1
|
Kadlečková D, Saláková M, Erban T, Tachezy R. Discovery and characterization of novel DNA viruses in Apis mellifera: expanding the honey bee virome through metagenomic analysis. mSystems 2024; 9:e0008824. [PMID: 38441971 PMCID: PMC11019937 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00088-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
To date, many viruses have been discovered to infect honey bees. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to expand the known virome of the honey bee, Apis mellifera, by identifying several novel DNA viruses. While the majority of previously identified bee viruses are RNA, our study reveals nine new genomes from the Parvoviridae family, tentatively named Bee densoviruses 1 to 9. In addition, we characterized a large DNA virus, Apis mellifera filamentous-like virus (AmFLV), which shares limited protein identities with the known Apis mellifera filamentous virus. The complete sequence of AmFLV, obtained by a combination of laboratory techniques and bioinformatics, spans 152,678 bp. Linear dsDNA genome encodes for 112 proteins, of which 49 are annotated. Another large virus we discovered is Apis mellifera nudivirus, which belongs to a group of Alphanudivirus. The virus has a length of 129,467 bp and a circular dsDNA genome, and has 106 protein encoding genes. The virus contains most of the core genes of the family Nudiviridae. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of viral binning in identifying viruses in honey bee virology, showcasing its initial application in this field.IMPORTANCEHoney bees contribute significantly to food security by providing pollination services. Understanding the virome of honey bees is crucial for the health and conservation of bee populations and also for the stability of the ecosystems and economies for which they are indispensable. This study unveils previously unknown DNA viruses in the honey bee virome, expanding our knowledge of potential threats to bee health. The use of the viral binning approach we employed in this study offers a promising method to uncovering and understanding the vast viral diversity in these essential pollinators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Kadlečková
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science BIOCEV, Charles University, Vestec, Průmyslová, Czechia
| | - Martina Saláková
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science BIOCEV, Charles University, Vestec, Průmyslová, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Erban
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovská, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ruth Tachezy
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science BIOCEV, Charles University, Vestec, Průmyslová, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang D, Wang J, Wang X, Deng F, Diao Q, Wang M, Hu Z, Hou C. Genomics and Proteomics of Apis mellifera Filamentous Virus Isolated from Honeybees in China. Virol Sin 2022; 37:483-490. [PMID: 35527222 PMCID: PMC9437511 DOI: 10.1016/j.virs.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Apis mellifera filamentous virus (AmFV) is a large DNA virus that is endemic in honeybee colonies. The genome sequence of the AmFV Swiss isolate (AmFV CH–C05) has been reported, but so far very few molecular studies have been conducted on this virus. In this study, we isolated and purified AmFV (AmFV CN) from Chinese honeybee (Apis mellifera) colonies and elucidated its genomics and proteomics. Electron microscopy showed ovoid purified virions with dimensions of 300–500 × 210–285 nm, wrapping a 3165 × 40 nm filamentous nucleocapsid in three figure-eight loops. Unlike AmFV CH–C05, which was reported to have a circular genome, our data suggest that AmFV CN has a linear genome of approximately 493 kb. A total of 197 ORFs were identified, among which 36 putative genes including 18 baculoviral homologs were annotated. The overall nucleotide similarity between the CN and CH–C05 isolates was 96.9%. Several ORFs were newly annotated in AmFV CN, including homologs of per os infectivity factor 4 (PIF4) and a putative integrase. Phylogenomic analysis placed AmFVs on a separate branch within the newly proposed virus class Naldaviricetes. Proteomic analysis revealed 47 AmFV virion-associated proteins, of which 14 had over 50% sequence coverage, suggesting that they are likely to be main structural proteins. In addition, all six of the annotated PIFs (PIF-0–5) were identified by proteomics, suggesting that they may function as entry factors in AmFV infection. This study provides fundamental information regarding the molecular biology of AmFV. The AmFV CN contains a 493 kb linear genome encoding 197 ORFs. Proteomics revealed 14 putative major structural proteins. AmFV belongs to the class Naldaviricetes but not the order Lefavirales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dahe Yang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China; State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Qingyun Diao
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Manli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Zhihong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology and National Virus Resource Center, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Chunsheng Hou
- Institute of Bast Fiber Crops, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410205, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tibatá VM, Sanchez A, Palmer-Young E, Junca H, Solarte VM, Madella S, Ariza F, Figueroa J, Corona M. Africanized honey bees in Colombia exhibit high prevalence but low level of infestation of Varroa mites and low prevalence of pathogenic viruses. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244906. [PMID: 34014937 PMCID: PMC8136659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The global spread of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor has promoted the spread and virulence of highly infectious honey bee viruses. This phenomenon is considered the leading cause for the increased number of colony losses experienced by the mite-susceptible European honey bee populations in the Northern hemisphere. Most of the honey bee populations in Central and South America are Africanized honey bees (AHBs), which are considered more resistant to Varroa compared to European honey bees. However, the relationship between Varroa levels and the spread of honey bee viruses in AHBs remains unknown. In this study, we determined Varroa prevalence and infestation levels as well as the prevalence of seven major honey bee viruses in AHBs from three regions of Colombia. We found that although Varroa exhibited high prevalence (92%), its infestation levels were low (4.5%) considering that these populations never received acaricide treatments. We also detected four viruses in the three regions analyzed, but all colonies were asymptomatic, and virus prevalence was considerably lower than those found in other countries with higher rates of mite-associated colony loss (DWV 19.88%, BQCV 17.39%, SBV 23.4%, ABPV 10.56%). Our findings indicate that AHBs possess a natural resistance to Varroa that does not prevent the spread of this parasite among their population, but restrains mite population growth and suppresses the prevalence and pathogenicity of mite-associated viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Manuel Tibatá
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Grupos de Investigación AYNI–Ciencia y Tecnología Apícola, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrés Sanchez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Grupos de Investigación AYNI–Ciencia y Tecnología Apícola, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Evan Palmer-Young
- Bee Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Howard Junca
- RG Microbial Ecology, Div. Ecogenomics & Holobionts–Microbiomas Foundation, Chia, Colombia
| | - Victor Manuel Solarte
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Grupos de Investigación AYNI–Ciencia y Tecnología Apícola, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Shayne Madella
- Bee Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
| | - Fernando Ariza
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Grupos de Investigación AYNI–Ciencia y Tecnología Apícola, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Judith Figueroa
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Grupos de Investigación AYNI–Ciencia y Tecnología Apícola, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Miguel Corona
- Bee Research Lab, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, MD, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Beaurepaire A, Piot N, Doublet V, Antunez K, Campbell E, Chantawannakul P, Chejanovsky N, Gajda A, Heerman M, Panziera D, Smagghe G, Yañez O, de Miranda JR, Dalmon A. Diversity and Global Distribution of Viruses of the Western Honey Bee, Apis mellifera. Insects 2020; 11:E239. [PMID: 32290327 PMCID: PMC7240362 DOI: 10.3390/insects11040239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the past centuries, viruses have benefited from globalization to spread across the globe, infecting new host species and populations. A growing number of viruses have been documented in the western honey bee, Apis mellifera. Several of these contribute significantly to honey bee colony losses. This review synthetizes the knowledge of the diversity and distribution of honey-bee-infecting viruses, including recent data from high-throughput sequencing (HTS). After presenting the diversity of viruses and their corresponding symptoms, we surveyed the scientific literature for the prevalence of these pathogens across the globe. The geographical distribution shows that the most prevalent viruses (deformed wing virus, sacbrood virus, black queen cell virus and acute paralysis complex) are also the most widely distributed. We discuss the ecological drivers that influence the distribution of these pathogens in worldwide honey bee populations. Besides the natural transmission routes and the resulting temporal dynamics, global trade contributes to their dissemination. As recent evidence shows that these viruses are often multihost pathogens, their spread is a risk for both the beekeeping industry and the pollination services provided by managed and wild pollinators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Beaurepaire
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3003 Bern, Switzerland;
- Agroscope, Swiss Bee Research Center, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
- UR Abeilles et Environnement, INRAE, 84914 Avignon, France;
| | - Niels Piot
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Vincent Doublet
- Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, University of Ulm, 86069 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Karina Antunez
- Department of Microbiology, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay;
| | - Ewan Campbell
- Centre for Genome Enabled Biology and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3FX, UK;
| | - Panuwan Chantawannakul
- Environmental Science Research Center (ESRC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Bee Protection Laboratory (BeeP), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nor Chejanovsky
- Entomology Department, Institute of Plant Protection, The Volcani Center, Rishon Lezion, Tel Aviv 5025001, Israel;
| | - Anna Gajda
- Laboratory of Bee Diseases, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | | | - Delphine Panziera
- Institute of Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Orlando Yañez
- Institute of Bee Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3003 Bern, Switzerland;
- Agroscope, Swiss Bee Research Center, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Joachim R. de Miranda
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750-07 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Anne Dalmon
- UR Abeilles et Environnement, INRAE, 84914 Avignon, France;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
O'Neal ST, Anderson TD, Wu-Smart JY. Interactions between pesticides and pathogen susceptibility in honey bees. Curr Opin Insect Sci 2018; 26:57-62. [PMID: 29764661 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
There exist a variety of factors that negatively impact the health and survival of managed honey bee colonies, including the spread of parasites and pathogens, loss of habitat, reduced availability or quality of food resources, climate change, poor queen quality, changing cultural and commercial beekeeping practices, as well as exposure to agricultural and apicultural pesticides both in the field and in the hive. These factors are often closely intertwined, and it is unlikely that a single stressor is driving colony losses. There is a growing consensus, however, that increasing prevalence of parasites and pathogens are among the most significant threats to managed bee colonies. Unfortunately, improper management of hives by beekeepers may exacerbate parasite populations and disease transmission. Furthermore, research continues to accumulate that describes the complex and largely harmful interactions that exist between pesticide exposure and bee immunity. This brief review summarizes our progress in understanding the impact of pesticide exposure on bees at the individual, colony, and community level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Scott T O'Neal
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Troy D Anderson
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Judy Y Wu-Smart
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fine JD, Cox-Foster DL, Mullin CA. An Inert Pesticide Adjuvant Synergizes Viral Pathogenicity and Mortality in Honey Bee Larvae. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40499. [PMID: 28091574 PMCID: PMC5238421 DOI: 10.1038/srep40499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey bees are highly valued for their pollination services in agricultural settings, and recent declines in managed populations have caused concern. Colony losses following a major pollination event in the United States, almond pollination, have been characterized by brood mortality with specific symptoms, followed by eventual colony loss weeks later. In this study, we demonstrate that these symptoms can be produced by chronically exposing brood to both an organosilicone surfactant adjuvant (OSS) commonly used on many agricultural crops including wine grapes, tree nuts and tree fruits and exogenous viral pathogens by simulating a horizontal transmission event. Observed synergistic mortality occurred during the larval-pupal molt. Using q-PCR techniques to measure gene expression and viral levels in larvae taken prior to observed mortality at metamorphosis, we found that exposure to OSS and exogenous virus resulted in significantly heightened Black Queen Cell Virus (BQCV) titers and lower expression of a Toll 7-like-receptor associated with autophagic viral defense (Am18w). These results demonstrate that organosilicone spray adjuvants that are considered biologically inert potentiate viral pathogenicity in honey bee larvae, and guidelines for OSS use may be warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia D Fine
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Diana L Cox-Foster
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.,USDA-ARS-PWA Pollinating Insect Research Unit, Logan, UT 84322, USA
| | - Christopher A Mullin
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang Q, Song ZY, Feng X, Zhang J, Zheng Y, Wang XH, Sui JC, Wang ZG, Sun Y. Analysis of the complete genome sequence of black queen cell virus JL1 from infected honeybees in China. Bull Entomol Res 2016; 106:561-568. [PMID: 27378551 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485315001029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
There are six strains of the complete genomic sequences of black queen cell virus (BQCV) published in the GenBank, including South Africa (AF183905), South Korea (JX149531), Hungary 10 (EF517515), Poland 4 (EF517519), Poland 5 (EF517520) and Poland 6 (EF517521). Based on the six BQCV strains published in the GenBank, ten pairs of primers were designed in the present study using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to obtain the first complete genome sequence of a BQCV strain in China, called the BQCV China-JL1 strain (KP119603). A phylogenetic tree was then built to analyse their genetic relationships. The BQCV China-JL1 strain showed 86-93% similarity with the six strains published in the GenBank. The BQCV China-JL1 strain consisted of 8358 nucleotides (nt). The 5'-proximal open reading frame (ORF1) initiated at nt position 546 and terminated at nt position 4676, ORF3 initiated at nt position 4891 and terminated at nt position 5433, and the 3'-proximal ORF (ORF2) was located between nt positions 5750 and 8203.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Q Yang
- JiLin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China,Changchun 130062,China
| | - Z-Y Song
- JiLin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China,Changchun 130062,China
| | - X Feng
- College Veterinary Medicine Jilin University,Changchun 130062,China
| | - J Zhang
- Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd.,Changchun 130062,China
| | - Y Zheng
- JiLin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China,Changchun 130062,China
| | - X-H Wang
- JiLin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China,Changchun 130062,China
| | - J-C Sui
- JiLin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China,Changchun 130062,China
| | - Z-G Wang
- JiLin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China,Changchun 130062,China
| | - Y Sun
- JiLin Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of the People's Republic of China,Changchun 130062,China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gong HR, Chen XX, Chen YP, Hu FL, Zhang JL, Lin ZG, Yu JW, Zheng HQ. Evidence of Apis cerana Sacbrood virus Infection in Apis mellifera. Appl Environ Microbiol 2016; 82:2256-62. [PMID: 26801569 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.03292-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sacbrood virus(SBV) is one of the most destructive viruses in the Asian honeybee Apis cerana but is much less destructive in Apis mellifera In previous studies, SBV isolates infecting A. cerana(AcSBV) and SBV isolates infecting A. mellifera(AmSBV) were identified as different serotypes, suggesting a species barrier in SBV infection. In order to investigate this species isolation, we examined the presence of SBV infection in 318A. mellifera colonies and 64A. cerana colonies, and we identified the genotypes of SBV isolates. We also performed artificial infection experiments under both laboratory and field conditions. The results showed that 38A. mellifera colonies and 37A. cerana colonies were positive for SBV infection. Phylogenetic analysis based on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene sequences indicated that A. cerana isolates and most A. mellifera isolates formed two distinct clades but two strains isolated fromA. mellifera were clustered with theA. cerana isolates. In the artificial-infection experiments, AcSBV negative-strand RNA could be detected in both adult bees and larvae ofA. mellifera, although there were no obvious signs of the disease, demonstrating the replication of AcSBV inA. mellifera Our results suggest that AcSBV is able to infectA. melliferacolonies with low prevalence (0.63% in this study) and pathogenicity. This work will help explain the different susceptibilities ofA. cerana and A. melliferato sacbrood disease and is potentially useful for guiding beekeeping practices.
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
|
11
|
Valles SM, Porter SD, Choi MY, Oi DH. Successful transmission of Solenopsis invicta virus 3 to Solenopsis invicta fire ant colonies in oil, sugar, and cricket bait formulations. J Invertebr Pathol 2013; 113:198-204. [PMID: 23602901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Tests were conducted to evaluate whether Solenopsis invicta virus 3 (SINV-3) could be delivered in various bait formulations to fire ant colonies and measure the corresponding colony health changes associated with virus infection in Solenopsis invicta. Three bait formulations (10% sugar solution, cricket paste, and soybean oil adsorbed to defatted corn grit) effectively transmitted SINV-3 infections to S. invicta colonies. Correspondingly, viral infection was shown to be detrimental to colony health and productivity. By day 32, all ant colonies exposed to a single 24h pulse treatment of SINV-3 became infected with the virus regardless of the bait formulation. However, the SINV-3 sugar and cricket bait-treated colonies became infected more rapidly than the oil-treated colonies. Sugar and cricket-treated colonies exhibited significant declines in their brood ratings compared with the untreated control and oil bait-treated colonies. Measures of colony health and productivity evaluated at the end of the study (day 47) showed a number of differences among the bait treatments and the control group. Statistically significant and similar patterns were exhibited among treatments for the quantity of live workers (lower), live brood (lower), total colony weight (lower), worker mortality (higher), proportion larvae (lower), and queen weight (lower). Significant changes were also observed in the number of eggs laid by queens (lower) and the corresponding ovary rating in SINV-3-treated colonies. The study provides the first successful demonstration of SINV-3 as a potential biopesticide against fire ants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Valles
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, USDA-ARS, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Reddy KE, Noh JH, Choe SE, Kweon CH, Yoo MS, Doan HTT, Ramya M, Yoon BS, Nguyen LTK, Nguyen TTD, Van Quyen D, Jung SC, Chang KY, Kang SW. Analysis of the complete genome sequence and capsid region of black queen cell viruses from infected honeybees (Apis mellifera) in Korea. Virus Genes 2013; 47:126-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s11262-013-0902-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
13
|
Noh JH, Reddy KE, Choe SE, Yoo MS, Doan HTT, Kweon CH, Ramya M, Yoon BS, Nguyen LTK, Nguyen TTD, Van Quyen D, Jung SC, Chang KY, Kang SW. Phylogenetic analysis of black queen cell virus genotypes in South Korea. Virus Genes 2012; 46:362-8. [PMID: 23239276 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-012-0859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The black queen cell virus (BQCV), a picorna-like honeybee virus, was first isolated from queen larvae and pupae of honeybees found dead in their cells. BQCV is the most common cause of death in queen larvae. Phylogenetic analysis of two Apis cerana and three Apis mellifera BQCV genotypes collected from honeybee colonies in different regions of South Korea, central European BQCV genotypes, and a South African BQCV reference genotype was performed on a partial helicase enzyme coding region (ORF1) and a partial structural polypeptide coding region (ORF2). The phylogeny based on the ORF2 region showed clustering of all the Korean genotypes corresponding to their geographic origin, with the exception of Korean Am str3 which showed more similarity to the central European and the South African reference genotype. However, the ORF1-based tree exhibited a different distribution of the Korean strains, in which A. cerana isolates formed one cluster and all A. mellifera isolates formed a separate cluster. The RT-PCR assay described in this study is a sensitive and reliable method for the detection and classification of BQCV strains from various regions of Korea. BQCV infection is present in both A. cerana and A. mellifera colonies. With this in mind, the present study examined the transmission of honeybee BQCV infections between A. cerana and A. mellifera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hyeong Noh
- Parasitology and Insect Disease Research Laboratory, Animal, Plant and Fisheries Quarantine and Inspection Agency, 480 Anyang 6 dong, Anyang 420-480, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tapaszti Z, Forgách P, Kővágó C, Topolska G, Nowotny N, Rusvai M, Bakonyi T. Genetic analysis and phylogenetic comparison of Black queen cell virus genotypes. Vet Microbiol 2009; 139:227-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2008] [Revised: 05/20/2009] [Accepted: 06/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
Viruses are significant threats to the health and well-being of the honey bee, Apis mellifera. To alleviate the threats posed by these invasive organisms, a better understanding of bee viral infections will be of crucial importance in developing effective and environmentally benign disease control strategies. Although knowledge of honey bee viruses has been accumulated considerably in the past three decades, a comprehensive review to compile the various aspects of bee viruses at the molecular level has not been reported. This chapter summarizes recent progress in the understanding of the morphology, genome organization, transmission, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of honey bee viruses as well as their interactions with their honey bee hosts. The future prospects of research of honey bee viruses are also discussed in detail. The chapter has been designed to provide researchers in the field with updated information about honey bee viruses and to serve as a starting point for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ping Chen
- USDA-ARS, Bee Research Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|