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Dong E, Huo Q, Zhang J, Han H, Cai T, Liu D. Advancements in nanoscale delivery systems: optimizing intermolecular interactions for superior drug encapsulation and precision release. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01579-w. [PMID: 38573495 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01579-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Nanoscale preparations, such as nanoparticles, micelles, and liposomes, are increasingly recognized in pharmaceutical technology for their high capability in tailoring the pharmacokinetics of the encapsulated drug within the body. These preparations have great potential in extending drug half-life, reducing dosing frequency, mitigating drug side effects, and enhancing drug efficacy. Consequently, nanoscale preparations offer promising prospects for the treatment of metabolic disorders, malignant tumors, and various chronic diseases. Nevertheless, the complete clinical potential of nanoscale preparations remains untapped due to the challenges associated with low drug loading degrees and insufficient control over drug release. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the vital role of intermolecular interactions in enhancing encapsulation and controlling drug release within nanoscale delivery systems. Our analysis critically evaluates the characteristics of common intermolecular interactions and elucidates the techniques employed to assess them. Moreover, we highlight the significant potential of intermolecular interactions in clinical translation, particularly in the screening and optimization of preparation prescriptions. By attaining a deeper understanding of intermolecular interaction properties and mechanisms, we can adopt a more rational approach to designing drug carriers, leading to substantial advancements in the application and clinical transformation of nanoscale preparations. Moving forward, continued research in this field offers exciting prospects for unlocking the full clinical potential of nanoscale preparations and revolutionizing the field of drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enpeng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qingqing Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hanghang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ting Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Dongfei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutical Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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2
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Brezani V, Blondeau N, Kotouček J, Klásková E, Šmejkal K, Hošek J, Mašková E, Kulich P, Prachyawarakorn V, Heurteaux C, Mašek J. Enhancing Solubility and Bioefficacy of Stilbenes by Liposomal Encapsulation-The Case of Macasiamenene F. ACS Omega 2024; 9:9027-9039. [PMID: 38434860 PMCID: PMC10905713 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Stilbenes in food and medicinal plants have been described as potent antiphlogistic and antioxidant compounds, and therefore, they present an interesting potential for the development of dietary supplements. Among them, macasiamenene F (MF) has recently been shown to be an effective anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective agent that dampens peripheral and CNS inflammation in vitro. Nevertheless, this promising molecule, like other stilbenes and a large percentage of drugs under development, faces poor water solubility, which results in trickier in vivo administration and low bioavailability. With the aim of improving MF solubility and developing a form optimized for in vivo administration, eight types of conventional liposomal nanocarriers and one type of PEGylated liposomes were formulated and characterized. In order to select the appropriate form of MF encapsulation, the safety of MF liposomal formulations was evaluated on THP-1 and THP-1-XBlue-MD2-CD14 monocytes, BV-2 microglia, and primary cortical neurons in culture. Furthermore, the cellular uptake of liposomes and the effect of encapsulation on MF anti-inflammatory effectiveness were evaluated on THP-1-XBlue-MD2-CD14 monocytes and BV-2 microglia. MF (5 mol %) encapsulated in PEGylated liposomes with an average size of 160 nm and polydispersity index of 0.122 was stable, safe, and the most promising form of MF encapsulation keeping its cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Brezani
- Department
of Molecular Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackého tř. 1946/1, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary
Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, CZ-621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- IPMC,
UMR 7275, Université Côte
d’Azur, CNRS, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia Antipolis, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Nicolas Blondeau
- IPMC,
UMR 7275, Université Côte
d’Azur, CNRS, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia Antipolis, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Jan Kotouček
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary
Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, CZ-621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Klásková
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary
Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, CZ-621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk
University, Kamenice
753/5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Šmejkal
- Department
of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk
University, Palackého
tř. 1946/1, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hošek
- Department
of Molecular Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, Palackého tř. 1946/1, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary
Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, CZ-621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eliška Mašková
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary
Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, CZ-621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kulich
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary
Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, CZ-621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Catherine Heurteaux
- IPMC,
UMR 7275, Université Côte
d’Azur, CNRS, 660 Route des Lucioles, Sophia Antipolis, F-06560 Valbonne, France
| | - Josef Mašek
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary
Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, CZ-621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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3
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Kumar H, Chand P, Pachal S, Mallick S, Jain R, Madhunapantula SV, Jain V. Fisetin-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Formulation and Evaluations against Advanced and Metastatic Melanoma. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:6035-6055. [PMID: 37906601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Fisetin (Fis), a natural flavonoid with anticancer effects, suffers from delivery constraints. Fisetin-nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were developed for better efficacy against metastatic melanoma, employing the design of experiment (DoE) approach. The optimized NLCs depict a particle diameter of 135.0 ± 5.5 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.176 ± 0.035, and an entrapment efficiency of 78.16 ± 1.58%. The formulation was stable over a period of 60 days and demonstrated sustained release of the drug (74.79 ± 3.75%) over 96 h. Fis-NLCs depicted at least ∼3.2 times lower IC50 value and ∼1.8 times higher drug uptake at 48 h in A-375 and B16F10 cells compared to that of Fis. It also inhibited the mobility of melanoma cells and induced cell cycle arrest at the G1/S phase. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot results show enhanced expression of Nrf2/NQO1 genes and an apoptotic effect by the upregulation of BAX mRNA expression. The protein levels of BAX and p53 were ∼2-fold higher compared with that of pure Fis. In-vivo studies demonstrated 5.9- and 10.7-fold higher inhibition in melanoma-associated metastasis in the lungs and liver, respectively. The outcomes from this study demonstrated Fis-NLCs as an effective tool against melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitesh Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Pallavi Chand
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Shantanu Pachal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Sahid Mallick
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Rupshee Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - SubbaRao V Madhunapantula
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology & Regenerative Medicine, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India
| | - Vikas Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, India
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Johannesson J, Pathare MM, Johansson M, Bergström CAS, Teleki A. Synergistic stabilization of emulsion gel by nanoparticles and surfactant enables 3D printing of lipid-rich solid oral dosage forms. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:1253-1264. [PMID: 37478742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical formulation of oral dosage forms is continuously challenged by the low solubility of new drug candidates. Pickering emulsions, emulsions stabilized with solid particles, are a promising alternative to surfactants for developing long-term stable emulsions that can be tailored for controlled release of lipophilic drugs. In this work, a non-emulsifying lipid-based formulation (LBF) loaded with fenofibrate was formulated into an oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion synergistically stabilized by stearic acid and silica (SiO2) nanoparticles. The emulsion had a droplet size of 341 nm with SiO2 particles partially covering the oil-water interface. In vitro lipid digestion was faster for the emulsion compared to the corresponding LBF due to the larger total surface area available for digestion. Cellulose biopolymers were added to the emulsion to produce a gel for semi-solid extrusion (SSE) 3D printing into tablets. The emulsion gel showed suitable rheological attributes for SSE, with a trend of higher viscosity, yield stress, and storage modulus (G'), compared to a conventional self-emulsifying lipid-based emulsion gel. The developed emulsion gel allows for a non-emulsifying LBF to be transformed into solid dosage forms for rapid lipid digestion and drug release of a poorly water-soluble drug in the small intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Johannesson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Malhar Manik Pathare
- Department of Pharmacy, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Johansson
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Alexandra Teleki
- Department of Pharmacy, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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5
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Johannesson J, Wu M, Johansson M, Bergström CAS. Quality attributes for printable emulsion gels and 3D-printed tablets: Towards production of personalized dosage forms. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123413. [PMID: 37726040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
3D-printing technology offers a flexible manufacturing platform with the potential to address the need of personalized dosage forms. However, quality aspects of such small-scale, on-demand production of pharmaceutical products intended for personalization is still limited. The aim of this study was therefore to study critical quality control attributes of lipid tablets produced by semi-solid extrusion (SSE) 3D printing from emulsion gels incorporating a poorly water-soluble drug. Quality attributes for both the printable emulsion gel and the printed dosage forms were assessed. The emulsion gel was shown to be printable with accurate dosing for at least one month of storage at 4 °C. Tablets were 3D printed in different sizes and a correlation, R2 value of 0.99, was found between the weight and the drug content. The 3D-printed tablets complied with the mass and drug content uniformity requirements described in the European Pharmacopoeia.. Solid-state characterization of the tablets during short-term storage revealed no signs of crystallinity of the drug. Lastly, the lipid digestion and drug release were unchanged after short-term storage of the tablets. This study demonstrates the potential of SSE 3D printing for personalized dosing of a lipid-based formulation strategy and discusses central quality attributes for the printable formulation and the 3D-printed dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Johannesson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, SE 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mingjun Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, SE 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mathias Johansson
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), SE 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
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Varadharajan A, Sinha S, Xu A, Daniel A, Kim K, Shanmugam N, Wu E, Yang C, Zhang M, Acree WE. Development of Abraham Model Correlations for Describing Solute Transfer into Transcutol Based on Molar Solubility Ratios for Pharmaceutical and Other Organic Compounds. J SOLUTION CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-022-01215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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7
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Jacobsen AC, Kabedev A, Sinko PD, Palm JE, Bergström CAS, Teleki A. Intrinsic lipolysis rate for systematic design of lipid-based formulations. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022. [PMID: 36209313 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based formulations (LBFs) are used by the pharmaceutical industry in oral delivery systems for both poorly water-soluble drugs and biologics. Digestibility is key for the performance of LBFs and in vitro lipolysis is commonly used to compare the digestibility of LBFs. Results from in vitro lipolysis experiments depend highly on the experimental conditions and formulation characteristics, such as droplet size (which defines the surface area available for digestion) and interfacial structure. This study introduced the intrinsic lipolysis rate (ILR) as a surface area-independent approach to compare lipid digestibility. Pure acylglycerol nanoemulsions, stabilized with polysorbate 80 at low concentration, were formulated and digested according to a standardized pH-stat lipolysis protocol. A methodology originally developed to calculate the intrinsic dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs was adapted for the rapid calculation of ILR from lipolysis data. The impact of surfactant concentration on the apparent lipolysis rate and lipid structure on ILR was systematically investigated. The surfactant polysorbate 80 inhibited lipolysis of tricaprylin nanoemulsions in a concentration-dependent manner. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations supported these experimental observations. In the absence of bile and phospholipids, tricaprylin was shielded from lipase at 0.25% polysorbate 80. In contrast, the inclusion of bile salt and phospholipid increased the surfactant-free area and improved the colloidal presentation of the lipids to the enzyme, especially at 0.125% polysorbate 80. At a constant and low surfactant content, acylglycerol digestibility increased with decreasing acyl chain length, decreased esterification, and increasing unsaturation. The calculated ILR of pure acylglycerols was successfully used to accurately predict the IRL of binary lipid mixtures. The ILR measurements hold great promise as an efficient method supporting pharmaceutical formulation scientists in the design of LBFs with specific digestion profiles.
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8
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Timur B, Usta DY, Teksin ZS. Investigation of the effect of colloidal structures formed during lipolysis of lipid-based formulation on exemestane permeability using the in vitro lipolysis-permeation model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Aung WT, Boonkanokwong V. Preparation, optimization using a mixture design, and characterization of a novel astaxanthin-loaded rice bran oil self-microemulsifying delivery system formulation. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2021.2016436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wai Thet Aung
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Veerakiet Boonkanokwong
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Wyttenbach N, Niederquell A, Ectors P, Kuentz M. Study and Computational Modeling of Fatty Acid Effects on Drug Solubility in Lipid-Based Systems. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:1728-1738. [PMID: 34863971 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based systems have many advantages in formulation of poorly water-soluble drugs but issues of a limited solvent capacity are often encountered in development. One of the possible solubilization approaches of especially basic drugs could be the addition of fatty acids to oils but currently, a systematic study is lacking. Therefore, the present work investigated apparently neutral and basic drugs in medium chain triglycerides (MCT) alone and with added either caproic acid (C6), caprylic acid (C8), capric acid (C10) or oleic acid (C18:1) at different levels (5 - 20%, w/w). A miniaturized solubility assay was used together with X-ray diffraction to analyze the residual solid and finally, solubility data were modeled using the conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS). Some drug bases had an MCT solubility of only a few mg/ml or less but addition of fatty acids provided in some formulations exceptional drug loading of up to about 20% (w/w). The solubility changes were in general more pronounced the shorter the chain length was and the longest oleic acid even displayed a negative effect in mixtures of celecoxib and fenofibrate. The COSMO-RS prediction accuracy was highly specific for the given compounds with root mean square errors (RMSE) ranging from an excellent 0.07 to a highest value of 1.12. The latter was obtained with the strongest model base pimozide for which a new solid form was found in some samples. In conclusion, targeting specific molecular interactions with the solute combined with mechanistic modeling provides new tools to advance lipid-based drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Wyttenbach
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharmaceutical Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Grenzacherstr. 124, CH- 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Niederquell
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwest. Switzerland, Institute of Pharma Technology Hofackerstr. 30, CH- 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Ectors
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Pharma Technical Development, Grenzacherstr. 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kuentz
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwest. Switzerland, Institute of Pharma Technology Hofackerstr. 30, CH- 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.
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Gao H, Jia H, Dong J, Yang X, Li H, Ouyang D. Integrated in silico formulation design of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:3585-3594. [PMID: 34900538 PMCID: PMC8642610 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The drug formulation design of self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) often requires numerous experiments, which are time- and money-consuming. This research aimed to rationally design the SEDDS formulation by the integrated computational and experimental approaches. 4495 SEDDS formulation datasets were collected to predict the pseudo-ternary phase diagram by the machine learning methods. Random forest (RF) showed the best prediction performance with 91.3% for accuracy, 92.0% for sensitivity and 90.7% for specificity in 5-fold cross-validation. The pseudo-ternary phase diagrams of meloxicam SEDDS were experimentally developed to validate the RF prediction model and achieved an excellent prediction accuracy (89.51%). The central composite design (CCD) was used to screen the best ratio of oil-surfactant-cosurfactant. Finally, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was used to investigate the molecular interaction between excipients and drugs, which revealed the diffusion behavior in water and the role of cosurfactants. In conclusion, this research combined machine learning, central composite design, molecular modeling and experimental approaches for rational SEDDS formulation design. The integrated computer methodology can decrease traditional drug formulation design works and bring new ideas for future drug formulation design.
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Nazlı H, Mesut B, Özsoy Y. In Vitro Evaluation of a Solid Supersaturated Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (Super-SNEDDS) of Aprepitant for Enhanced Solubility. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111089. [PMID: 34832871 PMCID: PMC8621193 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aprepitant (APR) belongs to Class II of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) because of its low aqueous solubility. The objective of the current work is to develop self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) of APR to enhance its aqueous solubility. Preformulation studies involving screening of excipients for solubility and emulsification efficiency were carried out. Pseudo ternary phase diagrams were constructed with blends of oil (Imwitor® 988), cosolvent (Transcutol® P), and various surfactants (Kolliphor® RH40, Kolliphor® ELP, Kolliphor® HS15). The prepared SNEDDS were characterized for droplet size and nanoemulsion stability after dilution. Supersaturated SNEDDS (super-SNEDDS) were prepared to increase the quantity of loaded APR into the formulations. HPMC, PVP, PVP/VA, and Soluplus® were used as polymeric precipitation inhibitors (PPI). PPIs were added to the formulations at 5% and 10% by weight. The influence of the PPIs on drug precipitation was investigated. In vitro lipolysis test was carried out to simulate digestion of formulations in the gastrointestinal tract. Optimized super-SNEDDS were formulated into free-flowing granules by adsorption on the porous carriers such as Neusilin® US2. In vitro dissolution studies of solid super-SNEDDS formulation revealed an increased dissolution rate of the drug due to enhanced solubility. Consequently, a formulation to improve the solubility and potentially bioavailability of the drug was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Nazlı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Trakya University, Edirne 22030, Turkey;
| | - Burcu Mesut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey;
| | - Yıldız Özsoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul 34116, Turkey;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-0212-440-00-00-13498
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El-Hawari L, Bunjes H. Premix Membrane Emulsification: Preparation and Stability of Medium-Chain Triglyceride Emulsions with Droplet Sizes below 100 nm. Molecules 2021; 26:6029. [PMID: 34641572 PMCID: PMC8512003 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Premix membrane emulsification is a promising method for the production of colloidal oil-in-water emulsions as drug carrier systems for intravenous administration. The present study investigated the possibility of preparing medium-chain triglyceride emulsions with a mean particle size below 100 nm and a narrow particle size distribution using sucrose laurate as an emulsifier. To manufacture the emulsions, a coarse pre-emulsion was repeatedly extruded through alumina membranes (Anodisc™) of 200 nm, 100 nm and 20 nm nominal pore size. When Anodisc™ membranes with 20 nm pore size were employed, nanoemulsions with z-average diameters of about 50 nm to 90 nm and polydispersity indices smaller than 0.08 could be obtained. Particle growth due to Ostwald ripening was observed over 18 weeks of storage. The Ostwald ripening rate linearly depended on the emulsifier concentration and the concentration of free emulsifier, indicating that micelles in the aqueous phase accelerated the Ostwald ripening process. Long-term stability of the nanoemulsions could be achieved by using a minimised emulsifier concentration or by osmotic stabilisation with soybean oil added in a mass ratio of 1:1 to the lipid phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara El-Hawari
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie und Biopharmazie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
- Zentrum für Pharmaverfahrenstechnik (PVZ), Franz-Liszt-Straße 35a, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Heike Bunjes
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie und Biopharmazie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
- Zentrum für Pharmaverfahrenstechnik (PVZ), Franz-Liszt-Straße 35a, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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14
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Bennett-Lenane H, O'Shea JP, Murray JD, Ilie AR, Holm R, Kuentz M, Griffin BT. Artificial Neural Networks to Predict the Apparent Degree of Supersaturation in Supersaturated Lipid-Based Formulations: A Pilot Study. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1398. [PMID: 34575483 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to the increasing application of machine learning (ML) across many facets of pharmaceutical development, this pilot study investigated if ML, using artificial neural networks (ANNs), could predict the apparent degree of supersaturation (aDS) from two supersaturated LBFs (sLBFs). Accuracy was compared to partial least squares (PLS) regression models. Equilibrium solubility in Capmul MCM and Maisine CC was obtained for 21 poorly water-soluble drugs at ambient temperature and 60 °C to calculate the aDS ratio. These aDS ratios and drug descriptors were used to train the ML models. When compared, the ANNs outperformed PLS for both sLBFCapmulMC (r2 0.90 vs. 0.56) and sLBFMaisineLC (r2 0.83 vs. 0.62), displaying smaller root mean square errors (RMSEs) and residuals upon training and testing. Across all the models, the descriptors involving reactivity and electron density were most important for prediction. This pilot study showed that ML can be employed to predict the propensity for supersaturation in LBFs, but even larger datasets need to be evaluated to draw final conclusions.
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15
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Hedge O, Höök F, Joyce P, Bergström CAS. Investigation of Self-Emulsifying Drug-Delivery System Interaction with a Biomimetic Membrane under Conditions Relevant to the Small Intestine. Langmuir 2021; 37:10200-10213. [PMID: 34379976 PMCID: PMC8388123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Self-emulsifying drug-delivery systems (SEDDS) have been extensively shown to increase oral absorption of solvation-limited compounds. However, there has been little clinical and commercial use of these formulations, in large part because the demonstrated advantages of SEDDS have been outweighed by our inability to precisely predict drug absorption from SEDDS using current in vitro assays. To overcome this limitation and increase the biological relevancy of in vitro assays, an absorption function can be incorporated using biomimetic membranes. However, the effects that SEDDS have on the integrity of a biomimetic membrane are not known. In this study, a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy were employed as complementary methods to in vitro lipolysis-permeation assays to characterize the interaction of various actively digested SEDDS with a liquescent artificial membrane comprising lecithin in dodecane (LiDo). Observations from surface analysis showed that interactions between the digesting SEDDS and LiDo membrane coincided with inflection points in the digestion profiles. Importantly, no indications of membrane damage could be observed, which was supported by flux profiles of the lipophilic model drug felodipine (FEL) and impermeable marker Lucifer yellow on the basal side of the membrane. There was a correlation between the digestion kinetics of the SEDDS and the flux of FEL, but no clear correlation between solubilization and absorption profiles. Membrane interactions were dependent on the composition of lipids within each SEDDS, with the more digestible lipids leading to more pronounced interactions, but in all cases, the integrity of the membrane was maintained. These insights demonstrate that LiDo membranes are compatible with in vitro lipolysis assays for improving predictions of drug absorption from lipid-based formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver
J. Hedge
- Department
of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Division
of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers Technical University, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paul Joyce
- Division
of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers Technical University, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- UniSA
Clinical & Health Sciences, University
of South Australia, 5090 Adelaide, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, University of South Australia, 5090 Adelaide, Australia
| | - Christel A. S. Bergström
- Department
of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
- The
Swedish Drug Delivery Center, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, 751
23 Uppsala, Sweden
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16
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Abbasi S, Higashino H, Sato Y, Minami K, Kataoka M, Yamashita S, Harashima H. Maximizing the Oral Bioavailability of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs Using Novel Oil-Like Materials in Lipid-Based Formulations. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:3281-3289. [PMID: 34351769 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based formulations, such as self-microemulsifying drug-delivery systems (SMEDDSs), are promising tools for the oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. However, failure to maintain adequate aqueous solubility after coming into contact with gastrointestinal fluids is a major drawback. In this study, we examined the use of a novel cinnamic acid-derived oil-like material (CAOM) that binds drugs with a high affinity through π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions, as an oil core in a SMEDDS for the oral delivery of fenofibrate in rats. The use of the CAOM in the SMEDDS resulted in an unprecedented enhancement in fenofibrate bioavailability, which exceeded the bioavailability values obtained using SMEDDSs based on corn oil, a conventional triglyceride oil, or Labrasol, an enhancer of intestinal permeation. Further characterization revealed that the CAOM SMEDDS does not alter the intestinal permeability and has no inhibitory activity on P-glycoprotein-mediated drug efflux. The results reported herein demonstrate the strong potential of CAOM formulations as new solubilizers for the efficient and safe oral delivery of drugs that have limited water solubility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saed Abbasi
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine, Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, 3-25-14 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Haruki Higashino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060 0812, Japan
| | - Keiko Minami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Makoto Kataoka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Shinji Yamashita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060 0812, Japan
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17
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Jain A, Kamble R, Patil S. Electrospray technology as a probe for single step fabrication of glipizide loaded nanocochleates with enhanced bioavailability. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2021.1951286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - Ravindra Kamble
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
| | - Sharvil Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune, India
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18
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Manzari MT, Shamay Y, Kiguchi H, Rosen N, Scaltriti M, Heller DA. Targeted drug delivery strategies for precision medicines. Nat Rev Mater 2021; 6:351-370. [PMID: 34950512 PMCID: PMC8691416 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-020-00269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Progress in the field of precision medicine has changed the landscape of cancer therapy. Precision medicine is propelled by technologies that enable molecular profiling, genomic analysis, and optimized drug design to tailor treatments for individual patients. Although precision medicines have resulted in some clinical successes, the use of many potential therapeutics has been hindered by pharmacological issues, including toxicities and drug resistance. Drug delivery materials and approaches have now advanced to a point where they can enable the modulation of a drug's pharmacological parameters without compromising the desired effect on molecular targets. Specifically, they can modulate a drug's pharmacokinetics, stability, absorption, and exposure to tumours and healthy tissues, and facilitate the administration of synergistic drug combinations. This Review highlights recent progress in precision therapeutics and drug delivery, and identifies opportunities for strategies to improve the therapeutic index of cancer drugs, and consequently, clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandana T. Manzari
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Yosi Shamay
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Hiroto Kiguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Oncology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- These authors have contributed equally to this work
| | - Neal Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maurizio Scaltriti
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel A. Heller
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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Abstract
In this study, the general processability of cannabidiol (CBD) in colloidal lipid carriers was investigated. Due to its many pharmacological effects, the pharmaceutical use of this poorly water-soluble drug is currently under intensive research and colloidal lipid emulsions are a well-established formulation option for such lipophilic substances. To obtain a better understanding of the formulability of CBD in lipid emulsions, different aspects of CBD loading and its interaction with the emulsion droplets were investigated. Very high drug loads (>40% related to lipid content) could be achieved in emulsions of medium chain triglycerides, rapeseed oil, soybean oil and trimyristin. The maximum CBD load depended on the type of lipid matrix. CBD loading increased the particle size and the density of the lipid matrix. The loading capacity of a trimyristin emulsion for CBD was superior to that of a suspension of solid lipid nanoparticles based on trimyristin (69% vs. 30% related to the lipid matrix). In addition to its localization within the lipid core of the emulsion droplets, cannabidiol was associated with the droplet interface to a remarkable extent. According to a stress test, CBD destabilized the emulsions, with phospholipid-stabilized emulsions being more stable than poloxamer-stabilized ones. Furthermore, it was possible to produce emulsions with pure CBD as the dispersed phase, since CBD demonstrated such a pronounced supercooling tendency that it did not recrystallize, even if cooled to -60 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Monika Francke
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
| | - Frederic Schneider
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (F.S.); (K.B.)
| | - Knut Baumann
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Beethovenstraße 55, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (F.S.); (K.B.)
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35a, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Heike Bunjes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany;
- Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Franz-Liszt-Straße 35a, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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20
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Francke NM, Bunjes H. Drug localization and its effect on the physical stability of poloxamer 188-stabilized colloidal lipid emulsions. Int J Pharm 2021; 599:120394. [PMID: 33675931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal lipid emulsions are a promising formulation option for poorly water-soluble drugs. Due to their complex composition, they provide different sites for the localization of drugs. Drug molecules can be situated in the lipid matrix, in the aqueous phase with its structures formed by an excess of emulsifier or at the droplet interface. The interface and the mechanism of stabilization is mainly characterized by the emulsifier. In this study, the main focus was on the influence of drug localization on the stability of emulsions sterically stabilized with poloxamer188. In addition to 5% of this non-ionic emulsifier, the emulsions contained 10% soybean oil. The localization of the drugs fenofibrate, curcumin, betamethasone valerate, cinnarizine, dibucaine and flufenamic acid within the emulsion system at a physiological pH of 7.4 as well as their influence on emulsion stability were examined. The results indicated that the stability of poloxamer 188-stabilized emulsions can be influenced in a positive or negative way by the localization of drug molecules in the interface of emulsion droplets. Applying cinnarizine as model substance at pH 5, 7.4 and 10, no pronounced change in the localization was detected as a result of alterations in the charge of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine M Francke
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie und Biopharmazie, Mendelssohnstraße 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Heike Bunjes
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Pharmazeutische Technologie und Biopharmazie, Mendelssohnstraße 1, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; Zentrum für Pharmaverfahrenstechnik (PVZ), Franz-Liszt-Straße 35A, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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21
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Johannesson J, Khan J, Hubert M, Teleki A, Bergström CA. 3D-printing of solid lipid tablets from emulsion gels. Int J Pharm 2021; 597:120304. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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22
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Brinkmann J, Becker I, Kroll P, Luebbert C, Sadowski G. Predicting the API partitioning between lipid-based drug delivery systems and water. Int J Pharm 2021; 595:120266. [PMID: 33486017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Partitioning tests in water are early-stage standard experiments during the development of pharmaceutical formulations, e.g. of lipid-based drug delivery system (LBDDS). The partitioning behavior of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) between the fatty phase and the aqueous phase is a key property, which is supposed to be determined by those tests. In this work, we investigated the API partitioning between LBDDS and water by in-silico predictions applying the Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT) and validated these predictions experimentally. The API partitioning was investigated for LBDDS comprising up to four components (cinnarizine or ibuprofen with tricaprylin, caprylic acid, and ethanol). The influence of LBDDS/water mixing ratios from 1/1 up to 1/200 (w/w) as well as the influence of excipients on the API partitioning was studied. Moreover, possible API crystallization upon mixing the LBDDS with water was predicted. This work showed that PC-SAFT is a strong tool for predicting the API partitioning behavior during in-vitro tests. Thus, it allows rapidly assessing whether or not a specific LBDDS might be a promising candidate for further in-vitro tests and identifying the API load up to which API crystallization can be avoided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Brinkmann
- TU Dortmund University, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Isabel Becker
- TU Dortmund University, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Peter Kroll
- TU Dortmund University, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Luebbert
- TU Dortmund University, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gabriele Sadowski
- TU Dortmund University, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
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23
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Dolton MJ, Chiang PC, Chen Y. Mechanistic Oral Absorption Modeling of Halofantrine: Exploring the Role of Intestinal Lymphatic Transport. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:1427-1430. [PMID: 33359312 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Absorption via the intestinal lymphatic system is known to be important for some highly lipophilic compounds, and can be associated with unique pharmacokinetic properties due to evasion of hepatic first-pass metabolism. This work aimed to develop a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model incorporating the role of lymphatic transport in a physiologically-based, mechanistic oral absorption model, using halofantrine as a model compound. Simcyp V19 was used for model development; oral absorption was characterized using the multi-layer gut wall (M-ADAM) model, and the model was constructed and verified using parameters derived from in vitro experiments and clinical PK data. The final model appeared to adequately capture halofantrine pharmacokinetics in the fasted state and the magnitude of the effect of food on halofantrine total exposure; the effect of food on peak exposure was slightly underpredicted, which may be due to transient post-prandial changes in protein binding. The model simulated halofantrine fraction absorbed (fa) via the lymph in the fed state was 0.26, representing 62% of the increase in fa in the fed state over fasting. This work demonstrates that a PBPK modeling approach can be used to mechanistically describe oral absorption incorporating intestinal lymphatic transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Dolton
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech Inc, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
| | - Po-Chang Chiang
- Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Sciences, Genentech Inc, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Yuan Chen
- Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Genentech Inc, 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
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24
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Abstract
PURPOSE This work proposes an in-silico screening method for identifying promising formulation candidates in complex lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDS). METHOD The approach is based on a minimum amount of experimental data for API solubilites in single excipients. Intermolecular interactions between APIs and excipients as well as between different excipients were accounted for by the Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory. The approach was applied to the in-silico screening of lipid-based formulations for ten model APIs (fenofibrate, ibuprofen, praziquantel, carbamazepine, cinnarizine, felodipine, naproxen, indomethacin, griseofulvin and glibenclamide) in mixtures of up to three out of nine excipients (tricaprylin, Capmul MCM, caprylic acid, Capryol™ 90, Lauroglycol™ FCC, Kolliphor TPGS, polyethylene glycol, carbitol and ethanol). RESULTS For eight out of the ten investigated model APIs, the solubilities in the final formulations could be enhanced by up to 100 times compared to the solubility in pure tricaprylin. Fenofibrate, ibuprofen, praziquantel, carbamazepine are recommended as type I formulations, whereas cinnarizine and felodipine showed a distinctive solubility gain in type II formulations. Increased solubility was found for naproxen and indomethacin in type IIIb and type IV formulations. The solubility of griseofulvin and glibenclamide could be slightly enhanced in type IIIb formulations. The experimental validation agreed very well with the screening results. CONCLUSION The API solubility individually depends on the choice of excipients. The proposed in-silico-screening approach allows formulators to quickly determine most-appropriate types of lipid-based formulations for a given API with low experimental effort. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Brinkmann
- TU Dortmund University, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Lara Exner
- TU Dortmund University, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Luebbert
- TU Dortmund University, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gabriele Sadowski
- TU Dortmund University, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227, Dortmund, Germany.
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25
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Kabedev A, Hossain S, Hubert M, Larsson P, Bergström CAS. Molecular Dynamics Simulations Reveal Membrane Interactions for Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs: Impact of Bile Solubilization and Drug Aggregation. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:176-185. [PMID: 33152373 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Molecular transport mechanisms of poorly soluble hydrophobic drug compounds to lipid membranes were investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The model compound danazol was used to investigate the mechanism(s) by which bile micelles delivered it to the membrane. The interactions between lipid membrane and pure drug aggregates-in the form of amorphous aggregates and nanocrystals-were also studied. Our simulations indicate that bile micelles formed in the intestinal fluid may facilitate danazol incorporation into cellular membranes through two different mechanisms. The micelle may be acting as: i) a shuttle that presents the danazol directly to the membrane or ii) an elevator that moves the solubilized danazol with it as the colloidal structure itself becomes incorporated and solubilized within the membrane. The elevator hypothesis was supported by complementary lipid monolayer adsorption experiments. In these experiments, colloidal structures formed with simulated intestinal fluid were observed to rapidly incorporate into the monolayer. Simulations of membrane interaction with drug aggregates showed that both the amorphous aggregates and crystalline nanostructures incorporated into the membrane. However, the amorphous aggregates solubilized more quickly than the nanocrystals into the membrane, thereby improving the danazol absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksei Kabedev
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shakhawath Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Madlen Hubert
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Larsson
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; The Swedish Drug Delivery Center (SweDeliver), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Christel A S Bergström
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; The Swedish Drug Delivery Center (SweDeliver), Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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26
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Bennett-Lenane H, Koehl NJ, O'Dwyer PJ, Box KJ, O'Shea JP, Griffin BT. Applying Computational Predictions of Biorelevant Solubility Ratio Upon Self-Emulsifying Lipid-Based Formulations Dispersion to Predict Dose Number. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:164-175. [PMID: 33144233 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.10.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Computational approaches are increasingly utilised in development of bio-enabling formulations, including self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS), facilitating early indicators of success. This study investigated if in silico predictions of drug solubility gain i.e. solubility ratios (SR), after dispersion of a SEDDS in biorelevant media could be predicted from drug properties. Apparent solubility upon dispersion of two SEDDS in FaSSIF was measured for 30 structurally diverse poorly water soluble drugs. Increased drug solubility upon SEDDS dispersion was observed in all cases, with higher SRs observed for cationic and neutral versus anionic drugs at pH 6.5. Molecular descriptors and solid-state properties were used as inputs during partial least squares (PLS) modelling resulting in predictive models for SRMC (r2 = 0.81) and SRLC (r2 = 0.77). Multiple linear regression (MLR) facilitated generation of simplified SR equations with high predictivity (SRMC r2 = 0.74; SRLC r2 = 0.69), requiring only three drug properties; partition coefficient at pH 6.5 (logD6.5), melting point (Tm) and aromatic bonds as fraction of total bonds (F-AromB). Through using the equations to inform developability classification system (DCS) classes for drugs that have already been licensed as lipid-based formulations, merits for development with SEDDS was predicted for 2/3 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niklas J Koehl
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Patrick J O'Dwyer
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Pion Inc. (UK) Ltd, Forest Row, East Sussex, UK
| | - Karl J Box
- Pion Inc. (UK) Ltd, Forest Row, East Sussex, UK
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27
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Bennett-Lenane H, O'Shea JP, O'Driscoll CM, Griffin BT. A Retrospective Biopharmaceutical Analysis of >800 Approved Oral Drug Products: Are Drug Properties of Solid Dispersions and Lipid-Based Formulations Distinctive? J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:3248-3261. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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28
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Ilie AR, Griffin BT, Vertzoni M, Kuentz M, Cuyckens F, Wuyts K, Kolakovic R, Holm R. Toward simplified oral lipid-based drug delivery using mono-/di-glycerides as single component excipients. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:2051-2060. [PMID: 33124918 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1843475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically explore compositional effects for a series of lipid systems, on the in vitro drug solubilization and in vivo bioavailability of three poorly water-soluble drugs with different physico-chemical properties. SIGNIFICANCE While many lipid-based drug products have successfully reached the market, there is still a level of uncertainty on the design guidelines for such drug products with limited understanding on the influence of composition on in vitro and in vivo performance. METHODS AND RESULTS Lipid-based drug delivery systems were prepared using either single excipient systems based on partially digested triglycerides (i.e. mono- and/or di-glycerides) or increasingly complex systems by incorporating surfactants and/or triglycerides. These lipid systems were evaluated for both in vitro and in vivo behavior. Results indicated that simple single component long chain lipid systems are more beneficial for the absorption of the weak acid celecoxib and the weak base cinnarizine compared to equivalent single component medium chain lipid systems. Similarly, a two-component system produced by incorporating small amount of hydrophilic surfactant yields similar overall pharmacokinetic effects. The lipid drug delivery systems based on medium chain lipid excipients improved the in vivo exposure of the neutral drug JNJ-2A. The higher in vivo bioavailability of long chain lipid systems compared to medium chain lipid systems was in agreement with in vitro dilution and dispersion studies for celecoxib and cinnarizine. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrated the benefits of using mono-/di-glycerides as single component excipients in LBDDS to streamline formulation screening and improve oral bioavailability for the three tested poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Roxana Ilie
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium.,School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Maria Vertzoni
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
| | - Martin Kuentz
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Filip Cuyckens
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Koen Wuyts
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Ruzica Kolakovic
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
| | - René Holm
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium.,Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
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29
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Dahlgren D, Sjögren E, Lennernäs H. Intestinal absorption of BCS class II drugs administered as nanoparticles: A review based on in vivo data from intestinal perfusion models. ADMET DMPK 2020; 8:375-390. [PMID: 35300192 PMCID: PMC8915587 DOI: 10.5599/admet.881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An established pharmaceutical strategy to increase oral drug absorption of low solubility–high permeability drugs is to create nanoparticles of them. Reducing the size of the solid-state particles increases their dissolution and transport rate across the mucus barrier and the aqueous boundary layer. Suspensions of nanoparticles also sometimes behave differently than those of larger particles in the fed state. This review compares the absorption mechanisms of nano- and larger particles in the lumen at different prandial states, with an emphasis on data derived from in vivo models. Four BSC class II drugs—aprepitant, cyclosporine, danazol and fenofibrate—are discussed in detail based on information from preclinical intestinal perfusion models.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Dahlgren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Translational Drug Discovery and Development, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Erik Sjögren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Translational Drug Discovery and Development, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Hans Lennernäs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Translational Drug Discovery and Development, Uppsala University, Sweden
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de Oliveira IF, Barbosa EJ, Peters MCC, Henostroza MAB, Yukuyama MN, Dos Santos Neto E, Löbenberg R, Bou-Chacra N. Cutting-edge advances in therapy for the posterior segment of the eye: Solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers. Int J Pharm 2020; 589:119831. [PMID: 32877729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Posterior segment eye diseases affect more than 300 million patients worldwide resulting in severe visual impairment. The treatments available are invasive, costly, present irregular effectiveness, and cause serious adverse effects. These drawbacks significantly reduce patient compliance. In the last decade, solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) and nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) have shown potential as innovative carriers for lipophilic drug substances to overcome hurdles in treating the eye posterior segment. This review shows the advantages of these formulations, focusing on their compatibility with ocular tissues, which increases the internalization of the drug substances. Additionally, SLN and NLC can reduce the clearance by the eye's protective mechanisms due to adhesive properties related to nanometric size. Therefore, these preparations may allow the treating of several ophthalmic diseases by topical administration, increasing the interval between doses. This feature can decrease adverse effects and enhance efficacy, ultimately improving patient compliance. Thus, this critical review presents the performance of the in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo assays that support the potential of SLN and NLC to treat diseases of the posterior segment of the eye. These nanoparticles have shown to be promising alternative towards a major shift in developing ophthalmic products.
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31
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Koehl NJ, Holm R, Kuentz M, Griffin BT. Chase Dosing of Lipid Formulations to Enhance Oral Bioavailability of Nilotinib in Rats. Pharm Res 2020; 37:124. [PMID: 32524365 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-020-02841-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lipid-based formulations (LBF) have shown oral bioavailability enhancement of lipophilic drugs, but not necessarily in the case of hydrophobic drugs. This study explored the potential of lipid vehicles to improve the bioavailability of the hydrophobic drug nilotinib comparing a chase dosing approach and lipid suspensions. METHODS Nilotinib in vivo bioavailability in rats was determined after administering an aqueous suspension chase dosed with blank olive oil, Captex 1000, Peceol or Capmul MCM, respectively. Absolute bioavailability was determined (relative to an intravenous formulation). Pharmacokinetic parameters were compared to lipid suspensions. RESULTS Compared to the lipid suspensions, the chase dosed lipids showed a 2- to 7-fold higher bioavailability. Both long chain chase dosed excipients also significantly increased the bioavailability up to 2-fold compared to the aqueous suspension. Deconvolution of the pharmacokinetic data indicated that chase dosing of nilotinib resulted in prolonged absorption compared to the aqueous suspension. CONCLUSION Chase dosed LBF enhanced the in vivo bioavailability of nilotinib. Long chain lipids showed superior performance compared to medium chain lipids. Chase dosing appeared to prolong the absorption phase of the drug. Therefore, chase dosing of LBF is favourable compared to lipid suspensions for 'brick dust' molecules such as nilotinib. Graphical Abstract The potential of bio-enabling lipid vehicles, administered via chase dosing and lipid suspensions, has been evaluated as an approach to enhance oral bioavailability of nilotinib.
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32
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Teleki A, Nylander O, Bergström CAS. Intrinsic Dissolution Rate Profiling of Poorly Water-Soluble Compounds in Biorelevant Dissolution Media. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E493. [PMID: 32481718 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) is a key property that aids in early drug development, especially selecting formulation strategies to improve dissolution and thereby drug absorption in the intestine. Here, we developed a robust method for rapid, medium throughput screening of IDR and established the largest IDR dataset in open literature to date that can be used for pharmaceutical computational modeling. Eighteen compounds with diverse physicochemical properties were studied in both fasted and fed state simulated intestinal fluids. Dissolution profiles were measured in small-scale experimental assays using compound suspensions or discs. IDR measurements were not solely linked to API solubility in either dissolution media. Multivariate data analysis revealed that IDR strongly depends on compound partitioning into bile salt and phospholipid micelles in the simulated intestinal fluids, a process that in turn is governed by API lipophilicity, hydrophobicity, and ionization.
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Joscha Brinkmann
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Frauke Rest
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christian Luebbert
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Gabriele Sadowski
- Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, Emil-Figge-Str. 70, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
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Vyas S, Khambete M, Gudhka R, Panchamia S, Degani M, Patravale V. In silico modeling of functionalized poly(methylvinyl ether/maleic acid) for controlled drug release in the ocular milieu. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:1085-1094. [PMID: 32270438 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00749-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Controlling structurally defined properties of drug-bound macromolecules such as surface adhesion and interaction with endogenous proteins in the surrounding environment using prior data from computer-assisted simulation can be of great use in designing controlled release macromolecular therapeutic systems. In this paper, we describe experimental correlation of real-time properties of a polymer with pendant drug molecules, with predicted values obtained from studying in silico molecular interactions of this polymer with ocular surface proteins (mucin) for formulating an ophthalmic in situ gel. Mucoretention of the drug (norfloxacin) within the eye sac is closely associated with binding interactions occurring on the ocular surface, and covalent association of the drug with the mucoadhesive polymer, poly(methylvinyl ether/maleic acid), can largely reduce dosing frequency eliciting prolonged antibacterial action much required in treating conjunctival infections. The physicochemical properties and 3D conformation of the drug-polymer conjugate were predicted by computational studies. Molecular docking of the drug-polymer conjugate with ocular surface mucin (MUC-1) suggested that amino acid residues Arg1095, Asn1091, and Gln1070 of mucin are involved in hydrogen bonding with carboxyl residues in the polymer structure. The orientation of the drug-polymer conjugate in solution profoundly depends on the properties of the drug. The studies further reveal that molecular interactions of MUC-1 with the drug in the drug-polymer conjugate influence the binding orientation of the drug-polymer to mucin. Computationally predicted solvation energies revealed a significant difference in energy values between drug molecule alone (- 113.04 kcal/mol) and the drug-polymer (- 492.44 kcal/mol) suggesting higher aqueous solvation of the drug-polymer conjugate compared with less-soluble drug, and that interactions between polymer chains and ocular aqueous environment dictate the drug-polymer conjugate's free energy. Our results demonstrate the fabrication of a macromolecular therapeutic gel using drug-polymer with controlled release properties and mucoadhesion guided by information predicted from computational software. Notably, in silico studies reveal that even small variations in molecular composition, in this case, an antibacterial drug that contributes less than half of the entire molecular weight can considerably change the drug's presentation to the ocular environment. Graphical abstract Table of contents graphic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Vyas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Mihir Khambete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Ronak Gudhka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Shail Panchamia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Mariam Degani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga (E), Mumbai, 400019, India.
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35
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Alvebratt C, Keemink J, Edueng K, Cheung O, Strømme M, Bergström CA. An in vitro dissolution–digestion–permeation assay for the study of advanced drug delivery systems. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 149:21-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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36
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Ilie AR, Griffin BT, Kolakovic R, Vertzoni M, Kuentz M, Holm R. Supersaturated lipid-based drug delivery systems – exploring impact of lipid composition type and drug properties on supersaturability and physical stability. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:356-364. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1721526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Roxana Ilie
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Ruzica Kolakovic
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Maria Vertzoni
- Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
| | - Martin Kuentz
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Institute of Pharma Technology, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - René Holm
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
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37
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Brinkmann J, Huxoll F, Luebbert C, Sadowski G. Solubility of pharmaceutical ingredients in triglycerides. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 145:113-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Niederquell A, Dujovny G, Probst SE, Kuentz M. A Relative Permittivity Approach for Fast Drug Solubility Screening of Solvents and Excipients in Lipid-Based Delivery. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3457-3460. [PMID: 31255684 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Drug solubility screening in solvents and lipids is central for the development of lipid-based formulations (LBFs), and any guidance to reduce the experimental workload would be highly desirable. Solubility parameters are interesting as they can be predicted in silico for a drug but they are hardly predictable for complex lipids. This paper uses a new approach to convert an in silico drug solubility parameter to an estimated relative permittivity, εr. Diverse solvents and lipid-based excipients were then experimentally tested for εr and solubility using fenofibrate as model. The typical excipients and solvents used in LBFs showed an εr range of about 2-24, and good solubility of fenofibrate was indeed evidenced in vicinity of its estimated relative permittivity 13.2 ± 2.7. Mixtures of promising excipients were studied subsequently, and the obtained εr was predictable based on the known values of the individual components. The novel permittivity approach has demonstrated its usefulness, it has much potential in early development for ranking of suitable excipients, and it gives an initial orientation to design formulations. Future research may clarify further opportunities and limits of the novel approach for LBFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Niederquell
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Gabriela Dujovny
- Qualicaps(®) Europe, S.A.U., Avenida Monte Valdelatas 4, 28108 Alcobendas, Spain
| | | | - Martin Kuentz
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.
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Holm R. Bridging the gaps between academic research and industrial product developments of lipid-based formulations. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 142:118-127. [PMID: 30682399 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lipid-based formulations, including self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS), are an interesting formulation technology that enables the clinical use of compounds for which a low aqueous solubility may be a limitation. From an academic perspective, the technology is interesting on several levels: what drives solubility, what determines bioperformance, what is the potential for solidification etc. From an industrial perspective, >35 lipid-based formulations are available and there is an unknown number of projects in the pipeline. Hence, while there is scientific interest from both academic and industrial perspectives, the agendas/needs in the two settings are different. From an industrial perspective, risks are associated with uncertainty; hence the more that is known about a technology the better - knowledge that in principle can be generated in both the academia and industry. This focuses on the development of lipid-based formulations and the knowledge gaps that could be investigated -with the hope that all stakeholders in the field of lipid-based formulations, including academia, industry, CRO's, lipid excipient manufacturers etc., would share their insight, so that this technology can be even further developed. Some of the gaps discussed include the selection of compounds suited for lipid-based formulations, which potential modifications that could be investigated, e.g., lipophilic salts, what is a relevant definition of accelerated stability studies, how best to construct an industrial development program of a lipid-based formulation, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Holm
- Drug Product Development, Janssen R&D, Johnson & Johnson, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340 Beerse, Belgium; Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
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Koehl NJ, Holm R, Kuentz M, Griffin BT. New Insights into Using Lipid Based Suspensions for 'Brick Dust' Molecules: Case Study of Nilotinib. Pharm Res 2019; 36:56. [PMID: 30796596 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-019-2590-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lipid suspensions have been shown to be a suitable bio-enabling formulation approach for highly lipophilic or 'grease ball' drug molecules, but studies on 'brick dust' drugs are lacking. This study explored the utility of lipid suspensions for enhancing oral bioavailability of the rather hydrophobic drug nilotinib in vivo in rats. METHODS Four lipid suspensions were developed containing long chain triglycerides, medium chain triglyceride, long chain monoglycerides and medium chain monoglycerides and in vivo bioavailability was compared to an aqueous suspension. Additionally, in vitro lipolysis and wettability tests were conducted. RESULTS Nilotinib lipid suspensions did not show a bioavailability increase compared to an aqueous suspension. The bioavailability was lower for triglyceride suspensions, relative to both monoglyceride and an aqueous suspension. The long chain monoglyceride displayed a significantly higher bioavailability relative to triglycerides. In vitro lipolysis results suggested entrapment of nilotinib crystals within poorly dispersible triglycerides, leading to slower nilotinib release and absorption. This was further supported by higher wettability of nilotinib by lipids. CONCLUSION Monoglycerides improved oral bioavailability of nilotinib in rats, relative to triglycerides. For 'brick dust' drugs formulated as lipid suspensions, poorly dispersible formulations may delay the release of drug crystals from the formulation leading to reduced absorption. Graphical Abstract An aqueous and four lipid suspensions have been evaluated in in vitro and in vivo to gain insights into the potential benefits and limitations of lipid suspensions.
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Siram K, Divakar S, Raghavan CV, Marslin G, Rahman H, Franklin G. Prediction and elucidation of factors affecting solubilisation of imatinib mesylate in lipids. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 174:443-450. [PMID: 30497005 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The physico-chemical properties of lipids influencing the solubilisation of imatinib mesylate (IM) in lipid matrix were evaluated and a statistical model to predict the same has been derived in the present study. After experimental quantification of IM solubility in various lipids, Hansen Hildebrand's total solubility parameters were calculated in order to study the role of various forces connected to lipid-drug interaction. To develop a relationship between the various descriptors of the lipids and experimental solubility of IM in lipids (% w/w), quantitative structure-solubility relationship (QSSR) was used. To generate equations that can predict the solubility of IM in lipids (%w/w), multiple linear regression was used. Amongst the various lipids tested, glyceryl monostearate and behenic acid solubilised the highest (6.19 ± 0.22%) and lowest (0.01 ± 0.01%) amounts of IM respectively. Our results suggested that alkyl chain length, polarity of the lipids, index of cohesive interaction in solids, estimated number of hydrogen bonds that would be accepted by the solute from water molecules in an aqueous solution, estimated number of hydrogen bonds that would be donated by the solute to water molecules in an aqueous solution and solvent accessible surface area collectively play a significant role in solubilising IM in the lipids. The equation developed could predict the solubility of IM in lipids with good accuracy (R2pred = 0.912).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Siram
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSG College of Pharmacy, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, India
| | - Selvaraj Divakar
- Department of Pharmacology, PSG College of Pharmacy, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, 641004, India
| | | | - Gregory Marslin
- Department of Integrative Plant Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland
| | - Habibur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, PSG College of Pharmacy, Peelamedu, Coimbatore, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Gregory Franklin
- Department of Integrative Plant Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479, Poznań, Poland.
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Abstract
![]()
Lipid-based formulations (LBFs) are
a delivery strategy to enhance
intestinal absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs. LBF performance
is typically evaluated by in vitro lipolysis studies, but these do
not accurately predict the in vivo performance. One possible reason
is the absence of an absorptive membrane driving sink conditions in
the serosal compartment. To explore the impact of absorption under
sink conditions on the performance evaluation, we developed a lipolysis-permeation
setup that allows simultaneous investigation of intestinal digestion
of an LBF and drug absorption. The setup consists of two chambers,
an upper one for digestion (luminal), and a lower, receiving one (serosal),
separated by a Caco-2 monolayer. Digestions were performed with immobilized
lipase, instead of the pancreatic extract typically used during lipolysis,
since the latter has proven incompatible with Caco-2 cells. Danazol-loaded
LBFs were used to develop the setup, and fenofibrate-loaded LBFs were
used to establish an in vitro in vivo correlation. As in regular lipolysis
studies, our setup allows for the evaluation of (i) the extent of
digestion and (ii) drug distribution in different phases present during
lipolysis of drug-loaded LBFs (i.e., oil, aqueous, and solid phase).
In addition, our setup can determine drug permeation across Caco-2
monolayers and hence, the absorptive flux of the compound. The presence
of the absorptive monolayer and sink conditions tended to reduce aqueous
drug concentrations and supersaturation in the digestion chamber.
The drug transfer across the Caco-2 membrane accurately reflected
in vivo drug exposure upon administration of three different LBFs
loaded with fenofibrate, where the traditional lipolysis setup failed
to predict in vivo performance. As the new setup reflects the dynamic
processes occurring in the gastrointestinal tract, it is a valuable
tool that can be used in the development of LBFs prior to in vivo
studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janneke Keemink
- Department of Pharmacy , Uppsala University , Uppsala Biomedical Center , P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Elin Mårtensson
- Department of Pharmacy , Uppsala University , Uppsala Biomedical Center , P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Christel A S Bergström
- Department of Pharmacy , Uppsala University , Uppsala Biomedical Center , P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala , Sweden
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Ignjatović NL, Sakač M, Kuzminac I, Kojić V, Marković S, Vasiljević-Radović D, Wu VM, Uskoković V, Uskoković DP. Chitosan Oligosaccharide Lactate Coated Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles as a Vehicle for the Delivery of Steroid Drugs and the Targeting of Breast Cancer Cells. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:6957-6968. [PMID: 30931125 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01995a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Low targeting efficiency and fast metabolism of antineoplastic drugs are hindrances to effective chemotherapies and there is an ongoing search for better drugs, but also better carriers. Steroid derivatives, 3β-hydroxy-16-hydroxymino-androst-5-en-17-one (A) and 3β,17β-dihydroxy-16-hydroxymino-androst-5-ene (B) as cancer growth inhibitors were chemically synthesized and captured in a carrier composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles coated with chitosan oligosaccharide lactate (ChOLS). The only difference between the two derivatives is that A has a carbonyl group at the C17 position of the five-membered ring and B has a hydroxyl. This small difference in the structure resulted not only in different physicochemical properties of the A- and B-loaded HAp/ChOSL, but also in different biological activities. The morphology of drug-loaded HAp/ChOSL particles was spherical, but the size depended on the drug identity: d50=138 nm for A-loaded HAp/ChOSL and d50=223 nm for B-loaded HAp/ChOSL. Cell-selective toxicity was tested against human breast carcinoma (MCF7 and MDA-MB-231), human lung carcinoma (A549) and human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5). The small selectivity of pure derivatives A and B toward breast cancer cells became drastically increased when they were delivered using HAp/ChOSL particles. Whereas the ratio of the cytotoxicity imposed onto breast cancer cells and the cytotoxicity imposed onto healthy MRC-5 fibroblasts ranged from 1.5 to 1.7 for pure A and from 1.5 to 2.3 for pure derivative B depending on the concentration, it increased to 5.4 for A-loaded HAp/ChOSL and 5.1 for B-loaded HAp/ChOSL. FACS analysis demonstrated poor uptake of HAp/ChOSL particles by MCF7 cells, suggesting that the drug release occurs extracellularly. The augmented activity of the drugs was most likely due to sustained release, although the favorable positive charge of the carrier, allowing it to adhere to the negatively charged plasma membrane and release the drugs steadily and directly to the hydrophobic cell membrane milieu, was delineated as a possible complementary mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad L Ignjatović
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35/IV, P.O. Box 377, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Sakač
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ivana Kuzminac
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vesna Kojić
- Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Put Dr Goldmana 4, Sremska Kamenica 21204, Serbia
| | - Smilja Marković
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35/IV, P.O. Box 377, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dana Vasiljević-Radović
- University of Belgrade, Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Victoria M Wu
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Chapman University, 9501 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA 92618, USA
| | - Vuk Uskoković
- Advanced Materials and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dragan P Uskoković
- Institute of Technical Sciences of the Serbian Academy of Science and Arts, Knez Mihailova 35/IV, P.O. Box 377, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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44
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Alskär LC, Keemink J, Johannesson J, Porter CJH, Bergström CAS. Impact of Drug Physicochemical Properties on Lipolysis-Triggered Drug Supersaturation and Precipitation from Lipid-Based Formulations. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:4733-4744. [PMID: 30142268 PMCID: PMC6209313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
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In
this study we investigated lipolysis-triggered supersaturation
and precipitation of a set of model compounds formulated in lipid-based
formulations (LBFs). The purpose was to explore the relationship between
precipitated solid form and inherent physicochemical properties of
the drug. Eight drugs were studied after formulation in three LBFs,
representing lipid-rich (extensively digestible) to surfactant-rich
(less digestible) formulations. In vitro lipolysis
of drug-loaded LBFs were conducted, and the amount of dissolved and
precipitated drug was quantified. Solid form of the precipitated drug
was characterized with polarized light microscopy (PLM) and Raman
spectroscopy. A significant solubility increase for the weak bases
in the presence of digestion products was observed, in contrast to
the neutral and acidic compounds for which the solubility decreased.
The fold-increase in solubility was linked to the degree of ionization
of the weak bases and thus their attraction to free fatty acids. A
high level of supersaturation was needed to cause precipitation. For
the weak bases, the dose number indicated that precipitation would
not occur during lipolysis; hence, these compounds were not included
in further studies. The solid state analysis proved that danazol and
griseofulvin precipitated in a crystalline form, while niclosamide
precipitated as a hydrate. Felodipine and indomethacin crystals were
visible in the PLM, whereas the Raman spectra showed presence
of amorphous drug, indicating amorphous precipitation that quickly
crystallized. The solid state analysis was combined with literature
data to allow analysis of the relationship between solid form and
the physicochemical properties of the drug. It was found that low
molecular weight and high melting temperature increases the probability
of crystalline precipitation, whereas precipitation in an amorphous
form was favored by high molecular weight, low melting temperature,
and positive charge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda C Alskär
- Department of Pharmacy , Uppsala University , Uppsala Biomedical Center P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Janneke Keemink
- Department of Pharmacy , Uppsala University , Uppsala Biomedical Center P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Jenny Johannesson
- Department of Pharmacy , Uppsala University , Uppsala Biomedical Center P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Christopher J H Porter
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Christel A S Bergström
- Department of Pharmacy , Uppsala University , Uppsala Biomedical Center P.O. Box 580, SE-751 23 Uppsala , Sweden.,Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics , Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University , 381 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
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45
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Ditzinger F, Price DJ, Ilie AR, Köhl NJ, Jankovic S, Tsakiridou G, Aleandri S, Kalantzi L, Holm R, Nair A, Saal C, Griffin B, Kuentz M. Lipophilicity and hydrophobicity considerations in bio-enabling oral formulations approaches – a PEARRL review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 71:464-482. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This review highlights aspects of drug hydrophobicity and lipophilicity as determinants of different oral formulation approaches with specific focus on enabling formulation technologies. An overview is provided on appropriate formulation selection by focussing on the physicochemical properties of the drug.
Key findings
Crystal lattice energy and the octanol–water partitioning behaviour of a poorly soluble drug are conventionally viewed as characteristics of hydrophobicity and lipophilicity, which matter particularly for any dissolution process during manufacturing and regarding drug release in the gastrointestinal tract. Different oral formulation strategies are discussed in the present review, including lipid-based delivery, amorphous solid dispersions, mesoporous silica, nanosuspensions and cyclodextrin formulations.
Summary
Current literature suggests that selection of formulation approaches in pharmaceutics is still highly dependent on the availability of technological expertise in a company or research group. Encouraging is that, recent advancements point to more structured and scientifically based development approaches. More research is still needed to better link physicochemical drug properties to pharmaceutical formulation design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Ditzinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Daniel J Price
- Analytics Healthcare, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
- Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra-Roxana Ilie
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Johnson and Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Niklas J Köhl
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sandra Jankovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Georgia Tsakiridou
- Product Design & Evaluation, Pharmathen SA, Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Simone Aleandri
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Lida Kalantzi
- Product Design & Evaluation, Pharmathen SA, Athens, Greece
| | - René Holm
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Johnson and Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Anita Nair
- Analytics Healthcare, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | | | - Martin Kuentz
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
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46
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Ignjatović NL, Penov-gaši KM, Ajduković JJ, Kojić VV, Marković SB, Uskoković DP. The effect of the androstane lung cancer inhibitor content on the cell-selective toxicity of hydroxyapatite-chitosan-PLGA nanocomposites. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2018; 89:371-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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47
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Jankovic S, Tsakiridou G, Ditzinger F, Koehl NJ, Price DJ, Ilie AR, Kalantzi L, Kimpe K, Holm R, Nair A, Griffin B, Saal C, Kuentz M. Application of the solubility parameter concept to assist with oral delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs – a PEARRL review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 71:441-463. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Solubility parameters have been used for decades in various scientific fields including pharmaceutics. It is, however, still a field of active research both on a conceptual and experimental level. This work addresses the need to review solubility parameter applications in pharmaceutics of poorly water-soluble drugs.
Key findings
An overview of the different experimental and calculation methods to determine solubility parameters is provided, which covers from classical to modern approaches. In the pharmaceutical field, solubility parameters are primarily used to guide organic solvent selection, cocrystals and salt screening, lipid-based delivery, solid dispersions and nano- or microparticulate drug delivery systems. Solubility parameters have been applied for a quantitative assessment of mixtures, or they are simply used to rank excipients for a given drug.
Summary
In particular, partial solubility parameters hold great promise for aiding the development of poorly soluble drug delivery systems. This is particularly true in early-stage development, where compound availability and resources are limited. The experimental determination of solubility parameters has its merits despite being rather labour-intensive because further data can be used to continuously improve in silico predictions. Such improvements will ensure that solubility parameters will also in future guide scientists in finding suitable drug formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Jankovic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Georgia Tsakiridou
- Pharmathen SA, Product Design & Evaluation, Athens, Greece
- Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Felix Ditzinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Niklas J Koehl
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Price
- Merck Group, Molecule Characterisation, Darmstadt, Germany
- Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexandra-Roxana Ilie
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Lida Kalantzi
- Pharmathen SA, Product Design & Evaluation, Athens, Greece
| | - Kristof Kimpe
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - René Holm
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Johnson & Johnson, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Anita Nair
- Merck Group, Molecule Characterisation, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Saal
- Merck Group, Molecule Characterisation, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Martin Kuentz
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
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48
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Lee YC, Dalton C, Regler B, Harris D. Drug solubility in fatty acids as a formulation design approach for lipid-based formulations: a technical note. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:1551-1556. [PMID: 29873584 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1483395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based drug delivery systems have been intensively investigated as a means of delivering poorly water-soluble drugs. Upon ingestion, the lipases in the gastrointestinal tract digest lipid ingredients, mainly triglycerides, within the formulation into monoglycerides and fatty acids. While numerous studies have addressed the solubility of drugs in triglycerides, comparatively few publications have addressed the solubility of drugs in fatty acids, which are the end product of digestion and responsible for the solubility of drug within mixed micelles. The objective of this investigation was to explore the solubility of a poorly water-soluble drug in fatty acids and raise the awareness of the importance of drug solubility in fatty acids. The model API (active pharmaceutical ingredient), a weak acid, is considered a BCS II compound with an aqueous solubility of 0.02 μg/mL and predicted partition coefficient >7. The solubility of API ranged from 120 mg/mL to over 1 g/mL in fatty acids with chain lengths across the range C18 to C6. Hydrogen bonding was found to be the main driver of the solubilization of API in fatty acids. The solubility of API was significantly reduced by water uptake in caprylic acid but not in oleic acid. This report demonstrates that solubility data generated in fatty acids can provide an indication of the solubility of the drug after lipid digestion. This report also highlights the importance of measuring the solubility of drugs in fatty acids in the course of lipid formulation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chi Lee
- a Formulation Sciences , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ , USA
| | - Chad Dalton
- a Formulation Sciences , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ , USA
| | - Brian Regler
- b Merck Animal Health , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ , USA
| | - David Harris
- a Formulation Sciences , Merck & Co., Inc. , Rahway , NJ , USA
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49
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Mora MJ, Onnainty R, Granero GE. Comparative Oral Drug Classification Systems: Acetazolamide, Azithromycin, Clopidogrel, and Efavirenz Case Studies. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3187-3196. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Julia Mora
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), CONICET and Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000-HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Renée Onnainty
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), CONICET and Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000-HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gladys Ester Granero
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), CONICET and Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, X5000-HUA Córdoba, Argentina
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50
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Dumont C, Bourgeois S, Fessi H, Jannin V. Lipid-based nanosuspensions for oral delivery of peptides, a critical review. Int J Pharm 2018; 541:117-135. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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