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Ferous S, Siafakas N, Boufidou F, Patrinos GP, Tsakris A, Anastassopoulou C. Investigating ABO Blood Groups and Secretor Status in Relation to SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Severity. J Pers Med 2024; 14:346. [PMID: 38672973 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14040346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The ABO blood groups, Lewis antigens, and secretor systems are important components of transfusion medicine. These interconnected systems have been also shown to be associated with differing susceptibility to bacterial and viral infections, likely as the result of selection over the course of evolution and the constant tug of war between humans and infectious microbes. This comprehensive narrative review aimed to explore the literature and to present the current state of knowledge on reported associations of the ABO, Lewis, and secretor blood groups with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity. Our main finding was that the A blood group may be associated with increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and possibly also with increased disease severity and overall mortality. The proposed pathophysiological pathways explaining this potential association include antibody-mediated mechanisms and increased thrombotic risk amongst blood group A individuals, in addition to altered inflammatory cytokine expression profiles. Preliminary evidence does not support the association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 vaccine response, or the risk of developing long COVID. Even though the emergency state of the pandemic is over, further research is needed especially in this area since tens of millions of people worldwide suffer from lingering COVID-19 symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Ferous
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Siafakas
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Attikon General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - Fotini Boufidou
- Neurochemistry and Biological Markers Unit, 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - George P Patrinos
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Individualized Therapy, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Athanasios Tsakris
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Cleo Anastassopoulou
- Department of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Franchini M, Maggi F, Focosi D. ABO blood group-related mechanism of infection of SARS-CoV-2: an overview of systematic reviews. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:396-401. [PMID: 37727133 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-0825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Among the host genetic factors playing a role in the susceptibility to infectious diseases, the ABO blood group system is of utmost importance. Following the first reports in early 2020, the association between ABO blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 severity has been thoroughly investigated. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of systematic reviews regarding the link between ABO blood groups and such risks. The possible molecular mechanisms underlying these associations will also be discussed. ABO blood group has a robust association with susceptibility to infection but not with disease severity, and studies on long COVID anre still missing.Prov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Franchini
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantua, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Maggi
- Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
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3
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Mielke N, Gorz R, Bahl A, Zhao L, Berger DA. Association between ABO blood type and coronavirus disease 2019 severe outcomes across dominant variant strains. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open 2024; 5:e13115. [PMID: 38322377 PMCID: PMC10844762 DOI: 10.1002/emp2.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Existing evidence suggests a link between ABO blood type and severe outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to assess the relationship between blood type and severe outcomes across variant strains throughout the pandemic. Methods This was a multicenter retrospective observational cohort analysis from a large health system in southeastern Michigan using electronic medical records to evaluate emergency encounters, hospitalization, and severe outcomes in COVID-19 based on ABO blood type. Consecutive adult patients presenting to the emergency department with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 (U07.1) from March 1, 2020 through December 31, 2022 were assessed. Patients who presented during three distinct time intervals that coincided with Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variant predominance were included in the analysis. Exclusions included no record of ABO blood type, positive PCR COVID-19 test within the preceding 28 days, and if transferred from out of the health system. Severe outcomes were inclusive of intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, or death, which, as a composite, represented our primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were hospital admission and length of stay. A logistic regression model was employed to test the association between ABO blood type and severe outcome, adjusting for age, sex, race, vaccination status, Elixhauser comorbidity indices, and the dominant variant time period in which the encounter occurred. Results Of the 33,796 COVID-19 encounters, 9416 met inclusion criteria; 4071 (43.2%) were type O, 3417 (36.3%) were type A, 459 (4.9%) were type AB, and 1469 (15.6%) were type B blood. Note that 66.4% of the cohort was female (p = 0.18). The proportion of composite severe disease among the four blood types was similar and ranged between 8.6% and 8.9% (p = 0.98). Note that 53.0% of type A blood patients required hospital admission, compared to 51.9%, 50.4%, and 48.1% of type AB, B, and O blood, respectively (p < 0.001). Compared to patients with O blood type (43.2%), non-O blood type (58.8%; composite of A, AB, and B) exhibited no statistically significant difference in the proportion of composite severe disease (8.8% vs. 8.7%; p = 0.81) Multivariable regression analyses exhibited no significant difference regarding the presence of severe outcomes among the four blood types or O versus non-O blood types during T1, T2, and T3. Conclusions ABO blood type was not associated with COVID-19 severe outcomes across the Delta, Alpha, and Omicron dominant COVID waves across a large health system in southeastern Michigan. Further research is needed to better understand if ABO blood type is a risk factor for severe disease among evolving COVID-19 variants and other viral upper respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Mielke
- Department of MedicineCreighton University School of MedicineOmahaNebraskaUSA
| | - Rebecca Gorz
- Department of Emergency MedicineCorewell Health William Beaumont University HospitalRoyal OakMichiganUSA
| | - Amit Bahl
- Department of Emergency MedicineCorewell Health William Beaumont University HospitalRoyal OakMichiganUSA
| | - Lili Zhao
- Department of Clinical ResearchCorewell Health Research InstituteRoyal OakMichiganUSA
| | - David A Berger
- Department of Emergency MedicineCorewell Health William Beaumont University HospitalRoyal OakMichiganUSA
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Sticchi Damiani A, Zizza A, Banchelli F, Gigante M, De Feo ML, Ostuni A, Marinelli V, Quagnano S, Negro P, Di Renzo N, Guido M. Association between ABO blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection in blood donors of Puglia region. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:2923-2931. [PMID: 37442822 PMCID: PMC10492875 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
This is an observational multicentric cross-sectional study aiming at assessing the association between ABO blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among the blood donors in Puglia region. Data on ABO and Rh blood groups and demographic characteristics were obtained from Blood Bank Information System. All donors were screened for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. Comparison of seroprevalence among blood groups and the association between the recorded variables and seroprevalence were evaluated. A total of 35,709 donors from 22 centers were included, with a seroprevalence of 6.8%. The distribution of ABO phenotypes was blood type O (46.8%), A (34.0%), B (14.7%), and AB (4.5%). Among the 2416 donors reactive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG, the prevalent phenotype was blood type O (43.1%), followed by A (37.7%), B (14.2%), and AB (5%). The seroprevalence of phenotype A and AB was 7.5%, followed by B (6.5%) and O (6.2%). According to the adjusted analysis, there was an increase in seroprevalence in groups A and AB, compared to group O, and an increase in males compared to females. A possible effect modification was observed after stratifying for sex (p = 0.0515). A significantly lower prevalence of blood type O was found compared to A and AB, whereas no association was observed between Rh factor and seroprevalence. We hypothesized that the A antigen present in blood type A and AB can play a role in the binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2 receptors, resulting in an increased risk of infection. Furthermore, natural anti-A/anti-B antibodies produced in group O could block viral adhesion to cells and explain a lower risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Sticchi Damiani
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Inter-Company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Lecce, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Antonella Zizza
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Prov.Le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Federico Banchelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Statistical and Methodological Support to Clinical Research, University Hospital of Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Maddalena Gigante
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Inter-Company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Bari, S. Paolo Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Lucia De Feo
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Inter-Company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Foggia, Ospedali Riuniti of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Angelo Ostuni
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Valerio Marinelli
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Inter-Company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Lecce, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Serena Quagnano
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Inter-Company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Lecce, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Negro
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Inter-Company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Lecce, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Renzo
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Inter-Company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Lecce, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Marcello Guido
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
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5
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Phan AT, Ucar AA, Malkoc A, Hu J, Buxton L, Tseng AW, Dong F, Nguyễn JP, Modi AP, Deshpande O, Lay J, Ku A, Ogunyemi D, Arabian S. ABO blood group and rhesus factor association with inpatient COVID-19 mortality and severity: a two-year retrospective review. Blood Res 2023; 58:138-144. [PMID: 37751922 PMCID: PMC10548287 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2023122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early reports have indicated a relationship between ABO and rhesus blood group types and infection with SARS-CoV-2. We aim to examine blood group type associations with COVID-19 mortality and disease severity. Methods This is a retrospective chart review of patients ages 18 years or older admitted to the hospital with COVID-19 between January 2020 and December 2021. The primary outcome was COVID-19 mortality with respect to ABO blood group type. The secondary outcomes were 1. Severity of COVID-19 with respect to ABO blood group type, and 2. Rhesus factor association with COVID-19 mortality and disease severity. Disease severity was defined by degree of supplemental oxygen requirements (ambient air, low-flow, high-flow, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, and invasive mechanical ventilation). Results The blood type was collected on 596 patients with more than half (54%, N=322) being O+. The ABO blood type alone was not statistically associated with mortality (P=0.405), while the RH blood type was statistically associated with mortality (P<0.001). There was statistically significant association between combined ABO and RH blood type and mortality (P=0.014). Out of the mortality group, the O+ group had the highest mortality (52.3%), followed by A+ (22.8%). The combined ABO and RH blood type was statistically significantly associated with degree of supplemental oxygen requirements (P=0.005). The Kaplan-Meier curve demonstrated that Rh- patients had increased mortality. Conclusion ABO blood type is not associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Rhesus factor status is associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality. Rhesus negative patients were associated with increased mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Phan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Ari A. Ucar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Aldin Malkoc
- Department of General Surgery, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Janie Hu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Luke Buxton
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Alan W. Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Fanglong Dong
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Julie P.T. Nguyễn
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Arnav P. Modi
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Ojas Deshpande
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Johnson Lay
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Ku
- School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Dotun Ogunyemi
- Department of Graduate Medical Education, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA, USA
| | - Sarkis Arabian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA, USA
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6
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Khamees HH, Fahad MA. Impact of ABO Blood Group, Hematological, and Biochemical Abnormalities on Incidence of Patients Infected with COVID-19. Arch Razi Inst 2023; 78:1193-1201. [PMID: 38226380 PMCID: PMC10787934 DOI: 10.32592/ari.2023.78.4.1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between blood types and COVID-19 susceptibility and explore changes in blood variables, as well as their relationship with the occurrence of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 is a pandemic that has affected people's health and the global financial system. Since the initial confirmed case of COVID-19, people have been influenced worldwide with varying manifestations. Moreover, researchers have illustrated a link between ABO blood types and COVID-19 susceptibility and incidence. Research has also shown that ABO blood groups might play a role in estimating COVID-19 susceptibility and death. Our analysis revealed that blood type O might probably reduce vulnerability to the SARS-CoV-2 illness. On the contrary, people with blood type A are at a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study also evaluated liver biomarkers among COVID-19 patients, revealing significant abnormalities in the levels of alanine amino transferees, aspartate amino transferees, gamma-glutamyl transferees, and total bilirubin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Khamees
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Dijlah University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - M A Fahad
- Forensic Evidences Department, Al Salam university College, Baghdad, Iraq
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7
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Arent CO, Padilha APZ, Borba LA, de Azevedo Cardoso T, André MC, Martinello NS, Rosa T, Abelaira HM, de Moura AB, Andrade NM, Bertollo AG, de Oliveira GG, Bagatini MD, Ignácio ZM, Quevedo J, Ceretta LB, Réus GZ. ABO Blood Type and Metabolic Markers in COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2023; 21:335-344. [PMID: 37352417 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: To evaluate the effect of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus on the function and metabolic changes, as well as the relationship of the virus with blood groups. Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study included a matched sample of adult individuals with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (n = 114) or without (controls; n = 236). Blood samples were collected and processed for triglycerides (TGs), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and blood typing analysis. The results showed that subjects with COVID-19 had higher TG and lower HDL-C levels compared with the control group. As for blood typing, the risk of COVID-19 was higher in subjects with blood group A than in those with blood group B and in those with other blood groups. In addition, an association of COVID-19 with blood type and Rh A- was observed. When related to the severity of COVID-19 symptoms, blood type A was more protective against moderate/severe symptoms compared with blood type O. In addition, individuals with blood type O were 2.90 times more likely to have symptoms moderate/severe symptoms of COVID-19 than those with other blood groups and individuals with type A blood were less likely to have severe/moderate symptoms of COVID-19 compared with individuals without type A blood. Conclusion: The results suggest that blood type may play a role in susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and add evidence that infection with the novel coronavirus may be associated with changes in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila O Arent
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Alex Paulo Z Padilha
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Laura A Borba
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | | | - Monique C André
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Nicoly S Martinello
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Thayse Rosa
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Helena M Abelaira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Airam B de Moura
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Natalia M Andrade
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Amanda G Bertollo
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Gabriela G de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Margarete D Bagatini
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - Zuleide Maria Ignácio
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Physiology Pharmacology and Psychopathology, Federal University of the Southern Frontier, Chapecó, Brazil
| | - João Quevedo
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
- Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Luciane B Ceretta
- Graduate Program in Public Health, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Z Réus
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
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Sevilla-Montoya R, Helguera-Reppeto AC, Monroy-Muñoz IE, Vargas-Pavia TA, Valdés-Montoya EI, Solis-Paredes M, Torres-Torres J, Velazquez-Cruz R, Muñoz-Medina JE, Martinez-Cordero C, Hidalgo-Bravo A. Blood Type Associated with the Risk of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnant Women. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13071338. [PMID: 37046556 PMCID: PMC10093519 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 forced us to investigate risk factors to provide the best medical attention, especially in vulnerable groups, such as pregnant patients. Studies in other populations have analyzed blood groups in relation to infection, complications, and death. The present study aimed to analyze the association of blood groups with the risk of infection and complications in pregnant women and newborns from the Mexican-Mestizo population. We studied 1906 individuals. Quantitative variables were analyzed through the Student’s t-test. Categorical variables were analyzed through Pearson’s chi-square test, and logistic regression was used to analyze the association between categorical variables and outcomes. No significant association was observed between blood groups and infection risk. Individuals with the AB blood type are at higher risk for developing severe disease, although blood groups do not seem to be involved in the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the AB blood group could be considered a risk factor for developing severe COVID-19 in the Mexican population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Sevilla-Montoya
- Reproductive Research and Perinatal Health Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | | | - Irma E. Monroy-Muñoz
- Reproductive Research and Perinatal Health Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Tania A. Vargas-Pavia
- Immunobiochemistry Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Elías I. Valdés-Montoya
- Immunobiochemistry Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Mario Solis-Paredes
- Reproductive Research and Perinatal Health Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Johnatan Torres-Torres
- Reproductive Research and Perinatal Health Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Rafael Velazquez-Cruz
- Laboratory of Bone Metabolism, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | - José Esteban Muñoz-Medina
- Surveillance and Epidemiological Research Laboratories Division, Mexican Institute of Social Security, Mexico City 06700, Mexico
| | | | - Alberto Hidalgo-Bravo
- Genomics Medicine Department, National Institute of Rehabilitation, Mexico City 14389, Mexico
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9
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Marjonel L. Acedera, Wandee Sirichokchatchawan, Sirikalaya Brimson, Anchalee Prasansuklab. Age, comorbidities, c-reactive protein and procalcitonin as predictors of severity in confirmed COVID-19 patients in the Philippines. Heliyon 2023; 9. [PMID: 37035364 PMCID: PMC10074734 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been affecting people globally, and the Philippines is one of the countries greatly struck by the virus. The continued rise of new positive cases has drawn attention to the urgent need for healthcare management to cope with this challenge. Severity prediction could help improve medical decision-making and optimise the patient's treatment plan with a good clinical outcome. This study aimed to identify the determinants of COVID-19 disease severity. Methods Demographic characteristics and laboratory findings were collected from electronic medical records and paper forms of all confirmed COVID-19 cases reported by the University of Perpetual Help DALTA Medical Center between the September 1, 2020 and the October 31, 2021. We performed statistical analyses and interpretation of data to compare severe and non-severe groups. Results 5,396 confirmed cases were examined. Most of the severe cases were elderly, male, had blood type A, and with comorbidities. Cycle threshold (Ct) values were lower in the severe group. Most patients had higher-than-normal levels of all blood parameters except platelet, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts. Age, sex, ABO blood groups, comorbidities, open reading frame 1 ab (ORF1ab) and nucleocapsid (N) gene Ct values, ferritin, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), D-dimer, white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, and lymphocyte count were significantly associated with disease severity. In multivariate analysis, age groups >60 and 30–59 years, presence of comorbidities, CRP level >5 ng/mL, and PCT >0.05 ng/mL were identified as disease severity predictors. Conclusions Based on our results, age, comorbidities, CRP, and PCT level may be utilised as primary assessment factors for possible hospital admission and close monitoring upon testing. Early detection of these risk factors may provide strategic interventions that help reduce mortality, hospital admissions, and more expensive and extensive treatments.
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10
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Moslemi C, Sækmose S, Larsen R, Brodersen T, Didriksen M, Hjalgrim H, Banasik K, Nielsen KR, Bruun MT, Dowsett J, Kasperen KA, Mikkelsen S, Hansen TF, Ullum H, Erikstrup C, Olsson ML, Ostrowski SR, Pedersen OB. A large cohort study of the effects of Lewis, ABO, 13 other blood groups, and secretor status on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, and long COVID-19. Transfusion 2023; 63:47-58. [PMID: 36271437 PMCID: PMC9874484 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported Blood type O to confer a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, while secretor status and other blood groups have been suspected to have a similar effect as well. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS To determine whether any other blood groups influence testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 severity, or prolonged COVID-19, we used a large cohort of 650,156 Danish blood donors with varying available data for secretor status and blood groups ABO, Rh, Colton, Duffy, Diego, Dombrock, Kell, Kidd, Knops, Lewis, Lutheran, MNS, P1PK, Vel, and Yt. Of these, 36,068 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 whereas 614,088 tested negative between 2020-02-17 and 2021-08-04. Associations between infection and blood groups were assessed using logistic regression models with sex and age as covariates. RESULTS The Lewis blood group antigen Lea displayed strongly reduced SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility OR 0.85 CI[0.79-0.93] p < .001. Compared to blood type O, the blood types B, A, and AB were found more susceptible toward infection with ORs 1.1 CI[1.06-1.14] p < .001, 1.17 CI[1.14-1.2] p < .001, and 1.2 CI[1.14-1.26] p < .001, respectively. No susceptibility associations were found for the other 13 blood groups investigated. There was no association between any blood groups and COVID-19 hospitalization or long COVID-19. No secretor status associations were found. DISCUSSION This study uncovers a new association to reduced SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility for Lewis type Lea and confirms the previous link to blood group O. The new association to Lea could be explained by a link between mucosal microbiome and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camous Moslemi
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyZealand University HospitalKøgeDenmark
| | - Susanne Sækmose
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyZealand University HospitalKøgeDenmark
| | - Rune Larsen
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyZealand University HospitalKøgeDenmark
| | | | - Maria Didriksen
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyCopenhagen University Hospital, RigshopitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Henrik Hjalgrim
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyAarhus University HospitalSkejbyDenmark
| | - Karina Banasik
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein ResearchUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Kaspar R. Nielsen
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyAalborg University HospitalAalborgDenmark
| | - Mie T. Bruun
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyOdense University HospitalOdenseDenmark
| | - Joseph Dowsett
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyCopenhagen University Hospital, RigshopitaletCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Kathrine A. Kasperen
- Danish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagenDenmark,Danish Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA)Aarhus UniversityRoskildeDenmark
| | | | - Thomas F. Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein ResearchUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark,Department of NeurologyNeuroGenomic group, RigshospitaletGlostrupDenmark
| | | | | | - Martin L. Olsson
- Department of Laboratory MedicineLund UniversityLundSweden,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion MedicineOffice for Medical ServicesLundSweden
| | - Sisse R. Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyCopenhagen University Hospital, RigshopitaletCopenhagenDenmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Ole B. Pedersen
- Department of Clinical ImmunologyZealand University HospitalKøgeDenmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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11
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DAMAR ÇAKIRCA T, BAL T. Relationship between COVID-19 infection and ABO and Rh blood group systems. Cukurova Med J 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1134928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between COVID-19 infection and ABO and Rh blood groups.
Materials and Methods: 1360 patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA test between April 2020 and March 2022 and 80219 healthy controls whose blood groups were determined before March 2020 were included in this study. Patients were classified according to disease severity as mild, moderate, severe and critical.
Results: Patient and control groups were matched in terms of age and gender using case-control matched method. 1360 patients and 1161 controls were included in the analysis. Of the patients, 42.1% (n=572) had mild, 41.5% (n=564) moderate, 13.8% (n=187) severe and 2.7% (n=37) critical course of infection. It was observed that patients with blood group A were 1.33 times more at risk (OR: 1.33, 95%Cl: 1.12-1.56) for the development of COVID-19 infection compared to patients with other blood groups. No relationship was found between ABO and Rh blood groups and severe-critical COVID-19 disease, need for intensive care and mortality. However, when patients are divided into two groups as mild and non-mild (moderate, severe, critical); the frequency of having O and B blood groups was found to be significantly higher in non-mild cases than in mild cases ( (53.3% and 46.7%), (64.5% and 35.5%, respectively).
Conclusion: In our study, while A blood group was found to be at risk for the development of COVID-19 infection, no relationship was found between Rh blood groups and susceptibility to the disease. In addition, the rate of O and B blood groups was found to be higher in patients who did not have mild disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tayibe BAL
- MUSTAFA KEMAL ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TAYFUR ATA SÖKMEN TIP FAKÜLTESİ, DAHİLİ TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, ENFEKSİYON HASTALIKLARI ANABİLİM DALI
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12
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Nwosu NC, Onwuka OM, Bob-manuel IF. Tongue rolling and hand clasping among various ABO blood groups in a University community in Eastern Nigeria. Eureka: LS 2022. [DOI: 10.21303/2504-5695.2022.002621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Morphogenetic traits are physical observable traits that can be inherited either in a single gene or multifactorial pattern. ABO blood group is a codominant inherited trait that has been associated with different anatomical and physiological variations. However, there are limited studies that have linked ABO blood groups with some morphogenetic traits.
This study was conducted to ascertain the distribution of morphogenetic traits like hand clasping and tongue rolling among ABO blood groups in a University community in Eastern Nigeria.
A total of 115 volunteers participated in the study. The blood groups of the participants were determined and the expression of the morphogenetic traits was gotten by physical observation. Greater proportion of the participants were males (55.65 %), students (61.74 %) and within ages 15−25 (58.26 %). There was a higher prevalence of blood group O (57.39 %), tongue non-rollers (53.04 %) and right hand clasping (74.78 %) among the participants. The participants with blood groups A and O recorded a higher distribution of tongue non-rollers while those with blood groups B and AB recorded an equal number of both tongue roller and non-rollers. The participants with blood groups A, B and O recorded a higher distribution of right hand clasping while those with blood group AB recorded a significant higher distribution of left hand clasping (P<0.05).
In conclusion, morphogenetic pattern of tongue rolling could not be associated with ABO blood group, whereas that of left hand clasping was associated with blood group AB suggesting that individuals with blood group AB is likely to exhibit left hand clasping; forming basis for determination of hand clasping using ABO blood group in future advancement of genetics and forensic science
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13
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Omer NA, Al-Bajalan SJ, Rahman HS, Mohammed MS. Correlation of SARS-CoV-2 infection severity with ABO blood groups and RhD antigen: a case-control study. J Int Med Res 2022; 50:3000605221110493. [PMID: 35836375 PMCID: PMC9290119 DOI: 10.1177/03000605221110493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The role of ABO types and RhD antigen in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity has been investigated in several recent studies. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify the relationship of ABO and RhD types with symptomatic COVID-19 disease and determine the groups associated with an increased risk of hospitalization. Methods This observational case-control study was performed in 530 Iraqi-Kurdish patients with COVID-19. Among them, 184 were severe cases that required hospitalization, while 346 were mild to moderate cases that were treated at home. ABO and RhD antigen groups were compared between cases and 1698 control records from 1 year before the pandemic. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was based on real-time polymerase chain reaction tests and high-resolution chest computed tomography scans with the typical clinical presentation. Results There were no significant differences in ABO and RhD antigen distributions between the COVID-19 cases and non-COVID controls. No ABO group was associated with the risk of hospitalization as a marker of the severity of infection. Conclusions There was no significant association between symptomatic COVID-19 disease and any ABO group or RhD antigen type. No impact of ABO groups on hospitalization was documented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazaneen Akbar Omer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
- Nazaneen Akbar Omer, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani Nwe, 0046 Sulaimaniyah, Iraq.
| | | | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimaniyah, Iraq
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14
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Altayar MA, Jalal MM, Kabrah A, Qashqari FSI, Jalal NA, Faidah H, Baghdadi MA, Kabrah S. Prevalence and Association of Transfusion Transmitted Infections with ABO and Rh Blood Groups among Blood Donors in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia: A 7-Year Retrospective Analysis. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58070857. [PMID: 35888577 PMCID: PMC9323328 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was aimed at determining the prevalence estimate and association of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) with ABO and Rh blood groups among blood donors at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH & RC) in the western region of Saudi Arabia. A retrospective study was conducted at the blood bank center of KFSH and RC from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2019. Data on ABO and Rh blood group testing, serological testing, molecular investigations, serological assays, nucleic acid testing (NATs), and socio-demographic information were gathered. During the study period, there were 959,431 blood donors at the KFSH and RC. The overall 7-year cumulative prevalence estimate of blood transfusion-transmitted infections among blood donors was low at 7.93%, with an average prevalence estimate of 0.66%. Donors with the O blood group, the O RhD +ve blood group, in particular, were more at risk of developing TTIs, whereas donors with the AB blood group, the AB RhD −ve blood group, in particular, were at the lowest risk of developing TTIs. In total, 96.9% of the blood donors were males (n = 916,567). Almost half of the blood donors belong to the O blood group (49.4%). A total of 861,279 (91.0%) donors were found to be RhD positive. The percentages of TTIs were found to be higher in RhD +ve donors compared with RhD −ve donors. The prevalence estimate of the hemoglobin C (HbC) infection was the most common TTI among the blood donors being 3.97%, followed by malaria being 2.21%. The least prevalence estimate of TTI in the present study was for NAT HIV being 0.02%. Significant associations were observed between RhD +ve and RhD −ve among the malaria-infected donors (A: χ2 = 26.618, p = 0.001; AB: χ2 = 23.540, p = 0.001; B: χ2 = 5.419, p = 0.020; O: χ2 = 68.701, p = 0.001). The current 7-year retrospective study showed a low level of TTIs among blood donors. However, we urge that more research encompassing the entire country be conducted in order to obtain more representative results in terms of the prevalence estimate and association of transfusion-transmitted infections with ABO and Rh blood groups in communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik A. Altayar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.M.J.)
| | - Mohammed M. Jalal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.A.); (M.M.J.)
| | - Ahmed Kabrah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fadi S. I. Qashqari
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.S.I.Q.); (N.A.J.); (H.F.)
| | - Naif A. Jalal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.S.I.Q.); (N.A.J.); (H.F.)
| | - Hani Faidah
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia; (F.S.I.Q.); (N.A.J.); (H.F.)
| | - Mohammed A. Baghdadi
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH & RC), Jeddah 23431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saeed Kabrah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-508009555
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15
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Shesha N, Melebari S, Alghamdi S, Refaat B, Naffadi H, Alquthami K. Associations of Clinical Factors and Blood Groups With the Severity of COVID-19 Infection in Makkah City, Saudi Arabia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:870096. [PMID: 35800382 PMCID: PMC9255230 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.870096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Context The possible associations between the different blood groups and clinical factors with COVID-19 infection among patients in Makkah city. Objective To investigate the relationship between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 infection in patients who were tested positive and to elucidate the most common ABO blood groups with a higher infectivity of COVID-19 and disease association. Materials and Methods This was an observational cross-sectional study that included COVID-19 patients diagnosed with PCR and who were hospitalized in Al-Noor Specialist Hospital (Makkah) during the period between March to November 2020. The ABO and Rhesus blood groups alongside the clinical characteristics were determined and retrieved from medical records and HESN of the Ministry of Health of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Results The overall confirmed COVID-19 cases included in this study were 1,583 patients who underwent positive PCR testing between March and November 2020. The frequencies of blood groups were as follows: group O+ (37%), group A+ (29.2%), group B+ (22.6%), group AB+ (5.1%), group O- (2.8%), group B- (1.8%), group A- (1.1%), and group AB- (0.4%). However, no significant correlations were observed for ABO groups and Rh types with the severity of COVID-19 illness. Conversely, signs and symptoms of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), pneumonia, and respiratory failure symptoms, alongside a history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic kidney diseases, and congestive heart failure significantly increased the risk of death from COVID-19 infection. Moreover, the rates of fever, cough, and asthma were markedly lower in the deceased group compared with the recovered group of patients. Conclusion The association between the different blood groups with the prevalence and mortality of COVID-19 among infected patients has yet to be elucidated as we found no significant differences in the observed versus expected distribution of ABO phenotypes among the included cases. The prevalence of RDS, pneumonia, and respiratory failure was found higher among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the deceased group. However, other factors such as fever, cough, and asthma appeared to be more significantly lower than in the recovered group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Shesha
- Serology and Immunology Department, Hera General Hospital, Makkah Healthcare Cluster, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Nashwa Shesha,
| | - Sami Melebari
- Molecular Biology Department, The Regional Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Alghamdi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassem Refaat
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hind Naffadi
- Medical Genetics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alquthami
- Molecular Biology Department, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah Healthcare Cluster, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Mahfuz M, Alam MA, Fahim SM, Hasan SMT, Sarmin M, Das S, Mostafa I, Parveen S, Rahman M, Arifeen SE, Clemens JD, Ahmed T. COVID-19 among staff and their family members of a healthcare research institution in Bangladesh between March 2020 and April 2021: a test-negative case-control study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058074. [PMID: 35649594 PMCID: PMC9160595 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify factors associated with COVID-19 positivity among staff and their family members of icddr,b, a health research institute located in Bangladesh. SETTING Dhaka, Bangladesh. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4295 symptomatic people were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by reverse-transcription PCR between 19 March 2020 and 15 April 2021. Multivariable logistic regression was done to identify the factors associated with COVID-19 positivity by contrasting test positives with test negatives. RESULT Forty-three per cent of the participants were tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. The median age was high in positive cases (37 years vs 34 years). Among the positive cases, 97% were recovered, 2.1% had reinfections, 24 died and 41 were active cases as of 15 April 2021. Multivariable regression analysis showed that age more than 60 years (adjusted OR (aOR)=2.1, 95% CI 1.3 to 3.3; p<0.05), blood group AB (aOR=1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2; p<0.05), fever (aOR=3.1, 95% CI 2.6 to 3.7; p<0.05), cough (aOR=1.3, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.6; p<0.05) and anosmia (aOR=2.7, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.7; p<0.05) were significantly associated with higher odds of being COVID-19 positive when compared with participants who were tested negative. CONCLUSIONS The study findings suggest that older age, fever, cough and anosmia were associated with COVID-19 among the study participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Mahfuz
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Md Ashraful Alam
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shah Mohammad Fahim
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - S M Tafsir Hasan
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Monira Sarmin
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Subhasish Das
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ishita Mostafa
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shahana Parveen
- Staff Clinic, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mustafizur Rahman
- Infectious Disease Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shams E Arifeen
- Maternal and Child Health Division (MCHD), International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - John D Clemens
- Office of the Executive Director, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tahmeed Ahmed
- Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Office of the Executive Director, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Banchelli F, Negro P, Guido M, D’Amico R, Fittipaldo VA, Grima P, Zizza A. The Role of ABO Blood Type in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11113029. [PMID: 35683418 PMCID: PMC9181227 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11113029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 infection has caused over 422 million contagions and 5.8 million deaths resulting in a global health crisis. Several studies have investigated the risk factors predisposing to the infection and reported that the host susceptibility can be linked to the ABO blood group, but the current evidence is controversial. We systematically searched for articles in EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane library published up to 7 May 2021 to explore the association of the ABO blood group with the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection. All studies in people undergoing SARS-CoV-2 test controls were included. Odds ratios were obtained in each study and then synthesised by using meta-analysis. Overall, 22 articles were selected and more than 1,200,000 individuals of whom 74,563 resulted positive to SARS-CoV-2 and 1,166,717 resulted negative, were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, 487,985 subjects had blood group A, 151,879 had group B, 52,621 had group AB, and 548,795 had group O. Group O was slightly less associated with infection, as compared to the other three blood groups (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.85–0.99, p = 0.02). Conversely, group A was slightly more associated with infection, as compared to the other three groups (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.00–1.13, p = 0.04). This meta-analysis shows associations between blood groups and SARS-CoV-2 infection and supports the hypothesis that blood type O may have a slightly lower risk of infection, whereas blood type A may have a slightly higher risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Banchelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy or (F.B.); (R.D.)
- Unit of Statistical and Methodological Support to Clinical Research, University Hospital of Modena, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Negro
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Unit, Inter-Company Department of Transfusion Medicine (IDTM) of Local Health Unit (LHU) of Lecce, Vito Fazzi Hospital, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-347-9644734
| | - Marcello Guido
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Roberto D’Amico
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41100 Modena, Italy or (F.B.); (R.D.)
- Unit of Statistical and Methodological Support to Clinical Research, University Hospital of Modena, 41100 Modena, Italy
| | | | | | - Antonella Zizza
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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Gurung S, Mahotra NB, Shrestha L, Sherpali A, Joshi SP, Shrestha G, Shrestha S, Shakya A, Kandel M. Association of ABO blood group with susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in Rupandehi district of Nepal. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221095413. [PMID: 35509956 PMCID: PMC9058330 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221095413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Recent studies after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 have shown an association of the ABO blood group to the susceptibility of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Anti-A and anti-B antibodies, carbohydrate clustering, interleukin-6 levels and host transmembrane protease serine subtype 2 were suggested to cause the variable susceptibility of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection to the ABO blood groups. This study aims to find the association of the ABO blood group with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection susceptibility in Nepal. Methods: Population-based matched case–control study was conducted from October 2021 to February 2022 in Rupandehi district of Nepal. A total of 1091 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 cases and 2182 controls were included in the study by convenient sampling method. Results: A statistically significant association of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection was observed for the blood group AB between cases and controls (11.5% vs 8.5%; odds ratio = 1.4, 95% confidence interval = 1.10–1.78). However, there was no association of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection for blood group A (26.7% vs 28.23%; odds ratio = 0.93, 95% confidence interval = 0.79–1.09), B (26.9% vs 29.84%; odds ratio = 0.86, 95% confidence interval = 0.73–1.02) and O (34.9% vs 33.41%; odds ratio = 1.07, 95% confidence interval = 0.92–1.25). Conclusion: This study reported slightly more susceptibility to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection among individuals with blood group AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanyukta Gurung
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Narayan Bahadur Mahotra
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Narayan Bahadur Mahotra, Department of Clinical Physiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Maharajgunj Road, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
| | - Lava Shrestha
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Aakash Sherpali
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Surya Prakash Joshi
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Gambhir Shrestha
- Department of Community Medicine, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Shailesh Shrestha
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Tri-Chandra College, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Aman Shakya
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Manoj Kandel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu
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Abdelgawad SM, Hassab MAE, Abourehab MAS, Elkaeed EB, Eldehna WM. Olive Leaves as a Potential Phytotherapy in the Treatment of COVID-19 Disease; A Mini-Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:879118. [PMID: 35496299 PMCID: PMC9045134 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.879118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Beginning from December 2019, widespread COVID-19 has caused huge financial misfortunes and exceptional wellbeing emergencies across the globe. Discovering an effective and safe drug candidate for the treatment of COVID-19 and its associated symptoms became an urgent global demand, especially due to restricted information that has been discharged with respect to vaccine efficacy and safety in humans. Reviewing the recent research, olive leaves were selected as a potential co-therapy supplement for the treatment and improvement of clinical manifestations in COVID-19 patients. Olive leaves were reported to be rich in phenolic compounds such as oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, verbascoside, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, and luteolin-7-O-glucoside and also triterpenoids such as maslinic, ursolic, and oleanolic acids that have been reported as anti-SARS-CoV-2 metabolites in recent computational and in vitro studies. In addition, olive leaf extract was previously reported in several in vivo studies for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, immunomodulatory, and antithrombotic activities which are of great benefit in the control of associated inflammatory cytokine storm and disseminated intravascular coagulation in COVID-19 patients. In conclusion, the described biological activities of olive leaves alongside their biosafety, availability, and low price make them a potential candidate drug or supplement to control COVID-19 infection and are recommended for clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa M Abdelgawad
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A El Hassab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University (KSIU), South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wagdy M Eldehna
- School of Biotechnology, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
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20
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Nafakhi A, Rabeea IS, Al‐Darraji R, Nafakhi H, Mechi A, Al‐Khalidi A, alareedh M. Association of ABO blood group with in-hospital adverse outcome and long term persistent symptoms of COVID-19 infection: A single-center longitudinal observational study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e656. [PMID: 35620543 PMCID: PMC9125875 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims There are gaps in knowledge regarding the association between the ABO blood group and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) immediate and long-term outcomes. We aimed to investigate the association of ABO blood group with COVID-19 in-hospital adverse outcomes and to determine whether ABO blood group is associated with post-COVID-19 persistent symptoms. Methods This was a single-center longitudinal observational study that included patients who presented with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 infection and a positive test for COVID-19 and were able to attend the out-patient clinic after 6 months following acute COVID-19. The main outcomes were intensive care unit admission, the requirement for respiratory support, in-hospital death, and persistent symptoms. χ 2 test and regression analysis were used to analyze the collected data. Results A total of 169 patients were enrolled for the assessment of in-hospital adverse outcomes of whom 86 patients were included for the assessment of persistent symptoms after the exclusion of deceased patients or patients not attended the out-patient clinic. Patients with blood group B had higher prevalence of in-hospital death compared to blood group O (39% vs. 13%, p = 0.01) and this persisted after adjusting for sex (odds ratio, OR [confidence interval, CI] = 1.4 [1.1-2.1], p = 0.04), while patients with blood group AB had higher prevalence of requiring respiratory support than blood group O (54% vs. 10%, p = 0.02) and this persisted after adjusting for age (OR [CI] = 1.5 [1.1-2.3], p = 0.02). Concerning the association of ABO blood group and long-term symptoms, blood group AB showed a higher prevalence of palpitation (p < 0.001) and dizziness (p = 0.02) than other blood groups. Conclusions Blood groups AB and B are significantly associated with respiratory support use and in-hospital death, respectively, compared to blood group O. Blood group AB is significantly associated with persistent palpitation and dizziness compared to other blood groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Nafakhi
- Researcher Research UnitNajaf Health Bureau, Ministry of HealthNajafIraq
| | - Ihsan S. Rabeea
- Department of Clinical PharmacyFaculty of Pharmacy, University of KufaNajafIraq
| | - Rasha Al‐Darraji
- Allergy and Asthma Center, Specialized Centers DepartmentAl‐Sader Teaching Hospital, Najaf Health Bureau, Ministry of HealthNajafIraq
| | - Hussein Nafakhi
- Internal Medicine DepartmentMedicine College, University of KufaNajafIraq
| | - Ahmed Mechi
- Internal Medicine DepartmentMedicine College, University of KufaNajafIraq
| | - Alhan Al‐Khalidi
- Internal Medicine DepartmentMedicine College, Jabir Ibn Hayan Medical UniversityNajafIraq
| | - Mohammed alareedh
- Internal Medicine DepartmentMedicine College, University of KufaNajafIraq
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21
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Gutiérrez‐Valencia M, Leache L, Librero J, Jericó C, Enguita Germán M, García‐Erce JA. ABO blood group and risk of COVID-19 infection and complications: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Transfusion 2022; 62:493-505. [PMID: 34773411 PMCID: PMC8661771 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gutiérrez‐Valencia
- Unit of Innovation and OrganizationNavarre Health ServicePamplonaSpain,Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain
| | - Leire Leache
- Unit of Innovation and OrganizationNavarre Health ServicePamplonaSpain
| | - Julián Librero
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA)PamplonaSpain,Navarrabiomed ‐ Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra – UPNAPamplonaSpain,Red de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios y Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC)MadridSpain
| | - Carlos Jericó
- Department of Internal MedicineHospital Sant Joan Despí‐Moisès Broggi, Consorci Sanitari Integral. Sant Joan DespíBarcelonaSpain
| | - Mónica Enguita Germán
- Navarrabiomed ‐ Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra – UPNAPamplonaSpain,Red de Investigación en Servicios Sanitarios y Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC)MadridSpain
| | - Jose Antonio García‐Erce
- Navarra's Blood and Tissue BankNavarre Health ServicePamplonaSpain,Grupo Español de Rehabilitación Multimodal (GERM)Aragon Health Science Institute, PBM Group, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ)MadridSpain
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22
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Jawdat D, Hajeer A, Massadeh S, Aljawini N, Abedalthagafi MS, Alaamery M. Correlation between ABO Blood Group Phenotype and the Risk of COVID-19 Infection and Severity of Disease in a Saudi Arabian Cohort. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2022; 12:85-91. [PMID: 34978705 DOI: 10.1007/s44197-021-00023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease severity among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 varies remarkably. Preliminary studies reported that the ABO blood group system confers differential viral susceptibility and disease severity caused by SARS-CoV-2. Thus, differences in ABO blood group phenotypes may partly explain the observed heterogeneity in COVID-19 severity patterns, and could help identify individuals at increased risk. Herein, we explored the association between ABO blood group phenotypes and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity in a Saudi Arabian cohort. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we performed ABO typing on a total of 373 Saudi patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and conducted association analysis between ABO blood group phenotype and COVID-19 infection severity. We then performed gender-stratified analysis by dividing the participating patients into two groups by gender, and classified them according to age. RESULTS The frequencies of blood group phenotypes A, B, AB and O were 27.3, 23.6, 5.4 and 43.7%, respectively. We found that blood group phenotype O was associated with a lower risk of testing positive for COVID-19 infection (OR 0.76 95% CI 0.62-0.95, p = 0.0113), while blood group phenotype B was associated with higher odds of testing positive (OR 1.51 95% CI 1.17-1.93, p = 0.0009). However, blood group phenotype B was associated with increased risk in the mild and moderate group but not the severe COVID-19 infection group. Blood group phenotype O was protective in all severity groups. CONCLUSION Our findings provide evidence that blood group phenotype B is a risk for COVID-19 disease while blood group phenotype O is protective from COVID-19 infection. However, further studies are necessary to validate these associations in a larger sample size and among individuals of different ethnic groups.
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23
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Shibeeb S, Khan A. ABO blood group association and COVID-19. COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: a review. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2022; 44:70-75. [PMID: 34541459 PMCID: PMC8437766 DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been affecting the health and economic, as well as social, life of the entire globe since the end of 2019. The virus causes COVID-19, with a wide range of symptoms among the infected individuals, from asymptomatic infection to mortality. This, along with a high infection rate, prompted efforts to investigate the potential mechanisms of the different clinical manifestations caused by SARS-CoV-2 among the infected populations. HYPOTHESIS One of the possible mechanisms that has been reported is the ABO blood system polymorphism. Indeed, one of the major proposed mechanisms is the presence of naturally occurring anti-A antibodies in individuals of groups O and B, which could be partially protective against SARS-CoV-2 virions. OBJECTIVE AND METHOD This article aimed to review the published data on the potential effect of the ABO blood group system on the susceptibility to COVID-19 and the disease progression and outcomes. RESULTS The reviewed data suggest that individuals of blood group A are at a higher risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2 and may develop severe COVID-19 outcomes, whereas blood group O is considered protective against the infection, to some extent. However, some of the available studies seem to have been influenced by unaccounted confounders and biases. CONCLUSION Therefore, further appropriately controlled studies are warranted to fully investigate the possible association between the ABO blood groups and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapha Shibeeb
- Corresponding author at: Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University P.O. Box 2713 Doha, Qatar.
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24
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Kabrah SM, Abuzerr SS, Baghdadi MA, Kabrah AM, Flemban AF, Bahwerth FS, Assaggaf HM, Alanazi EA, Alhifany AA, Al-Shareef SA, Alsabban WH, Khan AA, Alzhrani H, Jambi LK, Alsafi RT, Aslam A, Kabrah HM, Babalghith AO, Halawani AJ. Susceptibility of ABO blood group to COVID-19 infections: clinico-hematological, radiological, and complications analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28334. [PMID: 34967364 PMCID: PMC8718246 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, research indicates that the COVID-19 disease susceptibility varies among individuals depending on their ABO blood groups. Researchers globally commenced investigating potential methods to stratify cases according to prognosis depending on several clinical parameters. Since there is evidence of a link between ABO blood groups and disease susceptibility, it could be argued that there is a link between blood groups and disease manifestation and progression. The current study investigates whether clinical manifestation, laboratory, and imaging findings vary among ABO blood groups of hospitalized confirmed COVID-19 patients.This retrospective cohort study was conducted between March 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021 in King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh and Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Demographic information, clinical information, laboratory findings, and imaging investigations were extracted from the data warehouse for all confirmed COVID-19 patients.A total of 285 admitted patients were included in the study. Of these, 81 (28.4%) were blood group A, 43 (15.1%) were blood group B, 11 (3.9%) were blood group AB, and 150 (52.6%) were blood group O. This was almost consistent with the distribution of blood groups among the Saudi Arabia community. The majority of the study participants (79.6% [n = 227]) were asymptomatic. The upper respiratory tract infection (P = .014) and shortness of breath showed statistically significant differences between the ABO blood group (P = .009). Moreover, the incidence of the symptoms was highly observed in blood group O followed by A then B except for pharyngeal exudate observed in blood group A. The one-way ANOVA test indicated that among the studied hematological parameters, glucose (P = .004), absolute lymphocyte count (P = .001), and IgA (P = .036) showed statistically significant differences between the means of the ABO blood group. The differences in both X-ray and computed tomography scan findings were statistically nonsignificant among the ABO age group. Only 86 (30.3%) patients were admitted to an intensive care unit, and the majority of them were blood groups O 28.7% (n = 43) and A 37.0% (n = 30). However, the differences in complications' outcomes were statistically nonsignificant among the ABO age group.ABO blood groups among hospitalized COVID-19 patients are not associated with clinical, hematological, radiological, and complications abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed M. Kabrah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Samer S. Abuzerr
- Visiting Scholar with the School of Public Health, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
- Quality Improvement and Infection Control Unit, Ministry of Health, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Mohammed A. Baghdadi
- Research Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Kabrah
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa F. Flemban
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayez S. Bahwerth
- Laboratory and Blood Bank Department, King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamza M. Assaggaf
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Eisa A. Alanazi
- Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information System, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alhifany
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah A. Al-Shareef
- Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computer and Information System, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam H. Alsabban
- Information System Department, Faculty of Computer and Information Systems, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Anmar A. Khan
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hissah Alzhrani
- Mathematical Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Layal K. Jambi
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Radi T. Alsafi
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Akhmed Aslam
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hebah M. Kabrah
- Laboratory and Blood Bank Department, Al Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad O. Babalghith
- Medical Genetic Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr J. Halawani
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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25
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Ishaq U, Malik A, Malik J, Mehmood A, Qureshi A, Laique T, Zaidi SMJ, Javaid M, Rana AS. Association of ABO blood group with COVID-19 severity, acute phase reactants and mortality. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261432. [PMID: 34905588 PMCID: PMC8670663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the ongoing pandemic with multitude of manifestations and association of ABO blood group in South-East Asian population needs to be explored. METHODS It was a retrospective study of patients with COVID-19. Blood group A, B, O, and AB were identified in every participant, irrespective of their RH type and allotted groups 1, 2,3, and 4, respectively. Correlation between blood group and lab parameters was presented as histogram distributed among the four groups. Multivariate regression and logistic regression were used for inferential statistics. RESULTS The cohort included 1067 patients: 521 (48.8%) participants had blood group O as the prevalent blood type. Overall, 10.6% COVID-19-related mortality was observed at our center. Mortality was 13.9% in blood group A, 9.5% in group B, 10% in group C, and 10.2% in AB blood group (p = 0.412). IL-6 was elevated in blood group A (median [IQR]: 23.6 [17.5,43.8]), Procalcitonin in blood group B (median [IQR]: 0.54 [0.3,0.7]), D-dimers and CRP in group AB (median [IQR]: 21.5 [9,34]; 24 [9,49], respectively). Regarding severity of COVID-19 disease, no statistical difference was seen between the blood groups. Alteration of the acute phase reactants was not positively associated with any specific blood type. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this investigation did not show significant association of blood groups with severity and of COVID-19 disease and COVID-19-associated mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Ishaq
- Department of Hematology, Foundation University Medical College, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asmara Malik
- Department of Community Medicine, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Jahanzeb Malik
- Department of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Cardiology, Advanced Diagnostics and Liver Center, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Asad Mehmood
- Department of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Qureshi
- Department of Cardiology, Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Talha Laique
- Department of Pharmacology, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Javaid
- Department of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sattar Rana
- Department of Cardiology, Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Department of Cardiology, Advanced Diagnostics and Liver Center, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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26
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Kerbage A, Haddad SF, Nasr L, Riachy A, Mekhael E, Nassim N, Hoyek K, Sleilaty G, Nasr F, Riachy M. Impact of ABO and Rhesus blood groups on COVID-19 susceptibility and severity: A case-control study. J Med Virol 2021; 94:1162-1166. [PMID: 34755349 PMCID: PMC8662239 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Early evidence from China suggested that blood groups may be involved in susceptibility to COVID‐19. Several subsequent studies reported controversial results. We conducted a retrospective matched case‐control study that aims to investigate the association between blood groups and the risk and/or severity of COVID‐19. We compared the blood groups distribution of 474 patients admitted to the hospital for COVID‐19 between March 2020 and March 2021, to that of a positive control group of outpatients infected with COVID‐19 and matched them for sex and age, as well as to the distribution in the general population. Three hundred and eighteen HC+ pairs with available blood group information were matched. The proportion of group A Rh+ in hospitalized patients (HC+) was 39.9% (CI 35.2%–44.7%), compared to 44.8% (CI 39.8%–49.9%) and 32.3% in the positive outpatient controls (C+) and the general population (C−), respectively. Both COVID‐19‐positive groups (HC+ and C+) had significantly higher proportions of group A Rh+ compared to the general population (p = 0.0019 and p < 0.001, respectively), indicating that group A Rh+ increases susceptibility to COVID‐19. Although blood group A Rh+ was more frequent in the outpatients C+ compared to the hospitalized group HC+, the association did not reach statistical significance, indicating that blood group A Rh+ is not associated with severity. There was no significant relationship between COVID‐19 and other blood groups. Our findings indicate that blood group A Rh+ increases the susceptibility for COVID‐19 but is not associated with higher disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Kerbage
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sara F Haddad
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lewis Nasr
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Albert Riachy
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elio Mekhael
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nabil Nassim
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Karim Hoyek
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ghassan Sleilaty
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fadi Nasr
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Hematology-Oncology, Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Moussa Riachy
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon
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27
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Li J, Song X, Bu X, Wan Y. The association of ABO blood types with host susceptibility to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Epidemiol Infect 2021; 149:1-14. [PMID: 34583784 PMCID: PMC8527746 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268821002168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of ABO blood types, there has been mounting evidence of the association between blood types and infectious diseases. However, so far, there is rarely available research about the potential role of ABO blood types in haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) infection. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between ABO blood types and the development of HFRS infection in Qingdao, China. We carried out a retrospective study enrolling 116 HFRS patients as the case group and 373 healthy subjects as the control group. ABO blood type distribution was analysed using the Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis. Results showed that the distribution of ABO blood types between the two groups was significantly different (X2 = 18.151, P < 0.05). Blood type B was less frequently observed [odds ratio (OR), 0.404; confidence interval (CI), 0.238–0.684; P < 0.01], while blood type AB was more frequently observed in the case group (OR, 2.548; CI, 1.427–4.549; P < 0.01). Since significantly more males were affected than females, we further analysed the data by gender as well as blood types and obtained consistent results for males. Our findings indicated that populations with blood type AB might be more prone to HFRS infection, whereas those with blood type B might be less susceptible to HFRS infection, which will help to make risk stratification in infection control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao No. 6 People's Hospital, Qingdao266033, China
| | - Xuan Song
- Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao266011, China
| | - Xiangmao Bu
- Clinical laboratory, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao266034, China
| | - Yanzhen Wan
- Clinical laboratory, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Qingdao266034, China
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28
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Ayatollahi AA, Aghcheli B, Amini A, Nikbakht H, Ghassemzadehpirsala P, Behboudi E, Rajabi A, Tahamtan A. Association between blood groups and COVID-19 outcome in Iranian patients. Future Virol 2021; 16:10.2217/fvl-2021-0090. [PMID: 34589135 PMCID: PMC8462120 DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2021-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aim: Many factors have been speculated to explain the COVID-19 complex clinical phenotype. Due to the inconsistent data published on blood groups and COVID-19, we conducted a study on Iranian patients to further assess this association. Materials & methods: This retrospective study was conducted on data collected from confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized patients during March and December 2020 in a referral hospital for COVID-19, 5 Azar Hospital, Gorgan, north of Iran. A total of 1554 confirmed COVID-19 cases were enrolled in the study with blood group (ABO and Rh), demographic, and clinical data available. Results: Of 1554 patients, 1267 and 287 cases had recovered and deceased (due to COVID-19) outcomes, respectively. Most of the cases had O+ (29.6%), the least number had AB- (0.5%), and most of the deceased cases had O+ blood types (31.4%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that groups A- and B- had higher and groups B+, AB+, O+ and O- had lower odds of death than the A+ group. Conclusion: This study indicates that blood types may be related to the clinical outcome of COVID-19. Further studies with a large cohort for multiple people are required to validate this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Asghar Ayatollahi
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174513, Iran
| | - Bahman Aghcheli
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Amini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174516, Iran
| | - Hasan Nikbakht
- Faculty of Medical, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran
| | | | - Emad Behboudi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran
| | - Abdolhalim Rajabi
- Biostatistics & Epidemiology Department, Faculty of Health, Environmental Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174518, Iran
| | - Alireza Tahamtan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174515, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, 4934174510, Iran
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