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Liu X, Liu G, Fu T, Ding K, Guo J, Wang Z, Xia W, Shangguan H. Structural Design and Energy and Environmental Applications of Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks: A Systematic Review. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2400101. [PMID: 38647267 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are emerging porous materials that show high structural flexibility, mild synthetic conditions, good solution processability, easy healing and regeneration, and good recyclability. Although these properties give them many potential multifunctional applications, their frameworks are unstable due to the presence of only weak and reversible hydrogen bonds. In this work, the development history and synthesis methods of HOFs are reviewed, and categorize their structural design concepts and strategies to improve their stability. More importantly, due to the significant potential of the latest HOF-related research for addressing energy and environmental issues, this work discusses the latest advances in the methods of energy storage and conversion, energy substance generation and isolation, environmental detection and isolation, degradation and transformation, and biological applications. Furthermore, a discussion of the coupling orientation of HOF in the cross-cutting fields of energy and environment is presented for the first time. Finally, current challenges, opportunities, and strategies for the development of HOFs to advance their energy and environmental applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Resources and Environment, Moutai Institute, Renhuai, 564507, China
| | - Guangli Liu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tao Fu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Keren Ding
- AgResearch, Ruakura Research Centre, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand
| | - Jinrui Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhenran Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 611756, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Resources and Environment, Moutai Institute, Renhuai, 564507, China
| | - Huayuan Shangguan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
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2
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Chen C, Shen L, Lin H, Zhao D, Li B, Chen B. Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks for membrane separation. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2738-2760. [PMID: 38333989 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00866e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are a new class of crystalline porous materials that are formed through the interconnection of organic or metal-organic building units via intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The remarkable flexibility and reversibility of hydrogen bonds, coupled with the customizable nature of organic units, endow HOFs with mild synthesis conditions, high crystallinity, solvent processability, and facile self-healing and regeneration properties. Consequently, these features have garnered significant attention across various fields, particularly in the realm of membrane separation. Herein, we present an overview of the recent advances in HOF-based membranes, including their advanced fabrication strategies and fascinating applications in membrane separation. To attain the desired HOF-based membranes, careful consideration is dedicated to crucial factors such as pore size, stability, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, and surface charge of the HOFs. Additionally, diverse preparation methods for HOF-based membranes, including blending, in situ growth, solution-processing, and electrophoretic deposition, have been analyzed. Furthermore, applications of HOF-based membranes in gas separation, water treatment, fuel cells, and other emerging application areas are presented. Finally, the challenges and prospects of HOF-based membranes are critically pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Dieling Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Bisheng Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Banglin Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
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3
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Du S, Sun S, Ju Z, Wang W, Su K, Qiu F, Yu X, Xu G, Yuan D. Hierarchical Self-Assembly of Capsule-Shaped Zirconium Coordination Cages with Quaternary Structure. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2308445. [PMID: 38229156 PMCID: PMC10953209 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Biological macromolecules exhibit emergent functions through hierarchical self-assembly, a concept that is extended to design artificial supramolecular assemblies. Here, the first example of breaking the common parallel arrangement of capsule-shaped zirconium coordination cages is reported by constructing the hierarchical porous framework ZrR-1. ZrR-1 adopts a quaternary structure resembling protein and contains 12-connected chloride clusters, representing the highest connectivity for zirconium-based cages reported thus far. Compared to the parallel framework ZrR-2, ZrR-1 demonstrated enhanced stability in acidic aqueous solutions and a tenfold increase in BET surface area (879 m2 g-1 ). ZrR-1 also exhibits excellent proton conductivity, reaching 1.31 × 10-2 S·cm-1 at 353 K and 98% relative humidity, with a low activation energy of 0.143 eV. This finding provides insights into controlling the hierarchical self-assembly of metal-organic cages to discover superstructures with emergent properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunfu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen EnergyFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterThe Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Shihao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen EnergyFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterThe Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
| | - Zhanfeng Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen EnergyFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterThe Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen EnergyFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterThe Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Kongzhao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen EnergyFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterThe Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Fenglei Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen EnergyFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterThe Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- College of ChemistryFuzhou UniversityFuzhou350108P. R. China
| | - Xuying Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen EnergyFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterThe Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Gang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen EnergyFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterThe Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
| | - Daqiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Structural ChemistryFujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Techniques toward Hydrogen EnergyFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterThe Chinese Academy of SciencesFuzhouFujian350108P. R. China
- University of the Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049P. R. China
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4
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Lunt AM, Fakhruldeen H, Pizzuto G, Longley L, White A, Rankin N, Clowes R, Alston B, Gigli L, Day GM, Cooper AI, Chong SY. Modular, multi-robot integration of laboratories: an autonomous workflow for solid-state chemistry. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2456-2463. [PMID: 38362408 PMCID: PMC10866346 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06206f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Automation can transform productivity in research activities that use liquid handling, such as organic synthesis, but it has made less impact in materials laboratories, which require sample preparation steps and a range of solid-state characterization techniques. For example, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) is a key method in materials and pharmaceutical chemistry, but its end-to-end automation is challenging because it involves solid powder handling and sample processing. Here we present a fully autonomous solid-state workflow for PXRD experiments that can match or even surpass manual data quality, encompassing crystal growth, sample preparation, and automated data capture. The workflow involves 12 steps performed by a team of three multipurpose robots, illustrating the power of flexible, modular automation to integrate complex, multitask laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Lunt
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Hatem Fakhruldeen
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Gabriella Pizzuto
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Louis Longley
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Alexander White
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Nicola Rankin
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Rob Clowes
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Ben Alston
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Lucia Gigli
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Graeme M Day
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton SO17 1BJ UK
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Samantha Y Chong
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool L7 3NY UK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
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5
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O'Shaughnessy M, Padgham AC, Clowes R, Little MA, Brand MC, Qu H, Slater AG, Cooper AI. Controlling the Crystallisation and Hydration State of Crystalline Porous Organic Salts. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302420. [PMID: 37615406 PMCID: PMC10946969 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Crystalline porous organic salts (CPOS) are a subclass of molecular crystals. The low solubility of CPOS and their building blocks limits the choice of crystallisation solvents to water or polar alcohols, hindering the isolation, scale-up, and scope of the porous material. In this work, high throughput screening was used to expand the solvent scope, resulting in the identification of a new porous salt, CPOS-7, formed from tetrakis(4-sulfophenyl)methane (TSPM) and tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane (TAPM). CPOS-7 does not form with standard solvents for CPOS, rather a hydrated phase (Hydrate2920) previously reported is isolated. Initial attempts to translate the crystallisation to batch led to challenges with loss of crystallinity and Hydrate2920 forming favorably in the presence of excess water. Using acetic acid as a dehydrating agent hindered formation of Hydrate2920 and furthermore allowed for direct conversion to CPOS-7. To allow for direct formation of CPOS-7 in high crystallinity flow chemistry was used for the first time to circumvent the issues found in batch. CPOS-7 and Hydrate2920 were shown to have promise for water and CO2 capture, with CPOS-7 having a CO2 uptake of 4.3 mmol/g at 195 K, making it one of the most porous CPOS reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan O'Shaughnessy
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials DesignUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
| | - Alex C. Padgham
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
| | - Rob Clowes
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
| | - Marc A. Little
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
| | - Michael C. Brand
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials DesignUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
| | - Hang Qu
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
| | - Anna G. Slater
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials DesignUniversity of Liverpool51 Oxford StreetLiverpoolL7 3NYUK
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6
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Baletska S, Techert S, Velazquez-Garcia JDJ. Crystal structure of 2-methyl-1 H-imidazol-3-ium 3,5-di-carb-oxy-benzoate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2023; 79:1088-1092. [PMID: 37936847 PMCID: PMC10626955 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989023009209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the title salt, C4H7N2 +·C9H5O6 - (1), is reported. The compound is built from a protonated 2-methyl-imidazole and a singly deprotonated trimesic acid. Detailed analysis of bond distances and angles for both ions reveals subtle differences compared with their neutral mol-ecule counterpart. Analysis of the crystal packing in compound 1 reveals the formation of undulating chains by the ions through hydrogen bonding. The chains stack along the b axis through π-π inter-actions and inter-connect with other chains in an out-of-phase arrangement along the ac plane through further hydrogen-bonding inter-actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiia Baletska
- School of Physics, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., Kharkiv 61022, Ukraine
| | - Simone Techert
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Institut für Röntgenphysik, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, Göttingen, 37077, Germany
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7
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Cui P, Zhu Q, Zhang F, Liu D, Zhu W. Selective adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by isostructural hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12031-12034. [PMID: 37728438 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03131d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Two isostructural hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) with 1-D hexagonal-shaped pores were crystallised using the molecules biphenyl-3,3',5,5'-tetracarboxylic acid (BPTCA) and [1,1':4',1'']terphenyl- 3,3'',5,5''-tetracarboxylic acid (TPTCA). The desolvated HOFs, named BPTCA-2 and TPTCA-2, exhibited selective adsorption towards naphthalene and anthracene, respectively, during competitive adsorption experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
- College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, PR China.
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Dongni Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Wenshuai Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
- College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing, 102249, PR China.
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8
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Som S, Hasija A, Chopra D. From liquid to crystal via mechanochemical grinding: unique host-guest (HOF) cocrystal. Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem 2023; 79:399-408. [PMID: 37725080 DOI: 10.1107/s2053229623007519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanochemical synthesis via grinding of trimesic acid (TA, C9H6O6) and 4-chlorophenyl diphenyl phosphate (4CDP, C18H14ClO4P) (liquid at room temperature) in a 1:1 ratio resulted in the formation of an inclusion type of cocrystal. The crystallization of this phase via slow evaporation at low temperature (276-277 K) from methanol resulted in a rare `stairstep morphology' during the process of crystal growth. This morphology was not observed after crystallization of the compound from other solvents like toluene, dichloromethane, acetone, hexane and isooctane, and hence this was characteristically observed in methanol only. The characterization from single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed the formation of a cocrystal with five molecules of TA and two molecules of 4CDP in the asymmetric unit. The trimesic acid molecules form hydrogen-bonded dimers resulting in hexagonal rings, and these rings are stacked through π-π intermolecular interactions to make a hexagonal honeycomb-like structure. The phosphate molecules, 4CDP, were found to be trapped as guests in these hexagonal channels. The similarity in the packing of trimesic acid is compared in the cocrystal and the free acid quantitatively via Xpac analysis, which establishes the relationship of a `2D supramolecular construct' between them. This signifies a unique type of arrangement in which the voids created by the trimesic acid moiety do not undergo distortion by the inclusion of the guest molecules. The quantitative analysis of the intermolecular interactions using Hirshfeld surfaces and fingerprint plots deciphers the role of both strong O-H...O hydrogen bonds and weak intermolecular interactions in the crystal packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Som
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal by-Pass Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Avantika Hasija
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal by-Pass Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Deepak Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal by-Pass Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
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9
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Schön JC. Structure prediction in low dimensions: concepts, issues and examples. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2023; 381:20220246. [PMID: 37211034 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2022.0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Structure prediction of stable and metastable polymorphs of chemical systems in low dimensions has become an important field, since materials that are patterned on the nano-scale are of increasing importance in modern technological applications. While many techniques for the prediction of crystalline structures in three dimensions or of small clusters of atoms have been developed over the past three decades, dealing with low-dimensional systems-ideal one-dimensional and two-dimensional systems, quasi-one-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional systems, as well as low-dimensional composite systems-poses its own challenges that need to be addressed when developing a systematic methodology for the determination of low-dimensional polymorphs that are suitable for practical applications. Quite generally, the search algorithms that had been developed for three-dimensional systems need to be adjusted when being applied to low-dimensional systems with their own specific constraints; in particular, the embedding of the (quasi-)one-dimensional/two-dimensional system in three dimensions and the influence of stabilizing substrates need to be taken into account, both on a technical and a conceptual level. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Supercomputing simulations of advanced materials'.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Christian Schön
- Department of Nanoscience, Max-Planck-Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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10
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Butler PWV, Day GM. Reducing overprediction of molecular crystal structures via threshold clustering. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2300516120. [PMID: 37252993 PMCID: PMC10266058 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2300516120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Crystal structure prediction is becoming an increasingly valuable tool for assessing polymorphism of crystalline molecular compounds, yet invariably, it overpredicts the number of polymorphs. One of the causes for this overprediction is in neglecting the coalescence of potential energy minima, separated by relatively small energy barriers, into a single basin at finite temperature. Considering this, we demonstrate a method underpinned by the threshold algorithm for clustering potential energy minima into basins, thereby identifying kinetically stable polymorphs and reducing overprediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick W. V. Butler
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - Graeme M. Day
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, SouthamptonSO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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11
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Ding X, Luo Y, Wang W, Hu T, Chen J, Ye G. Charge-Assisted Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks with Inorganic Ammonium Regulated Switchable Open Polar Sites. Small 2023; 19:e2207771. [PMID: 36799180 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface open polar sites within the voids of porous molecular crystals define the localized physicochemical environment for critical functions such as gas separation and molecular recognition. This study presents a new charge-assisted hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) motif, by exploiting inorganic ammonium (NH4 + ) cations as H-bond donors, to regulate the assembly of C2 -symmetric carboxylic tectons for building robust H-bonded frameworks with permanent ultra-micropores and open oxygen sites. Diverse building blocks are bridged by tetrahedral NH4 + to expand distinctive H-bonded networks with varied pore architectures. Particularly, the open polar oxygen sites can be switched by altering NH4 + sources to tune the deprotonation of carboxyl-containing tectons. The activated porous PTBA·NH4 ·DMF preserves the pore architecture and open polar oxygen sites, exhibiting remarkably selective sorption of CO2 (107.8 cm3 g-1 ,195 K) over N2 (11.2 cm3 g-1 , 77 K) and H2 (1.4 cm3 g-1 , 77 K).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Ding
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Tongyang Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Gang Ye
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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12
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Cook CJ, Li W, Lui BF, Gately TJ, Al-Kaysi RO, Mueller LJ, Bardeen CJ, Beran GJO. A theoretical framework for the design of molecular crystal engines. Chem Sci 2023; 14:937-949. [PMID: 36755715 PMCID: PMC9890974 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05549j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Photomechanical molecular crystals have garnered attention for their ability to transform light into mechanical work, but difficulties in characterizing the structural changes and mechanical responses experimentally have hindered the development of practical organic crystal engines. This study proposes a new computational framework for predicting the solid-state crystal-to-crystal photochemical transformations entirely from first principles, and it establishes a photomechanical engine cycle that quantifies the anisotropic mechanical performance resulting from the transformation. The approach relies on crystal structure prediction, solid-state topochemical principles, and high-quality electronic structure methods. After validating the framework on the well-studied [4 + 4] cycloadditions in 9-methyl anthracene and 9-tert-butyl anthracene ester, the experimentally-unknown solid-state transformation of 9-carboxylic acid anthracene is predicted for the first time. The results illustrate how the mechanical work is done by relaxation of the crystal lattice to accommodate the photoproduct, rather than by the photochemistry itself. The large ∼107 J m-3 work densities computed for all three systems highlight the promise of photomechanical crystal engines. This study demonstrates the importance of crystal packing in determining molecular crystal engine performance and provides tools and insights to design improved materials in silico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J. Cook
- Department of Chemistry, University of California RiversideRiverside CA 92521USA
| | - Wangxiang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA
| | - Brandon F. Lui
- Department of Chemistry, University of California RiversideRiverside CA 92521USA
| | - Thomas J. Gately
- Department of Chemistry, University of California RiversideRiverside CA 92521USA
| | - Rabih O. Al-Kaysi
- College of Science and Health Professions-3124, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, and King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of National Guard Health AffairsRiyadh 11426Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Leonard J. Mueller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California RiversideRiverside CA 92521USA
| | | | - Gregory J. O. Beran
- Department of Chemistry, University of California RiversideRiverside CA 92521USA
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13
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Sukhikh TS, Khisamov RM, Konchenko SN. Synthesis, Crystal Packing Aspects and Pseudosymmetry in Coordination Compounds with a Phosphorylamide Ligand. Symmetry (Basel) 2023; 15:157. [DOI: 10.3390/sym15010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This work reports the synthesis and crystal structure of new closely related coordination compounds, [ML2]·nTHF, where M is Zn or Mn; L is a phosphorylmethylamide derivative of benzothiadiazole; n = 1 (M = Zn) and 1, 2 (M = Mn); and THF is tetrahydrofuran. The zinc compound, 1·THF, crystallizes in a high-symmetry space group, I41/a, that is relatively rare for compounds with organic ligands. The corresponding manganese congener, 2·THF, with a similar crystal packing, features a pseudosymmetrical structure P21/c of the doubled volume of the unit cell as compared to 1·THF. The main difference between the structures lies in a different arrangement of solvate THF molecules, which likely modulates the crystal packing of the complexes. Another manganese solvatomorph, 2·2THF, reveals a fundamentally different crystal packing while exhibiting a similar geometry of the complex. We consider the problem of localization of solvate THF molecules and the types of their disorder by the example of compounds 1–2.
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14
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Lin ZJ, Mahammed SAR, Liu TF, Cao R. Multifunctional Porous Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks: Current Status and Future Perspectives. ACS Cent Sci 2022; 8:1589-1608. [PMID: 36589879 PMCID: PMC9801510 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), self-assembled from organic or metalated organic building blocks (also termed as tectons) by hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and other intermolecular interactions, have become an emerging class of multifunctional porous materials. So far, a library of HOFs with high porosity has been synthesized based on versatile tectons and supramolecular synthons. Benefiting from the flexibility and reversibility of H-bonds, HOFs feature high structural flexibility, mild synthetic reaction, excellent solution processability, facile healing, easy regeneration, and good recyclability. However, the flexible and reversible nature of H-bonds makes most HOFs suffer from poor structural designability and low framework stability. In this Outlook, we first describe the development and structural features of HOFs and summarize the design principles of HOFs and strategies to enhance their stability. Second, we highlight the state-of-the-art development of HOFs for diverse applications, including gas storage and separation, heterogeneous catalysis, biological applications, sensing, proton conduction, and other applications. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Jin Lin
- State
Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research
on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- College
of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and
Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Shaheer A. R. Mahammed
- State
Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research
on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
| | - Tian-Fu Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research
on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian
Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic
Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
| | - Rong Cao
- State
Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research
on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, P. R. China
- Fujian
Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic
Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P. R. China
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15
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Boer SA, Conte L, Tarzia A, Huxley MT, Gardiner MG, Appadoo DRT, Ennis C, Doonan CJ, Richardson C, White NG. Water Sorption Controls Extreme Single-Crystal-to-Single-Crystal Molecular Reorganization in Hydrogen Bonded Organic Frameworks. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201929. [PMID: 35768334 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
As hydrogen bonded frameworks are held together by relatively weak interactions, they often form several different frameworks under slightly different synthesis conditions and respond dynamically to stimuli such as heat and vacuum. However, these dynamic restructuring processes are often poorly understood. In this work, three isoreticular hydrogen bonded organic frameworks assembled through charge-assisted amidinium⋅⋅⋅carboxylate hydrogen bonds (1C/C , 1Si/C and 1Si/Si ) are studied. Three distinct phases for 1C/C and four for 1Si/C and 1Si/Si are fully structurally characterized. The transitions between these phases involve extreme yet recoverable molecular-level framework reorganization. It is demonstrated that these transformations are related to water content and can be controlled by humidity, and that the non-porous anhydrous phase of 1C/C shows reversible water sorption through single crystal to crystal restructuring. This mechanistic insight opens the way for the future use of the inherent dynamism present in hydrogen bonded frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Boer
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, 2600 ACT, Australia.,ANSTO Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, 3168 VIC, Australia
| | - Luke Conte
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2520 NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Tarzia
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 SA, Australia.,Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Michael T Huxley
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 SA, Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, 2600 ACT, Australia
| | | | - Courtney Ennis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.,The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, 6140, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Christian J Doonan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Advanced Materials, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 SA, Australia
| | - Christopher Richardson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Science Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, 2520 NSW, Australia
| | - Nicholas G White
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, 2600 ACT, Australia
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16
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Yang S, Day GM. Global analysis of the energy landscapes of molecular crystal structures by applying the threshold algorithm. Commun Chem 2022; 5:86. [PMID: 36697680 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymorphism in molecular crystals has important consequences for the control of materials properties and our understanding of crystallization. Computational methods, including crystal structure prediction, have provided important insight into polymorphism, but have usually been limited to assessing the relative energies of structures. We describe the implementation of the Monte Carlo threshold algorithm as a method to provide an estimate of the energy barriers separating crystal structures. By sampling the local energy minima accessible from multiple starting structures, the simulations yield a global picture of the crystal energy landscapes and provide valuable information on the depth of the energy minima associated with crystal structures. We present results from applying the threshold algorithm to four polymorphic organic molecular crystals, examine the influence of applying space group symmetry constraints during the simulations, and discuss the relationship between the structure of the energy landscape and the intermolecular interactions present in the crystals.
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17
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Zhang Z, Cheng M, Xiao X, Bi K, Song T, Hu KQ, Dai Y, Zhou L, Liu C, Ji X, Shi WQ. Machine-Learning-Guided Identification of Coordination Polymer Ligands for Crystallizing Separation of Cs/Sr. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:33076-33084. [PMID: 35801670 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Separation of Cs/Sr is one of many coordination-chemistry-centered processes in the grand scheme of spent nuclear fuel reprocessing, a critical link for a sustainable nuclear energy industry. To deploy a crystallizing Cs/Sr separation technology, we planned to systematically screen and identify candidate ligands that can efficiently and selectively bind to Sr2+ and form coordination polymers. Therefore, we mined the Cambridge Structural Database for characteristic structural information and developed a machine-learning-guided methodology for ligand evaluation. The optimized machine-learning model, correlating the molecular structures of the ligands with the predicted coordinative properties, generated a ranking list of potential compounds for Cs/Sr selective crystallization. The Sr2+ sequestration capability and selectivity over Cs+ of the promising ligands identified (squaric acid and chloranilic acid) were subsequently confirmed experimentally, with commendable performances, corroborating the artificial-intelligence-guided strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Kexin Bi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Kong-Qiu Hu
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyang Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Ji
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Qun Shi
- Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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18
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19
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Zhu Q, Johal J, Widdowson DE, Pang Z, Li B, Kane CM, Kurlin V, Day GM, Little MA, Cooper AI. Analogy Powered by Prediction and Structural Invariants: Computationally Led Discovery of a Mesoporous Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Cage Crystal. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9893-9901. [PMID: 35634799 PMCID: PMC9490843 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Mesoporous molecular
crystals have potential applications in separation
and catalysis, but they are rare and hard to design because many weak
interactions compete during crystallization, and most molecules have
an energetic preference for close packing. Here, we combine crystal
structure prediction (CSP) with structural invariants to continuously
qualify the similarity between predicted crystal structures for related
molecules. This allows isomorphous substitution strategies, which
can be unreliable for molecular crystals, to be augmented by a priori prediction, thus leveraging the power of both approaches.
We used this combined approach to discover a rare example of a low-density
(0.54 g cm–3) mesoporous hydrogen-bonded framework
(HOF), 3D-CageHOF-1. This structure comprises an organic
cage (Cage-3-NH2) that was predicted
to form kinetically trapped, low-density polymorphs via CSP. Pointwise distance distribution structural invariants revealed
five predicted forms of Cage-3-NH2 that are analogous to experimentally realized porous crystals of
a chemically different but geometrically similar molecule, T2. More broadly, this approach overcomes the difficulties in comparing
predicted molecular crystals with varying lattice parameters, thus
allowing for the systematic comparison of energy–structure
landscapes for chemically dissimilar molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhu
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Jay Johal
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | | | - Zhongfu Pang
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Boyu Li
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Christopher M. Kane
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Vitaliy Kurlin
- Computer Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, U.K
| | - Graeme M. Day
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K
| | - Marc A. Little
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Andrew I. Cooper
- Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
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20
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Nassimbeni LR, Sykes NM. Inclusion compounds: structure, kinetics and selectivity. CRYSTALLOGR REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/0889311x.2022.2067849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi R. Nassimbeni
- Centre for Supramolecular Chemistry Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicole M. Sykes
- Centre for Supramolecular Chemistry Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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21
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di Nunzio MR, Suzuki Y, Hisaki I, Douhal A. HOFs Built from Hexatopic Carboxylic Acids: Structure, Porosity, Stability, and Photophysics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1929. [PMID: 35216044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) have attracted renewed attention as another type of promising candidates for functional porous materials. In most cases of HOF preparation, the applied molecular design principle is based on molecules with rigid π-conjugated skeleton together with more than three H-bonding groups to achieve 2D- or 3D-networked structures. However, the design principle does not always work, but results in formation of unexpected structures, where subtle structural factors of which we are not aware dictate the entire structure of HOFs. In this contribution, we assess recent advances in HOFs, focusing on those composed of hexatopic building block molecules, which can provide robust frameworks with a wide range of topologies and properties. The HOFs described in this work are classified into three types, depending on their H-bonded structural motifs. Here in, we focus on: (1) the chemical aspects that govern their unique fundamental chemistry and structures; and (2) their photophysics at the ensemble and single-crystal levels. The work addresses and discusses how these aspects affect and orient their photonic applicability. We trust that this contribution will provide a deep awareness and will help scientists to build up a systematic series of porous materials with the aim to control both their structural and photodynamical assets.
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22
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Hughes DS, Bingham AL, Hursthouse MB, Threlfall TL, Bond AD. The extensive solid-form landscape of sulfathiazole: hydrogen-bond topology and node shape. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00964a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Patterns of hydrogen bonds are described in a set of 101 crystal structures containing sulfathiazole. Topological analysis of the hydrogen-bond nets is augmented by comparison of the shapes of the nodes extracted from each net.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S. Hughes
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Ann L. Bingham
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- CHEP, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Michael B. Hursthouse
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Terry L. Threlfall
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Andrew D. Bond
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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23
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Abstract
Organic porous crystals from small and non-cyclic organic molecules can be constructed by various intermolecular weak interactions. Owing to their precise stacking types, intermolecular interaction and pore microstructure, the relationship...
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24
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Beran GJO, Sugden IJ, Greenwell C, Bowskill DH, Pantelides CC, Adjiman CS. How many more polymorphs of ROY remain undiscovered. Chem Sci 2022; 13:1288-1297. [PMID: 35222912 PMCID: PMC8809489 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06074k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With 12 crystal forms, 5-methyl-2-[(2-nitrophenyl)amino]-3-thiophenecabonitrile (a.k.a. ROY) holds the current record for the largest number of fully characterized organic crystal polymorphs. Four of these polymorph structures have been reported since 2019, raising the question of how many more ROY polymorphs await future discovery. Employing crystal structure prediction and accurate energy rankings derived from conformational energy-corrected density functional theory, this study presents the first crystal energy landscape for ROY that agrees well with experiment. The lattice energies suggest that the seven most stable ROY polymorphs (and nine of the twelve lowest-energy forms) on the Z′ = 1 landscape have already been discovered experimentally. Discovering any new polymorphs at ambient pressure will likely require specialized crystallization techniques capable of trapping metastable forms. At pressures above 10 GPa, however, a new crystal form is predicted to become enthalpically more stable than all known polymorphs, suggesting that further high-pressure experiments on ROY may be warranted. This work highlights the value of high-accuracy crystal structure prediction for solid-form screening and demonstrates how pragmatic conformational energy corrections can overcome the limitations of conventional density functionals for conformational polymorphs. Crystal structure prediction suggests that the low-energy polymorphs of ROY have already been found, but a new high-pressure form is predicted.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J. O. Beran
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Isaac J. Sugden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Chandler Greenwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - David H. Bowskill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Constantinos C. Pantelides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Claire S. Adjiman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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25
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Abstract
Supramolecular materials-materials that exploit non-covalent interactions-are increasing in structural complexity, selectivity, function, stability, and scalability, but their use in applications has been comparatively limited. In this Minireview, we summarize the opportunities presented by enabling technology-flow chemistry, high-throughput screening, and automation-to wield greater control over the processes in supramolecular chemistry and accelerate the discovery and use of self-assembled systems. Finally, we give an outlook for how these tools could transform the future of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Ollerton
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L. Greenaway
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna G. Slater
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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26
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Bäumer N, Matern J, Fernández G. Recent progress and future challenges in the supramolecular polymerization of metal-containing monomers. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12248-12265. [PMID: 34603655 PMCID: PMC8480320 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03388c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-assembly of discrete molecular entities into functional nanomaterials has become a major research area in the past decades. The library of investigated compounds has diversified significantly, while the field as a whole has matured. The incorporation of metal ions in the molecular design of the (supra-)molecular building blocks greatly expands the potential applications, while also offering a promising approach to control molecular recognition and attractive and/or repulsive intermolecular binding events. Hence, supramolecular polymerization of metal-containing monomers has emerged as a major research focus in the field. In this perspective article, we highlight recent significant advances in supramolecular polymerization of metal-containing monomers and discuss their implications for future research. Additionally, we also outline some major challenges that metallosupramolecular chemists (will) have to face to produce metallosupramolecular polymers (MSPs) with advanced applications and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Bäumer
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Jonas Matern
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Gustavo Fernández
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstraße 36 48149 Münster Germany
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27
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Pyzer-Knapp EO, Chen L, Day GM, Cooper AI. Accelerating computational discovery of porous solids through improved navigation of energy-structure-function maps. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/33/eabi4763. [PMID: 34389543 PMCID: PMC8363149 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi4763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
While energy-structure-function (ESF) maps are a powerful new tool for in silico materials design, the cost of acquiring an ESF map for many properties is too high for routine integration into high-throughput virtual screening workflows. Here, we propose the next evolution of the ESF map. This uses parallel Bayesian optimization to selectively acquire energy and property data, generating the same levels of insight at a fraction of the computational cost. We use this approach to obtain a two orders of magnitude speedup on an ESF study that focused on the discovery of molecular crystals for methane capture, saving more than 500,000 central processing unit hours from the original protocol. By accelerating the acquisition of insight from ESF maps, we pave the way for the use of these maps in automated ultrahigh-throughput screening pipelines by greatly reducing the opportunity risk associated with the choice of system to calculate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linjiang Chen
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Graeme M Day
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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29
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di Nunzio MR, Hisaki I, Douhal A. HOFs under light: Relevance to photon-based science and applications. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2021.100418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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30
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Maffettone PM, Banko L, Cui P, Lysogorskiy Y, Little MA, Olds D, Ludwig A, Cooper AI. Crystallography companion agent for high-throughput materials discovery. Nat Comput Sci 2021; 1:290-297. [PMID: 38217168 DOI: 10.1038/s43588-021-00059-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The discovery of new structural and functional materials is driven by phase identification, often using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Automation has accelerated the rate of XRD measurements, greatly outpacing XRD analysis techniques that remain manual, time-consuming, error-prone and impossible to scale. With the advent of autonomous robotic scientists or self-driving laboratories, contemporary techniques prohibit the integration of XRD. Here, we describe a computer program for the autonomous characterization of XRD data, driven by artificial intelligence (AI), for the discovery of new materials. Starting from structural databases, we train an ensemble model using a physically accurate synthetic dataset, which outputs probabilistic classifications-rather than absolutes-to overcome the overconfidence in traditional neural networks. This AI agent behaves as a companion to the researcher, improving accuracy and offering substantial time savings. It is demonstrated on a diverse set of organic and inorganic materials characterization challenges. This method is directly applicable to inverse design approaches and robotic discovery systems, and can be immediately considered for other forms of characterization such as spectroscopy and the pair distribution function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip M Maffettone
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Lars Banko
- Institute for Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Peng Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Yury Lysogorskiy
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Simulation (ICAMS), Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marc A Little
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniel Olds
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Alfred Ludwig
- Institute for Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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31
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Bialas D, Kirchner E, Röhr MIS, Würthner F. Perspectives in Dye Chemistry: A Rational Approach toward Functional Materials by Understanding the Aggregate State. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4500-4518. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c13245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Bialas
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Eva Kirchner
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Merle I. S. Röhr
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Würthner
- Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Theodor-Boveri-Weg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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32
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Cao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore, CARES Ltd. Singapore
| | - Danilo Russo
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Alexei A. Lapkin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Cambridge Centre for Advanced Research and Education in Singapore, CARES Ltd. Singapore
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33
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Greenaway RL, Jelfs KE. Integrating Computational and Experimental Workflows for Accelerated Organic Materials Discovery. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2004831. [PMID: 33565203 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organic materials find application in a range of areas, including optoelectronics, sensing, encapsulation, molecular separations, and photocatalysis. The discovery of materials is frustratingly slow however, particularly when contrasted to the vast chemical space of possibilities based on the near limitless options for organic molecular precursors. The difficulty in predicting the material assembly, and consequent properties, of any molecule is another significant roadblock to targeted materials design. There has been significant progress in the development of computational approaches to screen large numbers of materials, for both their structure and properties, helping guide synthetic researchers toward promising materials. In particular, artificial intelligence techniques have the potential to make significant impact in many elements of the discovery process. Alongside this, automation and robotics are increasing the scale and speed with which materials synthesis can be realized. Herein, the focus is on demonstrating the power of integrating computational and experimental materials discovery programmes, including both a summary of key situations where approaches can be combined and a series of case studies that demonstrate recent successes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Greenaway
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, UK
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34
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Zhao C, Chen L, Che Y, Pang Z, Wu X, Lu Y, Liu H, Day GM, Cooper AI. Digital navigation of energy-structure-function maps for hydrogen-bonded porous molecular crystals. Nat Commun 2021; 12:817. [PMID: 33547307 PMCID: PMC7865007 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21091-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy-structure-function (ESF) maps can aid the targeted discovery of porous molecular crystals by predicting the stable crystalline arrangements along with their functions of interest. Here, we compute ESF maps for a series of rigid molecules that comprise either a triptycene or a spiro-biphenyl core, functionalized with six different hydrogen-bonding moieties. We show that the positioning of the hydrogen-bonding sites, as well as their number, has a profound influence on the shape of the resulting ESF maps, revealing promising structure-function spaces for future experiments. We also demonstrate a simple and general approach to representing and inspecting the high-dimensional data of an ESF map, enabling an efficient navigation of the ESF data to identify 'landmark' structures that are energetically favourable or functionally interesting. This is a step toward the automated analysis of ESF maps, an important goal for closed-loop, autonomous searches for molecular crystals with useful functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxi Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Linjiang Chen
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yu Che
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Zhongfu Pang
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Xiaofeng Wu
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunxiang Lu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Honglai Liu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Graeme M Day
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, Materials Innovation Factory and Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Centre, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
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35
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Boer SA, Yu LJ, Genet TL, Low K, Cullen DA, Gardiner MG, Coote ML, White NG. What's in an Atom? A Comparison of Carbon and Silicon-Centred Amidinium⋅⋅⋅Carboxylate Frameworks*. Chemistry 2021; 27:1768-1776. [PMID: 32924234 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite their apparent similarity, framework materials based on tetraphenylmethane and tetraphenylsilane building blocks often have quite different structures and topologies. Herein, we describe a new silicon tetraamidinium compound and use it to prepare crystalline hydrogen bonded frameworks with carboxylate anions in water. The silicon-containing frameworks are compared with those prepared from the analogous carbon tetraamidinium: when biphenyldicarboxylate or tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)methane anions were used similar channel-containing networks are observed for both the silicon and carbon tetraamidinium. When terephthalate or bicarbonate anions were used, different products form. Insights into possible reasons for the different products are provided by a survey of the Cambridge Structural Database and quantum chemical calculations, both of which indicate that, contrary to expectations, tetraphenylsilane derivatives have less geometrical flexibility than tetraphenylmethane derivatives, that is, they are less able to distort away from ideal tetrahedral bond angles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Boer
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Li-Juan Yu
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Tobias L Genet
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Kaycee Low
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Duncan A Cullen
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Michael G Gardiner
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Michelle L Coote
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Nicholas G White
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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36
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Abe H, Kobayashi T, Hoshino N, Takeda T, Suzuki Y, Kawamata J, Akutagawa T. Dynamic structural reconstruction of (guanidinium+)2(benzene-1,4-disulfonate2−) host crystal by guest adsorption. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01616k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Guanidinium (G+) and benzene-1,4-disulfonate (BDS2−) form a rigid electrostatic cation–anion crystal lattice, which undergoes an interesting dynamic structural reconstruction through guest adsorption–desorption processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Abe
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
| | | | - Norihisa Hoshino
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM)
| | - Takashi Takeda
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM)
| | - Yasutaka Suzuki
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation
- Yamaguchi University
- Yamaguchi 753-8512
- Japan
| | - Jun Kawamata
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation
- Yamaguchi University
- Yamaguchi 753-8512
- Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Akutagawa
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8579
- Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM)
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37
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Abstract
Reactive crystallization is not new, but there has been recent growth in its use as a means of improving performance and sustainability of industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. McDonald
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Hossein Salami
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Patrick R. Harris
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Colton E. Lagerman
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Xiaochuan Yang
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- Silver Spring
- USA
| | - Andreas S. Bommarius
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Martha A. Grover
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Ronald W. Rousseau
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
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38
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Abstract
We review the current techniques used in the prediction of crystal structures and their surfaces and of the structures of nanoparticles. The main classes of search algorithm and energy function are summarized, and we discuss the growing role of methods based on machine learning. We illustrate the current status of the field with examples taken from metallic, inorganic and organic systems. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Dynamic in situ microscopy relating structure and function'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Woodley
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Graeme M Day
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - R Catlow
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, UK
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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39
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Abstract
This article discusses the formation of trimesic acid (TMA) solvates with ethanol, isopropyl alcohol and dimethylformamide via liquid-assisted grinding and slurry experiments. Through the use of X-ray diffraction methods, we highlight the formation of a new ethanol solvate of TMA that completes the series of alcohol solvates observed, a temperature-induced phase transition in the isopropyl alcohol solvate between 233 K and 243 K, and a transient 1:3 solvate with dimethylformamide that mimics a previously identified dimethylsulfoxide solvate. The alcohol structures possess a TMA framework that is geometrically similar where the intermolecular energies between TMA molecules are equivalent. We have observed that increasing the length of the alcohol induces an increase in the distortion of the TMA framework to accommodate the longer alkyl tails.
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40
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Taylor CR, Mulvee MT, Perenyi DS, Probert MR, Day GM, Steed JW. Minimizing Polymorphic Risk through Cooperative Computational and Experimental Exploration. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16668-16680. [PMID: 32897065 PMCID: PMC7586337 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We
combine state-of-the-art computational crystal structure prediction
(CSP) techniques with a wide range of experimental crystallization
methods to understand and explore crystal structure in pharmaceuticals
and minimize the risk of unanticipated late-appearing polymorphs.
Initially, we demonstrate the power of CSP to rationalize the difficulty
in obtaining polymorphs of the well-known pharmaceutical isoniazid
and show that CSP provides the structure of the recently obtained,
but unsolved, Form III of this drug despite there being only a single
resolved form for almost 70 years. More dramatically, our blind CSP
study predicts a significant risk of polymorphism for the related
iproniazid. Employing a wide variety of experimental techniques, including
high-pressure experiments, we experimentally obtained the first three
known nonsolvated crystal forms of iproniazid, all of which were successfully
predicted in the CSP procedure. We demonstrate the power of CSP methods
and free energy calculations to rationalize the observed elusiveness
of the third form of iproniazid, the success of high-pressure experiments
in obtaining it, and the ability of our synergistic computational-experimental
approach to “de-risk” solid form landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Taylor
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1NX, U.K
| | - Matthew T Mulvee
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Domonkos S Perenyi
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Michael R Probert
- Chemistry, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Graeme M Day
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1NX, U.K
| | - Jonathan W Steed
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
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41
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Greenaway RL, Jelfs KE. High-Throughput Approaches for the Discovery of Supramolecular Organic Cages. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1813-1823. [PMID: 32833311 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The assembly of complex molecules, such as organic cages, can be achieved through supramolecular and dynamic covalent strategies. Their use in a range of applications has been demonstrated, including gas uptake, molecular separations, and in catalysis. However, the targeted design and synthesis of new species for particular applications is challenging, particularly as the systems become more complex. High-throughput computation-only and experiment-only approaches have been developed to streamline the discovery process, although are still not widely implemented. Additionally, combined hybrid workflows can dramatically accelerate the discovery process and lead to the serendipitous discovery and rationalisation of new supramolecular assemblies that would not have been designed based on intuition alone. This Minireview focuses on the advances in high-throughput approaches that have been developed and applied in the discovery of supramolecular organic cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Greenaway
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Kim E Jelfs
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, White City Campus, Wood Lane, London, W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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42
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Abstract
As a novel class of porous crystalline materials, hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), self-assembled from organic or metal-organic building blocks through intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions, have attracted more and more attention. Over the past decade, a number of porous HOFs have been constructed through judicious selection of H-bonding motifs, which are further enforced by other weak intermolecular interactions such as π-π stacking and van der Waals forces and framework interpenetration. Since the H-bonds are weaker than coordinate and covalent bonds used for the construction of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), HOFs have some unique features such as mild synthesis condition, solution processability, easy healing, and regeneration. These features enable HOFs to be a tunable platform for the construction of functional materials. Here, we review the H-bonding motifs used for constructing porous HOFs and highlight some of their applications, including gas separation and storage, chiral separation and structure determination, fluorescent sensing, heterogeneous catalysis, biological applications, proton conduction, photoluminescent materials, and membrane-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 350007, P.R. China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, United States
| | - Rui-Biao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, United States
| | - Zhangjing Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 350007, P.R. China
| | - Shengchang Xiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, 32 Shangsan Road, Fuzhou 350007, P.R. China
| | - Banglin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, United States
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43
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Cui P, Svensson Grape E, Spackman PR, Wu Y, Clowes R, Day GM, Inge AK, Little MA, Cooper AI. An Expandable Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework Characterized by Three-Dimensional Electron Diffraction. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12743-12750. [PMID: 32597187 PMCID: PMC7467715 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A molecular crystal of a 2-D hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) undergoes an unusual structural transformation after solvent removal from the crystal pores during activation. The conformationally flexible host molecule, ABTPA, adapts its molecular conformation during activation to initiate a framework expansion. The microcrystalline activated phase was characterized by three-dimensional electron diffraction (3D ED), which revealed that ABTPA uses out-of-plane anthracene units as adaptive structural anchors. These units change orientation to generate an expanded, lower density framework material in the activated structure. The porous HOF, ABTPA-2, has robust dynamic porosity (SABET = 1183 m2 g-1) and exhibits negative area thermal expansion. We use crystal structure prediction (CSP) to understand the underlying energetics behind the structural transformation and discuss the challenges facing CSP for such flexible molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cui
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Erik Svensson Grape
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
| | - Peter R Spackman
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.,Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Rob Clowes
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Graeme M Day
- Computational Systems Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.K.,Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - A Ken Inge
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm 106 91, Sweden
| | - Marc A Little
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
| | - Andrew I Cooper
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K.,Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, U.K
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44
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Shunnar AF, Dhokale B, Karothu DP, Bowskill DH, Sugden IJ, Hernandez HH, Naumov P, Mohamed S. Efficient Screening for Ternary Molecular Ionic Cocrystals Using a Complementary Mechanosynthesis and Computational Structure Prediction Approach. Chemistry 2020; 26:4752-4765. [PMID: 31793669 PMCID: PMC7187361 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of molecular ionic cocrystals (ICCs) of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) widens the opportunities for optimizing the physicochemical properties of APIs whilst facilitating the delivery of multiple therapeutic agents. However, ICCs are often observed serendipitously in crystallization screens and the factors dictating their crystallization are poorly understood. We demonstrate here that mechanochemical ball milling is a versatile technique for the reproducible synthesis of ternary molecular ICCs in less than 30 min of grinding with or without solvent. Computational crystal structure prediction (CSP) calculations have been performed on ternary molecular ICCs for the first time and the observed crystal structures of all the ICCs were correctly predicted. Periodic dispersion-corrected DFT calculations revealed that all the ICCs are thermodynamically stable (mean stabilization energy=-2 kJ mol-1 ) relative to the crystallization of a physical mixture of the binary salt and acid. The results suggest that a combined mechanosynthesis and CSP approach could be used to target the synthesis of higher-order molecular ICCs with functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer F. Shunnar
- Department of ChemistryKhalifa University of Science and TechnologyP.O. Box 127788Abu DhabiUAE
| | - Bhausaheb Dhokale
- Department of ChemistryKhalifa University of Science and TechnologyP.O. Box 127788Abu DhabiUAE
| | | | - David H. Bowskill
- Molecular Systems Engineering GroupCentre for Process Systems EngineeringDepartment of Chemical EngineeringImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Isaac J. Sugden
- Molecular Systems Engineering GroupCentre for Process Systems EngineeringDepartment of Chemical EngineeringImperial College LondonLondonSW7 2AZUK
| | - Hector H. Hernandez
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringCenter for Membrane and Advanced Water TechnologyKhalifa University of Science and TechnologyMasdar Campus P.O. Box 127788Abu DhabiUAE
| | - Panče Naumov
- New York University Abu DhabiP.O. Box 129188Abu DhabiUAE
| | - Sharmarke Mohamed
- Department of ChemistryKhalifa University of Science and TechnologyP.O. Box 127788Abu DhabiUAE
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45
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Tothadi S, Koner K, Dey K, Addicoat M, Banerjee R. Morphological Evolution of Two-Dimensional Porous Hexagonal Trimesic Acid Framework. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:15588-15594. [PMID: 32155330 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hexagonal single crystal structure (Form II) of trimesic acid (TMA) has been isolated by dissolving the interpenetrated Form I of TMA in tetrahydrofuran. Form II (hexagonal) was converted to Form I (interpenetrated) at room temperature through some intermediate structures. A detailed time-dependent FESEM study shows that the external morphology of Form II (hexagonal) is a hollow hexagonal tube that mimics its crystal structure. The block-shaped (morphology) of Form I (interpenetrated) was converted to the hollow hexagonal tube through some intermediate morphologies which are corresponding to particular crystal structures. Here, we have established a strong correlation between crystal structures with the morphology. These hollow tubes have been employed for Rhodamine B dye adsorption studies and showed an uptake of 82%, much more significant than Form I (interpenetrated) (39%) due to the presence of a pore channel in the crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinu Tothadi
- Organic Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Kalipada Koner
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Kaushik Dey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Matthew Addicoat
- Academy Nottingham Trent University, 50 Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, United Kingdom
| | - Rahul Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur Campus, Mohanpur 741246, India
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46
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Wang R, Yan C, Zhang H, Guo Z, Zhu WH. In vivo real-time tracking of tumor-specific biocatalysis in cascade nanotheranostics enables synergistic cancer treatment. Chem Sci 2020; 11:3371-3377. [PMID: 34122845 PMCID: PMC8157340 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc00290a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose oxidase (GOD)-based synergistic cancer therapy has aroused great research interest in the context of cancer treatment due to the inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, this emerging therapeutic system still lacks a strategy to predict and regulate the in vivo biocatalytic behavior of GOD in real time to minimize the side effects on normal tissues. Herein, we developed a tumor-specific cascade nanotheranostic system (BNG) that combines GOD-catalyzed oxidative stress and dual-channel fluorescent sensing, significantly improving the synergistic therapeutic efficacy with real-time feedback information. The nanotheranostic system remains completely silent in the blood circulatory system and selectively releases GOD enzymes in the tumor site, with enhanced near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence at 825 nm. Subsequently, GOD catalyzes H2O2 production, triggering cascade reactions with NIR fluorescence at 650 nm as an optical output, along with GSH depletion, enabling synergistic cancer treatment. The designed nanotheranostic system, integrated with tumor-activated cascade reactions and triggering a dual-channel output at each step, represents an insightful paradigm for precise cooperative cancer therapy. Herein, we described the strategy of cascade nanotheranostics for in real-time tracking of GOD release and thus provide the feedback information of biocatalysis cascade process with significantly enhanced in vivo therapeutic efficiency. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruofei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Chenxu Yan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Hehe Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zhiqian Guo
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Wei-Hong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
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Abstract
AbstractThis review covers construction and properties of porous molecular crystals (PMCs) constructed through hydrogen-bonding of C3-symmetric, rigid, π-conjugated molecular building blocks possessing carboxyaryl groups, which was reported in the last 5 years by the author’s group. PMCs with well-defined, self-standing pores have been attracted attention due to various functionalities provided by selective and reversible inclusion of certain chemical species into the pores. However, it has been recognized for long time that construction of PMCs with permanent porosity is not easy due to weakness of noncovalent intermolecular interactions. Systematic construction of PMCs have been limited so far. To overcome this problem, the author has proposed a unique molecular design concept based on C3-symmetric π-conjugated molecules (C3PIs) possessing o-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)benzene moieties in their periphery and demonstrated that C3PIs systematically yielded hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) composed of H-bonded 2D hexagonal networks (H-HexNets) or interpenetrated 3D pcu-networks, which exhibit permanent porosity, significant thermal stability, polar solvent durability, robustness/flexibility, and/or multifunctionality.
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