1
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Stirbet A, Guo Y, Lazár D, Govindjee G. From leaf to multiscale models of photosynthesis: applications and challenges for crop improvement. Photosynth Res 2024:10.1007/s11120-024-01083-9. [PMID: 38619700 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
To keep up with the growth of human population and to circumvent deleterious effects of global climate change, it is essential to enhance crop yield to achieve higher production. Here we review mathematical models of oxygenic photosynthesis that are extensively used, and discuss in depth a subset that accounts for diverse approaches providing solutions to our objective. These include models (1) to study different ways to enhance photosynthesis, such as fine-tuning antenna size, photoprotection and electron transport; (2) to bioengineer carbon metabolism; and (3) to evaluate the interactions between the process of photosynthesis and the seasonal crop dynamics, or those that have included statistical whole-genome prediction methods to quantify the impact of photosynthesis traits on the improvement of crop yield. We conclude by emphasizing that the results obtained in these studies clearly demonstrate that mathematical modelling is a key tool to examine different approaches to improve photosynthesis for better productivity, while effective multiscale crop models, especially those that also include remote sensing data, are indispensable to verify different strategies to obtain maximized crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Dušan Lazár
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, Palacký Univesity, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, and the Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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2
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Govindjee G, Stirbet A, Lindsey JS, Scheer H. On the Pelletier and Caventou (1817, 1818) papers on chlorophyll and beyond. Photosynth Res 2024; 160:55-60. [PMID: 38488941 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01081-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The first use of the word 'chlorophyll' (chlorophile or chlorophyle in the French original) appeared in two papers by Pierre-Joseph Pelletier and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou, pharmacists in Paris who isolated and studied the green pigment from plants. Here, we provide English translations of their 1818 note and the slightly longer 1817 paper. Historical context is provided including a timeline of key discoveries in chlorophyll chemistry pertaining to photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Center of Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | | | - Jonathan S Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Hugo Scheer
- Department of Biology 1-Botany, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80638, Munich, Germany
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3
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Ye ZP, An T, Govindjee G, Robakowski P, Stirbet A, Yang XL, Hao XY, Kang HJ, Wang FB. Addressing the long-standing limitations of double exponential and non-rectangular hyperbolic models in quantifying light-response of electron transport rates in different photosynthetic organisms under various conditions. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1332875. [PMID: 38476692 PMCID: PMC10929714 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1332875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The models used to describe the light response of electron transport rate in photosynthesis play a crucial role in determining two key parameters i.e., the maximum electron transport rate (J max) and the saturation light intensity (I sat). However, not all models accurately fit J-I curves, and determine the values of J max and I sat. Here, three models, namely the double exponential (DE) model, the non-rectangular hyperbolic (NRH) model, and a mechanistic model developed by one of the coauthors (Z-P Ye) and his coworkers (referred to as the mechanistic model), were compared in terms of their ability to fit J-I curves and estimate J max and I sat. Here, we apply these three models to a series of previously collected Chl a fluorescence data from seven photosynthetic organisms, grown under different conditions. Our results show that the mechanistic model performed well in describing the J-I curves, regardless of whether photoinhibition/dynamic down-regulation of photosystem II (PSII) occurs. Moreover, both J max and I sat estimated by this model are in very good agreement with the measured data. On the contrary, although the DE model simulates quite well the J-I curve for the species studied, it significantly overestimates both the J max of Amaranthus hypochondriacus and the I sat of Microcystis aeruginosa grown under NH4 +-N supply. More importantly, the light intensity required to achieve the potential maximum of J (J s) estimated by this model exceeds the unexpected high value of 105 μmol photons m-2 s-1 for Triticum aestivum and A. hypochondriacus. The NRH model fails to characterize the J-I curves with dynamic down-regulation/photoinhibition for Abies alba, Oryza sativa and M. aeruginosa. In addition, this model also significantly overestimates the values of J max for T. aestivum at 21% O2 and A. hypochondriacus grown under normal condition, and significantly underestimates the values of J max for M. aeruginosa grown under NO3 -N supply. Our study provides evidence that the 'mechanistic model' is much more suitable than both the DE and NRH models in fitting the J-I curves and in estimating the photosynthetic parameters. This is a powerful tool for studying light harvesting properties and the dynamic down-regulation of PSII/photoinhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Piao Ye
- The Institute of Biophysics in College of Mathematics and Physics, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ting An
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, China
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Plant Biology, Biochemistry, and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Piotr Robakowski
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Xiao-Long Yang
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing-Yu Hao
- College of Agriculture/State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dry land Agriculture Jointly Built by the Shanxi Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Hua-Jing Kang
- Southern Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fu-Biao Wang
- The Institute of Biophysics in College of Mathematics and Physics, Jinggangshan University, Ji’an, Jiangxi, China
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4
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Anwar K, Joshi R, Bahuguna RN, Govindjee G, Sasidharan R, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Impact of individual, combined and sequential stress on photosynthesis machinery in rice (Oryza sativa L). Physiol Plant 2024; 176:e14209. [PMID: 38348703 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses such as heat, drought and submergence are major threats to global food security. Despite simultaneous or sequential occurrence of these stresses being recurrent under field conditions, crop response to such stress combinations is poorly understood. Rice is a staple food crop for the majority of human beings. Exploitation of existing genetic diversity in rice for combined and/or sequential stress is a useful approach for developing climate-resilient cultivars. We phenotyped ~400 rice accessions under high temperature, drought, or submergence and their combinations. A cumulative performance index revealed Lomello as the best performer across stress and stress combinations at the seedling stage. Lomello showed a remarkable ability to maintain a higher quantum yield of photosystem (PS) II photochemistry. Moreover, the structural integrity of the photosystems, electron flow through both PSI and PSII and the ability to protect photosystems against photoinhibition were identified as the key traits of Lomello across the stress environments. A higher membrane stability and an increased amount of leaf chlorophyll under stress may be due to an efficient management of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the cellular level. Further, an efficient electron flow through the photosystems and, thus, a higher photosynthetic rate in Lomello is expected to act as a sink for ROS by reducing the rate of electron transport to the high amount of molecular oxygen present in the chloroplast. However, further studies are needed to identify the molecular mechanism(s) involved in the stability of photosynthetic machinery and stress management in Lomello during stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Anwar
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajeev N Bahuguna
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Rashmi Sasidharan
- Plant Stress Resilience, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India
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5
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Biswal AK, Pattanayak GK, Ruhil K, Kandoi D, Mohanty SS, Leelavati S, Reddy VS, Govindjee G, Tripathy BC. Reduced expression of chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO) decreases the metabolic flux for chlorophyll synthesis and downregulates photosynthesis in tobacco plants. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2024; 30:1-16. [PMID: 38435853 PMCID: PMC10901765 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Chlorophyll b is synthesized from chlorophyllide a, catalyzed by chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO). To examine whether reduced chlorophyll b content regulates chlorophyll (Chl) synthesis and photosynthesis, we raised CAO transgenic tobacco plants with antisense CAO expression, which had lower chlorophyll b content and, thus, higher Chl a/b ratio. Further, these plants had (i) lower chlorophyll b and total Chl content, whether they were grown under low or high light; (ii) decreased steady-state levels of chlorophyll biosynthetic intermediates, due, perhaps, to a feedback-controlled reduction in enzyme expressions/activities; (iii) reduced electron transport rates in their intact leaves, and reduced Photosystem (PS) I, PS II and whole chain electron transport activities in their isolated thylakoids; (iv) decreased carbon assimilation in plants grown under low or high light. We suggest that reduced synthesis of chlorophyll b by antisense expression of CAO, acting at the end of Chl biosynthesis pathway, downregulates the chlorophyll b biosynthesis, resulting in decreased Chl b, total chlorophylls and increased Chl a/b. We have previously shown that the controlled up-regulation of chlorophyll b biosynthesis and decreased Chl a/b ratio by over expression of CAO enhance the rates of electron transport and CO2 assimilation in tobacco. Conversely, our data, presented here, demonstrate that-antisense expression of CAO in tobacco, which decreases Chl b biosynthesis and increases Chl a/b ratio, leads to reduced photosynthetic electron transport and carbon assimilation rates, both under low and high light. We conclude that Chl b modulates photosynthesis; its controlled down regulation/ up regulation decreases/ increases light-harvesting, rates of electron transport, and carbon assimilation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01395-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajaya K. Biswal
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Gopal K. Pattanayak
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Kamal Ruhil
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Deepika Kandoi
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
- Department of Life Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India
| | - Sushree S. Mohanty
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Sadhu Leelavati
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Vanga S. Reddy
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Baishnab C. Tripathy
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067 India
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP 201310 India
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6
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Breidenbach RW, Castelfranco AM, Castelfranco J, Govindjee G, Smith KM, Stemler A. Paul A. Castelfranco (1921-2021): a scientist par excellence, a man of lasting faith, and ever a humanist. Photosynth Res 2023; 157:147-157. [PMID: 37140874 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01017-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We present here the life and the work of Paul A. Castelfranco (1921-2021), a very special person who was not only a top chemist of chlorophyll biosynthesis, but also made major contributions on fatty acid oxidation, acetate metabolism and cellular organization. He led an extraordinary and exemplary life as a human being. We present here both his personal life as well as his scientific life, which is followed by reminiscences by William Breidenbach, Kevin Smith, Alan Stemler, Ann Castelfranco, and John Castelfranco. As the subtitle of this Tribute implies, till the end Paul was a scientist par excellence, an intellectual with unlimited curiosity, a humanist, and a man of enduring religious faith. We all miss him dearly.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Breidenbach
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ann M Castelfranco
- Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
| | | | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Kevin M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Alan Stemler
- Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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7
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Korres NE, Norsworthy JK, FitzSimons T, Roberts TL, Oosterhuis DM, Govindjee G. Author Correction: Evaluation of secondary sexual dimorphism of the dioecious Amaranthus palmeri under abiotic stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14155. [PMID: 37644080 PMCID: PMC10465607 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E Korres
- School of Agriculture, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakii, 47100, Arta, Greece.
| | - Jason K Norsworthy
- Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
| | | | - Trenton L Roberts
- Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
| | - Derrick M Oosterhuis
- Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Plant Biology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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8
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Korres NE, Norsworthy JK, FitzSimons T, Roberts TL, Oosterhuis DM, Govindjee G. Evaluation of secondary sexual dimorphism of the dioecious Amaranthus palmeri under abiotic stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13156. [PMID: 37573387 PMCID: PMC10423251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40453-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The evolution of secondary sex-specific traits of dioecious species under abiotic stress conditions has received limited research, especially in the case of Amaranthus palmeri, a fast adapting and highly competing plant. Here, we have examined the interactive effects of abiotic stress on mineral accumulation, chlorophyll a and b content, and the operating capacity of Photosystem II (PSII) in both male and female A. palmeri plants grown under three different intensities of white light, and under N, K or P deficiency. Mineral profiling of the leaves and stems (with inflorescence) highlighted intra- and intersexual differences in their accumulation pattern and mineral associations. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were different between the male and the female plants, being slightly lower in the latter, at high light intensity towards maturity, or under K or P deficiency. Further, slight, although statistically significant differences were recorded in the chlorophyll a/b ratio, which was lower at the higher light intensity in the female, over that in the male, plants towards maturity. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, i.e., steady state and maximum fluorescence increased under high light intensity, whereas the PSII operating efficiency decreased in the female plants, indicating reduced PSII capacity. Sex-specific differences in A. palmeri showed a differential response to stressful conditions because of differences in their ontogeny and physiology, and possibly due to the cost of reproduction. We suggest that the breeding system of dioecious species has weaknesses that can be used for the ecological management of dioecious weeds without relying on the use of herbicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E Korres
- School of Agriculture, Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Kostakii, 47100, Arta, Greece.
| | - Jason K Norsworthy
- Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
| | | | - Trenton L Roberts
- Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
| | - Derrick M Oosterhuis
- Crop Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Plant Biology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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9
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Shevela D, Kern JF, Govindjee G, Messinger J. Solar energy conversion by photosystem II: principles and structures. Photosynth Res 2023; 156:279-307. [PMID: 36826741 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00991-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic water oxidation by Photosystem II (PSII) is a fascinating process because it sustains life on Earth and serves as a blue print for scalable synthetic catalysts required for renewable energy applications. The biophysical, computational, and structural description of this process, which started more than 50 years ago, has made tremendous progress over the past two decades, with its high-resolution crystal structures being available not only of the dark-stable state of PSII, but of all the semi-stable reaction intermediates and even some transient states. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on PSII with emphasis on the basic principles that govern the conversion of light energy to chemical energy in PSII, as well as on the illustration of the molecular structures that enable these reactions. The important remaining questions regarding the mechanism of biological water oxidation are highlighted, and one possible pathway for this fundamental reaction is described at a molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Shevela
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jan F Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.
- Molecular Biomimetics, Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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10
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Xia Q, Tang H, Fu L, Tan J, Govindjee G, Guo Y. Determination of Fv / Fm from Chlorophyll a Fluorescence without Dark Adaptation by an LSSVM Model. Plant Phenomics 2023; 5:0034. [PMID: 37011261 PMCID: PMC10065787 DOI: 10.34133/plantphenomics.0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of photosynthetic quantum yield is important for analyzing the phenotype of plants. Chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) has been widely used to estimate plant photosynthesis and its regulatory mechanisms. The ratio of variable to maximum fluorescence, Fv /Fm , obtained from a ChlF induction curve, is commonly used to reflect the maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII), but it is measured after a sample is dark-adapted for a long time, which limits its practical use. In this research, a least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM) model was developed to explore whether Fv /Fm can be determined from ChlF induction curves measured without dark adaptation. A total of 7,231 samples of 8 different experiments, under diverse conditions, were used to train the LSSVM model. Model evaluation with different samples showed excellent performance in determining Fv /Fm from ChlF signals without dark adaptation. Computation time for each test sample was less than 4 ms. Further, the prediction performance of test dataset was found to be very desirable: a high correlation coefficient (0.762 to 0.974); a low root mean squared error (0.005 to 0.021); and a residual prediction deviation of 1.254 to 4.933. These results clearly demonstrate that Fv /Fm , the widely used ChlF induction feature, can be determined from measurements without dark adaptation of samples. This will not only save experiment time but also make Fv /Fm useful in real-time and field applications. This work provides a high-throughput method to determine the important photosynthetic feature through ChlF for phenotyping plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xia
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education,
Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education,
Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lijiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education,
Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jinglu Tan
- Department of Biomedical, Biological and Chemical Engineering,
University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Center of Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Department of Plant Biology,
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education,
Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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11
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Hou HJM, Najafpour MM, Allakhverdiev SI, Govindjee G. Editorial: Current challenges in photosynthesis: From natural to artificial, volume II. Front Plant Sci 2023; 13:1113693. [PMID: 36684774 PMCID: PMC9850143 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1113693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Harvey J. M. Hou
- Laboratory of Forensic Analysis and Photosynthesis, Department of Physical and Forensic Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, United States
| | - Mohammad M. Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Climate Change and Global Warming, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory, Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Plant Biology, and Center of Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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12
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Govindjee G, Peterson LF, Satoh K, Herbert S, de Kouchkovsky Y, Schreiber U, Murata N, Öquist G, Larkum AWD, Hiyama T, Berry JA. David (Dave) Charles Fork (1929-2020): a gentle human being, a great experimenter, and a passionate researcher. Photosynth Res 2023; 155:107-125. [PMID: 36302911 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We provide here an overview of the remarkable life and outstanding research of David (Dave) Charles Fork (March 4, 1929-December 13, 2021) in oxygenic photosynthesis. In the words of the late Jack Edgar Myers, he was a top 'photosynthetiker'. His research dealt with novel findings on light absorption, excitation energy distribution, and redistribution among the two photosystems, electron transfer, and their relation to dynamic membrane change as affected by environmental changes, especially temperature. David was an attentive listener and a creative designer of experiments and instruments, and he was also great fun to work with. He is remembered here by his family, coworkers, and friends from around the world including Australia, France, Germany, Japan, Sweden, Israel, and USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | | | - Kazuhiko Satoh
- Department of Life Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kohto, Kamigohri, Akogun, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan
| | | | - Yaroslav de Kouchkovsky
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 7 Rue A. Pécard, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Ulrich Schreiber
- Julius-von-Sachs Institut für Biowissenschaften, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs Platz 2, 97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Norio Murata
- National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Gunnar Öquist
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 90 187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anthony W D Larkum
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Tetsuo Hiyama
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saitama University, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Joseph A Berry
- Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama Street, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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Vasilieva LG, Kaminskaya OP, Yakovlev AG, Shkuropatov AY, Semenov AY, Nadtochenko VA, Krasnovsky AA, Parson WW, Allakhverdiev SI, Govindjee G. In memory of Vladimir Anatolievich Shuvalov (1943-2022): an outstanding biophysicist. Photosynth Res 2022; 154:207-223. [PMID: 36070062 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00932-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present here a tribute to one of the foremost biophysicists of our time, Vladimir Anatolievich Shuvalov, who made important contributions in bioenergetics, especially on the primary steps of conversion of light energy into charge-separated states in both anoxygenic and oxygenic photosynthesis. For this, he and his research team exploited pico- and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, photodichroism & circular dichroism spectroscopy, light-induced FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared) spectroscopy, and hole-burning spectroscopy. We remember him for his outstanding leadership and for being a wonderful mentor to many scientists in this area. Reminiscences by many [Suleyman Allakhverdiev (Russia); Robert Blankenship (USA); Richard Cogdell (UK); Arvi Freiberg (Estonia); Govindjee Govindjee (USA); Alexander Krasnovsky, jr, (Russia); William Parson (USA); Andrei Razjivin (Russia); Jian- Ren Shen (Japan); Sergei Shuvalov (Russia); Lyudmilla Vasilieva (Russia); and Andrei Yakovlev (Russia)] have included not only his wonderful personal character, but his outstanding scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila G Vasilieva
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino Moscow Region, Pushchino, Russian Federation
| | - Olga P Kaminskaya
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino Moscow Region, Pushchino, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei G Yakovlev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Anatoliy Ya Shkuropatov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino Moscow Region, Pushchino, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Yu Semenov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Moscow, 119992, Russian Federation
| | - Victor A Nadtochenko
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina St. 4, Moscow, 117977, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A Krasnovsky
- Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation
| | - William W Parson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino Moscow Region, Pushchino, Russian Federation.
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology and Center of Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 289 Morrill Hall, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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14
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Kandoi D, Ruhil K, Govindjee G, Tripathy BC. Overexpression of cytoplasmic C 4 Flaveria bidentis carbonic anhydrase in C 3 Arabidopsis thaliana increases amino acids, photosynthetic potential, and biomass. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:1518-1532. [PMID: 35467074 PMCID: PMC9342616 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
An important method to improve photosynthesis in C3 crops, such as rice and wheat, is to transfer efficient C4 characters to them. Here, cytosolic carbonic anhydrase (CA: βCA3) of the C4 Flaveria bidentis (Fb) was overexpressed under the control of 35 S promoter in Arabidopsis thaliana, a C3 plant, to enhance its photosynthetic efficiency. Overexpression of CA resulted in a better supply of the substrate HCO3- for the endogenous phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in the cytosol of the overexpressers, and increased its activity for generating malate that feeds into the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This provided additional carbon skeleton for increased synthesis of amino acids aspartate, asparagine, glutamate, and glutamine. Increased amino acids contributed to higher protein content in the transgenics. Furthermore, expression of FbβCA3 in Arabidopsis led to a better growth due to expression of several genes leading to higher chlorophyll content, electron transport, and photosynthetic carbon assimilation in the transformants. Enhanced CO2 assimilation resulted in increased sugar and starch content, and plant dry weight. In addition, transgenic plants had lower stomatal conductance, reduced transpiration rate, and higher water-use efficiency. These results, taken together, show that expression of C4 CA in the cytosol of a C3 plant can indeed improve its photosynthetic capacity with enhanced water-use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Kandoi
- School of Life SciencesJawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiIndia
| | - Kamal Ruhil
- School of Life SciencesJawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiIndia
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant BiologyDepartment of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative BiologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Baishnab C. Tripathy
- School of Life SciencesJawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiIndia
- Department of BiotechnologySharda UniversityGreater NoidaUPIndia
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15
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Pandiyan S, Govindjee G, Meenatchi S, Prasanna S, Gunasekaran G, Guo Y. Evaluating the Impact of Summer Drought on Vegetation Growth Using Space-Based Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Across Extensive Spatial Measures. Big Data 2022; 10:230-245. [PMID: 33983846 DOI: 10.1089/big.2020.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the primary and dominant natural cause of stress on vegetation, and thus, it needs our full attention. Current understanding of drought across extensive spatial measures, around the world, is considerably limited. As case studies to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing space-based solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) across extensive spatial measures, here, we have used data from 2007 to 2017 in Heilongjiang and Jiangsu provinces of China. The onset of the 2015 drought was accompanied by a substantial response of SIF from vegetation in both the provinces; these data were associated with changes in soil moisture, standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, and emissivity. Our findings suggest that SIF can effectively provide the spatial and temporal progress of drought, as inferred through substantial associations with SIF normalized by absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (related to ΦF) and by photosynthetically active radiation (SIFpar). For the depiction of onset to drought, SIF, ΦF, and SIFpar provide a significant association and a quicker response than the leaf area index and the normalized difference vegetation index. Furthermore, we found that the correlation between gross primary productivity and SIF is highly substantial in both Heilongjiang (R2 = 0.85, p < 0.001) and Jiangsu (R2 = 0.75, p < 0.001) during the drought period. Our results indicate that continuing evaluation from space-based SIF can indeed provide an understanding of the seasonal differences in vegetation for evaluating the impact of drought across extensive spatial measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeevi Pandiyan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - S Meenatchi
- School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - S Prasanna
- School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - G Gunasekaran
- School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - Ya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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16
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Carlson SJ, Bauer CE, Govindjee G. Remembering Robert (Bob) Togasaki (1932-2019): A leader in Chlamydomonas genetics and in plant biology, as well as a teacher par excellence. Photosynth Res 2022; 152:73-86. [PMID: 35025067 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Robert (Bob) K. Togasaki was devoted to science and the people in the scientific community. He elucidated some of the most fundamental aspects of photosynthesis and carbon metabolism through classic genetic approaches and later using the tools of modern biotechnology. Along the way, he freely shared his ideas and enthusiasm with established scientists, junior researchers, graduate students, and even elementary students. His career trajectory led him to work with some of the leaders in the field, including the late Martin Gibbs and R. Paul Levine. His dedicated research has led to a more complete understanding of some of the core biochemical functions relating to photosynthesis of the green alga Chlamydomonas; this has included carbon-concentrating mechanisms, hydrogenases, and superoxide dismutase to name just a few. The focus of this Tribute is personal reminiscences by his postdoctoral advisor R. Paul Levine; his collaborators Teruo Ogawa, Jean-David Rochaix, Hidehiro Sakurai, Michael Seibert; and by his students William Belknap, Susan Carlson, Charlene Forest, Arthur Grossman, Gregory Katzman, Masahiko Kitayama, and Jon Suzuki. All remember Bob Togasaki for his intellect, dedication to science education, and his unwavering goodwill and optimism towards his fellow human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 289 Morrill Hall, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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17
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Khan N, Essemine J, Hamdani S, Qu M, Lyu MJA, Perveen S, Stirbet A, Govindjee G, Zhu XG. Natural variation in the fast phase of chlorophyll a fluorescence induction curve (OJIP) in a global rice minicore panel. Photosynth Res 2021; 150:137-158. [PMID: 33159615 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis can be probed through Chlorophyll a fluorescence induction (FI), which provides detailed insight into the electron transfer process in Photosystem II, and beyond. Here, we have systematically studied the natural variation of the fast phase of the FI, i.e. the OJIP phase, in rice. The OJIP phase of the Chl a fluorescence induction curve is referred to as "fast transient" lasting for less than a second; it is obtained after a dark-adapted sample is exposed to saturating light. In the OJIP curve, "O" stands for "origin" (minimal fluorescence), "P" for "peak" (maximum fluorescence), and J and I for inflection points between the O and P levels. Further, Fo is the fluorescence intensity at the "O" level, whereas Fm is the intensity at the P level, and Fv (= Fm - Fo) is the variable fluorescence. We surveyed a set of quantitative parameters derived from the FI curves of 199 rice accessions, grown under both field condition (FC) and growth room condition (GC). Our results show a significant variation between Japonica (JAP) and Indica (IND) subgroups, under both the growth conditions, in almost all the parameters derived from the OJIP curves. The ratio of the variable to the maximum (Fv/Fm) and of the variable to the minimum (Fv/Fo) fluorescence, the performance index (PIabs), as well as the amplitude of the I-P phase (AI-P) show higher values in JAP compared to that in the IND subpopulation. In contrast, the amplitude of the O-J phase (AO-J) and the normalized area above the OJIP curve (Sm) show an opposite trend. The performed genetic analysis shows that plants grown under GC appear much more affected by environmental factors than those grown in the field. We further conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 11 parameters derived from plants grown in the field. In total, 596 non-unique significant loci based on these parameters were identified by GWAS. Several photosynthesis-related proteins were identified to be associated with different OJIP parameters. We found that traits with high correlation are usually associated with similar genomic regions. Specifically, the thermal phase of FI, which includes the amplitudes of the J-I and I-P subphases (AJ-I and AI-P) of the OJIP curve, is, in turn, associated with certain common genomic regions. Our study is the first one dealing with the natural variations in rice, with the aim to characterize potential candidate genes controlling the magnitude and half-time of each of the phases in the OJIP FI curve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Khan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jemaa Essemine
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Saber Hamdani
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Mingnan Qu
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Ming-Ju Amy Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | | | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics and Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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18
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Naithani S, Komath SS, Nonomura A, Govindjee G. Plant lectins and their many roles: Carbohydrate-binding and beyond. J Plant Physiol 2021; 266:153531. [PMID: 34601337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lectins are ubiquitous proteins that reversibly bind to specific carbohydrates and, thus, serve as readers of the sugar code. In photosynthetic organisms, lectin family proteins play important roles in capturing and releasing photosynthates via an endogenous lectin cycle. Often, lectin proteins consist of one or more lectin domains in combination with other types of domains. This structural diversity of lectins is the basis for their current classification, which is consistent with their diverse functions in cell signaling associated with growth and development, as well as in the plant's response to biotic, symbiotic, and abiotic stimuli. Furthermore, the lectin family shows evolutionary expansion that has distinct clade-specific signatures. Although the function(s) of many plant lectin family genes are unknown, studies in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have provided insights into their diverse roles. Here, we have used a biocuration approach rooted in the critical review of scientific literature and information available in the public genomic databases to summarize the expression, localization, and known functions of lectins in Arabidopsis. A better understanding of the structure and function of lectins is expected to aid in improving agricultural productivity through the manipulation of candidate genes for breeding climate-resilient crops, or by regulating metabolic pathways by applications of plant growth regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Naithani
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA.
| | - Sneha Sudha Komath
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Arthur Nonomura
- Department of Chemistry, Northern Arizona University, South San Francisco Street, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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19
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Yilimulati M, Jin J, Wang X, Wang X, Shevela D, Wu B, Wang K, Zhou L, Jia Y, Pan B, Govindjee G, Zhang S. Regulation of Photosynthesis in Bloom-Forming Cyanobacteria with the Simplest β-Diketone. Environ Sci Technol 2021; 55:14173-14184. [PMID: 34590827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Selective inhibition of photosynthesis is a fundamental strategy to solve the global challenge caused by harmful cyanobacterial blooms. However, there is a lack of specificity of the currently used cyanocides, because most of them act on cyanobacteria by generating nontargeted oxidative stress. Here, for the first time, we find that the simplest β-diketone, acetylacetone, is a promising specific cyanocide, which acts on Microcystis aeruginosa through targeted binding on bound iron species in the photosynthetic electron transport chain, rather than by oxidizing the components of the photosynthetic apparatus. The targeted binding approach outperforms the general oxidation mechanism in terms of specificity and eco-safety. Given the essential role of photosynthesis in both natural and artificial systems, this finding not only provides a unique solution for the selective control of cyanobacteria but also sheds new light on the ways to modulate photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihebai Yilimulati
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyuan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Dmitry Shevela
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biological Centre, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- Hansha Scientific Instruments Limited, Tai'an 271099, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlu Jia
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingcai Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, and the Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Shujuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
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20
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Dau H, Ivanov B, Shevela D, Armstrong WH, Govindjee G. Three overlooked photosynthesis papers of Otto Warburg (1883-1970), published in the 1940s in German and in Russian, on light-driven water oxidation coupled to benzoquinone reduction. Photosynth Res 2021; 149:259-264. [PMID: 34236567 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00858-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
After a brief background on Otto Heinrich Warburg (1883-1970), and some of his selected research, we provide highlights, in English, of three of his papers in the 1940s-unknown to many as they were not originally published in English. They are: two brief reports on Photosynthesis, with Wilhelm Lüttgens, originally published in German, in 1944: 'Experiment on assimilation of carbonic acid'; and 'Further experiments on carbon dioxide assimilation'. This is followed by a regular paper, originally published in Russian, in 1946: 'The photochemical reduction of quinone in green granules'. Since the 1944 reports discussed here are very short, their translations are included in the Appendix, but that of the 1946 paper is provided in the Supplementary Material. In all three reports, Warburg provides the first evidence for and elaborates on light-driven water oxidation coupled to reduction of added benzoquinone. These largely overlooked studies of Warburg are in stark contrast to Warburg's well-known error in assigning the origin of the photosynthetically formed dioxygen to carbonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Dau
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Boris Ivanov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia, 142292
| | - Dmitry Shevela
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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21
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Govindjee G, Blankenship RE. Martin David Kamen (1913-2002): discoverer of carbon 14, and of new cytochromes in photosynthetic bacteria. Photosynth Res 2021; 149:265-273. [PMID: 34228227 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00854-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Martin Kamen was a giant of twentieth century science. Trained as a physical chemist, he was the co-discoverer of radioactive Carbon 14, which has transformed many areas of science as a tracer and as a way to date artifacts. He later switched to the study of metabolism and biochemistry and made important contributions to the understanding of nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis. Finally, he studied cytochromes, primarily from anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria.
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Govindjee G, Shen YK, Zhu XG, Mi H, Ogawa T. Honoring Bacon Ke at 100: a legend among the many luminaries and a highly collaborative scientist in photosynthesis research. Photosynth Res 2021; 147:243-252. [PMID: 33582974 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bacon Ke, who did pioneering research on the primary photochemistry of photosynthesis, was born in China on July 26, 1920, and currently, he is living in a senior home in San Francisco, California, and is a centenarian. To us, this is a very happy and unique occasion to honor him. After providing a brief account of his life, and a glimpse of his research in photosynthesis, we present here "messages" for Bacon Ke@ 100 from: Robert Alfano (USA), Charles Arntzen (USA), Sandor Demeter (Hungary), Richard A. Dilley (USA), John Golbeck (USA), Isamu Ikegami (Japan), Ting-Yun Kuang (China), Richard Malkin (USA), Hualing Mi (China), Teruo Ogawa (Japan), Yasusi Yamamoto (Japan), and Xin-Guang Zhu (China).
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and the Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana- Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Yun-Kang Shen
- National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xin-Guang Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hualing Mi
- National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Teruo Ogawa
- , Kamisaginomiya 3-17-11, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 165-0031, Japan
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Borisova-Mubarakshina MM, Tsygankov AA, Tomo T, Allakhverdiev SI, Eaton-Rye JJ, Govindjee G. International conference on "Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability-2019": in honor of Tingyun Kuang, Anthony Larkum, Cesare Marchetti, and Kimiyuki Satoh. Photosynth Res 2020; 146:5-15. [PMID: 31758403 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00687-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The 10th International Conference on «Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability-2019» was held in honor of Tingyun Kuang (China), Anthony Larkum (Australia), Cesare Marchetti (Italy), and Kimiyuki Satoh (Japan), in St. Petersburg (Russia) during June 23-28, 2019. The official conference organizers from the Russian side were from the Institute of Basic Biological Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBBP RAS), Russian Society for Photobiology (RSP), and the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences ([K]BIN RAS). This conference was organized with the help of Monomax Company, a member of the International Congress Convention Association (ICCA), and was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. Here, we provide a brief description of the conference, its scientific program, as well as a brief introduction and key contributions of the four honored scientists. Further, we emphasize the recognition given, at this conference, to several outstanding young researchers, from around the World, for their research in the area of our conference. A special feature of this paper is the inclusion of photographs provided by one of us (Tatsuya Tomo). Lastly, we urge the readers to watch for information on the next 11th conference on "Photosynthesis and Hydrogen Energy Research for Sustainability-2021," to be held in Bulgaria in 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anatoly A Tsygankov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290
| | - Tatsuya Tomo
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Kagurazaka 1-3, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia, 142290
- K.A. Timiryazev. Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 35 Botanicheskaya St, Moscow, Russia, 127276
| | - Julian J Eaton-Rye
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Fu L, Govindjee G, Tan J, Guo Y. Development of a minimized model structure and a feedback control framework for regulating photosynthetic activities. Photosynth Res 2020; 146:213-225. [PMID: 31813097 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00690-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the main activities of the plant photosynthesis process are discussed to yield a minimized mathematical model structure with photosystem II (PSII) chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) as a measurable output. After experimental validation of the model structure, we demonstrate that the states of the photosynthetic process may be observed by using this model and the extended Kalman filter method. We then show a feedback control framework that can be used to alter a given photosynthetic activity. The control framework is demonstrated with an example in which PSII ChlF is used as the feedback signal and light intensity is used as a controllable process input to regulate plastoquinone reduction. Although there are caveats, and further research is needed, the results lay the groundwork for further research on novel methods for optimization and regulation of photosynthetic activities, with a goal for sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijiang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry (Ministry of Education), Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Jinglu Tan
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry (Ministry of Education), Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
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Stirbet A, Lazár D, Guo Y, Govindjee G. Photosynthesis: basics, history and modelling. Ann Bot 2020; 126:511-537. [PMID: 31641747 PMCID: PMC7489092 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcz171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With limited agricultural land and increasing human population, it is essential to enhance overall photosynthesis and thus productivity. Oxygenic photosynthesis begins with light absorption, followed by excitation energy transfer to the reaction centres, primary photochemistry, electron and proton transport, NADPH and ATP synthesis, and then CO2 fixation (Calvin-Benson cycle, as well as Hatch-Slack cycle). Here we cover some of the discoveries related to this process, such as the existence of two light reactions and two photosystems connected by an electron transport 'chain' (the Z-scheme), chemiosmotic hypothesis for ATP synthesis, water oxidation clock for oxygen evolution, steps for carbon fixation, and finally the diverse mechanisms of regulatory processes, such as 'state transitions' and 'non-photochemical quenching' of the excited state of chlorophyll a. SCOPE In this review, we emphasize that mathematical modelling is a highly valuable tool in understanding and making predictions regarding photosynthesis. Different mathematical models have been used to examine current theories on diverse photosynthetic processes; these have been validated through simulation(s) of available experimental data, such as chlorophyll a fluorescence induction, measured with fluorometers using continuous (or modulated) exciting light, and absorbance changes at 820 nm (ΔA820) related to redox changes in P700, the reaction centre of photosystem I. CONCLUSIONS We highlight here the important role of modelling in deciphering and untangling complex photosynthesis processes taking place simultaneously, as well as in predicting possible ways to obtain higher biomass and productivity in plants, algae and cyanobacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dušan Lazár
- Department of Biophysics, Center of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ya Guo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry (Ministry of Education), Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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Govindjee G, Briskin DP, Benning C, Daniell H, Kolossov V, Scheer H, Rebeiz M. From δ-aminolevulinic acid to chlorophylls and every step in between: in memory of Constantin (Tino) A. Rebeiz, 1936-2019. Photosynth Res 2020; 145:71-82. [PMID: 32458186 PMCID: PMC7250271 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00750-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Constantin A. (Tino) Rebeiz, a pioneer in the field of chlorophyll biosynthesis, and a longtime member of the University of Illinois community of plant biologists, passed away on July 25, 2019. He came to the USA at a time that was difficult for members of minority groups to be in academia. However, his passion for the complexity of the biochemical origin of chlorophylls drove a career in basic sciences which extended into applied areas of environmentally friendly pesticides and treatment for skin cancer. He was a philanthropist; in retirement, he founded the Rebeiz Foundation for Basic Research which recognized excellence and lifetime achievements of selected top scientists in the general area of photosynthesis research. His life history, scientific breakthroughs, and community service hold important lessons for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Donald P. Briskin
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Christoph Benning
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology- Plant Biology, Plant Research Laboratory, MSU-DOE, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - Henry Daniell
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Vladimir Kolossov
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Hugo Scheer
- Department of Biology- Botany, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80638 Munich, Germany
| | - Mark Rebeiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA
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Negi S, Perrine Z, Friedland N, Kumar A, Tokutsu R, Minagawa J, Berg H, Barry AN, Govindjee G, Sayre R. Light regulation of light-harvesting antenna size substantially enhances photosynthetic efficiency and biomass yield in green algae †. Plant J 2020; 103:584-603. [PMID: 32180283 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
One of the major factors limiting biomass productivity in algae is the low thermodynamic efficiency of photosynthesis. The greatest thermodynamic inefficiencies in photosynthesis occur during the conversion of light into chemical energy. At full sunlight the light-harvesting antenna captures photons at a rate nearly 10 times faster than the rate-limiting step in photosynthetic electron transport. Excess captured energy is dissipated by non-productive pathways including the production of reactive oxygen species. Substantial improvements in photosynthetic efficiency have been achieved by reducing the optical cross-section of the light-harvesting antenna by selectively reducing chlorophyll b levels and peripheral light-harvesting complex subunits. Smaller light-harvesting antenna, however, may not exhibit optimal photosynthetic performance in low or fluctuating light environments. We describe a translational control system to dynamically adjust light-harvesting antenna sizes for enhanced photosynthetic performance. By expressing a chlorophyllide a oxygenase (CAO) gene having a 5' mRNA extension encoding a Nab1 translational repressor binding site in a CAO knockout line it was possible to continuously alter chlorophyll b levels and correspondingly light-harvesting antenna sizes by light-activated Nab1 repression of CAO expression as a function of growth light intensity. Significantly, algae having light-regulated antenna sizes had substantially higher photosynthetic rates and two-fold greater biomass productivity than the parental wild-type strains as well as near wild-type ability to carry out state transitions and non-photochemical quenching. These results have broad implications for enhanced algae and plant biomass productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Negi
- New Mexico Consortium and Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA
| | - Zoee Perrine
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | | | - Anil Kumar
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Ryutaro Tokutsu
- Division of Environmental Photobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- CREST (Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Jun Minagawa
- Division of Environmental Photobiology, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- CREST (Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology), Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Howard Berg
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Amanda N Barry
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87544, USA
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Plant Biology, Center of Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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Pareek A, Soni V, Sopory SK, Khurana JP, Sowjanya Sree K, Tyagi AK, Narsimhan S, Govindjee G. Satish Chandra Maheshwari (1933-2019)-a brilliant, passionate and an outstanding shining light for all of plant biology. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 2020; 26:1087-1098. [PMID: 32549674 PMCID: PMC7266906 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present here a tribute to Satish Chandra Maheshwari (known to many as SCM, or simply Satish), one of the greatest plant biologists of our time. He was born on October 4, 1933, in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India, and passed away in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, on June 12, 2019. He is survived by two of his younger sisters (Sushila Narsimhan and Saubhagya Agrawal), a large number of friends and students from around the world. He has not only been the discoverer of pollen haploids in plants but has also contributed immensely to the field of duckweed research and gene regulation. In addition, he has made discoveries in the area of phytochrome research. The scientific community will always remember him as an extremely dedicated teacher and a passionate researcher; and for his wonderful contributions in the field of Plant Biology. See Sopory and Maheshwari (2001) for a perspective on the beginnings of Plant Molecular Biology in India; and see Raghuram (2002a, b) for the growth and contributions of this field in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Vineet Soni
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001 India
| | - Sudhir K. Sopory
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Jitendra P. Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021 India
| | - K. Sowjanya Sree
- Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Kerala, Periye, 671320 India
| | - Akhilesh K. Tyagi
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021 India
| | - Sushila Narsimhan
- Department of East Asian Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110007 India
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi, 110067 India
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and The Center of Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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Vredenberg WJ, Govindjee G. Christiaan Sybesma (August 31, 1928-January 31, 2018), an extraordinary biophysicist of our time. Photosynth Res 2020; 144:297-300. [PMID: 32240497 PMCID: PMC7239804 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-020-00734-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We provide here a brief Tribute to Christiaan Sybesma (1928-2018), a highly respected biophysicist of our time. We remember him by giving a brief highlight of his life and a glimpse of his outstanding contributions in photosynthesis. He was a charming and highly respected scientist of our time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim J. Vredenberg
- Department of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Center of Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana, Champaign, IL 61801 USA
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Govindjee G, Nonomura A, Lichtenthaler HK. Remembering Melvin Calvin (1911-1997), a highly versatile scientist of the 20th century. Photosynth Res 2020; 143:1-11. [PMID: 31792877 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00693-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Melvin Calvin (1911-1997) was the recipient of the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the discovery of the canonical photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle. We present here a very brief glimpse of this extraordinary American scientist, who in his time was a preeminent force in physical and organic chemistry. Besides natural photosynthesis, Calvin's prolific career included artificial photosynthesis, colors of organic substances, the origin of life, cancer, moon rocks, molecular basis of learning, and plant lipids & algal hydrocarbons as potential renewable sources of transport fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and the Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Arthur Nonomura
- Carbon Reactions of Photosynthesis Sector, Brandt iHammer, 479 Village Park Drive, Powell, OH, 43065-9178, USA
| | - Hartmut K Lichtenthaler
- Botanisches Institut II, Molekularbiologie und Biochemie der Pflanzen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76133, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Gilmore AM, Shinkarev VP, Hazlett TL, Govindjee G. Quantitative analysis of the effects of intrathylakoid pH and xanthophyll cycle pigments on chlorophyll a fluorescence lifetime distributions and intensity in thylakoids. Biochemistry 1998; 37:13582-93. [PMID: 9753445 DOI: 10.1021/bi981384x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The xanthophyll cycle-dependent dissipation of excitation energy in higher plants is one of the most important regulatory and photoprotective mechanisms in photosynthesis. Using parallel time-resolved and pulse-amplitude modulation fluorometry, we studied the influence of the intrathylakoid pH and the xanthophyll cycle carotenoids on the PSII chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence yield in thylakoids of Arabidopsis, spinach, and barley. Increases in concentrations of dithiothreitol in thylakoids, which have a trans-thylakoid membrane pH gradient and are known to have decreased conversion of violaxanthin (V) to zeaxanthin (Z), lead to (1) decreases in the fractional intensity of the approximately 0.5 ns Chl a fluorescence lifetime (tau) distribution component and simultaneous increases in a 1.6-1.8 ns fluorescence component and (2) increases in the maximal fluorescence intensity. These effects disappear when the pH gradient is eliminated by the addition of nigericin. To quantitatively explain these results, we present a new mathematical model that describes the simultaneous effects of the chloroplast trans-thylakoid membrane pH gradient and xanthophyll cycle pigments on the PSII Chl a fluorescence tau distributions and intensity. The model assumes that (1) there exists a specific binding site for Z (or antheraxanthin, A) among or in an inner antenna complex (primarily CP29), (2) this binding site is activated by a low intrathylakoid pH (pK approximately 4.5) that increases the affinity for Z (or A), (3) about one Z or A molecule binds to the activated site, and (4) this binding effectively "switches" the fluorescence tau distribution of the PSII unit to a state with a decreased fluorescence tau and emission intensity (a "dimmer switch" concept). This binding is suggested to cause the formation of an exciton trap with a rapid intrinsic rate constant of heat dissipation. Statistical analysis of the data yields an equilibrium association constant, Ka, that ranges from 0.7 to 3.4 per PSII for the protonated/activated binding site for Z (or A). The model explains (1) the relative fraction of the approximately 0.5 ns fluorescence component as a function of both Z and A concentration and intrathylakoid pH, (2) the dependence of the ratio of F'm/Fm on the fraction of the 0.5 ns fluorescence tau component (where F'm and Fm are maximal fluorescence intensities in the presence and the absence of a pH gradient), and (3) the dependence of the ratio of F'm/Fm on the concentration of Z and A and the intrathylakoid pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Gilmore
- Photobioenergetics Group, Australian National University Research School of Biological Sciences, Canberra, ACT.
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Vacek K, Wong D, Govindjee G. ABSORPTION AND FLUORESCENCE PROPERTIES OF HIGHLY ENRICHED REACTION CENTER PARTICLES OF PHOTOSYSTEM I AND OF ARTIFICIAL SYSTEMS. Photochem Photobiol 1977. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1977.tb07484.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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