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Zheng Z, Su J, Bao X, Wang H, Bian C, Zhao Q, Jiang X. Mechanisms and applications of radiation-induced oxidative stress in regulating cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1247268. [PMID: 37600785 PMCID: PMC10436604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1247268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is an effective treatment option for cancer patients, which induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and causes oxidative stress (OS), leading to the death of tumor cells. OS not only causes apoptosis, autophagy and ferroptosis, but also affects tumor immune response. The combination of RT and immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of various cancers. In this process, OS caused by ROS plays a critical role. Specifically, RT-induced ROS can promote the release of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), regulate the infiltration and differentiation of immune cells, manipulate the expression of immune checkpoints, and change the tumor immune microenvironment (TME). In this review, we briefly summarize several ways in which IR induces tumor cell death and discuss the interrelationship between RT-induced OS and antitumor immunity, with a focus on the interaction of ferroptosis with immunogenic death. We also summarize the potential mechanisms by which ROS regulates immune checkpoint expression, immune cells activity, and differentiation. In addition, we conclude the therapeutic opportunity improving radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy by regulating OS, which may be beneficial for clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangzhuang Zheng
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Su
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueying Bao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenbin Bian
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology & Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Maurya DK, Sharma D, Sandur SK. Hypoxia induces dichotomous and reversible attenuation of T cell responses through reactive oxygen species-dependent phenotype redistribution and delay in lymphoblast proliferation. Free Radic Res 2023; 57:1-13. [PMID: 36947008 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2178918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
As T cells transit between blood, lymphoid organs, and peripheral tissues, they experience varied levels of oxygen/hypoxia in inflamed tissues, skin, intestinal lining, and secondary lymphoid organs. Critical illness among COVID-19 patients is also associated with transient hypoxia and attenuation of T cell responses. Hypoxia is the fulcrum of altered metabolism, impaired functions, and cessation of growth of a subset of T cells. However, the restoration of normal T cell functions following transient hypoxia and kinetics of their phenotype-redistribution is not completely understood. Here, we sought to understand kinetics and reversibility of dichotomous T cell responses under sustained and transient hypoxia. We found that a subset of activated T cells accumulated as lymphoblasts under hypoxia. Further, T cells showed the normal expression of activation markers CD25 and CD69 and inflammatory cytokine secretion but a subset exhibited delayed cell proliferation under hypoxia. Increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cytosol and mitochondria were seen during dichotomous and reversible attenuation of T cell response under hypoxia. Cell cycle analysis revealed maximum levels of cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS in dividing T cells (in S, G2, or M phase). Hypoxic T cells also showed specific attenuation of activation induced memory phenotype conversion without affecting naïve and activated T cells. Hypoxia-related attenuation of T cell proliferation was also found to be reversible in an allogeneic leukocyte specific mixed lymphocyte reaction assay. In summary, our results show that hypoxia induces a reversible delay in proliferation of a subset of T cells which is associated with obliteration of memory phenotype and specific increase in cytosolic/mitochondrial ROS levels in actively dividing subpopulation. Thus, the transient reoxygenation of hypoxic patients may restore normal T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmendra Kumar Maurya
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Sandur
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bio-Science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Petrarca C, Viola D. Redox Remodeling by Nutraceuticals for Prevention and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12. [PMID: 36670995 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant-rich dietary regimens are considered the best practice to maintain health, control inflammation, and prevent inflammatory diseases. Yet, nutraceuticals as food supplements are self-prescribed and purchasable over the counter by healthy individuals for the purpose of beneficial effects on fitness and aging. Hence, the effectiveness, safety, and correct intake of these compounds need to be better explored. Since redox-modulating activity of these compounds appears to be involved in activation and or suppression of immune cells, the preventive use of nutraceuticals is very attractive even for healthy people. This review focuses on redox- and immunomodulating nutraceuticals in the context of diabetes mellitus (DM). In fact, DM is an illustrative disease of latent and predictable inflammatory pathogenetic processes set out and sustained by oxidative stress. DM has been thoroughly investigated through in vitro and in vivo models. Furthermore, human DM is characterized by uncontrolled levels of glucose, a pivotal factor shaping immune responses. Hence, antioxidant nutraceuticals with multifaced activities, including glucose keeping, are described here. A greater number of such multi-player nutraceuticals might be identified using DM animal models and validated in clinical settings on genetic and environmental high-risk individuals.
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Qiu Y, Ke S, Chen J, Qin Z, Zhang W, Yuan Y, Meng D, Zhao G, Wu K, Li B, Li D. FOXP3+ regulatory T cells and the immune escape in solid tumours. Front Immunol 2022; 13:982986. [PMID: 36569832 PMCID: PMC9774953 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.982986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
FOXP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells play critical roles in establishing the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment, which is achieved and dynamically maintained with the contribution of various stromal and immune cell subsets. However, the dynamics of non-lymphoid FOXP3+ Treg cells and the mutual regulation of Treg cells and other cell types in solid tumour microenvironment remains largely unclear. In this review, we summarize the latest findings on the dynamic connections and reciprocal regulations of non-lymphoid Treg cell subsets in accordance with well-established and new emerging hallmarks of cancer, especially on the immune escape of tumour cells in solid tumours. Our comprehension of the interplay between FOXP3+ Treg cells and key hallmarks of cancer may provide new insights into the development of next-generation engineered T cell-based immune treatments for solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Qiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouyu Ke
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieqiong Chen
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhizhen Qin
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenle Zhang
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaqin Yuan
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dehua Meng
- Department of Orthopedics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kejin Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research, Guanghua Integrative Medicine Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine at Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Li
- Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Abstract
The oxidative state of a critical cysteine residue determines the enzymatic activity of a phosphatase involved in T-cell immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Shumanska
- Molecular Physiology Division, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivan Bogeski
- Molecular Physiology Division, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
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Le Garf S, Sibille B, Mothe-Satney I, Eininger C, Fauque P, Murdaca J, Chinetti G, Neels JG, Rousseau AS. Alpha-lipoic acid supplementation increases the efficacy of exercise- and diet-induced obesity treatment and induces immunometabolic changes in female mice and women. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21312. [PMID: 33742689 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001817rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The decrease in the regulatory T cells (Tregs) population is highly involved in adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity. Tregs depend on fatty acids via β-oxidation for immunosuppressive function adapting their antioxidant systems to allow survival to oxidative stress. In this study, we have hypothesized that a dietary supplementation with alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), a powerful antioxidant, would improve immunometabolism when added to the classical strategy of obesity treatment. First, we showed by in vitro experiments that ALA favors the polarization of mice CD4 + T cells toward Tregs. Next, we have carried out a translational study where female obese mice and women were supplemented with ALA or vehicle/placebo (mice: 2.5 gALA /kgfood ; 6 weeks; women: 600 mgALA /day, 8 weeks) while following a protocol including regular exercise and a change in diet. Fatty acid oxidation potential and activity of nuclear erythroid-related factor 2 (NRF2) of mouse secondary lymphoid tissues were improved by ALA supplementation. ALA reduced visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass and preserved Tregs in VAT in mice. In women, ALA supplementation induced significant metabolic changes of circulating CD4 + T cells including increased oxidative capacity and fatty acid oxidation, ameliorated their redox status, and improved the reduction of visceral fat mass. While appropriate biological markers are still required to be used in clinics to judge the effectiveness of long-term obesity treatment, further studies in female mice and women are needed to determine whether these immunometabolic changes would reduce VAT mass-associated risk for secondary health issues arising from obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaap G Neels
- INSERM, C3M, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
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Demmig-Adams B, López-Pozo M, Stewart JJ, Adams WW. Zeaxanthin and Lutein: Photoprotectors, Anti-Inflammatories, and Brain Food. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163607. [PMID: 32784397 PMCID: PMC7464891 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review compares and contrasts the role of carotenoids across the taxa of life—with a focus on the xanthophyll zeaxanthin (and its structural isomer lutein) in plants and humans. Xanthophylls’ multiple protective roles are summarized, with attention to the similarities and differences in the roles of zeaxanthin and lutein in plants versus animals, as well as the role of meso-zeaxanthin in humans. Detail is provided on the unique control of zeaxanthin function in photosynthesis, that results in its limited availability in leafy vegetables and the human diet. The question of an optimal dietary antioxidant supply is evaluated in the context of the dual roles of both oxidants and antioxidants, in all vital functions of living organisms, and the profound impact of individual and environmental context.
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