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Fernandez Requena B, Gonzalez-Riano C, Barbas C. Addressing the untargeted lipidomics challenge in urine samples: Comparative study of extraction methods by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1299:342433. [PMID: 38499427 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Urine analysis has remained a fundamental and widely used method in clinical diagnostics for over a century. With its minimal invasive nature and comprehensive range of analytes, urine has established itself as a clinical diagnostic tool for various disorders, including renal, urological, metabolic, and endocrine diseases. Furthermore, urine's unique attributes make it an attractive matrix for biomarker discovery, as well as in assessing the metabolic and physiological states of patients and healthy individuals alike. However, limitations in our knowledge of average values and sources of urinary lipids decrease the wider clinical application of urinary lipidomics. In this context, untargeted lipidomics analysis relies heavily on the extraction and analysis of lipids in biological samples. Nevertheless, this type of analysis presents challenges in lipid identification due to the diverse nature of lipids. Therefore, proper sample treatment before analysis is crucial to obtain robust and reproducible lipidomic profiles. To address this gap, we conducted a comparative study of a urine pool sample collected from twenty healthy volunteers using four different lipid extraction methods: one biphasic and three monophasic protocols. The extracted lipids were then analyzed using UHPLC-MS and MS/MS, and the semi-quantification of all the accurately annotated lipid species was performed for each extraction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Fernandez Requena
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, España
| | - Carolina Gonzalez-Riano
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, España
| | - Coral Barbas
- Centro de Metabolómica y Bioanálisis (CEMBIO), Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, 28660 Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, España.
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2
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Jia W, Guo A, Bian W, Zhang R, Wang X, Shi L. Integrative deep learning framework predicts lipidomics-based investigation of preservatives on meat nutritional biomarkers and metabolic pathways. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-15. [PMID: 38127336 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2295016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Preservatives are added as antimicrobial agents to extend the shelf life of meat. Adding preservatives to meat products can affect their flavor and nutrition. This review clarifies the effects of preservatives on metabolic pathways and network molecular transformations in meat products based on lipidomics, metabolomics and proteomics analyses. Preservatives change the nutrient content of meat products via altering ionic strength and pH to influence enzyme activity. Ionic strength in salt triggers muscle triglyceride hydrolysis by causing phosphorylation and lipid droplet splitting in adipose tissue hormone-sensitive lipase and triglyceride lipase. DisoLipPred exploiting deep recurrent networks and transfer learning can predict the lipid binding trend of each amino acid in the disordered region of input protein sequences, which could provide omics analyses of biomarkers metabolic pathways in meat products. While conventional meat quality assessment tools are unable to elucidate the intrinsic mechanisms and pathways of variables in the influences of preservatives on the quality of meat products, the promising application of omics techniques in food analysis and discovery through multimodal learning prediction algorithms of neural networks (e.g., deep neural network, convolutional neural network, artificial neural network) will drive the meat industry to develop new strategies for food spoilage prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jia
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
- Agricultural Product Processing and Inspection Center, Shaanxi Testing Institute of Product Quality Supervision, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Agricultural Product Quality Research Center, Shaanxi Research Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Xi'an, China
- Food Safety Testing Center, Shaanxi Sky Pet Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Xi'an, China
| | - Aiai Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenwen Bian
- Agricultural Product Processing and Inspection Center, Shaanxi Testing Institute of Product Quality Supervision, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
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3
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Schaich KM. Epoxides: an underestimated lipid oxidation product. Free Radic Res 2023:1-48. [PMID: 38124354 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2277142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Immense gains in understanding of mechanisms and effects of lipid oxidation have been achieved in the nearly 90 years over which lipid oxidation has been an active research focus. Even so, the substantial questions still being raised about lipid oxidation in this special issue show clearly that missing pieces remain and must be considered for full accounting of this important reaction in any system. In this context, epoxides are spotlighted as a critical overlooked product of lipid autoxidation - underestimated in analysis, underestimated in presence as a functionally active and competitive intermediate and product of lipid oxidation, and underestimated in potential contributions to impact of lipid oxidation on other molecules and cell functions. Logical reasons for ignoring or not finding epoxides are offered in historical development of lipid oxidation knowledge. Reactions generating lipid epoxides in autoxidation are reviewed, limitations in detecting and tracking epoxides are outlined to explain why epoxides may not be detected when they should be present, and justifications for increased research and analysis of epoxides are argued. The main goal is to provide a context for recognizing epoxides as critical products that must be accounted for in determining the state rather than extent of lipid oxidation and in tracking its consequences in oils, foods, personal care products, and tissues. A secondary goal is to stimulate new research using contemporary analyses to fill in the gaps of knowledge about epoxide formation, structure, and reactions in lipid autoxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Schaich
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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4
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Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent lethal mechanism that can be activated in disease and is a proposed target for cancer therapy. Ferroptosis is defined by the overwhelming accumulation of membrane lipid peroxides. Ferroptotic lipid peroxidation is initiated on internal membranes and then appears at the plasma membrane, triggering lethal ion imbalances and membrane permeabilization. Sensitivity to ferroptosis is governed by the levels of peroxidizable polyunsaturated lipids and associated lipid metabolic enzymes. A different network of enzymes and endogenous metabolites restrains lipid peroxidation by interfering with the initiation or propagation of this process. This emerging understanding is informing new approaches to treat disease by modulating lipid metabolism to enhance or inhibit ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Pope
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Scott J Dixon
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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5
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Kortesniemi M, Noerman S, Kårlund A, Raita J, Meuronen T, Koistinen V, Landberg R, Hanhineva K. Nutritional metabolomics: Recent developments and future needs. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 77:102400. [PMID: 37804582 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolomics has rapidly been adopted as one of the key methods in nutrition research. This review focuses on the recent developments and updates in the field, including the analytical methodologies that encompass improved instrument sensitivity, sampling techniques and data integration (multiomics). Metabolomics has advanced the discovery and validation of dietary biomarkers and their implementation in health research. Metabolomics has come to play an important role in the understanding of the role of small molecules resulting from the diet-microbiota interactions when gut microbiota research has shifted towards improving the understanding of the activity and functionality of gut microbiota rather than composition alone. Currently, metabolomics plays an emerging role in precision nutrition and the recent developments therein are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maaria Kortesniemi
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland.
| | - Stefania Noerman
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Kårlund
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Jasmin Raita
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Topi Meuronen
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland
| | - Ville Koistinen
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rikard Landberg
- Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kati Hanhineva
- Food Sciences Unit, Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland; Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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6
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Leopold J, Prabutzki P, Engel KM, Schiller J. From Oxidized Fatty Acids to Dimeric Species: In Vivo Relevance, Generation and Methods of Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:7850. [PMID: 38067577 PMCID: PMC10708296 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of free fatty acids (FFAs) and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals (HO●) or hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is characteristic of inflammatory diseases, for instance, rheumatoid arthritis. Unsaturated fatty acids react with ROS yielding a variety of important products such as peroxides and chlorohydrins as primary and chain-shortened compounds (e.g., aldehydes and carboxylic acids) as secondary products. These modified fatty acids are either released from phospholipids by phospholipases or oxidatively modified subsequent to their release. There is increasing evidence that oligomeric products are also generated upon these processes. Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are considered as very important products, but chlorinated compounds may be converted into dimeric and (with smaller yields) oligomeric products, as well. Our review is structured as follows: first, the different types of FFA oligomers known so far and the mechanisms of their putative generation are explained. Industrially relevant products as well as compounds generated from the frying of vegetable oils are also discussed. Second, the different opinions on whether dimeric fatty acids are considered as "friends" or "foes" are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Leopold
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany; (P.P.); (K.M.E.); (J.S.)
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7
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Veeckmans G, Van San E, Vanden Berghe T. A guide to ferroptosis, the biological rust of cellular membranes. FEBS J 2023. [PMID: 37935445 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Unprotected iron can rust due to oxygen exposure. Similarly, in our body, oxidative stress can kill cells in an iron-dependent manner, which can give rise to devastating diseases. This type of cell death is referred to as ferroptosis. Generally, ferroptosis is defined as an iron-catalyzed form of regulated necrosis that occurs through excessive peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids within cellular membranes. This review summarizes how ferroptosis is executed by a rather primitive biochemical process, under tight regulation of lipid, iron, and redox metabolic processes. An overview is given of major classes of ferroptosis inducers and inhibitors, and how to detect ferroptosis. Finally, its detrimental role in disease is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Van San
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Tom Vanden Berghe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
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8
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da Silva KM, Wölk M, Nepachalovich P, Iturrospe E, Covaci A, van Nuijs ALN, Fedorova M. Investigating the Potential of Drift Tube Ion Mobility for the Analysis of Oxidized Lipids. Anal Chem 2023; 95:13566-13574. [PMID: 37646365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Epilipids, a subset of the lipidome that comprises oxidized, nitrated, and halogenated lipid species, show important biochemical activity in the regulation of redox lipid metabolism by influencing cell fate decisions, including death, health, and aging. Due to the large chemical diversity, reversed-phase liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (RPLC-HRMS) methods have only a limited ability to separate numerous isobaric and isomeric epilipids. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) is a gas-phase separation technique that can be combined with LC-HRMS to improve the overall peak capacity of the analytical platform. Here, we illustrate the advantages and discuss the current limitations of implementing IMS in LC-HRMS workflows for the analysis of oxylipins and oxidized complex lipids. Using isomeric mixtures of oxylipins, we demonstrated that while deprotonated ions of eicosanoids were poorly resolved by IMS, sodium acetate and metal adducts (e.g., Li, Na, Ag, Ba, K) of structural isomers often showed ΔCCS% above 1.4% and base peak separation with high-resolution demultiplexing (HRDm). The knowledge of the IM migration order was also used as a proof of concept to help in the annotation of oxidized complex lipids using HRDm and all-ion fragmentation spectra. Additionally, we used a mixture of deuterium-labeled lipids for a routine system suitability test with the purpose of improving harmonization and interoperability of IMS data sets in (epi)lipidomics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele Wölk
- Lipid Metabolism: Analysis and Integration, Center of Membrane Biochemistry and Lipid Research, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Palina Nepachalovich
- Lipid Metabolism: Analysis and Integration, Center of Membrane Biochemistry and Lipid Research, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elias Iturrospe
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Jette, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Centre, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Maria Fedorova
- Lipid Metabolism: Analysis and Integration, Center of Membrane Biochemistry and Lipid Research, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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9
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Morel Y, Jones JW. Utilization of LC-MS/MS and Drift Tube Ion Mobility for Characterizing Intact Oxidized Arachidonate-Containing Glycerophosphatidylethanolamine. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2023. [PMID: 37369083 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation is a key component in the pathogenesis of numerous disease states, where the oxidative damage of lipids frequently leads to membrane dysfunction and subsequent cellular death. Glycerophosphoethanolamine (PE) is the second most abundant phospholipid found in cellular membranes and, when oxidized, has been identified as an executor of ferroptotic cell death. PE commonly exists in the plasmalogen form, where the presence of the vinyl ether bond and its enrichment in polyunsaturated fatty acids make it especially susceptible to oxidative degradation. This results in a multitude of oxidized products complicating identification and often requiring several analytical techniques for interpretation. In the present study, we outline an analytical approach for the structural characterization of intact oxidized products of arachidonate-containing diacyl and plasmalogen PE. Intact oxidized PE structures, including structural and positional isomers, were identified using complementary liquid chromatography techniques, drift tube ion mobility, and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. This work establishes a comprehensive method for the analysis of intact lipid peroxidation products and provides an important pathway to investigate how lipid peroxidation initially impacts glycerophospholipids and their role in redox biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulemni Morel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Jace W Jones
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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10
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Yuwen Z, Zeng Q, Ye Q, Zhao Y, Zhu J, Chen K, Liu H, Yang R. A Quencher-Based Blood-Autofluorescence-Suppression Strategy Enables the Quantification of Trace Analytes in Whole Blood. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202302957. [PMID: 37102382 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202302957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Precise quantification of trace components in whole blood via fluorescence is of great significance. However, the applicability of current fluorescent probes in whole blood is largely hindered by the strong blood autofluorescence. Here, we proposed a blood autofluorescence-suppressed sensing strategy to develop an activable fluorescent probe for quantification of trace analyte in whole blood. Based on inner filter effect, by screening fluorophores whose absorption overlapped with the emission of blood, a redshift BODIPY quencher with an absorption wavelength ranging from 600-700 nm was selected for its superior quenching efficiency and high brightness. Two 7-nitrobenzo[c] [1,2,5] oxadiazole ether groups were introduced onto the BODIPY skeleton for quenching its fluorescence and the response of H2 S, a gas signal molecule that can hardly be quantified because of its low concentration in whole blood. Such detection system shows a pretty low background signal and high signal-to-back ratio, the probe thus achieved the accurate quantification of endogenous H2 S in 20-fold dilution of whole blood samples, which is the first attempt of quantifying endogenous H2 S in whole blood. Moreover, this autofluorescence-suppressed sensing strategy could be expanded to other trace analytes detection in whole blood, which may accelerate the application of fluorescent probes in clinical blood test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Yuwen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Qiaozhen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yixing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jingxuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Kang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, 410005, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Hongwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Hunan Normal University, 410005, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410082, Changsha, P. R. China
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11
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Wölk M, Prabutzki P, Fedorova M. Analytical Toolbox to Unlock the Diversity of Oxidized Lipids. Acc Chem Res 2023; 56:835-845. [PMID: 36943749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
ConspectusLipids are diverse class of small biomolecules represented by a large variety of chemical structures. In addition to the classical biosynthetic routes, lipids can undergo numerous modifications via introduction of small chemical moieties forming hydroxyl, phospho, and nitro derivatives, among others. Such modifications change the physicochemical properties of a parent lipid and usually result in new functionalities either by mediating signaling events or by changing the biophysical properties of lipid membranes. Over the last decades, a large body of evidence indicated the involvement of lipid modifications in a variety of physiological and pathological events. For instance, lipid (per)oxidation for a long time was considered as a hallmark of oxidative stress and related proinflammatory signaling. Recently, however, with the burst in the development of the redox biology field, oxidative modifications of lipids are also recognized as a part of regulatory and adaptive events that are highly specific for particular cell types, tissues, and conditions.The initial diversity of lipid species and the variety of possible lipid modifications result in an extremely large chemical space of the epilipidome, the subset of the natural lipidome formed by enzymatic and non-enzymatic lipid modifications occurring in biological systems. Together with their low natural abundance, structural annotation of modified lipids represents a major analytical challenge limiting the discovery of their natural variety and functions. Furthermore, the number of available chemically characterized standards representing various modified lipid species remains limited, making analytical and functional studies very challenging. Over the past decade we have developed and implemented numerous analytical methods to study lipid modifications and applied them in the context of different biological conditions. In this Account, we outline the development and evolution of modern mass-spectrometry-based techniques for the structural elucidation of modified/oxidized lipids and corresponding applications. Research of our group is mostly focused on redox biology, and thus, our primary interest was always the analysis of lipid modifications introduced by redox disbalance, including lipid peroxidation (LPO), oxygenation, nitration, and glycation. To this end, we developed an array of analytical solutions to measure carbonyls derived from LPO, oxidized and nitrated fatty acid derivatives, and oxidized and glycated complex lipids. We will briefly describe the main analytical challenges along with corresponding solutions developed by our group toward deciphering the complexity of natural epilipdomes, starting from in vitro-oxidized lipid mixtures, artificial membranes, and lipid droplets, to illustrate the diversity of lipid modifications in the context of metabolic diseases and ferroptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Wölk
- Center of Membrane Biochemistry and Lipid Research, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Patricia Prabutzki
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Fedorova
- Center of Membrane Biochemistry and Lipid Research, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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12
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Udo T, Matsuoka Y, Takahashi M, Izumi Y, Saito K, Tazoe K, Tanaka M, Naka H, Bamba T, Yamada KI. Structural Analysis of Intracellular Lipid Radicals by LC/MS/MS Using a BODIPY-Based Profluorescent Nitroxide Probe. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4585-4591. [PMID: 36847588 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation (LPO) induces the formation of numerous lipid radicals, which contribute to the development of several oxidative diseases. To understand the mechanism of LPO in biological systems and the significance of these radicals, identifying the structures of individual lipid radicals is imperative. In this study, we developed an analytical method based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) and a profluorescent nitroxide probe, N-(1-oxyl-2,2,6-trimethyl-6-pentylpiperidin-4-yl)-3-(5,5-difluoro-1,3-dimethyl-3H,5H-5l4-dipyrrolo[1,2-c:2',1'-f][1,3,2]diazaborinin-7-yl)propanamide (BDP-Pen), for the detailed structural analysis of lipid radicals. The MS/MS spectra of BDP-Pen-lipid radical adducts showed product ions and thus allow the prediction of the lipid radical structures and individual detection of isomeric adducts. Using the developed technology, we separately detected the isomers of arachidonic acid (AA)-derived radicals generated in AA-treated HT1080 cells. This analytical system is a powerful tool for elucidating the mechanism of LPO in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Udo
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuta Matsuoka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kota Saito
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kaho Tazoe
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Moe Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideto Naka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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