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Cherepanov DA, Kurashov V, Gostev FE, Shelaev IV, Zabelin AA, Shen G, Mamedov MD, Aybush A, Shkuropatov AY, Nadtochenko VA, Bryant DA, Golbeck JH, Semenov AY. Femtosecond optical studies of the primary charge separation reactions in far-red photosystem II from Synechococcus sp. PCC 7335. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1865:149044. [PMID: 38588942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Primary processes of light energy conversion by Photosystem II (PSII) were studied using femtosecond broadband pump-probe absorption difference spectroscopy. Transient absorption changes of core complexes isolated from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7335 grown under far-red light (FRL-PSII) were compared with the canonical Chl a containing spinach PSII core complexes upon excitation into the red edge of the Qy band. Absorption changes of FRL-PSII were monitored at 278 K in the 400-800 nm spectral range on a timescale of 0.1-500 ps upon selective excitation at 740 nm of four chlorophyll (Chl) f molecules in the light harvesting antenna, or of one Chl d molecule at the ChlD1 position in the reaction center (RC) upon pumping at 710 nm. Numerical analysis of absorption changes and assessment of the energy levels of the presumed ion-radical states made it possible to identify PD1+ChlD1- as the predominant primary charge-separated radical pair, the formation of which upon selective excitation of Chl d has an apparent time of ∼1.6 ps. Electron transfer to the secondary acceptor pheophytin PheoD1 has an apparent time of ∼7 ps with a variety of excitation wavelengths. The energy redistribution between Chl a and Chl f in the antenna occurs within 1 ps, whereas the energy migration from Chl f to the RC occurs mostly with lifetimes of 60 and 400 ps. Potentiometric analysis suggests that in canonical PSII, PD1+ChlD1- can be partially formed from the excited (PD1ChlD1)* state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Cherepanov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st., 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1, building 40, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vasily Kurashov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA
| | - Fedor E Gostev
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st., 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V Shelaev
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st., 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Zabelin
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Gaozhong Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA
| | - Mahir D Mamedov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1, building 40, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arseny Aybush
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st., 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoly Ya Shkuropatov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Victor A Nadtochenko
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st., 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Donald A Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA
| | - John H Golbeck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA; Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, USA
| | - Alexey Yu Semenov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st., 4, 119991 Moscow, Russia; A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1, building 40, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
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Silori Y, Willow R, Nguyen HH, Shen G, Song Y, Gisriel CJ, Brudvig GW, Bryant DA, Ogilvie JP. Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy of the Far-Red-Light Photosystem II Reaction Center. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10300-10308. [PMID: 37943008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the role of specific pigments in primary energy conversion in the photosystem II (PSII) reaction center has been impeded by the spectral overlap of its constituent pigments. When grown in far-red light, some cyanobacteria incorporate chlorophyll-f and chlorophyll-d into PSII, relieving the spectral congestion. We employ two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy to study PSII at 77 K from Synechococcus sp. PCC 7335 cells that were grown in far-red light (FRL-PSII). We observe the formation of a radical pair within ∼3 ps that we assign to ChlD1•-PD1•+. While PheoD1 is thought to act as the primary electron acceptor in PSII from cells grown in visible light, we see no evidence of its involvement, which we attribute to its reduction by dithionite treatment in our samples. Our work demonstrates that primary charge separation occurs between ChlD1 and PD1 in FRL-PSII, suggesting that PD1/PD2 may play an underappreciated role in PSII's charge separation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Silori
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Rhiannon Willow
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hoang H Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Gaozhong Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yin Song
- School of Optics and Photonics, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Christopher J Gisriel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Donald A Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Jennifer P Ogilvie
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, University of Michigan, 450 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Veena M, Sameena PP, Sarath NG, Noble L, Aswathi KPR, Amritha MS, Johnson R, Joel JM, Anjitha KS, Hou HJM, Puthur JT. Revelations on photosystem II, thermoluminescence, and artificial photosynthesis: a retrospective of Govindjee from fundamentals to applications. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:1225-1238. [PMID: 38024954 PMCID: PMC10678879 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis, as one of the most important chemical reactions, has powered our planet for over four billion years on a massive scale. This review summarizes and highlights the major contributions of Govindjee from fundamentals to applications in photosynthesis. His research included primary photochemistry measurements, in the picosecond time scale, in both Photosystem I and II and electron transport leading to NADP reduction, using two light reactions. He was the first to suggest the existence of P680, the reaction center of PSII, and to prove that it was not an artefact of Chlorophyll a fluorescence. For most photobiologists, Govindjee is best known for successfully exploiting Chlorophyll a fluorescence to understand the various steps in photosynthesis as well as to predict plant productivity. His contribution in resolving the controversy on minimum number of quanta in favor of 8-12 vs 3-4, needed for the evolution of one molecule of oxygen, is a milestone in the area of photosynthesis research. Furthermore, together with Don DeVault, he is the first to provide the correct theory of thermoluminescence in photosynthetic systems. His research productivity is very high: ~ 600 published articles and total citations above 27,000 with an h-index of 82. He is a recipient of numerous awards and honors including a 2022: Lifetime Achievement Award of the International Society of Photosynthesis Research. We hope that the retrospective of Govindjee described in this work will inspire and stimulate the readers to continue probing the photosynthetic apparatuses with new discoveries and breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Veena
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C. U. Campus, P.O. Malappuram, Kerala 673635 India
| | - P. P. Sameena
- Department of Botany, PSMO College, Tirurangadi, Malappuram, Kerala 676 306 India
| | - Nair G. Sarath
- Department of Botany, Mar Athanasius College, Kothamangalam College, P.O., Kothamangalam, Kerala 686 666 India
| | - Louis Noble
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C. U. Campus, P.O. Malappuram, Kerala 673635 India
| | - K. P. Raj Aswathi
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C. U. Campus, P.O. Malappuram, Kerala 673635 India
| | - M. S. Amritha
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C. U. Campus, P.O. Malappuram, Kerala 673635 India
| | - Riya Johnson
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C. U. Campus, P.O. Malappuram, Kerala 673635 India
| | - Joy M. Joel
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C. U. Campus, P.O. Malappuram, Kerala 673635 India
| | - K. S. Anjitha
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C. U. Campus, P.O. Malappuram, Kerala 673635 India
| | - Harvey J. M. Hou
- Laboratory of Forensic Analysis and Photosynthesis, Department of Physical and Forensic Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104 USA
| | - Jos T. Puthur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C. U. Campus, P.O. Malappuram, Kerala 673635 India
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Shevela D, Kern JF, Govindjee G, Messinger J. Solar energy conversion by photosystem II: principles and structures. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 156:279-307. [PMID: 36826741 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic water oxidation by Photosystem II (PSII) is a fascinating process because it sustains life on Earth and serves as a blue print for scalable synthetic catalysts required for renewable energy applications. The biophysical, computational, and structural description of this process, which started more than 50 years ago, has made tremendous progress over the past two decades, with its high-resolution crystal structures being available not only of the dark-stable state of PSII, but of all the semi-stable reaction intermediates and even some transient states. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on PSII with emphasis on the basic principles that govern the conversion of light energy to chemical energy in PSII, as well as on the illustration of the molecular structures that enable these reactions. The important remaining questions regarding the mechanism of biological water oxidation are highlighted, and one possible pathway for this fundamental reaction is described at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Shevela
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jan F Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Jajoo A, Subramanyam R, Garab G, Allakhverdiev SI. Honoring two stalwarts of photosynthesis research: Eva-Mari Aro and Govindjee. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023:10.1007/s11120-022-00988-7. [PMID: 36847891 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00988-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
On behalf of the entire photosynthesis community, it is an honor, for us, to write about two very eminent scientists who were recently recognised with a Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Society of Photosynthesis Research (ISPR) on August 5, 2022; this prestigious Award was given during the closing ceremony of the 18th International Congress on Photosynthesis Research in Dunedin, New Zealand. The awardees were: Professor Eva-Mari Aro (Finland) and Professor Emeritus Govindjee Govindjee (USA). One of the authors, Anjana Jajoo, is especially delighted to be a part of this tribute to professors Aro and Govindjee as she was lucky enough to have worked with both of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Jajoo
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, 452001, India.
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046, India
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia.
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Vasilieva LG, Kaminskaya OP, Yakovlev AG, Shkuropatov AY, Semenov AY, Nadtochenko VA, Krasnovsky AA, Parson WW, Allakhverdiev SI, Govindjee G. In memory of Vladimir Anatolievich Shuvalov (1943-2022): an outstanding biophysicist. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 154:207-223. [PMID: 36070062 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present here a tribute to one of the foremost biophysicists of our time, Vladimir Anatolievich Shuvalov, who made important contributions in bioenergetics, especially on the primary steps of conversion of light energy into charge-separated states in both anoxygenic and oxygenic photosynthesis. For this, he and his research team exploited pico- and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, photodichroism & circular dichroism spectroscopy, light-induced FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared) spectroscopy, and hole-burning spectroscopy. We remember him for his outstanding leadership and for being a wonderful mentor to many scientists in this area. Reminiscences by many [Suleyman Allakhverdiev (Russia); Robert Blankenship (USA); Richard Cogdell (UK); Arvi Freiberg (Estonia); Govindjee Govindjee (USA); Alexander Krasnovsky, jr, (Russia); William Parson (USA); Andrei Razjivin (Russia); Jian- Ren Shen (Japan); Sergei Shuvalov (Russia); Lyudmilla Vasilieva (Russia); and Andrei Yakovlev (Russia)] have included not only his wonderful personal character, but his outstanding scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila G Vasilieva
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino Moscow Region, Pushchino, Russian Federation
| | - Olga P Kaminskaya
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino Moscow Region, Pushchino, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei G Yakovlev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Anatoliy Ya Shkuropatov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino Moscow Region, Pushchino, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Yu Semenov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Victor A Nadtochenko
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina St. 4, Moscow, 117977, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A Krasnovsky
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - William W Parson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino Moscow Region, Pushchino, Russian Federation.
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology and Center of Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 289 Morrill Hall, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Kim YJ, Hong H, Yun J, Kim SI, Jung HY, Ryu W. Photosynthetic Nanomaterial Hybrids for Bioelectricity and Renewable Energy Systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005919. [PMID: 33236450 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Harvesting solar energy in the form of electricity from the photosynthesis of plants, algal cells, and bacteria has been researched as the most environment-friendly renewable energy technology in the last decade. The primary challenge has been the engineering of electrochemical interfacing with photosynthetic apparatuses, organelles, or whole cells. However, with the aid of low-dimensional nanomaterials, there have been many advances, including enhanced photon absorption, increased generation of photosynthetic electrons (PEs), and more efficient transfer of PEs to electrodes. These advances have demonstrated the possibility for the technology to advance to a new level. In this article, the fundamentals of photosynthesis are introduced. How PE harvesting systems have improved concerning solar energy absorption, PE production, and PE collection by electrodes is discussed. The review focuses on how different kinds of nanomaterials are applied and function in interfacing with photosynthetic materials for enhanced PE harvesting. Finally, the review analyzes how the performance of PE harvesting and stand-alone systems have evolved so far and its future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Jae Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyeonaug Hong
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - JaeHyoung Yun
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Seon Il Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ho Yun Jung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - WonHyoung Ryu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
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Govindjee G, Shen YK, Zhu XG, Mi H, Ogawa T. Honoring Bacon Ke at 100: a legend among the many luminaries and a highly collaborative scientist in photosynthesis research. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 147:243-252. [PMID: 33582974 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bacon Ke, who did pioneering research on the primary photochemistry of photosynthesis, was born in China on July 26, 1920, and currently, he is living in a senior home in San Francisco, California, and is a centenarian. To us, this is a very happy and unique occasion to honor him. After providing a brief account of his life, and a glimpse of his research in photosynthesis, we present here "messages" for Bacon Ke@ 100 from: Robert Alfano (USA), Charles Arntzen (USA), Sandor Demeter (Hungary), Richard A. Dilley (USA), John Golbeck (USA), Isamu Ikegami (Japan), Ting-Yun Kuang (China), Richard Malkin (USA), Hualing Mi (China), Teruo Ogawa (Japan), Yasusi Yamamoto (Japan), and Xin-Guang Zhu (China).
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and the Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Yun-Kang Shen
- National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hualing Mi
- National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Teruo Ogawa
- , Kamisaginomiya 3-17-11, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 165-0031, Japan
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Gelzinis A, Augulis R, Butkus V, Robert B, Valkunas L. Two-dimensional spectroscopy for non-specialists. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1860:271-285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Govindjee. A sixty-year tryst with photosynthesis and related processes: an informal personal perspective. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 139:15-43. [PMID: 30343396 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0590-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
After briefly describing my early collaborative work at the University of Allahabad, that had laid the foundation of my research life, I present here some of our research on photosynthesis at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, randomly selected from light absorption to NADP+ reduction in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. These include the fact that (i) both the light reactions I and II are powered by light absorbed by chlorophyll (Chl) a of different spectral forms; (ii) light emission (fluorescence, delayed fluorescence, and thermoluminescence) by plants, algae, and cyanobacteria provides detailed information on these reactions and beyond; (iii) primary photochemistry in both the photosystems I (PS I) and II (PS II) occurs within a few picoseconds; and (iv) most importantly, bicarbonate plays a unique role on the electron acceptor side of PS II, specifically at the two-electron gate of PS II. Currently, the ongoing research around the world is, and should be, directed towards making photosynthesis better able to deal with the global issues (such as increasing population, dwindling resources, and rising temperature) particularly through genetic modification. However, basic research is necessary to continue to provide us with an understanding of the molecular mechanism of the process and to guide us in reaching our goals of increasing food production and other chemicals we need for our lives.
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Xiang R, Shi J, Zhang H, Dong C, Liu L, Fu J, He X, Yan Y, Wu Z. Chlorophyll a fluorescence and transcriptome reveal the toxicological effects of bisphenol A on an invasive cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 200:188-196. [PMID: 29775926 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A has attracted worldwide attention due to its harmful effects on humans, animals and plants. In this study, the toxicological effects of BPA on Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii were assessed based on chlorophyll a fluorescence and transcriptome analyses. The results showed that the growth of C. raciborskii was significantly inhibited when BPA exceeded 0.1 mg L-1. A marked rise of phase J was observed at a concentration greater than 0.1 mg L-1, while a K phase appeared at 20 mg L-1. The chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters of RC/CS0, F0, φP0, φE0, and ψ0, underwent a significant decline under all treatments of BPA, whereas a significant increase in both VJ and M0 occurred under all concentrations of BPA. Additionally, ABS/RC and DIo/RC markedly increased at 10 mg L-1 and 20 mg L-1. The transcriptome analysis revealed that the genes of photosynthesis, including psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, apcA, apcB, cpcA, and cpcB, as well as those of chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis, namely hemN, acsF, chlL, chlN, chlP, crtB, pds, were all down-regulated. Moreover, BPA also inhibited the oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, citrate cycle (TCA cycle), and fatty acid metabolism in C. raciborskii. Taken together, these results suggest BPA can negatively affect the expression of multiple genes and the vital energy metabolism process to arrest the growth and photosynthesis of C. raciborskii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Junqiong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Congcong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - JunKe Fu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Xinyu He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yanjun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Zhongxing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region (Ministry of Education), Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Ecology and Resources Research in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, School of Life Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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Shevela D, Björn LO. Evolution of the Z-scheme of photosynthesis: a perspective. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2017; 133:5-15. [PMID: 28160125 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-016-0333-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The concept of the Z-scheme of oxygenic photosynthesis is in all the textbooks. However, its evolution is not. We focus here mainly on some of the history of its biophysical aspects. We have arbitrarily divided here the 1941-2016 period into three sub-periods: (a) Origin of the concept of two light reactions: first hinted at, in 1941, by James Franck and Karl Herzfeld; described and explained, in 1945, by Eugene Rabinowitch; and a clear hypothesis, given in 1956 by Rabinowitch, of the then available cytochrome experiments: one light oxidizing it and another reducing it; (b) Experimental discovery of the two light reactions and two pigment systems and the Z-scheme of photosynthesis: Robert Emerson's discovery, in 1957, of enhancement in photosynthesis when two light beams (one in the far-red region, and the other of shorter wavelengths) are given together than when given separately; and the 1960 scheme of Robin Hill & Fay Bendall; and
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy Shevela
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Olof Björn
- Department of Biology, Molecular Cell Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, 22362, Lund, Sweden
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Polizzi NF, Eibling MJ, Perez-Aguilar JM, Rawson J, Lanci CJ, Fry HC, Beratan DN, Saven JG, Therien MJ. Photoinduced Electron Transfer Elicits a Change in the Static Dielectric Constant of a de Novo Designed Protein. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:2130-3. [PMID: 26840013 PMCID: PMC5049705 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We provide a direct measure of the change in effective dielectric constant (ε(S)) within a protein matrix after a photoinduced electron transfer (ET) reaction. A linked donor-bridge-acceptor molecule, PZn-Ph-NDI, consisting of a (porphinato)Zn donor (PZn), a phenyl bridge (Ph), and a naphthalene diimide acceptor (NDI), is shown to be a "meter" to indicate protein dielectric environment. We calibrated PZn-Ph-NDI ET dynamics as a function of solvent dielectric, and computationally de novo designed a protein SCPZnI3 to bind PZn-Ph-NDI in its interior. Mapping the protein ET dynamics onto the calibrated ET catalogue shows that SCPZnI3 undergoes a switch in the effective dielectric constant following photoinduced ET, from ε(S) ≈ 8 to ε(S) ≈ 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas F. Polizzi
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Matthew J. Eibling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Jose Manuel Perez-Aguilar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Jeff Rawson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Christopher J. Lanci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - H. Christopher Fry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - David N. Beratan
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jeffery G. Saven
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Michael J. Therien
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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Mamedov M, Nadtochenko V, Semenov A. Primary electron transfer processes in photosynthetic reaction centers from oxygenic organisms. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2015; 125:51-63. [PMID: 25648636 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-015-0088-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This minireview is written in honor of Vladimir A. Shuvalov, a pioneer in the area of primary photochemistry of both oxygenic and anoxygenic photosyntheses (See a News Report: Allakhverdiev et al. 2014). In the present paper, we describe the current state of the formation of the primary and secondary ion-radical pairs within photosystems (PS) II and I in oxygenic organisms. Spectral-kinetic studies of primary events in PS II and PS I, upon excitation by ~20 fs laser pulses, are now available and reviewed here; for PS II, excitation was centered at 710 nm, and for PS I, it was at 720 nm. In PS I, conditions were chosen to maximally increase the relative contribution of the direct excitation of the reaction center (RC) in order to separate the kinetics of the primary steps of charge separation in the RC from that of the excitation energy transfer in the antenna. Our results suggest that the sequence of the primary electron transfer reactions is P680 → ChlD1 → PheD1 → QA (PS II) and P700 → A 0A/A 0B → A 1A/A 1B (PS I). However, alternate routes of charge separation in PS II, under different excitation conditions, are not ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahir Mamedov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia,
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Allakhverdiev SI, Tomo T. International conference on "Photosynthesis Research for Sustainability-2014: in honor of Vladimir A. Shuvalov", held on June 2-7, 2014, in Pushchino, Russia. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2014; 122:337-347. [PMID: 25214184 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-014-0032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we provide a News Report on an international conference "Photosynthesis Research for Sustainability-2014" that was held in honor of Vladimir A. Shuvalov at the Biological Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in Pushchino, Russia, during June 2-7, 2014 (http://photosynthesis2014.cellreg.org/). We begin this report with a short description of Vladimir A. Shuvalov, the honored scientist. We then provide some information on the conference, and the program. A special feature of this conference was awards given to nine young investigators; they are recognized in this Report. We have also included several photographs to show the pleasant ambiance at this conference. We invite the readers to the next two conferences on ''Photosynthesis Research for Sustainability-2015: the first one to be held in Baku in May or June, 2015, and the second one, which will honor George C. Papageorgiou, will be held in Greece (in Colymbari, near Chania in Crete) during September 21-26, 2015. Information will be posted at: http://photosynthesis2015.cellreg.org/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia,
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Nadtochenko VA, Semenov AY, Shuvalov VA. Formation and decay of P680 (P(D1)-P(D2))⁺PheoD1⁻ radical ion pair in photosystem II core complexes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:1384-8. [PMID: 24513193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Under physiological conditions (278 K) femtosecond pump-probe laser spectroscopy with 20-fs time resolution was applied to study primary charge separation in spinach photosystem II (PSII) core complexes excited at 710 nm. It was shown that initial formation of anion radical band of pheophytin molecule (Pheo⁻) at 460 nm is observed with rise time of ~11ps. The kinetics of the observed rise was ascribed to charge separation between Chl (chlorophyll a) dimer, primary electron donor in PSII (P680*) and Pheo located in D1 protein subunit (PheoD1) absorbing at 420 nm, 545 nm and 680 nm with formation of the ion-radical pair P680⁺PheoDI⁻. The subsequent electron transfer from Pheo(D1)⁻ to primary plastoquinone electron acceptor (Q(A)) was accompanied by relaxation of the 460-nm band and occurred within ~250 ps in good agreement with previous measurements in Photosystem II-enriched particles and bacterial reaction centers. The subtraction of the P680⁺ spectrum measured at 455 ps delay from the spectra at 23 ps or 44 ps delay reveals the spectrum of Pheo(DI)⁻, which is very similar to that measured earlier by accumulation method. The spectrum of Pheo(DI)⁻ formation includes a bleaching (or red shift) of the 670 nm band indicating that Chl-670 is close to Pheo(D1). According to previous measurements in the femtosecond-picosecond time range this Chl-670 was ascribed to Chl(D1) [Shelaev, Gostev, Vishnev, Shkuropatov, Ptushenko, Mamedov, Sarkisov, Nadtochenko, Semenov and Shuvalov, J. Photochemistry and Photobiology, B: Biology 104 (2011) 45-50]. Stimulated emission at 685 nm was found to have two decaying components with time constants of ~1ps and ~14ps. These components appear to reflect formation of P680⁺Chl(D1)⁻ and P680⁺Pheo(D1)⁻, respectively, as found earlier. This article is part of a special issue entitled: photosynthesis research for sustainability: keys to produce clean energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Nadtochenko
- NN Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Yu Semenov
- NN Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - V A Shuvalov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.
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Hou HJM. Unidirectional photodamage of pheophytin in photosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 4:554. [PMID: 24454319 PMCID: PMC3888939 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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Ostroumov EE, Khan YR, Scholes GD, Govindjee. Photophysics of Photosynthetic Pigment-Protein Complexes. ADVANCES IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND RESPIRATION 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-9032-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Eaton-Rye JJ. Govindjee at 80: more than 50 years of free energy for photosynthesis. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2013; 116:111-44. [PMID: 24113923 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-013-9921-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We provide here a glimpse of Govindjee and his pioneering contributions on the two light reactions and the two pigment systems, particularly on the water-plastoquinone oxido-reductase, Photosystem II. His focus has been on excitation energy transfer; primary photochemistry, and the role of bicarbonate in electron and proton transfer. His major tools have been kinetics and spectroscopy (absorption and fluorescence), and he has provided an understanding of both thermoluminescence and delayed light emission in plants and algae. He pioneered the use of lifetime of fluorescence measurements to study the phenomenon of photoprotection in plants and algae. He, however, is both a generalist and a specialist all at the same time. He communicates very effectively his passion for photosynthesis to the novice as well as professionals. He has been a prolific author, outstanding lecturer and an editor par excellence. He is the founder not only of the Historical Corner of Photosynthesis Research, but of the highly valued Series Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration Including Bioenergy and Related Processes. He reaches out to young people by distributing Z-scheme posters, presenting Awards of books, and through tri-annual articles on "Photosynthesis Web Resources". At home, at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, he has established student Awards for Excellence in Biological Sciences. On behalf of all his former graduate students and associates, I wish him a Happy 80th birthday. I have included here several tributes to Govindjee by his well-wishers. These write-ups express the high regard the photosynthesis community holds for "Gov" and illuminate the different facets of his life and associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian J Eaton-Rye
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand,
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Jankowiak R, Reppert M, Zazubovich V, Pieper J, Reinot T. Site Selective and Single Complex Laser-Based Spectroscopies: A Window on Excited State Electronic Structure, Excitation Energy Transfer, and Electron–Phonon Coupling of Selected Photosynthetic Complexes. Chem Rev 2011; 111:4546-98. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100234j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Jankowiak
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Mike Reppert
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Valter Zazubovich
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal H4B1R6 Quebec, Canada
| | - Jörg Pieper
- Max-Volmer-Laboratories for Biophysical Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, Riia 142, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tonu Reinot
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
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Trissl HW, Gao Y, Wulf K. Theoretical fluorescence induction curves derived from coupled differential equations describing the primary photochemistry of photosystem II by an exciton-radical pair equilibrium. Biophys J 2010; 64:974-88. [PMID: 19431889 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(93)81463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence induction curves were calculated from a molecular model for the primary photophysical and photochemical processes of photosystem II that includes reversible exciton trapping by open (PHQ(A)) and closed (PHQ(-) (A)) reaction centers (RCs), charge stabilization as well as quenching by oxidized (P(+)HQ((-)) (A)) RCs. For the limiting case of perfectly connected photosynthetic units ("lake model") and thermal equilibrium between the primary radical pair (P(+)H(-)) and the excited singlet state, the primary reactions can be mathematically formulated by a set of coupled ordinary differential equations (ODE). These were numerically solved for weak flashes in a recursive way to simulate experiments with continuous illumination. Using recently published values for the molecular rate constants, this procedure yielded the time dependence of closed RCs as well as of the fluorescence yield (= fluorescence induction curves). The theoretical curves displayed the same sigmoidal shapes as experimental fluorescence induction curves. From the time development of closed RCs and the fluorescence yield, it was possible to check currently assumed proportionalities between the fraction of closed RCs and either (a) the variable fluorescence, (b) the complementary area above the fluorescence induction curve, or (c) the complementary area normalized to the variable fluorescence. By changing selected molecular rate constants, it is shown that, in contrast to current beliefs, none of these correlations obeys simple laws. The time dependence of these quantities is strongly nonexponential. In the presence of substances that quench the excited state, the model predicts straight lines in Stern-Volmer plots. We further conclude that it is impossible to estimate the degree of physical interunit energy transfer from the sigmoidicity of the fluorescence induction curve or from the curvature of the variable fluorescence plotted versus the fraction of closed RCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Trissl
- Abt. Biophysik, Fachbereich Biologie/Chemie, Universität Osnabrück, D-4500 Osnabrück, Germany
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Roelofs TA, Lee CH, Holzwarth AR. Global target analysis of picosecond chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics from pea chloroplasts: A new approach to the characterization of the primary processes in photosystem II alpha- and beta-units. Biophys J 2010; 61:1147-63. [PMID: 19431828 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(92)81924-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have used the method of target analysis to analyze the ps fluorescence kinetics of pea chloroplasts with open (F(0)) and closed (F(max)) photosystem II (PS II) centers. Extending the exciton/radical pair equilibrium model (Schatz, G. H., H. Brock, and A. R. Holzwarth. 1988. Biophys. J. 54:397-405) to allow for PS II heterogeneity, we show that two types of PS II (labeled alpha and beta) must be accounted for, each pool being characterized by its own set of molecular rate constants within the model. Simultaneous global target analysis of the data at F(0) and F(max) results in a detailed description of the molecular kinetics and energetics of the primary processes in both types of PS II units. This characterization revealed that the PS IIalpha pool accounts for twice as many Chl molecules as PS IIbeta, which suggests a PSIIalpha/PSIIbeta reaction center stoichiometry of close to unity. By extrapolation it is shown that the primary charge separation in hypothetical "isolated" beta reaction centers is slower than in isolated alpha reaction centers: in open centers by a factor of 4 (1/k(1) (int) = 11 vs 2.9 ps), in closed centers by a factor of 2 (1/k(1) (int) = 34 vs 19 ps). Despite this slower charge separation process in PS IIbeta, the quantum efficiency of the charge separation process is hardly affected: a charge stabilization yield at F(0), (i.e., P(+)IQ(A) (-)) of 86% (as compared to 90% in PS IIalpha). Reduction of Q(A) (closing PS II) has distinctly different effects on the primary kinetics of PS IIbeta, as compared to PS IIalpha. In PS IIalpha the charge separation rate drops by a factor of 6, whereas the charge recombination process is hardly affected. In PS IIbeta the charge separation is slowed down by a factor of 3, whereas the charge recombination rate increases by a factor of 5. In terms of changes in standard free energy, the reduction to Q(A) (-) lifts the free energy of the radical pair P(+)I(-), relative to the excited state (Chl(n)/P)(*), by 47 meV in PS IIalpha and by 67 meV in PS IIbeta. The concomitant increase in fluorescence quantum yield is the same for both types of PS II. These results show that PS IIalpha and PS IIbeta exhibit a different molecular functioning with respect to the primary processes, which might have its origin in a different molecular structure of the reaction centers and/or a different local environment of these centers. Location in different parts of the thylakoid membrane might be involved. We also applied different error analysis procedures to determine the error ranges of the values found for the molecular rate constants. It is shown that the commonly used standard error has very little meaning, as it assumes independence of the fit parameters. Instead, an exhaustive search procedure, accounting for all possible correlations between the fit parameters, gives a more realistic view on the accuracy of the fit parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Roelofs
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstr. 34-36, D-4330 Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
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Seibert M. Picosecond spectroscopy of the isolated reaction centers from the photosystems of oxygenic photosynthesis--ten years (1987-1997) of fun : a tribute to Michael R. Wasielewski on his 60th birthday. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2010; 103:1-6. [PMID: 19924560 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-009-9505-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2009] [Accepted: 10/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mike Wasielewski's pioneering work on Photosystem II photochemistry has an important place in the history of photosynthesis; we are proud to have been associated with him in making those first measurements. Here, we present our association and publications with him, and provide some of the history behind this research.
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Enami I, Shen JR. A brief introduction of Kimiyuki Satoh. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2008; 98:7-11. [PMID: 18690551 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-008-9338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this Special Issue of Photosynthesis Research (Structure, Function, and Dynamics of Photosystem II) in honor of Kimiyuki Satoh and Thomas J. Wydrzynski, we present here a brief introduction to the scientific career and achievements of Kimiyuki Satoh, a great scientist with numerous important contributions in photosynthesis research, especially in the field of photosystem II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isao Enami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
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Khatypov RA, Khmelnitskiy AY, Leonova MM, Vasilieva LG, Shuvalov VA. Primary light-energy conversion in tetrameric chlorophyll structure of photosystem II and bacterial reaction centers: I. A review. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2008; 98:81-93. [PMID: 18853274 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-008-9370-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2008] [Accepted: 09/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the review is to show that the tetrameric (bacterio)chlorophyll ((B)Chl) structures in reaction centers of photosystem II (PSII) of green plants and in bacterial reaction centers (BRCs) are similar and play a key role in the primary charge separation. The Stark effect measurements on PSII reaction centers have revealed an increased dipole moment for the transition at approximately 730 nm (Frese et al., Biochemistry 42:9205-9213, 2003). It was found (Heber and Shuvalov, Photosynth Res 84:84-91, 2005) that two fluorescent bands at 685 and 720 nm are observed in different organisms. These two forms are registered in the action spectrum of Q(A) photoreduction. Similar results were obtained in core complexes of PSII at low temperature (Hughes et al., Biochim Biophys Acta 1757: 841-851, 2006). In all cases the far-red absorption and emission can be interpreted as indication of the state with charge transfer character in which the chlorophyll monomer plays a role of an electron donor. The role of bacteriochlorophyll monomers (B(A) and B(B)) in BRCs can be revealed by different mutations of axial ligand for Mg central atoms. RCs with substitution of histidine L153 by tyrosine or leucine and of histidine M182 by leucine (double mutant) are not stable in isolated state. They were studied in antennaless membrane by different kinds of spectroscopy including one with femtosecond time resolution. It was found that the single mutation (L153HY) was accompanied by disappearance of B(A) molecule absorption near 802 nm and by 14-fold decrease of photochemical activity measured with ms time resolution. The lifetime of P(870)* increased up to approximately 200 ps in agreement with very low rate of the electron transfer to A-branch. In the double mutant L153HY + M182HL, the B(A) appears to be lost and B(B) is replaced by bacteriopheophytin Phi(B) with the absence of any absorption near 800 nm. Femtosecond measurements have revealed the electron transfer to B-branch with a time constant of approximately 2 ps. These results are discussed in terms of obligatory role of B(A) and Phi(B) molecules located near P for efficient electron transfer from P*.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravil A Khatypov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
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Bixon M, Jortner J. Electron Transfer-from Isolated Molecules to Biomolecules. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470141656.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Raval MK, Biswal B, Biswal UC. The mystery of oxygen evolution: analysis of structure and function of photosystem II, the water-plastoquinone oxido-reductase. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2005; 85:267-93. [PMID: 16170631 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-005-8163-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2004] [Accepted: 05/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PS II) of thylakoid membrane of photosynthetic organisms has drawn attention of researchers over the years because it is the only system on Earth that provides us with oxygen that we breathe. In the recent past, structure of PS II has been the focus of research in plant science. The report of X-ray crystallographic structure of PS II complex by the research groups of James Barber and So Iwata in UK is a milestone in the area of research in photosynthesis. It follows the pioneering and elegant work from the laboratories of Horst Witt and W. Saenger in Germany, and J. Shen in Japan. It is time to analyze the historic events during the long journey made by the researchers to arrive at this point. This review makes an attempt to critically review the growth of the advancement of concepts and knowledge on the photosystem in the background of technological development. We conclude the review with perspectives on research and technology that should reveal the complete story of PS II of thylakoid in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Raval
- P.G. Department of Chemistry, Government College, Sundargarh, Orissa, India.
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Riley K, Jankowiak R, Rätsep M, Small GJ, Zazubovich V. Evidence for Highly Dispersive Primary Charge Separation Kinetics and Gross Heterogeneity in the Isolated PS II Reaction Center of Green Plants. J Phys Chem B 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp049562l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Riley
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 142 Riia Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - R. Jankowiak
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 142 Riia Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - M. Rätsep
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 142 Riia Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - G. J. Small
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 142 Riia Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
| | - V. Zazubovich
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, and Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 142 Riia Street, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
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30
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Barber J. Engine of life and big bang of evolution: a personal perspective. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2004; 80:137-55. [PMID: 16328816 DOI: 10.1023/b:pres.0000030662.04618.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PS II) is the engine for essentially all life on our planet and its beginning 2.5 billion years ago was the 'big bang of evolution.' It produces reducing equivalents for making organic compounds on an enormous scale and at the same time provides us with an oxygenic atmosphere and protection against UV radiation (in the form of the ozone layer). In 1967, when I began my career in photosynthesis research, little was known about PS II. The Z-scheme had been formulated [Hill and Bendall (1960) Nature 186: 136-137] and Boardman and Anderson [(1964) Nature 203: 166-167] had isolated PS II as a discrete biochemical entity. PS II was known not only to be the source of oxygen but of variable chlorophyll fluorescence [Duysens and Sweers (1963) In: Studies on Microalgae and Photosynthetic Bacteria, pp. 353-372. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo] and delayed chlorophyll fluorescence [Arnold and Davidson (1954) J Gen Physiol 37: 677-684]. P680 had just been discovered [Döring et al. (1967) Z Naturforsch 22b: 639-644]. No wonder the 'black box of PS II' was described at that time by Bessel Kok and George Cheniae [Current Topics in Bioenergetics 1: 1-47 (1966)] as the 'inner sanctum of photosynthesis.' What a change in our level of understanding of PS II since then! The contributions of many talented scientists have unraveled the mechanisms and structural basis of PS II function and we are now very close to revealing the molecular details of the remarkable and thermodynamically demanding reaction which it catalyzes, namely the splitting of water into its elemental constituents. It has been a privilege to be involved in this journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Barber
- Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Biological Sciences, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College, London, SW7 2AZ, UK,
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31
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Krogmann D. Discoveries in oxygenic photosynthesis (1727-2003): a perspective. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2004; 80:15-57. [PMID: 16328809 DOI: 10.1023/b:pres.0000030443.63979.e6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We present historic discoveries and important observations, related to oxygenic photosynthesis, from 1727 to 2003. The decision to include certain discoveries while omitting others has been difficult. We are aware that ours is an incomplete timeline. In part, this is because the function of this list is to complement, not duplicate, the listing of discoveries in the other papers in these history issues of Photosynthesis Research. In addition, no one can know everything that is in the extensive literature in the field. Furthermore, any judgement about significance presupposes a point of view. This history begins with the observation of the English clergyman Stephen Hales (1677-1761) that plants derive nourishment from the air; it includes the definitive experiments in the 1960-1965 period establishing the two-photosystem and two-light reaction scheme of oxygenic photosynthesis; and includes the near-atomic resolution of the structures of the reaction centers of these two Photosystems, I and II, obtained in 2001-2002 by a team in Berlin, Germany, coordinated by Horst Witt and Wolfgang Saenger. Readers are directed to historical papers in Govindjee and Gest [(2002a) Photosynth Res 73: 1-308], in Govindjee, J. Thomas Beatty and Howard Gest [(2003a) Photosynth Res 76: 1-462], and to other papers in this issue for a more complete picture. Several photographs are provided here. Their selection is based partly on their availability to the authors (see Figures 1-15). Readers may view other photographs in Part 1 (Volume 73, Photosynth Res, 2002), Part 2 (Volume 76, Photosynth Res, 2003) and Part 3 (Volume 80 Photosynth Res, 2004) of the history issues of Photosynthesis Research. Photographs of most of the Nobel-laureates are included in Govindjee, Thomas Beatty and John Allen, this issue. For a complementary time line of anoxygenic photosynthesis, see H. Gest and R. Blankenship (this issue).
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32
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Zazubovich V, Jankowiak R, Riley K, Picorel R, Seibert M, Small GJ. How Fast Is Excitation Energy Transfer in the Photosystem II Reaction Center in the Low Temperature Limit? Hole Burning vs Photon Echo. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp022231t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Zazubovich
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - R. Jankowiak
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - K. Riley
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - R. Picorel
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Seibert
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G. J. Small
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401, and E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain
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33
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Jankowiak R, Rätsep M, Hayes J, Zazubovich V, Picorel R, Seibert M, Small GJ. Primary Charge-Separation Rate at 5 K in Isolated Photosystem II Reaction Centers Containing Five and Six Chlorophyll a Molecules. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp021787d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Jankowiak
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, E. E. Aula Dei (CSIC), Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - M. Rätsep
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, E. E. Aula Dei (CSIC), Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - J. Hayes
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, E. E. Aula Dei (CSIC), Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - V. Zazubovich
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, E. E. Aula Dei (CSIC), Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - R. Picorel
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, E. E. Aula Dei (CSIC), Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - M. Seibert
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, E. E. Aula Dei (CSIC), Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - G. J. Small
- Ames Laboratory, USDOE, and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, 51014 Tartu, Estonia, E. E. Aula Dei (CSIC), Apdo. 202, 50080 Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
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34
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Klimov VV. Discovery of pheophytin function in the photosynthetic energy conversion as the primary electron acceptor of Photosystem II. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2003; 76:247-53. [PMID: 16228584 DOI: 10.1023/a:1024990408747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This minireview describes the discovery of participation of pheophytin, a metal-free derivative of chlorophyll, in the early steps of photosynthetic solar energy conversion as the primary electron acceptor of Photosystem II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav V Klimov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region, 142290, Russia,
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35
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Adir N, Zer H, Shochat S, Ohad I. Photoinhibition - a historical perspective. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2003; 76:343-70. [PMID: 16228592 DOI: 10.1023/a:1024969518145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photoinhibition is a state of physiological stress that occurs in all oxygen evolving photosynthetic organisms exposed to light. The primary damage occurs within the reaction center of Photosystem II (PS II). While irreversible photoinduced damage to PS II occurs at all light intensities, the efficiency of photosynthetic electron transfer decreases markedly only when the rate of damage exceeds the rate of its repair, which requires de novo PS II protein synthesis. Photoinhibition has been studied for over a century using a large variety of biochemical, biophysical and genetic methodologies. The discovery of the light induced turnover of a protein, encoded by the plastid psbA gene (the D1 protein), later identified as one of the photochemical reaction center II proteins, has led to the elucidation of the underlying mechanism of photoinhibition and to a deeper understanding of the PS II 'life cycle.'
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Affiliation(s)
- Noam Adir
- Department of Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis, Science and Technology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel,
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36
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Seibert M, Wasielewski MR. The isolated Photosystem II reaction center: first attempts to directly measure the kinetics of primary charge separation. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2003; 76:263-8. [PMID: 16228586 DOI: 10.1023/a:1024986307839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Direct measurements of the intrinsic rate of primary charge separation in the isolated Photosystem II (PS II) reaction center complex had to await the availability of suitable, stabilized reaction center materials as well as sophisticated femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopic techniques. The events that led to the first direct measurements of the primary charge separation act in PS II and discussions of the results thereafter are chronicled in this brief historical review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Seibert
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO, 80401-3393, USA,
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37
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Zehetner A, Scheer H, Siffel P, Vacha F. Photosystem II reaction center with altered pigment-composition: reconstitution of a complex containing five chlorophyll a per two pheophytin a with modified chlorophylls. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2002; 1556:21-8. [PMID: 12351215 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(02)00282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pigment-depleted Photosystem II reaction centers (PS II-RCs) from a higher plant (pea) containing five chlorophyll a (Chl) per two pheophytin a (Phe), were treated with Chl and several derivatives under exchange conditions [FEBS Lett. 434 (1998) 88]. The resulting reconstituted complexes were compared to those obtained by pigment exchange of "conventional" PS II-RCs containing six Chl per two Phe. (1) The extraction of one Chl is fully reversible. (2) The site of extraction is the same as the one into which previously extraneous pigments have been exchanged, most likely the peripheral D1-H118. (3) Introducing an efficient quencher (Ni-Chl) into this site results in only 25% reduction of fluorescence, indicating incomplete energy equilibration among the "core" and peripheral chlorophylls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Zehetner
- Department Biologie I-Botanik, Universität München, Menzinger Str. 67, D-80638, Munich, Germany
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38
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Tetenkin V, Gulyaev B, Seibert M, Rubin A. Spectral properties of stabilized D1/D2/cytochrome b
-559 photosystem II reaction center complex Effects of Triton X-100, the redox state of pheophytin, and β-carotene. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)80776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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39
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Barbato R, Rigoni F, Giardi MT, Giacometti GM. The minor antenna complexes of an oxygen evolving photosystem II preparation: purification and stoichiometry. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)81445-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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40
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Gibasiewicz K, Dobek A, Breton J, Leibl W. Modulation of primary radical pair kinetics and energetics in photosystem II by the redox state of the quinone electron acceptor Q(A). Biophys J 2001; 80:1617-30. [PMID: 11259277 PMCID: PMC1301353 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(01)76134-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved photovoltage measurements on destacked photosystem II membranes from spinach with the primary quinone electron acceptor Q(A) either singly or doubly reduced have been performed to monitor the time evolution of the primary radical pair P680(+)Pheo(-). The maximum transient concentration of the primary radical pair is about five times larger and its decay is about seven times slower with doubly reduced compared with singly reduced Q(A). The possible biological significance of these differences is discussed. On the basis of a simple reversible reaction scheme, the measured apparent rate constants and relative amplitudes allow determination of sets of molecular rate constants and energetic parameters for primary reactions in the reaction centers with doubly reduced Q(A) as well as with oxidized or singly reduced Q(A). The standard free energy difference DeltaG degrees between the charge-separated state P680(+)Pheo(-) and the equilibrated excited state (Chl(N)P680)* was found to be similar when Q(A) was oxidized or doubly reduced before the flash (approximately -50 meV). In contrast, single reduction of Q(A) led to a large change in DeltaG degrees (approximately +40 meV), demonstrating the importance of electrostatic interaction between the charge on Q(A) and the primary radical pair, and providing direct evidence that the doubly reduced Q(A) is an electrically neutral species, i.e., is doubly protonated. A comparison of the molecular rate constants shows that the rate of charge recombination is much more sensitive to the change in DeltaG degrees than the rate of primary charge separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gibasiewicz
- Section de Bioénergétique, DBCM, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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41
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Prokhorenko VI, Holzwarth AR. Primary Processes and Structure of the Photosystem II Reaction Center: A Photon Echo Study,. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002323n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin I. Prokhorenko
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45413 Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alfred R. Holzwarth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45413 Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
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42
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Laisk A, Oja V. Alteration of photosystem II properties with non-photochemical excitation quenching. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2000; 355:1405-18. [PMID: 11127995 PMCID: PMC1692880 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2000.0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen yield from single turnover flashes and multiple turnover pulses was measured in sunflower leaves differently pre-illuminated to induce either 'energy-dependent type' non-photochemical excitation quenching (qE) or reversible, inhibitory type non-photochemical quenching (qI). A zirconium O2 analyser, combined with a flexible gas system, was used for these measurements. Oxygen yield from saturating single turnover flashes was the equivalent of 1.3-2.0 micromole(-) m(-2) in leaves pre-adapted to low light. It did not decrease when qE quenching was induced by a 1 min exposure to saturating light, but it decreased when pre-illumination was extended to 30-60 min. Oxygen evolution from saturating multiple turnover pulses behaved similarly: it did not decrease with the rapidly induced qE but decreased considerably when exposure to saturating light was extended or O2 concentration was decreased to 0.4%. Parallel recording of chlorophyll fluorescence and O2 evolution during multiple turnover pulses, interpreted with the help of a mathematical model of photosystem II (PS II) electron transport, revealed PS II donor and acceptor side resistances. These experiments showed that PS II properties depend on the type of non-photochemical quenching present. The rapidly induced and rapidly reversible qE type (photoprotective) quenching does not induce changes in the number of active PS II or in the PS II maximum turnover rate, thus confirming the antenna mechanism of qE. The more slowly induced but still reversible qE type quenching (photoinactivation) induced a decrease in the number of active PS II and in the maximum PS II turnover rate. Modelling showed that, mainly, the acceptor side resistance of PS II increased in parallel with the reversible qI.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Laisk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Estonia.
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43
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Johnston HG, Wang J, Ruffle SV, Sayre RT, Gustafson TL. Fluorescence Decay Kinetics of Wild Type and D2-H117N Mutant Photosystem II Reaction Centers Isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Phys Chem B 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/jp993556l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heather G. Johnston
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and Department of Plant Biology, The Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and Department of Plant Biology, The Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Stuart V. Ruffle
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and Department of Plant Biology, The Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Richard T. Sayre
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and Department of Plant Biology, The Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Terry L. Gustafson
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and Department of Plant Biology, The Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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44
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Jennings RC, Elli G, Garlaschi FM, Santabarbara S, Zucchelli G. Selective quenching of the fluorescence of core chlorophyll-protein complexes by photochemistry indicates that Photosystem II is partly diffusion limited. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2000; 66:225-33. [PMID: 16228421 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010618006889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The spectral characteristics of fluorescence quenching by open reaction centres in isolated Photosystem II membranes were determined with very high resolution and analysed. Quenching due to photochemistry is maximal near 687 nm, minimal in the chlorophyll b emission interval and displays a distinctive structure around 670 nm. The amplitude of this 'quenching hole' is about 0.03 for normalised spectra. On the basis of the absorption spectra of isolated chlorophyll-protein complexes, it is shown that these quenching structures can be exactly described by assuming that photochemistry lowers the fluorescence yield of the reaction centre complex (D1/D2/cytb (559)) plus CP47, with quenching of the former complex being approximately double that of the latter complex. These data, which qualitatively indicate that there are kinetically limiting processes for primary photochemistry in the antenna, have been analysed by means of several different kinetic models. These models are derived from present structural knowledge of the arrangement of the chlorophyll-protein complexes in Photosystem II and incorporate the reversible charge separation characteristic of the exciton/radical pair equilibration model. In this way it is shown that Photosystem II cannot be considered to be purely trap limited and that exciton migration in the antenna imposes a diffusion limitation of about 30%, irrespective of the structural model assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Jennings
- Centro CNR sulla Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare delle Piante, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Milano, via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy,
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45
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Jankowiak R, Rätsep M, Picorel R, Seibert M, Small GJ. Excited States of the 5-Chlorophyll Photosystem II Reaction Center. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9906738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Jankowiak
- Ames Laboratory−U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080-Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - M. Rätsep
- Ames Laboratory−U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080-Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - R. Picorel
- Ames Laboratory−U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080-Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - M. Seibert
- Ames Laboratory−U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080-Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
| | - G. J. Small
- Ames Laboratory−U.S. Department of Energy and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, E. E. Aula Dei, CSIC, Apdo. 202, 50080-Zaragoza, Spain, and National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401
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46
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Greenfield SR, Seibert M, Wasielewski MR. Time-Resolved Absorption Changes of the Pheophytin Qx Band in Isolated Photosystem II Reaction Centers at 7 K: Energy Transfer and Charge Separation. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp990962w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott R. Greenfield
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, Basic Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Michael Seibert
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, Basic Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, Basic Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado 80401-3393, Chemistry Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439-4831, and Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
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47
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Finzi L, Zucchelli G, Garlaschi FM, Jennings RC. Thermal sensitivity of the red absorption tail of the photosystem II reaction center complex. Biochemistry 1999; 38:10627-31. [PMID: 10451356 DOI: 10.1021/bi990568o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The red tail of the absorption spectrum of the D1-D2-cytb559 complex, defined as the absorption signal not described by the two Gaussian sub-bands associated with the intense electronic transitions at 680 and 683 nm, exhibits anomalous temperature behavior. This tail was analyzed in the temperature interval between 80 and 300 K in terms of the mean square deviation (sigma2) of the total Qy absorption band and by Gaussian sub-band decomposition. The value of the average optical reorganization energy (Snum) obtained from the temperature dependence of sigma2 for the whole absorption band was 32 cm(-1), and changed to 16-20 cm(-1) after subtraction of the sub-bands describing the red tail. This latter value is in agreement with the hole burning literature data for chlorophyll bound to proteins, and indicates that the rather high value for the apparent optical reorganization energy obtained by analysis of the total Qy band of the D1-D2-cytb559 complex is determined by the temperature sensitivity of the red tail. This suggests that the long wavelength absorption tail might be due to vibrational transitions associated with vibrational modes in the range of 80-150 cm(-1) which are thermally accessible and give rise to an absorption signal on the low-energy side of the (0,0) transition. On the basis of this assumption, the electron-phonon coupling strength (S) for these modes is estimated to be in the range 0.028-0.18. This interpretation furthermore supports the idea that the electronic transition near 683 nm is that of a monomer chlorophyll.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Finzi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Universita' degli Studi di Milano, Centro CNR Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare delle Piante, Italy
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Infrared spectroscopic identification of the C–O stretching vibration associated with the tyrosyl Z⋅ and D⋅ radicals in photosystem II2Supported by NIH GM 43272 (B.A.B.), NSF MCB 94-18164 (B.A.B.), a graduate minority supplement to NIH GM 43273 (I.A.), a graduate fellowship from Committee on Institutional Cooperation, University of Minnesota (I.A.), and a summer research fellowship from Dupont, Central Research and Development, administered through the University of Minnesota (E.T.G.).2. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(98)00133-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sun K, Mauzerall D. Fast Photoinduced Electron Transfer from Polyalkyl- to Polyfluoro-Metalloporphyrins in Lipid Bilayer Membranes. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9819543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021
| | - David Mauzerall
- The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021
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