Shik Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a type of multi-protein complex within the cell, the activation of which promotes the release of bioactive interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18 and contributes to inflammatory progress. In recent years, the research on the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis and development of ocular surface and fundus diseases has made considerable progress. This review summarizes current understanding in the structure, ocular expression, and mechanisms of activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, as well as the contribution of this protein complex to eye diseases, thereby revealing the theoretical possibility that NLRP3 inflammasome might serve as a novel therapeutic target for the related ocular diseases.(Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 396-400).
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Affiliation(s)
- Z X Gu
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University Eye Institute, Tianjin 300384, China
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Eras N, Daloglu FT, Çolak T, Guler M, Akbas E. The Correlation between IL-1β-C31T Gene Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2019; 22:210-218. [PMID: 31281724 PMCID: PMC6597413 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2019.22.e27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, has been shown to influence breast cancer susceptibility. The relationship between its risk of breast cancer and IL-1β-C31T polymorphism has been demonstrated, but the results remain controversial. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the correlation between the IL-1β-C31T gene polymorphism and susceptibility to breast cancer. Methods The genotype frequencies of IL-1β-C31T polymorphism were compared between 204 breast cancer cases and 210 controls using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism techinques. Further multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between IL-1β-C31T polymorphism and breast cancer risk. Results The frequency of the T allele of IL-1β-C31T polymorphism in breast cancer cases was significantly higher than that in the controls (56.1% vs. 47.9%). The frequencies of genotypes CC, CT, and TT in the cases were 22.1%, 43.6%, and 34.3%, respectively, while in the control group they were 24.3%, 55.7%, and 20.0%, respectively. There was a significant difference between the prevalence of TT genotype in the 2 groups (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–3.66; p = 0.014). Breast cancer risk increased in women with TT genotype, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.09–4.36), late age at first birth (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.29–4.56), postmenopausal status (OR, 3.15; 95% CI, 1.39–7.16), and negative smoking history (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.32–4.82). Furthermore, increase in breast cancer risk among women diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma was associated with CT/TT genotypes (OR, 2.82; 95% CI, 1.38–5.76). Conclusion The IL-1β-C31T polymorphism affects breast cancer susceptibility, especially in women with late age at first birth, high BMI, postmenopausal status, negative smoking history, and invasive ductal carcinoma. Our study adds to the evidence about the importance of IL-1β-C31T polymorphism in breast cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazan Eras
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | | | - Tahsin Çolak
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Guler
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Park Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Etem Akbas
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
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Wang HY, Zhao R, Ren H, Zou MJ, Zhang J, Zhang Y. [The expression and association of CD14(+) HLA-DR(Low/-) myeloid-derived suppressor cell-like cells and interleukin-1β in ovarian cancer]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 97:2663-9. [PMID: 28910953 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.34.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the percentage of CD14(+) HLA-DR(Low/-) myeloid-derived suppressor cell-like cell subtypes(MDSCs) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) concentration in peripheral blood and ascites of ovarian cancer patients, and to explore their association with clinicopathological characteristics. Methods: Blood samples of 31 patients and ascites of 5 patients in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 2016 to December 2016 were collected. Blood samples of 20 healthy volunteers with matched age were collected as control. The percentages of CD14(+) HLA-DR(Low/-) cell subtypes in CD14(+) monocytes were collected by flow cytometry and their phenotypes were analyzed. qRT-PCR was used to analyze the expression of immunosuppression factors in this subtype. ELISA was used to analyze IL-1β concentration in peripheral blood and ascites of ovarian cancer patients and healthy controls. The correlation between CD14(+) HLA-DR(Low/-) cell percentage and IL-1β concentration was explored. The association between CD14(+) HLA-DR(Low/-) cell percentage, IL-1β concentration and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Results: The percentage of CD14(+) HLA-DR(Low/-) cells in CD14(+) monocytes of peripheral blood of healthy controls was (2.30±0.49)%, and the percentage in ovarian cancer patients was (3.74±0.95)%, with statistical significance (t=6.96, P<0.01). This cell subset showed similar phenotypes and factor expression with monocytic MDSCs. The percentage of CD14(+) HLA-DR(Low/-) cells in peripheral blood ascites of ovarian cancer patients was (16.60±7.35)%, significantly higher than those in peripheral bloods (4.03±0.94)%(t=3.87, P<0.05). The concentration of IL-1β in peripheral blood of healthy controls was[3.88(0.41, 7.07)]ng/L, and the concentration in ovarian cancer patients was (12.77±3.52) ng/L, with statistical significance (Z=-4.93, P<0.01). IL-1β concentration in ascites of ovarian cancer patients was (62.17±23.05) ng/L, significantly higher than that in peripheral bloods (12.65±3.93) ng/L(t=5.20, P<0.01). IL-1β concentration was correlated with CD14(+) HLA-DR(Low/-) cell percentage in ovarian cancer patients (R(2)=0.36 in peripheral blood, P<0.01; R(2)=0.68 in ascites, P<0.05), but not in healthy controls (R(2)=0.02, P>0.05). The percentage of CD14(+) HLA-DR(Low/-) cells and IL-1β concentration were associated with metastasis and FIGO stage of ovarian cancer. Conclusion: The elevated percentage of CD14(+) HLA-DR(Low/-) cells and IL-1β concentration might involve in the development of ovarian cancer.
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Kwilasz AJ, Green Fulgham SM, Ellis A, Patel HP, Duran-Malle JC, Favret J, Harvey LO Jr, Rieger J, Maier SF, Watkins LR. A single peri-sciatic nerve administration of the adenosine 2A receptor agonist ATL313 produces long-lasting anti-allodynia and anti-inflammatory effects in male rats. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 76:116-25. [PMID: 30453021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a widespread problem which remains poorly managed by currently available therapeutics. Peripheral nerve injury and inflammation leads to changes at the nerve injury site, including activation of resident and recruited peripheral immune cells, that lead to neuronal central sensitization and pain amplification. The present series of studies tested the effects of peri-sciatic nerve delivery of single doses of adenosine 2A receptor (A2aR) agonists on pain and neuroinflammation. The data provide converging lines of evidence supportive that A2aR agonism at the site of peripheral nerve injury and inflammation is effective in suppressing ongoing neuropathic pain. After A2aR agonism resolved neuropathic pain, a return of pain enhancement (allodynia) was observed in response to peri-sciatic injection of H-89, which can inhibit protein kinase A, and by peri-sciatic injection of neutralizing antibody against the potent anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10. A2aR agonist actions at the nerve injury site suppress neuroinflammation, as reflected by decreased release of interleukin-1β and nitric oxide, as well as decreased sciatic expression of markers of monocytes/macrophages and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Taken together, the data are supportive that A2aR agonists, acting at the level of peripheral nerve injury, may be of therapeutic value in treating chronic pain of neuroinflammatory origin.
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Lee KJ, Jang YO, Cha SK, Kim MY, Park KS, Eom YW, Baik SK. Expression of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 and β-Klotho Regulates Hepatic Fibrosis through the Nuclear Factor-κB and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Pathways. Gut Liver 2018; 12:449-456. [PMID: 29699061 PMCID: PMC6027831 DOI: 10.5009/gnl17443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 is associated with hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. However, little is known regarding the effects of inflammation and fibrosis on the β-Klotho and FGF21 pathway in the liver. Methods Enrolled patients had biopsy-confirmed viral or alcoholic hepatitis. FGF19, FGF21 and β-Klotho levels were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. Furthermore, we explored the underlying mechanisms for this process by evaluating nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway involvement in Huh-7 cells. Results We observed that the FGF19 and FGF21 serum and mRNA levels in the biopsied liver tissue gradually increased and were correlated with fibrosis stage. Inflammatory markers (interleukin 1β [IL-1β], IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were positively correlated, while β-Klotho expression was negatively correlated with the degree of fibrosis. In Huh-7 cells, IL-1β increased FGF21 levels and decreased β-Klotho levels. NF-κB and JNK inhibitors abolished the effect of IL-1β on both FGF21 and β-Klotho expression. FGF21 protected IL-1β-induced growth retardation in Huh-7 cells. Conclusions These results indicate that the inflammatory response during fibrogenesis increases FGF21 levels and suppresses β-Klotho via the NF-κB and JNK pathway. In addition, FGF21 likely protects hepatocytes from hepatic inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong Joo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Yoon Ok Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.,Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Seung-Kuy Cha
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Moon Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.,Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Kyu-Sang Park
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Young Woo Eom
- Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Soon Koo Baik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.,Cell Therapy and Tissue Engineering Center, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.,Institute of Evidence Based Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
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Abdel Rahman AN, Khalil AA, Abdallah HM, ElHady M. The effects of the dietary supplementation of Echinacea purpurea extract and/or vitamin C on the intestinal histomorphology, phagocytic activity, and gene expression of the Nile tilapia. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018; 82:312-318. [PMID: 30107260 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of the dietary incorporation of Echinacea purpurea (EP) extract and/or vitamin C on the intestinal histomorphology and some immunological indices were tested in the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linn.). O. niloticus were randomly divided into four groups. The control group G1 was fed on a basal diet, while the G2 and G3 were fed on basal diets, supplemented with EP extract and vitamin C at the doses of 500 mg kg-1 and 400 mg kg-1, respectively. Meanwhile, G4 was fed on a basal diet, supplemented with a mixture of EP extract and vitamin C. After 28 days of feeding, the intestinal tissues were collected for histological observation and immune status, was based on an assay for measuring the phagocytic activity. Furthermore, the expression of the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) genes was evaluated in intestine and head kidney. The results revealed that the G4 successfully surpassed the other groups in terms of the heights of intestinal villi, the number of goblet cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), and the phagocytic activity, followed by the G3 and G2. The expression of the IL-1β and TNF-α genes were up regulated only in G4 but in the G3 only the expression of the IL-1β gene was up regulated. Hence, EP extract along with vitamin C could be used as a feed additive in order to improve the structure of the intestinal mucosal epithelium and immune response in tilapia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf N Abdel Rahman
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
| | - Alshimaa A Khalil
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - H M Abdallah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed ElHady
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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Clément-Demange L, Mulcrone PL, Tabarestani TQ, Sterling JA, Elefteriou F. β2ARs stimulation in osteoblasts promotes breast cancer cell adhesion to bone marrow endothelial cells in an IL-1β and selectin-dependent manner. J Bone Oncol 2018; 13:1-10. [PMID: 30245970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Progression and recurrence of breast cancer, as well as reduced survival of patients with breast cancer, are associated with chronic stress, a condition known to impact the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and the autonomic nervous system. Preclinical and clinical evidence support the involvement of the sympathetic nervous system in the control of bone remodeling and in pathologies of the skeleton, including bone metastasis. In experimental mouse models of skeletal metastasis, administration of the βAR agonist isoproterenol (ISO), used as a surrogate of norepinephrine, the main neurotransmitter of sympathetic neurons, was shown to favor bone colonization of metastatic breast cancer cells via an increase bone marrow vascularity. However, successful extravasation of cancer cells into a distant organ is known to be favored by an activated endothelium, itself stimulated by inflammatory signals. Based on the known association between high sympathetic outflow, the expression of inflammatory cytokines and bone metastasis, we thus asked whether βAR stimulation in osteoblasts may alter the vascular endothelium to favor cancer cell engraftment within the skeleton. To address this question, we used conditioned medium (CM) from PBS or ISO-treated bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in adhesion assays with bone marrow endothelial cells (BMECs) or the endothelial cell line C166. We found that ISO treatment in differentiated BMSCs led to a robust induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The CM from ISO-treated BMSCs increased the expression of E- and P-selectin in BMECs and the adhesion of human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells to these cells in short-term static and dynamic adhesion assays, and a blocking antibody against IL-1β, but not IL-6, reduced this effect. Direct IL-1β treatment of BMECs had a similar effect, whereas the impact of IL-6 treatment on the expression of adhesion molecules by BMECs and on the adhesion of cancer cells to BMECs was negligible. Collectively, these in vitro results suggest that in the context of the multicellular and dynamic bone marrow environment, sympathetic activation and subsequent βAR stimulation in osteoblasts may profoundly remodel the density but also the activation status of bone marrow vessels to favor the skeletal engraftment of circulating breast cancer cells. β2AR activation in osteoblasts increases the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. IL-1β promotes the adhesion of breast cancer cells to endothelium via an endothelial increase in E- and P-selectin expression. IL-1β blockade and selectin inhibition inhibits breast cancer cell adhesion to endothelial cells.
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Chen LX, Demirjian S, Udani SM, Trevino SA, Murray PT, Koyner JL. Cytokine Clearances in Critically Ill Patients on Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy. Blood Purif 2018; 46:315-322. [PMID: 30107381 DOI: 10.1159/000492025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS We sought to quantify any differences in cytokine clearance between continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH-convective) compared to continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD-diffusive). METHODS We conducted a 20 patient, multicenter, prospective, open-label randomized trial (CVVH or CVVHD) at continuous renal -replacement therapy (CRRT) initiation. Blood, urine, and effluent were collected at 0, 4, 24, and 48 h after initiation of CRRT. Serum electrolytes, cytokines levels, and clearances were measured. Cytokines studies included IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-10, and TNFα. RESULTS We randomized 20 patients to receive CRRT. After 4 h of CRRT there was no difference in total cytokine levels or change in cytokine concentrations across the 2 groups. With the exception of IL-1 RA, all cytokines levels decreased across patient groups regardless of modality. There was no significant difference in cytokine concentration across CRRT modality for any time point. CONCLUSION Within the first 4 h of CRRT initiation, there is no significant difference between cytokine or solute clearance between CVVH and CVVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Xin Chen
- Department of Medicine, Section of Transplant Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, University of California, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Sevag Demirjian
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Suneel M Udani
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sharon A Trevino
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Patrick T Murray
- Consultant in Nephrology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Clinical Pharmacology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jay L Koyner
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune dysregulation has been hypothesized to be important in the development and pathophysiology of compulsive disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), which has a high comorbid overlap with trichotillomania (both are OC-related disorders). The role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of trichotillomania has garnered little research to date. METHODS Individuals with trichotillomania provided saliva sample for analysis of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, these participants were examined on a variety of demographic variables (including body mass index [BMI], previously found to relate to inflammation) along with clinical measures (symptom severity, functioning, and comorbidity). RESULTS Thirty-one participants, mean age of 24.7 (±10.2) years, 27 (87.1%) females were -included. The mean score on the Massachusetts General Hospital Hair Pulling Scale was 15.7 (±4.2), reflective of moderate symptom severity. Compared to normative data, the mean inflammatory marker levels in the trichotillomania sample had the following Z scores: interleukin-1β (IL-1β) Z = -0.26, IL-6 Z = -0.39, IL-8 Z = -0.32, and tumor necrosis factor-α Z = -0.83. Levels of inflammatory markers did not correlate significantly with BMI, depressive mood, symptom severity, or disability. CONCLUSIONS The relatively low level of inflammatory saliva cytokines observed in the current study (negative z scores versus normative data with medium effect sizes) indicates that evaluation of blood inflammatory levels in trichotillomania versus matched controls would be valuable in future work. If a hypoinflammatory state is confirmed -using blood samples, this would differentiate trichotillomania from other mental disorders (such as OCD, schizophrenia, and depression), which have typically been linked with high inflammatory measures in the literature, at least in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon E. Grant
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA,*Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, MC 3077, Chicago, IL 60637 (USA), E-Mail
| | - Samuel R. Chamberlain
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Rech TF, Mazzoleni LE, Mazzoleni F, Francesconi CFDM, Sander GB, Michita RT, Nabinger DD, Milbradt TC, Torresini RJS, Simon D. Helicobacter pylori eradication: influence of interleukin-1beta -31 C/T polymorphism. Braz J Infect Dis 2018; 22:311-316. [PMID: 30048609 PMCID: PMC9428014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To analyze the influence of the –31 C/T polymorphism of the interleukin-1β gene on Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy success in patients with functional dyspepsia. Methods Functional dyspepsia was diagnosed according to the Rome III criteria. All patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and gastric biopsies were obtained at screening and 12 months after randomization (last follow-up visit). Urease test and histological examination were performed to define the H. pylori status. Patients received twice-daily amoxicillin, clarithromycin and omeprazole for 10 days. Genotyping of the interleukin-1beta –31 C/T polymorphism (rs1143627) was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results One hundred forty-nine patients received treatment with triple therapy for H. pylori eradication. Only one patient was lost to follow-up, and adherence to study medication was 94.6%. A total of 148 patients (mean age 46.08 ± 12.24 years; 81.8% women) were evaluated for the influence of the interleukin-1beta –31 C/T polymorphism on the outcome of H. pylori eradication therapy. After treatment, bacteria were eradicated in 87% of patients (129/148). Genotype frequencies of the polymorphism were as follows: CC, 38/148 (25.7%); CT, 71/148 (47.9%); and TT, 39/148 (26.4%). Successful eradication rate was 78.9%, 94.4% and 82.1% for the CC, CT and TT genotypes, respectively. The CT genotype was significantly associated with successful H. pylori eradication (p = 0.039). Conclusion This study suggests that the CT genotype of the interleukin-1beta –31 C/T polymorphism plays a role in the successful eradication of H. pylori among patients with functional dyspepsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tássia Flores Rech
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Laboratório de Genética Molecular Humana, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Edmundo Mazzoleni
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Gastroenterologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Felipe Mazzoleni
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Gastroenterologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Guilherme Becker Sander
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Gastroenterologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Tomoya Michita
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Laboratório de Genética Molecular Humana, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Débora Dreher Nabinger
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Laboratório de Genética Molecular Humana, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Tobias Cancian Milbradt
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Gastroenterologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Simon
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Laboratório de Genética Molecular Humana, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
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Gallant MJ, Hogan NS. Developmental expression profiles and thyroidal regulation of cytokines during metamorphosis in the amphibian Xenopus laevis. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 263:62-71. [PMID: 29656046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Early life-stages of amphibians rely on the innate immune system for defense against pathogens. While thyroid hormones (TH) are critical for metamorphosis and later development of the adaptive immune system, the role of TH in innate immune system development is less clear. An integral part of the innate immune response are pro-inflammatory cytokines - effector molecules that allow communication between components of the immune system. The objective of this study was to characterize the expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ), throughout amphibian development and determine the impacts of thyroidal modulation on their expression. Xenopus laevis were sampled at various stages of development encompassing early embryogenesis to late prometamorphosis and cytokine expression was measured by real-time PCR. Expression of TNFα and IL-1β were transient over development, increasing with developmental stage, while IFN-γ remained relatively stable. Functionally athyroid, premetamorphic tadpoles were exposed to thyroxine (0.5 and 2 μg/L) or sodium perchlorate (125 and 500 μg/L) for seven days. Tadpoles demonstrated characteristic responses of advanced development with thyroxine exposure and delayed development (although to a lesser extent) and increased thyroid gland area and follicular cell height with sodium perchlorate exposure. Exposure to thyroxine for two days resulted in decreased expression of IL-1β in tadpole trunks. Sodium perchlorate had negligible effects on cytokine expression. Overall, these results demonstrate that cytokine transcript levels vary with stage of tadpole development but that their ontogenic regulation is not likely exclusively influenced by thyroid status. Understanding the direct and indirect effects of altered hormone status may provide insight into potential mechanisms of altered immune function during amphibian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J Gallant
- Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Natacha S Hogan
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A8, Canada.
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Tanaka N, Cortese GP, Barrientos RM, Maier SF, Patterson SL. Aging and an Immune Challenge Interact to Produce Prolonged, but Not Permanent, Reductions in Hippocampal L-LTP and mBDNF in a Rodent Model with Features of Delirium. eNeuro 2018; 5:ENEURO. [PMID: 29911174 DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0009-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging increases the risk of abrupt declines in cognitive function after an event that triggers immune system activation (e.g. surgery, infection, or injury). This phenomenon is poorly understood, but rodent models may provide clues. We have previously shown that aging (24-mo-old) F344xBN rats generally do not show significant physical or cognitive impairments. However, their brains mount an exaggerated inflammatory response to signals triggered by a peripheral immune challenge (an intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli or laparotomy). Their hippocampal levels of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β are significantly elevated for at least 8 d, but generally less than 14 d, after infection or surgery. This IL-1β elevation is mirrored by prolonged deficits in a hippocampus-dependent long-term memory task. In contrast, young (3-mo-old) counterparts exhibit only transient elevations in IL-1β that drop to near baseline levels within 24 h. We previously demonstrated that theta burst–evoked late-phase long-term potentiation (L-LTP)—a BDNF-dependent form of synaptic plasticity—is impaired in hippocampal area CA1 of aged animals 4 d after infection. Also, levels of mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF)—the protein isoform required for stabilization of L-LTP—are reduced in hippocampal synaptoneurosomes of aged animals at the same time point. In this study, we investigated whether the deficits in L-LTP and mBDNF persist in parallel with the elevation in IL-1β and impairment in memory. This was the case, consistent with the idea that an exaggerated brain inflammatory response may compromise memory consolidation in part by altering availability of mBDNF to stabilize memory-related synaptic plasticity.
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Mohamed IN, Sarhan NR, Eladl MA, El-Remessy AB, El-Sherbiny M. Deletion of Thioredoxin-interacting protein ameliorates high fat diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis through modulation of Toll-like receptor 2-NLRP3-inflammasome axis: Histological and immunohistochemical study. Acta Histochem 2018; 120:242-254. [PMID: 29482933 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endemic prevalence of obesity is associated with alarming increases in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with limited available therapeutics. Toll-like receptor2 (TLR2) and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) Inflammasome are implicated in hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis; the histological landmark stages of NASH. TXNIP, a member of α-arrestin family activates NLRP3 in response to various danger stimuli. The aim of current work was to investigate the effect of TXNIP genetic deletion on histological manifestations of high fat diet-induced steatohepatitis and activation of TLR2-NLRP3-inflammasome axis. Wild-type mice (WT) and TXNIP knock out (TKO) littermates were randomized to normal diet (WT-ND and TKO-ND) or high fat diet (HFD, 60% fat) (WT-HFD and TKO-HFD). After 8-weeks, liver samples from all groups were evaluated by histological, immunohistochemical and western blot analysis. HFD resulted in significant induction of micro and macrovesicular hepatic steatosis, that was associated with increased inflammatory immune cell infiltration in WT-HFD compared with WT-ND and TKO-ND controls, but not in TKO-HFD group. In parallel, WT-HFD group showed significant fibrosis and α-SMA expression; a marker of pro-fibrotic stellate-cell activation, in areas surrounding the central vein and portal circulation, versus all other groups. Western blot revealed increased activation of TLR2-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and downstream IL-1β and TNFα in WT-HFD group, but not in TKO-HFD group. IL-1β expression coincided within the same areas of steatosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, collagen deposition and α-SMA expression in WT-HFD mice, that was significantly reduced in TKO-HFD mice. In conclusion, TXNIP deletion ameliorates the HFD-induced steatosis, inflammatory and fibrotic response via modulation of TLR2-NLRP3 inflammasome axis. Targeting TXNIP-TLR2-NLRP3 pathway may provide potential therapeutic modalities for NASH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islam N Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, USA; Augusta Biomedical Research Corporation, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Nahla Reda Sarhan
- Department of Histology & Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Eladl
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Azza B El-Remessy
- Augusta Biomedical Research Corporation, Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, GA, USA.
| | - Mohamed El-Sherbiny
- Department of Medicine, Al-Maarefa College, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
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Bergström B, Carlsten H, Ekwall AKH. Methotrexate inhibits effects of platelet-derived growth factor and interleukin-1β on rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:49. [PMID: 29554943 PMCID: PMC5859417 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1554-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A key feature of joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the formation of hyperplastic destructive pannus tissue, which is orchestrated by activated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). We have demonstrated that the RA risk gene and tumor suppressor Limb bud and heart development (LBH) regulates cell cycle progression in FLS. Methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line treatment for RA, but its mechanisms of action remain incompletely understood. Here, we studied the effects of MTX on mitogen-induced FLS proliferation and expression of cell cycle regulators in vitro. Methods Primary FLS from patients with RA or osteoarthritis were stimulated with the mitogen platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and the cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the presence or absence of MTX. Cells were then subjected to qPCR for gene expression and cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry. Results Stimulation with PDGF and IL-1β increased the percentage of FLS in the G2/M phase and shifted the cell morphology to a dendritic shape. These effects were inhibited by MTX. Furthermore, PDGF + IL-1β reduced LBH mRNA expression. However, MTX treatment yielded significantly higher transcript levels of LBH, and of CDKN1A (p21) and TP53 (p53), compared to untreated samples upon mitogen stimulation. The expression of DNA methyltransferase-1 (DNMT1) was also higher in the presence of MTX and there was strong correlation between DNMT1 and LBH expression. Conclusions Therapeutic concentrations of MTX abolish the effects of PDGF and IL-1β on tumor suppressor expression and inhibit mitogen-promoted FLS proliferation. These data demonstrate novel and important effects of MTX on pathogenic effector cells in the joint, which might involve epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Bergström
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna-Karin Hultgård Ekwall
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden. .,Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Li S, Liang F, Kwan K, Tang Y, Wang X, Tang Y, Li J, Yang H, Chavan SS, Wang H, Andersson U, Lu B, Tracey KJ. Identification of ethyl pyruvate as a NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor that preserves mitochondrial integrity. Mol Med 2018; 24:8. [PMID: 30134814 PMCID: PMC6016887 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-018-0006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The NLRP3 inflammasome, a cytosolic complex that mediates the maturation of IL-1β and IL-18 as well as the release of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), contributes to the lethality of endotoxic shock. Ethyl pyruvate (EP) was previously shown to inhibit HMGB1 release and promote survival during endotoxemia and experimental sepsis. However, the underlying protective mechanism remains elusive. Result EP dose-dependently inhibited the ATP-, nigericin-, alum-, and silica-induced caspase-1 activation and HMGB1 release in mouse macrophages. EP failed to inhibit DNA transfection- or Salmonella Typhimurium-induced caspase-1 activation and HMGB1 release. Mechanistically, EP significantly attenuated mitochondrial damage and cytoplasmic translocation of mitochondrial DNA, a known NLRP3 ligand, without influencing the potassium efflux, the lysosomal rupture or the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS). Conclusion Ethyl pyruvate acts as a novel NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor that preserves the integrity of mitochondria during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujun Li
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of non-resolving inflammation and cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liang
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of non-resolving inflammation and cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kevin Kwan
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Yiting Tang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic medical research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of non-resolving inflammation and cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, 410000, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Youzhou Tang
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of non-resolving inflammation and cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, 410000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Huan Yang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Sangeeta S Chavan
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Haichao Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, North Shore University Hospital, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Ulf Andersson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ben Lu
- Department of Hematology and Key Laboratory of non-resolving inflammation and cancer of Human Province, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, 410000, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan province, 410000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- Laboratory of Biomedical Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
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Li HS, Yang XK, Hao ZM, Lei J. [Interventional effects of BAY11-7082 on lung inflammatory response at the early stage and acute lung injury of rats with severe burns]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2018; 34:88-95. [PMID: 29973026 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the interventional effects of BAY11-7082 on lung inflammatory response at the early stage and acute lung injury of rats with severe burns. Methods: (1) Experiment 1. Twelve Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into control (C) group and burn (B) group according to the random number table, with 3 rats in group C and 9 rats in group B. Rats in group C did not receive any special treatment. Rats in group B were inflicted with 30% total body surface area full-thickness burn on the back. Immediately after injury, rats in group B were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline in the dosage of 50 mL/kg. Abdominal aorta blood and lung tissue samples were collected from three rats in group B at post injury hour (PIH) 12, 24, and 48, respectively. The interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and the IL-18 content of serum were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA expressions of IL-1β and IL-18 in lung tissue were determined with real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Sample collection and determination in rats of group C were performed as above. (2) Experiment 2. Eighteen SD rats were divided into control (C) group, simple burn (SB) group, and BAY11-7082 intervention (BI) group according to the random number table, with 6 rats in each group. Rats in group C did not receive any special treatment. Rats in groups SB and BI were inflicted with injury as in experiment 1. Immediately after injury, rats in group SB were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline in the dosage of 50 mL/kg, and those in group BI with 8 mg/mL (final mass concentration) BAY11-7082 solution in the dosage of 50 mL/kg. Lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of rats with burns were collected at the optimal observation time point concluded from experiment 1. The morphology of lung tissue was observed with hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the pathological damage of lung tissue was graded. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) content of lung tissue and the total protein content of BALF were detected by microplate reader. The protein expressions of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor-3 (NLRP3) and cysteine-aspartic proteases 1 (caspase-1) in lung tissue were determined with Western-blotting. The mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, and caspase-1 in lung tissue were determined with real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Sample collection and determination in rats of group C were performed as above. Data were processed with one-way analysis of variance and LSD-t test. Results: (1) The IL-1β and IL-18 content of serum in rats of group B at PIH 12, 24, and 48 were significantly higher than those of group C (t=10.55, 22.05, 12.47, 10.60, 15.22, 11.94, P<0.01). The mRNA expressions of IL-1β and IL-18 in rats of group B at PIH 12, 24, and 48 were significantly higher than those of group C (t=3.62, 7.19, 5.28, 3.20, 12.62, 7.31, P<0.05 or P<0.01). PIH 24 was the optimal observation time point for the following experiment. (2) At PIH 24, compared with those in group SB, the inflammatory cell infiltration and erythrocyte exudates of alveolar in group BI were obviously reduced, and the pulmonary interstitial edema obviously subsided. The pathological damage score of lung tissue in rats of group SB was (9.00±1.00) points, significantly higher than (1.10±0.26) points of group C (t=13.23, P<0.01). The pathological damage score of lung tissue in rats of group BI was (4.93±0.70) points, which was significantly lower than that of group SB (t=5.76, P<0.01) but still significantly higher than that of group C (t=8.84, P<0.01). At PIH 24, the MPO content of lung tissue and the total protein content of BALF in rats of group SB were (1.83±0.15) U/mg and (1.39±0.20) mg/mL, respectively, significantly higher than (0.51±0.10) U/mg and (0.44±0.05) mg/mL of group C (t=12.50, 7.86, P<0.01). The MPO content of lung tissue and the total protein content of BALF in rats of group BI were (0.91±0.12) U/mg and (0.60±0.10) mg/mL, respectively, significantly lower than those of group SB (t=8.36, 6.06, P<0.01). At PIH 24, the protein expressions of NLRP3 and caspase-1 in lung tissue of rats of group SB were 3.10±0.09 and 2.99±0.30, respectively, significantly higher than 1.00 and 1.00 of group C (t=9.06, 11.28, P<0.01). The protein expressions of NLRP3 and caspase-1 in lung tissue of rats of group BI were 1.13±0.08 and 1.81±0.11, respectively, significantly lower than those of group SB (t=7.24, 3.91, P<0.05 or P<0.01). At PIH 24, the mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, and caspase-1 in lung tissue of rats in group SB were 5.0±0.4, 3.32±0.21, 3.54±0.42, and 6.3±1.0, respectively, significantly higher than 1.0, 1.00, 1.00, and 1.0 of group C (t=13.97, 14.14, 11.78, 7.13, P<0.01). The mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-18, NLRP3, and caspase-1 in lung tissue of rats in group BI were 2.6±0.5, 2.00±0.28, 1.39±0.21, and 2.5±0.5, respectively, significantly lower than those of group SB (t=7.11, 5.80, 9.99, 4.65, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusions: Applying BAY11-7082 at the early stage of acute lung injury of rats with severe burn can reduce the expression of caspase-1, decrease the levels of IL-1β and IL-18, and decrease the MPO content of lung tissue and the total protein content of BALF through inhibiting NLRP3, thus alleviating the lung inflammatory response and lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Li
- Burn Care Center of Shanxi Province, Department of Burns, the Sixth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030009, China
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O'Léime CS, Cryan JF, Nolan YM. Nuclear deterrents: Intrinsic regulators of IL-1β-induced effects on hippocampal neurogenesis. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 66:394-412. [PMID: 28751020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.07.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hippocampal neurogenesis, the process by which new neurons are born and develop into the host circuitry, begins during embryonic development and persists throughout adulthood. Over the last decade considerable insights have been made into the role of hippocampal neurogenesis in cognitive function and the cellular mechanisms behind this process. Additionally, an increasing amount of evidence exists on the impact of environmental factors, such as stress and neuroinflammation on hippocampal neurogenesis and subsequent impairments in cognition. Elevated expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the hippocampus is established as a significant contributor to the neuronal demise evident in many neurological and psychiatric disorders and is now known to negatively regulate hippocampal neurogenesis. In order to prevent the deleterious effects of IL-1β on neurogenesis it is necessary to identify signalling pathways and regulators of neurogenesis within neural progenitor cells that can interact with IL-1β. Nuclear receptors are ligand regulated transcription factors that are involved in modulating a large number of cellular processes including neurogenesis. In this review we focus on the signalling mechanisms of specific nuclear receptors involved in regulating neurogenesis (glucocorticoid receptors, peroxisome proliferator activated receptors, estrogen receptors, and nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group E member 1 (NR2E1 or TLX)). We propose that these nuclear receptors could be targeted to inhibit neuroinflammatory signalling pathways associated with IL-1β. We discuss their potential to be therapeutic targets for neuroinflammatory disorders affecting hippocampal neurogenesis and associated cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciarán S O'Léime
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Ireland
| | - Yvonne M Nolan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Ireland; APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Ireland.
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Kim S, Park M, Leon AE, Adelman JS, Hawley DM, Dalloul RA. Development and validation of a house finch interleukin-1β (HfIL-1β) ELISA system. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:276. [PMID: 28854912 PMCID: PMC5577841 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1199-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A unique clade of the bacterium Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG), which causes chronic respiratory disease in poultry, has resulted in annual epidemics of conjunctivitis in North American house finches since the 1990s. Currently, few immunological tools have been validated for this songbird species. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a prototypic multifunctional cytokine and can affect almost every cell type during Mycoplasma infection. The overall goal of this study was to develop and validate a direct ELISA assay for house finch IL-1β (HfIL-1β) using a cross-reactive chicken antibody. METHODS A direct ELISA approach was used to develop this system using two different coating methods, carbonate and dehydration. In both methods, antigens (recombinant HfIL-1b or house finch plasma) were serially diluted in carbonate-bicarbonate coating buffer and either incubated at 4 °C overnight or at 60 °C on a heating block for 2 hr. To generate the standard curve, rHfIL-1b protein was serially diluted at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 ng/mL. Following blocking and washing, anti-chicken IL-1b polyclonal antibody was added, plates were later incubated with detecting antibodies, and reactions developed with tetramethylbenzidine solution. RESULTS A commercially available anti-chicken IL-1β (ChIL-1β) polyclonal antibody (pAb) cross-reacted with house finch plasma IL-1β as well as bacterially expressed recombinant house finch IL-1β (rHfIL-1β) in immunoblotting assays. In a direct ELISA system, rHfIL-1β could not be detected by an anti-ChIL-1β pAb when the antigen was coated with carbonate-bicarbonate buffer at 4°C overnight. However, rHfIL-1β was detected by the anti-ChIL-1β pAb when the antigen was coated using a dehydration method by heat (60°C). Using the developed direct ELISA for HfIL-1β with commercial anti-ChIL-1β pAb, we were able to measure plasma IL-1β levels from house finches. CONCLUSIONS Based on high amino acid sequence homology, we hypothesized and demonstrated cross-reactivity of anti-ChIL-1β pAb and HfIL-1β. Then, we developed and validated a direct ELISA system for HfIL-1β using a commercial anti-ChIL-1β pAb by measuring plasma HfIL-1β in house finches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungwon Kim
- The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Myeongseon Park
- Avian Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Ariel E Leon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - James S Adelman
- Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Dana M Hawley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Rami A Dalloul
- Avian Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.
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Srisuthtayanont W, Pruksakorn D, Kongtawelert P, Pothacharoen P. Effects of sesamin on chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan synthesis induced by interleukin-1beta in human chondrocytes. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17:286. [PMID: 28569157 PMCID: PMC5452607 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1805-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Numerous studies have reported on the health benefits of sesamin, a major lignin found in sesame (S. indicum) seeds. Recently, sesamin was shown to have the ability to promote chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan synthesis in normal human chondrocytes. This study assesses the anti-inflammatory effect of sesamin on proteoglycans production in 3D chondrocyte cultures. Methods To evaluate the effects of sesamin on IL-1β-treated human articular chondrocytes (HAC) pellets, the pellets were pre-treated with IL-1β then cultured in the presence of various concentrations of sesamin for 21 days. During that period, the expression of IL-1β, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) content and Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) synthesis genes (ACAN, XT-1, XT-2, CHSY1 and ChPF) was measured. The GAGs accumulation in the extracellular matrix was determined on day 21 by histological analysis. Results There was clear evidence that sesamin upregulated expression of all the CSPGs synthesis genes, in contrast to the down-regulation of IL-1β expression both in genes and in protein levels. The level of release and matrix accumulation of GAGs in IL-1β pre-treated HAC pellets in the presence of sesamin was recovered. These results correlate with the histological examination which showed that sesamin enhanced matrix CSPGs accumulation. Conclusions Sesamin enhances CSPGs synthesis, suppresses IL-1β expression and ameliorates IL-1β induced inflammation in human chondrocytes. Sesamin could have therapeutic benefits for treating inflammation in osteoarthritis.
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McCarty MF, O'Keefe JH, DiNicolantonio JJ. Interleukin-1beta may act on hepatocytes to boost plasma homocysteine - The increased cardiovascular risk associated with elevated homocysteine may be mediated by this cytokine. Med Hypotheses 2017; 102:78-81. [PMID: 28478836 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The results of multi-center trials of B vitamin supplementation reveal that, whereas moderately elevated homocysteine predicts increased risk for coronary disease, it does not play a mediating role in this regard. This essay proposes that interleukin-1beta can act on hepatocytes to suppress expression of the hepatocyte-specific forms of methionine adenosyltransferase; this in turn can be expected to decrease hepatic activity of cystathionine-β-synthase, leading to an increase in plasma homocysteine. It is further proposed that interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) is a true mediating risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and that elevated homocysteine predicts coronary disease because it can serve as a marker for increased IL-1β activity. Potent statin therapy may decrease IL-1β production by suppressing inflammasome activation - thereby accounting for the marked protection from cardiovascular events observed in the classic JUPITER study, in which the enrolled subjects had low-normal Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol but elevated C-reactive protein.
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Nia AM, Kalantaripour TP, Basiri M, Vafaee F, Asadi-Shekaari M, Eslami A, Zadeh FD. Nepeta Dschuparensis Bornm Extract Moderates COX-2 and IL-1β Proteins in a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia. Iran J Med Sci 2017; 42:179-186. [PMID: 28360444 PMCID: PMC5366366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nepeta dschuparensis Bornm (NP) is used as a medicinal herb in Iran. In traditional medicine, this herb is extensively employed for curing ailments such as cardiovascular diseases. NP has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This project examined the effects of the NP extract on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) protein levels and its efficacy in neuroprotection in a cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model. METHODS Twenty-six male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: 1) sham (n=6): no middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) procedure, 2) control (n=10): MCAO procedure and treatment with normal saline, and 3) NP extract (n=10): MCAO procedure and treatment with the NP extract (20 mg/kg, i.p.) at the beginning of reperfusion. To examine the injury caused by cerebral ischemia, we measured motor coordination and the infarct area using the rotarod test and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining, respectively. IL-1β and COX-2 protein levels, as inflammatory markers, were measured by immunoblotting assay. The statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, version 16, and the data are expressed as means±SEMs. Statistical difference was evaluated using the one-way ANOVA, followed by the post hoc LSD test (P<0.01). RESULTS Treatment with the NP extract significantly diminished the infarct volume and alleviated the motor coordination disorder induced by cerebral ischemia. The NP extract administration significantly attenuated the increase in IL-1β and COX-2 protein levels too (P<0.01). CONCLUSION The beneficial effects of the NP extract are related to its ability to decrease the levels of IL-1β and COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Mousavi Nia
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Taj Pari Kalantaripour
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Branch of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohsen Basiri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Vafaee
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Asadi-Shekaari
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran,Correspondence: Majid Asadi-Shekaari, PhD; Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Postal Code: 7619813159, Kerman, Iran Tel: +98 34 32264251 Fax: +98 34 32264198
| | - Azam Eslami
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Sirjan University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Darvish Zadeh
- Neuroscience Research Center, Neuropharmacology Institute, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Chung STM, Geerts D, Roseman K, Renaud A, Connelly L. Osteoprotegerin mediates tumor-promoting effects of Interleukin-1beta in breast cancer cells. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:27. [PMID: 28143606 PMCID: PMC5286681 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is widely recognized that inflammation promotes breast cancer invasion and metastasis. Given the complex nature of the breast tumor inflammatory microenvironment, much remains to be understood of the molecular mechanisms that govern these effects. We have previously shown that osteoprotegerin knockdown in breast cancer cells resulted in reduced invasion and metastasis. Here we present novel insight into the role of osteoprotegerin in inflammation-driven tumor progression in breast cancer by investigating the link between osteoprotegerin, macrophages and the potent pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-1beta. Methods We used human breast cancer cell lines to investigate the effects of Interleukin-1beta treatment on osteoprotegerin secretion as measured by ELISA. We analyzed public datasets containing human breast cancer genome-wide mRNA expression data to reveal a significant and positive correlation between osteoprotegerin mRNA expression and the mRNA expression of Interleukin-1beta and of monocyte chemoattractant protein CC-chemokine ligand 2. Osteoprotegerin, Interleukin-1beta and CC-chemokine ligand 2 mRNA levels were also examined by qPCR on cDNA from normal and cancerous human breast tissue. We determined the effect of Interleukin-1beta–producing macrophages on osteoprotegerin expression by co-culturing breast cancer cells and differentiated THP-1 macrophages. Immunohistochemistry was performed on human breast tumor tissue microarrays to assess macrophage infiltration and osteoprotegerin expression. To demonstrate that osteoprotegerin mediated functional effects of Interleukin-1beta we performed cell invasion studies with control and OPG siRNA knockdown on Interleukin-1beta-treated breast cancer cells. Results We report that Interleukin-1beta induces osteoprotegerin secretion, independent of breast cancer subtype and basal osteoprotegerin levels. Co-culture of breast cancer cells with Interleukin-1beta-secreting macrophages resulted in a similar increase in osteoprotegerin secretion in breast cancer cells as Interleukin-1beta treatment. Macrophage infiltration correlates with osteoprotegerin secretion in human breast tumor tissue samples. We show that osteoprotegerin secretion is regulated by Interleukin-1beta in a p38- and p42/44-dependent manner. We also demonstrate that osteoprotegerin knockdown represses Interleukin-1beta expression, Interleukin-1beta-mediated breast cancer cell invasion and MMP3 expression. Conclusions These data indicate a novel role for osteoprotegerin as a mediator of inflammation- promoted breast cancer progression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-017-0606-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tsang Mui Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Dirk Geerts
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Roseman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Ashleigh Renaud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA
| | - Linda Connelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawaii at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, USA.
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Ahn H, Lee GS. Isorhamnetin and hyperoside derived from water dropwort inhibits inflammasome activation. Phytomedicine 2017; 24:77-86. [PMID: 28160865 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica), an umbelliferous plant, has been reported as hypolipidemic, antiplatelet, antitumor, or immune-stimulating agents and it has been suggested to cure cardiovascular disease and cancer. PURPOSE Present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the extracts of water dropwort (EWD) and its pharmacological molecules, hyperoside and isorhamnetin, on inflammatory response, especially inflammasome activation. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS The anti-inflammasome properties of EWD, isorhamnetin, and hyperoside were elucidated by human and mouse macrophages. RESULTS EWD attenuated secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and formation of Asc pyroptosome resulting from NLRP3, NLRC4, and AIM2 inflammasome activation without interruption of cytokine transcription. Isorhamnetin selectively inhibited NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome activation and down-regulated expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Hyperoside selectively interrupted NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasome activation but did not alter cytokine expression. In addition, EWD, isorhamnetin, and hyperoside inhibited caspase-1. CONCLUSION Isorhamnetin and hyperoside, a key molecule of water dropwort, have been suggested as candidates to attenuate inflammasome inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijeong Ahn
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Shik Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea.
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Ratner D, Orning MPA, Lien E. Bacterial secretion systems and regulation of inflammasome activation. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 101:165-181. [PMID: 27810946 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.4mr0716-330r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is critical for host defenses against pathogens, but many bacteria display complex ways of interacting with innate immune signaling, as they may both activate and evade certain pathways. Gram-negative bacteria can exhibit specialized nanomachine secretion systems for delivery of effector proteins into mammalian cells. Bacterial types III, IV, and VI secretion systems (T3SS, T4SS, and T6SS) are known for their impact on caspase-1-activating inflammasomes, necessary for producing bioactive inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, key participants of anti-bacterial responses. Here, we discuss how these secretion systems can mediate triggering and inhibition of inflammasome signaling. We propose that a fine balance between secretion system-mediated activation and inhibition can determine net activation of inflammasome activity and control inflammation, clearance, or spread of the infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Ratner
- Program in Innate Immunity, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; and
| | - M Pontus A Orning
- Program in Innate Immunity, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; and.,Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Egil Lien
- Program in Innate Immunity, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; and .,Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet, Trondheim, Norway
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