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Zhao S, Qiu Y, Yuan M, Wang Z. Progress of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor combination therapy in immune treatment for HER2-positive tumors. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2024; 80:625-638. [PMID: 38342825 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-024-03644-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with HER2-positive cancers often face a poor prognosis, and treatment regimens containing anti-HER2 have become the first-line treatment options for breast and gastric cancers. However, these approaches are faced with significant challenges in terms of drug resistance. Hence, it is crucial to explore precise treatment strategies aimed at improving survival outcomes. ADVANCEMENTS IN TREATMENT Over the past few years, there has been rapid advancement in the realm of tumor therapy, particularly with the swift progress of immune checkpoint inhibitors, including PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. They exert anti-tumor effects by disrupting immune-suppressive factors within the tumor microenvironment. However, monotherapy with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors has several limitations. Consequently, numerous studies have explored combinatorial immunotherapeutic strategies and demonstrated highly promising avenues of development. OBJECTIVE This article aims to review the clinical trials investigating PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor combination therapy for HER2-positive tumors. Additionally, it provides a summary of ongoing trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of these combined treatments, with the intention of furnishing valuable insights for the clinical management of HER2-positive cancer. CONCLUSION Combinatorial immunotherapeutic strategies involving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors hold considerable promise in the treatment of HER2-positive tumors. Continued research efforts and clinical trials are warranted to elucidate optimal treatment regimens that maximize therapeutic benefits while minimizing adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sining Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiwu Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiqin Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Medicine, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China, 310022.
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Kashyap D, Salman H. Targeting Interleukin-13 Receptor α2 and EphA2 in Aggressive Breast Cancer Subtypes with Special References to Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3780. [PMID: 38612592 PMCID: PMC11011362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCA) remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide. This review delves into the therapeutic challenges of BCA, emphasizing the roles of interleukin-13 receptor α2 (IL-13Rα2) and erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular receptor A2 (EphA2) in tumor progression and resistance. Highlighting their overexpression in BCA, particularly in aggressive subtypes, such as Her-2-enriched and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), we discuss the potential of these receptors as targets for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies. We examine the structural and functional roles of IL-13Rα2 and EphA2, their pathological significance in BCA, and the promising therapeutic avenues their targeting presents. With an in-depth analysis of current immunotherapeutic strategies, including the limitations of existing treatments and the potential of dual antigen-targeting CAR T-cell therapies, this review aims to summarize potential future novel, more effective therapeutic interventions for BCA. Through a thorough examination of preclinical and clinical studies, it underlines the urgent need for targeted therapies in combating the high mortality rates associated with Her-2-enriched and TNBC subtypes and discusses the potential role of IL-13Rα2 and EphA2 as promising candidates for the development of CAR T-cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huda Salman
- Brown Center for Immunotherapy, Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
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Li F, Wu Y, Shi Y, Liu X, Xie Y, Liu S. Xianling Lianxia formula enhances the inhibitory effects of trastuzumab on HER2-positive breast cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:462-473. [PMID: 38379418 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC) is characterized by high invasiveness. Trastuzumab considerably improves the prognoses of HER2-positive BC, but some patients exhibit drug resistance. In this study, the effects of XLLXF combined with trastuzumab on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of HER2-positive BC cells are evaluated, and network pharmacology is performed. Then, we conduct an in vivo study using a xenograft mouse model of HER2-positive BC, and tumor growth is monitored. The expression levels of cytokines are measured by ELISA. Molecular docking is performed to observe the binding stability of IL2, JAK, STAT, and TNF with curcumenol, icariside-II, lobetyolin, and scutellarein. Finally, we observe changes in JAK1 and TNF-α in tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry. The results show that XLLXF enhances the inhibitory effects of trastuzumab on the proliferation, colony formation ability, migration, and invasion of HER2-positive BC cells and promotes apoptosis. Network pharmacology reveals that XLLXF may exert its effects on HER2-positive BC by modulating pathways such as the ErbB, JAK-STAT, and NF-κB pathways. Potential targets include cytokines closely related to immune function. In the in vivo study, XLLXF synergistically enhances the inhibitory effects of trastuzumab on tumor growth. ELISA reveals that XLLXF combined with trastuzumab increases the levels of IL-15, IL-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in tumor-bearing mice. Immunohistochemistry confirms that XLLXF can regulate the expressions of JAK1 and TNF-α. This study demonstrates that XLLXF can synergistically enhance the efficacy of trastuzumab in targeting HER2-positive BC. The mechanism may involve the modulation of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Youyang Shi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaofei Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Sheng Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
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4
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Reggiani F, Talarico G, Gobbi G, Sauta E, Torricelli F, Manicardi V, Zanetti E, Orecchioni S, Falvo P, Piana S, Lococo F, Paci M, Bertolini F, Ciarrocchi A, Sancisi V. BET inhibitors drive Natural Killer activation in non-small cell lung cancer via BRD4 and SMAD3. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2567. [PMID: 38519469 PMCID: PMC10960013 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common lung cancer and one of the pioneer tumors in which immunotherapy has radically changed patients' outcomes. However, several issues are emerging and their implementation is required to optimize immunotherapy-based protocols. In this work, we investigate the ability of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal protein inhibitors (BETi) to stimulate a proficient anti-tumor immune response toward NSCLC. By using in vitro, ex-vivo, and in vivo models, we demonstrate that these epigenetic drugs specifically enhance Natural Killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity. BETi down-regulate a large set of NK inhibitory receptors, including several immune checkpoints (ICs), that are direct targets of the transcriptional cooperation between the BET protein BRD4 and the transcription factor SMAD3. Overall, BETi orchestrate an epigenetic reprogramming that leads to increased recognition of tumor cells and the killing ability of NK cells. Our results unveil the opportunity to exploit and repurpose these drugs in combination with immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Reggiani
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Talarico
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Gobbi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Sauta
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Torricelli
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Veronica Manicardi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Eleonora Zanetti
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Biobank, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefania Orecchioni
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Falvo
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simonetta Piana
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Biobank, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Filippo Lococo
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Paci
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertolini
- Laboratory of Hematology-Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Onco-Tech Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS and Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciarrocchi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Valentina Sancisi
- Translational Research Laboratory, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Yang L, Bhattacharya A, Peterson D, Li Y, Liu X, Marangoni E, Robila V, Zhang Y. Targeted dual degradation of HER2 and EGFR obliterates oncogenic signaling, overcomes therapy resistance, and inhibits metastatic lesions in HER2-positive breast cancer models. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 74:101078. [PMID: 38503142 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase amplified in approximately 20% of breast cancer (BC). HER2-targeted therapies are the linchpin of treating HER2-positive BC. However, drug resistance is common, and the main resistance mechanism is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that drug resistance results mainly from inadequate or lack of inhibition of HER2 and its family member epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). METHODS We used clinically relevant cell and tumor models to assess the impact of targeted degradation of HER2 and EGFR on trastuzumab resistance. Trastuzumab is the most common clinically used HER2 inhibitor. Targeted degradation of HER2 and EGFR was achieved using recombinant human protein PEPDG278D, which binds to the extracellular domains of the receptors. siRNA knockdown was used to assess the relative importance of EGFR and HER2 in trastuzumab resistance. RESULTS Both HER2 and EGFR are overexpressed in all trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive BC cell and tumor models and that all trastuzumab-resistant models are highly vulnerable to targeted degradation of HER2 and EGFR. Degradation of HER2 and EGFR induced by PEPDG278D causes extensive inhibition of oncogenic signaling in trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive BC cells. This is accompanied by strong growth inhibition of cultured cells, orthotopic patient-derived xenografts, and metastatic lesions in the brain and lung of trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive BC. siRNA knockdown indicates that eliminating both HER2 and EGFR is necessary to maximize therapeutic outcome. CONCLUSIONS This study unravels the therapeutic vulnerability of trastuzumab-resistant HER2-positive BC and shows that an agent that targets the degradation of both HER2 and EGFR is highly effective in overcoming drug resistance in this disease. The findings provide new insights and innovations for advancing treatment of drug-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer that remains an unmet problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Arup Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Darrell Peterson
- Institute for Structural Biology, Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Pharmacy, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Xiaozhuo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Valentina Robila
- Department of Pathology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Yuesheng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA; Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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6
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Padilla CM, Valenzi E, Tabib T, Nazari B, Sembrat J, Rojas M, Fuschiotti P, Lafyatis R. Increased CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells, regulatory T cells and activated natural killer cells in systemic sclerosis lungs. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2024; 63:837-845. [PMID: 37310903 PMCID: PMC10907815 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kead273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Multiple observations indicate a role for lymphocytes in driving autoimmunity in SSc. While T and NK cells have been studied in SSc whole blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, their role remains unclear, partly because no studies have analysed these cell types in SSc-interstitial lung disease (ILD) lung tissue. This research aimed to identify and analyse the lymphoid subpopulations in SSc-ILD lung explants. METHODS Lymphoid populations from 13 SSc-ILD and 6 healthy control (HC) lung explants were analysed using Seurat following single-cell RNA sequencing. Lymphoid clusters were identified by their differential gene expression. Absolute cell numbers and cell proportions in each cluster were compared between cohorts. Additional analyses were performed using pathway analysis, pseudotime and cell ligand-receptor interactions. RESULTS Activated CD16+ NK cells, CD8+ tissue resident memory T cells and Treg cells were proportionately higher in SSc-ILD compared with HC lungs. Activated CD16+ NK cells in SSc-ILD showed upregulated granzyme B, IFN-γ and CD226. Amphiregulin, highly upregulated by NK cells, was predicted to interact with epidermal growth factor receptor on several bronchial epithelial cell populations. Shifts in CD8+ T cell populations indicated a transition from resting to effector to tissue resident phenotypes in SSc-ILD. CONCLUSIONS SSc-ILD lungs show activated lymphoid populations. Activated cytotoxic NK cells suggest they may kill alveolar epithelial cells, while their expression of amphiregulin suggests they may also induce bronchial epithelial cell hyperplasia. CD8+ T cells in SSc-ILD appear to transition from resting to the tissue resident memory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M Padilla
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eleanor Valenzi
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Banafsheh Nazari
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - John Sembrat
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Patrizia Fuschiotti
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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7
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Wang S, Wang J, Xia Y, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Liu M, Gao Q, Zhang C. Harnessing the potential of HLA-G in cancer therapy: advances, challenges, and prospects. J Transl Med 2024; 22:130. [PMID: 38310272 PMCID: PMC10838004 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04938-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockades have been prized in circumventing and ablating the impediments posed by immunosuppressive receptors, reaching an exciting juncture to be an innovator in anticancer therapy beyond traditional therapeutics. Thus far, approved immune checkpoint blockades have principally targeted PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 with exciting success in a plethora of tumors and yet are still trapped in dilemmas of limited response rates and adverse effects. Hence, unveiling new immunotherapeutic targets has aroused immense scientific interest in the hope of expanding the clinical application of immune checkpoint blockades to scale new heights. Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G), a non-classical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule, is enriched on various malignant cells and is involved in the hindrance of immune effector cells and the facilitation of immunosuppressive cells. HLA-G stands out as a crucial next-generation immune checkpoint showing great promise for the benefit of cancer patients. Here, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the expression pattern and immunological functions of HLA-G, as well as its interaction with well-characterized immune checkpoints. Since HLA-G can be shed from the cell surface or released by various cells as free soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) or as part of extracellular vesicles (EVs), namely HLA-G-bearing EVs (HLA-GEV), we discuss the potential of sHLA-G and HLA-GEV as predictive biomarkers. This review also addresses the advancement of HLA-G-based therapies in preclinical and clinical settings, with a focus on their clinical application in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Department of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yueqiang Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qinglei Gao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Vascular Aging, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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8
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Yu D, Huang C, Zhu L, Wei Y, Li M. In-depth analysis of prognostic markers associated with the tumor immune microenvironment and genetic mutations in breast cancer based on an NK cell-related risk model. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23930. [PMID: 38226219 PMCID: PMC10788542 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The natural killer (NK) cell population is unique because it consists of innate lymphocytes capable of detecting and eliminating tumors and virus-infected cells. This research aims to identify a new prognostic signal in breast cancer (BRCA) based on NK-cell-related genes (NKRGs). A variety of sequencing and gene mutation data, along with clinical information, were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Database (GEO). COX regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analyses were conducted to identify prognostic genes. In addition, the immune-related analysis was performed to evaluate the association between the immune microenvironment and clusters and risk model. The Edu assay, colony assay, wound healing assay, and transwell assay were performed to evaluate the cell proliferative and invasive abilities. A 4-NKRG-based prognostic model was constructed. Patients in high-risk groups were associated with poorer OS in TCGA and GSE42568. Further, a nomogram was constructed for better prediction of the prognosis of patients with BRCA. Finally, it was discovered that the over-expression of IFNE could suppress the proliferative and invasive abilities of BRCA cells, which might be a promising biomarker for patients with BRCA. As a result, we developed a novel 4-NKRG signal and nomogram capable of predicting the prognosis of patients with BRCA. Additionally, this model was closely associated with the immune microenvironment, which opened new therapeutic avenues for the treatment of cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmin Yu
- Department of Breast Disease Comprehensive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Huang
- Nail and Breast Surgery, Suqian First People's Hospital, Suqian, 223800, People's Republic of China
| | - Luochen Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Nantong, 226361, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxi Wei
- First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Meifang Li
- Department of Breast Disease Comprehensive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, People's Republic of China
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Meng X, Xu H, Liang Y, Liang M, Song W, Zhou B, Shi J, Du M, Gao Y. Enhanced CT-based radiomics model to predict natural killer cell infiltration and clinical prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1334886. [PMID: 38283362 PMCID: PMC10811188 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1334886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial for tumor prognosis; however, their role in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. The current detection methods for NSCLC are inefficient and costly. Therefore, radiomics represent a promising alternative. Methods We analyzed the radiogenomics datasets to extract clinical, radiological, and transcriptome data. The effect of NK cells on the prognosis of NSCLC was assessed. Tumors were delineated using a 3D Slicer, and features were extracted using pyradiomics. A radiomics model was developed and validated using five-fold cross-validation. A nomogram model was constructed using the selected clinical variables and a radiomic score (RS). The CIBERSORTx database and gene set enrichment analysis were used to explore the correlations of NK cell infiltration and molecular mechanisms. Results Higher infiltration of NK cells was correlated with better overall survival (OS) (P = 0.002). The radiomic model showed an area under the curve of 0.731, with 0.726 post-validation. The RS differed significantly between high and low infiltration of NK cells (P < 0.01). The nomogram, using RS and clinical variables, effectively predicted 3-year OS. NK cell infiltration was correlated with the ICOS and BTLA genes (P < 0.001) and macrophage M0/M2 levels. The key pathways included TNF-α signaling via NF-κB and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Conclusions Our radiomic model accurately predicted NK cell infiltration in NSCLC. Combined with clinical characteristics, it can predict the prognosis of patients with NSCLC. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the gene expression and pathways underlying NK cell infiltration in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhi Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haijun Xu
- Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yicheng Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weijian Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Boxuan Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Minjun Du
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yushun Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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10
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Jing R, Bai S, Zhang P, Ren H, Jia L, Li W, Zheng G. IDO-1 impairs antitumor immunity of natural killer cells in triple-negative breast cancer via up-regulation of HLA-G. Breast Cancer 2024; 31:135-147. [PMID: 37981615 PMCID: PMC10764509 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01522-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are highly aggressive malignancies with poor prognosis. As an essential enzyme in the tryptophan-kynurenine metabolic pathway, indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO-1) has been reported to facilitate immune escape of various tumors. However, the mechanism underlying the immunosuppressive role of IDO-1 in TNBC remains largely uncharacterized. METHODS We examined the IDO-1 expression in 93 clinical TNBC tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues, and analyzed the regulation role of environmental cytokines like IFN-γ in IDO-1 expression. The effect of IDO-1 expression in TNBC cells on the function of NK cells were then evaluated and the underlying mechanisms were exploited. RESULTS IDO-1 expressed in 50 of 93 (54.1%) TNBC patients. TNBC patients with high IDO-1 expression tended to have more infiltrated immune cells including NK cells, which are less active than patients with low IDO-1 expression. NK cells could produce IFN-γ, which induced IDO-1 expression in TNBC cells, whereas IDO-1 impaired the cytotoxicity of co-cultured NK cells by upregulation of HLA-G. Blockade of HLA-G improved the antitumor activity of NK cells to TNBC in vivo. CONCLUSION TNBC cells induce dysfunction of NK cells through an IFN-γ/IDO-1/HLA-G pathway, which provide novel insights into the mechanisms of TNBC progression and demonstrate the applicability of IDO-1 and HLA-G targeting in the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jing
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shukun Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Hao Ren
- Department of Urology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
| | - Lintao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Weimiao Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Guoxu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers and Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, 169 Changle West Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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11
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Fernandes CL, Silva DJ, Mesquita A. Novel HER-2 Targeted Therapies in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:87. [PMID: 38201515 PMCID: PMC10778064 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER-2)-positive breast cancer represents 15-20% of all breast cancer subtypes and has an aggressive biological behavior with worse prognosis. The development of HER-2-targeted therapies has changed the disease's course, having a direct impact on survival rates and quality of life. Drug development of HER-2-targeting therapies is a prolific field, with numerous new therapeutic strategies showing survival benefits and gaining regulatory approval in recent years. Furthermore, the acknowledgement of the survival impact of HER-2-directed therapies on HER-2-low breast cancer has contributed even more to advances in the field. The present review aims to summarize the newly approved therapeutic strategies for HER-2-positive breast cancer and review the new and exploratory HER-2-targeted therapies currently under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Lopes Fernandes
- Medical Oncology Department, Pedro Hispano Hospital, 4464-513 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.J.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Diogo J. Silva
- Medical Oncology Department, Pedro Hispano Hospital, 4464-513 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.J.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Alexandra Mesquita
- Medical Oncology Department, Pedro Hispano Hospital, 4464-513 Matosinhos, Portugal; (D.J.S.); (A.M.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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12
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Chen M, Bie L, Ying J. Cancer cell-intrinsic PD-1: Its role in malignant progression and immunotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115514. [PMID: 37716115 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), also called CD279, is coded by the PDCD1 gene and is constitutively expressed on the surface of immune cells. As a receptor and immune checkpoint, PD-1 can bind to programmed death ligand-1/programmed death ligand-2 (PD-L1/PD-L2) in tumor cells, leading to tumor immune evasion. Anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 are important components in tumor immune therapy. PD-1 is also expressed as an intrinsic variant (iPD-1) in cancer cells where it plays important roles in malignant progression as proposed by recent studies. However, iPD-1 has received much less attention compared to PD-1 expressed on immune cells although there is an unmet medical need for fully elucidating the mechanisms of actions to achieve the best response in tumor immunotherapy. iPD-1 suppresses tumorigenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and colon cancer, whereas it promotes tumorigenesis in melanoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), thyroid cancer (TC), glioblastoma (GBM), and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). In this review, we focus on the role of iPD-1 in tumorigenesis and development and its molecular mechanisms. We also deeply discuss nivolumab-based combined therapy in common tumor therapy. iPD-1 may explain the different therapeutic effects of anti-PD-1 treatment and provide critical information for use in combined anti-tumor approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhua Chen
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Gastric Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
| | - Lei Bie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jieer Ying
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary & Gastric Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China.
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13
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Lee DH, Ahn H, Sim HI, Choi E, Choi S, Jo Y, Yun B, Song HK, Oh SJ, Denda-Nagai K, Park CS, Irimura T, Park Y, Jin HS. A CRISPR activation screen identifies MUC-21 as critical for resistance to NK and T cell-mediated cytotoxicity. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:272. [PMID: 37858248 PMCID: PMC10588101 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02840-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunotherapy has significantly advanced cancer treatments, but many patients do not respond to it, partly due to immunosuppressive mechanisms used by tumor cells. These cells employ immunosuppressive ligands to evade detection and elimination by the immune system. Therefore, the discovery and characterization of novel immunosuppressive ligands that facilitate immune evasion are crucial for developing more potent anti-cancer therapies. METHODS We conducted gain-of-function screens using a CRISPRa (CRISPR activation) library that covered the entire human transmembrane sub-genome to identify surface molecules capable of hindering NK-mediated cytotoxicity. The immunosuppressive role and mechanism of MUC21 were validated using NK and T cell mediated cytotoxicity assays. Bioinformatics tools were employed to assess the clinical implications of mucin-21 (MUC21) in cancer cell immunity. RESULTS Our genetic screens revealed that MUC21 expression on cancer cell surfaces inhibits both the cytotoxic activity of NK cells and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, but not affecting complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Additionally, MUC21 expression hinders T cell activation by impeding antigen recognition, thereby diminishing the effectiveness of the immune checkpoint inhibitor, anti-PD-L1. Moreover, MUC21 expression suppress the antitumor function of both CAR-T cells and CAR-NK cells. Mechanistically, MUC21 facilitates immune evasion by creating steric hindrance, preventing interactions between cancer and immune cells. Bioinformatics analysis revealed elevated MUC21 expression in lung cancer, which correlated with reduced infiltration and activation of cytotoxic immune cells. Intriguingly, MUC21 expression was higher in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors that were non-responsive to anti-PD-(L)1 treatment compared to responsive tumors. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that surface MUC21 serves as a potent immunosuppressive ligand, shielding cancer cells from NK and CD8+T cell attacks. This suggests that inhibiting MUC21 could be a promising strategy to improve cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hee Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Ahn
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Hye-In Sim
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481, South Korea
| | - Eunji Choi
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Seunghyun Choi
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481, South Korea
| | - Yunju Jo
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481, South Korea
| | - Bohwan Yun
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02481, South Korea
| | - Soo Jin Oh
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Kaori Denda-Nagai
- Division of Glycobiologics, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Tatsuro Irimura
- Division of Glycobiologics, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoon Park
- Chemical and Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
| | - Hyung-Seung Jin
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.
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Zhang KJ, Tan XL, Guo L. LncRNA TYMSOS facilitates breast cancer metastasis and immune escape through downregulating ULBP3. iScience 2023; 26:107556. [PMID: 37664624 PMCID: PMC10470366 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The focus of the study is to examine the function of TYMSOS in immune escape of breast cancer, which is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy among women globally. Our study demonstrated that upregulated TYMSOS was associated with unfavorable prognosis and immune escape in breast cancer. TYMSOS promoted the malignant phenotypes of breast cancer cells, and reduced the cytotoxicity of NK92 cells on these cells. CBX3 was a downstream effector in TYMSOS-induced malignant phenotypes in breast cancer cells. Mechanistic studies showed that TYMSOS facilitated CBX3-mediated transcriptional repression of ULBP3, and it also promoted SYVN1-mediated ubiquitin-proteasomal degradation of ULBP3. TYMSOS promoted cell growth, metastasis, and immune escape via CBX3/ULBP3 or SYVN1/ULBP3 axis. The in vivo studies further showed that silencing of TYMSOS repressed tumor growth and boosted NK cell cytotoxicity. In sum, TYMSOS boosted breast cancer metastasis and immune escape via CBX3/ULBP3 or SYVN1/ULBP3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Jing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, P.R. China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lang Tan
- Department of Oncology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province 410004, P.R. China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, P.R. China
- Clinical Research Center for Breast Cancer in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan Province 410008, P.R. China
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15
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Wu X, Huang S, He W, Song M. Emerging insights into mechanisms of trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive cancers. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110602. [PMID: 37437432 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
HER2 is an established therapeutic target in breast, gastric, and gastroesophageal junction carcinomas with HER2 overexpression or genomic alterations. The humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab targeting HER2 has substantially improved the clinical outcomes of HER2-positive patients, yet the inevitable intrinsic or acquired resistance to trastuzumab limits its clinical benefit, necessitating the elucidation of resistance mechanisms to develop alternate therapeutic strategies. This review presents an overview of trastuzumab resistance mechanisms involving signaling pathways, cellular metabolism, cell plasticity, and tumor microenvironment, particularly discussing the prospects of developing rational combinations to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Wu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shuting Huang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Weiling He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China.
| | - Mei Song
- Institute of Precision Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China.
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16
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Palau A, Segerberg F, Lidschreiber M, Lidschreiber K, Naughton AJ, Needhamsen M, Jung LA, Jagodic M, Cramer P, Lehmann S, Carlsten M, Lennartsson A. Perturbed epigenetic transcriptional regulation in AML with IDH mutations causes increased susceptibility to NK cells. Leukemia 2023; 37:1830-1841. [PMID: 37495775 PMCID: PMC10457197 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01972-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations are found in 20% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. However, only 30-40% of the patients respond to IDH inhibitors (IDHi). We aimed to identify a molecular vulnerability to tailor novel therapies for AML patients with IDH mutations. We characterized the transcriptional and epigenetic landscape with the IDH2i AG-221, using an IDH2 mutated AML cell line model and AML patient cohorts, and discovered a perturbed transcriptional regulatory network involving myeloid transcription factors that were partly restored after AG-221 treatment. In addition, hypermethylation of the HLA cluster caused a down-regulation of HLA class I genes, triggering an enhanced natural killer (NK) cell activation and an increased susceptibility to NK cell-mediated responses. Finally, analyses of DNA methylation data from IDHi-treated patients showed that non-responders still harbored hypermethylation in HLA class I genes. In conclusion, this study provides new insights suggesting that IDH mutated AML is particularly sensitive to NK cell-based personalized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Palau
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Filip Segerberg
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Lidschreiber
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katja Lidschreiber
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aonghus J Naughton
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Needhamsen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Lisa Anna Jung
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maja Jagodic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Patrick Cramer
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sören Lehmann
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Hematology Centre, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Mattias Carlsten
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Center for Cell Therapy and Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Center, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Andreas Lennartsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Mirzaei S, Ranjbar B, Tackallou SH, Aref AR. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in breast cancer: The crosstalk with oncogenic and onco-suppressor factors in regulation of cancer hallmarks. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 248:154676. [PMID: 37454494 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Low oxygen level at tumor microenvironment leads to a condition, known as hypoxia that is implicated in cancer progression. Upon hypoxia, HIF-1α undergoes activation and due to its oncogenic function and interaction with other molecular pathways, promotes tumor progression. The HIF-1α role in regulating breast cancer progression is described, Overall, HIF-1α has upregulation in breast tumor and due to its tumor-promoting function, its upregulation is in favor of breast tumor progression. HIF-1α overexpression prevents apoptosis in breast tumor and it promotes cell cycle progression. Silencing HIF-1α triggers cycle arrest and decreases growth. Migration of breast tumor enhances by HIF-1α signaling and it mainly induces EMT in providing metastasis. HIF-1α upregulation stimulates drug resistance and radio-resistance in breast tumor. Furthermore, HIF-1α signaling induces immune evasion of breast cancer. Berberine and pharmacological intervention suppress HIF-1α signaling in breast tumor and regulation of HIF-1α by non-coding RNAs occurs. Furthermore, HIF-1α is a biomarker in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Bijan Ranjbar
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14117-13116, Iran
| | | | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Deng Y, Li Z, Pan M, Wu H, Ni B, Han X. Implications of inflammatory cell death-related IFNG and co-expressed RNAs (AC006369.1 and CCR7) in breast carcinoma prognosis, and anti-tumor immunity. Front Genet 2023; 14:1112251. [PMID: 37408777 PMCID: PMC10318797 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1112251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) encoded by IFNG gene is a pleiotropic molecule linked with inflammatory cell death mechanisms. This work aimed to determine and characterize IFNG and co-expressed genes, and to define their implications in breast carcinoma (BRCA). Methods: Transcriptome profiles of BRCA were retrospectively acquired from public datasets. Combination of differential expression analysis with WGCNA was conducted for selecting IFNG-co-expressed genes. A prognostic signature was generated through Cox regression approaches. The tumor microenvironment populations were inferred utilizing CIBERSORT. Epigenetic and epitranscriptomic mechanisms were also probed. Results: IFNG was overexpressed in BRCA, and connected with prolonged overall survival and recurrence-free survival. Two IFNG-co-expressed RNAs (AC006369.1, and CCR7) constituted a prognostic model that acted as an independent risk factor. The nomogram composed of the model, TNM, stage, and new event owned the satisfying efficacy in BRCA prognostication. IFNG, AC006369.1, and CCR7 were closely linked with the tumor microenvironment components (e.g., macrophages, CD4/CD8 T cells, NK cells), and immune checkpoints (notably PD1/PD-L1). Somatic mutation frequencies were 6%, and 3% for CCR7, and IFNG, and high amplification potentially resulted in their overexpression in BRCA. Hypomethylated cg05224770 and cg07388018 were connected with IFNG and CCR7 upregulation, respectively. Additionally, transcription factors, RNA-binding proteins, and non-coding RNAs possibly regulated IFNG and co-expressed genes at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Conclusion: Collectively, our work identifies IFNG and co-expressed genes as prognostic markers for BRCA, and as possible therapeutic targets for improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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19
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Zhuang BM, Cao DD, Liu XF, Wang L, Lin XL, Duan YG, Lee CL, Chiu PCN, Yeung WSB, Yao YQ. Application of a JEG-3 organoid model to study HLA-G function in the trophoblast. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1130308. [PMID: 37006248 PMCID: PMC10050466 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1130308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The human placenta is a unique temporary organ with a mysterious immune tolerance. The formation of trophoblast organoids has advanced the study of placental development. HLA-G is uniquely expressed in the extravillous trophoblast (EVT) and has been linked to placental disorders. With older experimental methodologies, the role of HLA-G in trophoblast function beyond immunomodulation is still contested, as is its role during trophoblast differentiation. Organoid models incorporating CRISPR/Cas9 technology were used to examine the role of HLA-G in trophoblast function and differentiation. JEG-3 trophoblast organoids (JEG-3-ORGs) were established that highly expressed trophoblast representative markers and had the capacity to differentiate into EVT. CRISPR/Cas9 based on HLA-G knockout (KO) significantly altered the trophoblast immunomodulatory effect on the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells, as well as the trophoblast regulatory effect on HUVEC angiogenesis, but had no effect on the proliferation and invasion of JEG-3 cells and the formation of TB-ORGs. RNA-sequencing analysis further demonstrated that JEG-3 KO cells followed similar biological pathways as their wild-type counterparts during the formation of TB-ORGs. In addition, neither HLA-G KO nor the exogenous addition of HLA-G protein during EVT differentiation from JEG-3-ORGs altered the temporal expression of the known EVT marker genes. Based on the JEG-3 KO (disruption of exons 2 and 3) cell line and the TB-ORGs model, it was determined that HLA-G has a negligible effect on trophoblast invasion and differentiation. Despite this, JEG-3-ORG remains a valuable model for studying trophoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bai-Mei Zhuang
- Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Dan-Dan Cao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Li Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong-Gang Duan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Cheuk-Lun Lee
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HKU Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Philip C. N. Chiu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HKU Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William S. B. Yeung
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HKU Li Ka Shing (LKS) Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: William S. B. Yeung, ; Yuan-Qing Yao,
| | - Yuan-Qing Yao
- Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: William S. B. Yeung, ; Yuan-Qing Yao,
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Luo H, Hong R, Xu Y, Zheng Q, Xia W, Lu Q, Jiang K, Xu F, Chen M, Shi D, Deng W, Wang S. Construction and validation of a macrophage polarization-related prognostic index to predict the overall survival in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer. Gland Surg 2023; 12:225-242. [PMID: 36915811 PMCID: PMC10005976 DOI: 10.21037/gs-23-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly heterogeneous disease and the current prognostic system cannot meet the clinical need. Interactions between immune responsiveness and tumor cells plays a key role in the progression of TNBC and macrophages are vital component of immune cells. A prognostic model based on macrophages may have great accuracy and clinical utility. Methods For model development, we screened early stage (without metastasis) TNBC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We extracted messenger RNA (mRNA) expression data and clinical data including age, race, tumor size, lymph node status and tumor stage. The follow up time and vital status were also retrieved for overall survival calculation. Cell-type Identification by Estimating Relative Subsets of RNA Transcripts (CIBERSORT) was used to calculate the immune cell composition of each sample. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify M1-like macrophage-related genes. Combining least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) with multivariate Cox regression, the M1-like macrophage polarization-related prognostic index (MRPI) was established. We obtained TNBC patients in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database through PAM50 method and retrieved the mRNA expression data and survival data. The Harrell's concordance index (CI), the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (AUCs) and the calibration curve were used to evaluate the developed model. Results We obtained 166 early TNBC cases and 113 normal tissue cases for model building, along with 76 samples from GSE58812 cohort for model validation. CIBERSORT analysis suggested obvious infiltration of macrophages, especially M1-like macrophages in early TNBC. Four genes were eventually identified for the construction of MPRI in the training set. The AUCs at 2 years, 3 years, and 5 years in the training cohort were 0.855, 0.881 and 0.893, respectively; and the AUCs at 2 years, 3 years, and 5 years in the validation cohort were 0.887, 0.792 and 0.722, respectively. Calibration curves indicated good predictive ability and high consistency of our model. Conclusions MRPI is a promising biomarker for predicting the prognosis of early-stage TNBC, which may indicate personalized treatment and follow-up strategies and thus may improve the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjia Luo
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoxi Hong
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yadong Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiufan Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Xia
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianyi Lu
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kuikui Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dingbo Shi
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuguo Deng
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shusen Wang
- Department of Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Liu Q, Li J, Zheng H, Yang S, Hua Y, Huang N, Kleeff J, Liao Q, Wu W. Adoptive cellular immunotherapy for solid neoplasms beyond CAR-T. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:28. [PMID: 36750830 PMCID: PMC9903509 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01735-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy are two milestone achievements in clinical immunotherapy. However, both show limited efficacies in most solid neoplasms, which necessitates the exploration of new immunotherapeutic modalities. The failure of CAR-T and immune checkpoint blockade in several solid neoplasms is attributed to multiple factors, including low antigenicity of tumor cells, low infiltration of effector T cells, and diverse mechanisms of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment. New adoptive cell therapies have been attempted for solid neoplasms, including TCR-T, CAR-natural killer cells (CAR-NK), and CAR-macrophages (CAR-M). Compared to CAR-T, these new adoptive cell therapies have certain advantages in treating solid neoplasms. In this review, we summarized the 40-year evolution of adoptive cell therapies, then focused on the advances of TCR-T, CAR-NK, and CAR-M in solid neoplasms and discussed their potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaofei Liu
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jiayi Li
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Huaijin Zheng
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Sen Yang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Yuze Hua
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Nan Huang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730 China
| | - Jorg Kleeff
- grid.9018.00000 0001 0679 2801Department of Visceral, Vascular and Endocrine Surgery, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Quan Liao
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Wenming Wu
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuai Fu Yuan, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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22
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Wang Z, Deng H, Jin Y, Luo M, Huang J, Wang J, Zhang K, Wang L, Zhou J. Circular RNAs: biology and clinical significance of breast cancer. RNA Biol 2023; 20:859-874. [PMID: 37882644 PMCID: PMC10730165 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2272468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are novel noncoding RNAs with covalently closed-loop structures that can regulate eukaryotic gene expression. Due to their stable structure, circRNAs are widely distributed in the cytoplasm and have important biological functions, including as microRNA sponges, RNA-binding protein conjugates, transcription regulators, and translation templates. Breast cancer is among the most common malignant cancers diagnosed in women worldwide. Despite the development of comprehensive treatments, breast cancer still has high mortality rates. Recent studies have unmasked critical roles for circRNAs in breast cancer as regulators of tumour initiation, progression, and metastasis. Further, research has revealed that some circRNAs have the potential for use as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in clinical practice. Herein, we review the biogenesis and biological functions of circRNAs, as well as their roles in different breast cancer subtypes. Moreover, we provide a comprehensive summary of the clinical significance of circRNAs in breast cancer. CircRNAs are believed to be a hot focus in basic and clinical research of breast cancer, and innovative future research directions of circRNAs could be used as biomarkers, therapeutic targets, or novel drugs.Abbreviations: CeRNA: Competitive endogenous RNA; ciRNA: Circular intronic RNA; circRNA: Circular RNA; EIciRNA: Exon-intron circRNA; EMT: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition; IRES: Internal ribosome entry site; lncRNA: Long non-coding RNA; miRNA: MicroRNA; MRE: MiRNA response element; ncRNA: Non-coding RNA; RBP: RNA-binding protein; RNA-seq: RNA sequencing; RT-PCR: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Hao Deng
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Emergency, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
The long-sought discovery of HER2 as an actionable and highly sensitive therapeutic target was a major breakthrough for the treatment of highly aggressive HER2-positive breast cancer, leading to approval of the first HER2-targeted drug - the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab - almost 25 years ago. Since then, progress has been swift and the impressive clinical activity across multiple trials with monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and antibody-drug conjugates that target HER2 has spawned extensive efforts to develop newer platforms and more targeted therapies. This Review discusses the current standards of care for HER2-positive breast cancer, mechanisms of resistance to HER2-targeted therapy and new therapeutic approaches and agents, including strategies to harness the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M. Swain
- grid.516085.f0000 0004 0606 3221Department of Medicine, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center and MedStar Health, Washington, DC USA
| | - Mythili Shastry
- grid.419513.b0000 0004 0459 5478Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN USA
| | - Erika Hamilton
- grid.419513.b0000 0004 0459 5478Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN USA ,grid.492963.30000 0004 0480 9560Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN USA
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24
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Abstract
Finding effective treatments for cancer remains a challenge. Recent studies have found that the mechanisms of tumor evasion are becoming increasingly diverse, including abnormal expression of immune checkpoint molecules on different immune cells, in particular T cells, natural killer cells, macrophages and others. In this review, we discuss the checkpoint molecules with enhanced expression on these lymphocytes and their consequences on immune effector functions. Dissecting the diverse roles of immune checkpoints in different immune cells is crucial for a full understanding of immunotherapy using checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - An-Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Guoxu Zheng, ; An-Gang Yang,
| | - Guoxu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Guoxu Zheng, ; An-Gang Yang,
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25
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Li F, Liu S. Focusing on NK cells and ADCC: A promising immunotherapy approach in targeted therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1083462. [PMID: 36601109 PMCID: PMC9806173 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1083462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer has a high metastatic potential. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that target HER2, such as trastuzumab and pertuzumab, are the cornerstone of adjuvant therapy for HER2-positive breast cancer. A growing body of preclinical and clinical evidence points to the importance of innate immunity mediated by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in the clinical effect of mAbs on the resulting anti-tumor response. In this review, we provide an overview of the role of natural killer (NK) cells and ADCC in targeted therapy of HER2-positive breast cancer, including the biological functions of NK cells and the role of NK cells and ADCC in anti-HER2 targeted drugs. We then discuss regulatory mechanisms and recent strategies to leverage our knowledge of NK cells and ADCC as an immunotherapy approach for HER2-positive breast cancer.
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26
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Massa D, Tosi A, Rosato A, Guarneri V, Dieci MV. Multiplexed In Situ Spatial Protein Profiling in the Pursuit of Precision Immuno-Oncology for Patients with Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4885. [PMID: 36230808 PMCID: PMC9562913 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of many solid tumors. In breast cancer (BC), immunotherapy is currently approved in combination with chemotherapy, albeit only in triple-negative breast cancer. Unfortunately, most patients only derive limited benefit from ICIs, progressing either upfront or after an initial response. Therapeutics must engage with a heterogeneous network of complex stromal-cancer interactions that can fail at imposing cancer immune control in multiple domains, such as in the genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic domains. To overcome these types of heterogeneous resistance phenotypes, several combinatorial strategies are underway. Still, they can be predicted to be effective only in the subgroups of patients in which those specific resistance mechanisms are effectively in place. As single biomarker predictive performances are necessarily suboptimal at capturing the complexity of this articulate network, precision immune-oncology calls for multi-omics tumor microenvironment profiling in order to identify unique predictive patterns and to proactively tailor combinatorial treatments. Multiplexed single-cell spatially resolved tissue analysis, through precise epitope colocalization, allows one to infer cellular functional states in view of their spatial organization. In this review, we discuss-through the lens of the cancer-immunity cycle-selected, established, and emerging markers that may be evaluated in multiplexed spatial protein panels to help identify prognostic and predictive patterns in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Massa
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Division of Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Tosi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Division of Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Vittoria Dieci
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
- Division of Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
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27
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Wu X, Yang H, Yu X, Qin JJ. Drug-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer: Molecular mechanisms and overcoming strategies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1012552. [PMID: 36210846 PMCID: PMC9540370 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1012552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. HER2 overexpression is a factor for poor prognosis in breast cancer, and anti-HER2 therapy improves survival in these patients. A dual-targeted combination of pertuzumab and trastuzumab, alongside cytotoxic chemotherapy, constitutes the primary treatment option for individuals with early-stage, HER2-positive breast cancer. Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) also increase the prognosis for patients with metastatic breast cancer. However, resistance to targeted therapy eventually occurs. Therefore, it is critical to investigate how HER2-positive breast cancer is resistant to targeted therapy and to develop novel drugs or strategies to overcome the resistance simultaneously. This review aims to provide a comprehensive discussion of the HER2-targeted agents currently in clinical practice, the molecular mechanisms of resistance to these drugs, and the potential strategies for overcoming resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xingfei Yu
- *Correspondence: Xingfei Yu, ; Jiang-Jiang Qin,
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28
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Yang Y, Wang W, Weng J, Li H, Ma Y, Liu L, Ma W. Advances in the study of HLA class Ib in maternal-fetal immune tolerance. Front Immunol 2022; 13:976289. [PMID: 36105800 PMCID: PMC9465335 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.976289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The HLA class Ib molecule is an alloantigen that causes transplant rejection on behalf of individual human and plays an important role in maternal-fetal immune tolerance. Early studies on HLA class Ib focused on the mechanism of HLA-G-induced immune escape, but in recent years, studies on the mechanism of HLA-G have deepened and gradually explored the mechanism of HLA-E and HLA-F, which are also HLA class Ib molecules. In the maternal-fetal interface, trophoblast cells express HLA class Ib molecules to protect the fetus from maternal immune cells by binding to inhibitory receptors of decidual immune cells (DICs) and shifting Th1/Th2 balance toward Th2 bias. Further studies on the molecular mechanism of HLA class Ib molecules provide a reference for its application in the field of clinical assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Yang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanning Wang
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Weng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Weng, ; Lingyan Liu,
| | - Huifang Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanmin Ma
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Weng, ; Lingyan Liu,
| | - Wei Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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29
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Pang H, Lei D, Guo Y, Yu Y, Liu T, Liu Y, Chen T, Fan C. Three categories of similarities between the placenta and cancer that can aid cancer treatment: Cells, the microenvironment, and metabolites. Front Oncol 2022; 12:977618. [PMID: 36059660 PMCID: PMC9434275 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.977618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most harmful diseases, while pregnancy is a common condition of females. Placenta is the most important organ for fetal growth, which has not been fully understand. It’s well known that placenta and solid tumor have some similar biological behaviors. What’s more, decidua, the microenvironment of placenta, and metabolism all undergo adaptive shift for healthy pregnancy. Interestingly, decidua and the tumor microenvironment (TME); metabolism changes during pregnancy and cancer cachexia all have underlying links. However, whether the close link between pregnancy and cancer can bring some new ideas to treat cancer is still unclear. So, in this review we note that pregnancy may offer clues to treat cancer related to three categories: from cell perspective, through the shared development process of the placenta and cancer; from microenvironment perspective, though the shared features of the decidua and TME; and from metabolism perspective, through shared metabolites changes during pregnancy and cancer cachexia. Firstly, comparing gene mutations of both placenta and cancer, which is the underlying mechanism of many similar biological behaviors, helps us understand the origin of cancer and find the key factors to restore tumorigenesis. Secondly, exploring how decidua affect placenta development and similarities of decidua and TME is helpful to reshape TME, then to inhibit cancer. Thirdly, we also illustrate the possibility that the altered metabolites during pregnancy may reverse cancer cachexia. So, some key molecules changed in circulation of pregnancy may help relieve cachexia and make survival with cancer realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Pang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Lei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuping Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cuifang Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Cuifang Fan,
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30
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Jennifer Zhang Q. Donor selection based on NK alloreactivity for patients with hematological malignancies. Hum Immunol 2022; 83:695-703. [PMID: 35965181 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are an important defender against infections and tumors. Their function is regulated by the balance of inhibitory and activating receptors. Among all inhibitory NK receptors: killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and CD94/NKG2A recognize human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class I molecules, allowing NK cells to be 'licensed' to avoid autoreactivity, but be fully functional at the same time. Licensed NK cells can target malignant cells with altered or downregulated/missing 'self' antigens. NK cell attacking malignant cells is one of the mechanisms of graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect. Numerous studies have demonstrated that NK cells improve hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) survival by reducing relapse mortality through GVL effect. Therapeutic strategies, such as adoptive alloreactive NK cell transfer, CAR-NK cells, antibodies against NKG2A and KIR2DL1-3, have been utilized to treat hematological malignancies in HCT. In this review, NK cell functions, NK cell receptors and ligands, as well as common alloreactive NK donor selection algorithms for patients with hematological malignancies in the setting of HCT are discussed. The goal of this review is to provide insights on the controversial results and provide better understanding and resources on how to perform alloreactive donor NK cell selection in HCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuheng Jennifer Zhang
- UCLA Immunogenetics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, USA.
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Mao R, Ren ZY, Yang F, Yang P, Zhang T. Clinical significance and immune landscape of KIR2DL4 and the senescence-based signature in cutaneous melanoma. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3947-3959. [PMID: 35848898 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is an effective barrier to tumor progression. Mutations that inhibit senescence and promote cell division are mandatory for the development of cancer. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore the differences between cutaneous melanoma (CM) patients with severe and mild degrees of senescence. We clustered all the patients with CM in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database based on all the genes of the senescence pathway in the cellAge and MSigDB database. The prognosis, immunotherapy effect, tumor microenvironment score, NRAS mutation rate, expression of CD274, CTLA4, and PDCD1, and abundance of CD8+ T and NK cell infiltration in the younger group of patients (YG) were higher than those in the older group (OG). Compared with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, the risk scoring system stratified the risk of CM patients and guided immunotherapy more accurately. The nomogram model, which combined the AJCC stage and risk score, greatly improved the ability and accuracy of prognosis prediction. As KIR2DL4 is the core molecule in the risk scoring system (RSS), knocking down the KIR2DL4 of human NK cells in vitro can inhibit the cytotoxicity of NK cells and can also inhibit the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ by NK cells. In contrast, upregulation of KIR2DL4 can activate the MEK/ERK signaling pathway, which is the activation pathway of NK cells. OurRSS and nomogram model can accurately stratify the risk of CM patients and effectively predict the effect of immunotherapy and prognosis in CM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zheng Yun Ren
- The center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Emergency Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University School of Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of Pathology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Emergency Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University School of Medicine, Beijing, China.,Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Wang P, Yang X, Liu D, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Wang G. Construction of a competing endogenous RNA network to analyse glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase dysregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:BSR20220674. [PMID: 35712981 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20220674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumour with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore, it is of great significance to find new molecular markers for HCC diagnosis and treatment. G6PD is known to be dysregulated in a variety of tumours. In addition, the ceRNA network plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of HCC. However, the mechanism by which the ceRNA network regulates G6PD in HCC remains unclear. We used TCGA-LIHC data to analyse the possibility of using G6PD as an independent prognostic marker. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression, multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis were used to analyse the influence of G6PD overexpression on the prognosis of HCC patients. We also analysed the biological function of G6PD, its effect on the immune microenvironment, and drug sensitivity. Finally, we constructed a ceRNA network of lncRNAs/miR-122-5p/G6PD to explore the regulatory mechanism of G6PD. G6PD was highly expressed in HCC, was related to pathological stage and poor prognosis, and could be used as an independent prognostic indicator of HCC. The expression of G6PD was closely related to the immune microenvironment of HCC. In addition, the expression of G6PD in HCC could be regulated by the ceRNA network. Therefore, G6PD can be used as an immunotherapy target to improve the survival and prognosis of HCC patients, and the ceRNA regulatory network of G6PD has potential diagnostic and therapeutic value for HCC.
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Abstract
Antibodies targeting programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) have been considered breakthrough therapies for a variety of solid and hematological malignancies. Although cytotoxic T cells play an important antitumor role during checkpoint blockade, they still show a potential killing effect on tumor types showing loss of/low major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression and/or low neoantigen load; this knowledge has shifted the focus of researchers toward mechanisms of action other than T cell-driven immune responses. Evidence suggests that the blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis may also improve natural killer (NK)-cell function and activity through direct or indirect mechanisms, which enhances antitumor cytotoxic effects; although important, this topic has been neglected in previous studies. Recently, some studies have reported evidence of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in human NK cells, performed exploration of the intrinsic mechanism by which PD-1/PD-L1 blockade enhances NK-cell responses, and made some progress. This article summarizes the recent advances regarding the expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 molecules on the surface of NK cells as well as the interaction between anti-PD-1/PD-L1 drugs and NK cells and associated molecular mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiuwei Cui
- *Correspondence: Jiuwei Cui, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-6496-7550
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Abstract
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G is a nonclassical MHC Class I molecule, which was initially reported as a mediator of immune tolerance when expressed in extravillous trophoblast cells at the maternal-fetal interface. HLA-G is the only known ligand of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL4 (KIR2DL4), an atypical family molecule that is widely expressed on the surface of NK cells. Unlike other KIR receptors, KIR2DL4 contains both an arginine–tyrosine activation motif in its transmembrane region and an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) in its cytoplasmic tail, suggesting that KIR2DL4 may function as an activating or inhibitory receptor. The immunosuppressive microenvironment exemplified by a rewired cytokine network and upregulated immune checkpoint proteins is a hallmark of advanced and therapy-refractory tumors. Accumulating evidence has shown that HLA-G is an immune checkpoint molecule with specific relevance in cancer immune escape, although the role of HLA-G/KIR2DL4 in antitumor immunity is still uncharacterized. Our previous study had shown that HLA-G was a pivotal mediator of breast cancer resistance to trastuzumab, and blockade of the HLA-G/KIR2DL4 interaction can resensitize breast cancer to trastuzumab treatment. In this review, we aim to summarize and discuss the role of HLA-G/KIR2DL4 in the immune microenvironment of breast cancer. A better understanding of HLA-G is beneficial to identifying novel biomarker(s) for breast cancer, which is important for precision diagnosis and prognostic assessment. In addition, it is also necessary to unravel the mechanisms underlying HLA-G/KIR2DL4 regulation of the immune microenvironment in breast cancer, hopefully providing a rationale for combined HLA-G and immune checkpoints targeting for the effective treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lintao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - An-Gang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Immunology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Omidi Y, Mobasher M, Castejon A, Mahmoudi M. Recent advances in nanoscale targeted therapy of HER2-positive breast cancer. J Drug Target 2022; 30:687-708. [PMID: 35321601 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2055045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women with high mortality rates worldwide. The exceptionally fast rate of metastasis, the emergence of drug-resistant mechanisms, and the occurrence of inadvertent side effects by cytotoxic chemotherapies often make conventional chemotherapy and immunotherapy treatments ineffective. Similar to other solid tumors, breast cancer can develop unique cellular and molecular characteristics forming an atypical permissive tumor microenvironment (TME). Due to the unique features of TME, cancer cells can further proliferate and coadapt with the stromal cells and evade immunosurveillance. aberrantly abundantly express various pieces of molecular machinery (the so-called oncomarkers) in favor of their survival, progression, metastasis, and further invasion. Such overexpressed oncomarkers can be exploited in the targeted therapy of cancer. Among breast cancer oncomarkers, epidermal growth factor receptors, particularly HER2, are considered as clinically valid molecular targets not only for the thorough diagnosis but also for the targeted therapy of the disease using different conventional and advanced nanoscale treatment modalities. This review aims to elaborate on the recent advances in the targeted therapy of HER2-positive breast cancer, and discuss various types of multifunctional nanomedicines/theranostics, and antibody-/aptamer-drug conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Maha Mobasher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Ana Castejon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Guo JJ, Ye YQ, Liu YD, Wu WF, Mei QQ, Zhang XY, Lao J, Wang B, Wang JY. Interaction between human leukocyte antigen (HLA-C) and killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR2DL) inhibits the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in patients with hepatoblastoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:947729. [PMID: 36507493 PMCID: PMC9726742 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.947729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the most common liver malignancy in childhood with poor prognosis and lack of effective therapeutic targets. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology has been widely used in the study of malignant tumors, which can understand the tumor microenvironment and tumor heterogeneity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two children with HB and a healthy child were selected as the research subjects. Peripheral blood and tumor tissue were collected for single-cell transcriptome sequencing, and the sequencing data were compared and analyzed to describe the differences in the immune microenvironment between children with HB and normal children. RESULTS There were significant differences in the number and gene expression levels of natural killer cells (NK cells) between children with HB and normal children. More natural killer cells were seen in children with HB compared to normal control. KIR2DL were highly expressed in children with HB. CONCLUSION Single-cell transcriptome sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and tumor tissue from children with HB revealed that KIR2DL was significantly up-regulated in NK cells from children with HB. HLA-C molecules on the surface of tumor cells interact with inhibitory receptor KIR2DL on the surface of NK cells, inhibiting the cytotoxicity of NK cells, resulting in immune escape of tumors. Inhibitors of related immune checkpoints to block the interaction between HLA-C and KIR2DL and enhance the cytotoxicity of NK cells, which may be a new strategy for HB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jie Guo
- Shenzhen Children’s Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong-Qin Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Di Liu
- Shenzhen Children’s Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei-Fang Wu
- Shenzhen Children’s Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian-Qian Mei
- Shenzhen Children’s Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi-Yun Zhang
- Shenzhen Children’s Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jing Lao
- Shenzhen Children’s Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Wang,
| | - Jian-Yao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Jian-Yao Wang,
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Mandó P, Rivero SG, Rizzo MM, Pinkasz M, Levy EM. Targeting ADCC: A different approach to HER2 breast cancer in the immunotherapy era. Breast 2021; 60:15-25. [PMID: 34454323 PMCID: PMC8399304 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcome of patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplified breast carcinoma (BC) has improved with the development of anti-HER2 targeted therapies. However, patients can experience disease recurrence after curative intent and disease progression in the metastatic setting. In the current era of evolving immunotherapy agents, the understanding of the immune response against HER2 tumor cells developed by anti-HER2 antibodies (Abs) is rapidly evolving. Trastuzumab therapy promotes Natural Killer (NK) cell activation in patients with BC overexpressing HER2, indicating that the efficacy of short-term trastuzumab monotherapy, albeit direct inhibition of HER, could also be related with antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Currently, dual HER2 blockade using trastuzumab and pertuzumab is the standard of care in early and advanced disease as this combination could confer an additive effect in ADCC. In patients with disease relapse or progression, ADCC may be hampered by several factors such as FcγRIIIa polymorphism and an immunosuppressive environment, among others. Hence, new drug development strategies are being investigated aiming to boost the ADCC response triggered by anti-HER2 therapy. In this review, we summarize these strategies and the rationale, through mAbs engineering and combinatorial strategies, focusing on clinical results and ongoing trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Mandó
- Fundación Cáncer, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno" (CEMIC), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Sergio G Rivero
- Instituto Alexander Fleming, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Manglio M Rizzo
- Cancer Immunobiology, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, CONICET, Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Argentina; Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Argentina
| | - Marina Pinkasz
- Centro de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Fundación Cáncer, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Estrella M Levy
- Centro de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Fundación Cáncer, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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