1
|
Canavan K, Magengelele NL, Paterson ID, Williams DA, Martin GD. Uncovering the phylogeography of Schinus terebinthifolia in South Africa to guide biological control. AoB Plants 2022; 14:plab078. [PMID: 35079330 PMCID: PMC8783615 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plab078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Schinus terebinthifolia is a problematic invasive alien plant (IAP) in South Africa that is a high priority target for biological control. Biological control has been implemented in the states of Florida and Hawaii (USA), where S. terebinthifolia is also an IAP. Phylogeographic work determined that there have been multiple introductions of two lineages (haplotype A and B) into the USA. Haplotype A was introduced to western Florida and Hawaii, while haplotype B was introduced to eastern Florida. Haplotypes A and B have subsequently hybridized in Florida, resulting in novel plant genotypes. Biological control agents in the USA are known to vary in efficacies on the two different haplotypes and hybrids. This study used molecular techniques to uncover the source populations of S. terebinthifolia in South Africa using chloroplast DNA and microsatellites. Populations from the introduced ranges in Florida (east, west and hybrids) and Hawaii were included (n = 95). All South Africa populations (n = 51) were found to be haplotype A. Microsatellite analysis determined shared alleles with western Florida and Hawaiian populations. The likely source of South African S. terebinthifolia was determined to be western Florida through the horticultural trade. These results will help guide a biological control programme to source agents that perform well on these populations in the USA. Furthermore, the presence of only one haplotype in South Africa highlights the need to ensure no further introductions of other haplotypes of the plant are made, in order to avoid similar hybridization events like those recorded in Florida.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kim Canavan
- Centre for Biological Control, Department of Entomology and Zoology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, PO Box 94, 6140, South Africa
| | - Nwabisa L Magengelele
- Centre for Biological Control, Department of Entomology and Zoology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, PO Box 94, 6140, South Africa
- Environmental Learning Research Centre, Department of Education, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Iain D Paterson
- Centre for Biological Control, Department of Entomology and Zoology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, PO Box 94, 6140, South Africa
| | - Dean A Williams
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA
| | - Grant D Martin
- Centre for Biological Control, Department of Entomology and Zoology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, PO Box 94, 6140, South Africa
- Afromontane Research Unit and Zoology Department, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, Phuthaditjhaba 9866, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Velasques J, Crispim BDA, Vasconcelos AAD, Bajay MM, Cardoso CAL, Barufatti A, do Carmo Vieira M. Genetic and chemodiversity in native populations of Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi along the Brazilian Atlantic forest. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20487. [PMID: 34650068 PMCID: PMC8516881 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Schinus terebinthifolia is a species native to different ecoregions in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The plant is listed on the National Relation of Medicinal Plants and recommended as phytomedicine, however while extractive exploitation prevails as the main route of raw material a significant variation of compounds will be detected. To assure the expansion of productive chain it is important to start by studying population diversity and chemical variations. We used SSR markers for studies of genetic structure among populations from dense ombrophilous forest (ES); the deciduous seasonal forest (SM); the savanna (DOU) and the sandbanks (ITA and MSP), and compared the results to their chemical profiles of essential oil. Genetic structure revealed differences among populations and significant fixation rates. Pairwise studies and Bayesian analysis showed similarities between ITA and SM and between DOU and MSP, proving that the patterns of distribution for the species do not follow the isolation by distance or similarity by environmental conditions. The comparison between PCA of genotypes and chemodiversity reinforces the unique profile for each population despite the environmental similarity observed and genetic analysis. The most divergent genotype and chemical group was found at the ombrophilous forest, strong evidence that we should undertake conservation efforts to prevent losses of biodiversity in that area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jannaina Velasques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biossistemas, Universidade Federal do Sul da Bahia, Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - Bruno do Amaral Crispim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Meio Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Adrielle Ayumi de Vasconcelos
- Departamento de Genética, Evolução, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Miklos Maximiliano Bajay
- Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca e Biologia, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexeia Barufatti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Meio Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e Ambientais, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Vieira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agronomia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Erickson KD, Pratt PD, Rayamajhi MB, Horvitz CC. Seedling maturation drives spatial variability in demographic dynamics of an invader with multiple introductions: insights from an LTRE analysis. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
4
|
Tang H, Porras G, Brown MM, Chassagne F, Lyles JT, Bacsa J, Horswill AR, Quave CL. Triterpenoid acids isolated from Schinus terebinthifolia fruits reduce Staphylococcus aureus virulence and abate dermonecrosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8046. [PMID: 32415287 PMCID: PMC7229044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus relies on quorum sensing to exert virulence to establish and maintain infection. Prior research demonstrated the potent quorum sensing inhibition effects of "430D-F5", a refined extract derived from the fruits of Schinus terebinthifolia, a medicinal plant used for the traditional treatment of skin and soft tissue infections. We report the isolation and identification of three compounds from 430D-F5 that reduce virulence and abate dermonecrosis: 3-oxo-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (1), 3-oxotirucalla-7,24Z-dien-26-oic acid (2) and 3α-hydroxytirucalla-7,24 Z-dien-27-oic acid (3). Each compound inhibits all S. aureus accessory gene regulator (agr) alleles (IC50 2-70 μM). Dose-dependent responses were also observed in agr-regulated reporters for leucocidin A (lukA, IC50 0.4-25 μM) and glycerol ester hydrolase or lipase (gehB, IC50 1.5-25 μM). Surprisingly, dose-dependent activity against the nuclease reporter (nuc), which is under the control of the sae two-component system, was also observed (IC50 0.4-12.5 μM). Compounds 1-3 exhibited little to no effect on the agr-independent mgrA P2 reporter (a constitutive promoter from the mgrA two-component system) and the esxA reporter (under control of mgrA). Compounds 1-3 inhibited δ-toxin production in vitro and reduced dermonecrosis in a murine in vivo model. This is the first report of triterpenoid acids with potent anti-virulence effects against S. aureus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaqiao Tang
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, 30322, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gina Porras
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, 30322, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Morgan M Brown
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Francois Chassagne
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, 30322, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James T Lyles
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, 30322, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John Bacsa
- X-ray Crystallography Center, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Alexander R Horswill
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Cassandra L Quave
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University College of Arts and Sciences, 30322, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, 30322, GA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Szűcs M, Salerno PE, Teller BJ, Schaffner U, Littlefield JL, Hufbauer RA. The effects of agent hybridization on the efficacy of biological control of tansy ragwort at high elevations. Evol Appl 2019; 12:470-481. [PMID: 30828368 PMCID: PMC6383738 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The success rate of weed biological control programs is difficult to evaluate and the factors affecting it remain poorly understood. One aspect which is still unclear is whether releases of multiple, genetically distinct populations of a biological control agent increase the likelihood of success, either by independent colonization of different environmental niches or by hybridization that may increase the agent's fitness and adaptive ability. Since hybridization is often invoked to explain the success of unintentionally introduced exotic species, hybridization among biocontrol agents may be similarly important in shaping the effectiveness of biological control programs. In this study, we first evaluated intraspecific hybridization among populations of a weed biological control agent, the ragwort flea beetle, Longitarsus jacobaeae. These insects were introduced as part of a classical biological control program from Italy and Switzerland. We genotyped 204 individuals from 15 field sites collected in northwest Montana, and an additional 52 individuals that served as references for Italian and Swiss populations. Bayesian analysis of population structure assigned seven populations as pure Swiss and one population as pure Italian, while intraspecific hybrid individuals were detected in seven populations at frequencies of 5%-69%. Subsequently, we conducted a 2-year exclusion experiment using six sites with Swiss beetles and three with hybrid beetles to evaluate the impact of biological control. We found that biological control by Swiss beetles and by hybrid beetles is effective, increasing mortality of the target plant, Jacobaea vulgaris, by 42% and 45%, and reducing fecundity of surviving plants by 44% and 72%, respectively. Beetle densities were higher and mortality of larger plants was higher at sites with hybrids present. These results suggest that hybridization of ragwort flea beetles at high-elevation sites may improve biological control of tansy ragwort and that intraspecific hybridization of agents could benefit biological control programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Szűcs
- Department of EntomologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest ManagementColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado
| | | | - Brittany J. Teller
- Department of BiologyPennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePennsylvania
| | - Urs Schaffner
- Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences InternationalDelémontSwitzerland
| | - Jeffrey L. Littlefield
- Department of Land Resources and Environmental SciencesMontana State UniversityBozemanMontana
| | - Ruth A. Hufbauer
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest ManagementColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado
- Graduate Degree Program in EcologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsColorado
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
The Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto) is one of the most successful biological invaders among terrestrial vertebrates. However, little information is available on the genetic diversity of the species. A total of 134 Eurasian Collared Doves from Europe, Asia and the Caribbean (n = 20) were studied by sequencing a 658-bp length of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase I (COI). Fifty-two different haplotypes and relatively high haplotype and nucleotide diversities (Hd±SD = 0.843±0.037 and π±SD = 0.026±0.013) were detected. Haplotype Ht1 was particularly dominant: it included 44.03% of the studied individuals, and contained sequences from 75% of the studied countries. Various analyses (FST, AMOVA, STRUCTURE) distinguished 2 groups on the genetic level, designated ‘A’ and ‘B’. Two groups were also separated in the median-joining network and the maximum likelihood tree. The results of the neutrality tests were negative (Fu FS = -25.914; Tajima D = -2.606) and significantly different from zero (P≤0.001) for group A, whereas both values for group B were positive (Fu FS = 1.811; Tajima D = 0.674) and not significant (P>0.05). Statistically significant positive autocorrelation was revealed among individuals located up to 2000 km apart (r = 0.124; P = 0.001). The present results provide the first information on the genetic diversity and structure of the Eurasian Collared Dove, and can thereby serve as a factual and comparative basis for similar studies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Bagi
- Animal Genetic Laboratory, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Evangelos Antonis Dimopoulos
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Loukovitis
- Lab of Agrobiotechnology and Inspection of Agricultural Products, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Cyril Eraud
- Unité Avifaune migratrice, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Szilvia Kusza
- Animal Genetic Laboratory, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Langston AK, Kaplan DA, Putz FE. A casualty of climate change? Loss of freshwater forest islands on Florida's Gulf Coast. Glob Chang Biol 2017; 23:5383-5397. [PMID: 28675588 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sea level rise elicits short- and long-term changes in coastal plant communities by altering the physical conditions that affect ecosystem processes and species distributions. While the effects of sea level rise on salt marshes and mangroves are well studied, we focus on its effects on coastal islands of freshwater forest in Florida's Big Bend region, extending a dataset initiated in 1992. In 2014-2015, we evaluated tree survival, regeneration, and understory composition in 13 previously established plots located along a tidal creek; 10 plots are on forest islands surrounded by salt marsh, and three are in continuous forest. Earlier studies found that salt stress from increased tidal flooding prevented tree regeneration in frequently flooded forest islands. Between 1992 and 2014, tidal flooding of forest islands increased by 22%-117%, corresponding with declines in tree species richness, regeneration, and survival of the dominant tree species, Sabal palmetto (cabbage palm) and Juniperus virginiana (southern red cedar). Rates of S. palmetto and J. virginiana mortality increased nonlinearly over time on the six most frequently flooded islands, while salt marsh herbs and shrubs replaced forest understory vegetation along a tidal flooding gradient. Frequencies of tidal flooding, rates of tree mortality, and understory composition in continuous forest stands remained relatively stable, but tree regeneration substantially declined. Long-term trends identified in this study demonstrate the effect of sea level rise on spatial and temporal community reassembly trajectories that are dynamically re-shaping the unique coastal landscape of the Big Bend.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy K Langston
- Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - David A Kaplan
- Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Francis E Putz
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Donaldson JE, Hui C, Richardson DM, Robertson MP, Webber BL, Wilson JRU. Invasion trajectory of alien trees: the role of introduction pathway and planting history. Glob Chang Biol 2014; 20:1527-37. [PMID: 24343918 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Global change is driving a massive rearrangement of the world's biota. Trajectories of distributional shifts are shaped by species traits, the recipient environment and driving forces with many of the driving forces directly due to human activities. The relative importance of each in determining the distributions of introduced species is poorly understood. We consider 11 Australian Acacia species introduced to South Africa for different reasons (commercial forestry, dune stabilization and ornamentation) to determine how features of the introduction pathway have shaped their invasion history. Projections from species distribution models (SDMs) were developed to assess how the reason for introduction influences the similarity between climatic envelopes in native and alien ranges. A lattice model for an idealized invasion was developed to assess the relative contribution of intrinsic traits and introduction dynamics on the abundance and extent over the course of simulated invasions. SDMs show that alien populations of ornamental species in South Africa occupy substantially different climate space from their native ranges, whereas species introduced for forestry occupy a similar climate space in native and introduced ranges. This may partly explain the slow spread rates observed for some alien ornamental plants. Such mismatches are likely to become less pronounced with the current drive towards 'eco gardens' resulting in more introductions of ornamental species with a close climate match between native and newly introduced regions. The results from the lattice model showed that the conditions associated with the introduction pathway (especially introduction pressure) dominate early invasion dynamics. The placement of introduction foci in urban areas limited the extent and abundance of invasive populations. Features of introduction events appear to initially mask the influence of intrinsic species traits on invasions and help to explain the relative success of species introduced for different purposes. Introduction dynamics therefore can have long-lasting influences on the outcomes of species redistributions, and must be explicitly considered in management plans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason E Donaldson
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Williams WI, Friedman JM, Gaskin JF, Norton AP. Hybridization of an invasive shrub affects tolerance and resistance to defoliation by a biological control agent. Evol Appl 2014; 7:381-93. [PMID: 24665340 PMCID: PMC3962298 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolution has contributed to the successful invasion of exotic plant species in their introduced ranges, but how evolution affects particular control strategies is still under evaluation. For instance, classical biological control, a common strategy involving the utilization of highly specific natural enemies to control exotic pests, may be negatively affected by host hybridization because of shifts in plant traits, such as root allocation or chemical constituents. We investigated introgression between two parent species of the invasive shrub tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) in the western United States, and how differences in plant traits affect interactions with a biological control agent. Introgression varied strongly with latitude of origin and was highly correlated with plant performance. Increased levels of T. ramosissima introgression resulted in both higher investment in roots and tolerance to defoliation and less resistance to insect attack. Because tamarisk hybridization occurs predictably on the western U.S. landscape, managers may be able to exploit this information to maximize control efforts. Genetic differentiation in plant traits in this system underpins the importance of plant hybridization and may explain why some biological control releases are more successful than others.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wyatt I Williams
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO, USA ; Oregon Department of Forestry, Private Forests Division Salem, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Andrew P Norton
- Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Almost three decades ago Alec Jeffreys published his seminal Nature papers on the use of minisatellite probes for DNA fingerprinting of humans (Jeffreys and colleagues Nature 1985, 314:67-73 and Nature 1985, 316:76-79). The new technology was soon adopted for many other organisms including plants, and when Hilde Nybom, Kurt Weising and Alec Jeffreys first met at the very First International Conference on DNA Fingerprinting in Berne, Switzerland, in 1990, everybody was enthusiastic about the novel method that allowed us for the first time to discriminate between humans, animals, plants and fungi on the individual level using DNA markers. A newsletter coined "Fingerprint News" was launched, T-shirts were sold, and the proceedings of the Berne conference filled a first book on "DNA fingerprinting: approaches and applications". Four more conferences were about to follow, one on each continent, and Alec Jeffreys of course was invited to all of them. Since these early days, methodologies have undergone a rapid evolution and diversification. A multitude of techniques have been developed, optimized, and eventually abandoned when novel and more efficient and/or more reliable methods appeared. Despite some overlap between the lifetimes of the different technologies, three phases can be defined that coincide with major technological advances. Whereas the first phase of DNA fingerprinting ("the past") was dominated by restriction fragment analysis in conjunction with Southern blot hybridization, the advent of the PCR in the late 1980s gave way to the development of PCR-based single- or multi-locus profiling techniques in the second phase. Given that many routine applications of plant DNA fingerprinting still rely on PCR-based markers, we here refer to these methods as "DNA fingerprinting in the present", and include numerous examples in the present review. The beginning of the third phase actually dates back to 2005, when several novel, highly parallel DNA sequencing strategies were developed that increased the throughput over current Sanger sequencing technology 1000-fold and more. High-speed DNA sequencing was soon also exploited for DNA fingerprinting in plants, either in terms of facilitated marker development, or directly in the sense of "genotyping-by-sequencing". Whereas these novel approaches are applied at an ever increasing rate also in non-model species, they are still far from routine, and we therefore treat them here as "DNA fingerprinting in the future".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Nybom
- Department of Plant Breeding–Balsgård, Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences, Fjälkestadsvägen 459, Kristianstad 29194, Sweden
| | - Kurt Weising
- Plant Molecular Systematics, Institute of Biology, University of Kassel, Kassel 34109, Germany
| | - Björn Rotter
- GenXPro GmbH, Altenhöferallee 3, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Donaldson JE, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU. Scale-area curves: a tool for understanding the ecology and distribution of invasive tree species. Biol Invasions 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-013-0602-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
12
|
Le Roux JJ, Richardson DM, Wilson JRU, Ndlovu J. Human usage in the native range may determine future genetic structure of an invasion: insights from Acacia pycnantha. BMC Ecol 2013; 13:37. [PMID: 24083397 PMCID: PMC3840604 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6785-13-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The influence of introduction history and post-introduction dynamics on genetic diversity and structure has been a major research focus in invasion biology. However, genetic diversity and structure in the invasive range can also be affected by human-mediated processes in the native range prior to species introductions, an aspect often neglected in invasion biology. Here we aim to trace the native provenance of the invasive tree Acacia pycnantha by comparing the genetic diversity and structure between populations in the native Australian range and the invasive range in South Africa. This approach also allowed us to explore how human actions altered genetic structure before and after the introduction of A. pycnantha into South Africa. We hypothesized that extensive movement and replanting in A. pycnantha’s Australian range prior to its introduction to South Africa might result in highly admixed genotypes in the introduced range, comparable genetic diversity in both ranges, and therefore preclude an accurate determination of native provenance(s) of invasive populations. Results In the native range Bayesian assignment tests identified three genetic clusters with substantial admixture and could not clearly differentiate previously identified genetic entities, corroborating admixture as a result of replantings within Australia. Assignment tests that included invasive populations from South Africa indicated similar levels of admixture compared to Australian populations and a lack of genetic structure. Invasive populations of A. pycnantha in South Africa are as genetically diverse as native populations, and could not be assigned to particular native range regions. Conclusions Our results indicate that the genetic structure of A. pycnantha in Australia has been greatly altered through various planting initiatives. Specifically, there is little geographic structure and high levels of admixture. While numerous introduction history scenarios may explain the levels of admixture observed in South Africa, planting records of A. pycnantha in Australia suggest that populations were probably already admixed before propagules were introduced to South Africa. These findings have important implications for the management of invasive A. pycnantha populations in South Africa, especially for classical biological control, and more broadly, for studies that aim to understand the evolutionary dynamics of the invasion process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes J Le Roux
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
de Macedo DM, Pereira OL, Wheeler GS, Barreto RW. Corynespora cassiicola f. sp. schinii, a Potential Biocontrol Agent for the Weed Schinus terebinthifolius in the United States. Plant Dis 2013; 97:496-500. [PMID: 30722252 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-12-0598-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Schinus terebinthifolius (Anacardiaceae), Brazilian peppertree (BP), is a major environmental weed in many tropical and subtropical areas of the globe, including Florida, Hawai'i, and Australia. This plant has been the target of a classical biocontrol project in the United States involving pathogens collected in Brazil for several years. A fungus was found in the Brazilian state of Espírito Santo causing leaf spots and severe foliage blight on BP. Examination of the morphology and internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis confirmed that the fungus is a strain of Corynespora cassiicola. Preliminary host-range tests involving 24 species, including 11 species in the family Anacardiaceae, were conducted with the fungus, and specificity toward BP was confirmed. Plants of Brazilian pepper tree from populations in Florida and Hawai'i included in the tests became severely diseased. Therefore, the recognition of a new forma specialis-Corynespora cassiicola f. sp. schinii-is proposed. The specificity of this forma specialis and the severity of the disease it caused in the field and under controlled conditions indicate that it has the potential for use as a biocontrol agent for BP in areas where it is an exotic invasive species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davi Mesquita de Macedo
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Olinto Liparini Pereira
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-000, Brazil
| | - Gregory Sherman Wheeler
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Invasive Plant Research Laboratory, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33314
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mukherjee A, Williams DA, Wheeler GS, Cuda JP, Pal S, Overholt WA. Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius) in Florida and South America: evidence of a possible niche shift driven by hybridization. Biol Invasions 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-011-0168-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
15
|
Ciosi M, Miller NJ, Toepfer S, Estoup A, Guillemaud T. Stratified dispersal and increasing genetic variation during the invasion of Central Europe by the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera. Evol Appl 2011; 4:54-70. [PMID: 25567953 PMCID: PMC3352514 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00133.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 04/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive species provide opportunities for investigating evolutionary aspects of colonization processes, including initial foundations of populations and geographic expansion. Using microsatellite markers and historical information, we characterized the genetic patterns of the invasion of the western corn rootworm (WCR), a pest of corn crops, in its largest area of expansion in Europe: Central and South-Eastern (CSE) Europe. We found that the invaded area probably corresponds to a single expanding population resulting from a single introduction of WCR and that gene flow is geographically limited within the population. In contrast to what is expected in classical colonization processes, an increase in genetic variation was observed from the center to the edge of the outbreak. Control measures against WCR at the center of the outbreak may have decreased effective population size in this area which could explain this observed pattern of genetic variation. We also found that small remote outbreaks in southern Germany and north-eastern Italy most likely originated from long-distance dispersal events from CSE Europe. We conclude that the large European outbreak is expanding by stratified dispersal, involving both continuous diffusion and discontinuous long-distance dispersal. This latter mode of dispersal may accelerate the expansion of WCR in Europe in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Ciosi
- INRA, UMR 1301 IBSV (INRA / Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis / CNRS) Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| | - N J Miller
- USDA-ARS, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Genetics Laboratory, Iowa State University Ames, IA, USA
| | - S Toepfer
- CABI Europe - Switzerland, c/o Plant Protection Directorate Hodmezovasarhely, Hungary
| | - A Estoup
- INRA, UMR CBGP (INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro) Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex, France
| | - T Guillemaud
- INRA, UMR 1301 IBSV (INRA / Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis / CNRS) Sophia Antipolis Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
Invasive hybrids and their spread dynamics pose unique opportunities to study evolutionary processes. Invasive hybrids of native Spartina foliosa and introduced S. alterniflora have expanded throughout San Francisco Bay intertidal habitats within the past 35 years by deliberate plantation and seeds floating on the tide. Our goals were to assess spatial and temporal scales of genetic structure in Spartina hybrid populations within the context of colonization history. We genotyped adult and seedling Spartina using 17 microsatellite loci and mapped their locations in three populations. All sampled seedlings were hybrids. Bayesian ordination analysis distinguished hybrid populations from parent species, clearly separated the population that originated by plantation from populations that originated naturally by seed and aligned most seedlings within each population. Population genetic structure estimated by analysis of molecular variance was substantial (F(ST)=0.21). Temporal genetic structure among age classes varied highly between populations. At one population, the divergence between adults and 2004 seedlings was low (F(ST)=0.02) whereas at another population this divergence was high (F(ST)=0.26). This latter result was consistent with local recruitment of self-fertilized seed produced by only a few parental plants. We found fine-scale spatial genetic structure at distances less than ∼200 m, further supporting local seed and/or pollen dispersal. We posit a few self-fertile plants dominating local recruitment created substantial spatial genetic structure despite initial long-distance, human dispersal of hybrid Spartina through San Francisco Bay. Fine-scale genetic structure may more strongly develop when local recruits are dominated by the offspring of a few self-fertile plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Sloop
- Section of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cuda JP, Medal JC, Gillmore JL, Habeck DH, Pedrosa-Macedo JH. Fundamental host range of Pseudophilothrips ichini s.l. (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae): a candidate biological control agent of Schinus terebinthifolius (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) in the United States. Environ Entomol 2009; 38:1642-1652. [PMID: 20021760 DOI: 10.1603/022.038.0617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae) is a non-native perennial woody plant that is one of the most invasive weeds in Florida, Hawaii, and more recently California and Texas. This plant was introduced into Florida from South America as a landscape ornamental in the late 19th century, eventually escaped cultivation, and now dominates entire ecosystems in south-central Florida. Recent DNA studies have confirmed two separate introductions of S. terebinthifolius in Florida, and there is evidence of hybridization. A thrips, Pseudophilothrips ichini s.l. (Hood) (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), is commonly found attacking shoots and flowers of S. terebinthifolius in Brazil. Immatures and occasionally adults form large aggregations on young terminal growth (stems and leaves) of the plant. Feeding damage by P. ichini s.l. frequently kills new shoots, which reduces vigor and restricts growth of S. terebinthifolius. Greenhouse and laboratory host range tests with 46 plant species in 18 families and 10 orders were conducted in Paraná, Brazil, and Florida. Results of no-choice, paired-choice, and multiple-choice tests indicated that P. ichini s.l. is capable of reproducing only on S. terebinthifolius and possibly Schinus molle L., an ornamental introduced into California from Peru that has escaped cultivation and is considered invasive. Our results showed that P. ichini s.l. posed minimal risk to mature S. molle plants or the Florida native Metopium toxiferum L. Krug and Urb. In May 2007, the federal interagency Technical Advisory Group for Biological Control Agents of Weeds (TAG) concluded P. ichini s.l. was sufficiently host specific to recommend its release from quarantine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Cuda
- Department of Entomology & Nematology, University of Florida, Bldg. 970, Natural Area Drive, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Darling JA, Folino-Rorem NC. Genetic analysis across different spatial scales reveals multiple dispersal mechanisms for the invasive hydrozoan Cordylophora in the Great Lakes. Mol Ecol 2009; 18:4827-40. [PMID: 19889038 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04405.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Discerning patterns of post-establishment spread by invasive species is critically important for the design of effective management strategies and the development of appropriate theoretical models predicting spatial expansion of introduced populations. The globally invasive colonial hydrozoan Cordylophora produces propagules both sexually and vegetatively and is associated with multiple potential dispersal mechanisms, making it a promising system to investigate complex patterns of population structure generated throughout the course of rapid range expansion. Here, we explore genetic patterns associated with the spread of this taxon within the North American Great Lakes basin. We collected intensively from eight harbours in the Chicago area in order to conduct detailed investigation of local population expansion. In addition, we collected from Lakes Michigan, Erie, and Ontario, as well as Lake Cayuga in the Finger Lakes of upstate New York in order to assess genetic structure on a regional scale. Based on data from eight highly polymorphic microsatellite loci we examined the spatial extent of clonal genotypes, assessed levels of neutral genetic diversity, and explored patterns of migration and dispersal at multiple spatial scales through assessment of population level genetic differentiation (pairwise F(ST) and factorial correspondence analysis), Bayesian inference of population structure, and assignment tests on individual genotypes. Results of these analyses indicate that Cordylophora populations in this region spread predominantly through sexually produced propagules, and that while limited natural larval dispersal can drive expansion locally, regional expansion likely relies on anthropogenic dispersal vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John A Darling
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati OH 45208, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hargraves PE. Allelopathy at the land/sea interface: microalgae and Brazilian pepper. Mar Environ Res 2008; 66:553-555. [PMID: 18835027 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2008.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Revised: 08/04/2008] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are significant contributors to biodiversity and primary production in shallow coastal habitats. The invasive Brazilian pepper (Schinusterebinthifolius) can occupy former mangrove habitats in disturbed areas, and its allelopathic capability can affect growth rates of microalgae. The four microalgae tested against dilution extracts of Schinus fruits varied in their growth response, suggesting variable but unpredictable impacts on microalgal biodiversity, primary production, and community structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul E Hargraves
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Florida Atlantic University, Ft Pierce, FL 34946, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Culley TM, Hardiman NA. The role of intraspecific hybridization in the evolution of invasiveness: a case study of the ornamental pear tree Pyrus calleryana. Biol Invasions 2009; 11:1107-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-008-9386-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
21
|
PARDINI EA, HAMRICK JL. Inferring recruitment history from spatial genetic structure within populations of the colonizing tree Albizia julibrissin (Fabaceae). Mol Ecol 2008; 17:2865-79. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2008.03807.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
22
|
Ugelvig LV, Drijfhout FP, Kronauer DJC, Boomsma JJ, Pedersen JS, Cremer S. The introduction history of invasive garden ants in Europe: integrating genetic, chemical and behavioural approaches. BMC Biol 2008; 6:11. [PMID: 18302731 PMCID: PMC2292682 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7007-6-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 02/26/2008] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The invasive garden ant, Lasius neglectus, is the most recently detected pest ant and the first known invasive ant able to become established and thrive in the temperate regions of Eurasia. In this study, we aim to reconstruct the invasion history of this ant in Europe analysing 14 populations with three complementary approaches: genetic microsatellite analysis, chemical analysis of cuticular hydrocarbon profiles and behavioural observations of aggression behaviour. We evaluate the relative informative power of the three methodological approaches and estimate both the number of independent introduction events from a yet unknown native range somewhere in the Black Sea area, and the invasive potential of the existing introduced populations. Results Three clusters of genetically similar populations were detected, and all but one population had a similar chemical profile. Aggression between populations could be predicted from their genetic and chemical distance, and two major clusters of non-aggressive groups of populations were found. However, populations of L. neglectus did not separate into clear supercolonial associations, as is typical for other invasive ants. Conclusion The three methodological approaches gave consistent and complementary results. All joint evidence supports the inference that the 14 introduced populations of L. neglectus in Europe likely arose from only very few independent introductions from the native range, and that new infestations were typically started through introductions from other invasive populations. This indicates that existing introduced populations have a very high invasive potential when the ants are inadvertently spread by human transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Line V Ugelvig
- Centre for Social Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|