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Qian J, Lan H, Huang L, Zheng S, Hu X, Chen M, Lee JEY, Zhang W. Acoustofluidics for simultaneous droplet transport and centrifugation facilitating ultrasensitive biomarker detection. Lab Chip 2023; 23:4343-4351. [PMID: 37718921 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00626c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Trace biological sample detection is critical for the analysis of pathologies in biomedicine. Integration of microfluidic manipulation techniques typically strengthens biosensing performance. For instance, using isothermal amplification reactions to sense trace miRNA in peripheral circulation lacks a sufficiently complex pretreatment process that limits the sensitivity of on-chip detection. Herein we propose an orthogonal tunable acoustic tweezer (OTAT) to simultaneously actuate the transportation and centrifugation of μ-droplets on a single device. The OTAT enables diversified modes of droplet transportation such as unidirectional transport, multi-direction transport, round-trip transport, tilt angle movement, multi-droplet fusion, and continuous centrifugation of the dynamic droplets simultaneously. The multiplicity of modalities enables the focusing of a loaded analyte at the center of the droplet or constant rotation about the center axis of the droplet. We herein demonstrate the OTAT's ability to actuate transportation, fusion, and centrifugation-based pretreatment of two biological sample droplets loaded with miRNA biomarkers and multiple mixtures, as well as facilitating the increase of fluorescence detection sensitivity by an order of magnitude compared to traditional tube reaction methods. The results herein demonstrate the OTAT-based droplet acoustofluidic platform's ability to combine a wide range of biosensing mechanisms and provide a higher accuracy of detection for one-stop point-of-care disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingui Qian
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Huaize Lan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Liang Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Shaohui Zheng
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, China.
| | - Xuefeng Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Minghui Chen
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221006, China.
| | - Joshua E-Y Lee
- School of Electrical and Data Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Zeng Y, Khor JW, van Neel TL, Tu WC, Berthier J, Thongpang S, Berthier E, Theberge AB. Miniaturizing chemistry and biology using droplets in open systems. Nat Rev Chem 2023; 7:439-455. [PMID: 37117816 PMCID: PMC10107581 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Open droplet microfluidic systems manipulate droplets on the picolitre-to-microlitre scale in an open environment. They combine the compartmentalization and control offered by traditional droplet-based microfluidics with the accessibility and ease-of-use of open microfluidics, bringing unique advantages to applications such as combinatorial reactions, droplet analysis and cell culture. Open systems provide direct access to droplets and allow on-demand droplet manipulation within the system without needing pumps or tubes, which makes the systems accessible to biologists without sophisticated setups. Furthermore, these systems can be produced with simple manufacturing and assembly steps that allow for manufacturing at scale and the translation of the method into clinical research. This Review introduces the different types of open droplet microfluidic system, presents the physical concepts leveraged by these systems and highlights key applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jian Wei Khor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tammi L van Neel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wan-Chen Tu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jean Berthier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sanitta Thongpang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakorn Pathom, Thailand
| | - Erwin Berthier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Ashleigh B Theberge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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Li C, McCrone S, Warrick JW, Andes DR, Hite Z, Volk CF, Rose WE, Beebe DJ. Under-oil open microfluidic systems for rapid phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Lab Chip 2023; 23:2005-2015. [PMID: 36883560 PMCID: PMC10581760 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00066d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) remains the cornerstone of effective antimicrobial selection and optimization in patients. Despite recent advances in rapid pathogen identification and resistance marker detection with molecular diagnostics (e.g., qPCR, MALDI-TOF MS), phenotypic (i.e., microbial culture-based) AST methods - the gold standard in hospitals/clinics - remain relatively unchanged over the last few decades. Microfluidics-based phenotypic AST has been growing fast in recent years, aiming for rapid (i.e., turnaround time <8 h), high-throughput, and automated species identification, resistance detection, and antibiotics screening. In this pilot study, we describe the application of a multi-liquid-phase open microfluidic system, named under-oil open microfluidic systems (UOMS), to achieve a rapid phenotypic AST. UOMS provides an open microfluidics-based solution for rapid phenotypic AST (UOMS-AST) by implementing and recording a pathogen's antimicrobial activity in micro-volume testing units under an oil overlay. UOMS-AST allows free physical access (e.g., by standard pipetting) to the system and label-free, single-cell resolution optical access. UOMS-AST can accurately and rapidly determine antimicrobial activities [including susceptibility/resistance breakpoint and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)] from nominal sample/bacterial cells in a system aligned with clinical laboratory standards where open systems and optical microscopy are predominantly adopted. Further, we combine UOMS-AST with a cloud lab data analytic technique for real-time image analysis and report generation to provide a rapid (<4 h) sample-to-report turnaround time, shedding light on its utility as a versatile (e.g., low-resource setting and manual laboratory operation, or high-throughput automated system) phenotypic AST platform for hospital/clinic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Sue McCrone
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Jay W. Warrick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - David R. Andes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Zachary Hite
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Cecilia F. Volk
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Warren E. Rose
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - David J. Beebe
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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Lan H, Qian J, Liu Y, Lu S, Zhang B, Huang L, Hu X, Zhang W. Swirl-like Acoustofluidic Stirring Facilitates Microscale Reactions in Sessile Droplets. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:837. [PMID: 37421070 DOI: 10.3390/mi14040837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Sessile droplets play a crucial role in the microreactors of biochemical samples. Acoustofluidics provide a non-contact and label-free method for manipulating particles, cells, and chemical analytes in droplets. In the present study, we propose a micro-stirring application based on acoustic swirls in sessile droplets. The acoustic swirls are formed inside the droplets by asymmetric coupling of surface acoustic waves (SAWs). With the merits of the slanted design of the interdigital electrode, the excitation position of SAWs is selective by sweeping in wide frequency ranges, allowing for the droplet position to be customized within the aperture region. We verify the reasonable existence of acoustic swirls in sessile droplets by a combination of simulations and experiments. The different periphery of the droplet meeting with SAWs will produce acoustic streaming phenomena with different intensities. The experiments demonstrate that acoustic swirls formed after SAWs encountering droplet boundaries will be more obvious. The acoustic swirls have strong stirring abilities to rapidly dissolve the yeast cell powder granules. Therefore, acoustic swirls are expected to be an effective means for rapid stirring of biomolecules and chemicals, providing a new approach to micro-stirring in biomedicine and chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaize Lan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Special Display and Imaging Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province, Academy of Optoelectronic Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Jingui Qian
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Special Display and Imaging Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province, Academy of Optoelectronic Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yansong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Special Display and Imaging Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province, Academy of Optoelectronic Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Shanshan Lu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Special Display and Imaging Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province, Academy of Optoelectronic Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Special Display and Imaging Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province, Academy of Optoelectronic Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xuefeng Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Special Display and Imaging Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province, Academy of Optoelectronic Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Measuring Theory and Precision Instrument, School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- Special Display and Imaging Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province, Academy of Optoelectronic Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Aubry
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Hyun Jee Lee
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Hang Lu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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