1
|
Freha M, El-Amine Nouairi M, Bellil A. Method for quantifying catechin in a strawberry extract by measuring optical absorbance, at high sensitivity, under the effect of wavelength and concentration. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2024; 308:123797. [PMID: 38134658 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Catechin is considered a powerful antioxidant, and its rapid quantification could help urgently prevent inflammatory and coronary heart diseases. Consequently, the UV-Vis absorption spectrophotometry assay technique could serve this need for rapid detection. For this reason, we have carefully studied the possibility of dosing this antioxidant found in strawberry extract with precision, despite its chemical complexity. In the dosage technique used; sometimes the dilution of the solutions could be the way to resolve a specific quantification problem such as catechin in strawberry extract. This is quite particular, when the optical extinction coefficient of the target substance is very low compared to the extinction coefficients of the other chemical compounds in the complex mixture, because at a certain dilution the absorption spectrum of the molecule could appear, specifically, with its total spectral form or at least at one of these wavelengths. In this article, we will study the possibility of rapidly measuring catechin from strawberry extract by spectrophotometry in UV-VIS, while reformulating the Beer-Lambert law in a new form where the extinction coefficient did not depend not only of the chemical nature of the solute and the solvent but also of the excitation wavelength (ε(λ), Eq. (9)). A catechin-methanol solution is taken as a reference to study the spectral variation due to the various dilutions of the solution and the determination of a limiting concentration where the excitation wavelength becomes constant (203 nm), thus the extinction coefficient of the catechin, denoted ε0, but the measurement sensitivity is suddenly reduced. A semi-empirical relationship is determined by linearization of the absorbance function which depended on the concentration (C) and the excitation wavelength (ε(λ)). A separation process will be exposed to recover the strawberry extract, as well as its spectral analysis. Finally, a procedure for analyzing any strawberry extract will be presented at the end of this scientific article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Freha
- Faculty of Exact Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Algeria; Process Engineering and Solution Chemistry Laboratory (LGPCS), Algeria
| | - Mohammed El-Amine Nouairi
- Faculty of Sciences & Technology, Department of Science and Technology, Algeria; Process Engineering and Solution Chemistry Laboratory (LGPCS), Algeria.
| | - Ali Bellil
- Faculty of Sciences & Technology, Department of Process Engineering, Algeria; Process Engineering and Solution Chemistry Laboratory (LGPCS), Algeria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang G, Wang J, Momeni MR. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate and its nanoformulation in cervical cancer therapy: the role of genes, MicroRNA and DNA methylation patterns. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:335. [PMID: 38129839 PMCID: PMC10740301 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03161-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea, a popular and healthy nonalcoholic drink consumed globally, is abundant in natural polyphenols. One of these polyphenols is epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which offers a range of health benefits, such as metabolic regulation, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory effects, and potential anticancer properties. Clinical research has shown that EGCG can inhibit cancers in the male and female reproductive systems, including ovarian, cervical, endometrial, breast, testicular, and prostate cancers. Further research on cervical cancer has revealed the crucial role of epigenetic mechanisms in the initiation and progression of this type of cancer. These include changes to the DNA, histones, and non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs. These changes are reversible and can occur even before genetic mutations, making them a potential target for intervention therapies. One promising approach to cancer prevention and treatment is the use of specific agents (known as epi-drugs) that target the cancer epigenome or epigenetic dysregulation. Phytochemicals, a group of diverse molecules, have shown potential in modulating cancer processes through their interaction with the epigenetic machinery. Among these, green tea and its main polyphenol EGCG have been extensively studied. This review highlights the therapeutic effects of EGCG and its nanoformulations on cervical cancer. It also discusses the epigenetic events involved in cervical cancer, such as DNA methylation and microRNA dysregulation, which may be affected by EGCG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guichun Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinyi Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parish M, Massoud G, Hazimeh D, Segars J, Islam MS. Green Tea in Reproductive Cancers: Could Treatment Be as Simple? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030862. [PMID: 36765820 PMCID: PMC9913717 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea originates from the tea plant Camellia sinensis and is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide. Green tea polyphenols, commonly known as catechins, are the major bioactive ingredients and account for green tea's unique health benefits. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), is the most potent catechin derivative and has been widely studied for its pro- and anti-oxidative effects. This review summarizes the chemical and chemopreventive properties of green tea in the context of female reproductive cancers. A comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar up to December 2022 was conducted. All original and review articles related to green tea or EGCG, and gynecological cancers published in English were included. The findings of several in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological studies examining the effect of green tea on reproductive cancers, including ovarian, cervical, endometrial, and vulvar cancers, are presented. Studies have shown that this compound targets specific receptors and intracellular signaling pathways involved in cancer pathogenesis. The potential benefits of using green tea in the treatment of reproductive cancers, alone or in conjunction with chemotherapeutic agents, are examined, shedding light on new therapeutic strategies for the management of female reproductive cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - James Segars
- Correspondence: (J.S.); or (M.S.I.); Tel.: +1-410-614-2000 (J.S. & M.S.I.)
| | - Md Soriful Islam
- Correspondence: (J.S.); or (M.S.I.); Tel.: +1-410-614-2000 (J.S. & M.S.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rago V, Di Agostino S. Novel Insights into the Role of the Antioxidants in Prostate Pathology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020289. [PMID: 36829848 PMCID: PMC9951863 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, it is known that antioxidants protect cells from damage caused by oxidative stress and associated with pathological conditions. Several studies have established that inflammation is a state that anticipates the neoplastic transformation of the prostate. Although many experimental and clinical data have indicated the efficacy of antioxidants in preventing this form of cancer, the discrepant results, especially from recent large-scale randomized clinical trials, make it difficult to establish a real role for antioxidants in prostate tumor. Despite these concerns, clinical efficacy and safety data show that some antioxidants still hold promise for prostate cancer chemoprevention. Although more studies are needed, in this review, we briefly describe the most common antioxidants that have shown benefits in preclinical and clinical settings, focusing our attention on synthesizing the advances made so far in prostate cancer chemoprevention using antioxidants as interesting molecules for the challenges of future therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (S.D.A.); Tel.: +39-0984-493005 (V.R.); Fax: +39-0984-493271 (V.R.)
| | - Silvia Di Agostino
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (V.R.); (S.D.A.); Tel.: +39-0984-493005 (V.R.); Fax: +39-0984-493271 (V.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar NB, Hogue S, Pow-sang J, Poch M, Manley BJ, Li R, Dhillon J, Yu A, Byrd DA. Effects of Green Tea Catechins on Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention: The Role of the Gut Microbiome. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:3988. [PMID: 36010981 PMCID: PMC9406482 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports green tea catechins (GTCs) in chemoprevention for prostate cancer (PCa), a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality among men. GTCs include (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, which may modulate the molecular pathways implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. Prior studies of GTCs suggested that they are bioavailable, safe, and effective for modulating clinical and biological markers implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. GTCs may be of particular benefit to those with low-grade PCas typically managed with careful monitoring via active surveillance (AS). Though AS is recommended, it has limitations including potential under-grading, variations in eligibility, and anxiety reported by men while on AS. Secondary chemoprevention of low-grade PCas using GTCs may help address these limitations. When administrated orally, the gut microbiome enzymatically transforms GTC structure, altering its bioavailability, bioactivity, and toxicity. In addition to xenobiotic metabolism, the gut microbiome has multiple other physiological effects potentially involved in PCa progression, including regulating inflammation, hormones, and other known/unknown pathways. Therefore, it is important to consider not only the independent roles of GTCs and the gut microbiome in the context of PCa chemoprevention, but how gut microbes may relate to individual responses to GTCs, which, in turn, can enhance clinical decision-making.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mazurakova A, Samec M, Koklesova L, Biringer K, Kudela E, Al-ishaq RK, Pec M, Giordano FA, Büsselberg D, Kubatka P, Golubnitschaja O. Anti-prostate cancer protection and therapy in the framework of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine — comprehensive effects of phytochemicals in primary, secondary and tertiary care. EPMA J. [PMID: 35821883 PMCID: PMC9263437 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-022-00288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
According to the GLOBOCAN 2020, prostate cancer (PCa) is the most often diagnosed male cancer in 112 countries and the leading cancer-related death in 48 countries. Moreover, PCa incidence permanently increases in adolescents and young adults. Also, the rates of metastasising PCa continuously grow up in young populations. Corresponding socio-economic burden is enormous: PCa treatment costs increase more rapidly than for any other cancer. In order to reverse current trends in exploding PCa cases and treatment costs, pragmatic decisions should be made, in favour of advanced populational screening programmes and effective anti-PCa protection at the level of the health-to-disease transition (sub-optimal health conditions) demonstrating the highest cost-efficacy of treatments. For doing this, the paradigm change from reactive treatments of the clinically manifested PCa to the predictive approach and personalised prevention is essential. Phytochemicals are associated with potent anti-cancer activity targeting each stage of carcinogenesis including cell apoptosis and proliferation, cancer invasiveness and metastatic disease. For example, their positive effects are demonstrated for stabilising and restoring mitochondrial health quality, which if compromised is strongly associated with sub-optimal health conditions and strong predisposition to aggressive PCa sub-types. Further, phytochemicals significantly enhance response of cancer cells to anti-cancer therapies including radio- and chemotherapy. Evident plant-based mitigation of negative side-effects frequently observed for conventional anti-cancer therapies has been reported. Finally, dual anti-cancer and anti-viral effects of phytochemicals such as these of silibinin have been demonstrated as being highly relevant for improved PCa management at the level of secondary and tertiary care, for example, under pandemic conditions, since PCa-affected individuals per evidence are highly vulnerable towards COVID-19 infection. Here, we present a comprehensive data analysis towards clinically relevant anti-cancer effects of phytochemicals to be considered for personalised anti-PCa protection in primary care as well as for an advanced disease management at the level of secondary and tertiary care in the framework of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine.
Collapse
|
7
|
Li J, Du L, He JN, Chu KO, Guo CL, Wong MOM, Pang CP, Chu WK. Anti-inflammatory Effects of GTE in Eye Diseases. Front Nutr 2021; 8:753955. [PMID: 34966770 PMCID: PMC8711650 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.753955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocular inflammation is a common complication of various eye diseases with wide consequences from irritations to potentially sight-threatening complications. Green tea is a popular beverage throughout the world. One of the proven health benefits of consuming green tea extract (GTE) is anti-inflammation. Catechins are the biologically active constituents of GTE. In in vitro and in vivo studies, GTE and catechins present inhibition of inflammatory responses in the development of ocular inflammation including infectious, non-infectious or autoimmune, and oxidative-induced complications. Research on the ocular inflammation in animal models has made significant progress in the past decades and several key disease mechanisms have been identified. Here we review the experimental investigations on the effects of GTE and catechins on various ocular inflammation related diseases including glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, uveitis and ocular surface inflammation. We also review the pharmacokinetics of GTE constituents and safety of green tea consumption. We discuss the insights and perspectives of these experimental results, which would be useful for future development of novel therapeutics in human.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lin Du
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing Na He
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai On Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cosmos Liutao Guo
- Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mandy Oi Man Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai Kit Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Galván-Portillo M, Vázquez-Salas RA, Hernández-Pérez JG, Blanco-Muñoz J, López-Carrillo L, Torres-Sánchez L. Dietary flavonoid patterns and prostate cancer: evidence from a Mexican population-based case-control study. Br J Nutr 2021; 127:1-9. [PMID: 34256878 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521002646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a broad group of bioactive compounds with anticarcinogenic effects on the prostate that have been scarcely evaluated in Latin American populations. Our objective was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns of flavonoid intake and prostate cancer (PC) in a population-based case-control study carried out in Mexico City. Based on a semi-quantitative FFQ with a frame reference of 3 years before diagnosis or interview, we used an updated database for estimating the daily intake (mg/d) of flavones, flavonols and flavanols for 395 confirmed incident PC cases and 797 population controls matched by age (± 5 years). Histological PC differentiation was evaluated using the Gleason score at diagnosis. Flavonoid dietary intake patterns (FDIP) were determined through principal component analysis, and their association with PC was estimated using logistic regression models. Three FDIP were identified: gallate pattern (GP) characterised by (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate and (+)-gallocatechin; luteolin pattern (LP) characterised by luteolin and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate; and a mixed pattern (MP) that included (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and quercetin. A higher GP (ORT3 v.T1 = 0·47; 95 % CI 0·33, 0·66) and LP intake (ORT3 v. T1 = 0·39; 95 % CI 0·27, 0·59) were associated with a decreased PC likelihood. In contrast, a higher MP intake (ORT3 v. T1 = 2·32; 95 % CI 1·67, 3·23) increased PC likelihood. The possible differential and synergistic anticarcinogenic role of flavonoid compounds in PC deserves further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Galván-Portillo
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Av. Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, CP 62100Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ruth Argelia Vázquez-Salas
- National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT), National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Av. Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera. CP 62100Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jesús Gibran Hernández-Pérez
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Av. Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, CP 62100Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Julia Blanco-Muñoz
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Av. Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, CP 62100Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Lizbeth López-Carrillo
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Av. Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, CP 62100Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Luisa Torres-Sánchez
- Center for Population Health Research, National Institute of Public Health of Mexico, Av. Universidad No. 655, Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, CP 62100Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin YH, Wang CC, Lin YH, Chen BH. Preparation of Catechin Nanoemulsion from Oolong Tea Leaf Waste and Its Inhibition of Prostate Cancer Cells DU-145 and Tumors in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:3260. [PMID: 34071530 PMCID: PMC8198853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer activity of catechin nanoemulsions prepared from Oolong tea leaf waste was studied on prostate cancer cells DU-145 and DU-145-induced tumors in mice. Catechin nanoemulsions composed of lecithin, Tween-80 and water in an appropriate proportion was prepared with high stability, particle size of 11.3 nm, zeta potential of -67.2 mV and encapsulation efficiency of 83.4%. Catechin nanoemulsions were more effective than extracts in inhibiting DU-145 cell growth, with the IC50 being 13.52 and 214.6 μg/mL, respectively, after 48 h incubation. Furthermore, both catechin nanoemulsions and extracts could raise caspase-8, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities for DU-145 cell apoptosis, arresting the cell cycle at S and G2/M phases. Compared to control, catechin nanoemulsion at 20 μg/mL and paclitaxel at 10 μg/mL were the most effective in reducing tumor volume by 41.3% and 52.5% and tumor weight by 77.5% and 90.6% in mice, respectively, through a decrease in EGF and VEGF levels in serum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiang Lin
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Chung Wang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Ying-Hung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (C.-C.W.); (Y.-H.L.)
| | - Bing-Huei Chen
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mihanfar A, Nouri M, Roshangar L, Khadem-Ansari MH. Polyphenols: Natural compounds with promising potential in treating polycystic ovary syndrome. Reprod Biol 2021; 21:100500. [PMID: 33878526 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2021.100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are natural compounds used by plants as a defense system against various stresses. In recent years, the importance of these polyhydroxyphenols has extensively increased due to their potent cardioprotection, anti-carcinogenic, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, various studies have reported promising results from the studies investigating their efficacy as a therapeutic strategy in various disorders such as human malignancies, cardiovascular diseases, nervous system impairments, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, aging, and inflammation-associated disorders, as well as a polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Since oxidative stress, hormonal, metabolic, and endocrine disturbances have been shown to play a crucial role in the initiation/progression of PCOS, polyphenols are suggested to be an effective treatment for this disorder. Therefore, this study aimed to discuss the therapeutic potential of multiple polyphenols in PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aynaz Mihanfar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz, Iran; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cui Z, Enjome Djocki AV, Yao J, Wu Q, Zhang D, Nan S, Gao J, Li C. COSMO-SAC-supported evaluation of natural deep eutectic solvents for the extraction of tea polyphenols and process optimization. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
13
|
Abstract
The effects of the added β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in the tea infusion extraction on color quality of green tea (Camellia sinensis) infusion have been investigated in detail. Due to the added β-CD, the color of the tea infusion can be brightened effectively, and meanwhile, compared to conventional extraction, the retentions of tea polyphenols, catechins, and chlorophyll have also been proved to be increased greatly. Furthermore, the additive β-CD can also increase the viscosity of the tea infusion. In addition, the existing β-CD can lower the oxygen solubility ratio in tea infusions effectively, from which a high-quality tea infusion can be prepared ready for further processing.
Collapse
|
14
|
Beynon RA, Richmond RC, Santos Ferreira DL, Ness AR, May M, Smith GD, Vincent EE, Adams C, Ala‐Korpela M, Würtz P, Soidinsalo S, Metcalfe C, Donovan JL, Lane AJ, Martin RM. Investigating the effects of lycopene and green tea on the metabolome of men at risk of prostate cancer: The ProDiet randomised controlled trial. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:1918-1928. [PMID: 30325021 PMCID: PMC6491994 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Lycopene and green tea consumption have been observationally associated with reduced prostate cancer risk, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. We investigated the effect of factorial randomisation to a 6-month lycopene and green tea dietary advice or supplementation intervention on 159 serum metabolite measures in 128 men with raised PSA levels (but prostate cancer-free), analysed by intention-to-treat. The causal effects of metabolites modified by the intervention on prostate cancer risk were then assessed by Mendelian randomisation, using summary statistics from 44,825 prostate cancer cases and 27,904 controls. The systemic effects of lycopene and green tea supplementation on serum metabolic profile were comparable to the effects of the respective dietary advice interventions (R2 = 0.65 and 0.76 for lycopene and green tea respectively). Metabolites which were altered in response to lycopene supplementation were acetate [β (standard deviation difference vs. placebo): 0.69; 95% CI = 0.24, 1.15; p = 0.003], valine (β: -0.62; -1.03, -0.02; p = 0.004), pyruvate (β: -0.56; -0.95, -0.16; p = 0.006) and docosahexaenoic acid (β: -0.50; -085, -0.14; p = 0.006). Valine and diacylglycerol were lower in the lycopene dietary advice group (β: -0.65; -1.04, -0.26; p = 0.001 and β: -0.59; -1.01, -0.18; p = 0.006). A genetically instrumented SD increase in pyruvate increased the odds of prostate cancer by 1.29 (1.03, 1.62; p = 0.027). An intervention to increase lycopene intake altered the serum metabolome of men at risk of prostate cancer. Lycopene lowered levels of pyruvate, which our Mendelian randomisation analysis suggests may be causally related to reduced prostate cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhona A. Beynon
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Rebecca C. Richmond
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Diana L. Santos Ferreira
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew R. Ness
- The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Bristol Biomedical Research CentreUpper Maudlin Street, BristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Margaret May
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - George Davey Smith
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Emma E. Vincent
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- School of Cellular and Molecular MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Charleen Adams
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Mika Ala‐Korpela
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Computational MedicineUniversity of Oulu and Biocenter OuluOuluFinland
- NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of PharmacyUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland
- Systems EpidemiologyBaker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health SciencesThe Alfred Hospital, Monash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Peter Würtz
- Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and ObesityUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Nightingale Health Ltd.HelsinkiFinland
| | | | - Christopher Metcalfe
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration, School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Jenny L. Donovan
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Athene J. Lane
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration, School of Social and Community MedicineUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard M. Martin
- Present address:
Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical SchoolUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wei R, Mao L, Xu P, Zheng X, Hackman RM, Mackenzie GG, Wang Y. Suppressing glucose metabolism with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) reduces breast cancer cell growth in preclinical models. Food Funct 2019; 9:5682-5696. [PMID: 30310905 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies propose that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), an abundant polyphenol in green tea, has anti-cancer properties. However, its mechanism of action in breast cancer remains unclear. This study investigated the capacity of EGCG to suppress breast cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo, characterizing the underlying mechanisms, focusing on the effect of EGCG on glucose metabolism. EGCG reduced breast cancer 4T1 cell growth in a concentration- (10-320 μM) and time- (12-48 h) dependent manner. EGCG induced breast cancer apoptotic cell death at 24 h, as evidenced by annexin V/PI, caspase 3, caspase 8 and caspase 9 activation. Furthermore, EGCG affected the expression of 16 apoptosis-related genes, and promoted mitochondrial depolarization. EGCG induced autophagy concentration-dependently in 4T1 cells by modulating the levels of the autophagy-related proteins Beclin1, ATG5 and LC3B. Moreover, EGCG affected glucose, lactate and ATP levels. Mechanistically, EGCG significantly inhibited the activities and mRNA levels of the glycolytic enzymes hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and to a lesser extent the activity of pyruvate kinase (PK). In addition, EGCG decreased the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), critical players in regulating glycolysis. In vivo, EGCG reduced breast tumor weight in a dose-dependent manner, reduced glucose and lactic acid levels and reduced the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In conclusion, EGCG exerts an anti-tumor effect through the inhibition of key enzymes that participate in the glycolytic pathway and the suppression of glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- Institute of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Miyata Y, Shida Y, Hakariya T, Sakai H. Anti-Cancer Effects of Green Tea Polyphenols Against Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2019; 24:E193. [PMID: 30621039 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men. Green tea consumption is reported to play an important role in the prevention of carcinogenesis in many types of malignancies, including prostate cancer; however, epidemiological studies show conflicting results regarding these anti-cancer effects. In recent years, in addition to prevention, many investigators have shown the efficacy and safety of green tea polyphenols and combination therapies with green tea extracts and anti-cancer agents in in vivo and in vitro studies. Furthermore, numerous studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer effects of green tea extracts. We believe that improved understanding of the detailed pathological roles at the molecular level is important to evaluate the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. Therefore, in this review, we present current knowledge regarding the anti-cancer effects of green tea extracts in the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer, with a particular focus on the molecular mechanisms of action, such as influencing tumor growth, apoptosis, androgen receptor signaling, cell cycle, and various malignant behaviors. Finally, the future direction for the use of green tea extracts as treatment strategies in patients with prostate cancer is introduced.
Collapse
|
17
|
Dong J, Zhang X, Qu C, Rong X, Liu J, Qu Y. Structural characterization of Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) oligopeptides and the detection of their capability in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells: induction of apoptosis. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8300-8309. [PMID: 35518675 PMCID: PMC9061805 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oligopeptides are rarely reported from Chinese herbal medicine because they are often present in very low concentrations in a complex matrix. Twenty-eight oligopeptides were recently identified by high-performance liquid chromatography and quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS) from Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), and a septapeptide, FHGKGHE (Phe-His-Gly-Lys-Gly-His-Glu), named MCLO-12, showed the best anticancer activity against the non-small cell lung cancer A549 cell line in vitro, with an IC50 value of 21.4 ± 2.21 mM. The anti-proliferative activity assay results showed that MCLO-12 induced apoptosis of A549 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment of the cells with MCLO-12 (10.7–42.8 mM mL−1) caused strong intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) up-regulating activities and activated caspase expression. MCLO-12 also suppressed the Trx system and subsequently activated a number of Trx-dependent pathways, including the ASK1, MAPK-p38 and JNK pathways. Thus, our research provides a good reference point for anti-NSCLC research into oligopeptides. MCLO-12 induced apoptosis by up-regulating the ROS, activating the caspases expressions, suppressing the Trx system and subsequently activating a number of Trx-dependent pathways.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
| | - Xianxin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital
- Jinan
- China
| | - Chunxiao Qu
- Department of Pharmacy
- Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital
- Jinan
- China
| | - Xuedong Rong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital
- Jinan
- China
| | - Jie Liu
- The Research Center of Allergy & Immunology
- Shenzhen University School of Medicine
- Shenzhen
- China
| | - Yiqing Qu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University
- Jinan
- China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kumar NB, Dickinson SI, Schell MJ, Manley BJ, Poch MA, Pow-Sang J. Green tea extract for prevention of prostate cancer progression in patients on active surveillance. Oncotarget 2018; 9:37798-37806. [PMID: 30701033 PMCID: PMC6340872 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Active surveillance (AS) has evolved as a management strategy for men with low grade prostate cancer (PCa). However, these patients report anxiety, doubts about the possible progression of the disease as well as higher decisional conflict regarding selection of active surveillance, and have been reported to ultimately opt for treatment without any major change in tumor characteristics. Currently, there is a paucity of research that systematically examines alternate strategies for this target population. Methods We conducted a review the evidence from epidemiological, in vitro, preclinical and early phase trials that have evaluated green tea catechins (GTC) for secondary chemoprevention of prostate cancer, focused on men opting for active surveillanceof low grade PCa. Results Results of our review of the in vitro, preclinical and phase I-II trials, demonstrates that green tea catechins (GTC) can modulate several relevant intermediate biological intermediate endpoint biomarkers implicated in prostate carcinogenesis as well as clinical progression of PCa, without major side effects. Discussion Although clinical trials using GTC have been evaluated in early phase trials in men diagnosed with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia, Atypical Small Acinar Proliferation and in men with localized disease before prostatectomy, the effect of GTC on biological and clinical biomarkers implicated in prostate cancer progression have not been evaluated in this patient population. Conclusion Results of these studies promise to provide a strategy for secondary chemoprevention, reduce morbidities due to overtreatment and improve quality of life in men diagnosed with low-grade PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Cancer Epidemiology, MRC/CANCONT, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Shohreh I Dickinson
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Pathology Anatomic MMG, WCB-GU PROG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Michael J Schell
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Biostatics and Bioinformatics, MRC-BIOSTAT, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Brandon J Manley
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, GU Oncology MMG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Michael A Poch
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, GU Oncology MMG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, GU Oncology MMG, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Reichert CL, Silva DB, Carollo CA, Weffort-Santos AM, Santos CAM. Metabolic profiling and correlation analysis for the determination of killer compounds of proliferating and clonogenic HRT-18 colon cancer cells from Lafoensia pacari. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 224:541-552. [PMID: 29928972 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Lafoensia pacari A. St.-Hil., belonging to the family Lythraceae and popularly known as 'dedaleira' and 'mangava-brava,' is a native tree of the Brazilian Cerrado, and its barks have been traditionally used as a tonic to treat inflammatory conditions, particularly related to gastric ulcers, wounds or fevers and various types of cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY We have previously demonstrated the apoptogenic effects of the methanolic extract of L. pacari using various cancer cell lines. In the present study, this extract has been partitioned into fractions to identify the components that might be responsible for the apoptogenic effects using HRT-18 cells, which have been previously demonstrated to be sensitive to this extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS A standard methanolic extract was prepared and fractionated by centrifugal partition chromatography. The fractions were submitted to cytotoxicity and clonogenic assays to monitor the effects in parallel with LC-DAD-MS and statistical analyses to suggest the potential bioactive compounds. RESULTS Besides ellagic acid, the primary constituent of the plant and also the biomarker of the species, punicalin, pedunculagin and punicalagin isomers, catechin and ellagic acid derivatives were putatively identified. CONCLUSIONS The barks of L. pacari are rich in ellagic acid and various hydrolysable tannins, some of which were reported for the first time in this species, such as punicalagin and ellagitannins. This mixture of substances had the ability to kill proliferating cells and abrogate the growth of clonogenic cells in a similar manner shown by the methanolic extract of our previous study. The collective data reported herein suggest that the biological activities of the L. pacari barks used by population to treat cancer conditions are due to the apoptogenic effects promoted by a mixed content of ellagitannins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Loiva Reichert
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - D B Silva
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Carollo
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais e Espectrometria de Massas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Almeriane Maria Weffort-Santos
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Licity of Lafoensia pacari preparations and fractions on HRaboratório de Hematologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - C A M Santos
- Departamento de Farmácia, Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common gynecological cancer worldwide. Although prophylactic vaccination presents the most effective method for cervical cancer prevention, chemotherapy is still the primary invasive intervention. It is urgent to exploit low-toxic natural anticancer drugs on account of high cytotoxicity and side-effects of conventional agents. As a natural product, (-)-epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) has abilities in anti-proliferation, anti-metastasis and pro-apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Moreover, EGCG also has pharmaceutical synergistic effects with conventional agents such as cisplatin (CDDP) and bleomycin (BLM). The underlying mechanisms of EGCG suppressive effects on cervical cancer are reviewed in this article. Further research directions and ambiguous results are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Qi Wang
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, # 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jian-Liang Lu
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, # 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Yue-Rong Liang
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, # 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qing-Sheng Li
- Tea Research Institute, Zhejiang University, # 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
White JD, Lin H, Jia L, Wu RS, Lam S, Li J, Dou J, Kumar N, Lin L, Lao L. Proceedings of the Strategy Meeting for the Development of an International Consortium for Chinese Medicine and Cancer. J Glob Oncol 2017; 3:814-822. [PMID: 29244995 PMCID: PMC5735960 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.2016.005710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
On November 3, 2014, in Bethesda, MD, the Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine of the National Cancer Institute held a meeting to examine the potential utility and feasibility of establishing an international consortium for Chinese medicine and cancer. There is significant interest in the West in using components of Chinese medicine (CM) -such as botanicals and herbal medicines, acupuncture and acupressure, and qigong-in the field of oncology, as potential anticancer agents, for symptom management, and to improve quality of life. The proposal for a consortium on CM came from the Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, with the aims of improving scientific communications and collaborations and modernizing the studies of CM for cancer. The US National Cancer Institute's Office of Cancer Complementary and Alternative Medicine agreed to work with Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences to explore the feasibility of establishing an international consortium for Chinese medicine and cancer. At the meeting, participants from the United States, China, Canada, Australia, and Korea discussed issues in CM and cancer research, treatment, and management, including potential mechanisms of action, proof of efficacy, adverse effects, regulatory issues, and the need for improving the quality of randomized clinical trials of CM treatments and supportive care interventions. Presented in these proceedings are some of the main issues and opportunities discussed by workshop participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D. White
- Jeffrey D. White, Libin Jia, and Roy S. Wu, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; Jinhui Dou, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD; Hongsheng Lin and Jie Li, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing; Lizhu Lin, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou; Lixing Lao, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; Stephen Lam, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Nagi Kumar, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Hongsheng Lin
- Jeffrey D. White, Libin Jia, and Roy S. Wu, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; Jinhui Dou, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD; Hongsheng Lin and Jie Li, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing; Lizhu Lin, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou; Lixing Lao, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; Stephen Lam, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Nagi Kumar, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Libin Jia
- Jeffrey D. White, Libin Jia, and Roy S. Wu, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; Jinhui Dou, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD; Hongsheng Lin and Jie Li, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing; Lizhu Lin, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou; Lixing Lao, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; Stephen Lam, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Nagi Kumar, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Roy S. Wu
- Jeffrey D. White, Libin Jia, and Roy S. Wu, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; Jinhui Dou, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD; Hongsheng Lin and Jie Li, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing; Lizhu Lin, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou; Lixing Lao, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; Stephen Lam, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Nagi Kumar, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Stephen Lam
- Jeffrey D. White, Libin Jia, and Roy S. Wu, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; Jinhui Dou, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD; Hongsheng Lin and Jie Li, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing; Lizhu Lin, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou; Lixing Lao, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; Stephen Lam, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Nagi Kumar, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Jie Li
- Jeffrey D. White, Libin Jia, and Roy S. Wu, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; Jinhui Dou, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD; Hongsheng Lin and Jie Li, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing; Lizhu Lin, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou; Lixing Lao, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; Stephen Lam, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Nagi Kumar, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Jinhui Dou
- Jeffrey D. White, Libin Jia, and Roy S. Wu, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; Jinhui Dou, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD; Hongsheng Lin and Jie Li, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing; Lizhu Lin, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou; Lixing Lao, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; Stephen Lam, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Nagi Kumar, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Nagi Kumar
- Jeffrey D. White, Libin Jia, and Roy S. Wu, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; Jinhui Dou, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD; Hongsheng Lin and Jie Li, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing; Lizhu Lin, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou; Lixing Lao, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; Stephen Lam, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Nagi Kumar, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Lizhu Lin
- Jeffrey D. White, Libin Jia, and Roy S. Wu, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; Jinhui Dou, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD; Hongsheng Lin and Jie Li, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing; Lizhu Lin, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou; Lixing Lao, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; Stephen Lam, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Nagi Kumar, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Lixing Lao
- Jeffrey D. White, Libin Jia, and Roy S. Wu, National Cancer Institute, Rockville; Jinhui Dou, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD; Hongsheng Lin and Jie Li, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing; Lizhu Lin, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou; Lixing Lao, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China; Stephen Lam, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and Nagi Kumar, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kumar NB, Patel R, Pow-Sang J, Spiess PE, Salup R, Williams CR, Schell MJ. Long-term supplementation of decaffeinated green tea extract does not modify body weight or abdominal obesity in a randomized trial of men at high risk for prostate cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99093-99103. [PMID: 29228755 PMCID: PMC5716795 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence continues to demonstrate the role of obesity in prostate carcinogenesis and prognosis, underscoring the need to identify and continue to evaluate the effective interventions to reduce obesity in populations at high risk. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of daily consumption of decaffeinated green tea catechins (GTC) formulation (Polyphenon E® (PolyE)) for 1 year on biomarkers of obesity in men who are at high risk for prostate cancer. Materials and Methods A randomized, double-blinded trial was conducted targeting 97 men diagnosed with HGPIN or ASAP. Subjects were randomized to receive GTC (PolyE) (n = 49) or placebo (n = 48) for 1 year. Anthropometric data were collected at baseline, 6 and 12 months and data analyzed to observe change in weight, body mass index (indicator of obesity) and waist: hip ratio (indicator of abdominal obesity). Results Decaffeinated GTC containing 400 mgs of the bioactive catechin, EGCG administered for 1 year to men diagnosed with ASAP and HGPIN appears to be bioavailable, well tolerated but not effective in reducing biomarkers of obesity including body weight, body mass index and waist: hip ratio. Conclusions The results of our trial demonstrates that men who are obese and at high risk for prostate cancer should resort to effective weight management strategies to reduce obesity and not resort to ineffective measures such as taking supplements of green tea to reduce biomarkers of obesity. Changes in body mass index and abdominal obesity seen in other studies were potentially due to caffeine and not GTC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., MRC/CANCONT, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Roshni Patel
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., MRC/CANCONT, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., WCB-GU PROG, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Philippe E Spiess
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., WCB-GU PROG, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Raoul Salup
- James A Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Christopher R Williams
- Urologic Oncology, Research, and Robotic Surgery, University of Florida and Shands Medical Center, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Michael J Schell
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., MRC/BIOSTAT, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Castelli T, Russo GI, Reale G, Privitera S, Chisari M, Fragalà E, Favilla V, Cimino S, Morgia G. Metabolic syndrome and prostatic disease: potentially role of polyphenols in preventive strategies. A review. Int Braz J Urol 2017; 42:422-30. [PMID: 27286103 PMCID: PMC4920557 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2015.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer are two common urological diseases of the elderly. Scientific community has always looked for a link that could explain the correlation between the two diseases and the role of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of BPH and PCa. As shown by the reports of the two diseases relationship with oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome, the use of compounds with antioxidant action could therefore affect both the symptoms and their onset. Polyphenols appear to act not only against oxidative stress but also at different levels. The aim of this review is to evaluate the role of the most important polyphenols on these two urological diseases. As antioxidants these compounds seems to have a direct action on the cell cycle and hormone function, important for both prostate cancer and BPH. Despite a large number of articles about the relationship of the polyphenols with prostate cancer, very little evidence exists for BPH. Additional clinical trials or meta-analysis are necessary on this topic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Castelli
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Giorgio Ivan Russo
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Giulio Reale
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Salvatore Privitera
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Mario Chisari
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Eugenia Fragalà
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Vincenzo Favilla
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Sebastiano Cimino
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| | - Giuseppe Morgia
- Dipartimento di Urologia, Facoltà di Medicina Policlinico, Università di Catania, Italia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Naponelli V, Ramazzina I, Lenzi C, Bettuzzi S, Rizzi F. Green Tea Catechins for Prostate Cancer Prevention: Present Achievements and Future Challenges. Antioxidants (Basel) 2017; 6:antiox6020026. [PMID: 28379200 PMCID: PMC5488006 DOI: 10.3390/antiox6020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea catechins (GTCs) are a family of chemically related compounds usually classified as antioxidant molecules. Epidemiological evidences, supported by interventional studies, highlighted a more than promising role for GTCs in human prostate cancer (PCa) chemoprevention. In the last decades, many efforts have been made to gain new insights into the mechanism of action of GTCs. Now it is clear that GTCs' anticancer action can no longer be simplistically limited to their direct antioxidant/pro-oxidant properties. Recent contributions to the advancement of knowledge in this field have shown that GTCs specifically interact with cellular targets, including cell surface receptors, lipid rafts, and endoplasmic reticulum, modulate gene expression through direct effect on transcription factors or indirect epigenetic mechanisms, and interfere with intracellular proteostasis at various levels. Many of the effects observed in vitro are dose and cell context dependent and take place at concentrations that cannot be achieved in vivo. Poor intestinal absorption together with an extensive systemic and enteric metabolism influence GTCs' bioavailability through still poorly understood mechanisms. Recent efforts to develop delivery systems that increase GTCs' overall bioavailability, by means of biopolymeric nanoparticles, represent the main way to translate preclinical results in a real clinical scenario for PCa chemoprevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Naponelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, Parma 43124, Italy.
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Rome 00136, Italy.
- Fondazione Umberto Veronesi, Piazza Velasca 5, Milan 20122, Italy.
| | - Ileana Ramazzina
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, Parma 43124, Italy.
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Rome 00136, Italy.
| | - Chiara Lenzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
| | - Saverio Bettuzzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, Parma 43124, Italy.
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Rome 00136, Italy.
| | - Federica Rizzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, Parma 43126, Italy.
- Centre for Molecular and Translational Oncology (COMT), University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11/a, Parma 43124, Italy.
- National Institute of Biostructure and Biosystems (INBB), Viale Medaglie d'Oro 305, Rome 00136, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
|
26
|
Kumar NB, Pow-Sang JM, Spiess PE, Park JY, Chornokur G, Leone AR, Phelan CM. Chemoprevention in African American Men With Prostate Cancer. Cancer Control 2017; 23:415-423. [PMID: 27842331 DOI: 10.1177/107327481602300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recommendations for cancer screening are uncertain for the early detection or prevention of prostate cancer in African American men. Thus, chemoprevention strategies are needed to specifically target African American men. METHODS The evidence was examined on the biological etiology of disparities in African Americans related to prostate cancer. Possible chemopreventive agents and biomarkers critical to prostate cancer in African American men were also studied. RESULTS High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia may be more prevalent in African American men, even after controlling for age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, abnormal results on digital rectal examination, and prostate volume. Prostate cancer in African American men can lead to the overexpression of signaling receptors that may mediate increased proliferation, angiogenesis, and decreased apoptosis. Use of chemopreventive agents may be useful for select populations of men. CONCLUSIONS Green tea catechins are able to target multiple pathways to address the underlying biology of prostate carcinogenesis in African American men, so they may be ideal as a chemoprevention agent in these men diagnosed with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- Department of Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kumar NB, Pow-Sang J, Spiess PE, Park J, Salup R, Williams CR, Parnes H, Schell MJ. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial evaluating the safety of one-year administration of green tea catechins. Oncotarget 2016; 7:70794-70802. [PMID: 28053292 PMCID: PMC5340117 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although preclinical, epidemiological and prior clinical trial data suggest that green tea catechins (GTCs) may reduce prostate cancer (PCa) risk, several preclinical studies and case reports have reported liver toxicities and acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Based on these observations, regulatory bodies have required stringent inclusion criteria with frequent, excessive toxicity monitoring and early stopping rules in clinical trials. These requirements have impeded recruitment and retention of subjects in chemoprevention trials and subsequent progress in agent development efforts. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We conducted a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of Polyphenon E® (PolyE®), a proprietary mixture of decaffeinated GTCs, containing 400 mg (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) per day, in 97 men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and/or atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP). PolyE® containing 200 mg EGCG was administered with food, BID. A secondary study endpoint in this trial was a comparison of the overall one-year treatment related adverse events and grade 3 or higher adverse event on the two study arms. Monthly assessments of toxicity (CTCAE 4.0), concomitant medications and organ function, including hepatic panel, PT/PTT and LDH, were performed. RESULTS Daily intake of a standardized, decaffeinated, catechin mixture containing 200 mg EGCG BID taken with food for 1 year accumulated in plasma and was well tolerated and did not produce treatment related adverse effects in men with baseline HGPIN or ASAP. CONCLUSION The current data provides evidence of safety of decaffeinated, catechin mixture containing 200 mg EGCG BID to be further tested for prostate cancer prevention or other indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B. Kumar
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Philippe E. Spiess
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Genitourinary Oncology, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Jong Park
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| | - Raoul Salup
- University of South Florida College of Medicine, Urology, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Christopher R. Williams
- University of Florida – Jacksonville, UF Health Jacksonville, Urologic Oncology, Jacksonville, FL 32209, USA
| | - Howard Parnes
- National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Prevention, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Michael J. Schell
- Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Inc., Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ullah N, Ahmad M, Aslam H, Tahir MA, Aftab M, Bibi N, Ahmad S. Green tea phytocompounds as anticancer: A review. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(15)61040-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
29
|
Yang AY, Kim H, Li W, Kong ANT. Natural compound-derived epigenetic regulators targeting epigenetic readers, writers and erasers. Curr Top Med Chem 2016; 16:697-713. [PMID: 26306989 PMCID: PMC4955582 DOI: 10.2174/1568026615666150826114359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications can affect gene expression in a long-term manner without changes in the primary nucleotide sequence of the DNA. These epigenetic alterations involve dynamic processes that occur in histones, chromatin-associated proteins and DNA. In response to environmental stimuli, abnormal epigenetic alterations cause disorders in the cell cycle, apoptosis and other cellular processes and thus contribute to the incidence of diverse diseases, including cancers. In this review, we will summarize recent studies focusing on certain epigenetic readers, writers, and erasers associated with cancer development and how newly discovered natural compounds and their derivatives could interact with these targets. These advances provide insights into epigenetic alterations in cancers and the potential utility of these alterations as therapeutic targets for the future development of chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ah-Ng Tony Kong
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Room 228, 160 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Huang H, Chen X, Li D, He Y, Li Y, Du Z, Zhang K, DiPaola R, Goodin S, Zheng X. Combination of α-Tomatine and Curcumin Inhibits Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144293. [PMID: 26630272 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Tomatine is a glycoalkaloid found in tomatoes and curcumin is a major yellow pigment of turmeric. In the present study, the combined effect of these two compounds on prostate cancer cells was studied. Treatment of different prostate cancer cells with curcumin or α-tomatine alone resulted in growth inhibition and apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Combinations of α-tomatine and curcumin synergistically inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis in prostate cancer PC-3 cells. Effects of the α-tomatine and curcumin combination were associated with synergistic inhibition of NF-κB activity and a potent decrease in the expression of its downstream gene Bcl-2 in the cells. Moreover, strong decreases in the levels of phospho-Akt and phosphor-ERK1/2 were found in PC-3 cells treated with α-tomatine and curcumin in combination. In animal experiment, SCID mice with PC-3 xenograft tumors were treated with α-tomatine and curcumin. Combination of α-tomatine and curcumin more potently inhibited the growth of PC-3 tumors than either agent alone. Results from the present study indicate that α-tomatine in combination with curcumin may be an effective strategy for inhibiting the growth of prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
31
|
Kumar NB, Pow-Sang J, Egan KM, Spiess PE, Dickinson S, Salup R, Helal M, McLarty J, Williams CR, Schreiber F, Parnes HL, Sebti S, Kazi A, Kang L, Quinn G, Smith T, Yue B, Diaz K, Chornokur G, Crocker T, Schell MJ. Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Green Tea Catechins for Prostate Cancer Prevention. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:879-87. [PMID: 25873370 PMCID: PMC4596745 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Preclinical, epidemiologic, and prior clinical trial data suggest that green tea catechins (GTC) may reduce prostate cancer risk. We conducted a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of Polyphenon E (PolyE), a proprietary mixture of GTCs, containing 400 mg (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) per day, in 97 men with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) and/or atypical small acinar proliferation (ASAP). The primary study endpoint was a comparison of the cumulative one-year prostate cancer rates on the two study arms. No differences in the number of prostate cancer cases were observed: 5 of 49 (PolyE) versus 9 of 48 (placebo), P = 0.25. A secondary endpoint comparing the cumulative rate of prostate cancer plus ASAP among men with HGPIN without ASAP at baseline, revealed a decrease in this composite endpoint: 3 of 26 (PolyE) versus 10 of 25 (placebo), P < 0.024. This finding was driven by a decrease in ASAP diagnoses on the Poly E (0/26) compared with the placebo arm (5/25). A decrease in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was observed on the PolyE arm [-0.87 ng/mL; 95% confidence intervals (CI), -1.66 to -0.09]. Adverse events related to the study agent did not significantly differ between the two study groups. Daily intake of a standardized, decaffeinated catechin mixture containing 400 mg EGCG per day for 1 year accumulated in plasma and was well tolerated but did not reduce the likelihood of prostate cancer in men with baseline HGPIN or ASAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagi B Kumar
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida.
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- Department of Urology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Kathleen M Egan
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Philippe E Spiess
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Shohreh Dickinson
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Raoul Salup
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Mohamed Helal
- Department of Urology, Tampa Urology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jerry McLarty
- Department of MedicineLSU Health Sciences Center, Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Fred Schreiber
- Watson Clinic-Center for Cancer Care and Research, Lakeland, Florida
| | | | - Said Sebti
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, Florida
| | - Aslam Kazi
- Department of Drug Discovery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, Florida
| | - Loveleen Kang
- James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Gwen Quinn
- Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Tiffany Smith
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Binglin Yue
- Department of Biostatistics Core, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Inc., Tampa, Florida
| | - Karen Diaz
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ganna Chornokur
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Cancer Epidemiology, Tampa, Florida
| | - Theresa Crocker
- Center for Innovation in Disability and Rehabilitation Research, James A. Haley Veterans Administration Hospital, Tampa, Florida
| | - Michael J Schell
- Department of Biostatistics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Lee JC, Chung LC, Chen YJ, Feng TH, Chen WT, Juang HH. Upregulation of B-cell translocation gene 2 by epigallocatechin-3-gallate via p38 and ERK signaling blocks cell proliferation in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. Cancer Lett 2015; 360:310-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
33
|
Pan H, Chen J, Shen K, Wang X, Wang P, Fu G, Meng H, Wang Y, Jin B. Mitochondrial modulation by Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate ameliorates cisplatin induced renal injury through decreasing oxidative/nitrative stress, inflammation and NF-kB in mice. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124775. [PMID: 25875356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy drug cisplatin is known for its nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study is to investigate whether Epigallocatechin 3-Gallate (EGCG) can reduce cisplatin mediated side effect in kidney and to understand its mechanism of protection against tissue injury. We used a well-established 3-day cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity mice model where EGCG were administered. EGCG is a major active compound in Green Tea and have strong anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. EGCG protected against cisplatin induced renal dysfunction as measured by serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). EGCG improved cisplatin induced kidney structural damages such as tubular dilatation, cast formation, granulovaculoar degeneration and tubular cell necrosis as evident by PAS staining. Cisplatin induced kidney specific mitochondrial oxidative stress, impaired activities of mitochondrial electron transport chain enzyme complexes, impaired anti-oxidant defense enzyme activities such as glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in mitochondria, inflammation (tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β), increased accumulation of NF-κB in nuclear fraction, p53 induction, and apoptotic cell death (caspase 3 activity and DNA fragmentation). Treatment of mice with EGCG markedly attenuated cisplatin induced mitochondrial oxidative/nitrative stress, mitochondrial damages to electron transport chain activities and antioxidant defense enzyme activities in mitochondria. These mitochondrial modulations by EGCG led to protection mechanism against cisplatin induced inflammation and apoptotic cell death in mice kidney. As a result, EGCG improved renal function in cisplatin mediated kidney damage. In addition to that, EGCG attenuated cisplatin induced apoptotic cell death and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in human kidney tubular cell line HK-2. Thus, our data suggest that EGCG may represent new promising adjunct candidate for cisplatin.
Collapse
|
34
|
Henning SM, Wang P, Said JW, Huang M, Grogan T, Elashoff D, Carpenter CL, Heber D, Aronson WJ. Randomized clinical trial of brewed green and black tea in men with prostate cancer prior to prostatectomy. Prostate 2015; 75:550-9. [PMID: 25545744 PMCID: PMC4334734 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical and epidemiologic studies suggest chemopreventive effects of green tea (GT) and black tea (BT) in prostate cancer. In the current study we determined the effect of GT and BT consumption on biomarkers related to prostate cancer development and progression. METHODS In this exploratory, open label, phase II trial 113 men diagnosed with prostate cancer were randomized to consume six cups daily of brewed GT, BT or water (control) prior to radical prostatectomy (RP). The primary endpoint was prostate tumor markers of cancer development and progression determined by tissue immunostaining of proliferation (Ki67), apoptosis (Bcl-2, Bax, Tunel), inflammation (nuclear and cytoplasmic nuclear factor kappa B [NFκB]) and oxidation (8-hydroxydeoxy-guanosine [8OHdG]). Secondary endpoints of urinary oxidation, tea polyphenol uptake in prostate tissue, and serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) were evaluated by high performance liquid chromatography and ELISA analysis. RESULTS Ninety three patients completed the intervention. There was no significant difference in markers of proliferation, apoptosis and oxidation in RP tissue comparing GT and BT to water control. Nuclear staining of NFκB was significantly decreased in RP tissue of men consuming GT (P = 0.013) but not BT (P = 0.931) compared to water control. Tea polyphenols were detected in prostate tissue from 32 of 34 men consuming GT but not in the other groups. Evidence of a systemic antioxidant effect was observed (reduced urinary 8OHdG) only with GT consumption (P = 0.03). GT, but not BT or water, also led to a small but statistically significant decrease in serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels (P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Given the GT-induced changes in NFκB and systemic oxidation, and uptake of GT polyphenols in prostate tissue, future longer-term studies are warranted to further examine the role of GT for prostate cancer prevention and treatment, and possibly for other prostate conditions such as prostatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Piwen Wang
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Min Huang
- VA Medical Center Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tristan Grogan
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California Los Angeles
| | - David Elashoff
- Department of Medicine Statistics Core, University of California Los Angeles
| | | | - David Heber
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of California Los Angeles
| | - William J. Aronson
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles
- VA Medical Center Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Singh P, Bast F. High-throughput virtual screening, identification and in vitro biological evaluation of novel inhibitors of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. Med Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-015-1328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
36
|
Xu WW, Li B, Lai ETC, Chen L, Huang JJH, Cheung ALM, Cheung PCK. Water extract from Pleurotus pulmonarius with antioxidant activity exerts in vivo chemoprophylaxis and chemosensitization for liver cancer. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:989-98. [PMID: 25072857 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.936950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemoprophylaxis and chemosensitization are promising strategies to combat human cancers. Natural antioxidant agents show great promise in cancer therapy, and the use of edible mushrooms against cancer is receiving more interest globally. In this study, the radical scavenging activities including diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide were compared among hot water extracts from 3 edible mushrooms, among which Pleurotus pulmonarius (Pp) possessed the highest antioxidant potential. Oral administration of Pp 2 wk in advance could markedly inhibit the incidence and size of tumor (Huh7 liver cancer cells) with an inhibition rate of 93.1% in nude mice. No obvious side effect was observed in the Pp-treated mice as indicated by their body weight and histological analysis of major organs. The cancer prevention by Pp treatment might be explained by the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation indicated by reduction of ki-67 staining and the inactivation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway in the Pp-treated mice. Furthermore, a significant synergistic effect was observed when the mice were treated with a combination of low dose of cisplatin and Pp. Taken together, these results suggest the potential application of Pp as an adjuvant in the chemotherapy of liver cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen Xu
- a School of Life Sciences , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong , China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kim SJ, Amankwah E, Connors S, Park HY, Rincon M, Cornnell H, Chornokur G, Hashim AI, Choi J, Tsai YY, Engelman RW, Kumar N, Park JY. Safety and chemopreventive effect of Polyphenon E in preventing early and metastatic progression of prostate cancer in TRAMP mice. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:435-44. [PMID: 24501325 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0427-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer treatment is often accompanied by untoward side effects. Therefore, chemoprevention to reduce the risk and inhibit the progression of prostate cancer may be an effective approach to reducing disease burden. We investigated the safety and efficacy of Polyphenon E, a green tea extract, in reducing the progression of prostate cancer in transgenic adenocarcinoma of the mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. A total of 119 male TRAMP and 119 C57BL/6J mice were treated orally with one of 3 doses of Polyphenon E (200, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg/day) in drinking water ad libitum replicating human achievable doses. Baseline assessments were performed before treatments. Safety and efficacy assessments during treatments were performed when mice were 12, 22, and 32 weeks old. The number and size of tumors in treated TRAMP mice were significantly decreased compared with untreated animals. In untreated 32 weeks old TRAMP mice, prostate carcinoma metastasis to distant sites was observed in 100% of mice (8/8), compared with 13% of mice (2/16) treated with high-dose Polyphenon E during the same period. Furthermore, Polyphenon E treatment significantly inhibited metastasis in TRAMP mice in a dose-dependent manner (P = 0.0003). Long-term (32 weeks) treatment with Polyphenon E was safe and well tolerated with no evidence of toxicity in C57BL/6J mice. Polyphenon E is an effective chemopreventive agent in preventing the progression of prostate cancer to metastasis in TRAMP mice. Polyphenon E showed no toxicity in these mouse models. Our findings provide additional evidence for the safety and chemopreventive effect of Polyphenon E in preventing metastatic progression of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Joon Kim
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Tea (Camellia sinensis) is a widely consumed beverage and has been extensively studied for its cancer-preventive activity. Both the polyphenolic constituents as well as the caffeine in tea have been implicated as potential cancer-preventive compounds; the relative importance seems to depend on the cancer type. Green tea and the green tea catechin have been shown to inhibit tumorigenesis at a number of organ sites and to be effective when administered either during the initiation or postinitiation phases of carcinogenesis. Black tea, although not as well studied as green tea, has also shown cancer-preventive effects in laboratory models. A number of potential mechanisms have been proposed to account for the cancer-preventive effects of tea, including modulation of phase II metabolism, alterations in redox environment, inhibition of growth factor signaling, and others. In addition to the laboratory studies, there is a growing body of human intervention studies suggesting that tea can slow cancer progression and modify biomarkers relevant to carcinogenesis. Although available data are promising, many questions remain with regard to the dose-response relations of tea constituents in various models, the primary mechanisms of action, and the potential for combination chemoprevention strategies that involve tea as well as other dietary or pharmaceutical agents. The present review examines the available data from laboratory animal and human intervention studies on tea and cancer prevention. These data were evaluated, and areas for further research are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Lambert
- Center of Excellence for Plant and Mushroom Foods for Health, the Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu CM, Chen CY, Lin YW. Estimation of tea catechin levels using micellar electrokinetic chromatography: a quantitative approach. Food Chem 2013; 150:145-50. [PMID: 24360431 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple, inexpensive micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method with UV detection was used to determine seven catechins and one xanthine (caffeine) in tea. All the compounds were successfully separated (15kV) within a 15-min migration period with a high number of theoretical plates (>8.0×10(4)) in a running buffer (pH 7) containing 10mmoll(-1) sodium tetraborate, 4mmoll(-1) sodium phosphate, and 25mmoll(-1) SDS. The regression lines of all standard catechins were linear within the range of 0.03-4μgml(-1). Green tea infused at 95°C for 10min showed higher levels of catechins (especially epigallocatechin galate, epicatechin gallate, and epicatechin) than tea infused at 80°C. In addition, major differences were observed in the levels of catechins in the first and second infusions (both brewed at 95°C for 10min). Finally, green tea leaves were infused separately with tap water, deionised water, spring water, reverse osmosis water, and distilled water at 95°C, and the catechin content of the infusions was investigated by the proposed method. In the infusion brewed with tap water, catechins appeared to be epimerisation from the epistructure to the nonepistructure. This epimerisation may take place more readily in tap water than in distilled water owing to the complexity of the ions present in tap water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ming Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Yang-Wei Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Geybels MS, Neuhouser ML, Wright JL, Stott-Miller M, Stanford JL. Coffee and tea consumption in relation to prostate cancer prognosis. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24:1947-54. [PMID: 23907772 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-013-0270-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioactive compounds found in coffee and tea may delay the progression of prostate cancer. METHODS We investigated associations of pre-diagnostic coffee and tea consumption with risk of prostate cancer recurrence/progression. Study participants were men diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2002-2005 in King County, Washington, USA. We assessed the usual pattern of coffee and tea consumption two years before diagnosis date. Prostate cancer-specific outcome events were identified using a detailed follow-up survey. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The analysis of coffee intake in relation to prostate cancer recurrence/progression included 630 patients with a median follow-up of 6.4 years, during which 140 prostate cancer recurrence/progression events were recorded. Approximately 61 % of patients consumed at least one cup of coffee per day. Coffee consumption was associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer recurrence/progression; the adjusted HR for ≥4 cups/day versus ≤1 cup/week was 0.41 (95 % CI: 0.20, 0.81; p for trend = 0.01). Approximately 14 % of patients consumed one or more cups of tea per day, and tea consumption was unrelated to prostate cancer recurrence/progression. CONCLUSION Results indicate that higher pre-diagnostic coffee consumption is associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer recurrence/progression. This finding will require replication in larger studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milan S Geybels
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
In 2010, in France, 8,790 men died from prostate cancer despite a low and decreasing mortality rate. The individual risk/benefit ratio of prostate cancer screening is the focus of controversy and currently not in favor of a systematic screening program. Therefore, only prevention could reduce incidence, side effects of treatment and related mortality. Interestingly, prostate cancer prevention is also a field of controversy mainly about 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. However, it could be expected that pharmaco- or diet-based prevention will be a huge tool for cancer control, even more for prostate cancer burden. This review comprehensively analyses which molecules or compounds could be used in preventive trials. With regard to pharmaco-prevention, three different kinds of drugs could be identified. First drugs, which aim at mainly or even solely reduce prostate cancer risk such as 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors and selective estrogen receptor modulators. Drugs, which aim at wider preventive impact such as: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or difluoromethylornithine. Lastly, drugs for which reducing prostate cancer incidence is merely a side effect such as statins, metformin or histones desacetylase inhibitors. With regard to diet-based prevention, two main approaches could be identified: aliments and nutriments, on one hand, and vitamin and minerals, on the other. Interestingly if compounds reach experimental plausibility, natural foods or even global diet seem to have a higher impact. Lastly, besides assessment of efficacy, effectiveness required the critical step of compliance, which might actually be the weakest link of the prevention chain.
Collapse
|
42
|
Chornokur G, Kumar NB. Prostate cancer chemoprevention in men of African descent: current state of the art and opportunities for future research. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24:1465-80. [PMID: 23737026 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-013-0241-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in men. However, African American/Black men are 60 % more likely to be diagnosed with and 2.4 times more likely to die from prostate cancer, compared to Non-Hispanic White men. Despite the increased burden of this malignancy, no evidence-based recommendation regarding prostate cancer screening exists for the high-risk population. Moreover, in addition to screening and detection, African American men may constitute a prime population for chemoprevention. Early detection and chemoprevention may thus represent an integral part of prostate cancer control in this population. Importantly, recent research has elucidated biological differences in the prostate tumors of African American compared to European American men. The latter may enable a more favorable response in African American men to specific chemopreventive agents that target relevant signal transduction pathways. Based on this evolving evidence, the aims of this review are threefold. First, we aim to summarize the biological differences that were reported in the prostate tumors of African American and European American men. Second, we will review the single- and multi-target chemopreventive agents placing specific emphasis on the pathways implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. And lastly, we will discuss the most promising nutraceutical chemopreventive compounds. Our review underscores the promise of chemoprevention in prostate cancer control, as well as provides justification for further investment in this filed to ultimately reduce prostate cancer morbidity and mortality in this high-risk population of African American men.
Collapse
|
43
|
Das TP, Suman S, Damodaran C. Induction of reactive oxygen species generation inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and promotes growth arrest in prostate cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2013; 53:537-47. [PMID: 23475579 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one causative factor of the pathogenesis and aggressiveness of most of the cancer types, including prostate cancer (CaP). A moderate increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces cell proliferation whereas excessive amounts of ROS promote apoptosis. In this study, we explored the pro-oxidant property of 3,9-dihydroxy-2-prenylcoumestan (psoralidin [pso]), a dietary agent, on CaP (PC-3 and C4-2B) cells. Pso greatly induced ROS generation (more than 20-fold) that resulted in the growth inhibition of CaP cells. Overexpression of anti-oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), SOD2, and catalase, or pretreatment with the pharmacological inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated both pso-mediated ROS generation and pso-mediated growth inhibition in CaP cells. Furthermore, pso administration significantly inhibited the migratory and invasive property of CaP cells by decreasing the transcription of β-catenin, and slug, which promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and by concurrently inducing E-cadherin expression in CaP cells. Pso-induced ROS generation in CaP cells resulted in loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome-c release, and activation of caspase-3 and -9 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), which led to apoptosis. On the other hand, overexpression of anti-oxidants rescued pso-mediated effects on CaP cells. These findings suggest that increasing the threshold of intracellular ROS could prevent or treat CaP growth and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trinath P Das
- Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, Texas
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Folch-Cano C, Guerrero J, Speisky H, Jullian C, Olea-Azar C. NMR and molecular fluorescence spectroscopic study of the structure and thermodynamic parameters of EGCG/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes with potential antioxidant activity. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-013-0297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
45
|
Geybels MS, Neuhouser ML, Stanford JL. Associations of tea and coffee consumption with prostate cancer risk. Cancer Causes Control 2013; 24:941-8. [PMID: 23412806 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-013-0170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tea and coffee contain bioactive compounds and both beverages have recently been associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer (PCa). METHODS We studied associations of tea and coffee consumption with PCa risk in a population-based case-control study from King County, Washington, USA. Prostate cancer cases were diagnosed in 2002-2005 and matched to controls by 5-year age groups. Logistic regression was used to generate odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Among controls, 19 and 58 % consumed at least one cup per day of tea and coffee, respectively. The analysis of tea included 892 cases and 863 controls, and tea consumption was associated with a reduced overall PCa risk with an adjusted OR of 0.63 (95 % CI: 0.45, 0.90; P for trend = 0.02) for men in the highest compared to lowest category of tea intake (≥2 cups/day vs. ≤1 cup/week). Risk estimates did not vary substantially by Gleason grade or disease stage. Coffee consumption was not associated with risk of overall PCa or PCa in subgroups defined by tumor grade or stage. CONCLUSIONS Our results contribute further evidence that tea consumption may be a modifiable exposure that reduces PCa risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milan S Geybels
- Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Tea is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide, and green tea is the least processed from the buds of the Camellia sinensis plant. The most abundant component of green tea is (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which has been the focus of many cell culture, animal and clinical trials, revealing that EGCG possesses antiproliferative, antimutagenic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral and chemopreventive effects. In this review we briefly summarize the mechanism of action(s) of the green tea component EGCG, highlighting recent advances in the epigenetic regulation by EGCG. Additionally, we provide an overview of mouse chemoprevention studies and EGCG chemoprevention clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schramm
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, NY 11439, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
There is a need for developing improved therapeutic options for the management of prostate cancer, able to inhibit proliferation of precancerous and malignant lesions and/or to improve the effectiveness of conventional chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. In this perspective, application of nanotechnology based strategies for the delivery of natural compounds for effective management of the disease is being actively researched. Here, after highlighting the most promising natural compounds for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of prostate cancer, the state of the art nanotherapeutics and the recent proof-of-concept of "nanochemoprevention", as well as the clinical development of promising targeted nanoprototypes for use in the prostate cancer treatment are being discussed.
Collapse
|
48
|
Melnik BC, John SM, Carrera-Bastos P, Cordain L. The impact of cow's milk-mediated mTORC1-signaling in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2012; 9:74. [PMID: 22891897 PMCID: PMC3499189 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-9-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is dependent on androgen receptor signaling and aberrations of the PI3K-Akt-mTORC1 pathway mediating excessive and sustained growth signaling. The nutrient-sensitive kinase mTORC1 is upregulated in nearly 100% of advanced human PCas. Oncogenic mTORC1 signaling activates key subsets of mRNAs that cooperate in distinct steps of PCa initiation and progression. Epidemiological evidence points to increased dairy protein consumption as a major dietary risk factor for the development of PCa. mTORC1 is a master regulator of protein synthesis, lipid synthesis and autophagy pathways that couple nutrient sensing to cell growth and cancer. This review provides evidence that PCa initiation and progression are promoted by cow´s milk, but not human milk, stimulation of mTORC1 signaling. Mammalian milk is presented as an endocrine signaling system, which activates mTORC1, promotes cell growth and proliferation and suppresses autophagy. Naturally, milk-mediated mTORC1 signaling is restricted only to the postnatal growth phase of mammals. However, persistent consumption of cow´s milk proteins in humans provide highly insulinotropic branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) provided by milk´s fast hydrolysable whey proteins, which elevate postprandial plasma insulin levels, and increase hepatic IGF-1 plasma concentrations by casein-derived amino acids. BCAAs, insulin and IGF-1 are pivotal activating signals of mTORC1. Increased cow´s milk protein-mediated mTORC1 signaling along with constant exposure to commercial cow´s milk estrogens derived from pregnant cows may explain the observed association between high dairy consumption and increased risk of PCa in Westernized societies. As well-balanced mTORC1-signaling plays an important role in appropriate prostate morphogenesis and differentiation, exaggerated mTORC1-signaling by high cow´s milk consumption predominantly during critical growth phases of prostate development and differentiation may exert long-term adverse effects on prostate health. Attenuation of mTORC1 signaling by contemporary Paleolithic diets and restriction of dairy protein intake, especially during mTORC1-dependent phases of prostate development and differentiation, may offer protection from the most common dairy-promoted cancer in men of Western societies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bodo C Melnik
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Sedanstrasse 115, Osnabrück, D-49090, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Renno WM, Al-Maghrebi M, Al-Banaw A. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) attenuates functional deficits and morphological alterations by diminishing apoptotic gene overexpression in skeletal muscles after sciatic nerve crush injury. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2012; 385:807-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-012-0758-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
50
|
Kumar N, Crocker T, Smith T, Connors S, Pow-Sang J, Spiess PE, Egan K, Quinn G, Schell M, Sebti S, Kazi A, Chuang T, Salup R, Helal M, Zagaja G, Trabulsi E, McLarty J, Fazili T, Williams CR, Schreiber F, Anderson K. Prostate Cancer Chemoprevention Targeting Men with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (HGPIN) and Atypical Small Acinar Proliferation (ASAP): Model for Trial Design and Outcome Measures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 2. [PMID: 24533253 PMCID: PMC3924733 DOI: 10.4172/jctr.1000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In spite of the large number of nutrient-derived agents demonstrating promise as potential chemopreventive agents, most have failed to prove effectiveness in clinical trials. Critical requirements for moving nutrient-derived agents to recommendation for clinical use include adopting a systematic, molecular-mechanism based approach and utilizing the same ethical and rigorous methods such as are used to evaluate other pharmacological agents. Preliminary data on a mechanistic rationale for chemoprevention activity as observed from epidemiological, in vitro and preclinical studies, phase I data of safety in suitable cohorts, duration of intervention based on time to progression of preneoplastic disease to cancer and the use of a valid panel of biomarkers representing the hypothesized carcinogenesis pathway for measuring efficacy must inform the design of phase II clinical trials. The goal of this paper is to provide a model for evaluating a well characterized agent- Polyphenon E- in a phase II clinical trial of prostate cancer chemoprevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagi Kumar
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA ; Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | - Theresa Crocker
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Tiffany Smith
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA
| | - Shahnjayla Connors
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA ; Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | - Julio Pow-Sang
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA ; Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | - Philippe E Spiess
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA ; Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | - Kathleen Egan
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA ; Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | - Gwen Quinn
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA ; Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | - Michael Schell
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA ; Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | - Said Sebti
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA ; Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | - Aslam Kazi
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA ; Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | - Tian Chuang
- Departments of Epidemiology, Health Outcomes and Behavior, Biostatistics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Florida, USA ; Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | - Raoul Salup
- Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida ; James A. Haley V.A. Hospital, Tampa, FL
| | - Mohamed Helal
- Oncological Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa Florida
| | | | | | - Jerry McLarty
- LSUHSC - Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Shreveport, LA
| | | | | | - Fred Schreiber
- Watson Clinic - Center for Cancer Care & Research, Lakeland, FL
| | | |
Collapse
|