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He Y, Qu L. Non-coding RNAs in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: their role and mechanisms underlying their effects. Metabolism 2024; 154:155833. [PMID: 38462040 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a complication of diabetes with a high rate of disability. However, current clinical treatments for DPN are suboptimal. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a type of RNAs that are not translated into proteins. NcRNAs perform functions that regulate epigenetic modifications, transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulators of proteins, and thus participate in the physiological and pathological processes of the body. NcRNAs play a role in the progress of DPN by affecting the processes of inflammation, oxidative stress, cellular autophagy or apoptosis. Therefore, ncRNAs treatment is regarded as a promising therapeutic approach for DPN. In addition, since some ncRNAs present stably in the blood of DPN patients, they are considered as potential biomarkers that contribute to early clinical diagnosis. In this paper, we review the studies on the role of ncRNAs in DPN in the last decade, and discuss the mechanisms of ncRNAs, aiming to provide a reference for the future research on the treatment and early diagnosis of DPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian He
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 100730 Beijing, China
| | - Ling Qu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, 100730 Beijing, China.
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2
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Amin N, Abbasi IN, Wu F, Shi Z, Sundus J, Badry A, Yuan X, Zhao BX, Pan J, Mi XD, Luo Y, Geng Y, Fang M. The Janus face of HIF-1α in ischemic stroke and the possible associated pathways. Neurochem Int 2024; 177:105747. [PMID: 38657682 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Stroke is the most devastating disease, causing paralysis and eventually death. Many clinical and experimental trials have been done in search of a new safe and efficient medicine; nevertheless, scientists have yet to discover successful remedies that are also free of adverse effects. This is owing to the variability in intensity, localization, medication routes, and each patient's immune system reaction. HIF-1α represents the modern tool employed to treat stroke diseases due to its functions: downstream genes such as glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, and cell survival. Its role can be achieved via two downstream EPO and VEGF strongly related to apoptosis and antioxidant processes. Recently, scientists paid more attention to drugs dealing with the HIF-1 pathway. This review focuses on medicines used for ischemia treatment and their potential HIF-1α pathways. Furthermore, we discussed the interaction between HIF-1α and other biological pathways such as oxidative stress; however, a spotlight has been focused on certain potential signalling contributed to the HIF-1α pathway. HIF-1α is an essential regulator of oxygen balance within cells which affects and controls the expression of thousands of genes related to sustaining homeostasis as oxygen levels fluctuate. HIF-1α's role in ischemic stroke strongly depends on the duration and severity of brain damage after onset. HIF-1α remains difficult to investigate, particularly in ischemic stroke, due to alterations in the acute and chronic phases of the disease, as well as discrepancies between the penumbra and ischemic core. This review emphasizes these contrasts and analyzes the future of this intriguing and demanding field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Amin
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Egypt; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Irum Naz Abbasi
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Wu
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongjie Shi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Javaria Sundus
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Azhar Badry
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Yuan
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Xin Zhao
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Jie Pan
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Xiao-Dan Mi
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuhuan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Geng
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of Systemic Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
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Wen J, Wang C, Song LY, Wang YY, Liang PT, Pang WL, Yin W, Zhang Q, Zhao WT, Sun XP, Yan JY, Yang ZS. Ferroptosis Mediates Pulmonary Fibrosis: Implications for the Effect of Astragalus and Panax notoginseng Decoction. Can Respir J 2024; 2024:5554886. [PMID: 38584671 PMCID: PMC10997418 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5554886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the mechanism through which Astragalus and Panax notoginseng decoction (APD) facilitates the treatment of ferroptosis-mediated pulmonary fibrosis. Materials and Methods First, the electromedical measurement systems were used to measure respiratory function in mice; the lungs were then collected for histological staining. Potential pharmacologic targets were predicted via network pharmacology. Finally, tests including immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting were used to evaluate the relative expression levels of collagen, transforming growth factor β, α-smooth muscle actin, hydroxyproline, and ferroptosis-related genes (GPX4, SLC7A11, ACSL4, and PTGS2) and candidates involved in the mediation of pathways associated with ferroptosis (Hif-1α and EGFR). Results APD prevented the occurrence of restrictive ventilation dysfunction induced by ferroptosis. Extracellular matrix and collagen fiber deposition were significantly reduced when the APD group compared with the model group; furthermore, ferroptosis was attenuated, expression of PTGS2 and ACSL4 increased, and expression of GPX4 and SLC7A11 decreased. In the APD group, the candidates related to the mediation of ferroptosis (Hif-1α and EGFR) decreased compared with the model group. Discussion and Conclusions. APD may ameliorate restrictive ventilatory dysfunction through the inhibition of ferroptosis. This was achieved through the attenuation of collagen deposition and inflammatory recruitment in pulmonary fibrosis. The underlying mechanisms might involve Hif-1α and EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-yun Song
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yin-ying Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Peng-tao Liang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen-lin Pang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen Yin
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wei-tian Zhao
- Dali Prefectural Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Xue-ping Sun
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin-yuan Yan
- Central Laboratory, Kunming Medical University Second Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhong-shan Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Dai S, Wu R, Fu K, Li Y, Yao C, Liu Y, Zhang F, Zhang S, Guo Y, Yao Y, Li Y. Exploring the effect and mechanism of cucurbitacin B on cholestatic liver injury based on network pharmacology and experimental verification. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 322:117584. [PMID: 38104874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cholestatic liver injury (CLI) is a pathologic process with the impairment of liver and bile secretion and excretion, resulting in an excessive accumulation of bile acids within the liver, which leads to damage to both bile ducts and hepatocytes. This process is often accompanied by inflammation. Cucumis melo L is a folk traditional herb for the treatment of cholestasis. Cucurbitacin B (CuB), an important active ingredient in Cucumis melo L, has significant anti-inflamamatory effects and plays an important role in diseases such as neuroinflammation, skin inflammation, and chronic hepatitis. Though numerous studies have confirmed the significant therapeutic effect of CuB on liver diseases, the impact of CuB on CLI remains uncertain. Consequently, the objective of this investigation is to elucidate the therapeutic properties and potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of CuB on CLI. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this paper was to investigate the potential protective mechanism of CuB against CLI. METHODS First, the corresponding targets of CuB were obtained through the SwissTargetPrediction and SuperPre online platforms. Second, the DisGeNET database, GeneCards database, and OMIM database were utilized to screen therapeutic targets for CLI. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) was determined using the STRING 11.5 data platform. Next, the OmicShare platform was employed for the purpose of visualizing the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. The molecular docking technique was then utilized to evaluate the binding affinity existing between potential targets and CuB. Subsequently, the impacts of CuB on the LO2 cell injury model induced by Lithocholic acid (LCA) and the CLI model induced by 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) were determined by evaluating inflammation in both in vivo and in vitro settings. The potential molecular mechanism was explored by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot (WB) techniques. RESULTS A total of 122 CuB targets were collected and high affinity targets were identified through the PPI network, namely TLR4, STAT3, HIF1A, and NFKB1. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that the treatment of CLI with CuB chiefly involved the inflammatory pathway. In vitro study results showed that CuB alleviated LCA-induced LO2 cell damage. Meanwhile, CuB reduced elevated AST and ALT levels and the release of inflammatory factors in LO2 cells induced by LCA. In vivo study results showed that CuB could alleviate DDC-induced pathological changes in mouse liver, inhibit the activity of serum transaminase, and suppress the liver and systemic inflammatory reaction of mice. Mechanically, CuB downregulated the IL-6, STAT3, and HIF-1α expression and inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation. CONCLUSION By combining network pharmacology with in vivo and in vitro experiments, the results of this study suggested that CuB prevented the inflammatory response by inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3/HIF-1α signaling pathway, thereby demonstrating potential protective and therapeutic effects on CLI. These results establish a scientific foundation for the exploration and utilization of natural medicines for CLI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Ke Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yanzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Chenghao Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yanfang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Shenglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yiling Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yuxin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Key Laboratory of Standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Randle RK, Amara VR, Popik W. IFI16 Is Indispensable for Promoting HIF-1α-Mediated APOL1 Expression in Human Podocytes under Hypoxic Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3324. [PMID: 38542298 PMCID: PMC10970439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants in the protein-coding regions of APOL1 are associated with an increased risk and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in African Americans. Hypoxia exacerbates CKD progression by stabilizing HIF-1α, which induces APOL1 transcription in kidney podocytes. However, the contribution of additional mediators to regulating APOL1 expression under hypoxia in podocytes is unknown. Here, we report that a transient accumulation of HIF-1α in hypoxia is sufficient to upregulate APOL1 expression in podocytes through a cGAS/STING/IRF3-independent pathway. Notably, IFI16 ablation impedes hypoxia-driven APOL1 expression despite the nuclear accumulation of HIF-1α. Co-immunoprecipitation assays indicate no direct interaction between IFI16 and HIF-1α. Our studies identify hypoxia response elements (HREs) in the APOL1 gene enhancer/promoter region, showing increased HIF-1α binding to HREs located in the APOL1 gene enhancer. Luciferase reporter assays confirm the role of these HREs in transcriptional activation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-qPCR assays demonstrate that IFI16 is not recruited to HREs, and IFI16 deletion reduces HIF-1α binding to APOL1 HREs. RT-qPCR analysis indicates that IFI16 selectively affects APOL1 expression, with a negligible impact on other hypoxia-responsive genes in podocytes. These findings highlight the unique contribution of IFI16 to hypoxia-driven APOL1 gene expression and suggest alternative IFI16-dependent mechanisms regulating APOL1 gene expression under hypoxic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richaundra K. Randle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Graduate Studies, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
| | - Venkateswara Rao Amara
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur 844102, Bihar, India
| | - Waldemar Popik
- Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37208, USA
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Luo H, Yan J, Gong R, Zhang D, Zhou X, Wang X. Identification of biomarkers and pathways for the SARS-CoV-2 infections in obstructive sleep apnea patients based on machine learning and proteomic analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:112. [PMID: 38443855 PMCID: PMC10913609 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02921-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was found to be higher in individuals following COVID-19 infection. However, the intricate mechanisms that underscore this concomitance remain partially elucidated. The aim of this study was to delve deeper into the molecular mechanisms that underpin this comorbidity. METHODS We acquired gene expression profiles for COVID-19 (GSE157103) and OSA (GSE75097) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Upon identifying shared feature genes between OSA and COVID-19 utilizing LASSO, Random forest and Support vector machines algorithms, we advanced to functional annotation, analysis of protein-protein interaction networks, module construction, and identification of pivotal genes. Furthermore, we established regulatory networks encompassing transcription factor (TF)-gene and TF-miRNA interactions, and searched for promising drug targets. Subsequently, the expression levels of pivotal genes were validated through proteomics data from COVID-19 cases. RESULTS Fourteen feature genes shared between OSA and COVID-19 were selected for further investigation. Through functional annotation, it was indicated that metabolic pathways play a role in the pathogenesis of both disorders. Subsequently, employing the cytoHubba plugin, ten hub genes were recognized, namely TP53, CCND1, MDM2, RB1, HIF1A, EP300, STAT3, CDK2, HSP90AA1, and PPARG. The finding of proteomics unveiled a substantial augmentation in the expression level of HSP90AA1 in COVID-19 patient samples, especially in severe conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our investigation illuminate a mutual pathogenic mechanism that underlies both OSA and COVID-19, which may provide novel perspectives for future investigations into the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Luo
- Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jisong Yan
- Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Gong
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dingyu Zhang
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Translational Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Wuhan, China.
- Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
- Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xianguang Wang
- Department of Tuberculosis and Respiratory, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Wuhan, China.
- Wuhan Research Center for Communicable Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
- Joint Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Health, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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O'Brien KM, Rix AS, Jasmin A, Lavelle E. The hypoxia response pathway in the Antarctic fish Notothenia coriiceps is functional despite a poly Q/E insertion mutation in HIF-1α. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics 2024; 50:101218. [PMID: 38412701 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Antarctic notothenioid fishes, inhabiting the oxygen-rich Southern Ocean, possess a polyglutamine and glutamic acid (poly Q/E) insertion mutation in the master transcriptional regulator of oxygen homeostasis, hypoxia- inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). To determine if this mutation impairs the ability of HIF-1 to regulate gene expression in response to hypoxia, we exposed Notothenia coriiceps, with a poly Q/E insertion mutation in HIF-1α that is 9 amino acids long, to hypoxia (2.3 mg L-1 O2) or normoxia (10 mg L -1 O2) for 12 h. Heart ventricles, brain, liver, and gill tissue were harvested and changes in gene expression quantified using RNA sequencing. Levels of glycogen and lactate were also quantified to determine if anaerobic metabolism increases in response to hypoxia. Exposure to hypoxia resulted in 818 unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in liver tissue of N. coriiceps. Many hypoxic genes were induced, including ones involved in the MAP kinase and FoxO pathways, glycolytic metabolism, and vascular remodeling. In contrast, there were fewer than 104 unique DEGs in each of the other tissues sampled. Lactate levels significantly increased in liver in response to hypoxia, indicating that anaerobic metabolism increases in response to hypoxia in this tissue. Overall, our results indicate that the hypoxia response pathway is functional in N. coriiceps despite a poly Q/E mutation in HIF-1α, and confirm that Antarctic fishes are capable of altering gene expression in response to hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M O'Brien
- University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.
| | - A S Rix
- University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.
| | - A Jasmin
- University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
| | - E Lavelle
- National Center for Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM 87505, USA.
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Sivagurunathan N, Calivarathan L. SARS-CoV-2 Infection to Premature Neuronal Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Is there any Connection with Hypoxia? CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2024; 23:431-448. [PMID: 37073650 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230418114446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, has become a global concern as it leads to a spectrum of mild to severe symptoms and increases death tolls around the world. Severe COVID-19 results in acute respiratory distress syndrome, hypoxia, and multi- organ dysfunction. However, the long-term effects of post-COVID-19 infection are still unknown. Based on the emerging evidence, there is a high possibility that COVID-19 infection accelerates premature neuronal aging and increases the risk of age-related neurodegenerative diseases in mild to severely infected patients during the post-COVID period. Several studies correlate COVID-19 infection with neuronal effects, though the mechanism through which they contribute to the aggravation of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration is still under investigation. SARS-CoV-2 predominantly targets pulmonary tissues and interferes with gas exchange, leading to systemic hypoxia. The neurons in the brain require a constant supply of oxygen for their proper functioning, suggesting that they are more vulnerable to any alteration in oxygen saturation level that results in neuronal injury with or without neuroinflammation. We hypothesize that hypoxia is one of the major clinical manifestations of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection; it directly or indirectly contributes to premature neuronal aging, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration by altering the expression of various genes responsible for the survival of the cells. This review focuses on the interplay between COVID-19 infection, hypoxia, premature neuronal aging, and neurodegenerative diseases and provides a novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmadhaa Sivagurunathan
- Molecular Pharmacology & Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur - 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Latchoumycandane Calivarathan
- Molecular Pharmacology & Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur - 610005, Tamil Nadu, India
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Su M, Ren X, Du D, He H, Zhang D, Xie R, Deng X, Zou C, Zou H. Curcumol β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex enhances radiosensitivity of esophageal cancer under hypoxic and normoxic condition. Jpn J Radiol 2023; 41:1275-1289. [PMID: 37227584 PMCID: PMC10613597 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-023-01446-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiotherapy is an indispensable treatment for esophageal cancer (EC), but radioresistance is not uncommon. Curcumol, as an active extract from traditional Chinese medicines, has been reported to have antitumor activity in various types of human tumor cells. However, its reversal of radioresistance has been rarely reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, curcumol was prepared as an inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin. EC cell lines were treated with radiation and curcumol β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (CβC), and the effect of radiosensitization of CβC was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro experiments included cell proliferation assay, clonogenic survival assay, apoptosis assay, cell cycle assay, and western blot assay. RESULTS The in vitro data revealed that CβC and irradiation synergistically inhibited the proliferation, reduced the colony formation, promoted the apoptosis, increased the G2/M phase, inhibited DNA damage repair, and reversed the hypoxia-mediated radioresistance of EC cells to a greater extent than did CβC alone or irradiation alone. The sensitization enhancement ratios (SERs) were 1.39 for TE-1 and 1.48 for ECA109 under hypoxia. The SERs were 1.25 for TE-1 and 1.32 for ECA109 under normoxia. The in vivo data demonstrated that the combination of CβC and irradiation could inhibit tumor growth to the greatest extent compared with either monotherapy alone. The enhancement factor was 2.45. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that CβC could enhance radiosensitivity of EC cells under hypoxic and normoxic condition. Thus, CβC can be used as an effective radiosensitizer for EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Su
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexi Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dahai Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dongyang People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Raoying Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Changlin Zou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Nanbaixiang Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haizhou Zou
- Derpartment of Medical Oncology, Wenzhou Hospital of Chinese Medicine, No. 9 Jiaowei Street, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Su Z, Zhang G, Li X, Zhang H. Inverse correlation between Alzheimer's disease and cancer from the perspective of hypoxia. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 131:59-73. [PMID: 37572528 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Sporadic Alzheimer's disease and cancer remain epidemiologically inversely related, and exploring the reverse pathogenesis is important for our understanding of both. Cognitive dysfunctions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) might result from the depletion of adaptive reserves in the brain. Energy storage in the brain is limited and is dynamically regulated by neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling. The research on neurodegenerative diseases has been dominated by the neurocentric view that neuronal defects cause the diseases. However, the proposal of the 2-hit vascular hypothesis in AD led us to focus on alterations in the vasculature, especially hypoperfusion. Chronic hypoxia is a feature shared by AD and cancer. It is interesting how contradicting chronic hypoxia's effects on both cancer and AD are. In this article, we discuss the potential links between the 2 diseases' etiology, from comparable upstream circumstances to diametrically opposed downstream effects. We suggest opposing potential mechanisms, including upregulation and downregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, the Warburg and reverse-Warburg effects, lactate-mediated intracellular acidic and alkaline conditions, and VDAC1-mediated apoptosis and antiapoptosis, and search for regulators that may be identified as the crossroads between cancer and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Su
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guimei Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangting Li
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haining Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Centre, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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11
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Henning Y, Willbrand K, Larafa S, Weißenberg G, Matschke V, Theiss C, Görtz GE, Matschke J. Cigarette smoke causes a bioenergetic crisis in RPE cells involving the downregulation of HIF-1α under normoxia. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:398. [PMID: 37880219 PMCID: PMC10600121 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01695-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common blinding disease in the elderly population. However, there are still many uncertainties regarding the pathophysiology at the molecular level. Currently, impaired energy metabolism in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells is discussed as one major hallmark of early AMD pathophysiology. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are important modulators of mitochondrial function. Moreover, smoking is the most important modifiable risk factor for AMD and is known to impair mitochondrial integrity. Therefore, our aim was to establish a cell-based assay that enables us to investigate how smoking affects mitochondrial function in conjunction with HIF signaling in RPE cells. For this purpose, we treated a human RPE cell line with cigarette smoke extract (CSE) under normoxia (21% O2), hypoxia (1% O2), or by co-treatment with Roxadustat, a clinically approved HIF stabilizer. CSE treatment impaired mitochondrial integrity, involving increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, and altered mitochondrial morphology. Treatment effects on cell metabolism were analyzed using a Seahorse Bioanalyzer. Mitochondrial respiration and ATP production were impaired in CSE-treated cells under normoxia. Surprisingly, CSE-treated RPE cells also exhibited decreased glycolytic rate under normoxia, causing a bioenergetic crisis, because two major metabolic pathways that provide ATP were impaired by CSE. Downregulation of glycolytic rate was HIF-dependent because HIF-1α, the α-subunit of HIF-1, was downregulated by CSE on the protein level, especially under normoxia. Moreover, hypoxia incubation and treatment with Roxadustat restored glycolytic flux. Taken together, our in vitro model provides interesting insights into HIF-dependent regulation of glycolysis under normoxic conditions, which will enable us to investigate signaling pathways involved in RPE metabolism in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Henning
- Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Katrin Willbrand
- Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Safa Larafa
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gesa Weißenberg
- Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Veronika Matschke
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Carsten Theiss
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gina-Eva Görtz
- Molecular Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johann Matschke
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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12
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Strowd R, Ellingson B, Raymond C, Yao J, Wen PY, Ahluwalia M, Piotrowski A, Desai A, Clarke JL, Lieberman FS, Desideri S, Nabors LB, Ye X, Grossman S. Activity of a first-in-class oral HIF2-alpha inhibitor, PT2385, in patients with first recurrence of glioblastoma. J Neurooncol 2023; 165:101-112. [PMID: 37864646 PMCID: PMC10863646 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04456-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoxia inducible factor 2-alpha (HIF2α) mediates cellular responses to hypoxia and is over-expressed in glioblastoma (GBM). PT2385 is an oral HIF2α inhibitor with in vivo activity against GBM. METHODS A two-stage single-arm open-label phase II study of adults with GBM at first recurrence following chemoradiation with measurable disease was conducted through the Adult Brain Tumor Consortium. PT2385 was administered at the phase II dose (800 mg b.i.d.). The primary outcome was objective radiographic response (ORR = complete response + partial response, CR + PR); secondary outcomes were safety, overall survival (OS), and progression free survival (PFS). Exploratory objectives included pharmacokinetics (day 15 Cmin), pharmacodynamics (erythropoietin, vascular endothelial growth factor), and pH-weighted amine- chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI to quantify tumor acidity at baseline and explore associations with drug response. Stage 1 enrolled 24 patients with early stoppage for ≤ 1 ORR. RESULTS Of the 24 enrolled patients, median age was 62.1 (38.7-76.7) years, median KPS 80, MGMT promoter was methylated in 46% of tumors. PT2385 was well tolerated. Grade ≥ 3 drug-related adverse events were hypoxia (n = 2), hyponatremia (2), lymphopenia (1), anemia (1), and hyperglycemia (1). No objective radiographic responses were observed; median PFS was 1.8 months (95% CI 1.6-2.5) and OS was 7.7 months (95% CI 4.9-12.6). Drug exposure varied widely and did not differ by corticosteroid use (p = 0.12), antiepileptics (p = 0.09), or sex (p = 0.37). Patients with high systemic exposure had significantly longer PFS (6.7 vs 1.8 months, p = 0.009). Baseline acidity by pH-weighted CEST MRI correlated significantly with treatment duration (R2 = 0.49, p = 0.017). Non-enhancing infiltrative disease with high acidity gave rise to recurrence. CONCLUSIONS PT2385 monotherapy had limited activity in first recurrent GBM. Drug exposure was variable. Signals of activity were observed in GBM patients with high systemic exposure and acidic lesions on CEST imaging. A second-generation HIF2α inhibitor is being studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Strowd
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 1 Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC, 27104, USA.
| | | | | | - Jingwen Yao
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Arati Desai
- University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - L Burt Nabors
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Xiaobu Ye
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Stuart Grossman
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Abstract
The origin of eukaryotic organisms involved the integration of mitochondria into the ancestor cell, with a massive gene transfer from the original proteobacterium to the host nucleus. Thus, mitochondrial performance relies on a mosaic of nuclear gene products from a variety of genomes. The concerted regulation of their synthesis is necessary for metabolic housekeeping and stress response. This governance involves crosstalk between mitochondrial, cytoplasmic, and nuclear factors. While anterograde and retrograde regulation preserve mitochondrial homeostasis, the mitochondria can modulate a wide set of nuclear genes in response to an extensive variety of conditions, whose response mechanisms often merge. In this review, we summarise how mitochondrial metabolites and proteins-encoded either in the nucleus or in the organelle-target the cell nucleus and exert different actions modulating gene expression and the chromatin state, or even causing DNA fragmentation in response to common stress conditions, such as hypoxia, oxidative stress, unfolded protein stress, and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuska González-Arzola
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa—CABIMER, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas—Universidad de Sevilla—Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41092 Seville, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Díaz-Quintana
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas—cicCartuja, Universidad de Sevilla—C.S.I.C, 41092 Seville, Spain
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14
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Yasuoka Y, Izumi Y, Sands JM, Kawahara K, Nonoguchi H. Progress in the Detection of Erythropoietin in Blood, Urine, and Tissue. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114446. [PMID: 37298922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Detection of erythropoietin (Epo) was difficult until a method was developed by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). WADA recommended the Western blot technique using isoelectric focusing (IEF)-PAGE to show that natural Epo and injected erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) appear in different pH areas. Next, they used sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate (SAR)-PAGE for better differentiation of pegylated proteins, such as epoetin β pegol. Although WADA has recommended the use of pre-purification of samples, we developed a simple Western blotting method without pre-purification of samples. Instead of pre-purification, we used deglycosylation of samples before SDS-PAGE. The double detection of glycosylated and deglycosylated Epo bands increases the reliability of the detection of Epo protein. All of the endogenous Epo and exogenous ESAs shift to 22 kDa, except for Peg-bound epoetin β pegol. All endogenous Epo and exogenous ESAs were detected as 22 kDa deglycosylated Epo by liquid chromatography/mass spectrum (LC/MS) analysis. The most important factor for the detection of Epo is the selection of the antibody against Epo. WADA recommended clone AE7A5, and we used sc-9620. Both antibodies are useful for the detection of Epo protein by Western blotting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Yasuoka
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Izumi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Jeff M Sands
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 1639 Pierce Drive, WMB Room 3313, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Katsumasa Kawahara
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nonoguchi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Japan
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15
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Ong HT, Prêle CM, Dilley RJ. Using RNA-seq to identify suitable housekeeping genes for hypoxia studies in human adipose-derived stem cells. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:16. [PMID: 37062833 PMCID: PMC10108514 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-023-00475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxic culture conditions have been used to study the impact of oxygen deprivation has on gene expression in a number of disease models. However, hypoxia response elements present in the promoter regions of some commonly used housekeeping genes, such as GAPDH and PGK1, can confound the relative gene expression analysis. Thus, there is ongoing debate as to which housekeeping gene is appropriate for studies investigating hypoxia-induced cell responses. Specifically, there is still contradicting information for which housekeeping genes are stable in hypoxia cultures of mesenchymal stem cells. In this study, candidate housekeeping genes curated from the literature were matched to RNAseq data of normoxic and hypoxic human adipose-derived stem cell cultures to determine if gene expression was modulated by hypoxia or not. Expression levels of selected candidates were used to calculate coefficient of variation. Then, accounting for the mean coefficient of variation, and normalised log twofold change, genes were ranked and shortlisted, before validating with qRT-PCR. Housekeeping gene suitability were then determined using GeNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, comparative[Formula: see text], RefFinder, and the Livak method. RESULTS Gene expression levels of 78 candidate genes identified in the literature were analysed in the RNAseq dataset generated from hADSC cultured under Nx and Hx conditions. From the dataset, 15 candidates with coefficient of variation ≤ 0.15 were identified, where differential expression analysis results further shortlisted 8 genes with least variation in expression levels. The top 4 housekeeping gene candidates, ALAS1, RRP1, GUSB, and POLR2B, were chosen for qRT-PCR validation. Additionally, 18S, a ribosomal RNA commonly used as housekeeping gene but not detected in the RNAseq method, was added to the list of housekeeping gene candidates to validate. From qRT-PCR results, 18S and RRP1 were determined to be stably expressed in cells cultured under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that 18S and RRP1 are suitable housekeeping genes for use in hypoxia studies with human adipose-derived stem cell and should be used in combination. Additionally, these data shown that the commonly used GAPDH and PGK1 are not suitable housekeeping genes for investigations into the effect of hypoxia in human adipose-derived stem cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Ting Ong
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
- Ear Sciences Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Cecilia M Prêle
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Ear Sciences Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Institute for Respiratory Health, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Discipline of Medical, Molecular and Forensic Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rodney J Dilley
- Ear Science Institute Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Ear Sciences Centre, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
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Mendoza SV, Genetos DC, Yellowley CE. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α Signaling in the Skeletal System. JBMR Plus 2023; 7:e10733. [PMID: 37065626 PMCID: PMC10097641 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are oxygen-dependent heterodimeric transcription factors that mediate molecular responses to reductions in cellular oxygen (hypoxia). HIF signaling involves stable HIF-β subunits and labile, oxygen-sensitive HIF-α subunits. Under hypoxic conditions, the HIF-α subunit is stabilized, complexes with nucleus-confined HIF-β subunit, and transcriptionally regulates hypoxia-adaptive genes. Transcriptional responses to hypoxia include altered energy metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, and cell fate. Three isoforms of HIF-α-HIF-1α, HIF-2α, and HIF-3α-are found in diverse cell types. HIF-1α and HIF-2α serve as transcriptional activators, whereas HIF-3α restricts HIF-1α and HIF-2α. The structure and isoform-specific functions of HIF-1α in mediating molecular responses to hypoxia are well established across a wide range of cell and tissue types. The contributions of HIF-2α to hypoxic adaptation are often unconsidered if not outrightly attributed to HIF-1α. This review establishes what is currently known about the diverse roles of HIF-2α in mediating the hypoxic response in skeletal tissues, with specific focus on development and maintenance of skeletal fitness. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah V Mendoza
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavisCAUSA
| | - Damian C Genetos
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavisCAUSA
| | - Clare E Yellowley
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California, DavisDavisCAUSA
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Bozzini N, Avnet S, Baldini N, Cortini M. Epigenetic Regulation Mediated by Sphingolipids in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5294. [PMID: 36982369 PMCID: PMC10048860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic changes are heritable modifications that do not directly affect the DNA sequence. In cancer cells, the maintenance of a stable epigenetic profile can be crucial to support survival and proliferation, and said profile can differ significantly from that of healthy cells. The epigenetic profile of a cancer cell can be modulated by several factors, including metabolites. Recently, sphingolipids have emerged as novel modulators of epigenetic changes. Ceramide and sphingosine 1-phosphate have become well known in cancer due to activating anti-tumour and pro-tumour signalling pathways, respectively, and they have recently been shown to also induce several epigenetic modifications connected to cancer growth. Additionally, acellular factors in the tumour microenvironment, such as hypoxia and acidosis, are now recognised as crucial in promoting aggressiveness through several mechanisms, including epigenetic modifications. Here, we review the existing literature on sphingolipids, cancer, and epigenetic changes, with a focus on the interaction between these elements and components of the chemical tumour microenvironment.
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18
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Liu J, Yang F, Waheed Y, Li S, Liu K, Zhou X. The role of roxadustat in chronic kidney disease patients complicated with anemia. Korean J Intern Med 2023; 38:147-156. [PMID: 36588451 PMCID: PMC9993099 DOI: 10.3904/kjim.2022.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing worldwide and the current prevalence rate is 13.4%. There are > 120 million CKD patients in China and this number is expected to increase. One of the main abnormalities in patients with CKD and kidney impairment is decreased synthesis of erythropoietin (EPO), which causes anemia and affects iron metabolism. The probability of developing is higher in anemia patients with CKD than in the general population, and the incidence increases as kidney function decreases. Deficient EPO production by the kidney is the most important cause of renal anemia. Notably, anemia in patients with CKD has multiple causes, such as bleeding caused by platelet dysfunction, iron deficiency due to digestive and absorption disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and shorter red blood cell life. Anemia is also a leading cause of hospitalization in patients with CKD. A new oral medication to treat renal anemia, the hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor called roxadustat (FG-4592), regulates iron metabolism and promotes erythropoiesis. This drug has a therapeutic effect on patients with CKD. Roxadustat showed advantages over EPO in clinical experiments. This review summarizes the mechanisms of action, clinical applications, effectiveness, and safety of roxadustat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou,
China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Aerospace General Hospital, Beijing,
China
| | - Yousuf Waheed
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou,
China
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou,
China
| | - Kun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou,
China
| | - Xinglei Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou,
China
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Powell BH, Turchinovich A, Wang Y, Gololobova O, Buschmann D, Zeiger MA, Umbricht CB, Witwer KW. miR-210 Expression Is Strongly Hypoxia-Induced in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cell Lines and Is Associated with Extracellular Vesicles and Argonaute-2. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054507. [PMID: 36901936 PMCID: PMC10002857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, or low oxygen tension, is frequently found in highly proliferative solid tumors such as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) and is believed to promote resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. Identifying hypoxic cells for targeted therapy may thus be an effective approach to treating aggressive cancers. Here, we explore the potential of the well-known hypoxia-responsive microRNA (miRNA) miR-210-3p as a cellular and extracellular biological marker of hypoxia. We compare miRNA expression across several ATC and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cell lines. In the ATC cell line SW1736, miR-210-3p expression levels indicate hypoxia during exposure to low oxygen conditions (2% O2). Furthermore, when released by SW1736 cells into the extracellular space, miR-210-3p is associated with RNA carriers such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) and Argonaute-2 (AGO2), making it a potential extracellular marker for hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonita H. Powell
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Andrey Turchinovich
- Division of Cancer Genome Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Heidelberg Biolabs GmbH, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yongchun Wang
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Olesia Gololobova
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dominik Buschmann
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Martha A. Zeiger
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Christopher B. Umbricht
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kenneth W. Witwer
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-410-955-9770
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Chen Z, Han F, Du Y, Shi H, Zhou W. Hypoxic microenvironment in cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:70. [PMID: 36797231 PMCID: PMC9935926 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Having a hypoxic microenvironment is a common and salient feature of most solid tumors. Hypoxia has a profound effect on the biological behavior and malignant phenotype of cancer cells, mediates the effects of cancer chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy through complex mechanisms, and is closely associated with poor prognosis in various cancer patients. Accumulating studies have demonstrated that through normalization of the tumor vasculature, nanoparticle carriers and biocarriers can effectively increase the oxygen concentration in the tumor microenvironment, improve drug delivery and the efficacy of radiotherapy. They also increase infiltration of innate and adaptive anti-tumor immune cells to enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. Furthermore, drugs targeting key genes associated with hypoxia, including hypoxia tracers, hypoxia-activated prodrugs, and drugs targeting hypoxia-inducible factors and downstream targets, can be used for visualization and quantitative analysis of tumor hypoxia and antitumor activity. However, the relationship between hypoxia and cancer is an area of research that requires further exploration. Here, we investigated the potential factors in the development of hypoxia in cancer, changes in signaling pathways that occur in cancer cells to adapt to hypoxic environments, the mechanisms of hypoxia-induced cancer immune tolerance, chemotherapeutic tolerance, and enhanced radiation tolerance, as well as the insights and applications of hypoxia in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fangfang Han
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.,The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yan Du
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Huaqing Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wence Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China. .,Lanzhou University Sencond Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China.
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21
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Pappas G, Wilkinson ML, Gow AJ. Nitric oxide regulation of cellular metabolism: Adaptive tuning of cellular energy. Nitric Oxide 2023; 131:8-17. [PMID: 36470373 PMCID: PMC9839556 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide can interact with a wide range of proteins including many that are involved in metabolism. In this review we have summarized the effects of NO on glycolysis, fatty acid metabolism, the TCA cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation with reference to skeletal muscle. Low to moderate NO concentrations upregulate glucose and fatty acid oxidation, while higher NO concentrations shift cellular reliance toward a fully glycolytic phenotype. Moderate NO production directly inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, reducing glucose-derived carbon entry into the TCA cycle and subsequently increasing anaploretic reactions. NO directly inhibits aconitase activity, increasing reliance on glutamine for continued energy production. At higher or prolonged NO exposure, citrate accumulation can inhibit multiple ATP-producing pathways. Reduced TCA flux slows NADH/FADH entry into the ETC. NO can also inhibit the ETC directly, further limiting oxidative phosphorylation. Moderate NO production improves mitochondrial efficiency while improving O2 utilization increasing whole-body energy production. Long-term bioenergetic capacity may be increased because of NO-derived ROS, which participate in adaptive cellular redox signaling through AMPK, PCG1-α, HIF-1, and NF-κB. However, prolonged exposure or high concentrations of NO can result in membrane depolarization and opening of the MPT. In this way NO may serve as a biochemical rheostat matching energy supply with demand for optimal respiratory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Pappas
- Department of Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, NJ, 08854, USA.
| | - Melissa L Wilkinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, NJ, 08854, USA.
| | - Andrew J Gow
- Department of Kinesiology & Applied Physiology, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, NJ, 08854, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, NJ, 08854, USA.
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22
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Zeng Y, Huang C, Duan D, Lou A, Guo Y, Xiao T, Wei J, Liu S, Wang Z, Yang Q, Zhou L, Wu Z, Wang L. Injectable temperature-sensitive hydrogel system incorporating deferoxamine-loaded microspheres promotes H-type blood vessel-related bone repair of a critical size femoral defect. Acta Biomater 2022; 153:108-123. [PMID: 36115651 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Insufficient vascularization is a major challenge in the repair of critical-sized bone defects. Deferoxamine (DFO) has been reported to play a potential role in promoting the formation of H-type blood vessels, a specialized vascular subtype with coupled angiogenesis and osteogenesis. However, whether DFO promotes the expression of H-type vessels in critical femoral defects with complete periosteal damage remains unknown. Moreover, stable drug loading systems need to be designed owing to the short half-life and high-dose toxic effects of DFO. In this study, we developed an injectable DFO-gelatin microspheres (GMs) hydrogel complex as a stable drug loading system for the treatment of critical femoral defects in rats. Our results showed that sustained release of DFO in critical femoral defects stimulated the generation of functional H-type vessels. The DFO-GMs hydrogel complex effectively promoted proliferation, formation, and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. In vivo, the application of the DFO-GMs hydrogel complex expanded the distribution range and prolonged the expression time of H-type vessels in the defect area and was positively correlated with the number of osterix+ cells and new bone tissue. Topical application of the HIF-1α inhibitor PX-478 partially blocked the stimulation of H-type vessels by DFO, whereas the osteogenic potential of the latter was also weakened. Our results extended the local application of DFO and provided a theoretical basis for targeting H-type vessels to treat large femoral defects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Abundant functional blood vessels are essential for bone repair. The H-type blood vessel is a functional subtype with angiogenesis and osteogenesis coupling potential. A drug loading system with long-term controlled release was first used to investigate the formation of H-type blood vessels in critical femoral defects and promotion of bone repair. Our results showed that the application of DFO-GMs hydrogel complex expanded the distribution range and expression time of H-type vessels, and was positively correlated with the number of osteoblasts and volume of new bone tissue. These results expanded the local application approach of DFO and provide a theoretical basis for targeting H-type vessels to treat large femoral defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Zeng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Chuang Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Dongming Duan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Aiju Lou
- Department of Rheumatology, Liwan Central Hospital of Guangzhou, 35 Liwan Road, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Yuan Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Tianhua Xiao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Jianguo Wei
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Qihao Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China.
| | - Zenghui Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China.
| | - Le Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spine Disease Prevention and Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou 510150, China.
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23
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Chen H, Ma D, Yue F, Qi Y, Dou M, Cui L, Xing Y. The Potential Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 in the Progression and Therapy of Central Nervous System Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1651-1666. [PMID: 34325641 PMCID: PMC9881070 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210729123137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a heterodimer protein composed of an oxygenregulated functional subunit, HIF-1α, and a structural subunit, HIF-1β, belonging to the basic helixloop- helix family. Strict regulation of HIF-1 protein stability and subsequent transcriptional activity involves various molecular interactions and is primarily controlled by post-transcriptional modifications. Hypoxia, owing to impaired cerebral blood flow, has been implicated in a range of central nervous system (CNS) diseases by exerting a deleterious effect on brain function. As a master oxygen- sensitive transcription regulator, HIF-1 is responsible for upregulating a wide spectrum of target genes involved in glucose metabolism, angiogenesis, and erythropoiesis to generate the adaptive response to avoid, or at least minimize, hypoxic brain injury. However, prolonged, severe oxygen deprivation may directly contribute to the role-conversion of HIF-1, namely, from neuroprotection to the promotion of cell death. Currently, an increasing number of studies support the fact HIF-1 is involved in a variety of CNS-related diseases, such as intracranial atherosclerosis, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review article chiefly focuses on the effect of HIF-1 on the pathogenesis and mechanism of progression of numerous CNS-related disorders by mediating the expression of various downstream genes and extensive biological functional events and presents robust evidence that HIF-1 may represent a potential therapeutic target for CNS-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiu Chen
- Department of Vascular Ultrasonography, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; ,Beijing Diagnostic Center of Vascular Ultrasound, Beijing, China; ,Center of Vascular Ultrasonography, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China; ,Hongxiu Chen and Di Ma contributed equally to this work.
| | - Di Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China,Hongxiu Chen and Di Ma contributed equally to this work.
| | - Feixue Yue
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yajie Qi
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Manman Dou
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liuping Cui
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingqi Xing
- Department of Vascular Ultrasonography, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; ,Beijing Diagnostic Center of Vascular Ultrasound, Beijing, China; ,Center of Vascular Ultrasonography, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, 45 Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China; ,Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Vascular Ultrasonography, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Diagnostic Center of Vascular Ultrasound, Center of Vascular Ultrasonography, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, 45 Changchun Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100053, China; E-mail: This work is recommended by Pro Jiachun Feng, The First Hospital of Jilin University.
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24
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Henning Y, Blind US, Larafa S, Matschke J, Fandrey J. Hypoxia aggravates ferroptosis in RPE cells by promoting the Fenton reaction. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:662. [PMID: 35906211 PMCID: PMC9338085 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05121-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and hypoxia in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) have long been considered major risk factors in the pathophysiology of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but systematic investigation of the interplay between these two risk factors was lacking. For this purpose, we treated a human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) with sodium iodate (SI), an oxidative stress agent, together with dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) which leads to stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), key regulators of cellular adaptation to hypoxic conditions. We found that HIF stabilization aggravated oxidative stress-induced cell death by SI and iron-dependent ferroptosis was identified as the main cell death mechanism. Ferroptotic cell death depends on the Fenton reaction where H2O2 and iron react to generate hydroxyl radicals which trigger lipid peroxidation. Our findings clearly provide evidence for superoxide dismutase (SOD) driven H2O2 production fostering the Fenton reaction as indicated by triggered SOD activity upon DMOG + SI treatment as well as by reduced cell death levels upon SOD2 knockdown. In addition, iron transporters involved in non-transferrin-bound Fe2+ import as well as intracellular iron levels were also upregulated. Consequently, chelation of Fe2+ by 2'2-Bipyridyl completely rescued cells. Taken together, we show for the first time that HIF stabilization under oxidative stress conditions aggravates ferroptotic cell death in RPE cells. Thus, our study provides a novel link between hypoxia, oxidative stress and iron metabolism in AMD pathophysiology. Since iron accumulation and altered iron metabolism are characteristic features of AMD retinas and RPE cells, our cell culture model is suitable for high-throughput screening of new treatment approaches against AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Henning
- grid.410718.b0000 0001 0262 7331Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ursula Sarah Blind
- grid.410718.b0000 0001 0262 7331Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Safa Larafa
- grid.410718.b0000 0001 0262 7331Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johann Matschke
- grid.410718.b0000 0001 0262 7331Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim Fandrey
- grid.410718.b0000 0001 0262 7331Institute of Physiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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25
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Lintel H, Abbas DB, Lavin CV, Griffin M, Guo JL, Guardino N, Churukian A, Gurtner GC, Momeni A, Longaker MT, Wan DC. Transdermal deferoxamine administration improves excisional wound healing in chronically irradiated murine skin. J Transl Med 2022; 20:274. [PMID: 35715816 PMCID: PMC9205074 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03479-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation-induced skin injury is a well-known risk factor for impaired wound healing. Over time, the deleterious effects of radiation on skin produce a fibrotic, hypovascular dermis poorly suited to wound healing. Despite increasing understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, therapeutic options remain elusive. Deferoxamine (DFO), an iron-chelating drug, has been shown in prior murine studies to ameliorate radiation-induced skin injury as well as improve wound healing outcomes in various pathologic conditions when administered transdermally. In this preclinical study, we evaluated the effects of deferoxamine on wound healing outcomes in chronically irradiated murine skin. METHODS Wild-type mice received 30 Gy of irradiation to their dorsal skin and were left to develop chronic fibrosis. Stented excisional wounds were created on their dorsal skin. Wound healing outcomes were compared across 4 experimental conditions: DFO patch treatment, vehicle-only patch treatment, untreated irradiated wound, and untreated nonirradiated wounds. Gross closure rate, wound perfusion, scar elasticity, histology, and nitric oxide assays were compared across the conditions. RESULTS Relative to vehicle and untreated irradiated wounds, DFO accelerated wound closure and reduced the frequency of healing failure in irradiated wounds. DFO augmented wound perfusion throughout healing and upregulated angiogenesis to levels observed in nonirradiated wounds. Histology revealed DFO increased wound thickness, collagen density, and improved collagen fiber organization to more closely resemble nonirradiated wounds, likely contributing to the observed improved scar elasticity. Lastly, DFO upregulated inducible nitric oxide synthase and increased nitric oxide production in early healing wounds. CONCLUSION Deferoxamine treatment presents a potential therapeutic avenue through which to target impaired wound healing in patients following radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Lintel
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Darren B Abbas
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christopher V Lavin
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle Griffin
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jason L Guo
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Guardino
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Churukian
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Arash Momeni
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michael T Longaker
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Derrick C Wan
- Hagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Hagey Family Faculty Scholar in Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 257 Campus Drive West, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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26
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Aventaggiato M, Barreca F, Sansone L, Pellegrini L, Russo MA, Cordani M, Tafani M. Sirtuins and Hypoxia in EMT Control. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:737. [PMID: 35745656 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a physiological process during embryogenesis, can become pathological in the presence of different driving forces. Reduced oxygen tension or hypoxia is one of these forces, triggering a large number of molecular pathways with aberrant EMT induction, resulting in cancer and fibrosis onset. Both hypoxia-induced factors, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, act as master transcription factors implicated in EMT. On the other hand, hypoxia-dependent HIF-independent EMT has also been described. Recently, a new class of seven proteins with deacylase activity, called sirtuins, have been implicated in the control of both hypoxia responses, HIF-1α and HIF-2α activation, as well as EMT induction. Intriguingly, different sirtuins have different effects on hypoxia and EMT, acting as either activators or inhibitors, depending on the tissue and cell type. Interestingly, sirtuins and HIF can be activated or inhibited with natural or synthetic molecules. Moreover, recent studies have shown that these natural or synthetic molecules can be better conveyed using nanoparticles, representing a valid strategy for EMT modulation. The following review, by detailing the aspects listed above, summarizes the interplay between hypoxia, sirtuins, and EMT, as well as the possible strategies to modulate them by using a nanoparticle-based approach.
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27
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Singh AK, Cizman B, Carroll K, McMurray JJV, Perkovic V, Jha V, Johansen KL, Lopes RD, Macdougall IC, Obrador GT, Waikar SS, Wanner C, Wheeler DC, Wiecek A, Stankus N, Strutz F, Blackorby A, Cobitz AR, Meadowcroft AM, Paul G, Ranganathan P, Sedani S, Solomon S. Efficacy and Safety of Daprodustat for Treatment of Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease in Incident Dialysis Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med 2022; 182:592-602. [PMID: 35377393 PMCID: PMC8981070 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.0605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Daprodustat, a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor, is being evaluated as an oral alternative to conventional erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) therapy. Few studies of anemia treatment in an incident dialysis (ID) population have been reported. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy and safety of daprodustat vs darbepoetin alfa in treating anemia of chronic kidney disease in ID patients. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective, randomized, open-label clinical trial was conducted from May 11, 2017, through September 24, 2020, in 90 centers across 14 countries. Patients with advanced CKD were eligible if they planned to start dialysis within 6 weeks from screening or had started and received hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) within 90 days before randomization, had a screening hemoglobin (Hb) concentration of 8.0 to 10.5 g/dL (to convert to grams per liter, multiply by 10) and a randomization Hb of 8.0 to 11.0 g/dL, were ESA-naive or had received limited ESA treatment, and were iron-replete. INTERVENTIONS Randomized 1:1 to daprodustat or darbepoetin alfa. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary analysis in the intent-to-treat population evaluated the mean change in Hb concentration from baseline to evaluation period (weeks 28-52) to assess noninferiority of daprodustat vs darbepoetin alfa (noninferiority margin, -0.75 g/dL). The mean monthly intravenous (IV) iron dose from baseline to week 52 was the principal secondary end point. Rates of treatment-emergent and serious adverse events (AEs) were also compared between treatment groups to assess safety and tolerability. RESULTS A total of 312 patients (median [IQR] age, 55 [45-65] years; 194 [62%] male) were randomized to either daprodustat (157 patients; median [IQR] age, 52.0 [45-63] years; 96 [61%] male) or darbepoetin alfa (155 patients; median [IQR] age, 56.0 [45-67] years; 98 [63%] male); 306 patients (98%) completed the trial. The mean (SD) Hb concentration during the evaluation period was 10.5 (1.0) g/dL for the daprodustat and 10.6 (0.9) g/dL for the darbepoetin alfa group, with an adjusted mean treatment difference of -0.10 g/dL (95% CI, -0.34 to 0.14 g/dL), indicating noninferiority. There was a reduction in mean monthly IV iron use from baseline to week 52 in both treatment groups; however, daprodustat was not superior compared with darbepoetin alfa in reducing monthly IV iron use (adjusted mean treatment difference, 19.4 mg [95% CI, -11.0 to 49.9 mg]). Adverse event rates were 76% for daprodustat vs 72% for darbepoetin alfa. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This randomized clinical trial found that daprodustat was noninferior to darbepoetin alfa in treating anemia of CKD and may represent a potential oral alternative to a conventional ESA in the ID population. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03029208.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay K Singh
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, Glasgow University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Vlado Perkovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vivekanand Jha
- George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India.,School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom.,Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Renato D Lopes
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke Health, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | | | - Sushrut S Waikar
- School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.,Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christoph Wanner
- Division of Nephrology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - David C Wheeler
- Department of Renal Medicine, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicole Stankus
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Frank Strutz
- DKD Helios Klinik Wiesbaden, KfH und Nierenzentrum-Rheumatologie Wiesbaden, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Scott Solomon
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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28
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Yang Z, Zhang C, Liu X, Che N, Feng Y, Xuan Y. SETD5 Regulates Glycolysis in Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells and Fuels Tumor Growth. Am J Pathol 2022; 192:712-21. [PMID: 35063407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although glycolysis plays a pivotal role in breast cancer stem-like cell (BCSC) reprogramming, the molecular mechanisms that couple glycolysis to cancer stem-like cells remain unclear. SETD5 is a previously uncharacterized member of the histone lysine methyltransferase family. The goal of this study was to explore the mechanisms underlying the promotion of stem-like and glycolysis activation traits by SETD5. Previous studies have shown that overexpression of SETD5 in breast cancer tissues is associated positively with progression. The present study showed that SETD5 expression was enriched in BCSCs. Down-regulation of SETD5 significantly decreased BCSC properties and glycolysis in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, SETD5 and glycolytic enzymes were accumulated in the central hypoxic regions of subcutaneous tumor tissues. Bioinformatic analysis predicted SETD5 binding to E1A binding protein p300 (EP300), and subsequently to hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α). The mechanistic study found that SETD5 is an upstream effector of EP300/HIF-1α. SETD5 knockdown reduced the expression of HIF-1α, hexokinase-2, and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase in the nucleus after treatment with cobalt chloride, a chemical hypoxia mimetic agent that activates HIF-1α to accumulate in the nucleus. Therefore, SETD5 is required for glycolysis in BCSCs through binding to EP300/HIF-1α and could be a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer patients.
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Li X, Li Y, Wang Y, Liu F, Liu Y, Liang J, Zhan R, Wu Y, Ren H, Zhang X, Liu J. Sinensetin suppresses angiogenesis in liver cancer by targeting the VEGF/VEGFR2/AKT signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:360. [PMID: 35493423 PMCID: PMC9019764 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sinensetin (SIN) is a polymethoxy flavone primarily present in citrus fruits. This compound has demonstrated anticancer activity. However, the underlying mechanism of its action has not been fully understood. The present study investigated the impact of SIN on angiogenesis in a liver cancer model. In a murine xenograft tumor model, SIN inhibited the growth of HepG2/C3A human liver hepatoma cell-derived tumors and reduced the expression levels of platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 and VEGF. In HepG2/C3A cells, SIN repressed VEGF expression by downregulating hypoxia-inducible factor expression. In cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, SIN increased apoptosis and repressed migration and tube formation. In addition, SIN decreased the phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and inhibited the AKT signaling pathway. Molecular docking demonstrated that the VEGFR2 core domain effectively combined with SIN at various important residues. Collectively, these data suggested that SIN inhibited liver cancer angiogenesis by regulating VEGF/VEGFR2/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaο Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Fuhong Liu
- Laboratory of Microvascular Medicine, Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Jiangjiu Liang
- Department of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Rucai Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - He Ren
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Xiuyuan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Ju Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shangdong 250355, P.R. China
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Davis L, Recktenwald M, Hutt E, Fuller S, Briggs M, Goel A, Daringer N. Targeting HIF-2α in the Tumor Microenvironment: Redefining the Role of HIF-2α for Solid Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1259. [PMID: 35267567 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadequate oxygen supply, or hypoxia, is characteristic of the tumor microenvironment and correlates with poor prognosis and therapeutic resistance. Hypoxia leads to the activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling pathway and stabilization of the HIF-α subunit, driving tumor progression. The homologous alpha subunits, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, are responsible for mediating the transcription of a multitude of critical proteins that control proliferation, angiogenic signaling, metastasis, and other oncogenic factors, both differentially and sequentially regulating the hypoxic response. Post-translational modifications of HIF play a central role in its behavior as a mediator of transcription, as well as the temporal transition from HIF-1α to HIF-2α that occurs in response to chronic hypoxia. While it is evident that HIF-α is highly dynamic, HIF-2α remains vastly under-considered. HIF-2α can intensify the behaviors of the most aggressive tumors by adapting the cell to oxidative stress, thereby promoting metastasis, tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, and upregulating cancer stem cell factors. The structure, function, hypoxic response, spatiotemporal dynamics, and roles in the progression and persistence of cancer of this HIF-2α molecule and its EPAS1 gene are highlighted in this review, alongside a discussion of current therapeutics and future directions.
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Yasuoka Y, Izumi Y, Fukuyama T, Omiya H, Pham TD, Inoue H, Oshima T, Yamazaki T, Uematsu T, Kobayashi N, Shimada Y, Nagaba Y, Yamashita T, Mukoyama M, Sato Y, Wall SM, Sands JM, Takahashi N, Kawahara K, Nonoguchi H. Effects of Roxadustat on Erythropoietin Production in the Rat Body. Molecules 2022; 27:1119. [PMID: 35164384 PMCID: PMC8838165 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anemia is a major complication of chronic renal failure. To treat this anemia, prolylhydroxylase domain enzyme (PHD) inhibitors as well as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) have been used. Although PHD inhibitors rapidly stimulate erythropoietin (Epo) production, the precise sites of Epo production following the administration of these drugs have not been identified. We developed a novel method for the detection of the Epo protein that employs deglycosylation-coupled Western blotting. With protein deglycosylation, tissue Epo contents can be quantified over an extremely wide range. Using this method, we examined the effects of the PHD inhibitor, Roxadustat (ROX), and severe hypoxia on Epo production in various tissues in rats. We observed that ROX increased Epo mRNA expression in both the kidneys and liver. However, Epo protein was detected in the kidneys but not in the liver. Epo protein was also detected in the salivary glands, spleen, epididymis and ovaries. However, both PHD inhibitors (ROX) and severe hypoxia increased the Epo protein abundance only in the kidneys. These data show that, while Epo is produced in many tissues, PHD inhibitors as well as severe hypoxia regulate Epo production only in the kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Yasuoka
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.Y.); (T.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Yuichiro Izumi
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Kumamoto, Japan; (Y.I.); (H.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Takashi Fukuyama
- Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (T.F.); (T.Y.); (T.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Haruki Omiya
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan; (H.O.); (T.Y.)
| | - Truyen D. Pham
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 1639 Pierce Drive, WMB Room 3313, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (T.D.P.); (S.M.W.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Hideki Inoue
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Kumamoto, Japan; (Y.I.); (H.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Tomomi Oshima
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.Y.); (T.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Taiga Yamazaki
- Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (T.F.); (T.Y.); (T.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Takayuki Uematsu
- Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (T.F.); (T.Y.); (T.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Noritada Kobayashi
- Division of Biomedical Research, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (T.F.); (T.Y.); (T.U.); (N.K.)
| | - Yoshitaka Shimada
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (Y.S.); (Y.N.)
| | - Yasushi Nagaba
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (Y.S.); (Y.N.)
| | - Tetsuro Yamashita
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka 020-8550, Iwate, Japan; (H.O.); (T.Y.)
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Kumamoto, Japan; (Y.I.); (H.I.); (M.M.)
| | - Yuichi Sato
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Sagamihara 252-0373, Kanagawa, Japan;
| | - Susan M. Wall
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 1639 Pierce Drive, WMB Room 3313, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (T.D.P.); (S.M.W.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Jeff M. Sands
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 1639 Pierce Drive, WMB Room 3313, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA; (T.D.P.); (S.M.W.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Noriko Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.Y.); (T.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Katsumasa Kawahara
- Department of Physiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0374, Kanagawa, Japan; (Y.Y.); (T.O.); (N.T.); (K.K.)
| | - Hiroshi Nonoguchi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Kitasato University Medical Center, 6-100 Arai, Kitamoto 364-8501, Saitama, Japan; (Y.S.); (Y.N.)
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Henry DH, Glaspy J, Harrup R, Mittelman M, Zhou A, Carraway HE, Bradley C, Saha G, Modelska K, Bartels P, Leong R, Yu KP. Roxadustat for the treatment of anemia in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndrome: Open-label, dose-selection, lead-in stage of a phase 3 study. Am J Hematol 2022; 97:174-184. [PMID: 34724251 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.26397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Anemia is the predominant cytopenia in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and treatment options are limited. Roxadustat is a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor approved for the treatment of anemia of chronic kidney disease in the UK, EU, China, Japan, South Korea, and Chile. MATTERHORN is a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy and safety of roxadustat in anemia of lower risk-MDS. Eligible patients had baseline serum erythropoietin ≤ 400 mIU/mL, and a low packed RBC transfusion burden. In this open-label (OL), dose-selection, lead-in phase, enrolled patients were assigned to 1 of 3 roxadustat starting doses (n = 8 each): 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5 mg/kg. The primary efficacy endpoint of the OL phase was the proportion of patients with transfusion independence (TI) for ≥ 8 consecutive weeks in the first 28 treatment weeks. A secondary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients with a ≥ 50% reduction in RBC transfusions over an 8-week period compared with baseline. Adverse events were monitored. Patients were followed for 52 weeks. Of the 24 treated patients, TI was achieved in 9 patients (37.5%) at 28 and 52 weeks; 7 of these patients were receiving 2.5 mg/kg dose when TI was achieved. A ≥ 50% reduction in RBC transfusions was achieved in 54.2% and 58.3% of patients at 28 and 52 weeks, respectively. Oral roxadustat dosed thrice weekly was well tolerated. There were no fatalities or progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Based on these outcomes, 2.5 mg/kg was the chosen starting roxadustat dose for the ongoing double-blind study phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H. Henry
- Pennsylvania Hospital University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | | | | | - Moshe Mittelman
- Tel‐Aviv Sourasky Medical Center Tel‐Aviv University Tel‐Aviv Israel
| | - Amy Zhou
- Washington University School of Medicine Saint Louis Missouri USA
| | - Hetty E. Carraway
- Leukemia Program, Taussig Cancer Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio USA
| | | | - Gopal Saha
- FibroGen Inc San Francisco California USA
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Wong JJY, Varga BV, Káradóttir RT, Hall EAH. Electrochemically induced in vitro focal hypoxia in human neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:968341. [PMID: 36247014 PMCID: PMC9555746 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.968341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Focalised hypoxia is widely prevalent in diseases such as stroke, cardiac arrest, and dementia. While in some cases hypoxia improves cellular functions, it mostly induces or exacerbates pathological changes. The lack of methodologies that can simulate focal acute hypoxia, in either animal or cell culture, impedes our understanding of the cellular consequences of hypoxia. To address this gap, an electrochemical localised oxygen scavenging system (eLOS), is reported, providing an innovative platform for spatiotemporal in vitro hypoxia modulation. The electrochemical system is modelled showing O2 flux patterns and localised O2 scavenging and hypoxia regions, as a function of distance from the electrode and surrounding flux barriers, allowing an effective focal hypoxia tool to be designed for in vitro cell culture study. O2 concentration is reduced in an electrochemically defined targeted area from normoxia to hypoxia in about 6 min depending on the O2-flux boundaries. As a result, a cell culture-well was designed, where localised O2 scavenging could be induced. The impact of localised hypoxia was demonstrated on human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) and it was shown that miniature focal hypoxic insults can be induced, that evoke time-dependent HIF-1α transcription factor accumulation. This transcription is "patterned" across the culture according to the electrochemically induced spatiotemporal hypoxia gradient. A basic lacunar infarct model was also developed through the application of eLOS in a purpose designed microfluidic device. Miniature focal hypoxic insults were induced in cellular processes of fully oxygenated cell bodies, such as the axons of human cortical neurons. The results demonstrate experimentally that localised axonal hypoxic stress can lead to significant increase of neuronal death, despite the neurons remaining at normoxia. This suggests that focal hypoxic insult to axons alone is sufficient to impact surrounding neurons and may provide an in vitro model to study the impact of microinfarcts occurring in the deep cerebral white matter, as well as providing a promising tool for wider understanding of acute hypoxic insults with potential to uncover its pathophysiology in multiple diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Y Wong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Balazs V Varga
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elizabeth A H Hall
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Nyamsuren G, Rapp G, Dihazi H, Zeisberg EM, Tampe D, Tampe B, Zeisberg M. PP2A phosphatase inhibition is anti-fibrotic through Ser77 phosphorylation-mediated ARNT/ARNT homodimer formation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24075. [PMID: 34912030 PMCID: PMC8674365 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03523-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) mediates anti-fibrotic activity in kidney and liver through induction of ALK3-receptor expression and subsequently increased Smad1/5/8 signaling. While expression of ARNT can be pharmacologically induced by sub-immunosuppressive doses of FK506 or by GPI1046, its anti-fibrotic activity is only realized when ARNT-ARNT homodimers form, as opposed to formation of ARNT-AHR or ARNT-HIF1α heterodimers. Mechanisms underlying ARNTs dimerization decision to specifically form ARNT–ARNT homodimers and possible cues to specifically induce ARNT homodimerization have been previously unknown. Here, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of the Ser77 residue is critical for ARNT–ARNT homodimer formation and stabilization. We further demonstrate that inhibition of PP2A phosphatase activity by LB100 enhances ARNT–ARNT homodimers both in vivo and in vitro (mouse tubular epithelial cells and human embryonic kidney cells). In murine models of kidney fibrosis, and also of liver fibrosis, combinations of FK506 or GPI1046 (to induce ARNT expression) with LB100 (to enhance ARNT homodimerization) elicit additive anti-fibrotic activities. Our study provides additional evidence for the anti-fibrotic activity of ARNT–ARNT homodimers and reveals Ser77 phosphorylation as a novel pharmacological target to realize the therapeutic potential of increased ARNT transactivation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunsmaa Nyamsuren
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Göttingen University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gregor Rapp
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Göttingen University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hassan Dihazi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Göttingen University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Elisabeth M Zeisberg
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Göttingen University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Robert Koch Street 40, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Desiree Tampe
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Göttingen University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Björn Tampe
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Göttingen University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Michael Zeisberg
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Göttingen University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany. .,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Robert Koch Street 40, Göttingen, Germany.
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Chacon-Barahona JA, Salladay-Perez IA, Lanning NJ. Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcriptomic Analysis Predicts Adenylate Kinase Signatures Contributing to Tumor Progression and Negative Patient Prognosis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120859. [PMID: 34940617 PMCID: PMC8705281 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to detect and respond to hypoxia within a developing tumor appears to be a common feature amongst most cancers. This hypoxic response has many molecular drivers, but none as widely studied as Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1). Recent evidence suggests that HIF-1 biology within lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) may be associated with expression levels of adenylate kinases (AKs). Using LUAD patient transcriptome data, we sought to characterize AK gene signatures related to lung cancer hallmarks, such as hypoxia and metabolic reprogramming, to identify conserved biological themes across LUAD tumor progression. Transcriptomic analysis revealed perturbation of HIF-1 targets to correlate with altered expression of most AKs, with AK4 having the strongest correlation. Enrichment analysis of LUAD tumor AK4 gene signatures predicts signatures involved in pyrimidine, and by extension, nucleotide metabolism across all LUAD tumor stages. To further discriminate potential drivers of LUAD tumor progression within AK4 gene signatures, partial least squares discriminant analysis was used at LUAD stage-stage interfaces, identifying candidate genes that may promote LUAD tumor growth or regression. Collectively, these results characterize regulatory gene networks associated with the expression of all nine human AKs that may contribute to underlying metabolic perturbations within LUAD and reveal potential mechanistic insight into the complementary role of AK4 in LUAD tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Chacon-Barahona
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.C.-B.); (I.A.S.-P.)
| | - Ivan A. Salladay-Perez
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.C.-B.); (I.A.S.-P.)
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 94701, USA
| | - Nathan James Lanning
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA; (J.A.C.-B.); (I.A.S.-P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(323)-343-2092
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Ikeda H, Kakeya H. Targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling with natural products toward cancer chemotherapy. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2021; 74:687-695. [PMID: 34331027 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-021-00451-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells are often exposed to hypoxia because of the lower oxygen supply deep inside the tumor tissues. However, tumor cells survive in these severe conditions by adapting to hypoxic stress through the induction of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling. HIF-1 activation is responsible for the expression of numerous HIF-1 target genes, which are related to cell survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, cancer stemness, and metabolic reprogramming. Therefore, HIF-1 is expected to be a potential pharmacological target for cancer therapy. Small molecules derived from natural products (microbial origin, plant-derived, or marine organisms) have been shown to have unique chemical structures and biological activities, including HIF-1 inhibition. Several studies identified HIF-1 inhibitors from natural products. In this review, we summarize the current HIF-1 signaling inhibitors originating from natural products with a variety of modes of action, mainly focusing on microbial metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ikeda
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kakeya
- Department of System Chemotherapy and Molecular Sciences, Division of Bioinformatics and Chemical Genomics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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Hutami IR, Izawa T, Khurel-Ochir T, Sakamaki T, Iwasa A, Tanaka E. Macrophage Motility in Wound Healing Is Regulated by HIF-1α via S1P Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168992. [PMID: 34445695 PMCID: PMC8396560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the molecular pathways mediating wound healing induce cell migration and localization of cytokines to sites of injury. Macrophages are immune cells that sense and actively respond to disturbances in tissue homeostasis by initiating, and subsequently resolving, inflammation. Hypoxic conditions generated at a wound site also strongly recruit macrophages and affect their function. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α is a transcription factor that contributes to both glycolysis and the induction of inflammatory genes, while also being critical for macrophage activation. For the latter, HIF-1α regulates sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) to affect the migration, activation, differentiation, and polarization of macrophages. Recently, S1P and HIF-1α have received much attention, and various studies have been performed to investigate their roles in initiating and resolving inflammation via macrophages. It is hypothesized that the HIF-1α/S1P/S1P receptor axis is an important determinant of macrophage function under inflammatory conditions and during disease pathogenesis. Therefore, in this review, biological regulation of monocytes/macrophages in response to circulating HIF-1α is summarized, including signaling by S1P/S1P receptors, which have essential roles in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Islamy Rahma Hutami
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang 50112, Indonesia
| | - Takashi Izawa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
- Department of Orthodontics, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8525, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-6691; Fax: +81-88-235-6694
| | - Tsendsuren Khurel-Ochir
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
| | - Takuma Sakamaki
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
| | - Akihiko Iwasa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan; (I.R.H.); (T.K.-O.); (T.S.); (A.I.); (E.T.)
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Satija S, Kaur H, Tambuwala MM, Sharma P, Vyas M, Khurana N, Sharma N, Bakshi HA, Charbe NB, Zacconi FC, Aljabali AA, Nammi S, Dureja H, Singh TG, Gupta G, Dhanjal DS, Dua K, Chellappan DK, Mehta M. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF): Fuel for Cancer Progression. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 14:321-332. [PMID: 33494692 DOI: 10.2174/1874467214666210120154929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia is an integral part of the tumor microenvironment, caused primarily due to rapidly multiplying tumor cells and a lack of proper blood supply. Among the major hypoxic pathways, HIF-1 transcription factor activation is one of the widely investigated pathways in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME). HIF-1 is known to activate several adaptive reactions in response to oxygen deficiency in tumor cells. HIF-1 has two subunits, HIF-1β (constitutive) and HIF-1α (inducible). The HIF-1α expression is largely regulated via various cytokines (through PI3K-ACT-mTOR signals), which involves the cascading of several growth factors and oncogenic cascades. These events lead to the loss of cellular tumor suppressant activity through changes in the level of oxygen via oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent pathways. The significant and crucial role of HIF in cancer progression and its underlying mechanisms have gained much attention lately among the translational researchers in the fields of cancer and biological sciences, which have enabled them to correlate these mechanisms with various other disease modalities. In the present review, we have summarized the key findings related to the role of HIF in the progression of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Satija
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Prabal Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
| | - Manish Vyas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
| | - Neha Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
| | - Hamid A Bakshi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, County Londonderry, BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Nitin B Charbe
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuna McKenna 4860, 7820436 Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Flavia C Zacconi
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Quimica y de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Av. Vicuna McKenna 4860, 7820436 Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alaa A Aljabali
- Yarmouk University - Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Srinivas Nammi
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Thakur G Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India
| | - Daljeet S Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh K Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Meenu Mehta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144411, Punjab, India
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Charytan C, Manllo-Karim R, Martin ER, Steer D, Bernardo M, Dua SL, Moustafa MA, Saha G, Bradley C, Eyassu M, Leong R, Saikali KG, Liu C, Szczech L, Yu KHP. A Randomized Trial of Roxadustat in Anemia of Kidney Failure: SIERRAS Study. Kidney Int Rep 2021; 6:1829-1839. [PMID: 34307977 PMCID: PMC8258588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, standard of care for anemia of end-stage kidney disease, are associated with cardiovascular events. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of roxadustat, an oral hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor that stimulates erythropoiesis. METHODS SIERRAS was a phase 3, randomized, open-label, active-controlled study enrolled adults on dialysis for end-stage kidney disease receiving erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for anemia. Patients were randomized (1:1) to thrice-weekly roxadustat or epoetin alfa. Doses were based on previous epoetin alfa dose and adjusted in the roxadustat arm to maintain hemoglobin at ∼11 g/dl during treatment. Epoetin alfa dosing was adjusted per US package insert. Primary efficacy endpoint was mean hemoglobin (g/dl) change from baseline averaged over weeks 28 to 52. Treatment-emergent adverse events were monitored. RESULTS Enrolled patients (roxadustat, n = 370 and epoetin alfa, n = 371) had similar mean (SD) baseline hemoglobin levels (10.30 [0.66] g/dl). Mean (SD) hemoglobin changes for weeks 28 to 52 were 0.39 (0.93) and -0.09 (0.84) in roxadustat and epoetin alfa, respectively. Roxadustat was noninferior (least squares mean difference: 0.48 [95% confidence interval: 0.37, 0.59]; P < 0.001) to epoetin alfa. Tolerability was comparable between treatments. CONCLUSION In end-stage kidney disease, roxadustat was noninferior to epoetin alfa in up to 52 weeks of treatment in this erythropoietin-stimulating agent conversion study. Roxadustat had an acceptable tolerability profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dylan Steer
- Balboa Nephrology Medical Group, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Sohan L. Dua
- Valley Renal Medical Group, Northridge, California, USA
| | - Moustafa A. Moustafa
- South Carolina Nephrology & Hypertension Center, Inc., Orangeburg, South Carolina, USA
| | - Gopal Saha
- FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Cameron Liu
- FibroGen, Inc., San Francisco, California, USA
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Zhong JC, Li XB, Lyu WY, Ye WC, Zhang DM. Natural products as potent inhibitors of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in cancer therapy. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 18:696-703. [PMID: 32928513 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)60008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia is a prominent feature of tumors. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a major subunit of HIF-1, is overexpressed in hypoxic tumor tissues and activates the transcription of many oncogenes. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that HIF-1α promotes tumor angiogenesis, metastasis, metabolism, and immune evasion. Natural products are an important source of antitumor drugs and numerous studies have highlighted the crucial role of these agents in modulating HIF-1α. The present review describes the role of HIF-1α in tumor progression, summarizes natural products used as HIF-1α inhibitors, and discusses the potential of developing natural products as HIF-1α inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Cheng Zhong
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wen-Yu Lyu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Dong-Mei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Mehrabani M, Esmaeili-Tarzi M, Forootanfar H, Nematollahi MH, Banat IM, Ohadi M, Dehghannoudeh G. Lipopeptide Biosurfactant from Acinetobacter junii B6: A Promising Natural Surfactant for Promoting Angiogenesis. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Tong MQ, Luo LZ, Xue PP, Han YH, Wang LF, Zhuge DL, Yao Q, Chen B, Zhao YZ, Xu HL. Glucose-responsive hydrogel enhances the preventive effect of insulin and liraglutide on diabetic nephropathy of rats. Acta Biomater 2021; 122:111-132. [PMID: 33444802 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus. The combination of insulin (Ins) with liraglutide (Lir) has a greater potential for preventing DN than monotherapy. However, the renal protective effect of the combined Ins/Lir therapy is largely compromised due to their short half-lives after subcutaneous injection. Herein, a glucose-responsive hydrogel was designed in situ forming the dynamic boronic esters bonds between phenylboronic acid-grafted γ-Polyglutamic acid (PBA-PGA) and konjac glucomannan (KGM). It was hypothesized that the KGM/PBA-PGA hydrogel as the delivery vehicle of Ins/Lir would enhance the combinational effect of the latter on preventing the DN progress. Scan electronic microscopy and rheological studies showed that KGM/PBA-PGA hydrogel displayed good glucose-responsive property. Besides, the glucose-sensitive release profile of either Ins or Lir from KGM/PBA-PGA hydrogel was uniformly displayed at hyperglycemic level. Furthermore, the preventive efficacy of KGM/PBA-PGA hydrogel incorporating insulin and liraglutide (Ins/Lir-H) on DN progress was evaluated on streptozotocin-induced rats with diabetic mellitus (DM). At 6 weeks after subcutaneous injection of Ins/Lir-H, not only the morphology of kidneys was obviously recovered as shown by ultrasonography, but also the renal hemodynamics was significantly improved. Meanwhile, the 24-h urinary protein and albumin/creatinine ratio were well modulated. Inflammation and fibrosis were also largely inhibited. Besides, the glomerular NPHS-2 was obviously elevated after treatment with Ins/Lir-H. The therapeutic mechanism of Ins/Lir-H was highly associated with the alleviation of oxidative stress and activation of autophagy. Conclusively, the better preventive effect of the combined Ins/Lir via KGM/PBA-PGA hydrogel on DN progress was demonstrated as compared with their mixed solution, suggesting KGM/PBA-PGA hydrogel might be a potential vehicle of Ins/Lir to combat the progression of DN.
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Provenzano R, Shutov E, Eremeeva L, Korneyeva S, Poole L, Saha G, Bradley C, Eyassu M, Besarab A, Leong R, Liu CS, Neff TB, Szczech L, Yu KHP. Roxadustat for anemia in patients with end-stage renal disease incident to dialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 36:1717-1730. [PMID: 33629100 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfab051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the efficacy and safety of roxadustat versus epoetin alfa for the treatment of chronic kidney disease-related anemia in patients new to dialysis. METHODS HIMALAYAS was a Phase 3, open-label, epoetin alfa-controlled trial. Eligible adults were incident to hemodialysis/peritoneal dialysis for 2 weeks to ≤4 months prior to randomization and had mean hemoglobin (Hb) ≤10.0 g/dL. Primary endpoints were mean Hb (g/dL) change from baseline averaged over Weeks 28-52 regardless of rescue therapy [non-inferiority criterion: lower limit of 95% confidence interval (CI) for treatment difference >-0.75] and percentage of patients achieving an Hb response between Weeks 1 and 24 censored for rescue therapy (non-inferiority margin for between-group difference -15%). Adverse events were monitored. RESULTS The intent-to-treat population included patients randomized to roxadustat (n = 522) or epoetin alfa (n = 521). Mean (standard deviation) Hb changes from baseline averaged over Weeks 28-52 were 2.57 (1.27) and 2.36 (1.21) in the roxadustat and epoetin alfa groups. Roxadustat was non-inferior [least squares mean difference: 0.18 (95% CI 0.08, 0.29)] to epoetin alfa. Percentages of patients with an Hb response were 88.2% and 84.4% in the roxadustat and epoetin alfa groups, respectively. Roxadustat was non-inferior to epoetin alfa [treatment-group difference 3.5% (95% CI -0.7%, 7.7%)]. Adverse event rates were comparable between treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Roxadustat was efficacious for correcting and maintaining Hb levels compared with epoetin alfa. Roxadustat had an acceptable safety profile.
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Vinaiphat A, Low JK, Yeoh KW, Chng WJ, Sze SK. Application of Advanced Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics to Study Hypoxia Driven Cancer Progression. Front Oncol 2021; 11:559822. [PMID: 33708620 PMCID: PMC7940826 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.559822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the largest contributors to the burden of chronic disease in the world and is the second leading cause of death globally. It is associated with episodes of low-oxygen stress (hypoxia or ischemia/reperfusion) that promotes cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Efforts have been made in the past using traditional proteomic approaches to decipher oxygen deprivation stress-related mechanisms of the disease initiation and progression and to identify key proteins as a therapeutic target for the treatment and prevention. Despite the potential benefits of proteomic in translational research for the discovery of new drugs, the therapeutic outcome with this approach has not met expectations in clinical trials. This is mainly due to the disease complexity which possess a multifaceted molecular pathology. Therefore, novel strategies to identify and characterize clinically important sets of modulators and molecular events for multi-target drug discovery are needed. Here, we review important past and current studies on proteomics in cancer with an emphasis on recent pioneered labeling approaches in mass spectrometry (MS)-based systematic quantitative analysis to improve clinical success. We also discuss the results of the selected innovative publications that integrate advanced proteomic technologies (e.g. MALDI-MSI, pSILAC/SILAC/iTRAQ/TMT-LC-MS/MS, MRM-MS) for comprehensive analysis of proteome dynamics in different biosystems, including cell type, cell species, and subcellular proteome (i.e. secretome and chromatome). Finally, we discuss the future direction and challenges in the application of these technological advancements in mass spectrometry within the context of cancer and hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arada Vinaiphat
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jee Keem Low
- Department of Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kheng Wei Yeoh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wee Joo Chng
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siu Kwan Sze
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Shi L, Jiang M, Li M, Shang X, Li X, Huang M, Wu Y, Qiao C, Wang X, Tian X, Shi Y, Wang Z. Regulation of HIF-1α and p53 in stress responses in the subterranean rodents Lasiopodomys mandarinus and Lasiopodomys brandtii (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Zoologia 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/zoologia.38.e58607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The response mechanism and interaction patterns of HIF-1α and p53 in animals in an hypoxic environment are crucial for their hypoxic tolerance and adaptation. Many studies have shown that underground rodents have better hypoxic adaptation characteristics. However, the mechanism by which HIF-1α and p53 in underground rodents respond to hypoxic environments compared with in ground rodents remains unclear. Further, whether a synergy between HIF-1α and p53 enables animals tolerate extremely hypoxic environments is unclear. We studied HIF-1α and p53 expression in the brain tissue and cell apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region during 6 hours of acute hypoxia (5% oxygen) in Lasiopodomys mandarinus (Milne-Edwards, 1871) and Lasiopodomys brandtii (Radde, 1861), two closely related small rodents with different life characteristics (underground and aboveground, respectively), using a comparative biology method to determine the mechanisms underlying their adaptation to this environment. Our results indicate that HIF-1α and p53 expression is more rapid in L. mandarinus than in L. brandtii under acute hypoxic environments, resulting in a significant synergistic effect in L. mandarinus. Correlation analysis revealed that HIF-1α expression and the apoptotic index of the hippocampal CA1 regions of the brain tissues of L. mandarinus and L. brandtii, both under hypoxia, were significantly negatively and positively correlated, respectively. Long-term existence in underground burrow systems could enable better adaptation to hypoxia in L. mandarinus than in L. brandtii. We speculate that L. mandarinus can quickly eliminate resulting damage via the synergistic effect of p53 and HIF-1α in response to acute hypoxic environments, helping the organism quickly return to a normal state after the stress.
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DeFrates KG, Franco D, Heber-Katz E, Messersmith PB. Unlocking mammalian regeneration through hypoxia inducible factor one alpha signaling. Biomaterials 2021; 269:120646. [PMID: 33493769 PMCID: PMC8279430 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Historically, the field of regenerative medicine has aimed to heal damaged tissue through the use of biomaterials scaffolds or delivery of foreign progenitor cells. Despite 30 years of research, however, translation and commercialization of these techniques has been limited. To enable mammalian regeneration, a more practical approach may instead be to develop therapies that evoke endogenous processes reminiscent of those seen in innate regenerators. Recently, investigations into tadpole tail regrowth, zebrafish limb restoration, and the super-healing Murphy Roths Large (MRL) mouse strain, have identified ancient oxygen-sensing pathways as a possible target to achieve this goal. Specifically, upregulation of the transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor one alpha (HIF-1α) has been shown to modulate cell metabolism and plasticity, as well as inflammation and tissue remodeling, possibly priming injuries for regeneration. Since HIF-1α signaling is conserved across species, environmental or pharmacological manipulation of oxygen-dependent pathways may elicit a regenerative response in non-healing mammals. In this review, we will explore the emerging role of HIF-1α in mammalian healing and regeneration, as well as attempts to modulate protein stability through hyperbaric oxygen treatment, intermittent hypoxia therapy, and pharmacological targeting. We believe that these therapies could breathe new life into the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey G DeFrates
- Department of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Daniela Franco
- Department of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Ellen Heber-Katz
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA.
| | - Phillip B Messersmith
- Department of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA; Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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Yan F, Jia P, Yoshioka H, Suzuki A, Iwata J, Zhao Z. A developmental stage-specific network approach for studying dynamic co-regulation of transcription factors and microRNAs during craniofacial development. Development 2020; 147:226075. [PMID: 33234712 DOI: 10.1242/dev.192948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Craniofacial development is regulated through dynamic and complex mechanisms that involve various signaling cascades and gene regulations. Disruption of such regulations can result in craniofacial birth defects. Here, we propose the first developmental stage-specific network approach by integrating two crucial regulators, transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), to study their co-regulation during craniofacial development. Specifically, we used TFs, miRNAs and non-TF genes to form feed-forward loops (FFLs) using genomic data covering mouse embryonic days E10.5 to E14.5. We identified key novel regulators (TFs Foxm1, Hif1a, Zbtb16, Myog, Myod1 and Tcf7, and miRNAs miR-340-5p and miR-129-5p) and target genes (Col1a1, Sgms2 and Slc8a3) expression of which changed in a developmental stage-dependent manner. We found that the Wnt-FoxO-Hippo pathway (from E10.5 to E11.5), tissue remodeling (from E12.5 to E13.5) and miR-129-5p-mediated Col1a1 regulation (from E10.5 to E14.5) might play crucial roles in craniofacial development. Enrichment analyses further suggested their functions. Our experiments validated the regulatory roles of miR-340-5p and Foxm1 in the Wnt-FoxO-Hippo subnetwork, as well as the role of miR-129-5p in the miR-129-5p-Col1a1 subnetwork. Thus, our study helps understand the comprehensive regulatory mechanisms for craniofacial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Yan
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Peilin Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hiroki Yoshioka
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Akiko Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA.,Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Abstract
Heparanase is the only mammalian enzyme that cleaves heparan sulphate, an important component of the extracellular matrix. This leads to the remodelling of the extracellular matrix, whilst liberating growth factors and cytokines bound to heparan sulphate. This in turn promotes both physiological and pathological processes such as angiogenesis, immune cell migration, inflammation, wound healing and metastasis. Furthermore, heparanase exhibits non-enzymatic actions in cell signalling and in regulating gene expression. Cancer is underpinned by key characteristic features that promote malignant growth and disease progression, collectively termed the 'hallmarks of cancer'. Essentially, all cancers examined to date have been reported to overexpress heparanase, leading to enhanced tumour growth and metastasis with concomitant poor patient survival. With its multiple roles within the tumour microenvironment, heparanase has been demonstrated to regulate each of these hallmark features, in turn highlighting the need for heparanase-targeted therapies. However, recent discoveries which demonstrated that heparanase can also regulate vital anti-tumour mechanisms have cast doubt on this approach. This review will explore the myriad ways by which heparanase functions as a key regulator of the hallmarks of cancer and will highlight its role as a major component within the tumour microenvironment. The dual role of heparanase within the tumour microenvironment, however, emphasises the need for further investigation into defining its precise mechanism of action in different cancer settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnath M Jayatilleke
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia
| | - Mark D Hulett
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Plenty Road & Kingsbury Drive, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
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Wood EG, Macdougall CE, Blythe H, Clément M, Colas RA, Dalli J, Marelli-Berg F, Longhi MP. HIF1α activation in dendritic cells under sterile conditions promotes an anti-inflammatory phenotype through accumulation of intracellular lipids. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20825. [PMID: 33257753 PMCID: PMC7705732 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is among the leading causes of elevated cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity. Adipose tissue dysfunction, insulin resistance and inflammation are recognized as important risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disorders in obesity. Hypoxia appears to be a key factor in adipose tissue dysfunction affecting not only adipocytes but also immune cell function. Here we examined the effect of hypoxia-induced transcription factor HIF1α activation on classical dendritic cell (cDCs) function during obesity. We found that deletion of Hif1α on cDCs results in enhanced adipose-tissue inflammation and atherosclerotic plaque formation in a mouse model of obesity. This effect is mediated by HIF1α-mediated increased lipid synthesis, accumulation of lipid droplets and alter synthesis of lipid mediators. Our findings demonstrate that HIF1α activation in cDCs is necessary to control vessel wall inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Wood
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Claire E Macdougall
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Hazel Blythe
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Marc Clément
- INSERM U1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translational Science, Hôpital Bichat, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris Cedex, France
| | - Romain A Colas
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Jesmond Dalli
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Federica Marelli-Berg
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - M Paula Longhi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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Bacigalupa ZA, Rathmell WK. Beyond glycolysis: Hypoxia signaling as a master regulator of alternative metabolic pathways and the implications in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2020; 489:19-28. [PMID: 32512023 PMCID: PMC7429250 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between kidney cancer, specifically clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), and the hypoxia signaling program has been extensively characterized. Its underlying role as the primary driver of the disease has led to the development of the most effective targeted therapies to date. Cellular responses to hypoxia or mutations affecting the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene stabilize the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) transcription factors which then orchestrate elaborate downstream signaling events resulting in adaptations to key biological processes, such as reprogramming metabolism. The direct link of hypoxia signaling to glucose uptake and glycolysis has long been appreciated; however, the HIF family of proteins directly regulate many downstream targets, including other transcription factors with their own extensive networks. In this review, we will summarize our current understanding of how hypoxia signaling regulates other metabolic pathways and how this contributes to the development and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Bacigalupa
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - W Kimryn Rathmell
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
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