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Cofone L, Pindinello I, D'Ancona G, Grassi F, Antonucci A, Vitali M, Protano C. Human semen quality and environmental and occupational exposure to pollutants: A systematic review. Ann Ig 2023; 35:660-669. [PMID: 37796470 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2023.2581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the correlation between the exposure to environmental and/or occupational pollutants and possible alteration of semen quality, focalizing the attention on the studies performed using a biomonitoring approach. Methods The review was conducted from inception to May 11 2023, according to the PRISMA Statement 2020 and using the following databases: Scopus, Pubmed and Web of Science. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023405607). Studies were considered eligible if they reported data about the association between exposure to environmental pollutants and alteration of semen quality using human biomonitoring. The quality assessment was carried out by the use of the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Results In total, 21 articles were included, conducted in several countries. The main matrices used for biomonitoring were urine and blood and the most sought-after contaminants were bisphenols, phthalates, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals and other inorganic trace elements. The results of the studies demonstrated a significant positive correlation between the increase of the pollutants' levels in the biological matrices examined and some alterations of the semen quality indicators, such as a decrease in motility, concentration and morphology of the spermatozoa. Conclusions Male fertility can be negatively affected by the exposure to environmental and/or occupational pollutants. Human biomonitoring programs may be considered a useful tool for specific surveillance programs devoted to early highlight subjects who are more exposed to environmental pollutants in order to reduce risk exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cofone
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - I Pindinello
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G D'Ancona
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Grassi
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Antonucci
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Vitali
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Protano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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2
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Del Casale A, Pileri J, Veneziani G, Napolitano A, Modesti MN, Adriani B, Barchielli B, Parmigiani G, Grassi F, Napoli C, Ferracuti S, Lai C. Facing the Shadow Pandemic: Correlation and Trend Analyses of Violence Reports from Women to the Italian National Anti-Violence Number during 2021. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2272. [PMID: 37628470 PMCID: PMC10454491 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11162272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To help to tackle gender-based violence against women in the aftermath of COVID-19 or other potential crisis situations, as recommended by the European Institute for Gender Equality, the present study aims to investigate the relationship between calls to the National Anti-violence Number (NAN) and the socio-sanitary pandemic factors during 2021, a period in which the scenario changed due to containment measures that gradually allowed women to emerge from the condition of isolation. In addition, the present work aims to identify significant changes in the number of calls to NAN during the progression of the pandemic in 2021. METHODS Using Italian Civil Protection Department data on the socio-sanitary pandemic factors (defined by daily number of cases, swabs, deaths, hospitalizations, dismissions, intensive care unit hospitalizations, people isolated at home, and quarantine after 15 and 30 days) and NAN data. Correlation analyses, a joinpoint regression analysis, and Granger causality tests were performed. RESULTS The number of calls correlated with the daily number of cases, swabs, deaths, hospitalizations, dismissions, intensive care unit hospitalizations, and quarantine after 15 and 30 days. The identified joinpoints showed significant changes in the number of daily anti-violence calls during the year. Furthermore, we found evidence of a significant causality between daily hospitalizations, daily home quarantined, daily dismissed patients, and calls to NAN. CONCLUSIONS The results underline the influence of containment measures on the increased access to NAN, suggesting the need for a greater implementation of social and psychological support services in other potential crisis situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Del Casale
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (J.P.)
- Unit of Psychiatry, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Pileri
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (J.P.)
| | - Giorgio Veneziani
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (J.P.)
| | - Antonio Napolitano
- Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare “Bambino Gesù”, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Nicole Modesti
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Adriani
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Benedetta Barchielli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (J.P.)
| | - Giovanna Parmigiani
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (J.P.)
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare “Bambino Gesù”, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Napoli
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, 00189 Rome, Italy
- Unit of Risk Management, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferracuti
- Unit of Risk Management, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Lai
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (J.P.)
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De Muzio F, Fusco R, Simonetti I, Grassi F, Grassi R, Brunese MC, Ravo L, Maggialetti N, D'Aniello R, Greco F, Gabelloni M, Granata V. Functional assessment in endometrial and cervical cancer: diffusion and perfusion, two captivating tools for radiologists. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:7793-7810. [PMID: 37667957 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202308_33435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Uterine cervical and endometrial cancers are two major gynecological malignancies, affecting women's health worldwide. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is appropriate for evaluating malignant disease, thanks to the excellent soft tissue contrast and multiplanar imaging ability. Recently, functional MR techniques, namely diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging (DCE), have proved to be a precious support not only in cancer diagnosis but also in disease staging, in the therapy planning, in monitoring response to treatment and during long-term recurrence surveillance. In the field of gynecologic oncology, the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR) recommends DWI and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging (DCE-MRI) for local staging of endometrial and cervical cancer, but the potential application of functional imaging in all different aspects of patient management seems very promising. The aim of this article is to summarize the existing literature, providing a comprehensive update on the role of functional MRI in endometrial and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- F De Muzio
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
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Borgheresi A, Agostini A, Pierpaoli L, Zannotti A, Capodagli-Colarizi S, Gabelloni M, De Muzio F, Brunese MC, Bruno F, Palumbo P, Grassi F, Fusco R, Granata V, Gandolfo N, Miele V, Barile A, Giovagnoni A. Diagnostic approach to focal liver lesions at cross-sectional imaging: a primer for beginners. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:7201-7225. [PMID: 37606131 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202308_33293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Liver imaging encompasses a broad spectrum of diseases in different clinical backgrounds. The available literature is vast and reported data often lacks standardization. Because of all these issues, the differential diagnosis and the characterization of liver lesions can be challenging for the beginner. The aim of this narrative review is to provide the basics for an algorithm approach to liver lesions on cross-sectional imaging. First, some tips for the optimization of Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) protocols will be provided. Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS, version 2018) working group is proposing the adoption of their standardized lexicon beyond the original target population of LI-RADS (i.e., liver cirrhosis). Thus, the main imaging findings will be defined following the LI-RADS lexicon. Since the contrast study is the most important for lesion characterization, this narrative review separates the lesions into avascular, hypovascular, and hypervascular, with a focus on chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Borgheresi
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria delle Marche", Ancona, Italy.
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5
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Gambari L, Cellamare A, Grassi F, Grigolo B, Panciera A, Ruffilli A, Faldini C, Desando G. Targeting the Inflammatory Hallmarks of Obesity-Associated Osteoarthritis: Towards Nutraceutical-Oriented Preventive and Complementary Therapeutic Strategies Based on n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119340. [PMID: 37298291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity (Ob), which has dramatically increased in the last decade, is one of the main risk factors that contribute to the incidence and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Targeting the characteristics of obesity-associated osteoarthritis (ObOA) may offer new chances for precision medicine strategies in this patient cohort. First, this review outlines how the medical perspective of ObOA has shifted from a focus on biomechanics to the significant contribution of inflammation, mainly mediated by changes in the adipose tissue metabolism through the release of adipokines and the modification of fatty acid (FA) compositions in joint tissues. Preclinical and clinical studies on n-3 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) are critically reviewed to outline the strengths and weaknesses of n-3 PUFAs' role in alleviating inflammatory, catabolic and painful processes. Emphasis is placed on potential preventive and therapeutic nutritional strategies based on n-3 PUFAs, with a focus on ObOA patients who could specifically benefit from reformulating the dietary composition of FAs towards a protective phenotype. Finally, tissue engineering approaches that involve the delivery of n-3 PUFAs directly into the joint are explored to address the perspectives and current limitations, such as safety and stability issues, for implementing preventive and therapeutic strategies based on dietary compounds in ObOA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Cellamare
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Panciera
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Ruffilli
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cesare Faldini
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Desando
- Laboratorio Ramses, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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6
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Grassi F, Semmelhack EA, Ruge J, Schacht A. On the dynamics of gain and loss: Electrophysiological evidence from associative learning. Biol Psychol 2023; 180:108588. [PMID: 37224938 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2023.108588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Associated relevance affects the sensory encoding of low-level visual features of symbolic stimuli. It is unclear, however, which dimension of low-level visual features benefits from prioritized processing, and how these effects develop throughout the course of relevance acquisition. Moreover, previous evidence is inconclusive regarding the preservation of processing advantage once the association is no longer relevant, as well as its generalization to perceptually similar but novel stimuli. The present study addresses these questions by employing an associative learning paradigm. In two experiments (N = 24 each, between-subject design), different dimensions of low-level visual features of symbolic stimuli were associated with monetary gain, loss, or zero outcome. In a consecutive old/new decision task, associated stimuli were presented together with perceptually similar but novel stimuli. Event-related brain potentials (P1, EPN, LPC) were measured throughout both sessions. Early sensory encoding (P1) was boosted by loss association and appeared to be sensitive to the dimension of the associated low-level visual features. Gain association influenced post-perceptual processing stages (LPC), arising over the course of the learning phase, and are preserved even when the associated outcome was no longer relevant. Gain association also resulted in EPN modulations similar to the effects observed in the case of emotional words. None of the observed effects generalized to perceptually similar stimuli. These results show that acquired relevance can influence the sensory processing of specific dimensions of low-level visual features. Moreover, this study extends previous evidence of a dissociation of early and late neural effects of associated motivational relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Grassi
- Department for Cognition, Emotion and Behavior, Institute for Psychology, Georg-August-University of Goettingen.
| | - Esther A Semmelhack
- Department for Cognition, Emotion and Behavior, Institute for Psychology, Georg-August-University of Goettingen
| | - Julia Ruge
- Department for Cognition, Emotion and Behavior, Institute for Psychology, Georg-August-University of Goettingen; Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
| | - Anne Schacht
- Department for Cognition, Emotion and Behavior, Institute for Psychology, Georg-August-University of Goettingen
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7
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Liguori A, Petri E, Gualandi C, Dolci LS, Marassi V, Petretta M, Zattoni A, Roda B, Grigolo B, Olivotto E, Grassi F, Focarete ML. Controlled Release of H 2S from Biomimetic Silk Fibroin-PLGA Multilayer Electrospun Scaffolds. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:1366-1376. [PMID: 36749903 PMCID: PMC10015463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of incorporating H2S slow-release donors inside biomimetic scaffolds can pave the way to new approaches in the field of tissue regeneration and anti-inflammatory treatment. In the present work, GYY4137, an easy-to-handle commercially available Lawesson's reagent derivative, has been successfully incorporated inside biomimetic silk fibroin-based electrospun scaffolds. Due to the instability of GYY4137 in the solvent needed to prepare silk fibroin solutions (formic acid), the electrospinning of the donor together with the silk fibroin turned out to be impossible. Therefore, a multilayer structure was realized, consisting of a PLGA mat containing GYY4137 sandwiched between two silk fibroin nanofibrous layers. Before their use in the multilayer scaffold, the silk fibroin mats were treated in ethanol to induce crystalline phase formation, which conferred water-resistance and biomimetic properties. The morphological, thermal, and chemical properties of the obtained scaffolds were thoroughly characterized by SEM, TGA, DSC, FTIR, and WAXD. Multilayer devices showing two different concentrations of the H2S donor, i.e., 2 and 5% w/w with respect to the weight of PLGA, were analyzed to study their H2S release and biological properties, and the results were compared with those of the sample not containing GYY4137. The H2S release analysis was carried out according to an "ad-hoc" designed procedure based on a validated high-performance liquid chromatography method. The proposed analytical approach demonstrated the slow-release kinetics of H2S from the multilayer scaffolds and its tunability by acting on the donor's concentration inside the PLGA nanofibers. Finally, the devices were tested in biological assays using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells showing the capacity to support cell spreading throughout the scaffold and prevent cytotoxicity effects in serum starvation conditions. The resulting devices can be exploited for applications in the tissue engineering field since they combine the advantages of controlled H2S release kinetics and the biomimetic properties of silk fibroin nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Liguori
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Petri
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Gualandi
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical
Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento, 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Health
Sciences & Technologies (HST) CIRI, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, 40064 Ozzano Emilia Bologna, Italy
| | - Luisa S. Dolci
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Valentina Marassi
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- byFlow
srl, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - Mauro Petretta
- RegenHu
Company, Z.I Du Vivier
22, CH-1690 Villaz-St-Pierre, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- byFlow
srl, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - Barbara Roda
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- byFlow
srl, Bologna 40129, Italy
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- RAMSES
Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Olivotto
- RAMSES
Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- RAMSES
Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Focarete
- Department
of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician” and INSTM UdR of Bologna, University of Bologna, Via Selmi, 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Health
Sciences & Technologies (HST) CIRI, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, 40064 Ozzano Emilia Bologna, Italy
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8
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Antonelli M, Lucignani M, Parrillo C, Grassi F, Figà Talamanca L, Rossi Espagnet MC, Gandolfo C, Secinaro A, Pasquini L, De Benedictis A, Placidi E, De Palma L, Marras CE, Marasi A, Napolitano A. Magnetic resonance imaging based neurosurgical planning on hololens 2: A feasibility study in a paediatric hospital. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231214066. [PMID: 38025111 PMCID: PMC10656794 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231214066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The goal of this work is to show how to implement a mixed reality application (app) for neurosurgery planning based on neuroimaging data, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of its design. Methods Our workflow explains how to handle neuroimaging data, including how to load morphological, functional and diffusion tensor imaging data into a mixed reality environment, thus creating a first guide of this kind. Brain magnetic resonance imaging data from a paediatric patient were acquired using a 3 T Siemens Magnetom Skyra scanner. Initially, this raw data underwent specific software pre-processing and were subsequently transformed to ensure seamless integration with the mixed reality app. After that, we created three-dimensional models of brain structures and the mixed reality environment using Unity™ engine together with Microsoft® HoloLens 2™ device. To get an evaluation of the app we submitted a questionnaire to four neurosurgeons. To collect data concerning the performance of a user session we used Unity Performance Profiler. Results The use of the interactive features, such as rotating, scaling and moving models and browsing through menus, provided by the app had high scores in the questionnaire, and their use can still be improved as suggested by the performance data collected. The questionnaire's average scores were high, so the overall experiences of using our mixed reality app were positive. Conclusion We have successfully created a valuable and easy-to-use neuroimaging data mixed reality app, laying the foundation for more future clinical uses, as more models and data derived from various biomedical images can be imported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Antonelli
- Medical Physics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Martina Lucignani
- Medical Physics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Parrillo
- Medical Physics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Medical Physics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Figà Talamanca
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Maria C Rossi Espagnet
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo Gandolfo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Aurelio Secinaro
- Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging Unit, Department of Imaging, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquini
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Benedictis
- Pediatric Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Elisa Placidi
- Medical Physics UOC, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Luca De Palma
- Rare and Complex Epilepsies, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo E Marras
- Pediatric Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marasi
- Pediatric Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Antonio Napolitano
- Medical Physics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Roma, Italy
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9
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Gambari L, Cellamare A, Grassi F, Grigolo B, Panciera A, Ruffilli A, Faldini C, Desando G. Overview of Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Nociceptive Effects of Polyphenols to Halt Osteoarthritis: From Preclinical Studies to New Clinical Insights. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415861. [PMID: 36555503 PMCID: PMC9779856 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most multifactorial joint disorders in adults. It is characterized by degenerative and inflammatory processes that are responsible for joint destruction, pain and stiffness. Despite therapeutic advances, the search for alternative strategies to target inflammation and pain is still very challenging. In this regard, there is a growing body of evidence for the role of several bioactive dietary molecules (BDMs) in targeting inflammation and pain, with promising clinical results. BDMs may be valuable non-pharmaceutical solutions to treat and prevent the evolution of early OA to more severe phenotypes, overcoming the side effects of anti-inflammatory drugs. Among BDMs, polyphenols (PPs) are widely studied due to their abundance in several plants, together with their benefits in halting inflammation and pain. Despite their biological relevance, there are still many questionable aspects (biosafety, bioavailability, etc.) that hinder their clinical application. This review highlights the mechanisms of action and biological targets modulated by PPs, summarizes the data on their anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects in different preclinical in vitro and in vivo models of OA and underlines the gaps in the knowledge. Furthermore, this work reports the preliminary promising results of clinical studies on OA patients treated with PPs and discusses new perspectives to accelerate the translation of PPs treatment into the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Cellamare
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro Panciera
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Ruffilli
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cesare Faldini
- 1st Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Desando
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0516366803
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Agostini A, Borgheresi A, Granata V, Bruno F, Palumbo P, De Muzio F, Bicci E, Grazzini G, Grassi F, Fusco R, Barile A, Miele V, Giovagnoni A. Technological advances in body CT: a primer for beginners. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:7918-7937. [PMID: 36394741 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202211_30144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Many technological advances have entered the clinical routine of Computed Tomography (CT) imaging. The new CT scanners have specific solutions in gantry design to bear the mechanical solicitations. The X-ray tubes have been improved for faster acquisitions at low radiation exposure, while the innovations in CT detectors provide a better image quality. The optimization of image quality and contrast, and the reduction of radiation dose, cannot be achieved without the implementation of adequate reconstruction software, such as Iterative Reconstructions (IR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI). In recent years, dual-energy (DECT) technology has expanded the indications of CT. In this narrative review, a panoramic overview of the technological novelties in CT imaging will be provided for optimal utilization of CT technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Agostini
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, Department of Radiology, University Hospital "Ospedali Riuniti Umberto I - G.M. Lancisi - G. Salesi, Ancona, Italy.
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11
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Demel R, Grassi F, Rafiee Y, Waldmann MR, Schacht A. How German and Italian Laypeople Reason about Distributive Shortages during COVID-19. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12067. [PMID: 36231370 PMCID: PMC9566015 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity to investigate how moral reasoning is influenced by individuals' exposure to a crisis and by personal, societal and temporal proximity. We examined how Italians and Germans judged different behaviors that arose because of the pandemic, which affected health and societal matters. (2) Methods: Over the course of four months and three assessment periods, we used an observational online survey to assess participants' judgments regarding seven scenarios that addressed distributive shortages during the pandemic. (3) Results: Overall, there was no clear answering pattern across all scenarios. For a variation of triage and pandemic restrictions, most participants selected a mean value, which can be interpreted as deferring the choice. For the other scenarios, most participants used the extremes of the scale, thereby reflecting a clear opinion of the public regarding the moral issue. In addition, moral reasoning varied across the two countries, assessment periods, fear, and age. (4) Conclusions: By using scenarios that were taken from real-life experiences, the current study addresses criticism that moral research mostly relies on unrealistic scenarios that lack in external validity, plausibility, and proximity to everyday situations. In addition, it shows how lay people regard measures of public health and societal decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja Demel
- Institute of Psychology, Georg-August University, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
- Institute of Psychology, Humboldt University of Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Leibniz Science Campus “Primate Cognition”, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Institute of Psychology, Georg-August University, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Yasaman Rafiee
- Institute of Psychology, Georg-August University, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
- Leibniz Science Campus “Primate Cognition”, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Michael R. Waldmann
- Institute of Psychology, Georg-August University, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
- Leibniz Science Campus “Primate Cognition”, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Annekathrin Schacht
- Institute of Psychology, Georg-August University, 37073 Goettingen, Germany
- Leibniz Science Campus “Primate Cognition”, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
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12
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Grassi F, Dall'Olio D, Ahmed O, Sala C, Bersanelli M, Pramfalk C, Garagnani P, Petrillo E, Loscalzo J, Pedrelli M, Parini P. Validation of network medicine interactomes: From patients to a human hepatocyte-like model. Atherosclerosis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.06.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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13
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Gurgoglione F, Barocelli F, Vignali L, Maini A, Solinas E, Tadonio I, Benatti G, Coli S, Pelà G, Grassi F, Lina D, Niccoli G, Cattabiani M. C69 EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY OF DISTINCT ANTIPLATELET REGIMENS AFTER TRANSCATHETER LEFT ATRIALE APPENDAGE OCCLUSION: A SINGLE CENTER REAL–WORLD EXPERIENCE. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suac011.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Transcatheter left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) has emerged as a reliable tool to prevent thromboembolic events, in particular ischemic stroke, in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in the absence of mitral stenosis/valve prosthesis and contraindication to oral anticoagulation (OAC). Antiplatelet therapy (APT) is required after device implantation to prevent device–related thrombus (DRT). Previous studies provided conflicting results on the optimal APT regimen after LAAO. Thus, herein we aimed at assessing the comparative effectiveness and safety of distinct APT regimens. We conducted a real–world single–center observational study including consecutive AF patients that underwent LAAO at the University Hospital of Parma between October 2010 and June 2021. Clinical follow–up included all successfully implanted patients. Primary endpoint was net efficacy outcome, a composite of any ischemic or hemorrhagic event. Secondary endpoints were ischemic (any of the following: ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack [TIA], DRT, systemic embolism) and hemorrhagic (major [≥3] bleedings according to Bleeding Academic Research Consortium [BARC] classification) complications alone. We enrolled a total of 130 patients (median age 77.0 [72.7;81.0] years; 78 [60.0%] men). History of hemorrhagic stroke in OAC (74 [56.9%]) was the main indication for LAAO. Technical procedure success was achieved in 123 (94.6%) patients. According to multidisciplinary team evaluation, immediately after LAAO, 39 (31.7%) patients received short (≤ 1 month)–dual APT (DAPT) consisting of cardioaspirin and clopidogrel, 35 (28.5%) long (>1, ≤12 months)–DAPT and 49 (39.8%) single APT (SAPT). At a median follow–up of 32 months, the incidence of primary endpoint was significantly lower in short–DAPT group (3 [7.7%] vs. 7 [20.0%] in long–DAPT vs. 14 [28.6%] in SAPT, p = 0.049], mainly driven by a lower occurrence of bleeding endpoint (0 [0.0] vs. 4 [11.4%] in long–DAPT vs. 9 [18.4%] in SAPT, p = 0.020) without differences in the incidence of ischemic endpoint (p = 0.916). Finally, comparison of the Kaplan–Meier curves showed that short–DAPT group had a higher primary endpoint–free survival (p = 0.015) compared to the others. In summary, our study highlighted that short (≤ 1 month)–DAPT regimen after LAAO is associated with better outcomes, mainly driven by reduction of major bleedings. Strong evidences arising from randomized trials are warranted to support these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - F Barocelli
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - L Vignali
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - A Maini
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - E Solinas
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - I Tadonio
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - G Benatti
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - S Coli
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - G Pelà
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - F Grassi
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - D Lina
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - G Niccoli
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
| | - M Cattabiani
- AZIENDA OSPEDALIERO–UNIVERSITARIA DI PARMA, PARMA
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14
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Roda B, Zhang N, Gambari L, Grigolo B, Eller-Vainicher C, Gennari L, Zappi A, Giordani S, Marassi V, Zattoni A, Reschiglian P, Grassi F. Optimization of a Monobromobimane (MBB) Derivatization and RP-HPLC-FLD Detection Method for Sulfur Species Measurement in Human Serum after Sulfur Inhalation Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050939. [PMID: 35624802 PMCID: PMC9138032 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a widely recognized gasotransmitter, with key roles in physiological and pathological processes. The accurate quantification of H2S and reactive sulfur species (RSS) may hold important implications for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. However, H2S species quantification in biological matrices is still a challenge. Among the sulfide detection methods, monobromobimane (MBB) derivatization coupled with reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is one of the most reported. However, it is characterized by a complex preparation and time-consuming process, which may alter the actual H2S level; moreover, a quantitative validation has still not been described. (2) Methods: We developed and validated an improved analytical protocol for the MBB RP-HPLC method. MBB concentration, temperature and sample handling were optimized, and the calibration method was validated using leave-one-out cross-validation and tested in a clinical setting. (3) Results: The method shows high sensitivity and allows the quantification of H2S species, with a limit of detection of 0.5 µM. Finally, it can be successfully applied in measurements of H2S levels in the serum of patients subjected to inhalation with vapors rich in H2S. (4) Conclusions: These data demonstrate that the proposed method is precise and reliable for measuring H2S species in biological matrices and can be used to provide key insights into the etiopathogenesis of several diseases and sulfur-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- byFlow SRL, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (L.G.); (B.G.)
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (L.G.); (B.G.)
| | - Cristina Eller-Vainicher
- Unit of Endocrinology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Luigi Gennari
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Zappi
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Stefano Giordani
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Valentina Marassi
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- byFlow SRL, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- byFlow SRL, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- byFlow SRL, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (L.G.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (F.G.)
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15
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Bicci E, Grazzini G, Cozzi D, Danti G, Pradella S, Palumbo P, Bruno F, Grassi F, Dell' Aversana F, De Muzio F, Brunese MC, Cutolo C, Fusco R, Granata V, Giovagnoni A, Miele V. Non-traumatic non-cardiovascular thoracic emergencies: role of imaging. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3249-3260. [PMID: 35587076 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202205_28743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Patients presenting to the emergency with thoracic symptoms could have a wide variety of causes, even if the traumatic and vascular causes are excluded. Therefore, the diagnosis is often a challenge for emergency physicians. Anamnesis, physical examination and laboratory testing need to be integrated with imaging to get a rapid diagnosis and to distinguish among the potential causes. This review discusses the role of diagnostic imaging studies in the emergency setting in patients with non-traumatic non-cardiovascular thoracic symptoms. The use of chest x-ray, bedside lung Ultrasound and Computed Tomography in the diagnosis and care of these patients have been reviewed as well as the common findings on imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bicci
- Department of Emergency Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy.
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16
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Palumbo P, Cannizzaro E, Bracci A, Bruno F, Arrigoni F, Splendiani A, Danti G, Cozzi D, Pradella S, Grassi F, Grassi R, Dell'Aversana F, Brunese MC, Cutolo C, Ravo L, Fusco R, Galdiero R, Granata V, Masciocchi C, Di Cesare E. Thoracic non-traumatic cardiovascular diseases: current perspective and multi-detectors Computed Tomography protocols optimization in the emergency setting. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:3621-3641. [PMID: 35647844 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202205_28858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the most common causes of access to the Emergency Department and among the leading causes of death worldwide. Accurate diagnostic algorithms are mandatory to ensure a rapid life-saving treatment. However, non-specific clinical presentation and unnecessary referrals to other subspecialties may lead to misinterpretation of the diagnosis and delays. In recent years, the development of imaging technologies has allowed Computed Tomography (CT) to play a prominent role in the concepts of CVD rule-in and rule-out. An optimization strategy for CT protocols is needed to reduce variability and improve image quality. A correct diagnostic suspicion is crucial, as different districts (i.e., heart, aorta and pulmonary circulation) may require different investigation techniques. Additionally, the CVD pre-test probability assessment is highly correlated with CT accuracy. The purpose of this narrative review is to analyze the current role of CT in the approach to the CVDs in the ED, and to analyze the main strategies of CT optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Palumbo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Area of Cardiovascular and Interventional Imaging, Abruzzo Health Unit 1, L'Aquila, Italy.
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17
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Ravaynia PS, Biendl S, Grassi F, Keiser J, Hierlemann A, Modena MM. Real-time and automated monitoring of antischistosomal drug activity profiles for screening of compound libraries. iScience 2022; 25:104087. [PMID: 35378863 PMCID: PMC8976133 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects over 200 million people annually. As the antischistosomal drug pipeline is currently empty, repurposing of compound libraries has become a source for accelerating drug development, which demands the implementation of high-throughput and efficient screening strategies. Here, we present a parallelized impedance-based platform for continuous and automated viability evaluation of Schistosoma mansoni schistosomula in 128 microwells during 72 h to identify antischistosomal hits in vitro. By initially screening 57 repurposed compounds against larvae, five drugs are identified, which reduce parasite viability by more than 70%. The activity profiles of the selected drugs are then investigated via real-time dose-response monitoring, and four compounds reveal high potency and rapid action, which renders them suitable candidates for follow-up tests against adult parasites. The study shows that our device is a reliable tool for real-time drug screening analysis of libraries to identify new promising therapeutics against schistosomiasis. Scalable, plastic microwell chip with integrated platinum electrodes Automated impedance-based recording of 128 microwell units in parallel Continuous monitoring of in vitro drug library efficacy on schistosomula for 72 h Identification of four fast-acting antischistosomal drugs for in vivo testing
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo S Ravaynia
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Biendl
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, University of Basel, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Centre for Microsystems Technology, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 126, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Jennifer Keiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, University of Basel, Socinstrasse 57, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Hierlemann
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mario M Modena
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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De Muzio F, Cutolo C, Granata V, Fusco R, Ravo L, Maggialetti N, Brunese MC, Grassi R, Grassi F, Bruno F, Palumbo P, Palatresi D, Cozzi D, Danti G. CT study protocol optimization in acute non-traumatic abdominal settings. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:860-878. [PMID: 35179752 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202202_27995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal acute pain is a manifestation of heterogeneous medical conditions, with difficult clinical-laboratory assessment. Multi-detector CT (MDCT) is the gold standard imaging technique for evaluating adult patients with acute abdominal pain. Due to its fast execution and the high spatial resolution, CT is fundamental in the diagnostic and therapeutic work-up of patients with time-dependent pathology that could require surgical treatment, reducing mortality and morbidity. However, the radiological risk connected to the ionizing radiation use should not be underestimated, especially in young patients. The aim of this study is to identify optimized CT protocols to apply in the management of non-traumatic acute abdomen. In particular, this review is focused on the main emergency settings: acute pancreatitis, small bowel obstruction, acute appendicitis and acute diverticulitis. This survey would not be complete without mentioning Dual-Energy CT (DECT) technique, one of the last frontiers in CT, achieving encouraging results also in acute abdominal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F De Muzio
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
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Granata V, Fusco R, Venanzio Setola S, Barretta ML, Iasevoli DMA, Palaia R, Belli A, Patrone R, Tatangelo F, Grazzini G, Grassi R, Grassi F, Grassi R, Anselmo A, Izzo F, Petrillo A. Diagnostic performance of LI-RADS in adult patients with rare hepatic tumors. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:399-414. [PMID: 35113415 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202201_27864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The rare hepatic tumor can have a wide spectrum of radiologic features, representing a diagnostic challenge. Our purpose is to report the experience of a National Cancer Center, emphasizing the radiological features encountered and assessing the LR-M categories in the diagnostic performances for these lesions. PATIENTS AND METHODS We assessed 113 patients who underwent surgical resection or biopsy for rare liver lesions from May 2010 to December 2020. For these patients a computerized search of radiological records was performed to identify which had been studied with MRI and CT. For each lesion, the radiologists recorded the attenuation on CT studies and signal intensity (SI) in T1 weighted (W), in T2-W, DWI and in the related map of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). We assessed the presence and the type of contrast enhancement (CE) during contrast study on CT and MRI and the enhancement was categorized according to LI-RADS 2018. We also assessed the presence of other features in LR-M categories (ancillary LR-M features) in order to classify different subgroups. The lesions were classified according to LR categories, and the gold standard was histological analysis. RESULTS The final study population included 95 patients (46 females and 49 males), with a mean age of 51 years (range 38-83 years). 83 patients had solid lesions, 12 patients had cystic lesions (simple or complex). According to histological analysis, we categorized 79 patients with malignant lesions and 16 patients with benign lesions. According to radiological features we assessed as malignant 82 patients (79 true malignant and 3 false malignant), as benign 13 patients (all true benign). Therefore, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of radiological features to identify benign and malignant lesions were 100.0%, 81.3%, 96.3%, 100.0% and 96.8%, respectively. We found no significant difference in signal and contrast enhancement appearance among all LR-M categories (p-value =0.34 at Chi square test). However, among LR-M categories the presence of satellite nodules was a feature typical of cHCC-CC (p-value < 0.05 at Chi square test). The presence of intra lesion necrosis and haemorrhage was suggestive of sarcoma (p-value < 0.05 at Chi square test). CONCLUSIONS High diagnostic accuracy was obtained by LI-RADS classification between malignant and benign lesion. The presence of ancillary features could help the radiologist towards a correct diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Granata
- Division of Radiology, "Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale - IRCCS di Napoli", Naples, Italy.
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Gambari L, Grigolo B, Grassi F. Dietary organosulfur compounds: Emerging players in the regulation of bone homeostasis by plant-derived molecules. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:937956. [PMID: 36187121 PMCID: PMC9521401 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.937956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The progressive decline of bone mass and the deterioration of bone microarchitecture are hallmarks of the bone aging. The resulting increase in bone fragility is the leading cause of bone fractures, a major cause of disability. As the frontline pharmacological treatments for osteoporosis suffer from low patients' adherence and occasional side effects, the importance of diet regimens for the prevention of excessive bone fragility has been increasingly recognized. Indeed, certain diet components have been already associated to a reduced fracture risk. Organosulfur compounds are a broad class of molecules containing sulfur. Among them, several molecules of potential therapeutic interest are found in edible plants belonging to the Allium and Brassica botanical genera. Polysulfides derived from Alliaceae and isothiocyanates derived from Brassicaceae hold remarkable nutraceutical potential as anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, vasorelaxant and hypolipemic. Some of these effects are linked to the ability to release the gasotrasmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Recent preclinical studies have investigated the effect of organosulfur compounds in bone wasting and metabolic bone diseases, revealing a strong potential to preserve skeletal health by exerting cytoprotection and stimulating the bone forming activity by osteoblasts and attenuating bone resorption by osteoclasts. This review is intended for revising evidence from preclinical and epidemiological studies on the skeletal effects of organosulfur molecules of dietary origin, with emphasis on the direct regulation of bone cells by plant-derived polysulfides, glucosinolates and isothiocyanates. Moreover, we highlight the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the biological role of these compounds and revise the importance of the so-called 'H2S-system' on the regulation of bone homeostasis.
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Granata V, Bicchierai G, Fusco R, Cozzi D, Grazzini G, Danti G, De Muzio F, Maggialetti N, Smorchkova O, D'Elia M, Brunese MC, Grassi R, Giacobbe G, Bruno F, Palumbo P, Grassi F, Brunese L, Grassi R, Miele V, Barile A. Diagnostic protocols in oncology: workup and treatment planning. Part 2: Abbreviated MR protocol. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:6499-6528. [PMID: 34787854 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202111_27094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive imaging technique (non-ionizing radiation) with superior soft tissue contrasts and potential morphological and functional applications. However, long examination and interpretation times, as well as higher costs, still represent barriers to MRI use in clinical routine. Abbreviated MRI protocols have emerged as an alternative to standard MRI protocols. Abbreviated MRI protocols eliminate redundant sequences that negatively affect cost, acquisition time, patient comfort. However, the diagnostic information is generally not compromised. Abbreviated MRI protocols have already been utilized for hepatocellular carcinoma, for prostate cancer detection, and for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Granata
- Division of Radiology, "Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale - IRCCS di Napoli", Naples, Italy.
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22
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Latorre V, Spaccavento S, Papazacharias A, Grassi F, Cantacessi M, De Dominicis F, Montalbò D, Semisa D. Risk evaluation of relapse into violent crime in offenders with mental disorders in two different rehabilitation programs: a case-control study. Clin Ter 2021; 172:438-441. [PMID: 34625776 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2021.2355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Over the last years, many research groups have been working on evaluating the most appropriate rehabilitation approaches in offenders with mental disorders, taking into account the need to prevent crime reiteration. The HKT-R (Historisch Klinisch Toekomst- Revised), recently validated in Italy, is a comprehensive tool that offers useful indications to healthcare operators on relapse hazard and major risk areas on which intensify rehabilitation treatments. The present study aims to assess the risk of violent crime recidivism in psychiatric patients during different rehabilitative pats. Materials&Methods the risk of violent crime recidivism was assessed by using the HKT-R in 34 patients with mental disorders treated in ordinary psychiatric therapeutic rehabilitative units (CRAP - Comunità Terapeutiche Riabilitative Assistenziali Psichiatriche) and in CRAP-D (Comunità Terapeutiche Riabilitative Assistenziali Psichiatriche Dedicate) specialized in crime offenders. Results and Conclusions Results have demonstrated a higher risk of violent behavior in CRAP-D, and a negative correlation between the risk of violent recidivism, global functioning of patients, and length of care program. These data suggest that residential rehabilita-tion programs, by improving personal and social functioning, could negatively impact the risk of violent crime recidivism, especially in patients with severe mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Latorre
- Departmental Unit of Penitentiary Psychiatry - Department of Mental Health ASL Bari, Italy
| | - S Spaccavento
- Direction of Department of Mental Health ASL Bari, Italy
| | | | - F Grassi
- Departmental Unit of Penitentiary Psychiatry - Department of Mental Health ASL Bari, Italy
| | - M Cantacessi
- Departmental Unit of Penitentiary Psychiatry - Department of Mental Health ASL Bari, Italy
| | - F De Dominicis
- Departmental Unit of Penitentiary Psychiatry - Department of Mental Health ASL Bari, Italy
| | - D Montalbò
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - D Semisa
- Departmental Unit of Penitentiary Psychiatry - Department of Mental Health ASL Bari, Italy.,Direction of Department of Mental Health ASL Bari, Italy
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Pulcini G, Bizzarri N, Cintoni M, Di Donato A, D'Indinosante M, Fagotti A, Grassi F, Mele M, Rinninella E. NUTRITIONAL MANAGEMENT OF PANCREATIC FISTULA POST SPLENECTOMY DURING CYTOREDUCTIVE SURGERY FOR OVARIAN CANCER. Nutrition 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Taheri Gorji H, Leocadi M, Grassi F, Galati G. The art gallery maze: a novel tool to assess human navigational abilities. Cogn Process 2021; 22:501-514. [PMID: 33792831 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-021-01022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Humans differ widely in their ability to navigate effectively through the environment and in spatial memory skills. Navigation in the environment requires the analysis of many spatial cues, the construction of internal representations, and the use of various strategies. We present a novel tool to assess individual differences in human navigation, consisting of a virtual radial-arm maze presented as an art gallery to explore whether different sets of instructions (intentional or incidental) affect subjects' navigation performance. We furthermore tested the effect of the instructions on exploration strategies during both place learning and recall. We evaluated way-finding ability in 42 subjects, and individual differences in navigation were assessed through the analysis of navigational paths, which permitted the isolation and definition of a few strategies adopted by the incidental and intentional instructions groups. Our results showed that the intentional instruction group performed better than the other group: these subjects correctly paired each central statue and the two paintings in the adjacent arms, and they made less working and reference memory errors. Our analysis of path lengths showed that the intentional instruction group spent more time in the maze (thus being slower), specifically in the central hall, and covered more distance; the time spent in the main hall was, therefore, indicative of the quality of the following performance. Studying how environmental representations and the relative navigational strategies vary among "intentional" and "incidental" groups provides a new window into the acknowledgment of possible strategies to help subjects construct more efficient approaches in human navigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Taheri Gorji
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy. .,Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy.
| | - Michela Leocadi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina, 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaspare Galati
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, Santa Lucia Foundation (IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia), Rome, Italy
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Gambari L, Grigolo B, Filardo G, Grassi F. Sulfurous thermal waters stimulate the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells – An in vitro study. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Gambari L, Grassi F, Roseti L, Grigolo B, Desando G. Learning from Monocyte-Macrophage Fusion and Multinucleation: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Osteoporosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176001. [PMID: 32825443 PMCID: PMC7504439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive bone resorption by osteoclasts (OCs) covers an essential role in developing bone diseases, such as osteoporosis (OP) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Monocytes or macrophages fusion and multinucleation (M-FM) are key processes for generating multinucleated mature cells with essential roles in bone remodelling. Depending on the phenotypic heterogeneity of monocyte/macrophage precursors and the extracellular milieu, two distinct morphological and functional cell types can arise mature OCs and giant cells (GCs). Despite their biological relevance in several physiological and pathological responses, many gaps exist in our understanding of their formation and role in bone, including the molecular determinants of cell fusion and multinucleation. Here, we outline fusogenic molecules during M-FM involved in OCs and GCs formation in healthy conditions and during OP and RA. Moreover, we discuss the impact of the inflammatory milieu on modulating macrophages phenotype and their differentiation towards mature cells. Methodological approach envisaged searches on Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and EMBASE databases to select relevant studies on M-FM, osteoclastogenesis, inflammation, OP, and RA. This review intends to give a state-of-the-art description of mechanisms beyond osteoclastogenesis and M-FM, with a focus on OP and RA, and to highlight potential biological therapeutic targets to prevent extreme bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Livia Roseti
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (B.G.); Tel.: +39-051-6366090 (B.G.)
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Cintoni M, Rinninella E, Grassi F, Leone S, Scialanga F, Biondi A, Persiani R, D'Ugo D, Gasbarrini A, Mele M. THE IMPACT OF THE NUTRICATT PROTOCOL ON BODY COMPOSITION OF COLORECTAL CANCER PATIENTS: PRELIMINARY DATA. Nutrition 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Silvestri S, Ferrante D, Giovannini A, Grassi F, Carofalo S, Ferrara R, Magnani C, Mirabelli D. Asbestos Exposure of Chrysotile Miners and Millers in Balangero, Italy. Ann Work Expo Health 2020; 64:636-644. [PMID: 32358603 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The largest chrysotile mine in Western Europe was active in Balangero (Italy) from 1917 to 1990. We quantitatively assessed exposure to asbestos in the framework of a cohort study on mortality of Balangero miners and millers. Using documents filed at the Italian State Archive we reconstructed the job-histories of cohort members. The concentration of asbestos fibres by work-area was derived from industrial hygiene surveys since 1968 and monitoring programs since 1975. Earlier exposures had been estimated based on the experimental reconstruction of past working conditions. In the mine concentrations of about 20 fibres per millilitre (f/ml) were initially present, decreasing to 5 in the mid-1950s and to <1 in late 1970s. In milling areas higher levels were present and did not fall below 1 f/ml until the mid-1980s. Cumulative exposure of cohort members, as the sum over their job-history of their year- and area-specific exposures, were <10 fibre/millilitre years (f/ml-y) in 18% of workers, 10-100 in 32%, 100-1000 in 37%, and >1000 in 13%. Compared with recently published estimates for the Russian chrysotile mine in Asbest, fibre concentrations in Balangero were higher during the 1950s and 1960s. Such difference may be partly accounted for by difficulties in converting dust measurements to fibre concentrations in the Russian study and the need to rely on the experimental reconstruction of exposures before 1968 in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Silvestri
- Cancer Research and Prevention Institute (ISPRO), Firenze, Italy.,Department of Translational Medicine, Unit of Medical Statistics and Cancer Epidemiology, CPO Piemonte and University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Daniela Ferrante
- Department of Translational Medicine, Unit of Medical Statistics and Cancer Epidemiology, CPO Piemonte and University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Rita Ferrara
- Public Prosecution Office, Turin Court, Turin, Italy
| | - Corrado Magnani
- Department of Translational Medicine, Unit of Medical Statistics and Cancer Epidemiology, CPO Piemonte and University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.,Interdepartmental Centre G. Scansetti for Studies on Asbestos and other Toxic Particulates, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Mirabelli
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, CPO-Piemonte and University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Interdepartmental Centre G. Scansetti for Studies on Asbestos and other Toxic Particulates, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Gerosa M, Facciotti F, Larghi P, Bosotti R, Vasco C, Gagliani N, Cordiglieri C, Rottoli E, Penatti AE, Argolini LM, Karnani B, Kobayashi Y, Bombaci M, Van Hamburg JP, Gualtierotti R, Gatti S, Torretta S, Pignataro L, Tas SW, Caporali R, Abrignani S, Pagani M, Grassi F, Meroni PL, Flavell R, Geginat J. THU0221 EVIDENCE FOR A PATHOGENIC ROLE OF EXTRA-FOLLICULAR, IL-10 PRODUCING CCR6+B-HELPER T-CELLS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:IL-10 plays a key role in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis, promoting B-cell response. IL10 is mainly secreted by regulatory T-cells, but follicular helper T-cells (TFH), also produce it. We previously identified a subset of CCR6+IL-7R+T-cells in human tonsils providing IL-10-dependent B-cell help. These CCR6+T-cells were able to produce IL-10, inducing IgG production.Objectives:to investigate a possible role of CD4+CCR6+IL7R+T-cells in SLE pathogenesis.Methods:37 patients fulfilling the ACR criteria for SLE have been included. Disease activity was assessed by 2k-SLEDAI. PBMC were analyzed by flow cytometry, using specific lineage markers. CCR6+IL7R+T-cells purified from total PBMC of SLE patients or healthy donors (HD) were co-cultured with autologous CD20+B-cells. IL-10, Il-17, total IgG and anti-dsDNA antibodies titers in patients serum and culture supernatants were assessed by ELISA. Embedded sections of lymph nodes from 8 SLE patients were analyzed by immunofluorescence (IF).Results:IL10 levels were significantly higher in SLE patients (Fig 1A). CD4+CCR6+IL7R+T-cells were significantly increased in SLE, in particular in those with higher disease activity and higher IL10 levels. CD4+CCR6+IL7R+T-cells levels associated with anti-dsDNA positivity. CCR6+IL7R+T-cells of SLE patients induced production of IgG and anti-dsDNA IgG (in anti-dsDNA + patients) from autologous B-cells, providing spontaneous help for autoantibody productionex vivo(Fig 1B-C). The IF study of lymph nodes of SLE patients showed that IL-10-producing CCR6+T-cells were highly abundant and co-localized with B-cells at follicle margins.Fig 1Conclusion:our study revealed a novel population of extra-follicular B-helper T-cells, which produce IL-10 and could play a prominent pathogenic role in SLE. Further studies will clarify if this potentially pathogenic cell population might represent a possible future therapeutic target.References:[1]Facciotti F. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016; Geginat J. Semin Immunol. 2019; Tsokos GC. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019Tab 1:SLE patients characteristics(n=37)DemographicsFemale/Male, n37/5Age, years, median (IQR)44 (38-49)Disease duration, years, median (IQR)19 (11-26)Lab testsANA86%*anti-dsDNA (%)46% medium/high titre41%Disease activity and clinical manifestations SLEDAI-2K, median (min-max)3.5 (0-24) Moderate/high activity19%Ongoing therapyPrednisone dose mg/day, median (IQR)7,5 mg (2,5 – 20)hydroxychloroquine78%Immunosuppressants87%Fig 2Disclosure of Interests: :Maria Gerosa: None declared, Federica Facciotti: None declared, Paola Larghi: None declared, Roberto Bosotti: None declared, Chiara Vasco: None declared, Nicola Gagliani: None declared, Chiara Cordiglieri: None declared, Elsa Rottoli: None declared, Alessandra Emiliana Penatti: None declared, Lorenza Maria Argolini: None declared, Bhavna Karnani: None declared, Yasushi Kobayashi: None declared, Mauro Bombaci: None declared, Jan Piet Van Hamburg: None declared, Roberta Gualtierotti: None declared, Stefano Gatti: None declared, Sara Torretta: None declared, Lorenzo Pignataro: None declared, Sander W. Tas: None declared, Roberto Caporali Consultant of: AbbVie; Gilead Sciences, Inc.; Lilly; Merck Sharp & Dohme; Celgene; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Pfizer; UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Celgene; Lilly; Gilead Sciences, Inc; MSD; Pfizer; Roche; UCB, Sergio Abrignani: None declared, Massimiliano Pagani: None declared, Fabio Grassi: None declared, Pier Luigi Meroni: None declared, Richard Flavell: None declared, Jens Geginat: None declared
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Eller-Vainicher C, Cairoli E, Grassi G, Grassi F, Catalano A, Merlotti D, Falchetti A, Gaudio A, Chiodini I, Gennari L. Pathophysiology and Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Bone Fragility. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:7608964. [PMID: 32566682 PMCID: PMC7262667 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7608964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an increased risk of bone fragility fractures compared to nondiabetic subjects. This increased fracture risk may occur despite normal or even increased values of bone mineral density (BMD), and poor bone quality is suggested to contribute to skeletal fragility in this population. These concepts explain why the only evaluation of BMD could not be considered an adequate tool for evaluating the risk of fracture in the individual T2DM patient. Unfortunately, nowadays, the bone quality could not be reliably evaluated in the routine clinical practice. On the other hand, getting further insight on the pathogenesis of T2DM-related bone fragility could consent to ameliorate both the detection of the patients at risk for fracture and their appropriate treatment. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the increased risk of fragility fractures in a T2DM population are complex. Indeed, in T2DM, bone health is negatively affected by several factors, such as inflammatory cytokines, muscle-derived hormones, incretins, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production and cortisol secretion, peripheral activation, and sensitivity. All these factors may alter bone formation and resorption, collagen formation, and bone marrow adiposity, ultimately leading to reduced bone strength. Additional factors such as hypoglycemia and the consequent increased propensity for falls and the direct effects on bone and mineral metabolism of certain antidiabetic medications may contribute to the increased fracture risk in this population. The purpose of this review is to summarize the literature evidence that faces the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying bone fragility in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Eller-Vainicher
- Unit of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - E. Cairoli
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Italy
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences & Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - G. Grassi
- Unit of Endocrinology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences & Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Grassi
- Ramses Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Catalano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - D. Merlotti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
| | - A. Falchetti
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Italy
| | - A. Gaudio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, University Hospital ‘G. Rodolico', Catania, Italy
| | - I. Chiodini
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Unit for Bone Metabolism Diseases and Diabetes & Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Italy
- Dept. of Clinical Sciences & Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - L. Gennari
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Italy
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Geginat J, Vasco M, Gerosa M, Tas SW, Pagani M, Grassi F, Flavell RA, Meroni P, Abrignani S. IL-10 producing regulatory and helper T-cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Semin Immunol 2019; 44:101330. [PMID: 31735515 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2019.101330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a highly heterogeneous autoimmune disease characterised by the production of pathogenic autoantibodies against nuclear self-antigens. The anti-inflammatory and tolerogenic cytokine Interleukin-10 appears to play a paradoxical pathogenic role in SLE and is therefore currently therapeutically targeted in clinical trials. It is generally assumed that the pathogenic effect of IL-10 in SLE is due to its growth and differentiation factor activity on autoreactive B-cells, but effects on other cells might also play a role. To date, a unique cellular source of pathogenic IL-10 in SLE has not been identified. In this review, we focus on the contribution of different CD4+T-cell subsets to IL-10 and autoantibody production in SLE. In particular, we discuss that IL-10 produced by different subsets of adaptive regulatory T-cells, follicular helper T-cells and extra-follicular B-helper T-cells is likely to have different effects on autoreactive B-cell responses. A better understanding of the role of IL-10 in B-cell responses and lupus would allow to identify the most promising therapies for individual SLE patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Geginat
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy.
| | - M Vasco
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy
| | - M Gerosa
- DISCCO, Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy; ASST Istituto G. Pini, Milan, Italy
| | - S W Tas
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology and Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Amsterdam Rheumatology & immunology Center (ARC), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Pagani
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology and Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute and Amsterdam Rheumatology & immunology Center (ARC), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Italy
| | - F Grassi
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - R A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, USA
| | - Pl Meroni
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milano, Italy
| | - S Abrignani
- INGM-National Institute of Molecular Genetics "Romeo ed Enrica Invernizzi", Milan, Italy; DISCCO, Department of Clinical Science and Community Health, University of Milan, Italy
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Raggio R, Bonani W, Callone E, Dirè S, Gambari L, Grassi F, Motta A. Silk Fibroin Porous Scaffolds Loaded with a Slow-Releasing Hydrogen Sulfide Agent (GYY4137) for Applications of Tissue Engineering. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:2956-2966. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosasilvia Raggio
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
- BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Via delle Regole 101, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Walter Bonani
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
- BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Via delle Regole 101, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Emanuela Callone
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
- “Klaus Muller” Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Sandra Dirè
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
- “Klaus Muller” Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Laura Gambari
- RAMSES Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- RAMSES Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Motta
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Via Sommarive 9, 38123 Trento, Italy
- BIOtech Research Center and European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Via delle Regole 101, 38123 Trento, Italy
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Grossi S, Grassi F, Galleani L, Bianchi F, Conte MR. A comparison of contact force and remote magnetic navigation on lesion formation for the ablation of atrial fibrillation. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2018; 41:450-458. [DOI: 10.1111/pace.13295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications; Politecnico di Torino; Turin Italy
| | - Lorenzo Galleani
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications; Politecnico di Torino; Turin Italy
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Iacono A, Pompa A, De Marchis F, Bellucci M, Grassi F, Grohmann U, Pallotta M. Relationship between functions and intracellular localization of the immune checkpoint target indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy047.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Lambertini E, Penolazzi L, Angelozzi M, Grassi F, Gambari L, Lisignoli G, De Bonis P, Cavallo M, Piva R. The expression of cystathionine gamma-lyase is regulated by estrogen receptor alpha in human osteoblasts. Oncotarget 2017; 8:101686-101696. [PMID: 29254196 PMCID: PMC5731906 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), generated in the osteoblasts predominantly via cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), is bone protective. Previous studies suggested that the onset of bone loss due to estrogen deficiency is associated to decreased levels of H2S and blunted gene expression of CSE. However, there are still a lot of unknowns on how H2S levels influence bone cells function. The present study aims to explore the mechanisms by which estrogen may regulate CSE expression, in particular the role of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in human osteoblasts (hOBs). Vertebral lamina derived hOBs were characterized and then assessed for CSE expression by western blot analysis in the presence or absence of ERα overexpression. Bioinformatic analysis, luciferase reporter assay and ChIP assay were performed to investigate ERα recruitment and activity on hCSE gene promoter. Three putative half Estrogen Responsive Elements (EREs) were identified in the hCSE core promoter and were found to participate in the ERα - mediated positive regulation of CSE expression. All osteoblast samples responded to ERα over-expression increasing the levels of CSE protein in a comparable manner. Notably, the ERα recruitment on the regulatory regions of the CSE promoter occurred predominantly in female hOBs than in male hOBs. The obtained results suggest that CSE/H2S system is in relation with estrogen signaling in bone in a gender specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Lambertini
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Letizia Penolazzi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Angelozzi
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Laura Gambari
- Ramses Laboratory, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- Laboratory of Immunorheumatology and Tissue Regeneration, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pasquale De Bonis
- Department of Neurosurgery, S. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Cavallo
- Department of Neurosurgery, S. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Piva
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Rapposelli S, Gambari L, Digiacomo M, Citi V, Lisignoli G, Manferdini C, Calderone V, Grassi F. A Novel H2S-releasing Amino-Bisphosphonate which combines bone anti-catabolic and anabolic functions. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11940. [PMID: 28931828 PMCID: PMC5607332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are the first-line treatment of bone loss resulting from various pathological conditions. Due to their high affinity to bone they have been used to develop conjugates with pro-anabolic or anti-catabolic drugs. We recently demontrated that hydrogen sulfide (H2S), promotes osteogenesis and inhibits osteoclast differentiation. Here we developed an innovative molecule, named DM-22, obtained from the combination of alendronate (AL) and the H2S-releasing moiety aryl-isothiocyanate. DM-22 and AL were assayed in vitro in the concentration range 1-33 μM for effects on viability and function of human osteoclasts (h-OCs) and mesenchymal stromal cells (h-MSCs) undergoing osteogenic differentiation. Amperometric measures revealed that DM-22 releases H2S at a slow rate with a thiol-dependent mechanism. DM-22 significantly inhibited h-OCs differentiation and function, maintaining a residual h-OCs viability even at the high dose of 33 μM. Contrary to AL, in h-MSCs DM-22 did not induce cytotoxicity as revealed by LDH assay, significantly stimulated mineralization as measured by Alizarin Red staining and increased mRNA expression of Collagen I as compared to control cultures. In conclusion, DM-22 is a new BP which inhibits h-OCs function and stimulate osteogenic differentiation of h-MSCs, without cytotoxicity. DM-22 is an ideal candidate for a novel family of osteoanabolic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Rapposelli
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Digiacomo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Citi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, I-56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
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Gambari L, Lisignoli G, Gabusi E, Manferdini C, Paolella F, Piacentini A, Grassi F. Distinctive expression pattern of cystathionine-β-synthase and cystathionine-γ-lyase identifies mesenchymal stromal cells transition to mineralizing osteoblasts. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:3574-3585. [PMID: 28121025 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are key players in the repair or regeneration of the damaged bone tissue. However, heterogeneity exists between MSCs derived from different donors in their bone formation ability both in vitro and in vivo. The identification of markers defining MSCs with different functional phenotypes is fundamental to maximize their clinical potential. In our previous in vivo study, impaired expression in MSCs of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), the two key enzymes in the catabolic pathway of homocysteine, was associated to decreased bone formation and to the onset of osteoporosis in mice. Here, we investigated whether osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs (hMSCs) modulates the expression of CBS and CSE. The expression of CBS and CSE was also assessed during chondrogenesis to confirm the specificity of their expression during osteogenesis. hMSCs displayed a heterogeneous mineralizing capacity between donors (70% of the samples mineralized, while 30% did not mineralize). Inducible expression of CBS and CSE was found to be associated with a mineralizing phenotype in hMSCs. In particular, up-regulation of CSE was restricted to hMSCs undergoing mineralization. During chondrogenesis, CBS was significantly up-regulated while CSE expression was not affected. Ex-vivo findings confirmed that mature h-osteoblasts (hOBs) show consistently higher expression of CBS and CSE than hMSCs. Our data provide the first evidence that the expression of CBS and CSE in hMSCs closely correlates with the transition of hMSCs toward the osteoblastic phenotype and that CSE may constitute a novel marker of osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Gabusi
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Paolella
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Piacentini
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Grossi S, Grassi F, Galleani L, Bianchi F, Sibona Masi A, Conte MR. Atrial Conduction Velocity Correlates with Frequency Content of Bipolar Signal. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 2016; 39:814-21. [PMID: 27196672 DOI: 10.1111/pace.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anisotropy in conduction velocity (CV) is a key substrate abnormality influencing atrial arrhythmias. In skeletal muscle fibers, CV and frequency content of the surface electromyogram signal are directly related. We hypothesized that in human atria the frequency content of the bipolar signal, recorded on the endocardial surface, is directly related to the local CV. METHODS In 15 patients submitted to ablation of supraventricular arrhythmias, incremental pacing was performed through an octapolar catheter inserted into the coronary sinus (CS), alternatively from both extremities in two different sequences: CS bipole 1-2 as the pacing site and CS bipole 7-8 as the detection site in the first, and vice versa in the second. The pacing cycle length (PCL) was stepwise decreased from 600 ms to 500 ms, 400 ms, 300 ms, until 250 ms. Estimation of the CV was performed as the ratio between the distance traveled by the propagating pulse and the propagation time. The frequency distribution of the signal energy was estimated using the fast Fourier transform, and the characteristic frequency (CF) was estimated as the barycenter of the frequency spectrum. RESULTS A total of 2,496 bipolar signals were analyzed; CV and CF were estimated and compared. The single patient and group data analysis showed a significant direct correlation between CV and CF of the local bipolar signal. CONCLUSIONS Comparing the degree of spectral compression among signals registered in different points of the endocardial cardiac surface in response to decreasing PCL enables to map local differences in CV, a useful arrhythmogenic substrate index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Grossi
- Cardiology Department, Mauriziano Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Galleani
- Department of Electronics and Telecommunications, Politecnico di Torino, Italy
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Grassi F, Tyagi AM, Calvert JW, Gambari L, Walker LD, Yu M, Robinson J, Li JY, Lisignoli G, Vaccaro C, Adams J, Pacifici R. Hydrogen Sulfide Is a Novel Regulator of Bone Formation Implicated in the Bone Loss Induced by Estrogen Deficiency. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:949-63. [PMID: 26614970 PMCID: PMC4862919 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is a gasotransmitter known to regulate bone formation and bone mass in unperturbed mice. However, it is presently unknown whether H2 S plays a role in pathologic bone loss. Here we show that ovariectomy (ovx), a model of postmenopausal bone loss, decreases serum H2 S levels and the bone marrow (BM) levels of two key H2 S-generating enzymes, cystathione β-synthase (CBS) and cystathione γ-lyase (CSE). Treatment with the H2 S-donor GYY4137 (GYY) normalizes serum H2 S in ovx mice, increases bone formation, and completely prevents the loss of trabecular bone induced by ovx. Mechanistic studies revealed that GYY increases murine osteoblastogenesis by activating Wnt signaling through increased production of the Wnt ligands Wnt16, Wnt2b, Wnt6, and Wnt10b in the BM. Moreover, in vitro treatment with 17β-estradiol upregulates the expression of CBS and CSE in human BM stromal cells (hSCs), whereas an H2 S-releasing drug induces osteogenic differentiation of hSCs. In summary, regulation of H2 S levels is a novel mechanism by which estrogen stimulates osteoblastogenesis and bone formation in mice and human cells. Blunted production of H2 S contributes to ovx-induced bone loss in mice by limiting the compensatory increase in bone formation elicited by ovx. Restoration of H2 S levels is a potential novel therapeutic approach for postmenopausal osteoporosis. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdul Malik Tyagi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - John W Calvert
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lindsey D Walker
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mingcan Yu
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jerid Robinson
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jau-Yi Li
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Vaccaro
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jonathan Adams
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Roberto Pacifici
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Lipids, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Immunology and Molecular Pathogenesis Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Manferdini C, Maumus M, Gabusi E, Paolella F, Grassi F, Jorgensen C, Fleury-Cappellesso S, Noël D, Lisignoli G. Lack of anti-inflammatory and anti-catabolic effects on basal inflamed osteoarthritic chondrocytes or synoviocytes by adipose stem cell-conditioned medium. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:2045-57. [PMID: 26521751 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define whether good manufacturing practice (GMP)-clinical grade adipose stem cell (ASC)-derived conditioned medium (CM) is as effective as GMP-ASC in modulating inflammatory and catabolic factors released by both osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes or synoviocytes. METHODS OA chondrocytes and synoviocytes were treated with ASC-CM or co-cultured with ASC. Inflammatory factors (IL6, CXCL1/GROα,CXCL8/IL8, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1α and CCL5/RANTES) and proteinases, such as metalloproteinase (MMP13), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5) and their tissue metalloproteinase inhibitors (TIMP1, TIMP3) were evaluated by qRT-PCR or immunoassays. The involvement of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was also analyzed. RESULTS Most ASC-CM ratios tested did not decrease IL6, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP1-α, CCL5/RANTES on basal inflamed chondrocytes or synoviocytes in contrast to what we found using ASC in co-culture. CXCL8/IL8 and CXCL1/GROα were not decreased by ASC-CM on synoviocytes but were only partially reduced on chondrocytes. Moreover, ASC-CM was less efficient both on basal inflamed OA chondrocytes and synoviocytes in reducing proteinases, such as MMP13, ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5 and increasing TIMP1 and TIMP3 compared to ASC in co-culture. The different ratios of ASC-CM contain lower amounts of PGE2 which were not sufficient to reduce inflammatory factors. CONCLUSIONS These data show that ASC-CM has a limited ability to decrease inflammatory and proteinases factors produced by OA chondrocytes or synoviocytes. ASC-CM is not sufficient to recapitulate the beneficial effect demonstrated using ASC in co-culture with inflamed OA chondrocytes and synoviocytes and shows that their use in clinical trials is fundamental to counteract OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Manferdini
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna 40136, Italy; Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna 40136, Italy.
| | - M Maumus
- Inserm U844, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier F-34295, France; Université Montpellier 1, UFR de Médicine, Montpellier F-34967, France.
| | - E Gabusi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna 40136, Italy.
| | - F Paolella
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna 40136, Italy.
| | - F Grassi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna 40136, Italy.
| | - C Jorgensen
- Inserm U844, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier F-34295, France; Université Montpellier 1, UFR de Médicine, Montpellier F-34967, France; Service d'Immuno-Rhumatologie Thérapeutique, Hopital Lapeyronie, Montpellier F-34295, France.
| | | | - D Noël
- Inserm U844, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier F-34295, France; Université Montpellier 1, UFR de Médicine, Montpellier F-34967, France.
| | - G Lisignoli
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna 40136, Italy; Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna 40136, Italy.
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Mininni C, Grassi F, Traversa A, Cocozza C, Parente A, Miano T, Santamaria P. Posidonia oceanica (L.) based compost as substrate for potted basil production. J Sci Food Agric 2015; 95:2041-6. [PMID: 25228315 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peat is the main component of growing media but is also a non-renewable resource; therefore European policy strongly encourages the use of peat alternatives such as compost. Posidonia is a Mediterranean seagrass that produces very conspicuous onshore deposits that can be composted. In this study, a commercial green compost and a Posidonia residue-based compost were tested in order to assess their potential use as substitutes or complements to peat. RESULTS All macro and micro-element concentrations of the substrates were positively and significantly related to the percentage of composts in the growing media. Plant grown on peat showed higher content of P, Ca, K, Na, Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe, and a slightly higher biomass production in comparison to compost-based growing media. In contrast, plants grown on compost-based substrates showed lower uptake of Cd and Cr than peat. CONCLUSION The results indicate that both composts can be used as a complement to the peat for substrate preparation, especially at a rate of 30%. The Posidonia-based compost showed better productive results in comparison to the green one. Basil grown on the two compost-based media showed reduced absorption level of potentially toxic metals in comparison to peat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Mininni
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agro-Ambientali e Territoriali, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Andreina Traversa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, degli Alimenti e dell'Ambiente, University of Foggia, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - Claudio Cocozza
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Parente
- Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Teodoro Miano
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - Pietro Santamaria
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agro-Ambientali e Territoriali, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Via Amendola 165/A, 70126, Bari, Italy
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Leigheb M, Conte P, Neri P, Zorzolo I, Martinelli D, Martino F, Carriero A, Grassi F. Thompson calf squeezing test: clinical and ultrasound correlations in the follow up of Achille's tenorraphy. Acta Biomed 2014; 85 Suppl 2:102-106. [PMID: 25409728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the follow up of Achille's tenorraphy, negativization of Thompson calf queezing test is not always omogeneous and absolute. Aim of the paper is to correlate Thompson test to different anatomical-ultrasound and functional parameters. We investigated clinically and by ultrasound 61 patients operated on of Achille's tenorraphy at Novara Hospital with follow-up of 10 to 46 months. Negative controls were contralateral tendons. We excluded patients with previous and/or contralateral Achille's tendon ruptures, those operated after 7 days, diabetics or with autoimmune diseases, if used topic steroids, < 18 years, those rejecting the study. Measured parameters were: age, gender, height, weight, side, open vs percutaneous approach, time from operation, neutral angle and range of motion of the ankle, maximal circumference of the leg, Single Heel Rise Test, Visual-Analogue-Scale Foot and Ankle (VAS FA) score; with ultrasound: length of tendons, mio-tendinous U.S.-structure, dynamic diastasis of tendon scar, tendon sliding. Thompson test is positive if no plantar-flexion of the foot occurs at calf squeezing, negative if plantar-flexion is normal (75% patients) and intermediate if reduced or slight reactive (25%).We found correlation of Thompson test with age (p<0,05) and with tendon length (p>0,05), being intermediate tests more represented in older patients and in those with longer healed tendons. In conclusion post-operative negativization of Thompson test can be incomplete as observed in older patients and in those healed with elongated tendon.
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Gambari L, Lisignoli G, Cattini L, Manferdini C, Facchini A, Grassi F. Sodium hydrosulfide inhibits the differentiation of osteoclast progenitor cells via NRF2-dependent mechanism. Pharmacol Res 2014; 87:99-112. [PMID: 24998607 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), which recently emerged as a potent regulator of tissues and organs, is broadly produced in mammalian cells but whether it can regulate bone cell function is still elusive. The main objective of this study was to establish the role of H2S in the regulation of human osteoclast differentiation and function. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), a common H2S-donor, was administered in vitro to CD11b+ human monocytes, the pool of circulating osteoclasts precursors which are critically involved in osteoclast development and function in bone. NaHS dose-dependently decreased human osteoclast differentiation at concentrations which did not induce toxicity. The inhibition of human osteoclast differentiation was associated with a down-regulation in RANKL-dependent intracellular ROS levels in human pre-osteoclasts cells. Furthermore, NaHS up-regulated NRF2 protein expression, its nuclear translocation, and the transcription of the two key downstream antioxidant genes Peroxiredoxin-1 and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1, suggesting that NRF2 activation may inhibit human osteoclast differentiation by activating a sustained antioxidant response in osteoclast progenitors; furthermore, NRF2 activators Sulforaphane and Tert-butylhydroquinone inhibited in vitro human osteoclast differentiation. Moreover, silencing NRF2 in human pre-osteoclasts totally abolished NaHS-mediated inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, suggesting that NRF2 is essential to the inhibitory function of NaHS in osteoclast development. Finally, we found that NaHS also downregulated the RANKL/OPG mRNA ratio in human mesenchymal stem cells, the key osteoclast-supporting cells. Our results suggest that NaHS shows a potential therapeutical role in erosive diseases of bone by regulating both direct and indirect mechanisms controlling the differentiation of circulating osteoclasts precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gambari
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Cattini
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Facchini
- S.C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
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Montesano F, Parente A, Grassi F, Santamaria P. POSIDONIA-BASED COMPOST AS A GROWING MEDIUM FOR THE SOILLESS CULTIVATION OF TOMATO. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2014.1034.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Isella V, Mapelli C, Morielli N, De Gaspari D, Siri C, Pezzoli G, Antonini A, Poletti M, Bonuccelli U, Picchi L, Napolitano A, Vista M, Veglia M, Piamarta F, Grassi F, Appollonio IM. Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's disease- Cognition (SCOPA-Cog). Funct Neurol 2014; 28:121-5. [PMID: 24125562 DOI: 10.11138/fneur/2013.28.2.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's disease-Cognition (SCOPA-Cog) has been shown to be a clinimetrically rigorous and valid instrument for a disease-oriented neuropsychological assessment of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. In the present study we evaluated the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the SCOPA-Cog in 121 PD patients. The scale explores memory, attention, and executive and visuospatial functions and takes approximately 20 minutes to administer. Data distribution (skewness= -0.23) and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha= 0.78) were satisfactory. Standard error of measurement was 3.42. The outcome was significantly worse in patients with an abnormal Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's disease-Cognition (SCOPA-Cog) score on the Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) (SCOPACog mean score 14.6 ± 5.1 out of a total of 43) with respect to cognitively intact subjects (24.2 ± 4.3) (p<0.0001). The DRS showed good convergent validity (Spearman rho= 0.77, p<0.0001), and a high coefficient of variation (= 0.34). These findings support the goodness of the Italian SCOPA-Cog in terms of metrics and validity.
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Baj-Rossi C, Rezzonico Jost T, Cavallini A, Grassi F, De Micheli G, Carrara S. Continuous monitoring of Naproxen by a cytochrome P450-based electrochemical sensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2013; 53:283-7. [PMID: 24144559 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the characterization of an electrochemical biosensor for the continuous monitoring of Naproxen based on cytochrome P450. The electrochemical biosensor is based on the drop-casting of multi-walled carbon-nanotubes (MWCNTs) and microsomal cytochrome P4501A2 (msCYP1A2) on a graphite screen-printed electrode (SPE). The proposed biosensor was employed to monitor Naproxen (NAP), a well-known anti-inflammatory compound, through cyclic voltammetry. The dynamic linear range for the amperometric detection of NAP had an upper limit of 300 µM with a corresponding limit of detection (LOD) of 16 ± 1 µM (S/N=3), which is included in NAP physiological range (9-300 µM). The MWCNT/msCYP1A2-SPE sensor was also calibrated for NAP detection in mouse serum that was previously extracted from mice, showing a slightly higher LOD (33 ± 18 µM). The stability of the msCYP1A2-based biosensor was assessed by longtime continuous cyclic voltammetric measurements. The ability of the sensor to monitor drug delivery was investigated by using a commercial micro-osmotic pump. Results show that the MWCNT/msCYP1A2-SPE sensor is capable of precisely monitoring the real-time delivery of NAP for 16 h. This work proves that the proposed electrochemical sensor might represent an innovative point-of-care solution for the personalization of drug therapies, as well as for pharmacokinetic studies in both animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Baj-Rossi
- Laboratory of Integrated Systems, EPFL - École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Grassi F, Cattini L, Gambari L, Manferdini C, Piacentini A, Gabusi E, Facchini A, Lisignoli G. T cell subsets differently regulate osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2013; 10:305-14. [PMID: 23653421 DOI: 10.1002/term.1727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
T lymphocytes play a key role in the regulation of bone homeostasis and bone healing. The inflammatory response at the site of bone injury is essential to the initiation of the bone repair program; however, an uncontrolled exposure to inflammatory environment has a negative effect on tissue regeneration - indeed, activated T cells were shown to inhibit osteogenic differentiation on human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Whether resting T cells can induce osteogenic differentiation of MSCs and what role specific T cells subset play in this process is still elusive. In this study, we sought to analyse the osteogenic gene expression profile of whole T cells, CD4 and CD8 T cells isolated from healthy donors and investigated whether secreted factors from each group modulate osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs. Gene expression profiling identified a pool of 51 genes involved at various stages in bone growth which are expressed above detectable levels in CD4 and CD8 T cells. Most genes of this pool were expressed at higher levels in the CD4 subset. In vitro mineralization assays revealed that conditioned medium from CD4 T cells, but not from CD8 cells, significantly increased mineralization in osteogenic cultures of human MSCs; furthermore, mRNA expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2), osteocalcin (OC), bone sialoprotein (BSP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in MSCs was significantly upregulated in the presence of CD4-conditioned medium but not with that obtained from CD8. The results show a differential role for CD4 and CD8 T cells in supporting bone formation and identify an osteogenic gene signature of each subset.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luca Cattini
- S. C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Gambari
- S. C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- S. C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anna Piacentini
- S. C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Gabusi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Facchini
- S. C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- S. C. Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Gambari L, Lisignoli G, Manferdini C, Gabusi E, Piacentini A, Facchini A, Grassi F. P36 Hydrogen sulfide inhibits RANKL-induced ROS production and osteoclast differentiation. Nitric Oxide 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2012.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gabusi E, Manferdini C, Grassi F, Piacentini A, Cattini L, Filardo G, Lambertini E, Piva R, Zini N, Facchini A, Lisignoli G. Extracellular calcium chronically induced human osteoblasts effects: specific modulation of osteocalcin and collagen type XV. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:3151-61. [PMID: 22034088 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluctuation in extracellular calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration occurs during bone remodeling. Free ionized Ca(2+) plays a critical role in regulating osteoblast functions. We analyzed the effects of different concentrations of free ionized Ca(2+) (0.5, 1.3, and 2.6 mM) on human osteoblasts and we evaluated osteoblastic phenotype (marker expression and cell morphology) and functions (osteogenic differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell signaling). Our data show human osteoblasts that chronically stimulated with 0.5, 1.3, or 2.6 mM Ca(2+) significantly increase intracellular content of alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein, whereas collagen type XV was down-modulated and RUNX2 expression was not affected. We also found a Ca(2+) concentration-dependent increase in osteogenic differentiation and cell proliferation, associated to an increase of signaling protein PLCβ1 and p-ERK. Human osteoblast morphology was affected by Ca(2+) as seen by the presence of numerous nucleoli, cells in mitosis, cell junctions, and an increased number of vacuoles. In conclusion, our data show a clear phenotypical and functional effect of extracellular Ca(2+) on human osteoblasts and support the hypothesis of a direct role of this cation in the bone remodeling processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gabusi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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Pezzolato M, Maina E, Lonardi S, Bozzetta E, Grassi F, Scanziani E, Radaelli E. Development of tertiary lymphoid structures in the kidneys of pigs with chronic leptospiral nephritis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2012; 145:546-50. [PMID: 22227076 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) are structures that are morphologically and functionally similar to secondary lymphoid organs. TLOs usually arise in a background of chronic inflammation. Several histological patterns of interstitial nephritis have been documented in porcine leptospirosis. Among them the lympho-follicular pattern is characterized by infiltrates of mononuclear cells organized in lymphoid follicle-like structures. Immunohistological analysis of 5 cases of porcine lympho-follicular nephritis associated with Leptospira Pomona infection demonstrated the presence of inflammatory cell populations, including B cells, T cells, macrophages and follicular dendritic cells (FDCs), which were compartmentalized as in TLOs. Immunohistochemistry for Leptospira Pomona revealed an intimate association between leptospiral antigen and FDCs. Overexpression of MHCII in different populations of both professional and non-professional antigen presenting cells was also demonstrated. FDCs play role during TLOs induction for their ability to retain non-self antigens in the form of immune complexes, thus causing persistent T cell activation, generation of a complex cytokine network and stimulation of humoral immunity. Sustained bacterial antigen presentation in the context of chronic leptospiral nephritis, may also lead to autoimmune mechanisms involved in the generation of TLOs. Whether lymphoid neogenesis and TLOs play a protective role in porcine leptospiral nephritis is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pezzolato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.
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