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Mesgarani A, Hoshyari N, Mousazadeh M, Kabbazzadeh A, Department of Endodontics, Sari Dental School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Department of Endodontics, Sari Dental School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Health Science Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, Private Dentistry Practice, Sari, Iran. Ex Vivo Comparison of File Fracture and File Deformation in Canals with Moderate Curvature: Neolix Rotary System versus Manual K-files. J Res Dent Maxillofac Sci 2022; 7:219-225. [DOI: 10.52547/jrdms.7.4.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
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Bheda P, Kakade A, Takate V, Juneja A, Dighe K, Gupta B. Effect of Different Preparation Techniques on Root Canal Geometry: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022; 15:S71-S79. [PMID: 35645499 PMCID: PMC9108813 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim and objective To compare and evaluate canal preparation using hand stainless steel files, hand ProTaper files, and rotary ProTaper files for change in root canal geometry in terms of surface area and volume changes assessed by computed tomography. Materials and methods The present study was conducted in Nair Hospital and Dental College, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry in collaboration with insight CBCT, imaging technologies. A total of 36 extracted human primary mandibular second molars were collected from the Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry. All the teeth were scanned using cone-beam CT (i-CAT CT Scanner Next Generation, Imaging Sciences International) preoperatively and postoperatively to assess the mean absolute change in surface area and mean change in the volume of all the canals at different levels with the use of hand stainless steel files, hand ProTaper and rotary ProTaper files. Results ProTaper instruments, both hand ProTaper and rotary ProTaper caused significant changes in the surface area in the coronal thirds and middle thirds of the canal when compared to hand stainless steel files. No difference was found in surface area and volume changes between hand ProTaper and rotary ProTaper instrumentation. Conclusion Use of ProTaper instruments for preparation of deciduous teeth can render benefit of an improved canal preparation to facilitate better obturation and successful root canal therapy. How to cite this article Bheda P, Kakade A, Takate V, et al. Effect of Different Preparation Techniques on Root Canal Geometry: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-1):S71–S79.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Bheda
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, NMC Royal Medical Centre, Karama, Abu Dhabi
| | - Adesh Kakade
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nair Hospital Dental College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vilas Takate
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Vilas Takate, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, Phone +91 7588096747, e-mail:
| | - Akansha Juneja
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (a Central University), New Delhi, India
| | - Kishor Dighe
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bharat Gupta
- Department of Periodontolgy, MGM Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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van der Vyver PJ, Paleker F, Vorster M, de Wet FA. Root Canal Shaping Using Nickel Titanium, M-Wire, and Gold Wire: A Micro-computed Tomographic Comparative Study of One Shape, ProTaper Next, and WaveOne Gold Instruments in Maxillary First Molars. J Endod 2018; 45:62-67. [PMID: 30446405 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal shaping effect of instruments manufactured from nickel titanium, M-Wire, and Gold wire with different glide path preparation techniques. METHODS One hundred thirty-five mesiobuccal canals of extracted human maxillary molars were randomly divided into 3 equal groups (N = 45) for glide path preparation with K-files (KF) (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland), One G (OG) files (Micro-Mega, Besançon, France), and ProGlider (PG) files (Dentsply Sirona). Specimens of each glide path group were further divided equally into 3 groups for instrumentation with ProTaper Next (PTN, Dentsply Sirona), One Shape (OS, Micro-Mega), and WaveOne Gold (WOG, Dentsply Sirona) systems (n = 15). Micro-computed tomographic imaging was used to scan teeth before instrumentation and after shaping to compare centering ratio and canal transportation values at the apical, midroot, and coronal levels and the overall changes in canal volume. Data sets were statistically analyzed (analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis H tests). RESULTS The centering ratios for all groups were statistically similar at all levels. Apical canal transportation was significantly high for K/OS and K/PTN (P = .003). Midroot canal transportation was significantly high for K/PTN, K/OS, and OG/OS (P = .0003). Coronal canal transportation was significantly high for K/PTN and K/OS (P = .011). The highest change in canal volume was observed with all PTN groups and the lowest with PG/WOG (P = .06). CONCLUSIONS WOG manufactured from Gold wire combined with PG showed better root canal shaping ability and removed less dentin from the canal walls. The nickel-titanium (OS) and M-Wire (PTN) instruments used in combination with KF significantly transported more canals. PTN removed the most dentin from the canal walls regardless of the GPP technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peet J van der Vyver
- Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Farzana Paleker
- Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
| | - Martin Vorster
- Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Francois A de Wet
- Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Sousa-Neto MDD, Silva-Sousa YC, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Carvalho KKT, Barbosa AFS, Versiani MA, Jacobs R, Leoni GB. Root canal preparation using micro-computed tomography analysis: a literature review. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e66. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Angerame D, De Biasi M, Brun F, Turco G, Franco V. Computed microtomography study of untreated, shaped and filled mesiobuccal canals of maxillary first molars. AUST ENDOD J 2018; 45:72-78. [PMID: 30113117 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the effectiveness of modern endodontic shaping and filling procedures on mesiobuccal roots of maxillary molars with two canals. The canals of 20 mesiobuccal roots were treated with Mtwo rotary files, passive ultrasonic irrigation and Guttafusion obturators. X-ray computed microtomography analysis was carried out prior to treatment, after canal shaping and after canal filling to determine the alterations of the canal volume before and after the instrumentation, the volume of the hard tissue debris, and percentage of the volume occupied by filling materials. The shaping instruments and filling materials reached only partially the endodontic space of the second mesiobuccal canal and the accessory endodontic structures. Canal irregularities, ramifications, and interconnections were accumulation sites of hard tissue debris. This study demonstrated that rotary files, passive ultrasonic irrigation and carrier-based filling systems could be partially effective for the treatment of the mesiobuccal canals and their accessory endodontic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Angerame
- University Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Matteo De Biasi
- University Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesco Brun
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Elettra - Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Trieste, Italy
| | - Gianluca Turco
- University Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Yuan G, Yang G. Comparative evaluation of the shaping ability of single-file system versus multi-file system in severely curved root canals. J Dent Sci 2018; 13:37-42. [PMID: 30895092 PMCID: PMC6388865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Reciprocating single-file systems are the latest nickel-titanium instruments and little information is available concerning the shaping ability of these new systems. Comparison of these single-file systems with well-known rotary multi-file systems is necessary. The purpose of this study was to compare the shaping ability of single-file system (WaveOne, WO) versus multiple-file system (ProTaper Next, PTN) in severely curved canals. Materials and methods A total of 20 severely curved canals were prepared with WO or PTN. Micro-computed tomography was used to scan the specimens before and after instrumentation. Differences between two groups in canal surface area, volume, Structure Model Index (SMI), thickness, straightening, the ratio of uninstrumented surface area and canal transportation were evaluated. Results The outline of the canals after preparation showed smooth taper in both groups. Canal surface area, volume, SMI, Thickness and canal curvature were significantly increased after preparation in both groups, and no significant difference was found between groups. At apical third, canals prepared with WO showed larger values of transportation compared with those in PTN group in the direction of main curvature. Approximately 29–34% of the root canal surface remained uninstrumented after preparation and no significant difference was noticed between groups. Conclusion Both of the two instrument systems maintained the original outline of the canals well. The canals prepared with PTN had less transportation and were better centered in the apical region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology, Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guobin Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology, Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Paleker F, van der Vyver PJ. Comparison of Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of K-files, ProGlider File, and G-Files: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study of Curved Root Canals. J Endod 2016; 42:1105-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Saberi N, Patel S, Mannocci F. Comparison of centring ability and transportation between four nickel titanium instrumentation techniques by micro-computed tomography. Int Endod J 2016; 50:595-603. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Saberi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontology; King's College London Dental Institute; London UK
| | - S. Patel
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontology; King's College London Dental Institute; London UK
| | - F. Mannocci
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontology; King's College London Dental Institute; London UK
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Tambe VH, Nagmode PS, Abraham S, Patait M, Lahoti PV, Jaju N. Comparison of canal transportation and centering ability of rotary protaper, one shape system and wave one system using cone beam computed tomography: An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2014; 17:561-5. [PMID: 25506145 PMCID: PMC4252931 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.144605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to compare the canal transportation and centering ability of Rotary ProTaper, One Shape and Wave One systems using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in curved root canals to find better instrumentation technique for maintaining root canal geometry. Materials and Methods: Total 30 freshly extracted premolars having curved root canals with at least 10 degrees of curvature were divided into three groups of 10 teeth each. All teeth were scanned by CBCT to determine the root canal shape before instrumentation. In Group 1, the canals were prepared with Rotary ProTaper files, in Group 2 the canals were prepared with One Shape files and in Group 3 canals were prepared with Wave One files. After preparation, post-instrumentation scan was performed. Pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation images were obtained at three levels, 3 mm apical, 3 mm coronal and 8 mm apical above the apical foramen were compared using CBCT software. Amount of transportation and centering ability were assessed. The three groups were statistically compared with analysis of variance and Tukey honestly significant. Results: All instruments maintained the original canal curvature with significant differences between the different files. Data suggested that Wave One files presented the best outcomes for both the variables evaluated. Wave One files caused lesser transportation and remained better centered in the canal than One Shape and Rotary ProTaper files. Conclusion: The canal preparation with Wave One files showed lesser transportation and better centering ability than One Shape and ProTaper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Harshal Tambe
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SMBT Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pradnya Sunil Nagmode
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SMBT Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sathish Abraham
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SMBT Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahendra Patait
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Oral Radiology, SMBT Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pratik Vinod Lahoti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SMBT Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neha Jaju
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SMBT Dental College and Hospital, Sangamner, Maharashtra, India
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Pop I, Manoharan A, Zanini F, Tromba G, Patel S, Foschi F. Synchrotron light-based μCT to analyse the presence of dentinal microcracks post-rotary and reciprocating NiTi instrumentation. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:11-6. [PMID: 24532388 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1206-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine in vitro using a synchrotron radiation-based μCT (SRCT) whether rotary and reciprocating nickel titanium (NiTi) instrumentations lead to the formation of dentine microcracks. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fourteen extracted human molars were obtained with ethical approval. Seven distobuccal roots of the maxillary molars and seven mesial roots of the mandibular molars were assigned to two experimental groups: (A) prepared with rotary Pro Taper instrumentation (n = 6) and (B) reciprocating WaveOne (n = 6). Irrigation with 1 % NaOCl and 17 % EDTA solutions was carried out. The remaining roots served as positive control with induced fractures (group C). SRCT was used to scan all samples pre and post-operatively. An imaging software was used to determine the number and length of microcracks. Statistical analyses weighed differences between pre and post-instrumentation and between shaping methods. RESULTS A significant increase in the number and length of microcracks was detected post-shaping. No significant difference between rotary and reciprocating instrumentation was observed. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of this in vitro study, an increased number and length of microcracks was induced by mechanical instrumentation. Reciprocating and rotary instrumentation are similar in terms of effect. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Dentinal damage may occur following rotary and reciprocating instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Pop
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Hospital, Floor 17, Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas' St, London, SE1 9RT, UK
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Al-Shahrani SM, Al-Sudani D, Almalik M, Gambarini G, Alrumaihi FA. Microcomputed tomographic analysis of the furcation grooves of maxillary first premolars. Ann Stomatol (Roma) 2013; 4:142-8. [PMID: 23741534 DOI: 10.11138/ads.0142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to conduct a morphometric analysis on the buccal furcation grooves in freshly extracted bifurcated maxillary first premolars (MFPs) and to correlate all anatomical measurements using microcomputed tomography. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-three human MFPs with bifurcated canals were selected for this study. The specimens were analyzed with microcomputed tomography. The length, the beginning, and the ending of the grooves were measured. The minimum cross-sectional canal wall thickness in the grooves was located, and the width of the dentin thickness was calculated. All measurements were recorded and statistically analyzed. RESULTS The concavity of the grooves begins before the bifurcation site in 9/23 samples and after the bifurcation in 56.5% of samples. The groove length varied between 1.1-9 mm; the cross-sectional area with minimum palatal dentin thickness was 0.78±0.14 mm, which was located at a mean distance of 7.1 mm from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and 1.38 mm from the furcation. CONCLUSIONS The presence of the furcation grooves in the palatal aspects of the buccal roots of the MFPs was 100%. The length, depth, location, and width of the dentin thickness of the grooves varied in relation to tooth length, bifurcation, and CEJ. These parameters should be taken into consideration before any endodontic or restorative procedures are performed. Reducing dentin width too vigorously by intracanal instrumentation can predispose to vertical root fractures or perforations; if a post cannot be avoided, it should not extend 6.5 mm from the CEJ.
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Rosa JMCS, Dametto FR, Gadê-Neto CR, Carvalho RAD, Albuquerque DSD, Pameijer C, Tanomaru-Filho M, Leonardo RDT. Influence of the rotary and/or oscillatory reciprocating systems in the morphological changes of narrow and curved molar root canals anatomy. Rev odontol UNESP 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1807-25772012000500010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated four mechanized Endodontic systems, ProTaper Universal, K3 Endo, Twisted file (rotary) and the oscillatory reciprocating system Endo - Eze TiLOS, in order to verify and measure alterations in original anatomy with deviations at cervical, medium and apical root canal thirds. MATERIAL AND METHOD: It was used MB root canals of 60 extract human lower molars, to produce a line of severe angles, according to the classification of Schneider. Samples were included in Ester vinyl resin, mounted in the Teflon Furnace, transversally sectioned at the cervical, middle and apical thirds, which were subsequently photographed using a digital camera Cyber Shot DSC-TX10,attached to an operating microscope 3101XY DFVasconcelos with 40× magnification in order to measure the anatomical transversal area of the root canal, using the software AutoCAD 2008, comparing pre and post-instrumentation. All samples assembled in the Furnace also were submitted to x-ray in a standardized way to enable the comparison of the angle of Schneider pre-and post-instrumentation. Once collected the data, they were compared statistically using the program BioEstat 5.0. RESULT: The analysis of the results showed that in the cervical third, rotary systems were more effective than Endo-Eze TiLOS System with statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0,05). Apical and middle third changes in anatomy were similar, but apically, the ProTaper system caused more deviations when comparing the angle of Schneider,and areas before and after instrumentation(p ≤ 0,05). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that all the systems caused alteration in the original anatomy of the root canal when parameters as angle of Schneider and areas before and after preparation were used.
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Pereira AG, Fagundes dos Santos RM, Mendes Azevedo KC, Raposo LHA, Biffi JCG. Assessment of Influence of Flexion Angles of Files in Apical Stop Preparation by Using Manual and Rotary Instrumentation Techniques. J Endod 2012; 38:1383-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Yamamura B, Cox TC, Heddaya B, Flake NM, Johnson JD, Paranjpe A. Comparing Canal Transportation and Centering Ability of EndoSequence and Vortex Rotary Files by Using Micro–Computed Tomography. J Endod 2012; 38:1121-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Stern S, Patel S, Foschi F, Sherriff M, Mannocci F. Changes in centring and shaping ability using three nickel-titanium instrumentation techniques analysed by micro-computed tomography (μCT). Int Endod J 2012; 45:514-23. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.02004.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Freire LG, Gavini G, Branco-barletta F, Sanches-cunha R, dos Santos M. Microscopic computerized tomographic evaluation of root canal transportation prepared with twisted or ground nickel-titanium rotary instruments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 112:e143-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Villas-Bôas MH, Bernardineli N, Cavenago BC, Marciano M, del Carpio-Perochena A, de Moraes IG, Duarte MH, Bramante CM, Ordinola-Zapata R. Micro–Computed Tomography Study of the Internal Anatomy of Mesial Root Canals of Mandibular Molars. J Endod 2011; 37:1682-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2011] [Revised: 08/02/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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El Batouty KM, Elmallah WE. Comparison of Canal Transportation and Changes in Canal Curvature of Two Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments. J Endod 2011; 37:1290-2. [PMID: 21846551 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2011] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Yang G, Yuan G, Yun X, Zhou X, Liu B, Wu H. Effects of two nickel-titanium instrument systems, Mtwo versus ProTaper universal, on root canal geometry assessed by micro-computed tomography. J Endod 2011; 37:1412-6. [PMID: 21924193 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2011.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the effects of Mtwo and ProTaper Universal (PTU) on root canal geometry three-dimensionally by using micro-computed tomography. METHODS A total of 20 canals were prepared with Mtwo or PTU system. Micro-computed tomography scanner was used to scan the specimens before and after instrumentation. Three-dimensional images were reconstructed. The parameters evaluated included canal surface area, volume, structure model index, thickness, straightening, canal transportation, and uninstrumented surface area. RESULTS Preparation significantly changed canal surface area, volume, structure model index, thickness, and canal curvature. There were no significant differences between instrument types concerning these parameters and uninstrumented surface area. The canals prepared with PTU showed larger values of transportation compared with those in Mtwo group at the apical third. CONCLUSIONS Both of the instrumentation systems produced canal preparations with adequate geometry. PTU produced larger transportation at apical third.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guobin Yang
- Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Endal U, Shen Y, Knut A, Gao Y, Haapasalo M. A high-resolution computed tomographic study of changes in root canal isthmus area by instrumentation and root filling. J Endod 2011; 37:223-7. [PMID: 21238806 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2010] [Revised: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to obtain a three-dimensional analysis of the isthmus area of the mesiobuccal root canal system in mandibular molars using high-resolution micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) scanning and to measure the amount of debris and root filling material in the isthmus after instrumentation/irrigation and root filling. METHODS Mandibular molars with two separated mesial root canals (10 teeth) were scanned by using the Skyscan 1172 μ-CT system (Skyscan, Aartselaar, Belgium) before and after instrumentation and after filling using the Thermafil root filling technique. An isthmus was defined as the ribbon-shaped or thin connecting structure between two root canals after instrumentation. The characteristics of the isthmuses were quantitatively monitored during the whole treatment. The images were segmented and quantified. The surface area of the isthmus, volume of debris after rotary instrumentation, and volume of the filled space in the isthmus after obturation were evaluated. RESULTS Of the seven mesial roots, two had isthmus/anastomoses somewhere along its length in the apical 5 mm, and five had an isthmus that was continuous all the way from the coronal part to the apical part. The average percentage of isthmus surface area and isthmus volume after instrumentation was 21.4% and 9.4% of the whole root canal system, respectively. About 35.2% of the isthmus volume was filled with apparent hard tissue debris after instrumentation/irrigation. The average percentage of volume of filling material in the isthmus areas was significantly lower (57.5%) than in the main root canals (98.5%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A considerable amount of dentin debris is produced and packed into the isthmus area during rotary instrumentation of mesial canals of lower molars despite continuous irrigation during and after instrumentation. The debris may partly prevent penetration of the filling material and sealer into the isthmus area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unni Endal
- Department of Endodontics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Lee WJ, Lee JH, Chun KA, Seo MS, Yoo YJ, Baek SH. Evaluation of apical canal shapes produced sequentially during instrumentation with stainless steel hand and Ni-Ti rotary instruments using Micro-computed tomography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5395/jkacd.2011.36.3.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Jin Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-A Chun
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Yeon-Jee Yoo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Baek
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Yin X, Cheung GSP, Zhang C, Masuda YM, Kimura Y, Matsumoto K. Micro-computed tomographic comparison of nickel-titanium rotary versus traditional instruments in C-shaped root canal system. J Endod 2010; 36:708-12. [PMID: 20307748 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Revised: 12/30/2009] [Accepted: 01/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of instrumentation of C-shaped canals with ProTaper rotary system and traditional instruments by using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). METHODS Twenty-four mandibular molars with C-shaped canals were selected in pairs and sorted equally into 2 groups, which were assigned for instrumentation by ProTaper rotary system (ProTaper group) or by K-files and Gates-Glidden burs (Hand Instrument group). Three-dimensional images were constructed by micro-CT. The volume of dentin removed, uninstrumented canal area, time taken for instrumentation, and iatrogenic error of instrumentation were investigated. RESULTS Hand Instrument group showed greater amount of volumetric dentin removal and left less uninstrumented canal area than ProTaper group (P < .01). The time needed for instrumentation was shorter for ProTaper group than for Hand Instrument group (P < .05). No instrument breakage occurred in both groups, but more conspicuous procedural errors were detected in Hand Instrument group than for ProTaper group. CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that ProTaper rotary system maintained the canal curvature with speediness and few procedural errors, whereas traditional instrumentation can clean more canal surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhe Yin
- Department of Special Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Moore J, Fitz-Walter P, Parashos P. A micro-computed tomographic evaluation of apical root canal preparation using three instrumentation techniques. Int Endod J 2009; 42:1057-64. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01626.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Madarati AA, Qualtrough AJ, Watts DC. A Microcomputed Tomography Scanning Study of Root Canal Space: Changes after the Ultrasonic Removal of Fractured Files. J Endod 2009; 35:125-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2008.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Revised: 09/29/2008] [Accepted: 10/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Versiani MA, Pascon EÁ, Alves de Sousa CJ, Borges MAG, Sousa-Neto MD. Influence of shaft design on the shaping ability of 3 nickel-titanium rotary systems by means of spiral computerized tomography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 105:807-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2007] [Revised: 12/02/2007] [Accepted: 12/07/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Molander A, Caplan D, Bergenholtz G, Reit C. Improved quality of root fillings provided by general dental practitioners educated in nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation. Int Endod J 2007; 40:254-60. [PMID: 17298414 DOI: 10.1111/j.0143-2885.2007.01208.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To test the hypothesis that an increased utilization of nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation (NTRI) by general dental practitioners will lead to an increased frequency of good quality root fillings. A second aim was to determine whether the educational format would exert influence on the quality. METHODOLOGY Dentists were assigned at random to three intervention groups: a 4-h lecture (L-group, n = 40); a 4-h lecture plus a full day hands-on course (LH-group, n = 40); or a control group receiving no instruction (n = 68). The control group received education later on in the study. Radiographs of two root filled molar teeth per dentist were selected at random before the start of the education program and after a 6-month clinical learning period. Using length, seal and shape of root-fillings a 5-level variable was created. RESULTS The rate of good quality root fillings increased after the introduction of NTRI. Calculated over all types of roots the frequency of excellent (score 1) root fillings increased from 31% to 51% (P = 0.006) in the L-group and from 27% to 47% (P = 0.016) in the LH-group. The frequency of low quality root-fillings (score 5) dropped in the L-group from 22% to 16% (P = 0.29) and in the LH-group from 13% to 9% (P = 0.48). No statistically significant difference was seen among the controls. CONCLUSIONS When NTRI technology replaced manual stainless steel techniques the rate of good quality root fillings increased. A significant drop in the rate of low quality root fillings was not found.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Molander
- Public Dental Service, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Mikrogeorgis G, Molyvdas I, Lyroudia K, Nikolaidis N, Pitas I. A new methodology for the comparative study of the root canal instrumentation techniques based on digital radiographic image processing and analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 101:e125-31. [PMID: 16731376 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2005] [Revised: 11/29/2005] [Accepted: 11/30/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of digital image processing and analysis procedures for the study and comparison of the efficiency of 2 root canal instrumentation techniques. STUDY DESIGN Forty mandibular incisors with a single canal were randomly divided into 2 groups of 20 teeth. A step-back technique was followed for the instrumentation of the root canals of Group 1 teeth using hand stainless steel Hedström files (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland), while a crown-down technique using ProFile engine-driven nickel-titanium instruments (Dentsply Maillefer) was followed for the instrumentation of the Group 2 root canals. Radiographs of each tooth were taken in bucco-lingual and mesio-distal projections, both before and after instrumentation, under constant conditions and by using a direct digital intraoral radiography system. The postoperative radiographs were digitally subtracted from their respective preoperative radiographs. A contrast enhancement process was applied to the resultant digital subtractive images. The enlargement of the root canals created by each instrumentation technique regarding the apical 6 mm was assessed through the application of region segmentation and area measurement processes. RESULTS Using this methodology no significant difference between the 2 preparation techniques was found in terms of configuration and enlargement of the root canals. CONCLUSIONS The application of this methodology provided the ability to (1) visualize dentin lost during root canal instrumentation, (2) simultaneously compare root canal morphology before and after instrumentation, and (3) quantitatively evaluate the enlargement of the root canal area induced by each of the instrumentation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Mikrogeorgis
- Department of Endodontology, Dental School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Hannig C, Krieger E, Dullin C, Merten HA, Attin T, Grabbe E, Heidrich G. Volumetry of human molars with flat panel-based volume CT in vitro. Clin Oral Investig 2006; 10:253-7. [PMID: 16715215 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-006-0051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2006] [Accepted: 04/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The flat panel-based volume computed tomography (fpVCT) is a new CT device applicable for experimental, three-dimensional evaluation of teeth at a resolution of about 150 microm in the high contrast region. The aim of this study was to investigate whether fpVCT was suitable for quantification of the volumes of dental hard tissues and the root canal system to establish a new method for morphological studies. Fifty-two extracted third molars (maxillary: 31, mandibular: 21) were examined with a prototype of an fpVCT using a volumetry algorithm at different levels according to the radiographic density of enamel and dentine. Volumetry of the root canal system was performed after "region growing segmentation": starting from a voxel in the centre of the root canal, this algorithm searches voxels of same density in the surrounding. The volumetry of the root canal system was stopped by the investigator at the apical constriction. Results showed that dentine, enamel and root canal system could be well distinguished in three-dimensional images. Volumetry yielded the following data (cm(3), mean+/-SD): dentine 0.438+/-0.111, enamel 0.227+/-0.051, root canal system 0.052+/-0.017 and total volume 0.753+/-0.159. In conclusion, the fpVCT is appropriate for non-destructive volumetry of large numbers of teeth in experimental laboratory studies.
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MESH Headings
- Absorptiometry, Photon/instrumentation
- Absorptiometry, Photon/methods
- Algorithms
- Dental Enamel/anatomy & histology
- Dental Enamel/diagnostic imaging
- Dental Pulp Cavity/anatomy & histology
- Dental Pulp Cavity/diagnostic imaging
- Dentin/anatomy & histology
- Dentin/diagnostic imaging
- Humans
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
- Imaging, Three-Dimensional/instrumentation
- Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods
- Molar, Third/anatomy & histology
- Molar, Third/diagnostic imaging
- Odontometry/instrumentation
- Odontometry/methods
- Pilot Projects
- Software
- Statistics, Nonparametric
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed/instrumentation
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods
- X-Ray Intensifying Screens
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hannig
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79102, Freiburg, Germany.
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Peru M, Peru C, Mannocci F, Sherriff M, Buchanan LS, Pitt Ford TR. Hand and nickel-titanium root canal instrumentation performed by dental students: a micro-computed tomographic study. Eur J Dent Educ 2006; 10:52-9. [PMID: 16436085 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0579.2006.00395.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate root canals instrumented by dental students using the modified double-flared technique, nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary System GT files and NiTi rotary ProTaper files by micro-computed tomography (MCT). A total of 36 root canals from 18 mesial roots of mandibular molar teeth were prepared; 12 canals were prepared with the modified double-flared technique, using K-flexofiles and Gates-Glidden burs; 12 canals were prepared using System GT and 12 using ProTaper rotary files. Each root was scanned using MCT preoperatively and postoperatively. At the coronal and mid-root sections, System GT and ProTaper files produced significantly less enlarged canal cross-sectional area, volume and perimeter than the modified double-flared technique (P < 0.05). In the mid-root sections there was significantly less thinning of the root structure towards the furcation with System GT and ProTaper (P < 0.05). The rotary techniques were both three times faster than the modified double-flared technique (P < 0.05). Qualitative evaluation of the preparations showed that both ProTaper and System GT were able to prepare root canals with little or no procedural error compared with the modified double-flared technique. Under the conditions of this study, inexperienced dental students were able to prepare curved root canals with rotary files with greater preservation of tooth structure, low risk of procedural errors and much quicker than with hand instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Peru
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, King's College London, UK
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Abstract
This paper reports the case of a maxillary left first molar that presented three root canals in the mesiobuccal root. Root canal therapy and case management are described. Features like wide crown access, adequate illumination and use of exploring files where important for successful completion of the endodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amauri Favieri
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Unigranrio, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Abstract
AIM To investigate the prevalence of root canal isthmuses in the apical 5 mm of the mesial root of mandibular molars by means of micro-computed tomography (MCT) and to describe the morphology of the isthmuses. METHODOLOGY Twenty extracted mandibular first molars that had fully formed roots were selected. The mesial roots were sectioned from the distal roots and subjected to MCT. The number of sections showing isthmuses in each of the apical 5 mm of the root canals was recorded. In each one of the apical 5 mm of the 20 roots examined, 40 sections were observed, giving a total of 800 sections observed in each group. Data were analysed as a contingency table using the chi-square statistic to test the null hypothesis that location of the sections in each of the apical 5 mm and presence of the isthmus were independent. RESULTS Isthmuses were found to be present at all levels with prevalence figures between 17.25 and 50.25%. The chi-square test indicated a significant difference in the distribution of isthmuses with section (P = 0.001). It was found that sections in the first millimetre from the apex had fewer isthmuses than expected and that sections in the third millimetre from the apex had more isthmuses than expected under the null hypothesis. Calcifications were found to be present in most isthmuses, occasionally lateral canals originated from the central part of the isthmuses. CONCLUSIONS Isthmuses were present in the vast majority of roots observed. The third millimetre from the apex showed more isthmuses than expected. The results of clinical and surgical endodontic procedures performed in the mesial root of mandibular molars may be affected by this aspect of the root canal anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mannocci
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
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Abstract
AIM To compare different combinations of root canal preparation and obturation technique. METHODOLOGY A total of 48 freshly extracted human maxillary central incisors were divided into two identical groups on the basis of root canal length and apical diameter. The root canals were prepared by manual crown-down pressureless technique or with a rotary system (ProFile; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) in a crown-down technique. The coronal diameter and apical size of the root canals were standardized in both preparation techniques. Each main group was then divided into two subgroups and obturated with either cold lateral compaction or continuous wave of obturation with System B (EIE-Analytic Technology, Orange, CA, USA). The distribution of filling material in each canal was assessed by stereomicroscopic examination of eight cross-sections on each tooth. Areas of sealer, gutta-percha and voids were measured on the digital images of a total of 384 samples. Manipulation time and apical extrusion for each group was also determined. Data were statistically analysed using Kruskal-Wallis, anova (Bonferroni/Dunn) or Student's t-test. RESULTS The percentage of sealer, gutta-percha and voids area between the obturation techniques was not significantly different (P > 0.05). Continuous wave groups had significantly more apical extrusion of sealer (P < 0.05), while none of the obturation techniques had gutta-percha extrusion. Rotary instrumentation was significantly faster than the manual technique (P < 0.05); continuous wave obturation was significantly faster than lateral compaction (P < 0.05). Total manipulation time in the rotary/continuous wave group was significantly shorter than the other groups (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION The distribution of filling materials was similar in all combinations of instrumentation and obturation techniques. The continuous wave technique was faster than lateral compaction and it extruded more sealer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A D Keçeci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
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Abstract
AIM To evaluate the relative performance of Endo-Eze Anatomic Endodontic Technology (AET) stainless steel instruments when shaping maxillary molar root canals in vitro. Methodology Extracted human maxillary molars were scanned, before and after root canal shaping with Endo-Eze AET, employing micro-computed tomography (muCT) at an isotropic resolution of 34 microm. Three-dimensional root canal models were reconstructed and evaluated for volume, surface area, 'thickness' (diameter), canal transportation and prepared surface. Preparation errors such as apical zips, perforations and fractured instruments were visually determined from those models. Means were contrasted using anova and Scheffé post-hoc tests. RESULTS Volume and surface area increased significantly and similarly in mesiobuccal (mb), distobuccal (db) and palatal (p) canals and gross preparation errors (n = 17) were found. Mean root canal diameters, 5 mm coronal to the apex, increased from 0.31 to 0.52, 0.35 to 0.50 and 0.50 to 0.70 mm for mb, db and p canals, respectively. Mean canal transportation ranged from 0.15 to 0.29, 0.15 to 0.27 and 0.21 to 0.33 mm for apical, middle and coronal root canal levels, respectively, with highest values found for mb canals (P < 0.003). Root canals were significantly straightened during preparation (P < 0.002). CONCLUSIONS In summary, Endo-Eze AET instruments shaped root canals in maxillary molars with substantial canal transportation, particularly in mesiobuccal root canals. Preparation with this instrument removed high volumes of dentine, even though apical preparation was size 30. Based on the current results, Endo-Eze AET cannot be recommended for the preparation of teeth with curved root canals.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Paqué
- Division of Endodontology, Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Taşdemir T, Aydemir H, Inan U, Unal O. Canal preparation with Hero 642 rotary Ni-Ti instruments compared with stainless steel hand K-file assessed using computed tomography. Int Endod J 2005; 38:402-8. [PMID: 15910476 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.00961.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare ex vivo root canal preparation with conventional stainless steel K-files and Hero 642 rotary Ni-Ti instruments. METHODOLOGY Mesiobuccal canals of 20 maxillary first molars (with angles of curvature between 25 degrees and 35 degrees ) were used. After preparation with Hero 642 rotary instruments and stainless steel K-files, the amount of transportation that occurred was assessed using computed tomography. The teeth were scanned by computed tomography before instrumentation. One millimetre thick slices were prepared from the apical end point to the pulp chamber. The first two sections were 3 mm from the apical end of the root (apical level) and 3 mm below the orifice (coronal level). A further section (mid-root level) was recorded, dividing the distance between the sections of apical and coronal levels into two equal lengths. Ten teeth were instrumented using Hero 642 rotary instruments and another 10 teeth were instrumented using stainless steel K-files. Following the completion of the instrumentation, the teeth were again scanned and compared with the cross-sectional images taken prior to canal preparation. Amount of transportation and centreing ability was assessed. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Less transportation occurred with Hero 642 rotary instruments than stainless steel K-files at the mid-root and coronal levels (mid-root: P < 0.05 and coronal: P < 0.001). Hero 642 rotary instruments had better centreing ability than K-files at all three levels (apical: P < 0.05, mid-root: P < 0.05 and coronal: P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Hero 642 rotary instruments transported canals less, especially at the middle and coronal thirds of the root canals than stainless steel K-files. Hero 642 instruments had better centreing ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Taşdemir
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.
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Abstract
Nickel-titanium rotary instruments are important adjuncts in endodontic therapy. This review attempts to identify factors that influence shaping outcomes with these files, such as preoperative root-canal anatomy and instrument tip design. Other, less significant factors include operator experience, rotational speed, and specific instrument sequence. Implications of various working length definitions and desired apical widths are correlated with clinical results. Despite the existence of one ever-present risk factor, dental anatomy, shaping outcomes with nickel-titanium rotary instruments are mostly predictable. Current evidence indicates that wider apical preparations are feasible. Nickel-titanium rotary instruments require a preclinical training period to minimize separation risks and should be used to case-related working lengths and apical widths. However, and despite superior in vitro results, randomized, clinical trials are required to evaluate outcomes when using nickel-titanium instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ove A Peters
- Division of Endodontology, Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the changes in cross-sectional area morphology of curved canals after instrumentation with Profile((R)), Hero 642((R)), and K3((R)) using digital imaging analysis. Study design Thirty mesial mandibular curved canals were used (25-40 degrees ). The molars were embedded in resin and the roots were sectioned transversely at three levels: apical, middle, and coronal. The canals were randomly distributed into 3 groups for instrumentation using Profile.04 and.06, Hero 642, and K3. The pre- and postinstrumentation sections were digitized and areas corresponding to the canals were measured with image-processing software. RESULTS Hero eliminated significantly more dentine than K3 and Profile in all 3 sections (P <.01, ANOVA test), with no differences observed between the latter 2 systems (P >.05, Student-Newman-Keuls test). All 3 systems yielded a rounded canal morphology in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. CONCLUSION Hero rotary instruments produced more changes in cross-sectional area of the root canal.
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Abstract
AIM To evaluate the relative performance of FlexMaster nickel-titanium instruments shaping maxillary molar root canals in vitro. METHODOLOGY Extracted human maxillary molars were scanned, before and after root-canal shaping, with FlexMaster, employing micro-computed tomography (microCT) at a resolution of 36 microm. Canals were three-dimensionally reconstructed and evaluated for volume, surface area, 'thickness' (diameter), canal transportation and prepared surface. Based on median canal volume, the canals were divided into 'wide' and 'constricted' groups. Comparisons were made between mesiobuccal (mb), distobuccal (db) and palatal (p), as well as 'wide' and 'constricted' canals, using anova and Scheffé post-hoc tests. RESULTS Volume and surface area increased significantly and similarly in mb, db and p canals, and no gross preparation errors were found. Mean root-canal diameters, 5 mm coronal to the apex, increased from 0.45 to 0.65 mm, from 0.41 to 0.56 mm and from 0.79 to 0.85 mm for mb, db and p canals, respectively. Apical canal transportation ranged from 0.01 to 0.29 mm and was independent of canal type; 'wide' canals had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) proportion of unprepared surfaces than 'constricted' canals had. CONCLUSIONS FlexMaster instruments shaped curved and narrow root canals in maxillary molars to sizes 40 and 45 without significant shaping errors. Canal anatomy had an insignificant impact on preparation, indicating that FlexMaster instruments were able to shape 'constricted' canals as well as 'wide' ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Hübscher
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Division of Endodontology, University of Zürich, Switzerland
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Abstract
AIM To evaluate the relative performance of ProTaper nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) instruments shaping root canals of varying preoperative canal geometry. METHODOLOGY Extracted human maxillary molars were scanned, before and after shaping with ProTaper, employing micro computed tomography (muCT) at a resolution of 36 mum. Canals were three-dimensionally reconstructed and evaluated for volume, surface area, 'thickness' (diameter), canal transportation and prepared surface. Based on median canal volume, canals were divided into 'wide' and 'constricted' groups. Comparisons were made between mesiobuccal (mb), distobuccal (db) and palatal (p), as well as 'wide' and 'constricted' canals, using repeated-measures anova and Scheffé posthoc tests. RESULTS Volume and surface area increased significantly and similarly in mb, db and p canals, and gross preparation errors were found infrequently. Root canal diameters, 5-mm coronal to the apex, increased from 0.38 to 0.65 mm, 0.42 to 0.66 mm and 0.57 to 0.79 mm for mb, db and p canals, respectively. Apical canal transportation ranged from 0.02 to 0.40 mm and was independent of canal type; 'wide' canals had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) proportion of unprepared surfaces than 'constricted' canals. CONCLUSIONS Canals in maxillary molars were prepared in vitro using ProTaper instruments without major procedural errors. These instruments may be more effective in shaping narrow canals than wider, immature ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Peters
- Endodontic Division, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, 94134, USA.
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Bergmans L, Van Cleynenbreugel J, Wevers M, Lambrechts P. A methodology for quantitative evaluation of root canal instrumentation using microcomputed tomography. Int Endod J 2001; 34:390-8. [PMID: 11482723 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2001.00413.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this paper was to present an objective methodology for quantitative evaluation of root canal instrumentation using microcomputer tomography, together with developed software based on a constructed mathematical model. METHODOLOGY A desktop X-ray micro-CT scanner (SkyScan 1072) was used to provide data sets of an extracted mandibular molar before and after instrumentation (ProFile 0.04 Taper instruments, Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) that were stored for later use by software. A volume visualization package (T3D) was applied to obtain 3D renderings of the molar to illustrate the qualitative visualization capacity. Next, medical image volume fusion software was used to allow alignment of pre and post image volumes. Finally, software was developed to make quantitative measurements and to provide additional qualitative information on the registered image volumes. This procedure implemented a true 3D mathematical model for quantification of instrumentation effects. Using a local co-ordinate frame, perpendicular reslices were made at five different levels within the mesio-buccal canal to evaluate transportation and centring ability. RESULTS At first accurate and detailed 3D renderings were obtained. The general and local canal shape before and after preparation could visually be examined in 360 degrees rotation. Numerical values were obtained for volume, volume changes and transportation. Centring ability was calculated by centring ratio and centre movement. CONCLUSIONS This methodology is a new and objective way for quantitative evaluation of root canal instrumentation using microcomputer tomography and dedicated software.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bergmans
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium.
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