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Qadir J, Majid S, Khan MS, Wani MD, Naikoo NA. Vitamin D receptor gene variations and their haplotypic association: Possible impact on gastric cancer risk. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1115-1125. [PMID: 37787272 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1479_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene alterations have been associated with the occurrence and prognosis of various types of cancers, but only few studies have focussed on gastric cancer (GC) risk. Objectives This case-control study was conceived to evaluate possible association of VDR polymorphisms (Fok1, Taq1, and Cdx2) with GC risk. Materials and Methods A total of 293 subjects, including 143 GC patients and 150 controls were included in this study. The genotypes were elucidated by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism followed by DNA sequencing. Results The frequency of Fok1 genotypes (TC and TT) was found higher in GC cases compared to controls (P ≤ 0.05). In the stratified analysis, we observed a significant association of the (CT + TT) variant with GC risk in males, rural dwellers, smokers, and preobese cases, and those having no family history of Gastrointestinal cancer (P ≤ 0.05). In silico analysis predicted that the Fok1 variant impacts the stability and functional efficiency of the protein. Some exact haplotypes (CCG and CCA) of the VDR gene may act as low penetrance alleles in inclination to GC. Conclusion VDR Fok1 polymorphism is significantly associated with GC risk in the Kashmiri population. Specific haplotypes in the VDR gene could act synergistically in the development of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasiya Qadir
- Department of Biochemistry, Associated SMHS and Super Speciality Hospital and Research Centre, Government Medical College, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sabhiya Majid
- Department of Biochemistry, Associated SMHS and Super Speciality Hospital and Research Centre, Government Medical College, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mosin Saleem Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Associated SMHS and Super Speciality Hospital and Research Centre, Government Medical College, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mumtaz Din Wani
- Department of Surgery, Associated SMHS and Super Speciality Hospital, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Niyaz A Naikoo
- Department of Biotechnology, Government College for Women, Cluster University, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Gwenzi T, Schrotz-King P, Schöttker B, Hoffmeister M, Brenner H. Vitamin D Status, Cdx2 Genotype, and Colorectal Cancer Survival: Population-Based Patient Cohort. Nutrients 2023; 15:2717. [PMID: 37375621 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
According to recent evidence, the prognostic value of Vitamin D (VitD) status for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients might be confined to patients with the GG genotype of Cdx2, a functional polymorphism of the VitD receptor gene. We aimed to validate these findings in a cohort of CRC patients. Post-operative serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was determined by mass spectrometry and Cdx2 genotyping was performed from blood or buccal swabs using standard methods. Joint associations of VitD status and Cdx2 with overall survival (OS), CRC-specific survival (CSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were assessed using Cox regression. For patients with GG genotype, adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for the associations of sufficient compared with deficient VitD were 0.63 (0.50-0.78), 0.68 (0.50-0.90), 0.66 (0.51-0.86), and 0.62 (0.50-0.77) for OS, CSS, RFS, and DFS, respectively. These associations were weaker and not statistically significant for the AA/AG genotype. Interaction between VitD status and genotype did not reach statistical significance. VitD deficiency is an independent predictor of poorer survival, particularly for the GG Cdx2 carriers, suggesting a potential role of VitD supplementation according to VitD status and genotype, which should be evaluated in randomised trials.
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Grants
- BR 1704/6-1, BR 1704/6-3, BR 1704/6-4, CH 117/1-1, HO 5117/2-1, HE 5998/2-1, KL 2354/3-1, RO 2270/8-1 and BR 1704/17-1 German Research Council
- 01KH0404, 01ER0814, 01ER0815, 01ER1505A, 01ER1505B and 01KD2104A Interdisciplinary Research Program of the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Germany, and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
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Affiliation(s)
- Tafirenyika Gwenzi
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Schrotz-King
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Schöttker
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
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Mohanrao MD, Senthilvel S, Reddy YR, Kumar CA, Kadirvel P. Amplifluor-Based SNP Genotyping. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2638:191-200. [PMID: 36781643 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3024-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Amplifluor, a genotyping system used to analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), is supplied by Merck-Millipore. Amplifluor is based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with two competing allele-specific primers and a SNP specific common reverse primer. Sequence information flanking SNP of interest and fluorescent plate reader for end-point measurement or qPCR machine for real time measurement are required for the execution of the Amplifluor assay. In this chapter, the principle and working protocol of the Amplifluor assay based on end-point fluorescence detection of SNP allele is presented with an example.
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Yang M, Ji W, Xu N, zong C, Gu J, Guo X, Zhang L. Association of vitamin D receptor polymorphisms with colorectal cancer susceptibility: A systematic meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e32575. [PMID: 36607855 PMCID: PMC9829264 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have reported an association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk; however, the results are controversial. This meta-analysis was performed to investigate whether the Cdx-2, Tru9I, FokI, BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI polymorphisms were correlated with CRC susceptibility. METHODS All potential studies were retrieved by searching the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases through October 2, 2021. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were used to evaluate the correlation between VDR gene Cdx-2, Tru9I, FokI, BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI polymorphisms and CRC risk. RESULTS In this meta-analysis, the BsmI variant was significantly correlated with a lower risk of CRC, especially in Caucasian population (B vs b: OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.90-0.99; BB vs bb: OR 0.88; 95%CI 0.79-0.97; BB vs Bb/bb: BB vs Bb/bb: OR 0.89; 95%CI 0.81-0.98). A statistically significant result from the FokI polymorphism was observed in colon cancer rather than rectal cancer (Ff vs FF: OR 0.86, 95%CI 0.84-0.93; ff/Ff vs FF: OR 0.88, 95%CI 0.79-0.98; ff vs Ff/FF: OR 0.90, 95%CI 0.82-0.99). Similarly, Cdx-2 polymorphism was found to be associated with decreased CRC risk among Africans (C vs c: OR 0.50, 95%CI 0.33-0.75; CC vs cc: OR 0.09, 95%CI 0.01-0.77; Cc vs cc: OR 0.49, 95%CI 0.30-0.81; CC/Cc vs cc: OR 0.45, 95%CI 0.28-0.74,). CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that VDR polymorphisms are significantly associated with CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoquan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wansheng Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- Experimental Center for Medical Research, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ning Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chuanju zong
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jinhua Gu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
- *Correspondence: Li Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China. e-mail:
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Faghfouri AH, Faghfuri E, Maleki V, Payahoo L, Balmoral A, Khaje Bishak Y. A comprehensive insight into the potential roles of VDR gene polymorphism in obesity: a systematic review. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1645-1657. [PMID: 32620057 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1788097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms are believed to be involved in the obesity pathogenesis. This study summarises the results of research concerning the association between VDR polymorphisms and obesity. For this survey, the records of common databases were searched until November 2019. Four loci of the VDR gene in four case-controlled and 22 cross-sectional studies were assessed and evaluated. In the case-control studies, no significant association was observed between ApaI and FokI polymorphism with obesity risk. TaqI "T" allele in two studies was related to a higher risk of obesity. One investigation found no relationship between BsmI and obesity, while another article suggested that the "b" allele is more frequently found in obese subjects. The results of cross-sectional studies did not lead to consistent findings. Although the previous studies failed to arrive at conclusive findings, the effects of VDR polymorphism on obesity development cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elnaz Faghfuri
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Vahid Maleki
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Laleh Payahoo
- Department of Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Yaser Khaje Bishak
- Department of Nutrition, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
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Zhang X, Fang YJ, Feng XL, Abulimiti A, Huang CY, Luo H, Zhang CX. Interactions Between Vitamin D and Calcium Intake, Vitamin D Receptor Genetic Polymorphisms, and Colorectal Cancer Risk. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:1895-905. [PMID: 32627088 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D has anticarcinogenic properties and acts through vitamin D receptor (VDR) to carry out its functions. AIMS This study explored the independent and combined effects of dietary vitamin D and calcium, and VDR genetic polymorphisms on colorectal cancer risk in a Chinese population. METHODS This ongoing case-control study recruited 488 cases with histologically confirmed colorectal cancer and 496 sex- and age-matched controls. Vitamin D and calcium intakes were assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire, and VDR genotype was conducted for Fok I (rs2228570), Bsm I (rs1544410), Apa I (rs7975232), and Taq I (rs731236). Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratio and 95% confidence interval after adjusting for various confounders. RESULTS No significant association was found between Fok I, Bsm I, Apa I, Taq I, and colorectal cancer risk. Higher intakes of dietary vitamin D and calcium were associated with 47% and 50% reduction in colorectal cancer risk. Significant interaction was observed between dietary vitamin D intake and Apa I polymorphisms in relation to colorectal cancer risk (Pinteraction = 0.006). Subjects with higher dietary vitamin D intake and mutant Apa I A allele had a substantially decreased risk of colorectal cancer compared to Apa I aa carriers with lower vitamin D intake. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports that Apa I may interact with dietary vitamin D intake on colorectal cancer risk. However, no interactions were found between dietary vitamin D or calcium intakes and Fok I, Bsm I, and Taq I in relation to colorectal cancer risk.
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Gnagnarella P, Raimondi S, Aristarco V, Johansson H, Bellerba F, Corso F, De Angelis SP, Belloni P, Caini S, Gandini S. Ethnicity as modifier of risk for Vitamin D receptors polymorphisms: Comprehensive meta-analysis of all cancer sites. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2020; 158:103202. [PMID: 33387627 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D receptors polymorphisms are found to be associated with several cancers. Since their prevalence vary across ethnicities and ethnicity itself seems to influence the cancer risk, a comprehensive meta-analysis was performed to investigate the role of VDR Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1, Apa1, Cdx2 and cancer risk at specific organ sites. Odds ratios, calculated with random-effects models, summarized one-hundred-ninety-two independent studies for twenty-two cancer sites. Evidence was provided that Fok1, Bsm1, Cdx2, Apa1 and Taq1 are linked to cancer susceptibility for colorectal, lung, ovarian, skin, multiple myeloma and brain cancer. Stratifying by ethnicity, some differences were found, partially explained by minor allele frequency (MAF), for colorectal cancer, ovarian and prostate cancer in Caucasian and prostate cancer in Asian populations. In summary, ethnicity may be a modifier of cancer risk, in particular for hormone dependent cancers and it should be considered evaluating the effect of VDR on cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Gnagnarella
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Raimondi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Aristarco
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Harriet Johansson
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Bellerba
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Corso
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Pietro Belloni
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padua, Italy
| | - Saverio Caini
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Gnagnarella P, Raimondi S, Aristarco V, Johansson HA, Bellerba F, Corso F, Gandini S. Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms and Cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 2020; 1268:53-114. [PMID: 32918214 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-46227-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Increasing scientific evidence supports the link between vitamin D and cancer risk. The active metabolite 1,25(OH)2D exerts its activity by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR), an intracellular receptor that mediates transcriptional activation and repression of target genes. The binding of 1,25(OH)2D to VDR is able to regulate hundreds of different genes. VDR is active in virtually all tissues including the colon, breast, lung, ovary, bone, kidney, parathyroid gland, pancreatic b-cells, monocytes, T lymphocytes, melanocytes, keratinocytes, and also cancer cells.The relevance of VDR gene restriction fragment length polymorphisms for various types of cancer has been investigated by a great number of studies.We have carried out a systematic review of the literature to analyze the relevance of more VDR polymorphisms (Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1, Apa1, and Cdx2) for individual malignancies considering ethnicity as a key factor for heterogeneity.Up to December 2018, we identified 176 independent studies with data to assess the risk of breast, prostate, colorectal, skin (melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer), lung, ovarian, kidney, bladder, gallbladder, esophageal, thyroid, head and neck, liver and pancreatic cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma and sarcoma.Significant associations with VDR polymorphisms have been reported for prostate (Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1, Apa1, Cdx2), breast (Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1, Apa1, CdX2), colorectal (Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1, Apa1), and skin cancer (Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1). Very few studies reported risk estimates for the other cancer sites.Conflicting data have been reported for most malignancies, and at present, it is still not possible to make any definitive statements about the importance of the VDR genotype for cancer risk. It seems probable that other factors such as ethnicity, phenotype, 25(OH)D plasma levels, and UV radiation exposure play a role as confounding factors and introduce heterogeneity.To conclude, there is some indication that VDR polymorphisms may modulate the risk of some cancer sites and in future studies VDR genetic variation should be integrated also with assessment of vitamin D status and stratified by ethnicity.
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Kumar R, Gupta N, Singh V, Kumar V, Haq A, Mirza AA, Sharma A. Unveiling molecular associations of polymorphic variants of VDR gene (FokI, BsmI and ApaI) in multiple myeloma patients of Indian population. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 199:105588. [PMID: 32004705 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy frequently accompanied with skeletal co-morbidity. Vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) is an important mediator of skeletal homeostasis that mediates its effect by binding to vitamin D receptor (VDR), a steroid family receptor and modulates various downstream pathways. Multiple polymorphisms have been determined in VDR gene that witnessed significant association with cancer development and progression. Therefore, in this maiden study, we recruited 75 newly diagnosed MM patients and 75 control subjects. 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels were measured in all recruited study subjects. Further, PCR-RFLP was performed in DNA samples of recruited study subjects. Results demonstrated significantly decreased 25(OH)D levels in MM patients compared to controls. Additionally, decreased 25(OH)D levels in MM patients inversely associated with disease severity. Further, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis of VDR gene showed significantly higher risk of MM disease development in Ff + ff, Aa + aa, and Bb + bb genotypes. Additionally, FokI f, ApaI a and BsmI b alleles were significantly associated with MM occurrence. In conclusion, this study provided initial evidences of association between 25(OH)D insufficiency, VDR gene polymorphism and MM development. Thus, we suggest that a study involving assessment of 25(OH)D levels and VDR gene polymorphism in large patients' cohort might substantiate their role in MM development which would further provide impetus to give 25(OH)D supplementation along with conventional chemotherapeutic agents for myeloma treatment in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India; Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Vishwajeet Singh
- Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Vimal Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Afrozul Haq
- Department of Food Technology, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.
| | - Anissa Atif Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, India
| | - Alpana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
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Rezaiian F, Nikooyeh B, Neyestani TR. Are there Relationships between the VDR-FokI Polymorphism and Vitamin D and the Insulin Resistance in Non-melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC) Patients? A Protocol for Case-control Studies. Nutr Food Sci Res 2020. [DOI: 10.29252/nfsr.7.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Gholami M, Larijani B, Sharifi F, Hasani-Ranjbar S, Taslimi R, Bastami M, Atlasi R, Amoli MM. MicroRNA-binding site polymorphisms and risk of colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7477-7499. [PMID: 31637880 PMCID: PMC6885874 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations in miRNAs binding site might participate in cancer risk. This study aimed to systematically review the association between miRNA‐binding site polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC). Electronic literature search was carried out on PubMed, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, and Embase. All types of observational studies till 30 November 2018 were included. Overall 85 studies (21 SNPs) from two systematic searches were included analysis. The results showed that in the Middle East population, the minor allele of rs731236 was associated with decreased risk of CRC (heterozygote model: 0.76 [0.61‐0.95]). The minor allele of rs3025039 was related to increased risk of CRC in East Asian population (allelic model: 1.25 [1.01‐1.54]). Results for rs3212986 were significant in overall and subgroup analysis (P < .05). For rs1801157 in subgroup analysis the association was significant in Asian populations (including allelic model: 2.28 [1.11‐4.69]). For rs712, subgroup analysis revealed a significant (allelic model: 1.41 [1.23‐1.61]) and borderline (allelic model: 0.92 [0.84‐1.00]) association in Chinese and Czech populations, respectively. The minor allele of rs17281995 increased risk of CRC in different genetic models (P < .05). Finally, rs5275, rs4648298, and rs61764370 did not show significant associations. In conclusion, minor allele of rs3025039, rs3212986, and rs712 polymorphisms increases the risk of CRC in the East Asian population, and heterozygote model of rs731236 polymorphism shows protective effect in the Middle East population. In Europeans, the minor allele of rs17281995 may increase the risk of CRC, while rs712 may have a protective effect. Further analysis based on population stratifications should be considered in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Gholami
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Sharifi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Hasani-Ranjbar
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Taslimi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rasha Atlasi
- Evidence Based Practice Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa M Amoli
- Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cho YA, Lee J, Oh JH, Chang HJ, Sohn DK, Shin A, Kim J. Vitamin D receptor FokI polymorphism and the risks of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and colorectal adenoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12899. [PMID: 30150667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31244-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on an inverse association between vitamin D levels and the risks of colorectal diseases, a functional start codon polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is speculated to affect the risks for these diseases. To validate this hypothesis, we first conducted a case-control study of 695 colorectal cancer patients and 1,397 controls. The association of VDR FokI polymorphism with colorectal cancer risk was analyzed using a logistic regression model. In the present case-control study, compared to the F allele, the f allele seemed to be associated with lower risks of colon cancer and advanced colorectal cancer. Additionally, a meta-analysis of 27 studies was conducted to combine findings from previous studies investigating the association of FokI polymorphism with colorectal disease using a random effects model. In the present meta-analysis, the f allele was positively associated with the risk of inflammatory bowel disease, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. However, this allele was inversely associated with colon cancer and was not associated with the risk of rectal cancer or colorectal adenoma. In conclusion, the findings from this study imply that the role of VDR FokI polymorphism may differ based on the type and severity of colorectal disease.
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Moossavi M, Parsamanesh N, Mohammadoo-Khorasani M, Moosavi M, Tavakkoli T, Fakharian T, Naseri M. Positive correlation between vitamin D receptor gene FokI polymorphism and colorectal cancer susceptibility in South-Khorasan of Iran. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8190-8194. [PMID: 29953646 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global public health problem. Despite the major milestone in early diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer, the prevalence of CRC rates is still rising. The etiology of CRC is still unknown but we know CRC is influenced by both of environment and genetic factors. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphic regions; FokI and TaqI single nucleotide polymorphisms, in increasing the risk of colorectal cancer in Birjand population. One hundred patients with CRC and 100 healthy controls recruited to the study. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) method technique for all individuals. There were statistically significant differences between ff genotype and f allele of FokI SNP in case and control groups. Our results manifested positive correlation between ff genotype and f allele of FokI SNP with colorectal cancer predisposition (P = 0.035, P = 0.0001 respectively) in South Khorasan population. The present study showed that FokI polymorphism but not TaqI polymorphism may contribute to CRC susceptibility. In addition, ff genotype of FokI polymorphism was associated with CRC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Moossavi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Negin Parsamanesh
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Milad Mohammadoo-Khorasani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Moosavi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Tavakkoli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Tahereh Fakharian
- Department of Internal Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohsen Naseri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Genomic Research Group, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Sangkaew B, Nuinoon M, Jeenduang N. Association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with serum 25(OH)D levels and metabolic syndrome in Thai population. Gene 2018; 659:59-66. [PMID: 29555202 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphisms have been found associated with MetS and serum 25(OH)D levels but these associations remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the VDR polymorphisms and MetS, metabolic components, and serum 25(OH)D levels within the Thai population. A case-control study included 237 participants with MetS according to the MetS diagnostic criteria of NCEP ATPIII and 376 controls. Anthropometric data, blood pressure, lipid profiles, serum 25 (OH)D, and fasting blood glucose were measured. VDR FokI, BsmI, TaqI, and Cdx2 polymorphisms were genotyped by using PCR-HRM. There were no significant differences in the frequencies of VDR genotypes and alleles between MetS and the control groups. VDR TaqI TT, and BsmI BB + Bb genotypes were associated with lower 25(OH)D levels (p < 0.05) in comparison to TaqI Tt, and BsmI bb genotypes in the MetS group, respectively. In addition, the VDR Cdx2 GG genotype was associated with higher WC compared with the AG genotype in all subjects (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that BB + Bb genotypes of the VDR BsmI had significantly increased the odds ratio (OR) of hypertriglyceridemia when compared with the bb genotype (OR 1.87; 95% CI 1.10-3.19, p = 0.022). In conclusion, VDR BsmI variant was associated with hypertriglyceridemia and may be predisposed to developing MetS. VDR TaqI and BsmI polymorphisms seems to influence serum 25(OH)D levels in MetS subjects, while Cdx2 polymorphism may influence WC in all subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boonnisa Sangkaew
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Manit Nuinoon
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Nutjaree Jeenduang
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand; Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
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15
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Pan Z, Chen M, Hu X, Wang H, Yang J, Zhang C, Pan F, Sun G. Associations between VDR gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer susceptibility: an updated meta-analysis based on 39 case-control studies. Oncotarget 2018; 9:13068-13076. [PMID: 29560132 PMCID: PMC5849196 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have reported the associations between vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC), but the results were not always consistent. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate whether VDR polymorphisms are associated with CRC susceptibility. MATERIALS AND METHODS Studies on the associations between VDR polymorphisms and CRC were retrieved from the Web of Science, PubMed, the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang (Chinese) databases. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was obtained. RESULTS Thirty-nine articles met all inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis including 22101 CRC cases and 23696 healthy controls. The 39 articles consisted of five VDR gene polymorphisms including ApaI, FokI, BsmI, TaqI and Cdx2. The results of meta-analysis showed that the FokI polymorphism was on the fringe of statistically significant in the comparisons of F allele vs. f allele in fixed model (OR = 1.029, 95% CI = 0.999-1.059, Praw = 0.057, PFDR = 0.057). Moreover, for the associations between BsmI polymorphism with CRC, We observed significant differences in allele frequencies, the homozygous model and the dominant model between CRC patients and healthy controls (B vs. b: OR = 0.862, 95% CI = 0.761-0.976, Praw = 0.019, PFDR = 0.019; BB vs. bb: OR = 0.786, 95% CI = 0.636-0.972, Praw = 0.026, PFDR = 0.039; BB + Bb vs. bb: OR = 0.934, 95% CI = 0.888-0.982, Praw = 0.008, PFDR = 0.024, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that BsmI is associated with CRC risk and FokI might be a risk factor for CRC. However, these associations with CRC need further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Mengya Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xingxing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Jiajia Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Congjun Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Faming Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
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Laczmanski L, Lwow F, Osina A, Kepska M, Laczmanska I, Witkiewicz W. Association of the vitamin D receptor FokI gene polymorphism with sex- and non-sex-associated cancers: A meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317727164. [PMID: 29034815 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317727164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently higher morbidity and mortality rates are observed in cancer diseases, especially sex-dependent cancers. A positive role of endogenous vitamin D concentration in cancer diseases has been reported in many publications. Furthermore, there has been observed a relationship between serum vitamin D and testosterone concentrations in an elderly Caucasian population carrying the vitamin D receptor FokI gene polymorphism. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the vitamin D receptor FokI polymorphism is associated with cancerogenesis in sex-dependent cancers. The MEDLINE and ResearchGate databases were used to search for articles up to January 2017, and 96 articles concerning the FokI polymorphism were chosen. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the strength of associations between polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor and cancer risk in the described populations. The fixed-effects model and the DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model (with weights based on the inverse variance) were used to calculate summary odds ratios, and both within- and between-study variation were considered. Generally, the F variant reduces the risk of cancer by 4% (odds ratio = 0.96, p value = 0.0057). This effect is particularly evident in female sex-associated cancers (odds ratio = 0.96, 95% confidence interval: 0.93-0.99, p value = 0.0259), but it is not observed in non-sex-associated cancers. Polymorphism FokI is associated with breast and ovarian cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Laczmanski
- 1 Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Felicja Lwow
- 2 Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Osina
- 1 Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Martyna Kepska
- 1 Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Wojciech Witkiewicz
- 4 Research and Development Center of Lower Silesian Regional Specialist Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
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Sheng S, Chen Y, Shen Z. Correlation between polymorphism of vitamin D receptor TaqI and susceptibility to colorectal cancer: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7242. [PMID: 28658114 PMCID: PMC5500036 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The meta-analysis aimed to investigate the correlation between the polymorphism of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) TaqI and susceptibility of colorectal cancer.Studies were extracted from the electronic databases of PubMed and Embase. The balance of heredity was estimated by the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test, and heterogeneity was assessed by Cochran Q statistics and I test. Four assessed models, namely additive (t vs T), dominant (Tt + tt vs TT), recessive (tt vs Tt + TT), and codominant (Tt vs TT and tt vs TT), were used to evaluate the correlations and the effective results were measured as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).A total of 14 studies, including 4632 patients and 5086 controls, were enrolled in this meta-analysis. With no significant heterogeneities observed among the 4 models, the fixed-effect model was used to examine the pooled effect value. There were no significant differences among t vs T (OR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.94-1.09; P = .70), Tt + tt vs TT (OR = 1.05; 95% CI, 0.96-1.15; P = .32), tt vs Tt + TT (OR = 1.01; 95% CI, 0.87-1.17; P = .92), Tt vs TT (OR = 1.03; 95% CI, 0.93-1.13; P = .62), and tt vs TT (OR = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.85-1.17; P = .98) with respect to increasing CRC frequency.No evidence showed that TaqI polymorphisms were significantly associated with susceptibility to CRC.
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Ramadan RA, Desouky LM, Moaaz M, Elnaggar MA, Selima M, Samir M, Abdalla E. Association of vitamin D receptor and toll like receptor genetic variants and haplotypes with colon cancer risk: A case control study in Egypt. Meta Gene 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Budhathoki S, Yamaji T, Iwasaki M, Sawada N, Shimazu T, Sasazuki S, Yoshida T, Tsugane S. Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: A Nested Case-Control Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164648. [PMID: 27736940 PMCID: PMC5063384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggest that vitamin D is protective against the risk of colorectal cancer. Polymorphisms in the gene encoding vitamin D receptor (VDR), which mediates most of the known cellular effects of vitamin D, have been suggested to alter this association. Here, using a tag SNP approach, we comprehensively evaluated the role of common genetic variants in VDR and their interaction with plasma vitamin D levels in relation to colorectal cancer risk in Japanese populations. A total of 356 colorectal cancer cases and 709 matched control subjects were selected from the participants of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Cohort Study. Among these subjects, 29 VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected and genotyped, and plasma vitamin D concentrations were measured. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of colorectal cancer, with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Among the results, eight VDR SNPs, namely rs2254210, rs1540339, rs2107301, rs11168267, rs11574113, rs731236, rs3847987 and rs11574143, the latter 5 of which were located in the 3′ region, were nominally associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (P = 0.01–0.048). Furthermore, of the above 5 3′ region SNPs, the inverse associations for 3 SNPs (rs11574113, rs3847987 and rs11574143) appeared to be evident only in those with high plasma vitamin D concentration. However, neither of these direct and suggestive interaction analysis associations was significant after multiple testing adjustment. Overall, the findings of this study provide only limited support for an association between common genetic variations in VDR and colorectal cancer risk in the Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Budhathoki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Yamaji
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoki Iwasaki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichi Shimazu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuka Sasazuki
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruhiko Yoshida
- Division of Genetics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Serrano D, Gnagnarella P, Raimondi S, Gandini S. Meta-analysis on vitamin D receptor and cancer risk: focus on the role of TaqI, ApaI, and Cdx2 polymorphisms. Eur J Cancer Prev 2016; 25:85-96. [PMID: 25738688 DOI: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D plays a significant role in our health, including cancer incidence and mortality. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) may affect its activity, influencing the risk of cancer. Several studies have investigated VDR SNPs, but the association with the risk of cancer is controversial. Here, we present a meta-analysis to assess the association of TaqI, ApaI, and Cdx2 SNPs with the risk of cancer. A systematic literature search was performed following a predefined protocol and using validated search strategies. This meta-analysis shows the summary odd ratio (SOR) overall, by cancer sites and by ethnicity. Up to January 2014, we identified 73 independent studies with 35 525 cases and 38 675 controls. The meta-analysis of Cdx2 gg versus GG showed a significant 12% increased risk for all cancers [SOR=1.12; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–1.25]. The other SNPs analyzed did not show an overall significant association with the risk of cancer: SOR=0.98 (95% CI: 0.90–1.07) and 1.06 (95% CI: 0.95–1.19) for TaqI tt versus TT and ApaI aa versus AA, respectively. TaqI shows a significant 43% increased risk for colorectal cancer (SOR=1.43; 95% CI: 1.30–1.58 for tt vs. TT). Strong frequency variations are present among different ethnic groups. This meta-analysis showed an overall increased risk of cancer associated with Cdx2 SNP and a specific higher risk of colorectal cancer associated with the TaqI polymorphism. The VDR genotype might become more relevant when clustered in a specific haplotype, associated with other SNPs of genes involved in vitamin D metabolism, or for specific tumors and/or patient characteristics.
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Alkhayal KA, Awadalia ZH, Vaali-Mohammed MA, Al Obeed OA, Al Wesaimer A, Halwani R, Zubaidi AM, Khan Z, Abdulla MH. Association of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms with Colorectal Cancer in a Saudi Arabian Population. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155236. [PMID: 27309378 PMCID: PMC4911096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D, causally implicated in bone diseases and human malignancies, exerts its effects through binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR). VDR is a transcription factor modulating the expression of several genes in different pathways. Genetic variants in the VDR gene have been associated with several cancers in different population including colorectal cancer. OBJECTIVE To assess the association of VDR gene polymorphisms in relation with colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Saudi population. METHODS The polymorphisms of VDR gene (BsmI, FokI, ApaI and TaqI) were analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction amplification of segments of interest followed by Sanger sequencing. One hundred diagnosed CRC patients and 100 healthy control subjects that were age and gender matched were recruited. RESULTS We did not observe significant association of any of the four VDR polymorphisms with colorectal cancer risk in the overall analysis. Although not statistically significant, the AA genotype of BsmI conferred about two-fold protection against CRCs compared to the GG genotype. Stratification of the study subjects based on age and gender suggests statistically significant association of CRC with the 'C' allele of ApaI in patients >57 years of age at disease diagnosis and BsmI polymorphism in females. In addition, statistically significant differences were observed for the genotypic distributions of VDR-BsmI, ApaI and TaqI SNPs between Saudi Arabian population and several of the International HapMap project populations. CONCLUSION Despite the absence of correlation of the examined VDR polymorphisms with CRCs in the combined analysis, ApaI and BsmI loci are statistically significantly associated with CRC in elderly and female patients, respectively. These findings need further validation in larger cohorts prior to utilizing these SNPs as potential screening markers for colorectal cancers in Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khayal A. Alkhayal
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University hospital, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab H. Awadalia
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University hospital, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansoor-Ali Vaali-Mohammed
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University hospital, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar A. Al Obeed
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University hospital, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Al Wesaimer
- Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Department of internal medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabih Halwani
- Prince Naif Center for Immunology Research and Asthma Research Chair, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Zubaidi
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University hospital, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Khan
- Genome Research Chair, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha-Hamadien Abdulla
- Colorectal Research Chair, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University hospital, College of medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Deschasaux M, Souberbielle JC, Latino-Martel P, Sutton A, Charnaux N, Druesne-Pecollo N, Galan P, Hercberg S, Le Clerc S, Kesse-Guyot E, Ezzedine K, Touvier M. Prospective associations between vitamin D status, vitamin D-related gene polymorphisms, and risk of tobacco-related cancers. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 102:1207-15. [PMID: 26447153 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.115.110510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental evidence has suggested that vitamin D may be protective against tobacco-related cancers through the inhibition of the formation of tumors induced by tobacco carcinogens. To our knowledge, only one previous epidemiologic study investigated the association between vitamin D status and tobacco-related cancer risk, and no study has focused on vitamin D-related gene polymorphisms. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to prospectively study the association between plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations, vitamin D-related gene polymorphisms, and risk of tobacco-related cancers. DESIGN A total of 209 tobacco-related cancers were diagnosed within the SU.VI.MAX (Supplémentation en vitamines et minéraux antioxydants) cohort (1994-2007) and were matched with 418 controls as part of a nested case-control study. Tobacco-related cancers (i.e., cancers for which tobacco is one of the risk factors) included several sites in the respiratory, digestive, reproductive, and urinary systems. Total plasma 25(OH)D was assessed with the use of an electrochemoluminescent assay. Polymorphisms were determined with the use of a TaqMan assay. Conditional logistic regression models were computed. RESULTS A 25(OH)D concentration ≥30 ng/mL was associated with reduced risk of tobacco-related cancers (OR for ≥30 compared with <30 ng/mL: 0.59; 95% CI 0.35, 0.99; P = 0.046). This association was observed in former and current smokers (OR for ≥30 compared with <30 ng/mL: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.84; P = 0.01) but not in never smokers (P = 0.8). The vitamin D receptor (VDR) FokI AA genotype and retinoid X receptor (RXR) rs7861779 TT genotype were associated with increased risk of tobacco-related cancers [OR for homozygous mutant type (MT) compared with wild type (WT): 1.87; 95% CI: 1.08, 3.23; P-trend = 0.02; OR for heterozygous type (HT) plus MT compared with WT: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.07, 2.38; P = 0.02]. CONCLUSIONS In this prospective study, high vitamin D status [25(OH)D concentration ≥30 ng/mL] was associated with decreased risk of tobacco-related cancers, especially in smokers. These results, which are supported by mechanistic plausibility, suggest that vitamin D may contribute to the prevention of tobacco-induced cancers in smokers and deserve additional investigation. The SU.VI.MAX trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00272428.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Deschasaux
- Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (Inra) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Bobigny, France;
| | | | - Paule Latino-Martel
- Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (Inra) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Bobigny, France
| | - Angela Sutton
- Biochemistry Department, Jean Verdier Hospital, Inserm U698, Paris 13 University, Bondy, France
| | - Nathalie Charnaux
- Biochemistry Department, Jean Verdier Hospital, Inserm U698, Paris 13 University, Bondy, France
| | - Nathalie Druesne-Pecollo
- Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (Inra) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Bobigny, France
| | - Pilar Galan
- Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (Inra) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Bobigny, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (Inra) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Bobigny, France; Public Health Department, Avicenne Hospital, Bobigny, France
| | - Sigrid Le Clerc
- CNAM, Genomics, Bioinformatics and Applications Team (EA4627), Paris, France; and
| | - Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (Inra) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Bobigny, France
| | - Khaled Ezzedine
- Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (Inra) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Bobigny, France; Dermatology Department, Saint André Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Paris 13 University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Inserm) U1153, French National Institute for Agricultural Research (Inra) U1125, French National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Sorbonne Paris Cité University, Bobigny, France
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Abstract
Antiproliferative effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the biologically active form of vitamin D, are well established in various cell types by influencing cell differentiation and decreasing cell proliferation, growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Several meta-analyses showed that low serum levels of 25(OH)D was associated with colorectal cancer and overall mortality, while the association with cancer mortality was less consistent. VDR is a crucial mediator for the cellular effects of vitamin D and conflicting data have been reported for most malignancies. Beyond VDR, the biological effects of vitamin D are mediated by the vitamin D-binding protein. The GC (group-specific component) gene, encoding DBP, is highly polymorphic and several polymorphisms were investigated in association with cancer development with controversial results. Vitamin D supplementation was found to be associated with a reduced risk of overall mortality, reviewing all published trials on healthy subjects, whereas the evidence of an effect on cancer risk and mortality is less clear. Furthermore, long-term health effects of high doses of vitamin D, extended duration of supplementation, and the association with different baseline vitamin D levels remain to be investigated. In summary, epidemiological and preclinical studies support the development of vitamin D as preventative and therapeutic anticancer agents, with significant associations especially found for low vitamin D status with overall mortality and cancer outcome, more than cancer incidence. However, a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn and only large randomized clinical trials, both in healthy subjects and in cancer patients, will allow to draw definitive conclusions on the effect of vitamin D supplementation on cancer risk, prognosis, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tagliabue
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Raimondi
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
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Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) Cdx-2 polymorphism (rs11568820) has been indicated to be associated to cancer susceptibility. However, published studies reported mixed results. This meta-analysis was conducted to get a more accurate estimation of the association between Cdx-2 polymorphism and cancer risk.We identified 25 independent studies with a total of 34,018 subjects published prior to March 2015. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the susceptibility to cancer. Separate analyses were conducted on features of the population such as ethnicity, source of controls, and cancer types.Meta-analysis results showed that Cdx-2 polymorphism significantly increased cancer risk in the homozygous model in overall analysis. According to the further stratified analysis, significant association was found between Cdx-2 variant and cancer risk in American-Africans in the homozygous, recessive, and dominant comparison models. However, no significant associations were found in Caucasians and Asians. When stratified by different cancer types, significant association was observed between Cdx-2 variant and an increased risk of colorectal cancer in the homozygous, recessive, and dominant models. In addition, ovarian cancer susceptibility increased based on the homozygous and dominant comparison models.Our study indicated that VDR Cdx-2 polymorphism was associated with an increased cancer risk, particularly in American-Africans, colorectal, and ovarian cancers. However, other factors may impact on the association. Further multicenter studies are needed to confirm the effects of Cdx-2 polymorphism on cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ming Dai
- From the Department of Hematology (Z-MD, W-GZ, JL, X-MC); Department of Anesthesia (Z-MD), and Department of Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (SL, MW, Z-JD); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China (Y-LF, Q-MQ); and Department of Hematological Genetics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China (Y-CL)
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Rasool S, Kadla SA, Khan T, Qazi F, Shah NA, Basu J, Khan BA, Ahktar Q, Sameer AS, Ganai BA. Association of a VDR gene polymorphism with risk of colorectal cancer in Kashmir. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:5833-7. [PMID: 24289585 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.10.5833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Roles of the vitamin D receptor in etiology of cancers, including colorectal cancer, have been repeatedly stressed in different parts of the world. A case control study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the two was therefore initiated in Kashmir, known both for its increasing incidence of gastrointestinal cancers and deficiency of micro-nutrients especially vitamin D. The study included a total of 617 subjects (312 colorectal cancer cases and 305 controls), with sampling carried out over a period of 5 years. DNA samples from the blood of the subjects were analyzed for start codon Fok I VDR polymorphism. We obtained a 1.3 fold increased risk among individuals homozygous for f variants as compared to subjects homozygous for F allele (odds ratio OR 1.3, 95%CI, 0.861-1.65). Our study also showed statistically significant results when dwelling and tumor location characteristics were stratified with Fok I polymorphism, all of which suggests a possible role of Fok I polymorphism in the etiology of CRC in Kashmir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabha Rasool
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Kashmir, India E-mail :
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Nassiri M, Kooshyar MM, Roudbar Z, Mahdavi M, Doosti M. Genes and SNPs associated with non-hereditary and hereditary colorectal cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:5609-14. [PMID: 24289550 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.10.5609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in both men and women in the world and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The incidence of colorectal cancer has increased in Iran in the past three decades and is now considered as a serious problem for our society. This cancer has two types hereditary and non-hereditary, 80% of cases being the latter. Considering that the relationship between SNPs with diseases is a concern, many researchers believed that they offer valuable markers for identifying genes responsible for susceptibility to common diseases. In some cases, they are direct causes of human disease. One SNP can increase risk of cancer, but when considering the rate of overlap and frequency of DNA repair pathways, it might be expected that SNP alone cannot affect the final result of cancer, although several SNPs together can exert a significant influence. Therefore identification of these SNPs is very important. The most important loci which include mutations are: MLH1, MSH2, PMS2, APC, MUTYH, SMAD7, STK11, XRCC3, DNMT1, MTHFR, Exo1, XRCC1 and VDR. Presence of SNPs in these genes decreases or increases risk of colorectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this article we reviewed the Genes and SNPs associated with non-hereditary and hereditary of colorectal cancer that recently were reported from candidate gene y, meta-analysis and GWAS studies. RESULTS As with other cancers, colorectal cancer is associated with SNPs in gene loci. Generally, by exploring SNPs, it is feasible to predict the risk of developing colorectal cancer and thus establishing proper preventive measures. CONCLUSIONS SNPs of genes associated with colorectal cancer can be used as a marker SNP panel as a potential tool for improving cancer diagnosis and treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Nassiri
- Department of Animal Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran E-mail :
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Gnagnarella P, Pasquali E, Serrano D, Raimondi S, Disalvatore D, Gandini S. Vitamin D receptor polymorphism FokI and cancer risk: a comprehensive meta-analysis. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:1913-9. [PMID: 25053622 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies investigated the associations of VDR polymorphisms with various types of cancer, suggesting an influence on cancer risk. FokI is one of the most frequently analysed polymorphisms but the results from single studies are contradictory. We performed a meta-analysis looking at the association between the FokI and all cancer sites and investigating sources of heterogeneity. We identified 77 independent studies up to April 2014. We presented the summary odds ratios (SORs) by cancer sites, ethnicity and study features. We found a significant association between FokI and ovarian cancer for ff genotype versus FF with no heterogeneity: SOR = 1.20 (95% CI: 1.02-1.41, I (2) = 0%). Moreover, we found a significant increased risk of any cancer: SOR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01-1.16, I (2) = 58%). A significant increased risk of any cancer is confirmed among Caucasian, among studies in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and nested case-control studies. Furthermore, among studies in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, skin cancer was found significantly associated with FokI: SOR = 1.24 (95% CI: 1.01-1.54; I (2) = 24%) for ff versus FF. The estimated number of cases attributable to ff genotype is 4221 for ovarian cancer and 52858 for skin cancer worldwide each year. No indication for publication bias was found for any cancer site. In conclusion, we found an overall significant association of FokI polymorphism with any cancer, with differential effect by ethnicity. In particular, the summary estimates indicate an increase risk for ovarian and skin cancer for ff versus FF. However, other factors may act modifying the association, and further studies are needed to clarify the impact on cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Gnagnarella
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan 20141, Italy
| | - Elena Pasquali
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan 20141, Italy
| | - Davide Serrano
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan 20141, Italy
| | - Sara Raimondi
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan 20141, Italy
| | - Davide Disalvatore
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan 20141, Italy
| | - Sara Gandini
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan 20141, Italy
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Rasool S, Kadla SA, Rasool V, Qazi F, Khan T, Shah NA, Ganai BA. Role of the VDR Bsm I and Apa I polymorphisms in the risk of colorectal cancer in Kashmir. Oncol Res Treat 2014; 37:345-9. [PMID: 24903766 DOI: 10.1159/000362859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A case-control study aiming to evaluate the relationship between Bsm I and Apa I restriction fragment gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC) was carried out in Kashmir, including a total of 368 subjects (180 cases and 188 controls). METHODS DNA samples extracted from the blood of the subjects were analyzed for 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) Apa I and Bsm I polymorphisms using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR). RESULTS A statistically significant 2.7-fold increased risk was observed in individuals found homozygous for the presence of the 'b' allele, in comparison to subjects homozygous for the 'B' allele (odds ratio (OR) 2.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49-4.86 (Bsm I)), and a statistically insignificant 2-fold increased risk was found among individuals with the 'aa' genotype, as compared to subjects with the 'AA' genotype (OR 2.017, 95% CI 0.86-4.7). Our study also yielded statistically significant results when the Apa I polymorphism was stratified by age (≤ 50 years) and dwelling area (rural area), and the Bsm I polymorphism by gender (male gender), suggesting a possible role of Apa I and Bsm I polymorphisms in the etiology of CRC in Kashmir. CONCLUSION We conclude that Apa I and Bsm I single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) might be associated with susceptibility to CRC among Kashmiris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabha Rasool
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Kashmir, India
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Vimaleswaran KS, Cavadino A, Berry DJ, Mangino M, Andrews P, Moore JH, Spector TD, Power C, Järvelin MR, Hyppönen E. Interaction between allelic variations in vitamin D receptor and retinoid X receptor genes on metabolic traits. BMC Genet 2014; 15:37. [PMID: 24641809 PMCID: PMC4004151 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-15-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Low vitamin D status has been shown to be a risk factor for several metabolic traits such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The biological actions of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D, are mediated through the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which heterodimerizes with retinoid X receptor, gamma (RXRG). Hence, we examined the potential interactions between the tagging polymorphisms in the VDR (22 tag SNPs) and RXRG (23 tag SNPs) genes on metabolic outcomes such as body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR), high- and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterols, serum triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressures and glycated haemoglobin in the 1958 British Birth Cohort (1958BC, up to n = 5,231). We used Multifactor- dimensionality reduction (MDR) program as a non-parametric test to examine for potential interactions between the VDR and RXRG gene polymorphisms in the 1958BC. We used the data from Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (NFBC66, up to n = 5,316) and Twins UK (up to n = 3,943) to replicate our initial findings from 1958BC. Results After Bonferroni correction, the joint-likelihood ratio test suggested interactions on serum triglycerides (4 SNP - SNP pairs), LDL cholesterol (2 SNP - SNP pairs) and WHR (1 SNP - SNP pair) in the 1958BC. MDR permutation model testing analysis showed one two-way and one three-way interaction to be statistically significant on serum triglycerides in the 1958BC. In meta-analysis of results from two replication cohorts (NFBC66 and Twins UK, total n = 8,183), none of the interactions remained after correction for multiple testing (Pinteraction >0.17). Conclusions Our results did not provide strong evidence for interactions between allelic variations in VDR and RXRG genes on metabolic outcomes; however, further replication studies on large samples are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karani S Vimaleswaran
- Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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Sarkissyan M, Wu Y, Chen Z, Mishra DK, Sarkissyan S, Giannikopoulos I, Vadgama JV. Vitamin D receptor FokI gene polymorphisms may be associated with colorectal cancer among African American and Hispanic participants. Cancer 2014; 120:1387-93. [PMID: 24510435 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D plays a role in cancer tumorogenesis and acts through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Although African Americans have the lowest serum vitamin D levels, supplementation has not yielded a significant improvement in cancer. Gene polymorphisms in VDR may play a role. There is a dearth of information on VDR gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC) among under-represented ethnic groups. In this study, the authors examined whether VDR gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were associated with CRC in predominately African American and Hispanic study participants. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 378 participants, including a group of 78 patients with CRC (cases), a group of 230 noncancer participants without polyps (controls without polyps), and a group of 70 noncancer participants with polyps (controls with polyps). The 4 polymorphic SNPs in VDR (FokI, BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI) were assessed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. RESULTS There was a significant association of the VDR-FokI FF genotype with CRC cases (odds ratio, 2.9; P= .036) compared with the controls without polyps. The most common VDR-FokI genotype in the overall study population was the FF genotype (46%). However, upon breakdown by ethnicity, the FF genotype was the most common in African American participants (61%), and the Ff genotype was the most common in Hispanic/Latino participants (49%). When the association was assessed in a multivariate model, there was no significant association with any VDR polymorphism and CRC cases (P> .05). The other 3 polymorphic variants of VDR (BsmI, TaqI, and ApaI) were not associated with CRC. CONCLUSIONS The results from this study suggest that genetic variation of the VDR-FokI SNPs may influence CRC risk, particularly in African American cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Sarkissyan
- Division of Cancer Research and Training, Center to Eliminate Cancer Health Disparities, Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California
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Hiraki LT, Qu C, Hutter CM, Baron JA, Berndt SI, Bézieau S, Brenner H, Caan BJ, Casey G, Chang-Claude J, Chanock SJ, Conti DV, Duggan D, Fuchs CS, Gallinger S, Giovannucci EL, Harrison TA, Hayes RB, Hazra A, Henderson B, Hoffmeister M, Hopper JL, Hudson TJ, Jenkins MA, Küry S, Le Marchand L, Lemire M, Ma J, Manson JE, Nan H, Newcomb PA, Ng K, Potter JD, Schoen RE, Schumacher FR, Seminara D, Slattery ML, Wactawski-Wende J, White E, Wu K, Zanke BW, Kraft P, Peters U, Chan AT. Genetic predictors of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin d and risk of colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2013; 22:2037-46. [PMID: 23983240 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-13-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental evidence has demonstrated an antineoplastic role for vitamin D in the colon, and higher circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are consistently associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer. Genome-wide association studies have identified loci associated with levels of circulating 25(OH)D. The identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from four gene regions collectively explain approximately 5% of the variance in circulating 25(OH)D. METHODS We investigated whether five polymorphisms in GC, CYP2R1, CYP24A1, and DHCR7/NADSYN1, genes previously shown to be associated with circulating 25(OH)D levels, were associated with colorectal cancer risk in 10,061 cases and 12,768 controls drawn from 13 studies included in the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium (GECCO) and Colon Cancer Family Registry (CCFR). We conducted a meta-analysis of crude and multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios and associated confidence intervals for SNPs individually, SNPs simultaneously, and for a vitamin D additive genetic risk score (GRS). RESULTS We did not observe a statistically significant association between the 25(OH)D-associated SNPs and colorectal cancer marginally, conditionally, or as a GRS, or for colon or rectal cancer separately. CONCLUSIONS Our findings do not support an association between SNPs associated with circulating 25(OH)D and risk of colorectal cancer. Additional work is warranted to investigate the complex relationship between 25(OH)D and colorectal cancer risk. IMPACT There was no association observed between genetic markers of circulating 25(OH)D and colorectal cancer. These genetic markers account for a small proportion of the variance in 25(OH)D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda T Hiraki
- Authors' Affiliations: Program in Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Departments of Nutrition, and Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health; Department of Medicine, and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Gastrointestinal Malignancy Program, and Medical-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Divisions of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, and Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda; University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France; Divisions of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research and Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Medical Care Program, Oakland; Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California; Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona; Department of Surgery, Toronto General Hospital; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research; Departments of Medical Biophysics and Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Environmental Medicine, Division of Epidemiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York; Melborne School of Population Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Epidemiology Pro
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Huang J, Huang J, Ma Y, Wang H, Yang J, Xiong T, Du L. The Cdx-2 polymorphism in the VDR gene is associated with increased risk of cancer: a meta-analysis. Mol Biol Rep 2013; 40:4219-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-013-2503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Vimaleswaran KS, Cavadino A, Berry DJ, Whittaker JC, Power C, Järvelin MR, Hyppönen E; Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits (GIANT) Consortium. Genetic association analysis of vitamin D pathway with obesity traits. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 37:1399-406. [PMID: 23381556 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective Observational studies have examined the link between vitamin D deficiency and obesity traits. Some studies have reported associations between vitamin D pathway genes such as VDR, GC and CYP27B1 with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC); however, the findings have been inconsistent. Hence, we investigated the involvement of vitamin D metabolic pathway genes in obesity-related traits in a large population-based study. Methods We undertook a comprehensive analysis between 100 tagging polymorphisms (tagSNPs) in genes encoding for DHCR7, CYP2R1, VDBP, CYP27B1, CYP27A1, CYP24A1, VDR and RXRG and obesity traits in 5,224 participants (aged 45 years) in the 1958 British birth cohort (1958BC). We further extended our analyses to investigate the associations between SNPs and obesity traits using the summary statistics from the GIANT (Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits) consortium (n=123,865). Results In the 1958BC (n=5,224), after Bonferroni correction, none of the tagSNPs were associated with obesity traits except for one tagSNP from CYP24A1 that was associated with waist-hip ratio (WHR) (rs2296239, P=0.001). However, the CYP24A1 SNP was not associated with BMI-adjusted WHR (WHRadj) in the 1958BC (rs2296239, P=1.00) and GIANT results (n=123,865, P=0.18). There was also no evidence for an interaction between the tagSNPs and obesity on BMI, WC, WHR and WHRadj in the 1958BC. In the GIANT consortium, none of the tagSNPs were associated with obesity traits. Conclusions Despite a very large study, our findings suggest that the vitamin D pathway genes are unlikely to have a major role in obesity-related traits in the general population.
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Taheri E, Saedisomeolia A, Djalali M, Qorbani M, Madani Civi M. The relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentration and obesity in type 2 diabetic patients and healthy subjects. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2012; 11:16. [PMID: 23497722 PMCID: PMC3598176 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-11-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Both obesity and type 2 diabetes are associated with hypovitaminosis D. The aims of this study were to investigate the association of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration with body mass index (BMI) in type 2 diabetic patients compared to control subjects and their predicting role in obesity. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 subjects (100 type 2 diabetics and 100 healthy controls). Concentration of 25(OH) D, calcium, phosphorous, parathyroid hormone (PTH), fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was determined in the fasting samples. Anthropometric measurements including body mass index (BMI) were also measured. Results Eighty-five percent of type 2 diabetics and 79% of healthy subjects were suffering from vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. Serum concentration of 25(OH) D (22.08 ± 15.20 ng/ml) (r = −0.11, P = 0.04) and calcium (8.94 ± 0.59 mg/dl) (r = −2.25, P = 0.04) has significant statistically with BMI in type 2 diabetic patients. Serum concentration of PTH has non-significantly associated with BMI in diabetic patients and healthy subjects. Conclusion Serum levels of vitamin D inversely and PTH positively are associated with BMI after adjusted for age, gender and serum calcium in both type 2 diabetic patients and healthy subjects. These associations were statistically significant for serum concentration of vitamin D and calcium only in diabetic patients. So the status of vitamin D is considered as an important factor in type 2 diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsaneh Taheri
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bai YH, Lu H, Hong D, Lin CC, Yu Z, Chen BC. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk: a systematic meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:1672-9. [PMID: 22529698 PMCID: PMC3325535 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i14.1672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship between polymorphisms present in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene and colorectal cancer risk, a systematic meta-analysis of population-based studies was performed. METHODS A total of 38 relevant reports published between January 1990 and August 2010 were identified, of which only 23 qualified for this meta-analysis based on our selection criteria. Five polymorphic variants of the VDR gene, including Cdx-2 (intron 1e) and FokI (exon 2) present in the 5' region of the gene, and BsmI (intron 8), ApaI (intron 8), and TaqI (exon 9) sites present in the 3' untranslated region (UTR), were evaluated for possible associations with colorectal cancer risk. Review manager 4.2 was used to perform statistical analyses. RESULTS In the meta-analysis performed, only the BsmI polymorphism was found to be associated with colorectal cancer risk. In particular, the BsmI B genotype was found to be related to an overall decrease in the risk for colorectal cancer [BB vs bb: odds ratio (OR) = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.80-0.94, P = 3 × 10(-4); BB vs Bb + bb: OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84-0.97, P = 5 × 10(-4)]. Moreover, in subgroup analyses, the BsmI B genotype was significantly associated with colon cancer, and not rectal cancer. An absence of between-study heterogeneity was also observed. CONCLUSION A meta-analysis of 23 published studies identified the BsmI polymorphism of the VDR gene to be associated with an increased risk of colon cancer.
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Mahmoudi T, Arkani M, Karimi K, Safaei A, Rostami F, Arbabi E, Pourhoseingholi MA, Mohebbi SR, Nikzamir A, Romani S, Almasi S, Abbaszadeh M, Vafaei M, Zali MR. The -4817 G>A (rs2238136) variant of the vitamin D receptor gene: a probable risk factor for colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:5277-82. [PMID: 22167329 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D appears to have anti-tumor activities in the large bowel. Our aim was to investigate whether -4817 G>A (rs2238136) polymorphism located at 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the human vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene was associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. We conducted a case-control study and VDR genotypes, determined by Bpu10I restriction endonuclease digestion of PCR-amplified DNA, were performed on 327 cases with CRC and 327 controls. The distribution of VDR -4817 G>A genotypes and alleles differed significantly between cases with CRC and controls even after adjustment for confounding factors such as age, BMI, sex, and smoking status. Individuals carrying the "AA" genotype had a 2.09-fold increased risk compared with those with "GG" genotype (P = 0.016, OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.15-3.78) and a 1.87-fold increased risk compared with those with "GG and GA" genotypes (P = 0.033, OR = 1.87, 95% CI = 1.05-3.33) for CRC. Furthermore, the VDR "A" allele was significantly overrepresented in cases with CRC than controls (P = 0.044; OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.01-1.63). Interestingly, the analysis of the SNP revealed that all these associations were stronger for women subjects than for all subjects combined. These data indicated for the first time a direct association between "AA" genotype of VDR gene -4817 G>A polymorphism and CRC, with a stronger association for female subjects. However, our findings remain to be confirmed in other populations.
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Kupfer SS, Anderson JR, Ludvik AE, Hooker S, Skol A, Kittles RA, Keku TO, Sandler RS, Ruiz-Ponte C, Castellvi-Bel S, Castells A, Carracedo A, Ellis NA. Genetic associations in the vitamin D receptor and colorectal cancer in African Americans and Caucasians. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26123. [PMID: 22046258 PMCID: PMC3203108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Low vitamin D levels are associated with an increased incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and higher mortality from the disease. In the US, African Americans (AAs) have the highest CRC incidence and mortality and the lowest levels of vitamin D. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have been previously associated with CRC, but few studies have included AAs. We studied 795 AA CRC cases and 985 AA controls from Chicago and North Carolina as well as 1324 Caucasian cases and 990 Caucasian controls from Chicago and Spain. We genotyped 54 tagSNPs in VDR (46586959 to 46521297 Mb) and tested for association adjusting for West African ancestry, age, gender, and multiple testing. Untyped markers were imputed using MACH1.0. We analyzed associations by gender and anatomic location in the whole study group as well as by vitamin D intake in the North Carolina AA group. In the joint analysis, none of the SNPs tested was significantly associated with CRC. For four previously tested restriction fragment length polymorphisms, only one (referred to as ApaI), tagged by the SNP rs79628898, had a nominally significant p-value in AAs; none of these polymorphisms were associated with CRC in Caucasians. In the North Carolina AAs, for whom we had vitamin D intake data, we found a significant association between an intronic SNP rs11574041 and vitamin D intake, which is evidence for a VDR gene-environment interaction in AAs. In summary, using a systematic tagSNP approach, we have not found evidence for significant associations between VDR and CRC in AAs or Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia S. Kupfer
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey R. Anderson
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Anton E. Ludvik
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Stanley Hooker
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Andrew Skol
- Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Rick A. Kittles
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Temitope O. Keku
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Robert S. Sandler
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Clara Ruiz-Ponte
- Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine (FPGMX), CIBERER, Genomic Medicine Group, Hospital Clinico, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Sergi Castellvi-Bel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clinic, CIBERehd, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antoni Castells
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clinic, CIBERehd, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Angel Carracedo
- Galician Public Foundation of Genomic Medicine (FPGMX), CIBERER, Genomic Medicine Group, Hospital Clinico, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Nathan A. Ellis
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Brunner RL, Wactawski-Wende J, Caan BJ, Cochrane BB, Chlebowski RT, Gass MLS, Jacobs ET, LaCroix AZ, Lane D, Larson J, Margolis KL, Millen AE, Sarto GE, Vitolins MZ, Wallace RB. The effect of calcium plus vitamin D on risk for invasive cancer: results of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) calcium plus vitamin D randomized clinical trial. Nutr Cancer 2011; 63:827-41. [PMID: 21774589 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2011.594208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial of calcium plus vitamin D (CaD), we examined the treatment effect on incidence and mortality for all invasive cancers. Postmenopausal women (N = 36,282) were randomized to 1,000 mg of elemental calcium with 400 IU vitamin D3 or placebo. Cox models estimated risk of cancer incidence and mortality. After 7.0 yr, 1,306 invasive cancers were diagnosed in the supplement and 1,333 in the placebo group [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.98; CI = 0.90, 1.05, unweighted P = 0.54]. Mortality did not differ between supplement (315, annualized% = .26) and placebo [(347, 0.28%; P = 0.17; HR = 0.90 (0.77, 1.05)]. Significant treatment interactions on incident cancer were found for family history of cancer, personal total intake of vitamin D, smoking, and WHI dietary trial randomized group. Calcium/vitamin D supplementation did not reduce invasive cancer incidence or mortality. Supplementation lowered cancer risk in the WHI healthy diet trial arm and in women without a first-degree relative with cancer. The interactions are only suggestive given multiple testing considerations. The low vitamin D dose provided, limited adherence, and lack of serum 25(OH)D values should be considered when interpreting these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Brunner
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.
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Zheng W, Wong KE, Zhang Z, Dougherty U, Mustafi R, Kong J, Deb DK, Zheng H, Bissonnette M, Li YC. Inactivation of the vitamin D receptor in APC(min/+) mice reveals a critical role for the vitamin D receptor in intestinal tumor growth. Int J Cancer 2011; 130:10-9. [PMID: 21328347 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.25992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence supports an inhibitory role for vitamin D in colorectal carcinogenesis; however, the mechanism remains unclear. The adenomatous polyposis coli (APC)/β-catenin pathway plays a critical role in colorectal carcinogenesis. The purpose of our study is to explore the interactions of vitamin D and APC/β-catenin pathways in intestinal tumor development. APC(min/+) mice with genetic inactivation of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) were generated through breeding. Intestinal tumorigenesis was compared between APC(min/+) and APC(min/+) VDR(-/-) mice at different ages. No differences were seen in the number of small intestinal and colonic tumors between APC(min/+) and APC(min/+) VDR(-/-) mice aged 3, 4, 6 and 7 months. The size of the tumors, however, was significantly increased in APC(min/+) VDR(-/-) mice in all age groups. Immunostaining showed significant increases in β-catenin, cyclin D1, phosphorylated Stat-3 and MSH-2 levels and decreases in Stat-1 in APC(min/+) VDR(-/-) tumors compared to APC(min/+) tumors. These observations suggest that VDR signaling inhibits tumor growth rather than tumor initiation in the intestine. Thus, the increased tumor burden in APC(min/+) VDR(-/-) mice is likely due to the loss of the growth-inhibiting effect of VDR. This study provides strong evidence for the in vivo relevance of the interaction demonstrated in vitro between the vitamin D and β-catenin signaling pathways in intestinal tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medical Research, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
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40
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Touvier M, Chan DSM, Lau R, Aune D, Vieira R, Greenwood DC, Kampman E, Riboli E, Hercberg S, Norat T. Meta-analyses of vitamin D intake, 25-hydroxyvitamin D status, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, and colorectal cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2011; 20:1003-16. [PMID: 21378269 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-10-1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our objective was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies on colorectal cancer (CRC) and vitamin D intake and 25-hydroxyvitamin D status, as part of the World Cancer Research Fund Continuous Update Project. We also aimed at conducting meta-analysis of all studies on CRC and vitamin D receptor (VDR) single-nucleotide polymorphisms. METHODS Relevant studies were identified in PubMed (up to June 2010). Inclusion criteria were original and peer-reviewed publications with a prospective design (for studies on vitamin D intake or status). Random effects of dose-response meta-analyses were performed on cancer incidence. RESULTS We observed inverse associations of CRC risk with dietary vitamin D [summary relative risk (RR) per 100 IU/day = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93-0.98; 10 studies; range of intake (midpoints) = 39-719 IU/day] and serum/plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (RR per 100 IU/L = 0.96, 0.94-0.97; 6 studies; range = 200-1,800 IU/L), but not with total vitamin D (5 studies). Supplemental (2 studies; range = 0-600 IU/day) and total (4 studies; range = 79-732 IU/day) vitamin D intake and 25-hydroxyvitamin D status (6 studies; range = 200-1,800 IU/L) were inversely associated with colon cancer risk. We did not observe statistically significant associations between FokI, PolyA, TaqI, Cdx2, and ApaI VDR polymorphisms and CRC risk. The BsmI polymorphism was associated with a lower CRC risk (RR = 0.57, 0.36-0.89 for BB versus bb, 8 studies). CONCLUSIONS These meta-analyses support the evidence of an inverse association between vitamin D intake, 25-hydroxyvitamin D status, and the BsmI VDR polymorphism and CRC risk. IMPACT Improving vitamin D status could be potentially beneficial against CRC incidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Touvier
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Abstract
Diet is one of the most affective environmental factors in cancer development. Due to complicated nature of the diet, it has been very difficult to provide clear explanations for the role of dietary components in carcinogenesis. However, as high-throughput omics techniques became available, researchers are now able to analyze large sets of gene transcripts, proteins, and metabolites to identify molecules involved in disease development. Bioinformatics uses these data to perform network analyses and suggest possible interactions between metabolic processes and environmental factors. Obesity is known as one of the most closely related risk factors of colorectal cancer (CRC). Metabolic disturbances due to a positive energy balance may trigger and accelerate CRC development. In this review, we have summarized reports on genes, proteins and metabolites that are related to either obesity or CRC, and suggested candidate molecules linking obesity and CRC based on currently available literature. Possible application of bioinformatics for a large scale network analysis in studying cause-effect relationship between dietary components and CRC are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyung Sung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Mahmoudi T, Karimi K, Mohebbi SR, Fatemi SR, Zali MR. Start codon FokI and intron 8 BsmI variants in the vitamin D receptor gene and susceptibility to colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:4765-70. [PMID: 21132374 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0613-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence suggests the protective effect of vitamin D against colorectal cancer (CRC) and the polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene may influence the development of CRC. In this study the possible association of VDR FokI and BsmI gene polymorphisms with CRC risk was examined. A total of 904 subjects, including 452 cases with CRC and 452 controls were enrolled in this study. All 904 subjects were genotyped for VDR FokI and BsmI gene polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP method. We observed no significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies between the cases with CRC and controls for the both FokI and BsmI polymorphisms either before or after adjustment for confounding factors including age, BMI, sex, and smoking status. Furthermore, no evidence for effect modification of the association VDR gene FokI and BsmI variants and CRC by BMI, sex, or tumor site was observed. In addition, there was no significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies between the normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m(2)) cases with CRC and overweight/obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m(2)) cases with CRC for the two SNPs. Our results do not lend support to the hypothesis that VDR gene FokI and BsmI polymorphisms are associated with the risk of CRC. However, further studies are required to confirm this finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touraj Mahmoudi
- Department of Cancer, Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (RCGLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Velenjak, Shahid Chamran Highway, 1985711151 Tehran, Iran.
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Lagunova Z, Porojnicu AC, Grant WB, Bruland Ø, Moan JE. Obesity and increased risk of cancer: does decrease of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level with increasing body mass index explain some of the association? Mol Nutr Food Res 2010; 54:1127-33. [PMID: 20512788 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200900512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Low levels of vitamin D and excess body weight are both factors associated with increased risk of cancer. The increased risk seems to be proportional to the increase in BMI, and to decrease in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level. Our earlier investigations suggest that serum 25(OH)D levels decrease with increasing BMI. Although the connection between cancer risk, BMI and vitamin D status might be arbitrary, it has not been discussed in the literature so far. In this study, we analyze data published in current meta-analysis, prospective studies, and systematic reviews on cancer-specific risk attributed to high BMI and low vitamin D status. The contribution of low 25(OH)D levels associated with high BMI to increased cancer risk was calculated for 13 vitamin-D-sensitive cancers with a focus on colorectal and breast cancer as the most frequently studied vitamin-D-sensitive cancer types. Our study suggests that a low vitamin D status may explain at least 20% of the cancer risk attributable to high BMI. The contribution of low 25(OH)D to the increased cancer risk with increasing BMI may be different for different cancer types. Thus, we find 40% for breast cancer, and 26 and 75% for colorectal cancer in men and women, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya Lagunova
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
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44
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies linking vitamin D deficiency with increased prostate cancer (PCa) mortality and the pleiotropic anticancer effects of vitamin D in malignant prostate cell lines have initiated trials examining potential therapeutic benefits of vitamin D metabolites. There have been some successes but efforts have been hindered by risk of inducing hypercalcemia. A limited number of studies have investigated associations between variants in vitamin D pathway genes with aggressive forms of PCa. Increased understanding of relevant germline genetic variation with disease outcome could aid in the development of vitamin-D-based therapies. METHODS We undertook a comprehensive analysis of 48 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) in genes encoding for vitamin D receptor (VDR), vitamin D activating enzyme 1-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP27B1), and deactivating enzyme 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1) in a cohort of 1,294 Caucasian cases with an average of 8 years of follow-up. Disease recurrence/progression and PCa-specific mortality risks were estimated using adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS There were 139 cases with recurrence/progression events and 57 cases who died of PCa. Significantly altered risks of recurrence/progression were observed in relation to genotype for two VDR tagSNPs (rs6823 and rs2071358) and two CYP24A1 tagSNPs (rs927650 and rs2762939). Three VDR tagSNPs (rs3782905, rs7299460, and rs11168314), one CYP27B1 tagSNP (rs3782130), and five CYP24A1 tagSNPs (rs3787557, rs4809960, rs2296241, rs2585428, and rs6022999) significantly altered risks of PCa death. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variations in vitamin D pathway genes were found to alter both risk of recurrence/progression and PCa-specific mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Holt
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
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45
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Mahmoudi T, Mohebbi SR, Pourhoseingholi MA, Fatemi SR, Zali MR. Vitamin D receptor gene ApaI polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to colorectal cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2010; 55:2008-13. [PMID: 19795209 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-009-0989-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/07/2009] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms in relation to the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Iranian population. METHODS Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in intron 8 (ApaI) and exon 9 (TaqI) of the VDR gene were genotyped in 160 subjects with CRC and 180 controls by use of the PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS The VDR ApaI genotype distribution differed significantly between subjects with CRC and controls. The ApaI "aa" genotype compared with "AA" genotype was associated with a 2.3-fold increased risk of CRC (P = 0.014; OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.18-4.28) and the difference remained significant after adjustment for age, BMI, sex, and smoking status (P = 0.014; OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.19-4.54). Furthermore, the ApaI "a" allele was significantly overrepresented in subjects with CRC than controls (P = 0.014; OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.08-2.02). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that VDR ApaI genotype "aa" is associated with increased risk of CRC in the Iranian population. However, these data remain to be confirmed in larger studies and in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touraj Mahmoudi
- Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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46
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Egan JB, Thompson PA, Vitanov MV, Bartik L, Jacobs ET, Haussler MR, Gerner EW, Jurutka PW. Vitamin D receptor ligands, adenomatous polyposis coli, and the vitamin D receptor FokI polymorphism collectively modulate beta-catenin activity in colon cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2010; 49:337-52. [PMID: 20043299 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The activity of beta-catenin, commonly dysregulated in human colon cancers, is inhibited by the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and this mechanism is postulated to explain the putative anti-cancer activity of vitamin D metabolites in the colon. We investigated the effect of a common FokI restriction site polymorphism (F/f) in the human VDR gene as well as the effect of anti-tumorigenic 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D) and pro-tumorigenic lithocholic acid (LCA) VDR ligands on beta-catenin transcriptional activity. Furthermore, the influence of a major regulatory protein of beta-catenin, the APC tumor suppressor gene, on VDR-dependent inhibition of beta-catenin activity was examined. We report herein that beta-catenin-mediated transcription is most effectively suppressed by the VDR FokI variant F/M4 when 1,25D is limiting. Using Caco-2 colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, it was observed that VDR ligands, 1,25D and LCA, both suppress beta-catenin transcriptional activity, though 1,25D exhibited significantly greater inhibition. Moreover, 1,25D, but not LCA, suppressed endogenous expression of the beta-catenin target gene DKK-4 independent of VDR DNA-binding activity. These results support beta-catenin sequestration away from endogenous gene targets by 1,25D-VDR. This activity is most efficiently mediated by the FokI gene variant F/M4, a VDR allele previously associated with protection against CRC. Interestingly, we found the inhibition of beta-catenin activity by 1,25D-VDR was significantly enhanced by wild-type APC. These results reveal a previously unrecognized role for 1,25D-VDR in APC/beta-catenin cross talk. Collectively, these findings strengthen evidence favoring a direct effect on the Wnt-signaling molecule beta-catenin as one anti-cancer target of 1,25D-VDR action in the colorectum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan B Egan
- Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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47
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Poynter JN, Jacobs ET, Figueiredo JC, Lee WH, Conti DV, Campbell PT, Levine AJ, Limburg P, Le Marchand L, Cotterchio M, Newcomb PA, Potter JD, Jenkins MA, Hopper JL, Duggan DJ, Baron JA, Haile RW. Genetic variation in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the vitamin D-binding protein (GC) and risk for colorectal cancer: results from the Colon Cancer Family Registry. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010; 19:525-36. [PMID: 20086113 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-0662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic evidence supports a role for vitamin D in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Variants in vitamin D-related genes might modify the association between vitamin D levels and CRC risk. In this analysis, we did a comprehensive evaluation of common variants in the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the vitamin D-binding protein (GC; group-specific component) genes using a population-based case-unaffected sibling control design that included 1,750 sibships recruited into the Colon Cancer Family Registry. We also evaluated whether any associations differed by calcium supplement use, family history of CRC, or tumor characteristics. Heterogeneity by calcium and vitamin D intake was evaluated for a subset of 585 cases and 837 sibling controls who completed a detailed food frequency questionnaire. Age- and sex-adjusted associations were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Overall, we did not find evidence for an association between any single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in VDR or GC and risk for CRC (range of unadjusted P values 0.01-0.98 for VDR and 0.07-0.95 for GC). None of these associations was significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. We also found no evidence that calcium or vitamin D intake (food and supplement) from the food frequency questionnaire modified the association estimates between VDR and GC SNPs and CRC. We did observe associations between SNPs in GC and microsatellite unstable CRC, although these results should be confirmed in additional studies. Overall, our results do not provide evidence for a role of common genetic variants in VDR or GC in susceptibility to CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny N Poynter
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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48
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Jenab M, McKay J, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, van Duijnhoven FJB, Ferrari P, Slimani N, Jansen EHJM, Pischon T, Rinaldi S, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Overvad K, Boutron-Ruault MC, Clavel-Chapelon F, Engel P, Kaaks R, Linseisen J, Boeing H, Fisher E, Trichopoulou A, Dilis V, Oustoglou E, Berrino F, Vineis P, Mattiello A, Masala G, Tumino R, Vrieling A, van Gils CH, Peeters PH, Brustad M, Lund E, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Suárez LR, Molina E, Dorronsoro M, Sala N, Hallmans G, Palmqvist R, Roddam A, Key TJ, Khaw KT, Bingham S, Boffetta P, Autier P, Byrnes G, Norat T, Riboli E. Vitamin D receptor and calcium sensing receptor polymorphisms and the risk of colorectal cancer in European populations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009; 18:2485-91. [PMID: 19706842 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-09-0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased levels of vitamin D and calcium may play a protective role in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. It has been suggested that these effects may be mediated by genetic variants of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the calcium sensing receptor (CASR). However, current epidemiologic evidence from European populations for a role of these genes in CRC risk is scarce. In addition, it is not clear whether these genes may modulate CRC risk independently or by interaction with blood vitamin D concentration and level of dietary calcium intake. A case-control study was conducted nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. CRC cases (1,248) were identified and matched to 1,248 control subjects. Genotyping for the VDR (BsmI: rs1544410; Fok1: rs2228570) and CASR (rs1801725) genes was done by Taqman, and serum vitamin D (25OHD) concentrations were measured. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the incidence rate ratio (RR). Compared with the wild-type bb, the BB genotype of the VDR BsmI polymorphism was associated with a reduced risk of CRC [RR, 0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59-0.98). The association was observed for colon cancer (RR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.45-0.95) but not rectal cancer (RR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.62-1.49). The Fok1 and CASR genotypes were not associated with CRC risk in this study. No interactions were noted for any of the polymorphisms with serum 25OHD concentration or level of dietary calcium. These results confirm a role for the BsmI polymorphism of the VDR gene in CRC risk, independent of serum 25OHD concentration and dietary calcium intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazda Jenab
- Lifestyle and Cancer Group, IARC, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008, Lyon, France.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberd M. Bostick
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Tinisha L. Mayo
- Department of Epidemiology, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia 30303
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Randerson-Moor JA, Taylor JC, Elliott F, Chang YM, Beswick S, Kukalizch K, Affleck P, Leake S, Haynes S, Karpavicius B, Marsden J, Gerry E, Bale L, Bertram C, Field H, Barth JH, Silva IDS, Swerdlow A, Kanetsky PA, Barrett JH, Bishop DT, Bishop JAN. Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, and melanoma: UK case-control comparisons and a meta-analysis of published VDR data. Eur J Cancer 2009; 45:3271-81. [PMID: 19615888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Revised: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We have carried out melanoma case-control comparisons for six vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) levels in order to investigate the role of vitamin D in melanoma susceptibility. There was no significant evidence of an association between any VDR SNP and risk in 1028 population-ascertained cases and 402 controls from Leeds, UK. In a second Leeds case-control study (299 cases and 560 controls) the FokI T allele was associated with increased melanoma risk (odds ratio (OR) 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-1.91, p=0.02). In a meta-analysis in conjunction with published data from other smaller data sets (total 3769 cases and 3636 controls), the FokI T allele was associated with increased melanoma risk (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.05-1.35), and the BsmI A allele was associated with a reduced risk (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.72-0.92), in each instance under a parsimonious dominant model. In the first Leeds case-control comparison cases were more likely to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than controls (p=0.007 for linear trend). There was no evidence of a case-control difference in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) levels. In 1043 incident cases from the first Leeds case-control study, a single estimation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) level taken at recruitment was inversely correlated with Breslow thickness (p=0.03 for linear trend). These data provide evidence to support the view that vitamin D and VDR may have a small but potentially important role in melanoma susceptibility, and putatively a greater role in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette A Randerson-Moor
- Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK
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