1
|
Gong W, Guo L, Huang C, Xie B, Jiang M, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Wu Y, Liang H. A systematic review of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in mariculture wastewater: Antibiotics removal by microalgal-bacterial symbiotic system (MBSS), ARGs characterization on the metagenomic. Sci Total Environ 2024; 930:172601. [PMID: 38657817 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic residues in mariculture wastewater seriously affect the aquatic environment. Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) produced under antibiotic stress flow through the environment and eventually enter the human body, seriously affecting human health. Microalgal-bacterial symbiotic system (MBSS) can remove antibiotics from mariculture and reduce the flow of ARGs into the environment. This review encapsulates the present scenario of mariculture wastewater, the removal mechanism of MBSS for antibiotics, and the biomolecular information under metagenomic assay. When confronted with antibiotics, there was a notable augmentation in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content within MBSS, along with a concurrent elevation in the proportion of protein (PN) constituents within the EPS, which limits the entry of antibiotics into the cellular interior. Quorum sensing stimulates the microorganisms to produce biological responses (DNA synthesis - for adhesion) through signaling. Oxidative stress promotes gene expression (coupling, conjugation) to enhance horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in MBSS. The microbial community under metagenomic detection is dominated by aerobic bacteria in the bacterial-microalgal system. Compared to aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria had the significant advantage of decreasing the distribution of ARGs. Overall, MBSS exhibits remarkable efficacy in mitigating the challenges posed by antibiotics and resistant genes from mariculture wastewater.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Gong
- School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Lin Guo
- School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chenxin Huang
- School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Binghan Xie
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, PR China.
| | - Mengmeng Jiang
- School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yuzhou Zhao
- School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- School of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - YuXuan Wu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lv L, Chen J, Wei Z, Hao P, Wang P, Liu X, Gao W, Sun L, Liang J, Ren Z, Zhang G, Li W. A new strategy for accelerating recovery of anaerobic granular sludge after low-temperature shock: In situ regulation of quorum sensing microorganisms embedded in polyvinyl alcohol sodium alginate. Bioresour Technol 2024; 401:130709. [PMID: 38636877 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Low-temperature could inhibit the performance of anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS). Quorum sensing (QS), as a communication mode between microorganisms, can effectively regulate AnGS. In this study, a kind of embedded particles (PVA/SA@Serratia) based on signal molecule secreting bacteria was prepared by microbial immobilization technology based on polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate to accelerate the recovery of AnGS system after low temperature. Low-temperature shock experiment verified the positive effect of PVA/SA@Serratia on restoring the COD removal rate and methanogenesis capacity of AnGS. Further analysis by metagenomics analysis showed that PVA/SA@Serratia stimulated higher QS activity and promoted the secretion of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in AnGS. The rapid construction of EPS protective layer effectively accelerated the establishment of a robust microbial community structure. PVA/SA@Serratia also enhanced multiple methanogenic pathways, including direct interspecies electron transfer. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that PVA/SA@Serratia could effectively strengthen AnGS after low-temperature shock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longyi Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Jiarui Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Ziyin Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Peng Hao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Wenfang Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Li Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Jinsong Liang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Zhijun Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, PR China
| | - Weiguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin 150090, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang H, Liu WH, Gao YY, Sun P, Zeng YP, Ma LL, Wu JN, Zhou SG, Cui XQ, Zeng RJ, Wang HF. A novel approach for sludge deep-dewatering via flowing-out enhancement but not relying on cell lysis and bound water release. Water Res 2024; 257:121743. [PMID: 38728775 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Effective deep-dewatering is crucial for wastewater sludge management. Currently, the dominant methods focus on promoting cell lysis to release intracellular water, but these techniques often lead to secondary pollution and require stringent conditions, limiting their practical use. This study explores an innovative method using a commercially available complex quaternary ammonium salt surfactant, known as G-agent. This agent remarkably reduces the sludge water content from 98.6 % to 56.8 % with a low dosage (50 mg/g DS) and under neutral pH conditions. This approach surpasses Fenton oxidation in terms of dewatering efficiency and avoids the necessity for cell lysis and bound water release, thereby reducing the risk of secondary pollution in the filtrate, including heavy metals, nitrogen, phosphorus, and other contaminants. The G-agent plays a significant role in destabilizing flocs and enhancing flocculation during the conditioning and initial dewatering stages, effectively reducing the solid-liquid interfacial affinity of the sludge. In the compression filtration stage, the agent's solidification effect is crucial in forming a robust skeleton that improves pore connectivity within the filter cake, leading to increased water permeability, drainage performance and water flow-out efficiency. This facilitates deep dewatering of sludge without cell lysis. The study reveals that the G-agent primarily improves water flow-out efficiency rather than water flowability, indicating that cell lysis and bound water release are not indispensable prerequisites for sludge deep-dewatering. Furthermore, it presents an encouraging prospect for overcoming the limitations associated with conventional sludge deep-dewatering processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wen-Hui Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yun-Yan Gao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuan-Ping Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lin-Lin Ma
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jiang-Nan Wu
- Fujian Haixia Environmental Protection Group Co.,Ltd, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shun-Gui Zhou
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xi-Qin Cui
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Raymond Jianxiong Zeng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Hou-Feng Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saygin H, Tilkili B, Kayisoglu P, Baysal A. Oxidative stress, biofilm-formation and activity responses of P. aeruginosa to microplastic-treated sediments: Effect of temperature and sediment type. Environ Res 2024; 248:118349. [PMID: 38309565 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Climate change and plastic pollution are the big environmental problems that the environment and humanity have faced in the past and will face in many decades to come. Sediments are affected by many pollutants and conditions, and the behaviors of microorganisms in environment may be influenced due to changes in sediments. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the differential effects of various microplastics and temperature on different sediments through the metabolic and oxidative responses of gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The sediments collected from various fields including beaches, deep-sea discharge, and marine industrial areas. Each sediment was extracted and then treated with various microplastics under different temperature (-18, +4, +20 and 35 °C) for seven days. Then microplastics were removed from the suspension and microplastic-exposed sediment samples were incubated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa to test bacterial activity, biofilm, and oxidative characteristics. The results showed that both the activity and the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa increased with the temperature of microplastic treatment in the experimental setups at the rates between an average of 2-39 % and 5-27 %, respectively. The highest levels of bacterial activity and biofilm formation were mainly observed in the beach area (average rate +25 %) and marine industrial (average rate +19 %) sediments with microplastic contamination, respectively. Moreover, oxidative characteristics significantly linked the bacterial activities and biofilm formation. The oxidative indicators of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that catalase and glutathione reductase were more influenced by microplastic contamination of various sediments than superoxide dismutase activities. For instance, catalase and glutathione reductase activities were changed between -37 and +169 % and +137 to +144 %, respectively; however, the superoxide dismutase increased at a rate between +1 and + 21 %. This study confirmed that global warming as a consequence of climate change might influence the effect of microplastic on sediments regarding bacterial biochemical responses and oxidation characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Saygin
- Application and Research Center for Advanced Studies, Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Batuhan Tilkili
- Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pinar Kayisoglu
- Deptment of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Baysal
- Deptment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li H, Xu H. Mechanisms of bacterial resistance to environmental silver and antimicrobial strategies for silver: A review. Environ Res 2024; 248:118313. [PMID: 38280527 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The good antimicrobial properties of silver make it widely used in food, medicine, and environmental applications. However, the release and accumulation of silver-based antimicrobial agents in the environment is increasing with the extensive use of silver-based antimicrobials, and the prevalence of silver-resistant bacteria is increasing. To prevent the emergence of superbugs, it is necessary to exercise rational and strict control over drug use. The mechanism of bacterial resistance to silver has not been fully elucidated, and this article provides a review of the progress of research on the mechanism of bacterial resistance to silver. The results indicate that bacterial resistance to silver can occur through inducing silver particles aggregation and Ag+ reduction, inhibiting silver contact with and entry into cells, efflux of silver particles and Ag+ in cells, and activation of damage repair mechanisms. We propose that the bacterial mechanism of silver resistance involves a combination of interrelated systems. Finally, we discuss how this information can be used to develop the next generation of silver-based antimicrobials and antimicrobial therapies. And some antimicrobial strategies are proposed such as the "Trojan Horse" - camouflage, using efflux pump inhibitors to reduce silver efflux, working with "minesweeper", immobilization of silver particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hui W, Zhou J, Jin R. Amino acid preparation and recovery from refractory sludge by the oxidative acid hydrolysis process. Environ Technol 2024; 45:1989-1999. [PMID: 36519308 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2159541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
After the anaerobic digestion of excess sludge, dissolved organic matter is absorbed and used, but the treatment of refractory sludge is a headache. The oxidative acid (performic acid and hydrochloric acid) hydrolysis process can effectively prepare amino acids from refractory sludge. During the preparation process, insoluble proteins in sludge were turned into soluble proteins and peptides. All of them eventually hydrolyse into amino acids. The optimum conditions in the single-factor experiment were as follows: a temperature of 110°C, a reaction time of 24 h, and a hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentration of 6 M. The results showed that the maximum total yield of amino acids from refractory sludge was 94.76%. In the orthogonal experiment, the maximum total yield of amino acids was 97.20% under the optimum conditions of a temperature of 113.45°C, a reaction time of 26.79 h, and 5.92 M HCl. The recovery rate of purity amino acids was 17.16 g per 100 g of dry sludge. The recovery rate of the hydrochloric acid was approximately 70%. There were 17 kinds of amino acids in the hydrolysate, which could be used as deodorants, food additives, preservatives, and corrosion inhibitors. This new technology is expected to be very effective in the treatment of refractory sludge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Hui
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiti Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruofei Jin
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Doloman A, de Bruin S, van Loosdrecht MCM, Sousa DZ, Lin Y. Coupling extracellular glycan composition with metagenomic data in papermill and brewery anaerobic granular sludges. Water Res 2024; 252:121240. [PMID: 38330717 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Glycans are crucial for the structure and function of anaerobic granular sludge in wastewater treatment. Yet, there is limited knowledge regarding the microorganisms and biosynthesis pathways responsible for glycan production. In this study, we analysed samples from anaerobic granular sludges treating papermill and brewery wastewater, examining glycans composition and using metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) to explore potential biochemical pathways associated with their production. Uronic acids were the predominant constituents of the glycans in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by the anaerobic granular sludges, comprising up to 60 % of the total polysaccharide content. MAGs affiliated with Anaerolineacae, Methanobacteriaceae and Methanosaetaceae represented the majority of the microbial community (30-50 % of total reads per MAG). Based on the analysis of MAGs, it appears that Anaerolinea sp. and members of the Methanobacteria class are involved in the production of exopolysaccharides within the analysed granular sludges. These findings shed light on the functional roles of microorganisms in glycan production in industrial anaerobic wastewater treatment systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Doloman
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, TU Delft, the Netherlands; Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Center for Microbial Communities, Aalborg University, Denmark
| | - Diana Z Sousa
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, the Netherlands; Centre for Living Technologies, EWUU Alliance, the Netherlands
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, TU Delft, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao Z, Wang Y, Chen H, Lv Y. Facilitating nitrification and biofilm formation of Vibrio sp. by N-acyl-homoserine lactones in high salinity environment. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2024; 47:325-339. [PMID: 38345624 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
The N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs)-mediated quorum-sensing (QS) system played a crucial role in regulating biological nitrogen removal and biofilm formation. However, the regulatory role of AHLs on nitrogen removal bacteria in high salinity environment has remained unclear. This study evaluated the roles and release patterns of AHLs in Vibrio sp. LV-Q1 under high salinity condition. Results showed that Vibrio sp. primarily secretes five AHLs, and the AHLs activity is strongly correlated with the bacterial density. Exogenous C10-HSL and 3OC10-HSL were found to significantly enhance ammonium removal, while making a minor contribution to the growth rate. Both the C10-HSL and 3OC10-HSL promoted the biofilm formation of Vibrio sp. with an enhancement of 1.64 and 1.78 times, respectively. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) observations confirmed the biofilm-enhancing effect of AHLs. Further analysis revealed that AHLs significantly improved bacterial self-aggregation and motility, as well as the level of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). These findings provide significant guidance on construction of nitrification system at high salinity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| | - Hu Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Yongkang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Coal Utilization, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
- Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Romero L, Weng S, Oulego P, Collado S, Marcet I, Díaz M. Hydrolyzed sewage sludge as raw bio-based material for hermetic bag production. Waste Manag 2024; 174:31-43. [PMID: 38006756 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the potential of sewage sludge, a significant residue of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), as a sustainable resource for producing a bio-based material for hermetic bags (BMHB), in order to reduce the dependency on petroleum-derived plastics. The approach involved the application of thermal hydrolysis to solubilize sewage sludge, and it systematically examined critical process parameters, including temperature (120-150 °C), residence time (1-4 h), and medium pH (6.6-10). Results revealed that alkaline thermal hydrolysis significantly enhanced biomolecule solubilization, particularly proteins (289 ± 1 mg/gVSSo), followed by humic-like substances (144 ± 6 mg/gVSSo) and carbohydrates (49 ± 2 mg/gVSSo). This condition also increased the presence of large-and medium-sized compounds, thereby enhancing BMHB mechanical resistance, with puncture resistance values reaching 63.7 ± 0.2 N/mm. Effective retention of UV light within the 280-400 nm range was also observed. All BMHB samples exhibited similar properties, including water vapor permeability (WVP) (∼3.9 g * mm/m2 * h * kPa), hydrophilicity (contact angles varied from 35.4° ± 0.3 to 64° ± 5), solubility (∼95%), and thermal stability (∼74% degradation at 700 °C). Notably, BMHB proved to be an eco-friendly packaging for acetamiprid, an agricultural pesticide, preventing direct human exposure to harmful substances. Testing indicated rapid pesticide release within 5 min of BMHB immersion in water, with only 5% of BMHB residues remaining after 20 min. Additionally, the application of this material in soil was considered safe, as it met regulatory limits for heavy metal content and exhibited an absence of microorganisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Romero
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, c/Julián Clavería s/n, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Shihan Weng
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, c/Julián Clavería s/n, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Paula Oulego
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, c/Julián Clavería s/n, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sergio Collado
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, c/Julián Clavería s/n, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ismael Marcet
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, c/Julián Clavería s/n, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mario Díaz
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, c/Julián Clavería s/n, E-33071 Oviedo, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pechaud Y, Derlon N, Queinnec I, Bessiere Y, Paul E. Modelling biofilm development: The importance of considering the link between EPS distribution, detachment mechanisms and physical properties. Water Res 2024; 250:120985. [PMID: 38118257 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
In industry, treatments against biofilms need to be optimized and, in the wastewater treatment field, biofilm composition needs to be controlled. Therefore, describing the biochemical and physical structures of biofilms is now required to better understand the influence of operating parameters and treatment on biofilms. The present study aims to investigate how growth conditions influence EPS composition, biofilm physical properties and volume detachment using a 1D biofilm model. Two types of EPS are considered in the present model, proteins and polysaccharides. The main hypotheses are that: (i) the production of polysaccharides occurs mainly under strong nutrient limitation(s) while the production of proteins is coupled to both the substrate uptake rate and the lysis process; (ii) the local biofilm porosity depends on the local biofilm composition. Both volume and surface detachment occur in biofilms and volume detachment extent depends on the biofilm local cohesion and thus on the local composition of biofilms for a given shear stress. The model is based on experimental trends and aims to represent these observations on the basis of biochemical and physical processes. Four case studies covering a wide range of contrasting growth conditions such as different COD/N ratios, applied SOLR and shear stresses are investigated. The model predicts how the biochemical and physical biofilm structures change as a result of contrasting growth conditions. More precisely simulation results are in good agreement with the main experimental observations reported in the literature, such as: (i) a strong nitrogen limitation of growth induces an important accumulation of polysaccharides leading to a more porous and homogenous biofilm, (ii) a high applied surface organic loading load allows to obtain a high biofilm thickness, (iii) a strong shear stress applied during the biofilm growth leads to a reduction of the biofilm thickness and to a consolidation of the biofilm structure. Overall, this model represents a relevant decision tool for the selection of appropriate enzymatic treatments in the context of negative biofilm control. From our results, it appears that protease based treatments should be more appropriate for biofilms developed under low COD/N ratios (about 20 gCOD/gN) whereas both glucosidases and proteases based treatments should be more appropriate for biofilms developed under high COD/N ratio (about 70 gCOD/gN). In addition, the model could be useful for other applications such as resource recovery in biofilms or granules, and help to better understand biological membrane fouling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Pechaud
- TBI, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Université de Toulouse, 35 avenue de Rangueil, Toulouse 31077, France; Laboratoire Géomatériaux et Environnement (EA 4508), Université Gustave Eiffel, Marne-la-Vallée 77454, France.
| | - N Derlon
- EAWAG, Ueberlandstrasse 133, P.O Box 611, Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland
| | - I Queinnec
- CNRS, LAAS, 7 avenue du Colonel Roche, Toulouse F-31400, France
| | - Y Bessiere
- TBI, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Université de Toulouse, 35 avenue de Rangueil, Toulouse 31077, France
| | - E Paul
- TBI, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, Université de Toulouse, 35 avenue de Rangueil, Toulouse 31077, France.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang D, Wang Y, Wang J, Fan X, Zhang S, Liu M, Ma L. Rethinking the relationships between gel like structure and sludge dewaterability based on a binary gel like structure model: Implications for the online sensing of dewaterability. Water Res 2024; 249:120971. [PMID: 38101042 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The digital transformation of sludge treatment processes requires online sensing of dewaterability. This topic has been attempted for many years based on macroscopic shear rheology. However, the relationship between rheological behavior and dewaterability remains noncommittal, and the reason is unclear. Herein, a binary gel-like structure model was proposed including the interactions network at the supra-flocs level and the gel-like structure at the flocs level. Multiple advanced techniques including optical tweezers were employed to precisely understand the binary gel-like structure and to classify the correlation mechanism between this gel-like structure, rheological behavior, and dewaterability. The analysis of sludge from eight wastewater treatment plants showed the binary gel-like structures at both supra-flocs and flocs levels have significant relationships with sludge dewaterability (p < 0.05). Further deconstruction of the sludge viscoelastic behavior illustrated that the gel-like structure at the supra-flocs level dominates the rheological behavior of sludge. Moreover, the direct description of the binary gel-like structure in four typical sludge treatment processes highlighted the importance of the flocs level's structure in determining the dewaterability. Overall, this study revealed that shear rheology may prefer to stress the interactions network at the supra-flocs level but mask the flocs level's structure, although the latter is important. This observation may provide a general guideline for the design of robust sensors for dewaterability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daxin Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; School of Soil & Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yili Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Cell Biology Facility, Center of Biomedical Analysis, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyang Fan
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meilin Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Luyao Ma
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chen LM, Beck P, van Ede J, Pronk M, van Loosdrecht MCM, Lin Y. Anionic extracellular polymeric substances extracted from seawater-adapted aerobic granular sludge. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:144. [PMID: 38231410 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12954-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Anionic polymers, such as heparin, have been widely applied in the chemical and medical fields, particularly for binding proteins (e.g., fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) and histones). However, the current animal-based production of heparin brings great risks, including resource shortages and product contamination. Recently, anionic compounds, nonulosonic acids (NulOs), and sulfated glycoconjugates were discovered in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Given the prevalence of anionic polymers, in marine biofilms, it was hypothesized that the EPS from AGS grown under seawater condition could serve as a raw material for producing the alternatives to heparin. This study aimed to isolate and enrich the anionic fractions of EPS and evaluate their potential application in the chemical and medical fields. The AGS was grown in a lab-scale reactor fed with acetate, under the seawater condition (35 g/L sea salt). The EPS was extracted with an alkaline solution at 80 °C and fractionated by size exclusion chromatography. Its protein binding capacity was evaluated by native gel electrophoresis. It was found that the two highest molecular weight fractions (438- > 14,320 kDa) were enriched with NulO and sulfate-containing glycoconjugates. The enriched fractions can strongly bind the two histones involved in sepsis and a model protein used for purification by heparin-column. These findings demonstrated possibilities for the application of the extracted EPS and open up a novel strategy for resource recovery. KEY POINTS: • High MW EPS from seawater-adapted AGS are dominant with sulfated groups and NulOs • Fifty-eight percent of the EPS is high MW of 68-14,320 kDa • EPS and its fractions can bind histones and fibroblast growth factor 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Le Min Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Paula Beck
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Jitske van Ede
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mario Pronk
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
- Royal HaskoningDHV, Laan 1914 35, Amersfoort, 3800, AL, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xu ZX, Tan Y, Ma XQ, Li B, Chen YX, Zhang B, Osman SM, Luo JY, Luque R. Valorization of sewage sludge for facile and green wood bio-adhesives production. Environ Res 2023; 239:117421. [PMID: 37852465 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
A method is presented herein for the design of wood bio-adhesives using sewage sludge extracts (SSE). SSE was extracted from SS using deep eutectic solvents and processed with glycerol triglycidyl ether (GTE) to disrupt the secondary structure of proteins. An additive was also used to improve mechanical performance. The resulting bio-adhesive (SSE/GTE@TA) had a wet shear strength of 0.93 MPa, meeting the Chinese national standard GB/T 9846-2015 (≥0.7 MPa). However, the high polysaccharide content in SSE would weaken the mechanical properties of wood bio-adhesives. The key to improve bio-adhesive quality was the formation of a strong chemical bond via Maillard reaction as well as higher temperatures (140 °C) to reduce polysaccharide content via dehydration. This approach has lower environmental impact and higher economic efficiency compared to incineration and anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. This work provides a new perspective on the high-value utilization of SS and offers a novel approach to developing bio-adhesives for the wood industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiang Xu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Yi Tan
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Xue-Qin Ma
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yong-Xing Chen
- Zhoukou Normal University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wenchang Avenue, Zhoukou, Henan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jing-Yang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Rafael Luque
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation; Universidad ECOTEC, Km. 13.5 Samborondón, Samborondón, EC092302, Ecuador.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shi J, Lv B, Wang B, Xie B. Insight into the responses of antibiotic resistance genes in microplastic biofilms to zinc oxide nanoparticles and zinc ions pressures in landfill leachate. J Hazard Mater 2023; 459:132096. [PMID: 37480611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) biofilms are hotspots of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in landfill environment. MP biofilms in landfill leachate coexist with heavy metals and metallic nanoparticles (NPs) that considered to be the selective agents of ARGs. However, the effects of these selective pressures on ARGs in MP biofilms and their differences in MP-surrounding leachate have not been well understood. Herein, the changes of ARG abundances in MP biofilms and corresponding leachate under zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs and zinc ion (Zn2+) pressures were comparatively analyzed. The presence of ZnO NPs and Zn2+ promoted the enrichment of ARGs in MP biofilms, and the enrichment was more pronounced in ZnO NPs groups. ZnO NPs and especially Zn2+ mainly decreased the abundances of ARGs in leachate. The increase of integron abundances and reactive oxygen species production in MP biofilms implied the enhanced potential for horizontal transfer of ARGs under ZnO NPs and Zn2+ pressures. Meanwhile, the co-occurrence pattern between ARGs and bacterial genera in MP biofilms with more diverse potential ARG hosts was more complex than in leachate, and the enrichment of ARG-hosting bacteria in MP biofilms under ZnO NPs and Zn2+ pressures supported the enrichment of ARGs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Shi
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Baoyi Lv
- College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Binghan Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Bing Xie
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China; Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xu W, Lu X, Tang X, Xu J, Ye Z. Mechanism of quinone mediators modified polyurethane foam for enhanced nitrobenzene reduction and denitrification. J Hazard Mater 2023; 459:131830. [PMID: 37506643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The nitrobenzene (NB) reduction and denitrification performance of the immobilized biofilm (I-BF) reactors based on 9,10-anthraquinone-2-sulfonyl chloride (ASC) modified polyurethane foam (PUF-ASC) carriers were investigated. Experiments demonstrated that the quinone mediators enhanced NB reduction and denitrification performance. The NB reduction rates increased by 1.46, while the NO3--N removal rates increased by 1.55 times in the PUF-0.1ASC system. The quinone mediators promote extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion. Electrochemical tests indicated that quinone mediators enhanced the electron transfer of biofilm systems. NADH generation was accelerated and microbial electron transport system activity (ETSA) was promoted. The abundance of genera with electrochemical activity, NB degradation and denitrification ability (Pseudomonas sp., Diaphorobate sp., and Acinetobacter sp.) increased. Metabolic pathways relating to NO3--N and NB reduction were uploaded. In conclusion, electron acquisition by NO3--N and NB was facilitated, bacterial community structure and metabolic pathways were affected by the quinone mediators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China; Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinyue Lu
- Technical research and development center, CNOOC Gas and Power Group Co., Ltd, Beijing 100028, China
| | - Xiaohui Tang
- No. 1 Engineering Design Institute, Academy of Environmental Planning and Design, Co., Ltd. Nanjing University, Nanjing 210003, China
| | - Jin Xu
- School of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing 211167, China
| | - Zhengfang Ye
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Fan X, Wang Y, Zhang D, Zhang S, Liu C, Liu M. A comprehensive assessment on sludge conditioning by pyrite acid eluent-activated peroxymonosulfate based on dewaterability, heavy metals risk and ore recovery. Waste Manag 2023; 170:82-92. [PMID: 37556939 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater activated sludge (WAS) has poor dewaterability and contains heavy metals (HMs), limiting its land application. Therefore, in this study, a novel pyrite acid eluent-activated peroxymonosulfate (Fe2+pyrite/PMS) conditioning approach that can completely recover the residual pyrite and greatly reduce acid use was developed to improve WAS dewaterability, and the HMs chemical speciation and risks of conditioned WAS were assessed. Our results showed that under the optimized operational parameters, the capillary suction time (CST) and water content (Wc) of WAS decreased by 46.03% and 7.75%, respectively. Furthermore, during Fe2+pyrite/PMS conditioning processing, sulfate radical (SO4-) destroyed the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) matrix, causing bound water release and the decrease of proteins/polysaccharides in outer layered EPS, even the decomposition of some protein-N in tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) into inorganic-N. In addition, although the total concentration of HMs in the conditioned WAS matrix increased, the Ni concentration decreased in the solid fraction. Further, the risk assessment code (RAC) levels did not increase, and the eco-toxicity of Cr became weakened after Fe2+pyrite/PMS conditioning. However, after acid extraction, the pyrite residue had worsened recycle performance because the passivation layer contained S0/Sn2- on its surface, and no additional elements were detected in the pyrite residue, which had almost no effect on its further usage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Fan
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Yili Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Daxin Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Chenyang Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Meilin Liu
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; Engineering Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control & Eco-remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gao F, Ma X, Tan Y, Zhang B, Yang Y, Nie H, Xu Z. The Effect of Organic Matter from Sewage Sludge as an Interfacial Layer on the Surface of Nano-Al and Fluoride. Molecules 2023; 28:6494. [PMID: 37764270 PMCID: PMC10536677 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its high reactivity, the nano aluminum particle (n-Al) has attracted more attention in energetic materials but is easily oxidized during processing. In order to realize sewage sludge (SS) resource and n-Al coating, the organic matter was extracted from SS, using the deep eutectic solvent method due to its strong dissolving capacity, and then the organic matter was pretreated by ball milling, which was used as an interfacial layer between n-Al and fluoride. It was found that organic matter was successfully extracted from SS. The main organic matter is proteins. The ball milling method can effectively destroy the secondary structure of proteins to release more active functional groups. During the pretreatment, the Maillard reaction broke the proteins structure to form more active low molecular weight compounds. It was confirmed that n-Al can be coated by PBSP under mild conditions to form a uniform core-shell structure. PFOA can effectively coat the n-Al@PBSP to form n-Al@PBSP/PFOA, which can enhance the combustion of n-Al. The gas phase flame temperature can notably improve to 2892 K. The reaction mechanism between n-Al and coating was analyzed. The results could help SS treatment and provide new insights for n-Al coating and SS-based organic matter recovery and utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Gao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (F.G.)
| | - Xueqin Ma
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (F.G.)
| | - Yi Tan
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (F.G.)
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;
| | - Yixing Yang
- Oil &Gas Technology Research Institute, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Xi’an 710018, China;
| | - Hongqi Nie
- Science and Technology on Combustion, Internal Flow and Thermostructure Laboratory, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Zhixiang Xu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (F.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pereira J, Neves P, Nemanic V, Pereira MA, Sleutels T, Hamelers B, Heijne AT. Starvation combined with constant anode potential triggers intracellular electron storage in electro-active biofilms. Water Res 2023; 242:120278. [PMID: 37413745 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of electrons in the form of Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) and poly-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) has been studied in anaerobic processes by adjusting the access of microorganisms to the electron donor and final electron acceptor. In Bio-electrochemical systems (BESs), intermittent anode potential regimes have also recently been used to study electron storage in anodic electro-active biofilms (EABfs), but the effect of electron donor feeding mode on electron storage has not been explored. Therefore, in this study, the accumulation of electrons in the form of EPS and PHA was studied as a function of the operating conditions. EABfs were grown under both constant and intermittent anode potential regimes and fed with acetate (electron donor) continuously or in batch. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to assess electron storage. The range of Coulombic efficiencies, from 25 to 82%, and the biomass yields, between 10 and 20%, indicate that storage could have been an alternative electron consuming process. From image processing, a 0.92 pixel ratio of poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) and amount of cells was found in the batch fed EABf grown under a constant anode potential. This storage was linked to the presence of living Geobacter and shows that energy gain and carbon source starvation were the triggers for intracellular electron storage. The highest EPS content (extracellular storage) was observed in the continuously fed EABf under an intermittent anode potential, showing that constant access to electron donor and intermittent access to the electron acceptor leads to the formation of EPS from the excess energy gained. Tailoring operating conditions can thus steer the microbial community and result in a trained EABf to perform a desired biological conversion, which can be beneficial for a more efficient and optimized BES.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Pereira
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Patrícia Neves
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Vivian Nemanic
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Alcina Pereira
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; LABBELS -Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Tom Sleutels
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bert Hamelers
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Annemiek Ter Heijne
- Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu S, Zhou M, Daigger GT, Huang J, Song G. Granule formation mechanism, key influencing factors, and resource recycling in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) wastewater treatment: A review. J Environ Manage 2023; 338:117771. [PMID: 37004484 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The high-efficiency and additionally economic benefits generated from aerobic granular sludge (AGS) wastewater treatment have led to its increasing popularity among academics and industrial players. The AGS process can recycle high value-added biomaterials including extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), sodium alginate-like external polymer (ALE), polyhydroxyfatty acid (PHA), and phosphorus (P), etc., which can serve various fields including agriculture, construction, and chemical while removing pollutants from wastewaters. The effects of various key operation parameters on formation and structural stability of AGS are comprehensively summarized. The degradable metabolism of typical pollutants and corresponding microbial diversity and succession in the AGS wastewater treatment system are also discussed, especially with a focus on emerging contaminants removal. In addition, recent attempts for potentially effective production of high value-added biomaterials from AGS are proposed, particularly concerning improving the yield, quality, and application of these biomaterials. This review aims to provide a reference for in-depth research on the AGS process, suggesting a new alternative for wastewater treatment recycling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450000, China; Zhongzhou Water Holding Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward St, G.G. Brown Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Miao Zhou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
| | - Glen T Daigger
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, 2350 Hayward St, G.G. Brown Building, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Jianping Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
| | - Gangfu Song
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450000, China; Zhongzhou Water Holding Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Romero L, Oulego P, Collado S, Díaz M. Advanced thermal hydrolysis for biopolymer production from waste activated sludge: Kinetics and fingerprints. J Environ Manage 2023; 342:118243. [PMID: 37276624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Waste activated sludge (WAS) is the main residue of wastewater treatment plants, which can be considered an environmental problem of prime concern due to its increasing generation. In this study, a non-energetic approach was evaluated in order to use WAS as a renewable resource of high value-added products. For this reason, WAS was treated by thermal hydrolysis, H2O2 oxidation and advanced thermal hydrolysis (ATH) promoted by H2O2. The influence of temperature, H2O2 concentration and dosing strategy on biomolecule production (proteins and carbohydrates), size distribution (fingerprints) and various physico-chemical parameters (VSS, total and soluble COD, soluble TOC, pH and colour) was studied. The results revealed a synergistic effect between TH and H2O2 oxidation, which led to a significant increase in the production of both proteins and carbohydrates. In this sense, the concentration of proteins and carbohydrates obtained during TH at 85 °C for120 min was found to be 1376 ± 9 mg/L (121 mg/gVSSo) and 208 ± 4 mg/L (18 mg/gVSSo), respectively. However, in the presence of 4.5 mM H2O2/gVSSo under the same process conditions, the concentrations of proteins and carbohydrates exhibited a significant increase of 1.9-fold and 3.1-fold, respectively. Besides, the addition of H2O2 promoted the transformation of hydrophobic compounds, such as proteins and or lipids, into hydrophilic compounds, which presented low and medium sizes. An increase in temperature improved the solubilization rate and the yield of biomolecules significantly. Besides, the analysis of the kinetics related to the dosing strategy of H2O2 suggested the existence of two fractions during WAS solubilization, one of them being easily oxidizable, whereas the other one was more refractory to oxidation. Thus, the value of kH2O2 for the first addition of 1 mM H2O2/g VSSo was 0.020 L0.4 mgH2O2-0.4 min-1, while it was 4.3 and 8 times lower for the second and third additions, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Romero
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, E-33071, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Paula Oulego
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, E-33071, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Sergio Collado
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, E-33071, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Mario Díaz
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Oviedo, C/Julián Clavería s/n, E-33071, Oviedo, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lee MH, Choi SJ, Jang D, Kang S, Jung HJ, Hwang DS. A peptide of PilZ domain-containing protein controls wastewater-treatment-membrane biofouling by inducing bacterial attachment. Water Res 2023; 240:120085. [PMID: 37244016 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-based wastewater reclamation is used to mitigate water scarcity; however, irreversible biofouling is an elusive problem that hinders the efficiency of a forward-osmosis (FO) membrane-based process, and the protein responsible for fouling is unknown. Herein, we identified fouling proteins by analyzing the microbiome and proteome of wastewater extracellular polymeric substances responsible for strong irreversible FO-membrane fouling. The IGLSSLPR peptide of a PilZ domain-containing protein was found to recruit bacterial attachment when immobilized on the membrane surface while suppressing it when dissolved, in a similar manner to the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide in mammalian cell cultures. Bacteria adhere to IGLSSLPR and poly-l-lysine-coated membranes with similar energies and exhibit water fluxes that decline similarly, which is ascribable to interaction as strong as electrostatic interactions in the peptide-coated membranes. We conclude that IGLSSLPR is the key domain responsible for membrane fouling and can be used to develop antifouling technology against bacteria, which is similar to the current usage of RGD peptide in mammalian cell cultures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Hee Lee
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ju Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Duksoo Jang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoktae Kang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hee-Jung Jung
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea; R&D Center, ANPOLY INC., Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37666, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong Soo Hwang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea; Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University International Campus I-CREATE, Incheon 21983, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tumwesigye E, Felicitas Nnadozie C, C Akamagwuna F, Siwe Noundou X, William Nyakairu G, Odume ON. Microplastics as vectors of chemical contaminants and biological agents in freshwater ecosystems: Current knowledge status and future perspectives. Environ Pollut 2023; 330:121829. [PMID: 37196837 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are becoming ubiquitous, and their environmental fate is becoming an issue of concern. Our review aims to synthesize current knowledge status and provide future perspectives regarding the vector effect of MPs for chemical contaminants and biological agents. The evidence in the literature indicates that MPs are a vector for persistent organic pollutants (POPs), metals and pharmaceuticals. Concentrations of chemical contaminant in orders of six-fold higher on MPs surfaces than in the surrounding environmental waters have been reported. Chemical pollutants such as perfluoroalkyl substances (PAFSs), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), exhibiting polarities in the range of 3.3-9 are the commonest chemicals reported on MP surfaces. Regarding metals on MPs including chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co), the presence of C-O and N-H in MPs promote a relatively high adsorption of these metals onto MP surfaces. Regarding pharmaceuticals, not much has been done, but a few studies indicate that commonly used drugs such as ibuprofen, ibuprofen, diclofenac, and naproxen have been associated with MPs. There is sufficient evidence supporting the claim that MPs can act as vectors for viruses, bacterial and antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes, and MPs act to accelerate horizontal and vertical gene transfer. An area that deserves urgent attention is whether MPs can act as vectors for invertebrates and vertebrates, mainly non-native, invasive freshwater species. Despite the ecological significance of invasive biology, little research has been done in this regard. Overall, our review summarises the state of the current knowledge, identifies critical research gaps and provides perspectives for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Tumwesigye
- Centre for Environmental Water Quality, Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, South Africa
| | - Chika Felicitas Nnadozie
- Centre for Environmental Water Quality, Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, South Africa
| | - Frank C Akamagwuna
- Centre for Environmental Water Quality, Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, South Africa
| | | | | | - Oghenekaro Nelson Odume
- Centre for Environmental Water Quality, Institute for Water Research, Rhodes University, P.O. Box 94, Makhanda, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bahgat NT, Wilfert P, Korving L, van Loosdrecht M. Integrated resource recovery from aerobic granular sludge plants. Water Res 2023; 234:119819. [PMID: 36889090 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The study evaluated the combined phosphorus, nitrogen, methane, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) recovery from aerobic granular sludge (AGS) wastewater treatment plants. About 30% of sludge organics are recovered as EPS and 25-30% as methane (≈260 ml methane/g VS) by integrating alkaline anaerobic digestion (AD). It was shown that 20% of excess sludge total phosphorus (TP) ends in the EPS. Further, 20-30% ends in an acidic liquid waste stream (≈600 mg PO4-P/L), and 15% in the AD centrate (≈800 mg PO4-P/L) as ortho-phosphates in both streams and is recoverable via chemical precipitation. 30% of sludge total nitrogen (TN) is recovered as organic nitrogen in the EPS. Ammonium recovery from the alkaline high-temperature liquid stream is attractive, but it is not feasible for existing large-scale technologies because of low ammonium concentration. However, ammonium concentration in the AD centrate was calculated to be 2600 mg NH4-N/L and ≈20% of TN, making it feasible for recovery. The methodology used in this study consisted of three main steps. The first step was to develop a laboratory protocol mimicking demonstration-scale EPS extraction conditions. The second step was to establish mass balances over the EPS extraction process on laboratory and demonstration scales within a full-scale AGS WWTP. Finally, the feasibility of resource recovery was evaluated based on concentrations, loads, and integration of existing technologies for resource recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nouran T Bahgat
- Wetsus, European Centre Of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 7, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Dept. Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Philipp Wilfert
- Dept. Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Leon Korving
- Wetsus, European Centre Of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 7, 8911, MA, Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Mark van Loosdrecht
- Dept. Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629, HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liang Y, Lee MH, Zhou A, Khanthaphixay B, Hwang DS, Yoon JY. eXtreme gradient boosting-based classification of bacterial mixtures in water and milk using wireless microscopic imaging of quorum sensing peptide-conjugated particles. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 227:115144. [PMID: 36805271 PMCID: PMC10066731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous bacteria can cause water- and foodborne diseases and are often found in bacterial mixtures, making their detection challenging. Specific bioreceptors or selective growth media are necessary for most bacterial detection methods. In this work, we collectively used five quorum sensing-based peptides identified from bacterial biofilms to identify 10 different bacterial species (Bacillus subtilis, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Legionella pneumophila, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella Typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus) and their mixtures in water and milk. Four different machine learning classification methods were used: k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), decision tree (DT), support vector machine (SVM), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Peptides were crosslinked to submicron particles, and peptide-bacteria interactions on paper microfluidic chips caused the particle aggregation. A wireless, pocket fluorescence microscope (interfaced with a smartphone) counted such particle aggregations. XGBoost showed the best accuracy of 83.75% in identifying bacterial species from water samples using 320 different datasets and 91.67% from milk samples using 140 different datasets (5 peptide features per dataset). Each peptide's contribution to correct classification was evaluated. The results were concentration-dependent, allowing the identification of a dominant species from bacterial mixtures. Using XGBoost and the previous milk database, we tested 14 blind samples of various bacterial mixtures in milk samples, with an accuracy of 81.55% to predict the dominant species. The entire process could be completed within a half hour. The demonstrated system can provide a handheld, low-cost, easy-to-operate tool for potential hygiene spot-checks, public health, or personal healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States
| | - Min Hee Lee
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Avory Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States
| | - Bradley Khanthaphixay
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States
| | - Dong Soo Hwang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Yeol Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Peng S, Wang Z, Yu P, Liao G, Liu R, Wang D, Zhang W. Aggregation and construction mechanisms of microbial extracellular polymeric substances with the presence of different multivalent cations: Molecular dynamic simulation and experimental verification. Water Res 2023; 232:119675. [PMID: 36758351 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between cations and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) play an important role in the formation of microbial aggregates and have key effects on the physical properties of activated sludge across wastewater and sludge treatment process. Here, a molecular model of EPS cluster in activated sludge was constructed and simulated by molecular dynamics (MD) to probe the structural properties of EPS and the interaction between EPS and prevalent multivalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+). Then the predicted changes in physical properties were validated against the dynamic light scattering, XAD resin fractionation and rheology test. The binding dynamics and interactions mechanisms between multivalent cations and EPS functional groups were further investigated using MD in combination with spectroscopic analysis. Results suggest that biopolymers are originally aggregated by electrostatic and intermolecular interactions forming dynamic clusters with negatively charged surface functional groups, which induced electrostatic repulsion preventing further agglomeration of biopolymer clusters. In the presence of multivalent cations, surface polar functional groups in biopolymers are connected, causing the rearrangement of EPS molecular conformation that forms larger and denser agglomerates. Reduced solvent accessible surface area, enhanced hydrophobicity, and increased binding free energy lead to a strong gel-like network of EPS. Ca2+ and Al3+ predominantly interact with functional groups in polysaccharides, promoting agglomeration of macromolecules. In contrast, Mg2+ and Al3+ disrupted the secondary structure of proteins, exposing hydrophobic interaction sites. Al3+ can better agglomerate biopolymers with its higher positive charge and shorter coordination distance as compared to Ca2+ and Mg2+, but compromised by the effect of hydration. This work offers a novel approach to explore the construction and molecular aggregation of EPS, enriching the theoretical basis for optimization of wastewater and sludge treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sainan Peng
- Faculty Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyue Wang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, USA, Honolulu, HI, USA 96822-2217; Water Resources Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, USA, Honolulu, HI, USA 96822-2217.
| | - Pingfeng Yu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guiying Liao
- Faculty Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Faculty Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China; National Engineering Laboratory of High Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Agles AA, Bourg IC. Structure-Thermodynamic Relationship of a Polysaccharide Gel (Alginate) as a Function of Water Content and Counterion Type (Na vs Ca). J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1828-1841. [PMID: 36791328 PMCID: PMC10159261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c07129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are the predominant mode of microbial life on Earth, and so a deep understanding of microbial communities─and their impacts on environmental processes─requires a firm understanding of biofilm properties. Because of the importance of biofilms to their microbial inhabitants, microbes have evolved different ways of engineering and reconfiguring the matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) that constitute the main non-living component of biofilms. This ability makes it difficult to distinguish between the biotic and abiotic origins of biofilm properties. An important route toward establishing this distinction has been the study of simplified models of the EPS matrix. This study builds on such efforts by using atomistic simulations to predict the nanoscale (≤10 nm scale) structure of a model EPS matrix and the sensitivity of this structure to interpolymer interactions and water content. To accomplish this, we use replica exchange molecular dynamics (REMD) simulations to generate all-atom configurations of ten 3.4 kDa alginate polymers at a range of water contents and Ca-Na ratios. Simulated systems are solvated with explicitly modeled water molecules, which allows us to capture the discrete structure of the hydrating water and to examine the thermodynamic stability of water in the gels as they are progressively dehydrated. Our primary findings are that (i) the structure of the hydrogels is highly sensitive to the identity of the charge-compensating cations, (ii) the thermodynamics of water within the gels (specific enthalpy and free energy) are, surprisingly, only weakly sensitive to cation identity, and (iii) predictions of the differential enthalpy and free energy of hydration include a short-ranged enthalpic term that promotes hydration and a longer-ranged (presumably entropic) term that promotes dehydration, where short and long ranges refer to distances shorter or longer than ∼0.6 nm between alginate strands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avery A Agles
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Ian C Bourg
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and High Meadows Environmental Institute, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Portius M, Danneberg C, Pompe T. Biomaterial approaches for engineering and analyzing structure and metabolic states of microbial consortia within biofilms. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 81:102916. [PMID: 36870250 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial consortia within biofilms are frequently found in structured organization in nature and are thought to bear great potential for productive biotechnological applications, such as the degradation of complex substrates, biosensing, or the production of chemical compounds. However, in-depth understanding of their organizational principles, as well as comprehensive design criteria of structured microbial consortia for industrial applications are still limited. It is hypothesized that biomaterial engineering of such consortia within scaffolds can advance the field by providing defined in vitro mimics of naturally occurring and industrially applicable biofilms. Such systems will allow for adjustment of important microenvironmental parameters and in-depth analysis with high temporal and spatial resolution. In this review, we provide the background of biomaterial engineering of structured biofilm consortia, show approaches for their design, and demonstrate tools to analyze their metabolic state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Portius
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Germany; Research and Transfer Center for Bioactive Matter, bioACTmatter, Leipzig University, Germany
| | | | - Tilo Pompe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig University, Germany; Research and Transfer Center for Bioactive Matter, bioACTmatter, Leipzig University, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tomás-Martínez S, Zwolsman EJ, Merlier F, Pabst M, Lin Y, van Loosdrecht MCM, Weissbrodt DG. Turnover of the extracellular polymeric matrix of granules performing biological phosphate removal. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1997-2009. [PMID: 36759376 PMCID: PMC10006046 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) are responsible for enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) from wastewater, where they grow embedded in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). EPSs comprise a mixture of biopolymers like polysaccharides or (glyco)proteins. Despite previous studies, little is known about the dynamics of EPS in mixed cultures, and their production by PAOs and potential consumption by flanking microbes. EPSs are biodegradable and have been suggested to be a substrate for other organisms in the community. Studying EPS turnover can help elucidate their biosynthesis and biodegradation cycles. We analyzed the turnover of proteins and polysaccharides in the EPS of an enrichment culture of PAOs relative to the turnover of internal proteins. An anaerobic-aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) simulating EBPR conditions was operated to enrich for PAOs. After achieving a stable culture, carbon source was switched to uniformly 13C-labeled acetate. Samples were collected at the end of each aerobic phase. EPSs were extracted by alkaline treatment. 13C enrichment in proteins and sugars (after hydrolysis of polysaccharides) in the extracted EPS were measured by mass spectrometry. The average turnover rate of sugars and proteins (0.167 and 0.192 d-1 respectively) was higher than the expected value based on the solid removal rate (0.132 d-1), and no significant difference was observed between intracellular and extracellular proteins. This indicates that EPS from the PAO enriched community is not selectively degraded by flanking populations under stable EBPR process conditions. Instead, we observed general decay of biomass, which corresponds to a value of 0.048 d-1. KEY POINTS: • Proteins showed a higher turnover rate than carbohydrates. • Turnover of EPS was similar to the turnover of intracellular proteins. • EPS is not preferentially consumed by flanking populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Tomás-Martínez
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Erwin J Zwolsman
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Franck Merlier
- CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Rue du Docteur Schweitzer, 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, CS, France
| | - Martin Pabst
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - David G Weissbrodt
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9,2629, HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yu C, Li C, Zhang Y, Du X, Wang JH, Chi ZY, Zhang Q. Effects of environment-relevant concentrations of antibiotics on seawater Chlorella sp. biofilm in artificial mariculture effluent. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
|
30
|
Jin M, Liu H, Deng H, Xiao H, Liu S, Yao H. Dissociation and removal of alkali and alkaline earth metals from sewage sludge flocs during separate and assisted thermal hydrolysis. Water Res 2023; 229:119409. [PMID: 36462258 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
High levels of alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEM, including K, Na, Ca, and Mg) in sludge needs to be removed in pretreatment process for alleviating adverse effects on subsequent disposal. Theoretically, the liquid environment provided by the pretreatment technology of thermal hydrolysis (TH) is the ideal condition for the dissolution of AAEM. Therefore, this work quantified AAEM removal efficiency of TH and carbonaceous skeleton (CSkel) assisted TH that we previously proposed for sludge dewatering. Then the mechanism of AAEM dissociating from sludge was explored through the new perspective of biological structure evolution and chemical species transformation. The results showed that all of the AAEM in raw sludge was trapped in extracellular polymer substances (EPS) and cells. Only the water-soluble K/Na in EPS could be released by TH to the supernatant, the residual K/Na in EPS was organically linked with humic matters that were generated through the degradation of proteins. Water/NH4Ac-soluble K/Na in cells still stayed inside with a more stable form of HCl-soluble after TH. Fortunately, with the assistance of CSkel, this part of K/Na could be leached out due to organic acids derived from hemicellulose decomposition. In such a case, the removal efficiency of K/Na was elevated to 55.5% and 72.5%, respectively. Unlike K/Na, nearly all the Ca/Mg in EPS were transferred to cell residuals during TH. They were combined with the bio-phosphorus in cell residuals as the form of HCl-soluble Ca/Mg-P precipitates, rather than carbonates, sulfates or other compounds. This precipitation reaction was also moderately suppressed in CSkel-assisted TH with low pH, then 7.7% and 34.1% of Ca/Mg were taken away by filtrate. This means that appropriately raising the reaction temperature and adding CSkel with high hemicellulose/cellulose contents can promote the removal of AAEM in sludge during TH process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Hongping Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Han Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of New Energy Science and Engineering, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Hunan province Key Laboratory of Efficient & Clean Thermal Power Generation Technologies, State Grid Hunan Electric Power Corporation Research Institute, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Hong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ji CC, Chen KY, Deng SK, Wang JX, Hu YX, Xu XH, Cheng LH. Fouling evolution of extracellular polymeric substances in forward osmosis based microalgae dewatering. Water Res 2023; 229:119395. [PMID: 36463677 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling was still a challenge for the potential application of forward osmosis (FO) in algae dewatering. In this study, the fouling behaviors of Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus obliquus were compared in the FO membrane filtration process, and the roles of their soluble-extracellular polymeric substances (sEPS) and bound-EPS (bEPS) in fouling performance were investigated. The results showed that fouling behaviors could be divided into two stages including a quickly dropped and later a stable process. The bEPS of both species presented the highest flux decline (about 40.0%) by comparison with their sEPS, cells and broth. This performance was consistent with the largest dissolved organic carbon losses in feed solutions, and the highest interfacial free energy analyzed by the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory. The chemical characterizations of algal foulants further showed that the severe fouling performance was also consistent with a proper ratio of carbohydrates and proteins contents in the cake layer, as well as the higher low molecular weight (LMW) components. Compared with the bEPS, the sEPS was crucial for the membrane fouling of S. obliquus, and an evolution of the membrane fouling structure was found in both species at the later filtration stage. This work clearly revealed the fundamental mechanism of FO membrane fouling caused by real microalgal suspension, and it will improve our understanding of the evolutionary fouling performances of algal EPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Ji
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ke-Yu Chen
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Shao-Kang Deng
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jian-Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Yun-Xia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Xin-Hua Xu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Cheng
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; MOE Engineering Research Center of Membrane & Water Treatment Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang Z, Wang L, Ji Y, Cao R, Zhou J, Li M, Zhu L, Xu X. Understanding the N-acylated homoserine lactones(AHLs)-based quorum sensing for the stability of aerobic granular sludge in the aspect of substrate hydrolysis enhancement. Sci Total Environ 2023; 858:159581. [PMID: 36397605 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Efficient substrate metabolism is the premise for stable operation of aerobic granular sludge and can be regulated by quorum sensing (QS). In this study, starch and acetate were selected to represent complex and simple substrates to provide comparable amount of metabolic energy for granules cultivation. Starch-fed granules were larger in size and contained higher EPS content than acetate-fed granules, though both granules exhibited similar substrate-degradation rates during sequencing batch reactor (SBR) cycle. Three N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs), including C8-HSL, 3OHC8-HSL and 3OHC12-HSL, were detected as dominant autoinducers in granules. They accumulated more in starch-fed granules than acetate-fed granules. The batch experiments were implemented to investigate QS regulation for granular stability in terms of substrate hydrolysis and transformation. The addition of three AHLs increased the activity of α-amylase, the main starch hydrolase, 4-6 times, significantly (p < 0.01) higher than the control treatment without AHLs amendment. While activity of dehydrogenase, the main simple substrate degradation enzyme, was increased only 1-2 times. Higher enzyme activity, especially α-amylase, significantly (p < 0.05) promoted the substrate-degradation rate (65 % than control group) and EPS yield in starch-fed system. Overall, QS can facilitate complex substrate uptake via hydrolysis enhancement and EPS secretion, which together promote sludge granulation and stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yatong Ji
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Runjuan Cao
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiaheng Zhou
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Mengyan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark 07102, USA
| | - Liang Zhu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water Pollution Control, 388 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Flemming HC, van Hullebusch ED, Neu TR, Nielsen PH, Seviour T, Stoodley P, Wingender J, Wuertz S. The biofilm matrix: multitasking in a shared space. Nat Rev Microbiol 2023; 21:70-86. [PMID: 36127518 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The biofilm matrix can be considered to be a shared space for the encased microbial cells, comprising a wide variety of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as polysaccharides, proteins, amyloids, lipids and extracellular DNA (eDNA), as well as membrane vesicles and humic-like microbially derived refractory substances. EPS are dynamic in space and time and their components interact in complex ways, fulfilling various functions: to stabilize the matrix, acquire nutrients, retain and protect eDNA or exoenzymes, or offer sorption sites for ions and hydrophobic substances. The retention of exoenzymes effectively renders the biofilm matrix an external digestion system influencing the global turnover of biopolymers, considering the ubiquitous relevance of biofilms. Physico-chemical and biological interactions and environmental conditions enable biofilm systems to morph into films, microcolonies and macrocolonies, films, ridges, ripples, columns, pellicles, bubbles, mushrooms and suspended aggregates - in response to the very diverse conditions confronting a particular biofilm community. Assembly and dynamics of the matrix are mostly coordinated by secondary messengers, signalling molecules or small RNAs, in both medically relevant and environmental biofilms. Fully deciphering how bacteria provide structure to the matrix, and thus facilitate and benefit from extracellular reactions, remains the challenge for future biofilm research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hans-Curt Flemming
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | | | - Thomas R Neu
- Department of River Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Per H Nielsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Seviour
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Paul Stoodley
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jost Wingender
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Biofilm Centre, Department of Aquatic Microbiology, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan Wuertz
- Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Dueholm MKD, Besteman M, Zeuner EJ, Riisgaard-Jensen M, Nielsen ME, Vestergaard SZ, Heidelbach S, Bekker NS, Nielsen PH. Genetic potential for exopolysaccharide synthesis in activated sludge bacteria uncovered by genome-resolved metagenomics. Water Res 2023; 229:119485. [PMID: 36538841 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A good floc formation of activated sludge (AS) is crucial for solid-liquid separation and production of clean effluent during wastewater treatment. Floc formation is partly controlled by self-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as exopolysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids. Little is known about the composition, structure, and function of EPS in AS and which bacteria produce them. To address this knowledge gap for the exopolysaccharides, we took advantage of 1083 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) obtained from 23 Danish wastewater treatment plants. We investigated the genomic potential for exopolysaccharide biosynthesis in bacterial species typical in AS systems based on genome mining and gene synteny analyses. Putative gene clusters associated with the biosynthesis of alginate, cellulose, curdlan, diutan, hyaluronic acids, Pel, poly-β-1,6-N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (PNAG), Psl, S88 capsular polysaccharide, salecan, succinoglycan, and xanthan were identified and linked to individual MAGs, providing a comprehensive overview of the genome-resolved potential for these exopolysaccharides in AS bacteria. The approach and results provide a starting point for a more comprehensive understanding of EPS composition in wastewater treatment systems, which may facilitate a more refined regulation of the activated sludge process for improved stability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Kam Dahl Dueholm
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Maaike Besteman
- Department of Agrotechnology and Food Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Emil Juel Zeuner
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Marie Riisgaard-Jensen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten Eneberg Nielsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Sofie Zacho Vestergaard
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Søren Heidelbach
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Nicolai Sundgaard Bekker
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Per Halkjær Nielsen
- Center for Microbial Communities, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhao W, You J, Yin S, Yang H, He S, Feng L, Li J, Zhao Q, Wei L. Extracellular polymeric substances-antibiotics interaction in activated sludge: A review. Environ Sci Ecotechnol 2023; 13:100212. [PMID: 36425126 PMCID: PMC9678949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics, the most frequently prescribed drugs, have been widely applied to prevent or cure human and veterinary diseases and have undoubtedly led to massive releases into sewer networks and wastewater treatment systems, a hotspot where the occurrence and transformation of antibiotic resistance take place. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), biopolymers secreted via microbial activity, play an important role in cell adhesion, nutrient retention, and toxicity resistance. However, the potential roles of sludge EPS related to the resistance and removal of antibiotics are still unclear. This work summarizes the composition and physicochemical characteristics of state-of-the-art microbial EPS, highlights the critical role of EPS in antibiotics removal, evaluates their defense performances under different antibiotics exposures, and analyzes the typical factors that could affect the sorption and biotransformation behavior of antibiotics. Next, interactions between microbial EPS and antibiotic resistance genes are analyzed. Future perspectives, especially the engineering application of microbial EPS for antibiotics toxicity detection and defense, are also emphatically stressed.
Collapse
|
36
|
Xiao K, Wang K, Yu S, Yuan Y, Qin Y, An Y, Zhao X, Zhou Z. Membrane fouling behavior in membrane bioreactors for nitrogen-deficient wastewater pretreated by ammonium ion exchange. J Memb Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
37
|
Campo R, Carretti E, Lubello C, Lotti T. Recovery of structural extracellular polymeric substances (sEPS) from aerobic granular sludge: Insights on biopolymers characterization and hydrogel properties for potential applications. J Environ Manage 2022; 324:116247. [PMID: 36174471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are transforming into water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) where the resource recovery from waste streams is pivotal. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is a novel technology applied for wastewater treatment. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by microorganisms promote the aggregation of bacterial cells into AGS and the structural fraction of EPS (sEPS) is responsible for the mechanical properties of AGS. sEPS can be extracted and recovered from waste AGS by physico-chemical methods and its characterization is to date of relevant concern to understand the properties in the perspective of potential applications. This study reports on: characterization of sEPS extracted and recovered from AGS; - formation and characterization of sEPS-based hydrogels. Briefly, sEPS were extracted by a thermo-alkaline process followed by an acidic precipitation. sEPS-based hydrogels were formed by a cross-linking process with a 2.5% w/w CaCl2 solution. The following key-findings can be drawn: i) hydrogels can be formed starting from 1% w/w sEPS on, by diffusion of Ca2+ into sEPS network; ii) the Ca/C molar ratio of hydrogels decreased with increasing concentration of sEPS from 1 to 10% w/w; iii) the thermogravimetric and spectroscopic behaviours of sEPS show that the cross-linking reaction mainly involves the polysaccharidic fraction of biopolymers; iv) water-holding capacity up to 99 gH2O/gsEPS was registered for 1% w/w sEPS-based hydrogels, suggesting applications in several industrial sectors (i.e. chemical, paper, textile, agronomic, etc.); v) rheological results highlighted a solid-like behaviour (G'≫G") of sEPS-based hydrogels. The power-law fitting of G' vs. sEPS concentration suggests that the expansion of the sEPS network during cross-linking occurs through a percolative mechanism involving the initial formation of sEPS oligomers clusters followed by their interconnection towards the formation of 3D network. These findings provide additional information about the mechanisms of sEPS-based hydrogel formation and reveal the peculiar physico-chemical characteristics of sEPS which nowadays are increasingly gaining interest in the context of resource recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Campo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering - (DICEA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Emiliano Carretti
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff" & CSGI Consortium, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Claudio Lubello
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering - (DICEA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Lotti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering - (DICEA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Xing L, Yang J, Zhang Y, Ni BJ, Yang C, Yuan C, Li A. Model-based evaluation of the impacts of aeration on tightly bound and loosely bound extracellular polymeric substance production under non-steady-state conditions. Sci Total Environ 2022; 852:158566. [PMID: 36075439 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) and loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS) affect the flocculability and settleability of sludge and the transfer of oxygen, which are highly related to aeration. In this study, we systemically evaluated the expanded unified model-TL2.1 for its long-term simulation of TB-EPS and LB-EPS. Two different aeration conditions and three different influent carbon sources were used to evaluate the model, and the simulation results fit well with the experimental data. TB-EPS and LB-EPS production increased with aeration intensity. The influence of aeration parameters on TB-EPS and LB-EPS production in a short-term batch system and long-term sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system was compared. The aeration parameters included the total transfer coefficient (kLa) and the concentration of dissolved oxygen at the interface (CS). To ensure a high removal rate of substrates and ammonia nitrogen and achieve a stable active biomass concentration, the following aeration parameters can be adopted to reduce energy wastage during aeration: when CS is 2 mg/L, kLa can be set above 30 h-1 and below 50 h-1; when kLa is 50 h-1, CS can be set above 1 mg/L and below 1.5 mg/L. This study systematically revealed the influence of aeration on TB-EPS and LB-EPS formation in an SBR system through a mathematical model, and it provides a theoretical basis for better understanding aeration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Xu ZX, Ma XQ, Shan YQ, Li B, Osman SM, Duan PG, Luque R. DES mediated synthesis of sewage sludge-derived B, N-doped carbons for electrochemical applications. Chemosphere 2022; 308:135840. [PMID: 36007740 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In order to effectively utilize organic matter in sewage sludge (SS), a new porous carbon material was successfully prepared from SS with deep eutectic solvents (DES) (boric acid and urea), in which DES was firstly used to solvent to separate organic matter, also playing the role as a B and N donor as well as acid activator to form porous B, N-carbons. As-synthesized B, N-carbon electrode materials possessed a high specific capacitance of 251.4 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g. It retained 84.28% of the capacitance at an ultrahigh current density of 5 A/g. The energy density was 9.502 Wh/Kg at a power density of 245.4 W/kg in 6 M KOH in symmetric supercapacitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiang Xu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Xue-Qin Ma
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Ya-Qi Shan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, West Xianning Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Sameh M Osman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh,11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pei-Gao Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Energy Chemical Process Intensification, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, West Xianning Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Rafael Luque
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, E14014, Cordoba, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abdian PL, Malori MS, Caramelo JJ, Checchi AM, Russo DM, Zorreguieta A, Berretta MF, Benintende G. Fusion of a bacterial cadherin-like domain and green fluorescent protein as a specific probe to study biofilm matrix formation in Rhizobium spp. Microbiology (Reading) 2022; 168. [PMID: 36748557 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Rhizobium adhering proteins or 'Raps' are secreted proteins identified in a very restricted group of rhizobial strains, specifically those belonging to R. leguminosarum and R. etli. The distinctive feature of members of the Rap family is the presence of one or two cadherin-like domains or CHDLs that are also present in numerous extracellular bacterial and archaeal proteins and were proposed to confer carbohydrate binding ability. We have previously made an in-depth characterization of RapA2, a calcium-binding lectin, composed by two CHDLs, involved in biofilm matrix remodelling in R. leguminosarum bv. viciae 3841. In this study, CHDLs derived from RapA2 were analysed in detail, finding significant structural and functional differences despite their considerable sequence similarity. Only the carboxy-terminal CHDL retained properties similar to those displayed by RapA2. Our findings were used to obtain a novel fluorescent probe to study biofilm matrix development by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and also to shed some light on the role of the ubiquitous CHDL domains in bacterial secreted proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia L Abdian
- Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (IMyZA), G.V. al IABiMo, INTA-CONICET, Nicolás Repetto y de los Reseros s/n, 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Soledad Malori
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Julio J Caramelo
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Abi Maglio Checchi
- Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (IMyZA), G.V. al IABiMo, INTA-CONICET, Nicolás Repetto y de los Reseros s/n, 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniela M Russo
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Angeles Zorreguieta
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, IIBBA CONICET, Patricias Argentinas 435, 1405, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo F Berretta
- Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (IMyZA), G.V. al IABiMo, INTA-CONICET, Nicolás Repetto y de los Reseros s/n, 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela Benintende
- Instituto de Microbiología y Zoología Agrícola (IMyZA), G.V. al IABiMo, INTA-CONICET, Nicolás Repetto y de los Reseros s/n, 1686, Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Toushik SH, Roy A, Alam M, Rahman UH, Nath NK, Nahar S, Matubber B, Uddin MJ, Roy PK. Pernicious Attitude of Microbial Biofilms in Agri-Farm Industries: Acquisitions and Challenges of Existing Antibiofilm Approaches. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122348. [PMID: 36557600 PMCID: PMC9781080 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm is a complex matrix made up of extracellular polysaccharides, DNA, and proteins that protect bacteria against physical, chemical, and biological stresses and allow them to survive in harsh environments. Safe and healthy foods are mandatory for saving lives. However, foods can be contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms at any stage from farm to fork. The contaminated foods allow pathogenic microorganisms to form biofilms and convert the foods into stigmatized poison for consumers. Biofilm formation by pathogenic microorganisms in agri-farm industries is still poorly understood and intricate to control. In biofilms, pathogenic bacteria are dwelling in a complex manner and share their genetic and physicochemical properties making them resistant to common antimicrobial agents. Therefore, finding the appropriate antibiofilm approaches is necessary to inhibit and eradicate the mature biofilms from foods and food processing surfaces. Advanced studies have already established several emerging antibiofilm approaches including plant- and microbe-derived biological agents, and they proved their efficacy against a broad-spectrum of foodborne pathogens. This review investigates the pathogenic biofilm-associated problems in agri-farm industries, potential remedies, and finding the solution to overcome the current challenges of antibiofilm approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sazzad Hossen Toushik
- Institute for Smart Farm, Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Azampur, Dakkhinkhan, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Anamika Roy
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Azampur, Dakkhinkhan, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Mohaimanul Alam
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Azampur, Dakkhinkhan, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Umma Habiba Rahman
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Azampur, Dakkhinkhan, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Nikash Kanti Nath
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Azampur, Dakkhinkhan, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhasani Science and Technology University, Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Shamsun Nahar
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Azampur, Dakkhinkhan, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Bidyut Matubber
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Azampur, Dakkhinkhan, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Department of Microbiology and Public Health, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna 9100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Azampur, Dakkhinkhan, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Pantu Kumar Roy
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Azampur, Dakkhinkhan, Dhaka 1230, Bangladesh
- Institute of Marine Industry, Department of Seafood Science and Technology, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong 53064, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-4649-9816; Fax: +82-0504-449-9816
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chen X, Lee YJ, Yuan T, Lei Z, Adachi Y, Zhang Z, Lin Y, van Loosdrecht MCM. A review on recovery of extracellular biopolymers from flocculent and granular activated sludges: Cognition, key influencing factors, applications, and challenges. Bioresour Technol 2022; 363:127854. [PMID: 36067889 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A reasonable recovery of excess sludge may shift the waste into wealth. Recently an increasing attention has been paid to the recycling of extracellular biopolymers from conventional and advanced biological wastewater treatment systems such as flocculent activated sludge (AS), bacterial aerobic granular sludge (AGS), and algal-bacterial AGS processes. This review provides the first overview of current research developments and future directions in the recovery and utilization of high value-added biopolymers from the three types of sludge. It details the discussion on the recent evolvement of cognition or updated knowledge on functional extracellular biopolymers, as well as a comprehensive summary of the operating conditions and wastewater parameters influencing the yield, quality, and functionality of alginate-like exopolymer (ALE). In addition, recent attempts for potential practical applications of extracellular biopolymers are discussed, suggesting research priorities for overcoming identification challenges and future prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Chen
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Yu-Jen Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tian Yuan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhongfang Lei
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan.
| | - Yasuhisa Adachi
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Yuemei Lin
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yadav A, Rene ER, Sharma M, Jatain I, Mandal MK, Dubey KK. Valorization of wastewater to recover value-added products: A comprehensive insight and perspective on different technologies. Environ Res 2022; 214:113957. [PMID: 35932829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, due to rapid globalization and urbanization, the demand for fuels, energy, water and nutrients has been continuously increasing. To meet the future need of the society, wastewater is a prominent and emerging source for resource recovery. It provides an opportunity to recover valuable resources in the form of energy, fertilizers, electricity, nutrients and other products. The aim of this review is to elaborate the scientific literature on the valorization of wastewater using wide range of treatment technologies and reduce the existing knowledge gap in the field of resource recovery and water reuse. Several versatile, resilient environmental techniques/technologies such as ion exchange, bioelectrochemical, adsorption, electrodialysis, solvent extraction, etc. are employed for the extraction of value-added products from waste matrices. Since the last two decades, valuable resources such as polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), matrix or polymers, cellulosic fibers, syngas, biodiesel, electricity, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, enzymes and a wide range of platform chemicals have been recovered from wastewater. In this review, the aspects related to the persisting global water issues, the technologies used for the recovery of different products and/or by-products, economic sustainability of the technologies and the challenges encountered during the valorization of wastewater are discussed comprehensively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Yadav
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Manisha Sharma
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Indu Jatain
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Mrinal Kanti Mandal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Kashyap Kumar Dubey
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Qin Z, Zhao Z, Xia L, Ohore OE. Unraveling the ecological mechanisms of bacterial succession in epiphytic biofilms on Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata during bioremediation of phenanthrene and pyrene polluted wetland. J Environ Manage 2022; 321:115986. [PMID: 35998537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In wetland ecosystem, the microbial succession in epiphytic biofilms of submerged macrophytes remains to be fully elucidated, especially submerged macrophytes used to remediate organic pollutants contaminated sediment. Herein, 16 S rRNA gene sequencing was used to investigate the bacterial dynamics and ecological processes in the biofilms of two typical submerged macrophytes (Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillata) settled in sediment polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at two growth periods. The results presented that the variations of bacterial community in the biofilms were influenced by attached surfaces (explanation ratio: 17.30%), incubation time (32.30%) and environmental factors (39.10%). Bacterial community assembly was mainly driven by dispersal limitation which triggered more positive co-occurrence associations in microbial networks, maintaining ecological stability in the process of bioremediation of PAHs. Additionally, the functional redundancy strength of bacterial community was more affected by attached surface than incubation time. The structural equation model illustrated that community assembly drove β-diversity and explained a part of ecological functions. Environmental factors, community assembly, and β-diversity jointly affected microbial networks. Overall, our study offers new insights into the microbial ecology in biofilms attached on the submerged macrophytes settled in PAH-polluted sediment, providing important information for deeply understanding submerged macrophyte-biofilm complex and promoting sustainable phytoremediation in shallow lacustrine and marshy ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhirui Qin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Zhenhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lake of Ministry of Education, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Liling Xia
- Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Okugbe Ebiotubo Ohore
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China; Organization of African Academic Doctors, Off Kamiti Road P.O. Box 25305-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sun M, Xiao K, Zhu Y, Ou B, Yu W, Liang S, Hou H, Yuan S, Gan F, Mi R, Yang J. Deciphering the role of microplastic size on anaerobic sludge digestion: Changes of dissolved organic matter, leaching compounds and microbial community. Environ Res 2022; 214:114032. [PMID: 35952741 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here the role of microplastic size on dissolved organic matter, leaching compounds and microbial community during anaerobic sludge digestion was evaluated. Compared to that without the addition of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), during the 30 days' incubation, the anaerobic sludge digestion by adding PVC at the size of 75 μm and the concentration of 2.4 g/g volatile solids (VS) showed a 8.5% lower cumulative methane production, while a 17.9% higher cumulative methane production was noted by adding PVC at the size of 3000 μm and the concentration of 2.4 g/g VS. A long-term fed-batch laboratory-scale fermenter test for 147 days further testified, that higher removal efficiencies of total solids, volatile solids, and total chemical oxygen demand, and higher methane production were noted by adding PVC (2.4 g/g VS, 3000 μm) into the fermenter. More interestingly, higher concentrations of proteins, polysaccharides, volatile fatty acids, and soluble microbial by-products component were noted in the liquid phase of sludge drawn from the fermenter added with PVC since the biomass therein showed higher efficiencies of solubilization, hydrolysis, acidification, and methanogenesis. Moreover, as identified from the fermenter added with PVC, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was the most predominant leaching phthalates compound, although the biomass therein showed a 93.4% anaerobic biodegradability of DBP. The leaching of DBP drove the predominance of microbial community towards Synergistota and Methanosaeta. More irregular elliptical shallow dimples were noted on the PVC surface after 147 days' incubation, accompanied with abundances of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi, Methanosaeta and Methanobacterium. The results from this study showed that the size of microplastic was a crucial factor in evaluating its impact on anaerobic sludge digestion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Sun
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Keke Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
| | - Yuwei Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Bei Ou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Sha Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Huijie Hou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Shushan Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Fangmao Gan
- Yangtze Ecology and Environment Co. Ltd., 96 Xudong Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Rongxi Mi
- Yangtze Ecology and Environment Co. Ltd., 96 Xudong Street, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Jiakuan Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Saygin H, Baysal A. Interaction of nanoplastics with simulated biological fluids and their effect on the biofilm formation. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:80775-80786. [PMID: 35727518 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21468-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, it has become clear that the pollution by plastic debris presents global societal, environmental, and human health challenges. Moreover, humans are exposed to plastic particles in daily life and very limited information is available concerning human health, especially interactions with biological fluids. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the interaction of plastic particles with simulated biological fluids (e.g., artificial saliva, artificial lysosomal fluid, phagolysosomal simulant fluid, and Gamble's solution) using various exposure stages (2 h to 80 h) and the effect of plastic particles on the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms under simulated biological conditions. The plastic particles incubating various simulated biological fluids were characterized using surface functional groups, zeta potentials, and elemental composition. The results indicated that functional group indices (C-O, C = O, C-H, C = C, C-N, S = O, and OH) decreased compared to the control group during the incubation periods, except for the hydroxyl group index. The FTIR results showed that the hydroxyl group formed with the artificial lysosomal fluid, the phagolysosomal simulant fluid, and Gamble's solution. With the impact of the declining functional groups, the zeta potentials were more negative than in the control. Moreover, EDX results showed the release of the components in the particles with the interaction of simulated biological fluids as well as new components like P and Ca introduced to the particles. The biofilms were formed in the presence of nanoplastic particles under both controlled conditions and simulated biological conditions. The amount of biofilm formation was mainly affected by the surface characteristics under simulated biological conditions. In addition, the biofilm characteristics were influenced by the O/C and N/C ratios of the plastic particles with the impact of simulated biological fluids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Saygin
- Application and Research Center for Advanced Studies, T. C. Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Baysal
- Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, T. C. Istanbul Aydin University, Sefakoy Kucukcekmece, 34295, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kurniawan A, Ulfa SM, Chamidah C, Behera S. The Biosorption of Copper(II) Using a Natural Biofilm Formed on the Stones from the Metro River, Malang City, Indonesia. Int J Microbiol 2022; 2022:1-6. [PMID: 36204461 PMCID: PMC9532089 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9975333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm is the predominant habitat of microbes in aquatic ecosystems. Microhabitat inside the biofilm matrix is a nutrient-rich environment promoted by the adsorption of nutrient ions from the surrounding water. Biofilms can not only adsorb ions that are nutrients but also other ions, such as heavy metals. The ability of biofilm to attract and retain heavy metals, such as copper(II), makes biofilms a promising biosorbent for water pollution treatment. The present study analyzes the characteristics of copper(II) adsorption by biofilms naturally formed in the river. The biofilms used in this study grow naturally on the stones in the Metro River in Malang City, Indonesia. Methods to analyze the adsorption characteristics of copper(II) by biofilms were kinetics of the adsorption and adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption amount and the adsorption equilibrium constant were calculated using a variant of the Langmuir isotherm model. In addition, the presence of the functional groups as suggested binding sites in biofilm polymers was investigated using the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The results indicate that copper(II)’s adsorption to the biofilm is a physicochemical process. The adsorption of copper(II) is fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model, suggesting that the adsorption of copper(II) to a biofilm is due to the interaction between the adsorption sites on the biofilm and the ions. The biofilm’s maximum absorption capacity for copper(II) is calculated to be 2.14 mg/wet-g of biofilm, with the equilibrium rate constant at 0.05 L/mg. Therefore, the biofilms on the stones from river can be a promising biosorbent of copper(II) pollution in aquatic ecosystems.
Collapse
|
48
|
Kuschmierz L, Meyer M, Bräsen C, Wingender J, Schmitz OJ, Siebers B. Exopolysaccharide composition and size in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius biofilms. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:982745. [PMID: 36225367 PMCID: PMC9549778 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.982745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) comprise mainly carbohydrates, proteins and extracellular DNA (eDNA) in biofilms formed by the thermoacidophilic Crenarchaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. However, detailed information on the carbohydrates in the S. acidocaldarius biofilm EPS, i.e., the exopolysaccharides (PS), in terms of identity, composition and size were missing. In this study, a set of methods was developed and applied to study the PS in S. acidocaldarius biofilms. It was initially shown that addition of sugars, most significantly of glucose, to the basal N-Z-amine-based growth medium enhanced biofilm formation. For the generation of sufficient amounts of biomass suitable for chemical analyses, biofilm growth was established and optimized on the surface of membrane filters. EPS were isolated and the contents of carbohydrates, proteins and eDNA were determined. PS purification was achieved by enzymatic digestion of other EPS components (nucleic acids and proteins). After trifluoroacetic acid-mediated hydrolysis of the PS fraction, the monosaccharide composition was analyzed by reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS). Main sugar constituents detected were mannose, glucose and ribose, as well as minor proportions of rhamnose, N-acetylglucosamine, glucosamine and galactosamine. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) revealed the presence of one single PS fraction with a molecular mass of 4-9 × 104 Da. This study provides detailed information on the PS composition and size of S. acidocaldarius MW001 biofilms and methodological tools for future studies on PS biosynthesis and secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Kuschmierz
- Molecular Enzyme Technology and Biochemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Martin Meyer
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Teaching and Research Center for Separation, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christopher Bräsen
- Molecular Enzyme Technology and Biochemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jost Wingender
- Aquatic Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Oliver J. Schmitz
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Teaching and Research Center for Separation, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Oliver J. Schmitz,
| | - Bettina Siebers
- Molecular Enzyme Technology and Biochemistry, Environmental Microbiology and Biotechnology, Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Bettina Siebers,
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu Y, kaifa Z. Mental Writing and Mental Health and Cultural Identity in Doris Lessing’s Science Fiction. Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022; 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36065172 PMCID: PMC9440818 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2215829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most outstanding female writers in post-war Britain, Doris Lessing, winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature, has a strong spirit of the times in her works. In order to further understand the characteristics and spirit of the times in Doris Lessing’s novels, Doris Lessing’s science fiction is taken as the research object in this study, through in-depth research on novel storytelling, philosophical psychology, thematic forms, etc., from the perspective of emotional psychology model, to deeply analyze the characteristics of psychological writing, mental health, and cultural identity in their science fiction. Doris Lessing’s science fiction reflects the political, cultural, and historical background of the times, and on this basis, it reflects humanitarian concerns through characters’ psychological writing and cultural identity. It is shown in the results of the study.
Collapse
|
50
|
Liu W, Worms IAM, Jakšić Ž, Slaveykova VI. Aquatic organisms modulate the bioreactivity of engineered nanoparticles: focus on biomolecular corona. Front Toxicol 2022; 4:933186. [PMID: 36060121 PMCID: PMC9437328 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.933186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased use of nanoparticle (NP)-enabled materials in everyday-life products have raised concerns about their environmental implications and safety. This motivated the extensive research in nanoecotoxicology showing the possibility that NPs could cause harm to the aquatic organisms if present at high concentrations. By contrast, studies dealing with influence that organisms could exert on the fate and thus effects of NPs are still very rare. Drawing on the existing up-to-date knowledge we critically discuss the formation of biomolecular corona as one of the mechanisms by which organisms exerted control on the NPs fate in the aquatic and biotic environments. We focused the formation of corona by exogeneous and endogenous biomolecules and illustrated the discussion with the specific example of phytoplankton and aquatic invertebrate species. We highlighted the necessity to incorporate the concept of biomolecular corona within more general framework considering the feedback of aquatic organisms and the control they exert in shaping the fate and impact of NPs in the aquatic and biological environment. In our view such broader perspective will contribute to get novel insights into the drivers of environmental transformations of NPs and their mechanisms, which are important in environmental risk assessment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Sciences, Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle A. M. Worms
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Sciences, Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Željko Jakšić
- Center for Marine Research Rovinj, Institute Ruđer Bošković, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Vera I. Slaveykova
- Department F.-A. Forel for Environmental and Aquatic Sciences, Environmental Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Faculty of Sciences, Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Geneva, Uni Carl Vogt, Geneva, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Vera I. Slaveykova,
| |
Collapse
|