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Chen Y, Yan Q, Ji Y, Bai X, Li D, Mu R, Guo K, Yang M, Tao Y, Gershenzon J, Liu Y, Li S. Unraveling the serial glycosylation in the biosynthesis of steroidal saponins in the medicinal plant Paris polyphylla and their antifungal action. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4638-4654. [PMID: 37969733 PMCID: PMC10638507 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugar-sugar glycosyltransferases play important roles in constructing complex and bioactive saponins. Here, we characterized a series of UDP-glycosyltransferases responsible for biosynthesizing the branched sugar chain of bioactive steroidal saponins from a widely known medicinal plant Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Among them, a 2'-O-rhamnosyltransferase and three 6'-O-glucosyltrasferases catalyzed a cascade of glycosylation to produce steroidal diglycosides and triglycosides, respectively. These UDP-glycosyltransferases showed astonishing substrate promiscuity, resulting in the generation of a panel of 24 terpenoid glycosides including 15 previously undescribed compounds. A mutant library containing 44 variants was constructed based on the identification of critical residues by molecular docking simulations and protein model alignments, and a mutant UGT91AH1Y187A with increased catalytic efficiency was obtained. The steroidal saponins exhibited remarkable antifungal activity against four widespread strains of human pathogenic fungi attributed to ergosterol-dependent damage of fungal cell membranes, and 2'-O-rhamnosylation appeared to correlate with strong antifungal effects. The findings elucidated the biosynthetic machinery for their production of steroidal saponins and revealed their potential as new antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuegui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunheng Ji
- Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Desen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rongfang Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Minjie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | | | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Shenghong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Liu Y, Liu MY, Bi LL, Tian YY, Qiu PC, Qian XY, Wang MC, Tang HF, Lu YY, Zhang BL. Cytotoxic steroidal glycosides from the rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Phytochemistry 2023; 207:113577. [PMID: 36587887 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz. (Melanthiaceae), an important specie of the genus Paris, has long been in a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for a long time. This study aimed to isolate and identify the structures of bioactive saponins from the rhizomes of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and evaluate their cytotoxicity against BxPC-3, HepG2, U373 and SGC-7901 carcinoma cell lines. Seven previously undescribed and seven known saponins were identified, and Paris saponins VII (PSVII) showed significant cytotoxicity against the BxPC-3 cell line with IC50 values of 3.59 μM. Furthermore, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and western-bolt analysis revealed that PSVII inhibited the proliferation of BxPC-3 cells and might be involved in inducing apoptosis and pyroptosis by activating caspase-3, -7 and caspase-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mei-You Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin-Lin Bi
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yun-Yuan Tian
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Qiu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Qian
- Center for Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Hai-Feng Tang
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Yun-Yang Lu
- Department of Chinese Materia Medica and Natural Medicines, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Bang-Le Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Chen Y, Yu D, Huo J, Huang N, Zhang M, Du X. Studies on biotransformation mechanism of Fusarium sp. C39 to enhance saponin content of Paridis Rhizoma. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:992318. [PMID: 36590423 PMCID: PMC9800501 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.992318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Paridis Rhizoma is a natural medicine with strong anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activities. Our previous research have found that Fusarium sp. C39, an endophytic fungus isolated from Dioscorea nipponica which contains the similar chemical components, significantly increased the steroidal saponins content of Paridis Rhizoma by fermentation. In this study, the inhibitory effects of fermentated Paridis Rhizoma extract (PRE) on liver cancer cells (Hepal-6), cervical cancer cells (Hela), and lung cancer cells (A549) were determined to be stronger than that of the unfermented extract. For discovering the fermentation mechanism of PRE with Fusarium sp. C39, 36 components with obviously quantitative variations were screened out by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and 53 key genes involved in the metabolic pathways of steroidal saponins were identified by transcriptome. On the basis of comprehensively analyzing information from the metabonomics and transcriptome, it can be speculated that the increase of spirostanol saponins and nuatigenin-type saponins enhanced the inhibitory effect of fermented PRE on cancer cell proliferation. Under the action of glycosidase, glycosyltransferase, oxidoreductases, and genes involved in sterol synthesis, strain C39 achieved the synthesis of diosgenin and the alteration of configurations, sugar chain and substituent of steroidal saponins. The research suggested a microbial transformation approach to increase the resource utilization and activity of Paris polyphylla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhai Huo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Heilongjiang Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Nannan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaowei Du
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Xiaowei Du,
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Thapa CB, Paudel MR, Bhattarai HD, Pant KK, Devkota HP, Adhikari YP, Pant B. Bioactive secondary metabolites in Paris polyphylla Sm. and their biological activities: A review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e08982. [PMID: 35243100 PMCID: PMC8881664 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e08982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Paris polyphylla Sm. is an important medicinal plant used to treat a variety of diseases through traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Tibetan traditional medicines, Chinese traditional medicines, and others around the world. The IUCN red list has designated it as "vulnerable" due to a decline in wild population by over-exploitation, habitat degradation, illegal collection for trade and traditional use. This review paper aims to summarize the bioactive secondary metabolites in Paris polyphylla. Paris saponins or steroidal saponins are the main bioactive chemical constituents from this plant that account for more than 80% of the total compounds. For instance, polyphyllin D, diosgenin, paris saponins I, II, VI, VII, and H are steroidal saponins having anticancer activity comparable to synthetic anticancer medicines. Antioxidant, anticancer, anti-leishmaniasis, antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, antityrosinase, and antiviral effects of extracts and pure compounds were also demonstrated in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, this review summarizes the bioactive components from the P. polyphylla which will be useful to researchers and scientists, and for the development of potential drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Bahadur Thapa
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
- Butwal Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Butwal, Nepal
| | - Mukti Ram Paudel
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | | | | | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Bijaya Pant
- Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
- Corresponding author.
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Yan H, Ni W, Yu LL, Xiao LG, Ji YH, Liu HY. Parisvaniosides A-E, five new steroidal saponins from Paris vaniotii. Steroids 2022; 177:108949. [PMID: 34896125 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The species of Paris genus is a prolific source of structurally diverse steroidal saponins responsible for multivarious biological properties. The first phytochemical investigation on the steroidal saponin constituents from the rhizomes of Paris vaniotii Lévl. led to the discovery and structural characterization of four new spirostanol saponins, named parisvaniosides A-D (1-4), and one new furostanol glycoside, named parisvanioside E (5), along with eleven known analogues (6-16). Their structures were unambiguously established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the reported spectroscopic data. Compound 1 is a rare spirostanol saponin sharing with a C-9/C-11 double bond and a peroxy group located between C-5 and C-8 of the aglycone, whereas 3 and 4 are unusual C-27 steroidal sapoins with hydroxyl/methoxyl at both C-5 and C-6. Furthermore, 5 is the first furostanol saponin with a unique aglycone featuring two trisubstituted double bonds in ring B. All isolated saponins were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects on a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production model in RAW 264.7 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Wei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Long-Gao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yun-Heng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Hai-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
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6
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Yu LL, Li YX, Gao WT, Ling SS, Ni W, Ji YH, Liu HY. Steroidal saponins with cytotoxic activity from the stems and leaves of Paris fargesii. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03666e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The stems and leaves of P. fargesii are rich in steroidal glycosides, some of which display significant cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yan-Xi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wen-Tao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Shan-Shan Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Wei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yun-Heng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hai-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming 650106, China
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Ding YG, Zhao YL, Zhang J, Zuo ZT, Zhang QZ, Wang YZ. The traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological properties of Paris L. (Liliaceae): A review. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 278:114293. [PMID: 34102270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Paris L. (Liliaceae) consisted of 33 species, of which the study focused on Paris polyphylla Smith, P. polyphylla var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara, and P. polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand. -Mazz. Due of course to the good effects of analgesia and hemostasis, it was traditionally used to treat trauma by folk herbalists. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This study summarized the traditional uses, distributions, phytochemical components, pharmacological properties, and toxicity evaluation of the genus Paris, and reviewed the economic value of cultivate P. polyphylla. This aim was that of providing a new and comprehensive recognition of these medicinal plants for the further utilization of Paris plants. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature about traditional and folk uses of genus Paris was obtained from Duxiu Search, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The other literature about genus Paris was searched online on Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Scifinder database, and Springer research. The Scientific Database of China Plant Species (DCP) (http://db.kib.ac.cn/Default.aspx) databases were used to check the scientific names and provide species, varieties, and distribution of genus Paris. The botany studies information of genus Paris was available online from Plant Plus of China (www.iplant.cn). All the molecular structures of chemical compounds displayed in the text were produced by ChemBioDraw Ultra 14.0. RESULTS The plants of genus Paris, containing about 33 species and 15 varieties, are mainly distributed in Southwest China (Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou provinces). More than 320 chemical components have been isolated from genus Paris since 2020, including steroidal saponins, C-21 steroids, phytosterols, insect hormones, pentacyclic triterpenes, flavonoids, and other compounds. Arrays of pharmacological investigations revealed that compounds and extracts of Paris species possess a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects, such as antitumor, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antifungal, hemostatic, and anti-inflammatory activities. The studies about toxicity evaluation suggested that Rhizome Paridis had slight liver toxicity. CONCLUSIONS The dried rhizomes of P. polyphylla, P. polyphylla var. chinensis, and P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were used to treat wound, bleeding, and stomachache, etc. in folk medicine. Phytochemistry researches showed that different species had pretty similarities especially in terms of chemical constituents. Pharmacological studies witnessed that Rhizome Paridis has various activities. Among these activities, steroidal saponins were the main active ingredients. Furthermore, an important aspect responsible for increasing interest in genus Paris is the use of antifertility-nonhormonal contraceptives by women. Also, the development of TCM (Traditional Chinese medicine) planting industry can improve the income of ethnic minorities and promote economic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Gang Ding
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yan-Li Zhao
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Tian Zuo
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Qing-Zhi Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan-Zhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China.
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Liu F, Li L, Tian X, Zhang D, Sun W, Jiang S, Li W. Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Steroid Saponins Isolated from Rhizoma Paridis. J CHEM-NY 2021; 2021:1-7. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/1442906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoma Paridis, the rhizome of liliaceous plants Paris polyphylla, is one of the most commonly used herbal drugs in China. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies have shown that steroid saponins were the major effective ingredients of Rhizoma Paridis to exert antitumor, anti-inflammatory, hemostasis, and antifibrosis functions. In this review, we discussed the chemical structures of steroid saponins and their related biological activity and mechanisms in cellular and animal models, aiming to provide a reference for future comprehensive exploitation and development of saponins.
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Zhang YB, Lam KH, Chen LF, Wan H, Wang GC, Lee KF, Yip CW, Liu KH, Leung PH, Chan HY, Shi YG, Zhao J, Lao LX, Li YL, Zhang YB, Meng W. Chemical constituents from the thorns of Gleditsia sinensis and their cytotoxic activities. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2020; 22:1121-1129. [PMID: 32290704 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2020.1731799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new aromatic glycoside (1) and a new natural product, neolignan (2), along with twenty-three known compounds (3-25), were isolated from the thorns of Gleditsia sinensis. According to the spectroscopic analyses (IR, UV, HRESIMS, NMR and ECD), the structures of isolates were elucidated. Herein, compounds 4, 6-8, 10-13, 15, 16, 18, 20, 23 were isolated from the plant of G. sinensis for the first time. Moreover, compounds 4, 6, 15 and 24 showed cytotoxic effects on human ovarian cancer (SKOV-3) cells with IC50 values of 24.83 ± 4.90, 48.86 ± 9.11, 80.13 ± 5.62, 15.38 ± 2.21 μM, respectively. [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bo Zhang
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kar-Ho Lam
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Li-Feng Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hei Wan
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Guo-Cai Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Kai-Fai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Wang Yip
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Kwun-Hung Liu
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Pak-Heng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Hai-Yong Chan
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yi-Gang Shi
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Jia Zhao
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Li-Xing Lao
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yao-Lan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Bo Zhang
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Meng
- Yu Jin, Master of Gynaecology of Chinese Medicine & Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Integrative Medicine Workstation for Training and Research (Hong Kong Branch), School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
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Wang Y, Fan Q, Xiang J, Huang H, Chen S, Liu B, Wu A, Zhang C, Rong L. Structural characterization and discrimination of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis by a molecular networking strategy coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2020; 34:e8760. [PMID: 32065690 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis (Franch) Hand Mazz (PPY) is a traditional Chinese medicine with antitumor, antibacterial, hemostatic, and anthelmintic activities. Identification of the chemical composition in PPY is helpful to discover its active ingredients and can be used to establish its quality control protocols. METHODS The composition of PPY was identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/QTOF-MS/MS) coupled with a molecular networking strategy. First, the UHPLC/QTOF-MS/MS approach was optimized for chemical compound profiling. Then, the MS data were processed using PeakView™ combined with an in-house database to quickly characterize the secondary metabolites. Finally, molecular networking excavated new molecular weights to discover unknown or trace natural products based on the characteristics of each cluster. RESULTS A total of 222 compounds, including 77 isospirostanols, 2 spirostanols, 19 furostanols, 10 pseudospirostanols, 6 cholesterols, 10 C21 steroids, 5 insect metamorphosis hormones, 3 plant sterols, 6 five-ring triterpenoids, 4 flavonoids, 8 fatty acids, 2 phenylpropanoids, and 8 other compounds, were characterized in PPY by comparing their main fragmentation characteristics and pathways with the literature data, and 62 of them, 54 steroidals and 8 phenylpropanoids, were discovered or tentatively identified for the first time. CONCLUSIONS This study extended the application of a molecular networking strategy to traditional herbal medicines and developed a molecular networking based screening approach with a significant increase in efficiency for the discovery and identification of trace novel natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Xiang
- Pharmacy Department, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bairu Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aizhi Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuixian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Rong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Zhong C, Nong Q, Feng W, Pan Y, Wu Y, Zeng X, Li H, Zhong X, Li F, Luan Z, Huang X, Luo K, Liu D, Yao J. Polyphyllin VII induces fibroblasts apoptosis via the ERK/JNK pathway. Burns 2020; 47:140-149. [PMID: 33279335 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a pathological scar that often occurs in burn patients. Its histology is characterized by the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts (FB) and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Inhibition of proliferation and activation of FB is essential for the treatment of HS. The crude extracts of traditional Chinese medicines have beneficial therapeutic effects on HS besides possessing fewer side effects and being easily available. Polyphyllin VII (PP7) is an isoprene saponin isolated from Rhizoma paridis. It has a pro-apoptotic effect on cancer cells. In the present study, we demonstrate that PP7 exerts a significant inhibitory effect on hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) in vitro. We also demonstrate that PP7 considerably induces the apoptosis of HSFs and inhibits their activity. Our data show that the PP7-induced HSFs cell apoptosis was mainly due to the enhanced expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9) and decreased expression of Bcl-2. Moreover, PP7 treatment also enhances the expression of JNK, but that of extracellular protein kinases (ERK) was reduced, and induces apoptosis through ERK/JNK pathways. Thus, PP7 can be used as a drug to prevent the formation of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Zhong
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingwen Nong
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenyu Feng
- Departments of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yugu Pan
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yajun Wu
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xianmin Zeng
- Departments of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hanwen Li
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xueran Zhong
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Feicui Li
- Departments of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Luan
- Departments of Bone and Joint surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Departments of Bone and Joint surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Daen Liu
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jun Yao
- Departments of Bone and Joint surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Tan GX, Wang XN, Tang YY, Cen WJ, Li ZH, Wang GC, Jiang JW, Wang XC. PP-22 promotes autophagy and apoptosis in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress, downregulating STAT3 signaling, and modulating the MAPK pathway. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:2618-2630. [PMID: 30191969 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, named Chong Lou, is considered an antitumor substance. In this study, we investigated the effect of PP-22, a monomer purified from P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, on the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 in vitro. The results showed that PP-22 could inhibit the proliferation of CNE-2 cells via the induction of apoptosis, with evidence of the characteristic morphological changes in the apoptosis in the nucleus and an increase in Annexin V-positive cells. In addition, we found that PP-22 could activate the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and that this activation was reversed by SB203580, a specific inhibitor of the p38 MAPK pathway. In contrast, PP-22 promoted apoptosis via an intrinsic pathway, including the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway, in a caspase-dependent manner. A further study showed that PP-22 also induced apoptosis by downregulating the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway, and the inhibitory effect was also confirmed by STAT3 small interfering RNA. In addition, PP-22 could promote autophagy by inhibiting the extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) pathway. And autophagy plays a protective role against apoptosis. Together, these data show that PP-22 promotes autophagy and apoptosis in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Xiang Tan
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Ning Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Yun Tang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Jing Cen
- Department of Stomatology, Guangzhou Development District Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Li
- Translation Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Cai Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Wei Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry, Basic Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Qin XJ, Ni W, Chen CX, Liu HY. Seeing the light: Shifting from wild rhizomes to extraction of active ingredients from above-ground parts of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 224:134-139. [PMID: 29792919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The dried rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis are widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) as hemostatic, antitumor, and antimicrobial agents. More than 70 Chinese patent medicines are based on P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis rhizomes. Steroidal saponins are considered as the main active ingredients of these rhizomes. However, wild populations of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis are greatly threatened due to the illegal wild harvest and over-utilization of the rhizomes. In contrast, the renewable above-ground parts (leaves and stems) of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis are usually thrown away as waste material, whether from wild or cultivated material. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to use HPLC analyses of chemical constituents and bioactive assays to assess whether the above-ground parts could be an alternative source of active ingredients to the rhizomes of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The saponin components of the rhizomes and above-ground parts of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were analyzed by HPLC-UV. The total saponins extracted from the rhizomes and above-ground parts of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were evaluated for their hemostatic, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities by using the rabbit blood in vitro based on turbidimetric method, MTT assay method, and a dilution antimicrobial susceptibility test method, respectively. RESULTS Four bioactive spirostanol saponins (paris saponins I, II, VI, and VII) were detected in the total saponins from the rhizomes and above-ground parts of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, which indicated they should have similar pharmacological properties. The bioactive assays revealed that both the parts of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis exhibited the same hemostatic, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial effects. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that based on saponin content in the above-ground parts of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and the requirements stipulated in 2015 of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, the above-ground parts (especially its leaves) can be an alternative and more sustainable source of active ingredients compared to the rhizomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Jie Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Xiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Upadhyay S, Jeena GS, Shukla RK. Recent advances in steroidal saponins biosynthesis and in vitro production. Planta 2018; 248:519-544. [PMID: 29748819 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2911-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal saponins exhibited numerous pharmacological activities due to the modification of their backbone by different cytochrome P450s (P450) and UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs). Plant-derived steroidal saponins are not sufficient for utilizing them for commercial purpose so in vitro production of saponin by tissue culture, root culture, embryo culture, etc, is necessary for its large-scale production. Saponin glycosides are the important class of plant secondary metabolites, which consists of either steroidal or terpenoidal backbone. Due to the existence of a wide range of medicinal properties, saponin glycosides are pharmacologically very important. This review is focused on important medicinal properties of steroidal saponin, its occurrence, and biosynthesis. In addition to this, some recently identified plants containing steroidal saponins in different parts were summarized. The high throughput transcriptome sequencing approach elaborates our understanding related to the secondary metabolic pathway and its regulation even in the absence of adequate genomic information of non-model plants. The aim of this review is to encapsulate the information related to applications of steroidal saponin and its biosynthetic enzymes specially P450s and UGTs that are involved at later stage modifications of saponin backbone. Lastly, we discussed the in vitro production of steroidal saponin as the plant-based production of saponin is time-consuming and yield a limited amount of saponins. A large amount of plant material has been used to increase the production of steroidal saponin by employing in vitro culture technique, which has received a lot of attention in past two decades and provides a way to conserve medicinal plants as well as to escape them for being endangered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Upadhyay
- Biotechnology Division (CSIR-CIMAP), Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, (CSIR-CIMAP) P.O. CIMAP (a laboratory under Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India), Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Gajendra Singh Jeena
- Biotechnology Division (CSIR-CIMAP), Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, (CSIR-CIMAP) P.O. CIMAP (a laboratory under Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India), Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Shukla
- Biotechnology Division (CSIR-CIMAP), Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, (CSIR-CIMAP) P.O. CIMAP (a laboratory under Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India), Near Kukrail Picnic Spot, Lucknow, 226015, India.
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Lu Q, He Y, Wang Y, Gao L, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Cao B, Wang Q, Mao X, Hu S. Saponins From Paris forrestii (Takht.) H. Li Display Potent Activity Against Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Suppressing the RNF6/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:673. [PMID: 29997504 PMCID: PMC6028905 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Saponins are amphipathic glycosides found in traditional Chinese medicines. In the present study, we isolated a panel of saponins from Paris forrestii (Takht.) H. Li, a unique plant found in Tibet and Yunnan provinces, China. By examining their activities in suppressing acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell proliferation, total saponins from Paris forrestii (TSPf) displayed more potent activity than individual ones. TSPf induced more than 40% AML cell apoptosis and decreased the viability of all leukemia cell lines. TSPf-induced apoptosis was confirmed by both Annexin V staining and caspase-3 activation. In line with these findings, TSPf downregulated pro-survival proteins Mcl-1, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-2 but upregulated the expression of tumor suppressor proteins p53, p27, Bax, and Beclin 1. The AKT/mTOR signaling pathway is frequently overactivated in various AML cells, and TSPf was found to suppress the activation of both AKT and mTOR, but had no effects on their total protein expression. This was further confirmed by the inactivation of 4EBP-1 and p70S6K, two typical downstream signal molecules in the AKT/mTOR pathway. Moreover, TSPf-inactivated AKT/mTOR signaling was found to be associated with downregulated RNF6, a recently identified oncogene in AML. RNF6 activated AKT/mTOR, and consistently, knockdown of RNF6 led to inactivation of the AKT/mTOR pathway. Furthermore, TSPf suppressed the growth of AML xenografts in nude mice models. Oral administration of TSPf almost fully suppressed tumor growth without gross toxicity. Consistent with the findings in cultured cell lines, TSPf also downregulated RNF6 expression along with inactivated AKT/mTOR signaling in tumor tissues. This study thus demonstrated that TSPf displays potent anti-AML activity by suppressing the RNF6/AKT/mTOR pathway. Given its low toxicity, TSPf could be developed for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuanming He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuehu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, and Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunjing Zheng
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zubin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Biyin Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinliang Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Wang YH, Shi M, Niu HM, Yang J, Xia MY, Luo JF, Chen YJ, Zhou YP, Li H. Substituting one Paris for another? In vitro cytotoxic and in vivo antitumor activities of Paris forrestii, a substitute of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 218:45-50. [PMID: 29454914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chong-lou (Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis or P. polyphylla var. chinensis) is traditionally used as an anticancer medicine in China. It is also the material basis of some Chinese patent anticancer medicines, such as Gan-Fu-Le capsules, Bo-Er-Ning capsules, Lou-Lian capsules, Ruan-Jian oral liquid, and Qi-Zhen capsules. P. forrestii, a substitute for Chong-lou, is planted at a large scale in the Yunnan Province of China. AIM OF THE STUDY To clarify the active chemical constituents of P. forrestii and evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities of the total saponins from P. forrestii. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total saponins of P. forrestii were extracted and separated to yield pure compounds by chromatographic techniques, and the structures of the isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxicity of the crude extracts, total saponins, and chemical constituents were evaluated using an MTS assay. In vivo antitumor activities of the total saponins from P. forrestii were measured using H22 tumor-bearing mice by intraperitoneal (ip) administration. RESULTS Eight compounds, including polyphyllin D (1), formosanin C (2), dioscin (3), diosgenin-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-glucopyranoside (4), paris saponin H (5), pennogenin-3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (6), pariposide A (7), and crustecdysone (8), were isolated from the total saponins of P. forrestii. The total saponins and compounds 1-6 showed significant inhibitory activity against the growth of the HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, MCF-7, and SW480 cell lines. The total saponins from P. forrestii had a tumor-inhibitory effect in H22 tumor-bearing mice upon ip (2.25 mg/kg dose) administration, with an inhibition rate of 42.6% compared with cisplatin (ip, 2 mg/kg dose, 53.9% inhibition rate). CONCLUSION The results support that P. forrestii could be a substitute for P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis as an anticancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Hu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar.
| | - Min Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong-Mei Niu
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar.
| | - Meng-Yuan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar.
| | - Ji-Feng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw 05282, Myanmar.
| | - Ying-Jie Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi-Ping Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, People's Republic of China.
| | - Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology and the Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Kang L, Huang Y, Zhan Z, Liu D, Peng H, Nan T, Zhang Y, Hao Q, Tang J, Zhu S, Yang G, Guo L, Chen M, Huang L. Structural characterization and discrimination of the Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis and Paris vietnamensis based on metabolite profiling analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 142:252-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Wang Y, Liu E, Li P. Chemotaxonomic studies of nine Paris species from China based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 140:20-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ling Y, Fu Z, Zhang Q, Xu L, Liao L. Identification and structural elucidation of steroidal saponins from the root of Paris polyphylla by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. Nat Prod Res 2015; 29:1798-803. [PMID: 25649342 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1007137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The root of Paris polyphylla (RPP) is widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine for a long time due to the good properties of heat-clearing and detoxicating, detumescence, sedation, acesodyne and haemostasis. To clarify on the bioactive substances and ensure the safety in clinical medication, a feasible and accurate strategy was developed by applying the high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionisation and quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS). Separation was performed an Agilent poroshell 120 EC-C18 column (2.7 × 100 mm, i.d., 2.7 μm) with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile as the mobile phase under gradient conditions. Based on the proposed strategy, 30 constituents, mainly including steroidal saponins, were characterised or tentatively identified, 2 of which were the first to be reported as the potential new steroidal saponins in RPP. In conclusion, the HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS is a feasible and credible technique to separate and identify steroidal saponins from botanical extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ling
- a Department of Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences , Jiujiang University , Jiujiang 332005 , People's Republic of China
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Abstract
This review covers the structures and biological activities of peroxy natural products from a wide variety of terrestrial fungi, higher plants, and marine organisms. Syntheses that confirm or revise structures or stereochemistries have also been included, and 406 references are cited. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ze Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Science, Tianjin, 300308 China
| | - Ji-Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201 China
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22
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Wu X, Wang L, Wang G, Wang H, Dai Y, Yang X, Ye W, Li Y. Triterpenoid saponins from rhizomes of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Carbohydr Res 2013; 368:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2012.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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