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Thukral M, Allen AE, Petras D. Progress and challenges in exploring aquatic microbial communities using non-targeted metabolomics. ISME J 2023; 17:2147-2159. [PMID: 37857709 PMCID: PMC10689791 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01532-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Advances in bioanalytical technologies are constantly expanding our insights into complex ecosystems. Here, we highlight strategies and applications that make use of non-targeted metabolomics methods in aquatic chemical ecology research and discuss opportunities and remaining challenges of mass spectrometry-based methods to broaden our understanding of environmental systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Thukral
- University of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Microbial and Environmental Genomics Group, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew E Allen
- University of California San Diego, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Microbial and Environmental Genomics Group, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Petras
- University of Tuebingen, CMFI Cluster of Excellence, Tuebingen, Germany.
- University of California Riverside, Department of Biochemistry, Riverside, CA, USA.
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2
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Wang T, Liu H. Aquatic plant allelochemicals inhibit the growth of microalgae and cyanobacteria in aquatic environments. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:105084-105098. [PMID: 37740161 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29994-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Excess nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients in the aquatic environment result in the growth of algal cells and water eutrophication, which adversely affect the aquatic environment and human health. Therefore, discovering a safe and efficient algae suppression method is necessary to ensure the ecological safety of water. Recently, the allelopathic effects of aquatic plants on algae have attracted extensive attention from researchers. This review demonstrates the current research hotspot of allelopathic algal inhibition in aquatic plants and lists the common aquatic plant species and allelochemicals. In addition, the inhibition mechanism of allelochemicals from aquatic plants on algae is systematically discussed. Moreover, the key factors affecting the inhibition of allelopathy in algae, such as pH, temperature, algal cell density, and concentration of allelochemicals, are summarized. The present utilization modes of allelochemicals on algae are also presented. Finally, the problems existing in the study of allelopathic algal inhibition of aquatic plants are highlighted, and suggestions for further research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 21500, China
| | - Haicheng Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 21500, China.
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3
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Ghedini G, Marshall DJ. Metabolic evolution in response to interspecific competition in a eukaryote. Curr Biol 2023:S0960-9822(23)00777-7. [PMID: 37392743 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Competition drives rapid evolution, which, in turn, alters the trajectory of ecological communities. These eco-evolutionary dynamics are increasingly well-appreciated, but we lack a mechanistic framework for identifying the types of traits that will evolve and their trajectories. Metabolic theory offers explicit predictions for how competition should shape the (co)evolution of metabolism and size, but these are untested, particularly in eukaryotes. We use experimental evolution of a eukaryotic microalga to examine how metabolism, size, and demography coevolve under inter- and intraspecific competition. We find that the focal species evolves in accordance with the predictions of metabolic theory, reducing metabolic costs and maximizing population carrying capacity via changes in cell size. The smaller-evolved cells initially had lower population growth rates, as expected from their hyper-allometric metabolic scaling, but longer-term evolution yielded important departures from theory: we observed improvements in both population growth rate and carrying capacity. The evasion of this trade-off arose due to the rapid evolution of metabolic plasticity. Lineages exposed to competition evolved more labile metabolisms that tracked resource availability more effectively than lineages that were competition-free. That metabolic evolution can occur is unsurprising, but our finding that metabolic plasticity also co-evolves rapidly is new. Metabolic theory provides a powerful theoretical basis for predicting the eco-evolutionary responses to changing resource regimes driven by global change. Metabolic theory needs also to be updated to incorporate the effects of metabolic plasticity on the link between metabolism and demography, as this likely plays an underappreciated role in mediating eco-evolutionary dynamics of competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ghedini
- Centre for Geometric Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Dustin J Marshall
- Centre for Geometric Biology, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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4
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Kurtz BE, Landmeyer JE, Culter JK. Precipitation, submarine groundwater discharge of nitrogen, and red tides along the southwest Florida Gulf coast. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16046. [PMID: 37215903 PMCID: PMC10196494 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Blooms of the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis occur almost every year along the southwest Florida Gulf coast. Long-duration blooms with especially high concentrations of K. brevis, known as red tides, destroy marine life through production of neurotoxins. Current hypotheses are that red tides originate in oligotrophic waters far offshore using nitrogen (N) from upwelling bottom water or, alternatively, from blooms of Trichodesmium, followed by advection to nearshore waters. But the amount of N available from terrestrial sources does not appear to be adequate to maintain a nearshore red tide. To explain this discrepancy, we hypothesize that contemporary red tides are associated with release of N from offshore submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) that has accumulated in benthic sediment biomass by dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). The release occurs when sediment labile organic carbon (LOC), used as the electron donor in DNRA, is exhausted. Detritus from the resulting destruction of marine life restores the sediment LOC to continue the cycle of red tides. The severity of individual red tides increases with increased bloom-year precipitation in the geographic region where the SGD originates, while the severity of ordinary blooms is relatively unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce E. Kurtz
- New College of Florida, 5800 Bay Shore Rd., Sarasota, FL 34243, USA
| | | | - James K. Culter
- Mote Marine Laboratory, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236, USA
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5
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Jobson J, Tsegay PS, Beltran MT, Taher EA, Rein SR, Liu Y, Rein KS. Brevetoxin induces a shift in the redox state of the proteome and unfolded protein response in human lymphoblast cells that can be alleviated with the acrolein scavenger MESNA. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 100:104137. [PMID: 37127110 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2023.104137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Human lymphoblast cells were treated with the marine algal toxin, brevetoxin-2 (PbTx-2), and its effects on the proteome were assessed by redox proteomics using cysteine reactive tandem mass tags (TMT). Additionally, cells were simultaneously treated with PbTx-2 and the antioxidant and acrolein scavenger sodium 2-mercaptoethylsulfonate (MESNA) to determine if MESNA could prevent the proteomic effects of brevetoxin-2. A massive shift in the redox state of the proteome of brevetoxin-2 treated cells was observed. The main pathway affected was genetic information processing. Significantly oxidized proteins included Trx-1, peroxyredoxins (Prxs), ribosomal proteins, and the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 β subunit (eIF2β). Proteins that were overexpressed in brevetoxin-treated cells included four folding chaperones. These effects were diminished in the presence of MESNA indicating that MESNA may act through its antioxidant properties or as a brevetoxin scavenger. These studies provide novel insights into new prophylactics for brevetoxicosis in humans and wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Jobson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Pawlos S Tsegay
- Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Mayra Tabares Beltran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Eman A Taher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Samuel R Rein
- The School District of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19130, USA
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Kathleen S Rein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Current address: The Water School, Department of Marine and Earth Science and Department of Chemistry and Physics, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965.
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6
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Wang C, Wang R, Hu L, Xi M, Wang M, Ma Y, Chen J, Liu C, Song Y, Ding N, Gao P. Metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with allelochemical effects of linoleic acid on Karenia mikimotoi. J Hazard Mater 2023; 447:130815. [PMID: 36669412 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Linoleic acid (LA) shows great potential in inhibiting the growth of multiple red tide microalgae by disturbing algal physio-biochemical processes. However, our knowledge on the mechanisms of algal mortality at metabolic level remains limited. Herein, the response of K. mikimotoi to LA was evaluated using metabolomics, stable isotope techniques (SIT), and physiological indicators. Results showed that 100 μg/L LA promoted the growth of K. mikimotoi, which was significantly inhibited by 500 μg/L LA, along with a significant reduction of photosynthetic pigments and a significant increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS). SIT showed that LA entered algal cells, and 56 isotopologues involved in ferroptosis, carotenoid biosynthesis, and porphyrin metabolism were identified. Non-targeted metabolomics identified 90 and 111 differential metabolites (DEMs) belonging to 11 metabolic pathways under the 500 μg/L and 100 μg/L LA exposure, respectively. Among them, 34 DEMs were detected by SIT. Metabolic pathway analysis showed that 500 μg/L LA significantly promoted ferroptosis, and significantly inhibited carotenoid biosynthesis, porphyrin metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, presenting changes opposite to those observed in 100 μg/L LA-treated K. mikimotoi. Overall, this study revealed the metabolic response of K. mikimotoi to LA, enriching our understanding on the allelochemical mechanism of LA on K. mikimotoi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Renjun Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China.
| | - Lijun Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Muchen Xi
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Mengjiao Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Yujiao Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Junfeng Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Chunchen Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Yuhao Song
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Ning Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China
| | - Peike Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165, PR China.
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7
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Chakraborty S, Moorthi SD, Karnatak R, Feudel U. Irregular harmful algal blooms triggered by feedback between toxin production and zooplankton feeding. Ecol Modell 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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8
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Jiao Q, Mu Y, Deng J, Yao X, Zhao X, Liu X, Li X, Jiang X, Zhang F. Direct toxicity of the herbicide florasulam against Chlorella vulgaris: An integrated physiological and metabolomic analysis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 246:114135. [PMID: 36201917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herbicides are the agents of choice for use in weed control; however, they can enter the aquatic environment, with potentially serious consequences for non-target organisms. Despite the possible deleterious effects, little information is available regarding the ecotoxicity of the herbicide florasulam toward aquatic organisms. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the toxic effect of florasulam on the freshwater microalga Chlorella vulgaris and sought to identify the underlying mechanisms. For this, we employed a growth inhibition toxicity test, and then assessed the changes in physiological and metabolomic parameters, including photosynthetic pigment content, antioxidant system, intracellular structure and complexity, and metabolite levels. The results showed that treatment with florasulam for 96 h at the concentration of 2 mg/L, 2.84 mg/L, and 6 mg/L in medium significantly inhibited algal growth and photosynthetic pigment content. Moreover, the levels of reactive oxygen species were also increased, resulting in oxidative damage and the upregulation of the activities of several antioxidant enzymes. Transmission electron microscopic and flow cytometric analysis further demonstrated that exposure to florasulam (6 mg/L) for 96 h disrupted the cell structure of C. vulgaris, characterized by the loss of cell membrane integrity and alterations in cell morphology. Changes in amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and the antioxidant system were also observed and contributed to the suppressive effect of florasulam on the growth of this microalga. Our findings regarding the potential risks of florasulam in aquatic ecosystems provide a reference for the safe application of this herbicide in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jiao
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Yuelin Mu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Jiahui Deng
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xiangfeng Yao
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xiang Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xingyin Jiang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Fengwen Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
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Fernández-Herrera LJ, Band-Schmidt CJ, Zenteno-Savín T, Leyva-Valencia I, Hernández-Guerrero CJ, Hernández-Sandoval FE, Bustillos-Guzmán JJ. Changes in Toxin Production, Morphology and Viability of Gymnodinium catenatum Associated with Allelopathy of Chattonella marina var. marina and Gymnodinium impudicum. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14. [PMID: 36136554 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14090616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Allelopathy between phytoplankton organisms is promoted by substances released into the marine environment that limit the presence of the dominating species. We evaluated the allelopathic effects and response of cell-free media of Chattonella marina var. marina and Gymnodinium impudicum in the toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum. Additionally, single- and four-cell chains of G. catenatum isolated from media with allelochemicals were cultured to evaluate the effects of post exposure on growth and cell viability. Cell diagnosis showed growth limitation and an increase in cell volume, which reduced mobility and led to cell lysis. When G. catenatum was exposed to cell-free media of C. marina and G. impudicum, temporary cysts and an increased concentration of paralytic shellfish toxins were observed. After exposure to allelochemicals, the toxin profile of G. catenatum cells in the allelopathy experiments was composed of gonyautoxins 2/3 (GTX2/3), decarcarbamoyl (dcSTX, dcGTX2/3), and the sulfocarbamoyl toxins (B1 and C1/2). A difference in toxicity (pg STXeq cell−1) was observed between G. catenatum cells in the control and those exposed to the filtrates of C. marina var. marina and G. impudicum. Single cells of G. catenatum had a lower growth rate, whereas chain-forming cells had a higher growth rate. We suggest that a low number of G. catenatum cells can survive the allelopathic effect. We hypothesize that the survival strategy of G. catenatum is migration through the chemical cloud, encystment, and increased toxicity.
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Zhang N, Guo X, Han T, Tan L, Xue Q, Wang J. Isolation and identification of allelochemicals produced by Phaeodactylum tricornutum for Prorocentrum donghaiense. ALGAL RES 2022; 66:102808. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
The annual patterns of plankton succession in the ocean determine ecological and biogeochemical cycles. The temporally fluctuating interplay between photosynthetic eukaryotes and the associated microbiota balances the composition of aquatic planktonic ecosystems. In addition to nutrients and abiotic factors, chemical signaling determines the outcome of interactions between phytoplankton and their associated microbiomes. Chemical mediators control essential processes, such as the development of key morphological, physiological, behavioral, and life-history traits during algal growth. These molecules thus impact species succession and community composition across time and space in processes that are highlighted in this review. We focus on spatial, seasonal, and physiological dynamics that occur during the early association of algae with bacteria, the exponential growth of a bloom, and its decline and recycling. We also discuss how patterns from field data and global surveys might be linked to the actions of metabolic markers in natural phytoplankton assemblages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Deng
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Marine Vallet
- Research Group Phytoplankton Community Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
- Research Group Phytoplankton Community Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, 07745 Jena, Germany
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12
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Guo X, Han T, Tan L, Zhao T, Zhu X, Huang W, Lin K, Zhang N, Wang J. The allelopathy and underlying mechanism of Skeletonema costatum on Karenia mikimotoi integrating transcriptomics profiling. Aquat Toxicol 2022; 242:106042. [PMID: 34861574 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.106042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The roles of allelopathy for succession of marine phytoplankton communities remain controversial, especially for the development of blooms. Physiological parameters measurement (Fv/Fm value, MDA content, SOD activity, Na+/K+, Ca2+/ Mg2+-ATPase activity, cell size, chlorophyll content, apoptosis and cell cycle) and whole transcriptome profiling analysis were used to investigate allelopathy effect of Skeletonema costatum on Karenia mikimotoi. Filtrate and extracts from S. costatum culture inhibited the growth of K. mikimotoi. Allelopathic effects were dose-dependent for filtrate culture and extract culture. K. mikimotoi scavenged excessive ROS and adapted to the stress fastly and easily, so oxidative damage was not the main cause of the growth inhibition. Allelochemicals of S. costatum were found to influence the structure and function of cell membrane of K. mikimotoi by damaging membrane structure till to cell necrosis, which caused high mortality. Coupled with the sensitivity of algal cells to environmental stress and restricted cell cycle, allelopathy was suggested to be deeply detrimental to the development of competition algal population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Tongzhu Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Liju Tan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China; Eco-Environmental Monitoring and Research Center, Pearl River Valley and South China Sea Ecology and Environment Administration, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, PCR, Guangzhou, 510610, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Wenqiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Kun Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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Jin H, Ma H, Gan N, Wang H, Li Y, Wang L, Song L. Non-targeted metabolomic profiling of filamentous cyanobacteria Aphanizomenon flos-aquae exposed to a concentrated culture filtrate of Microcystis aeruginosa. Harmful Algae 2022; 111:102170. [PMID: 35016758 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis and Aphanizomenon are two toxic cyanobacteria genera, which frequently cause blooms in freshwater lakes. In some cases, succession of these two genera was observed in natural water bodies. Among the diverse factors contributing to such succession of dominant cyanobacterial genera, an allelopathic effect was proposed to be involved after the growth inhibitory effect of several Microcystis species on A. flos-aquae was investigated. However, the response of target species exposed to Microcystis are poorly described. In the present study, we used two toxic cyanobacteria strains, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (Aph1395) and Microcystis aeruginosa strain 905 (Ma905) as research subjects. Aph1395 was inhibited with a necessarily concentrated culture filtrate of Ma905 (MA905-SPE), and the response of the inhibited Aph1395 cells was explored via non-targeted metabolomic profiling. In total, 3735 features were significantly different in the Aph1395 treated with Ma905-SPE vs. those treated with BG11 medium. Among them, the annotations of 146 differential features were considered to be confident via MS/MS spectrum matching analysis. Based on the reported physiological functions of the annotated differential features, we proposed a putative model that in the growth-inhibited Aph1395, a suite of increased or decreased features with activities in apoptosis, growth inhibition, and stress response processes contributed to, or defended against, the allelopathic effect caused by Ma905. Our findings provide insights into the interaction between the bloom forming cyanobacterial species that share the same ecological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Jin
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China.
| | - Nanqin Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Wang
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Lan Wang
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
| | - Lirong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, P. R. China
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Malych R, Stopka P, Mach J, Kotabová E, Prášil O, Sutak R. Flow cytometry-based study of model marine microalgal consortia revealed an ecological advantage of siderophore utilization by the dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 20:287-295. [PMID: 35024100 PMCID: PMC8718654 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations of phytoplankton responses to iron stress in seawater are complicated by the fact that iron concentrations do not necessarily reflect bioavailability. Most studies to date have been based on single species or field samples and are problematic to interpret. Here, we report results from an experimental cocultivation model system that enabled us to evaluate interspecific competition as a function of iron content and form, and to study the effect of nutritional conditions on the proteomic profiles of individual species. Our study revealed that the dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae was able to utilize iron from a hydroxamate siderophore, a strategy that could provide an ecological advantage in environments where siderophores present an important source of iron. Additionally, proteomic analysis allowed us to identify a potential candidate protein involved in iron acquisition from hydroxamate siderophores, a strategy that is largely unknown in eukaryotic phytoplankton.
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Key Words
- (s)PLS-DA, (sparse) partial least squares discriminant analysis
- AUC, area under curve
- Amphidinium carterae
- AtpE, ATP synthase
- BCS, bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt
- CREG1, cellular repressor of E1A stimulated genes 1
- DFOB, desferrioxamine B
- EDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
- ENT, enterobactin
- FACS, fluorescence-activated cell sorting
- FBAI, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase I
- FBAII, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase II
- FBP1, putative ferrichrome-binding protein
- FOB, ferrioxamine B
- Flow cytometry
- ISIP, iron starvation induced protein
- Iron
- LHCX, light-harvesting complex subunits
- LL, long-term iron limitation
- LR, iron enrichment
- Marine microalgae
- NBD, nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole
- NPQ, nonphotochemical quenching
- PAGE, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- PSI, photosystem I
- PSII, photosystem II
- PetA, cytochrome b6/f
- Proteomics
- PsaC, photosystem I iron-sulfur center
- PsaD, photosystem I reaction center subunit II
- PsaE, photosystem I reaction center subunit IV
- PsaL, photosystem I reaction center subunit XI
- PsbC, photosystem II CP43 reaction center protein
- PsbV, cytochrome c-550
- RR, long-term iron sufficiency
- SOD1, superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn]
- Siderophores
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Malych
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech
| | - Pavel Stopka
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech
| | - Jan Mach
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech
| | - Eva Kotabová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, Centrum Algatech, Trebon, Czech
| | - Ondřej Prášil
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences, Centrum Algatech, Trebon, Czech
| | - Robert Sutak
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, BIOCEV, Vestec, Czech
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15
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Brown ER, Moore SG, Gaul DA, Kubanek J. Differentiating toxic and nontoxic congeneric harmful algae using the non-polar metabolome. Harmful Algae 2021; 110:102129. [PMID: 34887009 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recognition and rejection of chemically defended prey is critical to maximizing fitness for predators. Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) which strongly inhibit voltage-gated sodium channels in diverse animal taxa are produced by several species of the bloom-forming algal genus Alexandrium where they appear to function as chemical defenses against grazing copepods. Despite PSTs being produced and localized within phytoplankton cells, some copepods distinguish toxic from non-toxic prey, selectively ingesting less toxic cells, in ways that suggest cell surface recognition perhaps associated with non-polar metabolites. In this study LC/MS and NMR-based metabolomics revealed that the non-polar metabolomes of two toxic species (Alexandrium catenella and Alexandrium pacificum) vary considerably from their non-toxic congener Alexandrium tamarense despite all three being very closely related. Toxic and non-toxic Alexandrium spp. were distinguished from each other by metabolites belonging to seven lipid classes. Of these, 17 specific metabolites were significantly more abundant in both toxic A. catenella and A. pacificum compared to non-toxic A. tamarense suggesting that just a small portion of the observed metabolic variability is associated with toxicity. Future experiments aimed at deciphering chemoreception mechanisms of copepod perception of Alexandrium toxicity should consider these metabolites, and the broader lipid classes phosphatidylcholines and sterols, as potential candidate cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Brown
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Sam G Moore
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - David A Gaul
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Julia Kubanek
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Dr, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ghedini
- Centre for Geometric Biology School of Biological Sciences Monash University Melbourne Vic Australia
| | - Dustin J. Marshall
- Centre for Geometric Biology School of Biological Sciences Monash University Melbourne Vic Australia
| | - Michel Loreau
- Centre for Biodiversity Theory and Modelling, Theoretical and Experimental Ecology Station CNRS Moulis France
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17
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Graff van Creveld S, Ben-Dor S, Mizrachi A, Alcolombri U, Hopes A, Mock T, Rosenwasser S, Vardi A. Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Redox-Regulated Metacaspase in a Marine Diatom. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:688199. [PMID: 34566902 PMCID: PMC8455989 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.688199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) in marine microalgae was suggested to be one of the mechanisms that facilitates bloom demise, yet its molecular components in phytoplankton are unknown. Phytoplankton are completely lacking any of the canonical components of PCD, such as caspases, but possess metacaspases. Metacaspases were shown to regulate PCD in plants and some protists, but their roles in algae and other organisms are still elusive. Here, we identified and biochemically characterized a type III metacaspase from the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, termed PtMCA-IIIc. Through expression of recombinant PtMCA-IIIc in E. coli, we revealed that PtMCA-IIIc exhibits a calcium-dependent protease activity, including auto-processing and cleavage after arginine. Similar metacaspase activity was detected in P. tricornutum cell extracts. PtMCA-IIIc overexpressing cells exhibited higher metacaspase activity, while CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout cells had decreased metacaspase activity compared to WT cells. Site-directed mutagenesis of cysteines that were predicted to form a disulfide bond decreased recombinant PtMCA-IIIc activity, suggesting its enhancement under oxidizing conditions. One of those cysteines was oxidized, detected in redox proteomics, specifically in response to lethal concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and a diatom derived aldehyde. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this cysteine-pair is unique and widespread among diatom type III metacaspases. The characterization of a cell death associated protein in diatoms provides insights into the evolutionary origins of PCD and its ecological significance in algal bloom dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Graff van Creveld
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Avia Mizrachi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Uria Alcolombri
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, Institute for Environmental Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Hopes
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Mock
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Shilo Rosenwasser
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Assaf Vardi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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18
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Guo X, Wang Z, Liu L, Li Y. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses of cold and darkness-induced pellicle cysts of Scrippsiella trochoidea. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:526. [PMID: 34246248 PMCID: PMC8272339 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07840-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dinoflagellates are a group of unicellular organisms that are a major component of aquatic eukaryotes and important contributors to marine primary production. Nevertheless, many dinoflagellates are considered harmful algal bloom (HAB) species due to their detrimental environmental and human health impacts. Cyst formation is widely perceived as an adaptive strategy of cyst-forming dinoflagellates in response to adverse environmental conditions. Dinoflagellate cysts play critical roles in bloom dynamics. However, our insight into the underlying molecular basis of encystment is still limited. To investigate the molecular processes regulating encystment in dinoflagellates, transcriptome and metabolome investigations were performed on cold and darkness-induced pellicle cysts of Scrippsiella trochoidea. RESULTS No significant transcriptional response was observed at 2 h; however, massive transcriptome and metabolome reprogramming occurred at 5 h and in pellicle cysts. The gene-to-metabolite network demonstrated that the initial transformation from vegetative cells into pellicle cysts was highly energy demanding through the activation of catabolism, including glycolysis, β-oxidation, TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, to cope with cold-darkness-induced stress. However, after transformation into pellicle cysts, the metabolism was greatly reduced, and various sugars, polyunsaturated fatty acids and amino acids accumulated to prolong survival. The identification of 56 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to signal transduction indicated that S. trochoidea received a cold-darkness signal that activated multiple signal transduction pathways, leading to encystment. The elevated expression of genes encoding enzymes involved in ROS stress suggested that pellicle cysts respond to increased oxidative stress. Several cell cycle-related genes were repressed. Intriguingly, 11 DEGs associated with sexual reproduction suggested that pellicle cysts (or some portion thereof) may be a product of sexual reproduction. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first transcriptome and metabolome analyses conducted during the encystment of S. trochoidea, an event that requires complex regulatory mechanisms and impacts on population dynamics. The results reveal comprehensive molecular regulatory processes underlying life cycle regulation in dinoflagellates involving signal transduction, gene expression and metabolite profile, which will improve our ability to understand and monitor dinoflagellate blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, West 55 of Zhongshan Avenue, 510631, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, West 601 of Huangpu Avenue, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, West 601 of Huangpu Avenue, 510632, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, West 601 of Huangpu Avenue, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, School of Life Science, South China Normal University, West 55 of Zhongshan Avenue, 510631, Guangzhou, China.
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19
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Śliwińska-Wilczewska S, Wiśniewska K, Konarzewska Z, Cieszyńska A, Barreiro Felpeto A, Lewandowska AU, Latała A. The current state of knowledge on taxonomy, modulating factors, ecological roles, and mode of action of phytoplankton allelochemicals. Sci Total Environ 2021; 773:145681. [PMID: 33940759 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Allelopathy is widespread in marine, brackish, and freshwater habitats. Literature data indicate that allelopathy could offer a competitive advantage for some phytoplankton species by reducing the growth of competitors. It is also believed that allelopathy may affect species succession. Thus, allelopathy may play a role in the development of blooms. Over the past few decades, the world's coastal waters have experienced increases in the numbers of cyanobacterial and microalgal blooming events. Understanding how allelopathy is implicated with other biological and environmental factors as a bloom-development mechanism is an important topic for future research. This review focuses on a taxonomic overview of allelopathic cyanobacteria and microalgae, the biological and environmental factors that affect allelochemical production, their role in ecological dynamics, and their physiological modes of action, as well as potential industrial applications of allelopathic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Śliwińska-Wilczewska
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Av. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Kinga Wiśniewska
- Division of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Av. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Zofia Konarzewska
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Av. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Agata Cieszyńska
- Institute of Oceanology Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Marine Physics, Marine Biophysics Laboratory, Sopot, Poland
| | - Aldo Barreiro Felpeto
- Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research-CIMAR/CIIMAR, University of Porto, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Anita U Lewandowska
- Division of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Av. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Adam Latała
- Division of Marine Ecosystems Functioning, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdańsk, Av. Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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20
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Mao XT, Xu RX, Gao Y, Li HY, Liu JS, Yang WD. Allelopathy of Alexandrium pacificum on Thalassiosira pseudonana in laboratory cultures. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 215:112123. [PMID: 33721666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alexandrium pacificum is a toxin-producing dinoflagellate with allelopathic effects. The elucidation of allelopathic mechanism of A. pacificum is of great significance for understanding A. pacificum blooms. To this end, using the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana as a target species, we observed changes in physiological, biochemical and gene transcription of T. pseudonana upon being co-cultured with A. pacificum. We found reciprocal effects between A. pacificum and T. pseudonana, and corroborated A. pacificum's allelopathy on T. pseudonana by observing inhibitory effects of filtrate from A. pacificum culture on the growth of T. pseudonana. We also found that co-culturing with A. pacificum, the expression of T. pseudonana genes related to photosynthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, antioxidant system, nutrient absorption and energy metabolism were drastically influenced. Coupled with the alterations in Fv/Fm (the variable/maximum fluorescence ratio), activity of superoxide dismutase, contents of malondialdehyde, neutral lipid and total protein in T. pseudonana co-cultured with A. pacificum, we propose that A. pacificum allelopathy could reduce the efficiency of photosynthesis and energy metabolism of T. pseudonana and caused the oxidative stress, while the nutrient absorption was also affected by allelopathic effects. The resultant data potentially uncovered the allelopathic molecular mechanism of A. pacificum to model alga T. pseudonana. The changes in nutrient uptake and even energy metabolism in T. pseudonana, as an adaptation to environmental conditions, may prevent it from stress-related injuries. Our finding might advance the understanding of allelopathic mechanism of A. pacificum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rui-Xia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hong-Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wei-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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21
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Chia MA, Lorenzi AS, Ameh I, Dauda S, Cordeiro-Araújo MK, Agee JT, Okpanachi IY, Adesalu AT. Susceptibility of phytoplankton to the increasing presence of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the aquatic environment: A review. Aquat Toxicol 2021; 234:105809. [PMID: 33780670 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Human and veterinary pharmaceuticals either in the form of un-metabolized, incompletely metabolized, and metabolized drugs are increasingly present in aquatic ecosystems. These active pharmaceutical ingredients from pharmaceutical industries, hospitals, agricultural, and domestic discharges find their way into water systems - where they adversely affect non-target organisms like phytoplankton. Different aspects of phytoplankton life; ranging from growth, reproduction, morphology, physiology, biochemical composition, oxidative response, proteomics, and transcriptomics are altered by pharmaceuticals. This review discusses the currently available information on the susceptibility of phytoplankton to the ever-increasing presence of pharmaceutical products in the aquatic environment by focusing on the effect of APIs on the physiology, metabolome, and proteome profiles of phytoplankton. We also highlight gaps in literature concerning the salient underlining biochemical interactions between phytoplankton communities and pharmaceuticals that require an in-depth investigation. This is all in a bid to understand the imminent dangers of the contamination of water bodies with pharmaceutical products and how this process unfavorably affects aquatic food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adriana Sturion Lorenzi
- Department of Cellular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, UnB, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Ilu Ameh
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Suleiman Dauda
- Department of Botany, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Department of Botany, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis km 235. Zip Code 13.565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Micheline Kézia Cordeiro-Araújo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Av. Pádua Dias, 11, São Dimas, Zip Code 13.418-900, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Jerry Tersoo Agee
- Department of Biochemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria; Africa Centre of Excellence for Neglected Tropical Diseases and Forensic Biotechnology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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22
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Zheng JW, Mao XT, Ye MH, Li HY, Liu JS, Yang WD. Allelopathy and underlying mechanism of Karenia mikimotoi on the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana under laboratory condition. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Yates P, Koester JA, Taylor AR. Brevetoxin and Conotoxin Interactions with Single-Domain Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels from a Diatom and Coccolithophore. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19030140. [PMID: 33801270 PMCID: PMC8002053 DOI: 10.3390/md19030140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The recently characterized single-domain voltage-gated ion channels from eukaryotic protists (EukCats) provide an array of novel channel proteins upon which to test the pharmacology of both clinically and environmentally relevant marine toxins. Here, we examined the effects of the hydrophilic µ-CTx PIIIA and the lipophilic brevetoxins PbTx-2 and PbTx-3 on heterologously expressed EukCat ion channels from a marine diatom and coccolithophore. Surprisingly, none of the toxins inhibited the peak currents evoked by the two EukCats tested. The lack of homology in the outer pore elements of the channel may disrupt the binding of µ-CTx PIIIA, while major structural differences between mammalian sodium channels and the C-terminal domains of the EukCats may diminish interactions with the brevetoxins. However, all three toxins produced significant negative shifts in the voltage dependence of activation and steady state inactivation, suggesting alternative and state-dependent binding conformations that potentially lead to changes in the excitability of the phytoplankton themselves.
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24
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Colon R, Rein KS. Essential components of the xanthophyll cycle differ in high and low toxin Karenia brevis. Harmful Algae 2021; 103:102006. [PMID: 33980446 PMCID: PMC10246377 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The dinoflagellate Karenia brevis, blooms annually in the Gulf of Mexico, producing a suite of neurotoxins known as the brevetoxins. The cellular toxin content of K. brevis, however, is highly variable between or even within strains. Herein, we investigate physiological differences between high (KbHT) and low (KbLT) toxin producing cultures both derived from the Wilson strain, related to energy-dependent quenching (qE) by photosystem II, and reduced thiol content of the proteome. We demonstrate that gene and protein expression of the xanthophyll cycle enzyme diadinoxanthin de-epoxidase (Dde) and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) synthase are not significantly different in the two cultures. Using redox proteomics, we report a significantly higher reduced cysteine content in the low toxin proteome, including plastid localized thioredoxin reductase (Trx) which can result in inactivation of Dde and activation of MGDG synthase. We also report significant differences in the lipidomes of KbHT and KbLT with respect to MGDG, which facilitates the xanthophyll cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Colon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Kathleen S Rein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Miami, FL 33199, United States.
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25
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Wang X, Huo Y, Yang F, Wang Y. Induced Allelopathic Effects of Thalassiosira weissflogii on Colony Formation in Phaeocystis globosa. Water 2021; 13:581. [DOI: 10.3390/w13050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Co-culturing and using cell-free filtrates are common methods for investigating allelopathy of marine phytoplankton; however, these methods often yield inconsistent or even contradictory results. The induced release of allelopathic compounds has been hypothesized as a mechanism to explain the discrepancy. Here, we used experiments to assess the inducibility of allelopathy by the diatom, Thalassiosira weissflogii, on the colony formation of Phaeocystis globosa. T. weissflogii and its cell-free filtrates showed inhibitory effects on the growth of solitary P. globosa cells. The colony number, colony diameter, and cells per colony decreased by co-occurring T. weissflogii cells but were enhanced by their extracellular filtrates alone. Living T. weissflogii cells possibly affect the colony integrity by reducing colonial cell density of P. globosa. When P. globosa and T. weissflogii were co-cultured but separated with a 2-µm membrane filter, thus allowing the exchange of extracellular secretions without direct cell contact, P. globosa colony concentration, colony diameter, cells per colony and colonial cell density were inhibited. Once T. weissflogii cells were pre-exposed to cell-free filtrates of P. globosa, their filtrates inhibited colony formation. T. weissflogii had allelopathic effects on P. globosa by releasing extracellular compounds that inhibited growth of solitary cells and colony formation, as well as disrupting colony integrity. However, the allelopathic effects of T. weissflogii on colony formation were only induced when the presence of P. globosa was perceived. Chemically mediated allelopathic effects of diatoms on colony formation of P. globosa may play an important role in the succession of diatoms and Phaeocystis.
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26
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Thangaraj S, Palanisamy SK, Zhang G, Sun J. Quantitative Proteomic Profiling of Marine Diatom Skeletonema dohrnii in Response to Temperature and Silicate Induced Environmental Stress. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:554832. [PMID: 33519723 PMCID: PMC7841394 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.554832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Global warming is expected to reduce the nutrient concentration in the upper ocean and affect the physiology of marine diatoms, but the underlying molecular mechanisms controlling these physiological changes are currently unknown. To understand these mechanisms, here we investigated iTRAQ based proteomic profiling of diatom Skeletonema dohrnii in a multifactorial experimental with a combining change of temperature and silicate concentrations. In total, 3369 differently abundant proteins were detected in four different environmental conditions, and the function of all proteins was identified using Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analysis. For discriminating the proteome variation among samples, multivariate statistical analysis (PCA, PLS-DA) was performed by comparing the protein ratio differences. Further, performing pathway analysis on diatom proteomes, we here demonstrated downregulation of photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and ribosome biogenesis in the cellular process that leads to decrease the oxidoreductase activity and affects the cell cycle of the diatom. Using PLS-DA VIP score plot analysis, we identified 15 protein biomarkers for discriminating studied samples. Of these, five proteins or gene (rbcL, PRK, atpB, DNA-binding, and signal transduction) identified as key biomarkers, induced by temperature and silicate stress in diatom metabolism. Our results show that proteomic finger-printing of S. dohrnii with different environmental conditions adds biological information that strengthens marine phytoplankton proteome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satheesh Kumar Palanisamy
- Department of Zoology, School of Natural Science, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Guicheng Zhang
- Research Center for Indian Ocean Ecosystem, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Sun
- College of Marine Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
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Edison AS, Colonna M, Gouveia GJ, Holderman NR, Judge MT, Shen X, Zhang S. NMR: Unique Strengths That Enhance Modern Metabolomics Research. Anal Chem 2020; 93:478-499. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Lovass MK, Marshall DJ, Ghedini G. Conspecific chemical cues drive density-dependent metabolic suppression independently of resource intake. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb224824. [PMID: 32709627 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.224824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Within species, individuals of the same size can vary substantially in their metabolic rate. One source of variation in metabolism is conspecific density - individuals in denser populations may have lower metabolism than those in sparser populations. However, the mechanisms through which conspecifics drive metabolic suppression remain unclear. Although food competition is a potential driver, other density-mediated factors could act independently or in combination to drive metabolic suppression, but these drivers have rarely been investigated. We used sessile marine invertebrates to test how food availability interacts with oxygen availability, water flow and chemical cues to affect metabolism. We show that conspecific chemical cues induce metabolic suppression independently of food and this metabolic reduction is associated with the downregulation of physiological processes rather than feeding activity. Conspecific cues should be considered when predicting metabolic variation and competitive outcomes as they are an important, but underexplored, source of variation in metabolic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie K Lovass
- Marine Evolutionary Ecology Group, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Dustin J Marshall
- Marine Evolutionary Ecology Group, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Giulia Ghedini
- Marine Evolutionary Ecology Group, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
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29
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Kumar G, Shekh A, Jakhu S, Sharma Y, Kapoor R, Sharma TR. Bioengineering of Microalgae: Recent Advances, Perspectives, and Regulatory Challenges for Industrial Application. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:914. [PMID: 33014997 PMCID: PMC7494788 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae, due to their complex metabolic capacity, are being continuously explored for nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, and other industrially important bioactives. However, suboptimal yield and productivity of the bioactive of interest in local and robust wild-type strains are of perennial concerns for their industrial applications. To overcome such limitations, strain improvement through genetic engineering could play a decisive role. Though the advanced tools for genetic engineering have emerged at a greater pace, they still remain underused for microalgae as compared to other microorganisms. Pertaining to this, we reviewed the progress made so far in the development of molecular tools and techniques, and their deployment for microalgae strain improvement through genetic engineering. The recent availability of genome sequences and other omics datasets form diverse microalgae species have remarkable potential to guide strategic momentum in microalgae strain improvement program. This review focuses on the recent and significant improvements in the omics resources, mutant libraries, and high throughput screening methodologies helpful to augment research in the model and non-model microalgae. Authors have also summarized the case studies on genetically engineered microalgae and highlight the opportunities and challenges that are emerging from the current progress in the application of genome-editing to facilitate microalgal strain improvement. Toward the end, the regulatory and biosafety issues in the use of genetically engineered microalgae in commercial applications are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulshan Kumar
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Ajam Shekh
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru, India
| | - Sunaina Jakhu
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Yogesh Sharma
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Ritu Kapoor
- Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, India
| | - Tilak Raj Sharma
- Division of Crop Science, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
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30
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Liu H, Guo X, Liu L, Yan M, Li J, Hou S, Wan J, Feng L. Simultaneous Microcystin Degradation and Microcystis aeruginosa Inhibition with the Single Enzyme Microcystinase A. Environ Sci Technol 2020; 54:8811-8820. [PMID: 32463659 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Harmful Microcystis blooms (HMBs) seriously threaten the ecology of environments and human health. Microcystins (MCs) produced by Microcystis are powerful mediators of HMB induction and maintenance. In this study, microcystinase A (MlrA), an enzyme with MC-degrading ability, was successfully obtained at over 90% purity for the first time through overexpression in Escherichia coli K12 TB1. The obtained MlrA exhibited high stability at high temperature and under alkaline conditions, while also exhibiting a long half-life. MlrA selectively inhibited MC-producing Microcystis cultures, but had no effect on MC-nonproducing Synechocystis cultures. The inhibition mechanism of MlrA against Microcystis was investigated by evaluating the morphological and physiological characteristics of cultures. MlrA effectively degraded extracellular MCs and decreased the synthesis of intracellular MCs by causing downregulation of genes involved in the microcystin biosynthesis pathway. Concomitantly, MlrA inhibited Microcystis photosynthesis by causing the downregulated expression of important photosynthesis pathway genes and interrupting electron transport chain activities and pigment synthesis. Thus, MlrA achieved the inhibition of Microcystis growth by reducing its photosynthetic capacity and intracellular MC contents, while also degrading extracellular MCs. On the basis of these results, we propose a new paradigm to achieve the simultaneous removal of MCs and HMBs using the single enzyme characterized here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoliang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiahui Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology (CCNU), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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31
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Patin NV, Brown E, Chebli G, Garfield C, Kubanek J, Stewart FJ. Microbial and chemical dynamics of a toxic dinoflagellate bloom. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9493. [PMID: 33240577 PMCID: PMC7676380 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) exert considerable ecological and economic damage and are becoming increasingly frequent worldwide. However, the biological factors underlying HABs remain uncertain. Relationships between algae and bacteria may contribute to bloom formation, strength, and duration. We investigated the microbial communities and metabolomes associated with a HAB of the toxic dinoflagellate Karenia brevis off the west coast of Florida in June 2018. Microbial communities and intracellular metabolite pools differed based on both bacterial lifestyle and bloom level, suggesting a complex role for blooms in reshaping microbial processes. Network analysis identified K. brevis as an ecological hub in the planktonic ecosystem, with significant connections to diverse microbial taxa. These included four flavobacteria and one sequence variant unidentified past the domain level, suggesting uncharacterized diversity in phytoplankton-associated microbial communities. Additionally, intracellular metabolomic analyses associated high K. brevis levels with higher levels of aromatic compounds and lipids. These findings reveal water column microbial and chemical characteristics with potentially important implications for understanding HAB onset and duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastassia V Patin
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.,Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Emily Brown
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Gabriella Chebli
- Department of Chemistry, Agnes Scott College, Decatur, GA, United States of America
| | - Claire Garfield
- School of Arts and Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
| | - Julia Kubanek
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.,Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.,School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Frank J Stewart
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.,Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States of America.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States of America
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32
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Ji C, Lu Z, Xu L, Li F, Cong M, Shan X, Wu H. Global responses to tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TCPP) in rockfish Sebastes schlegeli using integrated proteomic and metabolomic approach. Sci Total Environ 2020; 724:138307. [PMID: 32272412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
As alternatives of brominated flame retardants, organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) can be detected in multiple marine environmental media. Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TCPP) was one of the most frequently and abundantly detected OPFRs in the Bohai Sea. Exposure to TCPP has been shown to induce abnormal behavior in zebrafish as well as neurotoxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. However, there is a lack of mechanism investigations on the toxic effects of TCPP at molecular levels. In this work, proteomics and metabolomics were integrated to analyze the proteome and metabolome responses in rockfish Sebastes schlegeli treated with TCPP (10 and 100 nM) for 15 days. A total of 143 proteins and 8 metabolites were significantly altered in rockfish following TCPP treatments. The responsive proteins and metabolites were predominantly involved in neurotransmission, neurodevelopment, signal transduction, cellular transport, cholesterol metabolism, bile acid synthesis, and detoxification. Furthermore, a hypothesized network of proteins, metabolites, and pathways in rockfish was summarized based on the combination of proteomic and metabolomic results, showing some key molecular events in response to TCPP. Overall, the present study unraveled the molecular responses at protein and metabolite levels, which provided a better understanding of toxicological effects and mechanisms of TCPP in marine teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Zhen Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lanlan Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Ming Cong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Shan
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Qingdao 266071, PR China.
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33
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McIlroy SE, Wong JCY, Baker DM. Competitive traits of coral symbionts may alter the structure and function of the microbiome. ISME J 2020; 14:2424-2432. [PMID: 32518247 PMCID: PMC7490369 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-0697-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the face of global warming and unprecedented coral bleaching, a new avenue of research is focused on relatively rare algal symbionts and their ability to confer thermal tolerance to their host by association. Yet, thermal tolerance is just one of many physiological attributes inherent to the diversity of symbiodinians, a result of millions of years of competition and niche partitioning. Here, we revealed that competition among cocultured symbiodinians alters nutrient assimilation and compound production with species-specific responses. For Cladocopium goreaui, a species ubiquitous within stable coral associations, temperature stress increased sensitivity to competition eliciting a shift toward investment in cell replication, i.e., putative niche exploitation. Meanwhile, competition led Durusdinium trenchii, a thermally tolerant “background” symbiodinian, to divert resources from immediate growth to storage. As such, competition may be driving the dominance of C. goreaui outside of temperature stress, the destabilization of symbioses under thermal stress, the repopulation of coral tissues by D. trenchii following bleaching, and ultimately undermine the efficacy of symbiont turnover as an adaptive mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby E McIlroy
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PRC.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PRC
| | - Jane C Y Wong
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PRC.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PRC
| | - David M Baker
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PRC. .,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PRC.
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34
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Roccuzzo S, Couto N, Karunakaran E, Kapoore RV, Butler TO, Mukherjee J, Hansson EM, Beckerman AP, Pandhal J. Metabolic Insights Into Infochemicals Induced Colony Formation and Flocculation in Scenedesmus subspicatus Unraveled by Quantitative Proteomics. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:792. [PMID: 32457714 PMCID: PMC7220994 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalgae can respond to natural cues from crustacean grazers, such as Daphnia, by forming colonies and aggregations called flocs. Combining microalgal biology, physiological ecology, and quantitative proteomics, we identified how infochemicals from Daphnia trigger physiological and cellular level changes in the microalga Scenedesmus subspicatus, underpinning colony formation and flocculation. We discovered that flocculation occurs at an energy-demanding ‘alarm’ phase, with an important role proposed in cysteine synthesis. Flocculation appeared to be initially stimulated by the production of an extracellular matrix where polysaccharides and fatty acids were present, and later sustained at an ‘acclimation’ stage through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades. Colony formation required investment into fatty acid metabolism, likely linked to separation of membranes during cell division. Higher energy demands were required at the alarm phase, which subsequently decreased at the acclimation stage, thus suggesting a trade-off between colony formation and flocculation. From an ecological and evolutionary perspective, our findings represent an improved understanding of the effect of infochemicals on microalgae-grazers interactions, and how they can therefore potentially impact on the structure of aquatic communities. Moreover, the mechanisms revealed are of interest in algal biotechnology, for exploitation in low-cost, sustainable microalgal biomass harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiana Roccuzzo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Narciso Couto
- Centre for Applied Pharmacokinetic Research, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Esther Karunakaran
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Rahul Vijay Kapoore
- Department of Biosciences, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas O Butler
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Joy Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Erika M Hansson
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew P Beckerman
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Jagroop Pandhal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Diatoms are key phytoplankton in the modern ocean that are involved in numerous biotic interactions, ranging from symbiosis to predation and viral infection, which have considerable effects on global biogeochemical cycles. However, despite recent large-scale studies of plankton, we are still lacking a comprehensive picture of the diversity of diatom biotic interactions in the marine microbial community. Through the ecological interpretation of both inferred microbial association networks and available knowledge on diatom interactions compiled in an open-access database, we propose an ecosystems approach for exploring diatom interactions in the ocean. Diatoms are a major component of phytoplankton, believed to be responsible for around 20% of the annual primary production on Earth. As abundant and ubiquitous organisms, they are known to establish biotic interactions with many other members of plankton. Through analyses of cooccurrence networks derived from the Tara Oceans expedition that take into account both biotic and abiotic factors in shaping the spatial distributions of species, we show that only 13% of diatom pairwise associations are driven by environmental conditions; the vast majority are independent of abiotic factors. In contrast to most other plankton groups, on a global scale, diatoms display a much higher proportion of negative correlations with other organisms, particularly toward potential predators and parasites, suggesting that their biogeography is constrained by top-down pressure. Genus-level analyses indicate that abundant diatoms are not necessarily the most connected and that species-specific abundance distribution patterns lead to negative associations with other organisms. In order to move forward in the biological interpretation of cooccurrence networks, an open-access extensive literature survey of diatom biotic interactions was compiled, of which 18.5% were recovered in the computed network. This result reveals the extent of what likely remains to be discovered in the field of planktonic biotic interactions, even for one of the best-known organismal groups. IMPORTANCE Diatoms are key phytoplankton in the modern ocean that are involved in numerous biotic interactions, ranging from symbiosis to predation and viral infection, which have considerable effects on global biogeochemical cycles. However, despite recent large-scale studies of plankton, we are still lacking a comprehensive picture of the diversity of diatom biotic interactions in the marine microbial community. Through the ecological interpretation of both inferred microbial association networks and available knowledge on diatom interactions compiled in an open-access database, we propose an ecosystems approach for exploring diatom interactions in the ocean.
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Hennon GMM, Dyhrman ST. Progress and promise of omics for predicting the impacts of climate change on harmful algal blooms. Harmful Algae 2020; 91:101587. [PMID: 32057337 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is predicted to increase the severity and prevalence of harmful algal blooms (HABs). In the past twenty years, omics techniques such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics have transformed that data landscape of many fields including the study of HABs. Advances in technology have facilitated the creation of many publicly available omics datasets that are complementary and shed new light on the mechanisms of HAB formation and toxin production. Genomics have been used to reveal differences in toxicity and nutritional requirements, while transcriptomics and proteomics have been used to explore HAB species responses to environmental stressors, and metabolomics can reveal mechanisms of allelopathy and toxicity. In this review, we explore how omics data may be leveraged to improve predictions of how climate change will impact HAB dynamics. We also highlight important gaps in our knowledge of HAB prediction, which include swimming behaviors, microbial interactions and evolution that can be addressed by future studies with omics tools. Lastly, we discuss approaches to incorporate current omics datasets into predictive numerical models that may enhance HAB prediction in a changing world. With the ever-increasing omics databases, leveraging these data for understanding climate-driven HAB dynamics will be increasingly powerful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwenn M M Hennon
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States; College of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks, AK, United States
| | - Sonya T Dyhrman
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, United States; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.
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Zhang M, Lu T, Paerl HW, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Zhou Z, Qian H. Feedback Regulation between Aquatic Microorganisms and the Bloom-Forming Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:e01362-19. [PMID: 31420344 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01362-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The frequency and intensity of cyanobacterial blooms are increasing worldwide. Interactions between toxic cyanobacteria and aquatic microorganisms need to be critically evaluated to understand microbial drivers and modulators of the blooms. In this study, we applied 16S/18S rRNA gene sequencing and metabolomics analyses to measure the microbial community composition and metabolic responses of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa in a coculture system receiving dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus (DIP) close to representative concentrations in Lake Taihu, China. M. aeruginosa secreted alkaline phosphatase using a DIP source produced by moribund and decaying microorganisms when the P source was insufficient. During this process, M. aeruginosa accumulated several intermediates in energy metabolism pathways to provide energy for sustained high growth rates and increased intracellular sugars to enhance its competitive capacity and ability to defend itself against microbial attack. It also produced a variety of toxic substances, including microcystins, to inhibit metabolite formation via energy metabolism pathways of aquatic microorganisms, leading to a negative effect on bacterial and eukaryotic microbial richness and diversity. Overall, compared with the monoculture system, the growth of M. aeruginosa was accelerated in coculture, while the growth of some cooccurring microorganisms was inhibited, with the diversity and richness of eukaryotic microorganisms being more negatively impacted than those of prokaryotic microorganisms. These findings provide valuable information for clarifying how M. aeruginosa can potentially modulate its associations with other microorganisms, with ramifications for its dominance in aquatic ecosystems.IMPORTANCE We measured the microbial community composition and metabolic responses of Microcystis aeruginosa in a microcosm coculture system receiving dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus (DIP) close to the average concentrations in Lake Taihu. In the coculture system, DIP is depleted and the growth and production of aquatic microorganisms can be stressed by a lack of DIP availability. M. aeruginosa could accelerate its growth via interactions with specific cooccurring microorganisms and the accumulation of several intermediates in energy metabolism-related pathways. Furthermore, M. aeruginosa can decrease the carbohydrate metabolism of cooccurring aquatic microorganisms and thus disrupt microbial activities in the coculture. This also had a negative effect on bacterial and eukaryotic microbial richness and diversity. Microcystin was capable of decreasing the biomass of total phytoplankton in aquatic microcosms. Overall, compared to the monoculture, the growth of total aquatic microorganisms is inhibited, with the diversity and richness of eukaryotic microorganisms being more negatively impacted than those of prokaryotic microorganisms. The only exception is M. aeruginosa in the coculture system, whose growth was accelerated.
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Zhang H, He YB, Wu PF, Zhang SF, Xie ZX, Li DX, Lin L, Chen F, Wang DZ. Functional Differences in the Blooming Phytoplankton Heterosigma akashiwo and Prorocentrum donghaiense Revealed by Comparative Metaproteomics. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:e01425-19. [PMID: 31375486 PMCID: PMC6752027 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01425-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoplankton blooms are natural phenomena in the ocean, which are the results of rapid cell growth of some phytoplankton species in a unique environment. However, little is known about the molecular events occurring during the bloom. Here, we compared metaproteomes of two phytoplankton Heterosigma akashiwo and Prorocentrum donghaiense in the coastal East China Sea. H. akashiwo and P. donghaiense accounted for 7.82% and 4.74% of the phytoplankton community protein abundances in the nonbloom sample, whereas they contributed to 60.13% and 78.09%, respectively, in their individual blooming samples. Compared with P. donghaiense, H. akashiwo possessed a significantly higher abundance of light-harvesting complex proteins, carbonic anhydrasem and RuBisCO. The blooming H. akashiwo cells expressed more proteins related to external nutrient acquisition, such as bicarbonate transporter SLC4, ammonium transporter, nitrite transporter, and alkaline phosphatase, while the blooming P. donghaiense cells highly expressed proteins related to extra- and intracellular organic nutrient utilization, such as amino acid transporter, 5'-nucleotidase, acid phosphatase, and tripeptidyl-peptidase. The strong capabilities of light harvesting, as well as acquisition and assimilation of inorganic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, facilitated the formation of the H. akashiwo bloom under the high turbidity and inorganic nutrient-sufficient condition, whereas the competitive advantages in organic nutrient acquisition and reallocation guaranteed the occurrence of the P. donghaiense bloom under the inorganic nutrient-insufficient condition. This study highlights the power of metaproteomics for revealing the underlying molecular behaviors of different coexisting phytoplankton species and advances our knowledge on the formation of phytoplankton blooms.IMPORTANCE A deep understanding of the mechanisms driving bloom formation is a prerequisite for effective bloom management. Metaproteomics was applied in this study to reveal the adaptive and responsive strategies of two coexisting phytoplankton species, H. akashiwo and P. donghaiense, during their bloom periods. Metabolic features and niche divergence in light harvesting, as well as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus acquisition and assimilation likely promoted the bloom occurrence under different environments. The molecular behaviors of coexisting bloom-causing species will give clues for bloom monitoring and management in the oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yan-Bin He
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng-Fei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhang-Xian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Dong-Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science/College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Corcoran AA, Seger M, Niu R, Nirmalakhandan N, Lammers PJ, Holguin FO, Boeing WJ. Evidence for induced allelopathy in an isolate of Coelastrella following co-culture with Chlorella sorokiniana. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Li Y, Li R, Ye Y, Mu C, Wang C. 1H NMR metabolic profiling revealed characteristic metabolites in mud crab Scylla paramamosain for different geographical origins. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2019.1623802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yangfang Ye
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changkao Mu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunlin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Chinese Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China
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Xu N, Dong M, Yang Y, Wang Y, Chang Y, Wan J, Zhu W, Wang J, Liu W. Integrative transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics data analysis exploring the injury mechanism of ricin on human lung epithelial cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 60:160-72. [PMID: 31103672 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Ricin (RT) is a plant toxin belonging to the family of type II ribosome-inactivating protein with high bioterrorism potential. Aerosol RT exposure is the most lethal route, but its mechanism of injury needs further investigation. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics analysis on the potential mechanism of injury caused by RT on human lung epithelial cells. In total, 5872 genes, 187 proteins, and 143 metabolites were shown to be significantly changed in human lung epithelial cells after RT treatment. Molecular function, pathway, and network analyses, the genes and proteins regulated in RT-treated cells were mainly attributed to fatty acid metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathway. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of transcripts, proteins, and metabolites was performed. The results revealed the correlated genes, proteins, and metabolic pathways regulated in metabolic pathways, amino acid metabolism, transcription and energy metabolism. These genes, proteins, and metabolites involved in these dis-regulated pathways may provide a more targeted and credible direction to study the mechanism of RT injury on human lung epithelial cells. This study provides large-scale omics data that can be used to develop a new strategy for the prevention, rapid diagnosis, and treatment of RT poisoning, especially of RT aerosol.
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Zhu W, Yu H, Wang Y, Chang Y, Wan J, Xu N, Wang J, Liu W. Integration of transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics data to reveal the biological mechanisms of abrin injury in human lung epithelial cells. Toxicol Lett 2019; 312:1-10. [PMID: 31054353 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abrin toxin (AT) is a potent plant toxin that belongs to the type Ⅱ ribosome inactivating protein family and is recognized as an important toxin agent for potential bioweapons. Exposure to AT by way of aerosol is the most lethal route, but the mechanism of injury requires further investigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics on the potential mechanism of abrin injury in human lung epithelial cells. RESULTS In total, 6838 genes, 314 proteins and 178 metabolites showed significant changes in human lung epithelial cells after AT treatment. Using molecular function, pathway, and network analysis, the genes and proteins regulated in AT-treated cells were mainly attributed to amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and genetic information processing. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of the transcripts, proteins, and metabolites was performed. The results revealed that the correlated genes, proteins, and metabolism pathways regulated in AT-treated human lung epithelial cells were involved in tryptophan metabolism, biosynthesis of amino acids, and protein digestion and absorption. CONCLUSION This study provides large-scale omics data to develop new strategies for the prevention, rapid diagnosis, and treatment of AT poisoning, especially AT from aerosol.
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Aguilera-Sáez LM, Abreu AC, Camacho-Rodríguez J, González-López CV, Del Carmen Cerón-García M, Fernández I. NMR Metabolomics as an Effective Tool To Unravel the Effect of Light Intensity and Temperature on the Composition of the Marine Microalgae Isochrysis galbana. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:3879-3889. [PMID: 30920825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate data analysis techniques was applied to obtain meaningful information about nontargeted metabolic changes on Isochrysis galbana upon acclimation to different environmental conditions at indoor lab-scale. The effects of temperature (from 15 to 30 °C) and incident irradiance (from 250 to 1600 μmol m-2 s-1) at a constant dilution rate of 0.3 h-1 were evaluated. High irradiances stimulated a decrease of chlorophyll a, fucoxanthin and amino acids content, and the conversion of polar fatty acids (PLs, GLs, DGDGs, SGDGs) to neutral fatty acids (saturated and unsaturated). High temperatures together with high irradiances decreased PUFAs concentration, including omega-3 fatty acids. Under low irradiance and temperature organic osmolytes (homarine, DMSP, GBT, and glycerol), and sugars (glucose, trehalose, and galactose) were also reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Manuel Aguilera-Sáez
- Department of Chemistry and Physics and Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 , Almería ( Spain )
| | - Ana Cristina Abreu
- Department of Chemistry and Physics and Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 , Almería ( Spain )
| | - Javier Camacho-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemistry and Physics and Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 , Almería ( Spain )
| | - Cynthia Victoria González-López
- Department of Chemistry and Physics and Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 , Almería ( Spain )
| | - María Del Carmen Cerón-García
- Department of Chemistry and Physics and Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 , Almería ( Spain )
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Department of Chemistry and Physics and Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Centre CIAIMBITAL , University of Almería , Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 , Almería ( Spain )
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Sun A, Ban Z, Mu L, Hu X. Screening Small Metabolites from Cells as Multifunctional Coatings Simultaneously Improves Nanomaterial Biocompatibility and Functionality. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2018; 5:1800341. [PMID: 30027060 PMCID: PMC6051401 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Currently, nanomaterials face a dilemma due to their advantageous properties and potential risks to human health. Here, a strategy to improve both nanomaterial biocompatibility and functionality is established by screening small metabolites from cells as nanomaterial coatings. A metabolomics analysis of cells exposed to nanosilver (nAg) integrates volcano plots (t-tests and fold change analysis), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and significance analysis of microarrays (SAM) and identifies six metabolites (l-aspartic acid, l-malic acid, myoinositol, d-sorbitol, citric acid, and l-cysteine). The further analysis of cell viability, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis reveals that d-sorbitol markedly reduces nAg cytotoxicity. Subsequently, small molecule loading, surface oxidation, and ionic release experiments support d-sorbitol as the optimal coating for nAg. Importantly, d-sorbitol loading improves the duration of the antibacterial activity of nAg against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The biocidal persistence of nAg-sorbitol is extended beyond 9 h, and the biocidal effects at 12 h are significantly higher than those of naked nAg. This work proposes a new strategy to improve the biocompatibility and functionality of nAg simultaneously by screening small metabolites from cells as nanomaterial functional coatings, a method that can be applied to mitigate the side effects of other nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution ControlCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Zhan Ban
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution ControlCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Li Mu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro‐environment and Safe‐productKey Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro‐product Quality Safety (Ministry of Agriculture)Institute of Agro‐environmental ProtectionMinistry of AgricultureTianjin300191China
| | - Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education)/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution ControlCollege of Environmental Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
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Poulin RX, Hogan S, Poulson-Ellestad KL, Brown E, Fernández FM, Kubanek J. Karenia brevis allelopathy compromises the lipidome, membrane integrity, and photosynthesis of competitors. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9572. [PMID: 29934632 PMCID: PMC6015087 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27845-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation, propagation, and maintenance of harmful algal blooms are of interest due to their negative effects on marine life and human health. Some bloom-forming algae utilize allelopathy, the release of compounds that inhibit competitors, to exclude other species dependent on a common pool of limiting resources. Allelopathy is hypothesized to affect bloom dynamics and is well established in the red tide dinoflagellate Karenia brevis. K. brevis typically suppresses competitor growth rather than being acutely toxic to other algae. When we investigated the effects of allelopathy on two competitors, Asterionellopsis glacialis and Thalassiosira pseudonana, using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolomics, we found that the lipidomes of both species were significantly altered. However, A. glacialis maintained a more robust metabolism in response to K. brevis allelopathy whereas T. pseudonana exhibited significant alterations in lipid synthesis, cell membrane integrity, and photosynthesis. Membrane-associated lipids were significantly suppressed for T. pseudonana exposed to allelopathy such that membranes of living cells became permeable. K. brevis allelopathy appears to target lipid biosynthesis affecting multiple physiological pathways suggesting that exuded compounds have the ability to significantly alter competitor physiology, giving K. brevis an edge over sensitive species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remington X Poulin
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Aquatic Chemical Ecology Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Scott Hogan
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Kelsey L Poulson-Ellestad
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Department of Biological, Chemical, and Physical Sciences, Roosevelt University, 430S Michigan Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60605, USA
| | - Emily Brown
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Aquatic Chemical Ecology Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Facundo M Fernández
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Aquatic Chemical Ecology Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Julia Kubanek
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Dr, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Aquatic Chemical Ecology Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
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Dyer LA, Philbin CS, Ochsenrider KM, Richards LA, Massad TJ, Smilanich AM, Forister ML, Parchman TL, Galland LM, Hurtado PJ, Espeset AE, Glassmire AE, Harrison JG, Mo C, Yoon S, Pardikes NA, Muchoney ND, Jahner JP, Slinn HL, Shelef O, Dodson CD, Kato MJ, Yamaguchi LF, Jeffrey CS. Modern approaches to study plant–insect interactions in chemical ecology. Nat Rev Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1038/s41570-018-0009-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Peters K, Worrich A, Weinhold A, Alka O, Balcke G, Birkemeyer C, Bruelheide H, Calf OW, Dietz S, Dührkop K, Gaquerel E, Heinig U, Kücklich M, Macel M, Müller C, Poeschl Y, Pohnert G, Ristok C, Rodríguez VM, Ruttkies C, Schuman M, Schweiger R, Shahaf N, Steinbeck C, Tortosa M, Treutler H, Ueberschaar N, Velasco P, Weiß BM, Widdig A, Neumann S, Dam NMV. Current Challenges in Plant Eco-Metabolomics. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1385. [PMID: 29734799 PMCID: PMC5983679 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The relatively new research discipline of Eco-Metabolomics is the application of metabolomics techniques to ecology with the aim to characterise biochemical interactions of organisms across different spatial and temporal scales. Metabolomics is an untargeted biochemical approach to measure many thousands of metabolites in different species, including plants and animals. Changes in metabolite concentrations can provide mechanistic evidence for biochemical processes that are relevant at ecological scales. These include physiological, phenotypic and morphological responses of plants and communities to environmental changes and also interactions with other organisms. Traditionally, research in biochemistry and ecology comes from two different directions and is performed at distinct spatiotemporal scales. Biochemical studies most often focus on intrinsic processes in individuals at physiological and cellular scales. Generally, they take a bottom-up approach scaling up cellular processes from spatiotemporally fine to coarser scales. Ecological studies usually focus on extrinsic processes acting upon organisms at population and community scales and typically study top-down and bottom-up processes in combination. Eco-Metabolomics is a transdisciplinary research discipline that links biochemistry and ecology and connects the distinct spatiotemporal scales. In this review, we focus on approaches to study chemical and biochemical interactions of plants at various ecological levels, mainly plant⁻organismal interactions, and discuss related examples from other domains. We present recent developments and highlight advancements in Eco-Metabolomics over the last decade from various angles. We further address the five key challenges: (1) complex experimental designs and large variation of metabolite profiles; (2) feature extraction; (3) metabolite identification; (4) statistical analyses; and (5) bioinformatics software tools and workflows. The presented solutions to these challenges will advance connecting the distinct spatiotemporal scales and bridging biochemistry and ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Peters
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Stress and Developmental Biology, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Anja Worrich
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger-Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany.
- UFZ-Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research, Department Environmental Microbiology, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Alexander Weinhold
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger-Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Oliver Alka
- Applied Bioinformatics Group, Center for Bioinformatics, University of Tübingen, Sand 14, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Gerd Balcke
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Cell and Metabolic Biology, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Claudia Birkemeyer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Onno W Calf
- Molecular Interaction Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research (IWWR), Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Sophie Dietz
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Stress and Developmental Biology, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Kai Dührkop
- Department of Bioinformatics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Ernst-Abbe-Platz 2, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Emmanuel Gaquerel
- Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Uwe Heinig
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Sciences, 234 Herzl St., P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Marlen Kücklich
- Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Talstraße 33, 04109 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Mirka Macel
- Molecular Interaction Ecology, Institute for Water and Wetland Research (IWWR), Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Caroline Müller
- Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Yvonne Poeschl
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Informatics, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Seckendorff-Platz 1, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Georg Pohnert
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Christian Ristok
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Victor Manuel Rodríguez
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassica, Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Apartado 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Christoph Ruttkies
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Stress and Developmental Biology, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Meredith Schuman
- Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Rabea Schweiger
- Chemical Ecology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstr. 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Nir Shahaf
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Faculty of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Sciences, 234 Herzl St., P.O. Box 26, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Christoph Steinbeck
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Maria Tortosa
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassica, Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Apartado 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Hendrik Treutler
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Stress and Developmental Biology, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Nico Ueberschaar
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Pablo Velasco
- Group of Genetics, Breeding and Biochemistry of Brassica, Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), Apartado 28, 36080 Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - Brigitte M Weiß
- Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Talstraße 33, 04109 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Anja Widdig
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Biology, University of Leipzig, Talstraße 33, 04109 Leipzig, Germany.
- Research Group of Primate Kin Selection, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Steffen Neumann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Stress and Developmental Biology, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Nicole M van Dam
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger-Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany.
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Ternon E, Pavaux AS, Marro S, Thomas OP, Lemée R. Allelopathic interactions between the benthic toxic dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata and a co-occurring diatom. Harmful Algae 2018; 75:35-44. [PMID: 29778224 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
For decades the microphytobenthos assemblage in the coastal Mediterranean Sea has been regularly colonized by the toxic benthic dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata. This harmful algal species is a toxin producer and occupies the same ecological niche as various diatoms. Surprisingly, there are only few insights reported on the physiological responses of diatoms to blooms of O. cf. ovata The chemical interactions of O. cf. ovata with the co-occurring diatom Licmophora paradoxa was studied using a bioassay (measuring impact of cell-free culture filtrate) and a co-culture approach (separate by a membrane) to investigate the effects of the exometabolome and its mode of action. Bioassays highlighted a toxic effect of the exometabolome of O. cf. ovata on the diatom photosynthetic activity. However, the co-cultures revealed that these toxic effects do not occur through remote allelopathy. Contact or close interactions between cells of the two species is most likely needed to impair the diatom growth. Ovatoxins are suspected to be the toxic metabolites secreted by O. cf. ovata although the current set of data did not give confirmation of this assumption. Interestingly, the exometabolome of L. paradoxa impaired the growth and the photochemistry of O. cf. ovata in both bioassays and co-cultures. Some biomarkers possibly involved for the effect were identified using a metabolomic approach and may correspond to oxylipins, however a bacterial source of the bioactive metabolites is also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ternon
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, OCA, IRD, Géoazur, 250 rue Albert Einstein, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Anne-Sophie Pavaux
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, OCA, IRD, Géoazur, 250 rue Albert Einstein, 06560 Valbonne, France; Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie-Curie Paris 6, INSU-CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 06234 Villefranche sur mer, France
| | - Sophie Marro
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie-Curie Paris 6, INSU-CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 06234 Villefranche sur mer, France
| | - Olivier P Thomas
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, OCA, IRD, Géoazur, 250 rue Albert Einstein, 06560 Valbonne, France; Marine Biodiscovery, School of Chemistry and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Rodolphe Lemée
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie-Curie Paris 6, INSU-CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, 06234 Villefranche sur mer, France
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Campos B, Colbourne JK. How omics technologies can enhance chemical safety regulation: perspectives from academia, government, and industry: The Perspectives column is a regular series designed to discuss and evaluate potentially competing viewpoints and research findings on current environmental issues. Environ Toxicol Chem 2018; 37:1252-1259. [PMID: 29697867 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Campos
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA, CSIC), Jordi Girona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John K Colbourne
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Kitchen SA, Bourdelais AJ, Taylor AR. Interaction of a dinoflagellate neurotoxin with voltage-activated ion channels in a marine diatom. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4533. [PMID: 29632739 PMCID: PMC5888156 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The potent neurotoxins produced by the harmful algal bloom species Karenia brevis are activators of sodium voltage-gated channels (VGC) in animals, resulting in altered channel kinetics and membrane hyperexcitability. Recent biophysical and genomic evidence supports widespread presence of homologous sodium (Na+) and calcium (Ca2+) permeable VGCs in unicellular algae, including marine phytoplankton. We therefore hypothesized that VGCs of these phytoplankton may be an allelopathic target for waterborne neurotoxins produced by K. brevis blooms that could lead to ion channel dysfunction and disruption of signaling in a similar manner to animal Na+ VGCs. Methods We examined the interaction of brevetoxin-3 (PbTx-3), a K. brevis neurotoxin, with the Na+/Ca2+ VGC of the non-toxic diatom Odontella sinensis using electrophysiology. Single electrode current- and voltage- clamp recordings from O. sinensis in the presence of PbTx-3 were used to examine the toxin’s effect on voltage gated Na+/Ca2+ currents. In silico analysis was used to identify the putative PbTx binding site in the diatoms. We identified Na+/Ca2+ VCG homologs from the transcriptomes and genomes of 12 diatoms, including three transcripts from O. sinensis and aligned them with site-5 of Na+ VGCs, previously identified as the PbTx binding site in animals. Results Up to 1 µM PbTx had no effect on diatom resting membrane potential or membrane excitability. The kinetics of fast inward Na+/Ca2+ currents that underlie diatom action potentials were also unaffected. However, the peak inward current was inhibited by 33%, delayed outward current was inhibited by 25%, and reversal potential of the currents shifted positive, indicating a change in permeability of the underlying channels. Sequence analysis showed a lack of conservation of the PbTx binding site in diatom VGC homologs, many of which share molecular features more similar to single-domain bacterial Na+/Ca2+ VGCs than the 4-domain eukaryote channels. Discussion Although membrane excitability and the kinetics of action potential currents were unaffected, the permeation of the channels underlying the diatom action potential was significantly altered in the presence of PbTx-3. However, at environmentally relevant concentrations the effects of PbTx- on diatom voltage activated currents and interference of cell signaling through this pathway may be limited. The relative insensitivity of phytoplankton VGCs may be due to divergence of site-5 (the putative PbTx binding site), and in some cases, such as O. sinensis, resistance to toxin effects may be because of evolutionary loss of the 4-domain eukaryote channel, while retaining a single domain bacterial-like VGC that can substitute in the generation of fast action potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila A Kitchen
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States of America
| | - Andrea J Bourdelais
- Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States of America
| | - Alison R Taylor
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, United States of America
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