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Boniardi G, Close K, Turolla A, Canziani R, Oehmen A. Assessment of three different approaches for integrating phosphorus recovery from sewage sludge and derived products in existing wastewater treatment plants. Bioresour Technol 2024; 402:130822. [PMID: 38729582 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Three different technological solutions, namely acidogenic fermentation and chemical extraction (alkaline or acidic), followed by precipitation with 1% Ca(OH)2, were investigated in the view of integrating phosphorus recovery into existing wastewater treatment plants. Experiments were conducted at the lab-scale using (i) sludge taken from biologically and chemically promoted phosphorus removal activated sludge processes and (ii) ashes obtained from sludge muffle incineration. Results highlighted the benefits of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) systems rather than chemically promoted phosphorus removal in not only phosphorus extraction (up to 40% with EBPR) and recovery directly from secondary sludge (P precipitation between 66 and 92%), but after sludge incineration as well (P extraction up to 96% and precipitation above 96%). Acidogenic fermentation ensured the highest phosphorus release from EBPR sludge (equal to a concentration in solution of 122 mg/L P-PO43-), while the derived ashes had a lower level of metal contamination (particularly Fe and Al content < 2%). The phosphorus-rich product obtained by means of the recovery process showed relevant metal contamination (Cu, Zn, and Ni) under some operating conditions, suggesting the need for further treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Boniardi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA) - Environmental Section, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Kylie Close
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Andrea Turolla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA) - Environmental Section, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Roberto Canziani
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DICA) - Environmental Section, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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2
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Tan R, Wu Y, Yang F, Yang Y, Lan J, Zhu H. Device Testing: High-Efficiency and High-Uniformity Microwave Water Treatment System Based on Horn Antennas. Processes (Basel) 2023; 11:826. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microwave heating has excellent potential for applications in wastewater treatment. This study proposes a highly efficient continuous liquid-phase microwave heating system to overcome the problems of low treatment capacity, low dynamic range of loads, and insufficient heating uniformity of the existing equipment. First, a quarter-wavelength impedance-matching layer improves heating efficiency, and the heating uniformity has been enhanced by horn antennas. Second, an experimental system is developed. The simulation and experimental results are consistent, with the microwave system achieving over 90% energy utilization for different thicknesses and concentrations of salt water. Finally, simulations are performed to analyze microwave efficiency and heating uniformity at different flow rates, salinities, dielectric properties, and sawtooth structures. The system can efficiently heat loads with a wide range of dielectric properties, including saline water. Generally, when the permittivity varies from 10 to 80, and the loss tangent varies dynamically from 0.15 to 0.6, more than 90% of microwave efficiency and excellent temperature distribution (The coefficient of temperature variation COV < 0.5) can be achieved. The system’s modular design enables scaling up to further boost processing capacity. Overall, the system provides high-throughput, high-efficiency, high-uniformity, and large-dynamic-range microwave water treatment, which has promising applications in industrial water treatment.
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3
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Li X, Shen S, Xu Y, Guo T, Hongliang D, Lu X. Transformation and fate of non-reactive phosphorus (NRP) in enhanced biological phosphorus removal process with sidestream phosphorus recovery. Sci Total Environ 2022; 839:156275. [PMID: 35644401 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of phosphorus (P) from wastewater can help establish a new P cycle. However, there are many P forms in wastewater, not always in reactive forms, which are the most suitable for direct recovery. The enhanced biological phosphorus removal process with sidestream phosphorus recovery (EBPR-SPR) is an effective way to remove and recover P resources in wastewater, but there is a lack of research on the transformation and fate of non-reactive phosphorus (NRP) in it. This study selected four model NRP to investigate their transformation and fate in an EBPR-SPR process. The transformation of NRP in pure water and activated sludge under anaerobic and aerobic conditions were compared. The effects of Ca/P ratio and pH on NRP recovery were studied, and the recovery products of NRP were characterized. It was found that NRP containing phosphoanhydride and phosphoester bonds were more easily hydrolyzed to reactive P (RP) than that containing PC bonds. NRP will be adsorbed and accumulated by activated sludge, and activated sludge will accelerate the conversion of NRP to RP. Tripolyphosphate can form complex precipitation with Ca2+. When multiform P co-existed, Ca2+ preferably complexed with polyphosphate, which harmed RP recovery. The conversion of NRP should be strengthened to recover more P in wastewater. The effect of NRP should be considered when recovering P from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Southeast Univ, Sch Energy & Environment, 2 Sipailou Rd, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment Wuxi, 99 Linghu Rd, Wuxi 214135, China.
| | - Shuting Shen
- Southeast Univ, Sch Energy & Environment, 2 Sipailou Rd, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment Wuxi, 99 Linghu Rd, Wuxi 214135, China
| | - Yuye Xu
- Southeast Univ, Sch Energy & Environment, 2 Sipailou Rd, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment Wuxi, 99 Linghu Rd, Wuxi 214135, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Southeast Univ, Sch Energy & Environment, 2 Sipailou Rd, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment Wuxi, 99 Linghu Rd, Wuxi 214135, China
| | - Dai Hongliang
- Southeast Univ, Sch Energy & Environment, 2 Sipailou Rd, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, No. 2 Mengxi Road, Zhenjiang 212018, China.
| | - Xiwu Lu
- Southeast Univ, Sch Energy & Environment, 2 Sipailou Rd, Nanjing 210096, Jiangsu, China; ERC Taihu Lake Water Environment Wuxi, 99 Linghu Rd, Wuxi 214135, China.
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4
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Wang Y, Kuntke P, Saakes M, van der Weijden RD, Buisman CJN, Lei Y. Electrochemically mediated precipitation of phosphate minerals for phosphorus removal and recovery: Progress and perspective. Water Res 2022; 209:117891. [PMID: 34875541 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for the growth and reproduction of organisms. Unfortunately, the natural P cycle has been broken by the overexploitation of P ores and the associated discharge of P into water bodies, which may trigger the eutrophication of water bodies in the short term and possible P shortage soon. Consequently, technologies emerged to recover P from wastewater to mitigate pollution and exploit secondary P resources. Electrochemically induced phosphate precipitation has the merit of achieving P recovery without dosing additional chemicals via creating a localized high pH environment near the cathode. We critically reviewed the development of electrochemically induced precipitation systems toward P removal and recovery over the past ten years. We summarized and discussed the effects of pH, current density, electrode configuration, and water matrix on the performance of electrochemical systems. Next to ortho P, we identified the potential and illustrated the mechanism of electrochemical P removal and recovery from non-ortho P compounds by combined anodic or anode-mediated oxidation and cathodic reduction (precipitation). Furthermore, we assessed the economic feasibility of electrochemical methods and concluded that they are more suitable for treating acidic P-rich waste streams. Despite promising potentials and significant progress in recent years, the application of electrochemical systems toward P recovery at a larger scale requires further research and development. Future work should focus on evaluating the system's performance under long-term operation, developing an automatic process for harvesting P deposits, and performing a detailed economic and life-cycle assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Wang
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Philipp Kuntke
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Saakes
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Renata D van der Weijden
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cees J N Buisman
- Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yang Lei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen 518055, China; Wetsus, Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900CC Leeuwarden, The Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University and Research, P.O. Box 17, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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5
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Zhang T, He X, Deng Y, Tsang DCW, Yuan H, Shen J, Zhang S. Swine manure valorization for phosphorus and nitrogen recovery by catalytic-thermal hydrolysis and struvite crystallization. Sci Total Environ 2020; 729:138999. [PMID: 32498172 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) recovery from swine manure has attracted considerable interest for biomass valorization. In this study, a catalytic-thermal hydrolysis (TH) process combined with struvite crystallization was investigated to promote P and N conversion from swine manure. Its potential as a phosphate-based fertilizer was investigated. Two periods for P solubilization and transformation were observed, i.e., an initial increase with reaction time followed by a decrease as treatment continued. Nitrogen conversion efficiency increased with increasing temperature and time. Treatment of swine manure by catalytic-TH with HCl + H2O2 showed the best performance for P and N solubilization and transformation. With a Mg2+/PO43- molar ratio of 2.49 and a pH of 9.11, the struvite crystallization efficiency from the supernatant after catalytic-TH with HCl + H2O2 reached 99.2%. Hydroculture bioassay showed that struvite had a positive effect on the early growth of wheat. The P concentrations in both root and shoot tissues for struvite treatment were more than two times higher than that of soluble P. These encouraging results warrant further studies on the conversion of biowaste given that recycling nutrients sources may outperform traditional synthetic fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Institute for Agricultural Engineering, Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Xinyue He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yaxin Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, University of illinois Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huimin Yuan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianbo Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shicheng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science of Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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6
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Koh KY, Zhang S, Chen JP. Improvement of Ultrafiltration for Treatment of Phosphorus-Containing Water by a Lanthanum-Modified Aminated Polyacrylonitrile Membrane. ACS Omega 2020; 5:7170-7181. [PMID: 32280857 PMCID: PMC7143425 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus contamination in fresh water has posed a great risk to aquatic ecosystems and human health due to extensive eutrophication. In this paper, we are reporting a lanthanum (La)-modified aminated polyacrylonitrile (PAN) adsorptive membrane for effective decontamination of phosphorus from the simulated water. The PAN membrane was first aminated to introduce the amine group as an active site for La and then followed by the in situ precipitation of La particles. The kinetics study showed that the rapid adsorption occurred within the initial 4 h with the equilibrium established at 8 h. The membrane worked well in the acidic pH region, with optimal pH 4 and 5 without and with the pH control, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities were 50 and 44.64 mg/g at pH 5 and 7, respectively. The adsorption of phosphorus was not affected by the existence of commonly existing anions except fluorides in water. In the filtration study, it was observed that the removal of phosphorus remained the optimum, although the operating pressure was increased from 1 to 3 bar. The modified membrane was able to treat 0.32 L of a 10 mg/L phosphate solution to meet the maximum allowable limit of 0.15 mg/L for the trade effluent. The mechanism study revealed that the removal was primarily associated with the ion exchange between a phosphorus ion and a hydroxyl group from the La particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Yuen Koh
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260
| | - Sui Zhang
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576
| | - J. Paul Chen
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260
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7
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Zhang T, He X, Deng Y, Tsang DCW, Jiang R, Becker GC, Kruse A. Phosphorus recovered from digestate by hydrothermal processes with struvite crystallization and its potential as a fertilizer. Sci Total Environ 2020; 698:134240. [PMID: 31499343 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) recovery from digestate has attracted considerable interest. In this study, hydrothermal processes in combination with struvite crystallization were performed to promote P solubilization and capture from digestate; its potential as a phosphate-based fertilizer was also investigated. Hydrothermal treatment with HCl and H2O2 showed good results for the solubilization of organic and slightly soluble P, and achieved the lowest input energy need (768 kWhkg-1P). Struvite crystallization reached 99.3% (Mg2+:PO43-1.84:1, pH 9.98). X-ray diffractometry and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer mapping demonstrated the main precipitate component was struvite. For the fertilization of maize, P utilization from struvite was 19.0%. Light microscope analysis revealed that appropriate amounts of struvite may have an influence on the growth of the primary root. Overall, 16.6% of total P was recovered after P was solubilized, captured and made available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Biomass Engineering Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Institute for Agricultural Engineering, Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Xinyue He
- Biomass Engineering Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Institute for Agricultural Engineering, Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yaxin Deng
- Biomass Engineering Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rongfeng Jiang
- Biomass Engineering Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gero C Becker
- Institute for Agricultural Engineering, Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andrea Kruse
- Institute for Agricultural Engineering, Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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8
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Wang R, Zhu W, Hu S, Feng G, Xue Z, Chen H. Hydrothermal pretreatment of salvaged cyanobacteria and use of pretreated medium for cultivating Scenedesmus obliquus. Bioresour Technol 2019; 294:122120. [PMID: 31520855 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work studied the hydrothermal Pretreatment of Salvaged Cyanobacteria and used the pretreated slurry as medium for cultivating Scenedesmus obliquus. The cyanobacterial slurry was pretreated by chemical oxidation, hydrothermal treatment and hydrothermal oxidation, and then the cultivation experiment of oil-producing microalgae (Scenedesmus obliquus) was carried out. The results showed that hydrothermal oxidation could transform the hard-to-treat salvaged cyanobacteria into culture medium for microalgae. The oil yield from S. obliquus cultured in that was higher than that in conventional BG11 medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruochen Wang
- College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China.
| | - Siyuan Hu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Ganyu Feng
- College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Zongpu Xue
- College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Huaimin Chen
- College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, No. 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
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9
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Hu P, Liu J, Wu L, Zou L, Li YY, Xu ZP. Simultaneous release of polyphosphate and iron-phosphate from waste activated sludge by anaerobic fermentation combined with sulfate reduction. Bioresour Technol 2019; 271:182-189. [PMID: 30268013 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.09.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Iron is widely used in sewage treatment systems and enriched into waste activated sludge (WAS), which is difficult and challenging to phosphorus (P) release and recovery. This study investigated simultaneous release performance of polyphosphate and iron-phosphate from iron-rich sludge via anaerobic fermentation combined with sulfate reduction (AF-SR) system. Batch tests were performed, with results showing that AF-SR system conducted a positive effect due to the relatively low solubility of ferrous sulfide in comparison with ferric phosphate precipitates. Simulation study was performed to investigate the total P release potential from actual waste activated sludge, finding that about 70% of the total P could release with the optimized pH of 7.0-8.0 and the theoretical S2-/Fe2+ molar ratio of 1.0. A potential new blueprint of a wastewater treatment plant based on AF-SR system, towards P, N recovery and Fe, S, C recycle, was finally proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Hu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
| | - Liang Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lianpei Zou
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Zhi Ping Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 333 Nanchen Road, Shanghai 200444, China; ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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10
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Deng Y, Zhang T, Sharma BK, Nie H. Optimization and mechanism studies on cell disruption and phosphorus recovery from microalgae with magnesium modified hydrochar in assisted hydrothermal system. Sci Total Environ 2019; 646:1140-1154. [PMID: 30235600 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Considering the phosphorus (P) reserve state and its value, recovery of P from microalgae has become a popular topic. In this study, an integrated system of a hydrothermal process for microalgae cell disruption to release P and magnesium modified hydrochar adsorption to capture P was set up. Emission scanning electron microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Three-Dimensional Excitation Emission matrix spectroscopy with parallel factor analysis were applied to evaluate the P release process from microalgae and found the optimal breaking-wall condition (P release 90.5%, hydrothermal digestion mixture of H2O2 and NaOH at 348 K). Parallel factor analysis showed there was a close relationship between P and humic-like substance. Hydrochar loaded with magnesium exhibited a strong affinity for P, with maximum capacity 89.61 mg/g at 318 K. The P adsorption fitted pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir models. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were applied to reveal the mechanism of hydrochar modification and adsorption. It showed that Mg is loaded on the surface of hydrochar by electrostatic attraction and electron transfer with the carboxylic acid. P absorption was reached through anion exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Deng
- Biomass Engineering Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Biomass Engineering Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, PO Box 875306, Tempe, AZ 85287-5306, USA.
| | - Brajendra K Sharma
- Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, 1 Hazelwood Drive, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Haiyu Nie
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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11
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Li Q, Fu L, Wang Y, Zhou D, Rittmann BE. Excessive phosphorus caused inhibition and cell damage during heterotrophic growth of Chlorella regularis. Bioresour Technol 2018; 268:266-270. [PMID: 30081286 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.07.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A high phosphorus concentration is widely accepted as favorable for enhancing both microalgae growth and lipid accumulation; however, excessively high P could be counter-productive. In this study, we investigated the effects of increasing P levels (5.4, 25, 45, 150, and 250 mg-P L-1) on the heterotrophic cultivation of Chlorella regularis. Microalgae growth was inhibited and cells were severely damaged in response to highly excessive P levels (≥150 mg-P L-1). In particular, 250 mg-P L-1 resulted in a ∼40% decrease in cell density and a ∼70% loss of cell viability. Microalgae damage induced by excessive phosphorus included enlarged cell size, deformation of cell walls, and disorganization of organelles. These negative effects were associated with the over-accumulation of polyphosphates within cells, which may further cause binding of P to intracellular components. Although P is an essential nutrient, excessive P lowers cell growth and viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingcheng Li
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, PR China
| | - Liang Fu
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, PR China
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, PR China.
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Biodesign Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, USA
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12
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Zhang T, Wang Q, Deng Y, Jiang R. Recovery of Phosphorus From Swine Manure by Ultrasound/H 2O 2 Digestion, Struvite Crystallization, and Ferric Oxide Hydrate/Biochar Adsorption. Front Chem 2018; 6:464. [PMID: 30349816 PMCID: PMC6187983 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Swine manure is potentially harmful to the environment but is also a readily accessible local source of phosphorus (P) for agricultural use. Decreasing the environmental impact of swine manure and recovering P from swine manure have been a challenge for a long time. In this study, an integrated process involving ultrasound/H2O2 digestion, struvite crystallization, and ferric oxide hydrate (HFO)/biochar adsorption was used to recover P from swine manure. The ultrasound/H2O2 treatment effectively solubilized the swine manure and converted organic P and other sparingly soluble P species into soluble phosphate. The struvite crystallization process allowed 85% of the available P to be recovered at pH 10.0 using a Mg:P molar ratio of 1.4 and a stirring rate of 150 rpm. HFO was loaded onto biochar synthesized by pyrolyzing ground corncob. The mechanism through which P was adsorbed was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The adsorption of P by the HFO/biochar followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and was primarily controlled by chemical processes. The maximum amounts of P adsorbed were 225.08–242.21 mg/g. Thermodynamic calculations indicated that the adsorption of P was endothermic and spontaneous and increased the degree of disorder in the overall system. P mass balance calculations indicated that 90.4% of the total P was recovered as struvite and P-saturated HFO/biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, Biomass Engineering Center, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Institute for Agricultural Engineering, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Qiming Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, Biomass Engineering Center, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxin Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, Biomass Engineering Center, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Illinois Sustainable Technology Center, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Rongfeng Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, Biomass Engineering Center, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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13
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Venkatesan AK, Gan W, Ashani H, Herckes P, Westerhoff P. Size exclusion chromatography with online ICP-MS enables molecular weight fractionation of dissolved phosphorus species in water samples. Water Res 2018; 133:264-271. [PMID: 29407707 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an important and often limiting element in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. A lack of understanding of its distribution and structures in the environment limits the design of effective P mitigation and recovery approaches. Here we developed a robust method employing size exclusion chromatography (SEC) coupled to an ICP-MS to determine the molecular weight (MW) distribution of P in environmental samples. The most abundant fraction of P varied widely in different environmental samples: (i) orthophosphate was the dominant fraction (93-100%) in one lake, two aerosols and DOC isolate samples, (ii) species of 400-600 Da range were abundant (74-100%) in two surface waters, and (iii) species of 150-350 Da range were abundant in wastewater effluents. SEC-DOC of the aqueous samples using a similar SEC column showed overlapping peaks for the 400-600 Da species in two surface waters, and for >20 kDa species in the effluents, suggesting that these fractions are likely associated with organic matter. The MW resolution and performance of SEC-ICP-MS agreed well with the time integrated results obtained using conventional ultrafiltration method. Results show that SEC in combination with ICP-MS and DOC has the potential to be a powerful and easy-to-use method in identifying unknown fractions of P in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun K Venkatesan
- Center for Clean Water Technology, Department of Civil Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA; School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-3005, USA.
| | - Wenhui Gan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Harsh Ashani
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-3005, USA
| | - Pierre Herckes
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-3005, USA
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14
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Abomohra AEF, Eladel H, El-Esawi M, Wang S, Wang Q, He Z, Feng Y, Shang H, Hanelt D. Effect of lipid-free microalgal biomass and waste glycerol on growth and lipid production of Scenedesmus obliquus: Innovative waste recycling for extraordinary lipid production. Bioresour Technol 2018; 249:992-999. [PMID: 29145127 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, a novel approach of using growth medium with different substitutions of lipid-free algal hydrolysate (LFAH, 0, 5, 10 and 15%) and/or waste glycerol (WG, 0, 5, 10 and 20 g L-1) for enhanced biodiesel production from Scenedesmus obliquus was studied. Combination of different concentrations of WG with 15% LFAH showed the maximum significant biomass productivity, which represented 27.4, 30.5 and 28.9% over the control at combined 5, 10 and 20 g L-1 WG, respectively. The combinations of different LFAH with 20 g L-1 WG showed the maximum significant lipid accumulation, where lipid productivity showed its maximum significant value of 59.66 mg L-1 d-1 using LFAH15-WG10. In addition, LFAH15-WG10 significantly enhanced total FAMEs yield by 21.2% over the control. Moreover, it reduced polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) ratio from 52.1% to 47.8% of total FAMEs, and increased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) ratio from 26.6% to 31.3% of total FAMEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd El-Fatah Abomohra
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hamed Eladel
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, 13518 Benha, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt; Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Shuang Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhixia He
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongqiang Feng
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Shang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, 212013 Jiangsu, China
| | - Dieter Hanelt
- Department of Cell Biology and Phycology, University of Hamburg, Ohnhorststrasse 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany
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15
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Qiu H, Yang L, Liu F, Zhao Y, Liu L, Zhu J, Song M. Highly selective capture of phosphate ions from water by a water stable metal-organic framework modified with polyethyleneimine. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:23694-23703. [PMID: 28861692 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a series of polyethyleneimine (PEI) impregnated metal-organic framework (UiO-66) with varying PEI loadings were prepared and applied as sorbents to capture phosphate ions from water. As indicated by SEM and XRD analysis, PEI was dispersed on the outer surface and the inner pores of UiO-66. At 9.45% PEI loadings (UiO-66-3), the saturated adsorption capacity of phosphate reached 73.15 mg P/g at 298 K, which is superior to most sorbents ever reported. UiO-66-3 could sequestrate phosphate over a wide pH range from 2.0 to 7.0 with high efficiency. The sorption toward phosphate reached equilibrium in 50 min. Unlike commercial anion exchanger IRA-900, UiO-66-3 still exhibited high removal toward phosphate even large amount of coexisted anions were present. Successive sorption assay demonstrated that the removal efficiency of UiO-66-3 toward phosphate remained constant after six cyclic runs. All the above results indicated the great potential of UiO-66-3 as a promising sorbent for the decontamination of water from phosphate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China.
| | - Luyang Yang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengling Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Zhao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - LeLe Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhong Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxia Song
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CICAEET), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, People's Republic of China
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16
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He X, Zhang T, Ren H, Li G, Ding L, Pawlowski L. Phosphorus recovery from biogas slurry by ultrasound/H 2O 2 digestion coupled with HFO/biochar adsorption process. Waste Manag 2017; 60:219-229. [PMID: 27594573 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) recovery from biogas slurry has recently attracted considerable interest. In this work, ultrasound/H2O2 digestion coupled with ferric oxide hydrate/biochar (HFO/biochar) adsorption process was performed to promote P dissolution, release, and recovery from biogas slurry. The results showed that the optimal total phosphorus release efficiency was achieved at an inorganic phosphorus/total phosphorus ratio of 95.0% at pH 4, 1mL of added H2O2, and ultrasonication for 30min. The P adsorption by the HFO/biochar followed pseudo second-order kinetics and was mainly controlled by chemical processes. The Langmuir-Freundlich model matched the experimental data best for P adsorption by HFO/biochar at 298 and 308K, whereas the Freundlich model matched best at 318K. The maximum amount of P adsorbed was 220mg/g. The process was endothermic, spontaneous, and showed an increase in disorder at the solid-liquid interface. The saturated adsorbed HFO/biochar continually releases P and is most suitable for use in an alkaline environment. The amount of P released reached 29.1mg/g after five extractions. P mass balance calculation revealed that 11.3% of the total P can be made available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng He
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lili Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lucjan Pawlowski
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
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17
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Mayer BK, Baker LA, Boyer TH, Drechsel P, Gifford M, Hanjra MA, Parameswaran P, Stoltzfus J, Westerhoff P, Rittmann BE. Total Value of Phosphorus Recovery. Environ Sci Technol 2016; 50:6606-20. [PMID: 27214029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a critical, geographically concentrated, nonrenewable resource necessary to support global food production. In excess (e.g., due to runoff or wastewater discharges), P is also a primary cause of eutrophication. To reconcile the simultaneous shortage and overabundance of P, lost P flows must be recovered and reused, alongside improvements in P-use efficiency. While this motivation is increasingly being recognized, little P recovery is practiced today, as recovered P generally cannot compete with the relatively low cost of mined P. Therefore, P is often captured to prevent its release into the environment without beneficial recovery and reuse. However, additional incentives for P recovery emerge when accounting for the total value of P recovery. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the range of benefits of recovering P from waste streams, i.e., the total value of recovering P. This approach accounts for P products, as well as other assets that are associated with P and can be recovered in parallel, such as energy, nitrogen, metals and minerals, and water. Additionally, P recovery provides valuable services to society and the environment by protecting and improving environmental quality, enhancing efficiency of waste treatment facilities, and improving food security and social equity. The needs to make P recovery a reality are also discussed, including business models, bottlenecks, and policy and education strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke K Mayer
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
| | - Lawrence A Baker
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Treavor H Boyer
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure & Environment (ESSIE), University of Florida , P.O. Box 116450, Gainesville, Florida 32611-6450, United States
| | - Pay Drechsel
- International Water Management Institute (IWMI), P.O. Box 2075, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Mac Gifford
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University , 660 South College Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Munir A Hanjra
- International Water Management Institute (IWMI), P.O. Box 2075, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Prathap Parameswaran
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kansas State University , 2118 Fiedler Hall, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Jared Stoltzfus
- School of Sustainability, Arizona State University , 800 South Cady Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University , 660 South College Avenue, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Bruce E Rittmann
- Swette Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Arizona State University , P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, Arizona 85287-5701, United States
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18
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Barbera E, Sforza E, Kumar S, Morosinotto T, Bertucco A. Cultivation of Scenedesmus obliquus in liquid hydrolysate from flash hydrolysis for nutrient recycling. Bioresour Technol 2016; 207:59-66. [PMID: 26868157 PMCID: PMC4885663 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The production of biofuels from microalgae is associated with high demands of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) required for growth. Recycling nutrients from the residual biomass is essential to obtain a sustainable production. In this work, the aqueous phase obtained from flash hydrolysis of Scenedesmus sp. was used as cultivation medium for a microalga of the same genus, to assess the feasibility of this technique for nutrient recycling purposes. Batch and continuous cultivations were carried out, to determine growth performances in this substrate compared to standard media, and verify if a stable biomass production could be obtained. In continuous experiments, the effect of hydrolysate inlet concentration and of residence time were assessed to optimize nutrient supply in relation to productivity. Results obtained show that nutrient recycling is feasible by treating biomass with flash hydrolysis, and Scenedesmus is capable of recycling large amounts of recovered nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Barbera
- Department of Industrial Engineering DII, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Sforza
- Department of Industrial Engineering DII, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, United States
| | - Tomas Morosinotto
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Bertucco
- Department of Industrial Engineering DII, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Qiu H, Liang C, Zhang X, Chen M, Zhao Y, Tao T, Xu Z, Liu G. Fabrication of a Biomass-Based Hydrous Zirconium Oxide Nanocomposite for Preferable Phosphate Removal and Recovery. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:20835-20844. [PMID: 26340586 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Advanced removal of phosphate by low-cost adsorbents from municipal wastewater or industrial effluents is an effective and economic way to prevent the occurrence of eutrophication. Here, we proposed a novel method to immobilize hydrous zirconium oxide nanoparticle within quaternary-aminated wheat straw, and obtained an inexpensive, eco-friendly nanocomposite Ws-N-Zr. The biomass-based Ws-N-Zr exhibited higher preference toward phosphate than commercial anion exchanger IRA-900 when competing sulfate ions coexisted at relatively high levels. Such excellent performance of Ws-N-Zr resulted from its specific hybrid structure, the quaternary ammonium groups bonded on the host favor the preconcentration of phosphate ions inside the wheat straw based on Donnan effect, and the encapsulated HZO nanoparticle exhibits preferable sequestration of phosphate ions through specific interaction, as further demonstrated by FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Cycle adsorption and regeneration experiments demonstrated that Ws-N-Zr could be employed for repeated use without significant capacity loss, when the binary NaOH-NaCl solution was employed as the regenerant. The influence of solution pH and contact time was also examined. The results suggested that Ws-N-Zr has a great potential in efficient removal of phosphate in contaminated waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Mindong Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology , Nanjing 210044, People's Republic of China
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