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Zhang D, Li YY, Zhao X, Zhang C, Liu DK, Lan S, Yin W, Liu ZJ. Molecular insights into self-incompatibility systems: From evolution to breeding. Plant Commun 2024; 5:100719. [PMID: 37718509 PMCID: PMC10873884 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved diverse self-incompatibility (SI) systems for outcrossing. Since Darwin's time, considerable progress has been made toward elucidating this unrivaled reproductive innovation. Recent advances in interdisciplinary studies and applications of biotechnology have given rise to major breakthroughs in understanding the molecular pathways that lead to SI, particularly the strikingly different SI mechanisms that operate in Solanaceae, Papaveraceae, Brassicaceae, and Primulaceae. These best-understood SI systems, together with discoveries in other "nonmodel" SI taxa such as Poaceae, suggest a complex evolutionary trajectory of SI, with multiple independent origins and frequent and irreversible losses. Extensive exploration of self-/nonself-discrimination signaling cascades has revealed a comprehensive catalog of male and female identity genes and modifier factors that control SI. These findings also enable the characterization, validation, and manipulation of SI-related factors for crop improvement, helping to address the challenges associated with development of inbred lines. Here, we review current knowledge about the evolution of SI systems, summarize key achievements in the molecular basis of pollen‒pistil interactions, discuss potential prospects for breeding of SI crops, and raise several unresolved questions that require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuewei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Cuili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ding-Kun Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Siren Lan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Weilun Yin
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhong-Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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Du J, Ge C, Wang T, Wang J, Ni Z, Xiao S, Zhao F, Zhao M, Qiao Y. Combined transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals multiple pathways involved in self-pollen tube development and the potential roles of FviYABBY1 in self-incompatibility in Fragaria viridis. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:927001. [PMID: 36186066 PMCID: PMC9515988 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.927001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fragaria viridis exhibits S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility, in which S-RNase is the major factor inhibiting pollen tube growth. However, the pathways involved in and the immediate causes of the inhibition of pollen tube growth remain unknown. Here, interactive RNA sequencing and proteome analysis revealed changes in the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles of F. viridis styles harvested at 0 and 24 h after self-pollination. A total of 2,181 differentially expressed genes and 200 differentially abundant proteins were identified during the pollen development stage of self-pollination. Differentially expressed genes and differentially abundant proteins associated with self-incompatible pollination were further mined, and multiple pathways were found to be involved. Interestingly, the expression pattern of the transcription factor FviYABBY1, which is linked to polar growth, differed from those of other genes within the same family. Specifically, FviYABBY1 expression was extremely high in pollen, and its expression trend in self-pollinated styles was consistent with that of S-RNase. Furthermore, FviYABBY1 interacted with S-RNase in a non-S haplotype way. Therefore, FviYABBY1 affects the expression of polar growth-related genes in self-pollen tubes and is positively regulated by S-RNase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianke Du
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Horticulture Research, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunfeng Ge
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyou Ni
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiwei Xiao
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengli Zhao
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mizhen Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yushan Qiao
- Laboratory of Fruit Crop Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Pomology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Broz AK, Miller CM, Baek YS, Tovar-Méndez A, Acosta-Quezada PG, Riofrío-Cuenca TE, Rusch DB, Bedinger PA. S-RNase Alleles Associated With Self-Compatibility in the Tomato Clade: Structure, Origins, and Expression Plasticity. Front Genet 2021; 12:780793. [PMID: 34938321 PMCID: PMC8685505 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.780793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-incompatibility (SI) system in the Solanaceae is comprised of cytotoxic pistil S-RNases which are countered by S-locus F-box (SLF) resistance factors found in pollen. Under this barrier-resistance architecture, mating system transitions from SI to self-compatibility (SC) typically result from loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding pistil SI factors such as S-RNase. However, the nature of these mutations is often not well characterized. Here we use a combination of S-RNase sequence analysis, transcript profiling, protein expression and reproductive phenotyping to better understand different mechanisms that result in loss of S-RNase function. Our analysis focuses on 12 S-RNase alleles identified in SC species and populations across the tomato clade. In six cases, the reason for gene dysfunction due to mutations is evident. The six other alleles potentially encode functional S-RNase proteins but are typically transcriptionally silenced. We identified three S-RNase alleles which are transcriptionally silenced under some conditions but actively expressed in others. In one case, expression of the S-RNase is associated with SI. In another case, S-RNase expression does not lead to SI, but instead confers a reproductive barrier against pollen tubes from other tomato species. In the third case, expression of S-RNase does not affect self, interspecific or inter-population reproductive barriers. Our results indicate that S-RNase expression is more dynamic than previously thought, and that changes in expression can impact different reproductive barriers within or between natural populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Broz
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Christopher M Miller
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - You Soon Baek
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | | | | | | | - Douglas B Rusch
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Patricia A Bedinger
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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Muñoz-Sanz JV, Tovar-Méndez A, Lu L, Dai R, McClure B. A Cysteine-Rich Protein, SpDIR1L, Implicated in S-RNase-Independent Pollen Rejection in the Tomato ( Solanum Section Lycopersicon) Clade. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313067. [PMID: 34884871 PMCID: PMC8657656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato clade species (Solanum sect. Lycopersicon) display multiple interspecific reproductive barriers (IRBs). Some IRBs conform to the SI x SC rule, which describes unilateral incompatibility (UI) where pollen from SC species is rejected on SI species’ pistils, but reciprocal pollinations are successful. However, SC x SC UI also exists, offering opportunities to identify factors that contribute to S-RNase-independent IRBs. For instance, SC Solanum pennellii LA0716 pistils only permit SC Solanum lycopersicum pollen tubes to penetrate to the top third of the pistil, while S. pennellii pollen penetrates to S. lycopersicum ovaries. We identified candidate S. pennellii LA0716 pistil barrier genes based on expression profiles and published results. CRISPR/Cas9 mutants were created in eight candidate genes, and mutants were assessed for changes in S. lycopersicum pollen tube growth. Mutants in a gene designated Defective in Induced Resistance 1-like (SpDIR1L), which encodes a small cysteine-rich protein, permitted S. lycopersicum pollen tubes to grow to the bottom third of the style. We show that SpDIR1L protein accumulation correlates with IRB strength and that species with weak or no IRBs toward S. lycopersicum pollen share a 150 bp deletion in the upstream region of SpDIR1L. These results suggest that SpDIR1L contributes to an S-RNase-independent IRB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Vicente Muñoz-Sanz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.T.-M.); (L.L.); (R.D.); (B.M.)
- Rijk Zwaan Iberica S.A., Carretera Viator Paraje El Mamí S/N, La Cañada, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Alejandro Tovar-Méndez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.T.-M.); (L.L.); (R.D.); (B.M.)
- Elemental Enzymes, 1685 Galt Industrial Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.T.-M.); (L.L.); (R.D.); (B.M.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Ru Dai
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.T.-M.); (L.L.); (R.D.); (B.M.)
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Fifield Hall, 2550 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Bruce McClure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; (A.T.-M.); (L.L.); (R.D.); (B.M.)
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Broz AK, Simpson-Van Dam A, Tovar-Méndez A, Hahn MW, McClure B, Bedinger PA. Spread of self-compatibility constrained by an intrapopulation crossing barrier. New Phytol 2021; 231:878-891. [PMID: 33864700 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mating system transitions from self-incompatibility (SI) to self-compatibility (SC) are common in plants. In the absence of high levels of inbreeding depression, SC alleles are predicted to spread due to transmission advantage and reproductive assurance. We characterized mating system and pistil-expressed SI factors in 20 populations of the wild tomato species Solanum habrochaites from the southern half of the species range. We found that a single SI to SC transition is fixed in populations south of the Rio Chillon valley in central Peru. In these populations, SC correlated with the presence of the hab-6 S-haplotype that encodes a low activity S-RNase protein. We identified a single population segregating for SI/SC and hab-6. Intrapopulation crosses showed that hab-6 typically acts in the expected codominant fashion to confer SC. However, we found one specific S-haplotype (hab-10) that consistently rejects pollen of the hab-6 haplotype, and results in SI hab-6/hab-10 heterozygotes. We suggest that the hab-10 haplotype could act as a genetic mechanism to stabilize mixed mating in this population by presenting a disadvantage for the hab-6 haplotype. This barrier may represent a mechanism allowing for the persistence of SI when an SC haplotype appears in or invades a population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Broz
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1878, USA
| | | | | | - Matthew W Hahn
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Bruce McClure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Patricia A Bedinger
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1878, USA
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Abstract
Pollen-pistil interactions serve as important prezygotic reproductive barriers that play a critical role in mate selection in plants. Here, we highlight recent progress toward understanding the molecular basis of pollen-pistil interactions as reproductive isolating barriers. These barriers can be active systems of pollen rejection, or they can result from a mismatch of required male and female factors. In some cases, the barriers are mechanistically linked to self-incompatibility systems, while others represent completely independent processes. Pollen-pistil reproductive barriers can act as soon as pollen is deposited on a stigma, where penetration of heterospecific pollen tubes is blocked by the stigma papillae. As pollen tubes extend, the female transmitting tissue can selectively limit growth by producing cell wall-modifying enzymes and cytotoxins that interact with the growing pollen tube. At ovules, differential pollen tube attraction and inhibition of sperm cell release can act as barriers to heterospecific pollen tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Broz
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1878, USA; ,
| | - Patricia A Bedinger
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1878, USA; ,
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7
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Landis JB, Miller CM, Broz AK, Bennett AA, Carrasquilla-Garcia N, Cook DR, Last RL, Bedinger PA, Moghe GD. Migration through a Major Andean Ecogeographic Disruption as a Driver of Genetic and Phenotypic Diversity in a Wild Tomato Species. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:3202-3219. [PMID: 33822137 PMCID: PMC8321546 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolutionary dynamics at the population level play a central role in creating the diversity of life on our planet. In this study, we sought to understand the origins of such population-level variation in mating systems and defensive acylsugar chemistry in Solanum habrochaites—a wild tomato species found in diverse Andean habitats in Ecuador and Peru. Using Restriction-site-Associated-DNA-Sequencing (RAD-seq) of 50 S. habrochaites accessions, we identified eight population clusters generated via isolation and hybridization dynamics of 4–6 ancestral populations. Detailed characterization of mating systems of these clusters revealed emergence of multiple self-compatible (SC) groups from progenitor self-incompatible populations in the northern part of the species range. Emergence of these SC groups was also associated with fixation of deleterious alleles inactivating acylsugar acetylation. The Amotape-Huancabamba Zone—a geographical landmark in the Andes with high endemism and isolated microhabitats—was identified as a major driver of differentiation in the northern species range, whereas large geographical distances contributed to population structure and evolution of a novel SC group in the central and southern parts of the range, where the species was also inferred to have originated. Findings presented here highlight the role of the diverse ecogeography of Peru and Ecuador in generating population differentiation, and enhance our understanding of the microevolutionary processes that create biological diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob B Landis
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.,Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Amanda K Broz
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Alexandra A Bennett
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Douglas R Cook
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Robert L Last
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Gaurav D Moghe
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Jewell CP, Zhang SV, Gibson MJS, Tovar-Méndez A, McClure B, Moyle LC. Intraspecific Genetic Variation Underlying Postmating Reproductive Barriers between Species in the Wild Tomato Clade (Solanum sect. Lycopersicon). J Hered 2020; 111:216-226. [PMID: 32072169 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esaa003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A goal of speciation genetics is to understand how the genetic components underlying interspecific reproductive barriers originate within species. Unilateral incompatibility (UI) is a postmating prezygotic barrier in which pollen rejection in the female reproductive tract (style) occurs in only one direction of an interspecific cross. Natural variation in the strength of UI has been observed among populations within species in the wild tomato clade. In some cases, molecular loci underlying self-incompatibility (SI) are associated with this variation in UI, but the mechanistic connection between these intra- and inter-specific pollen rejection behaviors is poorly understood in most instances. We generated an F2 population between SI and SC genotypes of a single species, Solanum pennellii, to examine the genetic basis of intraspecific variation in UI against other species, and to determine whether loci underlying SI are genetically associated with this variation. We found that F2 individuals vary in the rate at which UI rejection occurs. One large effect QTL detected for this trait co-localized with the SI-determining S-locus. Moreover, individuals that expressed S-RNase-the S-locus protein involved in SI pollen rejection-in their styles had much more rapid UI responses compared with those without S-RNase protein. Our analysis shows that intraspecific variation at mate choice loci-in this case at loci that prevent self-fertilization-can contribute to variation in the expression of interspecific isolation, including postmating prezygotic barriers. Understanding the nature of such intraspecific variation can provide insight into the accumulation of these barriers between diverging lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simo V Zhang
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN
| | | | | | - Bruce McClure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Leonie C Moyle
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN
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9
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Jewell CP, Zhang SV, Gibson MJS, Tovar-Méndez A, McClure B, Moyle LC. Intraspecific Genetic Variation Underlying Postmating Reproductive Barriers between Species in the Wild Tomato Clade (Solanum sect. Lycopersicon). J Hered 2020. [PMID: 32072169 DOI: 10.1101/718544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A goal of speciation genetics is to understand how the genetic components underlying interspecific reproductive barriers originate within species. Unilateral incompatibility (UI) is a postmating prezygotic barrier in which pollen rejection in the female reproductive tract (style) occurs in only one direction of an interspecific cross. Natural variation in the strength of UI has been observed among populations within species in the wild tomato clade. In some cases, molecular loci underlying self-incompatibility (SI) are associated with this variation in UI, but the mechanistic connection between these intra- and inter-specific pollen rejection behaviors is poorly understood in most instances. We generated an F2 population between SI and SC genotypes of a single species, Solanum pennellii, to examine the genetic basis of intraspecific variation in UI against other species, and to determine whether loci underlying SI are genetically associated with this variation. We found that F2 individuals vary in the rate at which UI rejection occurs. One large effect QTL detected for this trait co-localized with the SI-determining S-locus. Moreover, individuals that expressed S-RNase-the S-locus protein involved in SI pollen rejection-in their styles had much more rapid UI responses compared with those without S-RNase protein. Our analysis shows that intraspecific variation at mate choice loci-in this case at loci that prevent self-fertilization-can contribute to variation in the expression of interspecific isolation, including postmating prezygotic barriers. Understanding the nature of such intraspecific variation can provide insight into the accumulation of these barriers between diverging lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simo V Zhang
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN
| | | | | | - Bruce McClure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Leonie C Moyle
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN
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10
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Muñoz-Sanz JV, Zuriaga E, Cruz-García F, McClure B, Romero C. Self-(In)compatibility Systems: Target Traits for Crop-Production, Plant Breeding, and Biotechnology. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:195. [PMID: 32265945 PMCID: PMC7098457 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) mechanisms prevent self-fertilization in flowering plants based on specific discrimination between self- and non-self pollen. Since this trait promotes outcrossing and avoids inbreeding it is a widespread mechanism of controlling sexual plant reproduction. Growers and breeders have effectively exploited SI as a tool for manipulating domesticated crops for thousands of years. However, only within the past thirty years have studies begun to elucidate the underlying molecular features of SI. The specific S-determinants and some modifier factors controlling SI have been identified in the sporophytic system exhibited by Brassica species and in the two very distinct gametophytic systems present in Papaveraceae on one side and in Solanaceae, Rosaceae, and Plantaginaceae on the other. Molecular level studies have enabled SI to SC transitions (and vice versa) to be intentionally manipulated using marker assisted breeding and targeted approaches based on transgene integration, silencing, and more recently CRISPR knock-out of SI-related factors. These scientific advances have, in turn, provided a solid basis to implement new crop production and plant breeding practices. Applications of self-(in)compatibility include widely differing objectives such as crop yield and quality improvement, marker-assisted breeding through SI genotyping, and development of hybrids for overcoming intra- and interspecific reproductive barriers. Here, we review scientific progress as well as patented applications of SI, and also highlight future prospects including further elucidation of SI systems, deepening our understanding of SI-environment relationships, and new perspectives on plant self/non-self recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Zuriaga
- Centro de Citricultura y Producción Vegetal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Valencia, Spain
| | - Felipe Cruz-García
- Departmento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Bruce McClure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Carlos Romero
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas (IBMCP), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)—Universitat Politécnica de València (UPV), Valencia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Carlos Romero,
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11
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Inês C, Corbacho J, Paredes MA, Labrador J, Cordeiro AM, Gomez-Jimenez MC. Regulation of sterol content and biosynthetic gene expression during flower opening and early fruit development in olive. Physiol Plant 2019; 167:526-539. [PMID: 30912149 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytosterols are lipophilic membrane components essential not only for diverse cellular functions but also are biosynthetic precursors of the plant hormone, brassinosteroid (BR). However, the interaction between phytosterol and BR during early fleshy-fruit growth remains largely uncharacterized. In olive, phytosterols are important lipids because they affect oil quality, but phytosterol composition during flowering and early fruit development has not been explored. Here, we first investigated the temporal changes in phytosterol composition, and biosynthetic gene expression that occurred during olive flower opening and early fruit growth. Next, we analyzed the interrelationship between phytosterol and BR, whose levels we manipulated through the application of exogenous BRs (24-epibrassinolide, EBR) or a BR biosynthesis inhibitor (brassinazole, Brz). In this report, the profiling of phytosterol measurement revealed that β-sitosterol is the most abundant in olive reproductive organs. Our data demonstrate that both OeCYP51 and OeSMT2 genes are upregulated during floral anthesis in good agreement with the rise in cholesterol and β-sitosterol contents in olive flower. By contrast, the OeCYP51 and OeSMT2 genes displayed different expression patterns during early olive-fruit development. Furthermore, our data show that exogenous EBR enhanced the early olive-fruit growth, as well as the OeSMT2 transcript and β-sitosterol levels, but decreased the OeCYP51 transcript, squalene, campesterol and cholesterol levels, whereas the Brz treatment exerted the opposite effect. Overall, our findings indicate an up-regulation of β-sitosterol biosynthesis by BR at the transcriptional level during early olive-fruit growth, providing a valuable tool to unravel the physiological function of SMT2 in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Inês
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
| | - Jorge Corbacho
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
| | - Miguel A Paredes
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
| | - Juana Labrador
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
| | - António M Cordeiro
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P., UEIS Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Elvas, 7351-901, Portugal
| | - Maria C Gomez-Jimenez
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, 06006, Spain
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12
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Callaway TD, Singh-Cundy A. HD-AGPs as Speciation Genes: Positive Selection on a Proline-Rich Domain in Non-Hybridizing Species of Petunia, Solanum, and Nicotiana. Plants (Basel) 2019; 8:E211. [PMID: 31288469 DOI: 10.3390/plants8070211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transmitting tissue-specific proteins (TTS proteins) are abundant in the extracellular matrix of Nicotiana pistils, and vital for optimal pollen tube growth and seed set. We have identified orthologs from several species in the Solanaceae, including Petunia axillaris axillaris and Petunia integrifolia. We refer to TTS proteins and their orthologs as histidine domain-arabinogalactan proteins (HD-AGPs). HD-AGPs have distinctive domains, including a small histidine-rich region and a C-terminal PAC domain. Pairwise comparisons between HD-AGPs of 15 species belonging to Petunia, Nicotiana, and Solanum show that the his-domain and PAC domain are under purifying selection. In contrast, a proline-rich domain (HV2) is conserved among cross-hybridizing species, but variant in species-pairs that are reproductively isolated by post-pollination pre-fertilization reproductive barriers. In particular, variation in a tetrapeptide motif (XKPP) is systematically correlated with the presence of an interspecific reproductive barrier. Ka/Ks ratios are not informative at the infrageneric level, but the ratios reveal a clear signature of positive selection on two hypervariable domains (HV1 and HV2) when HD-AGPs from five solanaceous genera are compared. We propose that sequence divergence in the hypervariable domains of HD-AGPs reinforces sympatric speciation in incipient species that may have first diverged as a consequence of pollinator preferences or other ecological factors.
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Vieira J, Rocha S, Vázquez N, López-Fernández H, Fdez-Riverola F, Reboiro-Jato M, Vieira CP. Predicting Specificities Under the Non-self Gametophytic Self-Incompatibility Recognition Model. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:879. [PMID: 31379893 PMCID: PMC6649718 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-self gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) recognition system is characterized by the presence of multiple F-box genes tandemly located in the S-locus, that regulate pollen specificity. This reproductive barrier is present in Solanaceae, Plantaginacea and Maleae (Rosaceae), but only in Petunia functional assays have been performed to get insight on how this recognition mechanism works. In this system, each of the encoded S-pollen proteins (called SLFs in Solanaceae and Plantaginaceae /SFBBs in Maleae) recognizes and interacts with a sub-set of non-self S-pistil proteins, called S-RNases, mediating their ubiquitination and degradation. In Petunia there are 17 SLF genes per S-haplotype, making impossible to determine experimentally each SLF specificity. Moreover, domain -swapping experiments are unlikely to be performed in large scale to determine S-pollen and S-pistil specificities. Phylogenetic analyses of the Petunia SLFs and those from two Solanum genomes, suggest that diversification of SLFs predate the two genera separation. Here we first identify putative SLF genes from nine Solanum and 10 Nicotiana genomes to determine how many gene lineages are present in the three genera, and the rate of origin of new SLF gene lineages. The use of multiple genomes per genera precludes the effect of incompleteness of the genome at the S-locus. The similar number of gene lineages in the three genera implies a comparable effective population size for these species, and number of specificities. The rate of origin of new specificities is one per 10 million years. Moreover, here we determine the amino acids positions under positive selection, those involved in SLF specificity recognition, using 10 Petunia S-haplotypes with more than 11 SLF genes. These 16 amino acid positions account for the differences of self-incompatible (SI) behavior described in the literature. When SLF and S-RNase proteins are divided according to the SI behavior, and the positively selected amino acids classified according to hydrophobicity, charge, polarity and size, we identified fixed differences between SI groups. According to the in silico 3D structure of the two proteins these amino acid positions interact. Therefore, this methodology can be used to infer SLF/S-RNase specificity recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Vieira
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Rocha
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Noé Vázquez
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática (ESEI), Edificio Politécnico, Universidad de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia), Vigo, Spain
| | - Hugo López-Fernández
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática (ESEI), Edificio Politécnico, Universidad de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia), Vigo, Spain
- SING Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Florentino Fdez-Riverola
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática (ESEI), Edificio Politécnico, Universidad de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia), Vigo, Spain
- SING Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Miguel Reboiro-Jato
- Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Informática (ESEI), Edificio Politécnico, Universidad de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (Centro Singular de Investigación de Galicia), Vigo, Spain
- SING Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Galicia Sur (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
| | - Cristina P. Vieira
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Hamlin JAP, Sherman NA, Moyle LC. Two Loci Contribute Epistastically to Heterospecific Pollen Rejection, a Postmating Isolating Barrier Between Species. G3 (Bethesda) 2017; 7:2151-9. [PMID: 28512086 DOI: 10.1534/g3.117.041673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recognition and rejection of heterospecific male gametes occurs in a broad range of taxa, although the complexity of mechanisms underlying these components of postmating cryptic female choice is poorly understood. In plants, the arena for postmating interactions is the female reproductive tract (pistil), within which heterospecific pollen tube growth can be arrested via active molecular recognition and rejection. Unilateral incompatibility (UI) is one such postmating barrier in which pollen arrest occurs in only one direction of an interspecific cross. We investigated the genetic basis of pistil-side UI between Solanum species, with the specific goal of understanding the role and magnitude of epistasis between UI QTL. Using heterospecific introgression lines (ILs) between Solanum pennellii and S. lycopersicum, we assessed the individual and pairwise effects of three chromosomal regions (ui1.1, ui3.1, and ui12.1) previously associated with interspecific UI among Solanum species. Specifically, we generated double introgression (‘pyramided’) genotypes that combined ui12.1 with each of ui1.1 and ui3.1, and assessed the strength of UI pollen rejection in the pyramided lines, compared to single introgression genotypes. We found that none of the three QTL individually showed UI rejection phenotypes, but lines combining ui3.1 and ui12.1 showed significant pistil-side pollen rejection. Furthermore, double ILs (DILs) that combined different chromosomal regions overlapping ui3.1 differed significantly in their rate of UI, consistent with at least two genetic factors on chromosome three contributing quantitatively to interspecific pollen rejection. Together, our data indicate that loci on both chromosomes 3 and 12 are jointly required for the expression of UI between S. pennellii and S. lycopersicum, suggesting that coordinated molecular interactions among a relatively few loci underlie the expression of this postmating prezygotic barrier. In addition, in conjunction with previous data, at least one of these loci appears to also contribute to conspecific self-incompatibility (SI), consistent with a partially shared genetic basis between inter- and intraspecific mechanisms of postmating prezygotic female choice.
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15
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Tremblay RR, Bourassa S, Nehmé B, Calvo EL. Daylily protein constituents of the pollen and stigma a proteomics approach. J Plant Physiol 2017; 212:1-12. [PMID: 28242413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at the identification and quantification of the protein components of the pollen grains in parallel with the distal stigmatic tissue of tetraploid cultivars. Proteomes were analyzed using iTRAQ 4plex labeling, peptides separation by online RP-nano-LC and analysis by ESI-MS/MS. Protein identification and quantification were made using the Asparagales database as a reference. A total of 524,037 MS/MS spectra were produced from pollen and stigma samples. From these, a total of 8368 peptides wereidentified corresponding to 994 unique peptides and 432 protein groups. Among them, 128 differentially expressed proteins were retained for further analysis. In absence of the daylily genome availability, we exploited numerous databases and bioinformatics resources to exploring the putative biological functions of these proteins. The profile of differentially expressed proteins suggests an important representation of functions associated to the signalling and response against endogenous and environmental stresses, including several enzymes implicated in the biosynthesis of antibiotics. The abundance in stigma of several structural proteins of the ribosomal sub-units as well as of the core histones suggest that the translation processes and the regulation of gene expression in stigma is a more active mechanism than in pollen. In addition, pollen prioritizes the synthesis of fructose and glucose as opposed to sucrose in stigma as a source of energy. Finally, the modulated proteins in Hemerocallis point to several pathways that give potential clues concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying the functions of the pollen and the stigmatic fluid in daylily reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland R Tremblay
- CHUL Research Center in Reproduction, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec,2705 Boulevard Laurier, Suite T3-67, Quebec City, QC, G1 V 4G2, Canada.
| | - Sylvie Bourassa
- Proteomics Platform Quebec Genomics Center, CRCHUL, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Quebec, Canada.
| | - Benjamin Nehmé
- Proteomics Platform Quebec Genomics Center, CRCHUL, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Quebec, Canada.
| | - Ezequiel L Calvo
- Scientific Consultant in Genomics, 701 Leonard, Quebec City, QC, G1X 4C9, Canada.
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16
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Tovar-Méndez A, Lu L, McClure B. HT proteins contribute to S-RNase-independent pollen rejection in Solanum. Plant J 2017; 89:718-729. [PMID: 27862494 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plants have mechanisms to recognize and reject pollen from other species. Although widespread, these mechanisms are less well understood than the self-incompatibility (SI) mechanisms plants use to reject pollen from close relatives. Previous studies have shown that some interspecific reproductive barriers (IRBs) are related to SI in the Solanaceae. For example, the pistil SI proteins S-RNase and HT protein function in a pistil-side IRB that causes rejection of pollen from self-compatible (SC) red/orange-fruited species in the tomato clade. However, S-RNase-independent IRBs also clearly contribute to rejecting pollen from these species. We investigated S-RNase-independent rejection of Solanum lycopersicum pollen by SC Solanum pennellii LA0716, SC. Solanum habrochaites LA0407, and SC Solanum arcanum LA2157, which lack functional S-RNase expression. We found that all three accessions express HT proteins, which previously had been known to function only in conjunction with S-RNase, and then used RNAi to test whether they also function in S-RNase-independent pollen rejection. Suppressing HT expression in SC S. pennellii LA0716 allows S. lycopersicum pollen tubes to penetrate farther into the pistil in HT suppressed plants, but not to reach the ovary. In contrast, suppressing HT expression in SC. Solanum habrochaites LA0407 and in SC S. arcanum LA2157 allows S. lycopersicum pollen tubes to penetrate to the ovary and produce hybrids that, otherwise, would be difficult to obtain. Thus, HT proteins are implicated in both S-RNase-dependent and S-RNase-independent pollen rejection. The results support the view that overall compatibility results from multiple pollen-pistil interactions with additive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Tovar-Méndez
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Lu Lu
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Bruce McClure
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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17
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Broz AK, Randle AM, Sianta SA, Tovar-Méndez A, McClure B, Bedinger PA. Mating system transitions in Solanum habrochaites impact interactions between populations and species. New Phytol 2017; 213:440-454. [PMID: 27516156 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In plants, transitions in mating system from outcrossing to self-fertilization are common; however, the impact of these transitions on interspecific and interpopulation reproductive barriers is not fully understood. We examined the consequences of mating system transition for reproductive barriers in 19 populations of the wild tomato species Solanum habrochaites. We identified S. habrochaites populations with self-incompatible (SI), self-compatible (SC) and mixed population (MP) mating systems, and characterized pollen-pistil interactions among S. habrochaites populations and between S. habrochaites and other tomato species. We examined the relationship between mating system, floral morphology, interspecific and interpopulation compatibility and pistil SI factors. We documented five distinct phenotypic groups by combining reproductive behavior with molecular data. Transitions from SI to MP were not associated with weakened interspecific reproductive barriers or loss of known pistil SI factors. However, transitions to SC at the northern range margin were accompanied by loss of S-RNase, smaller flowers, and weakened (or absent) interspecific pollen-pistil barriers. Finally, we identified a subset of SC populations that exhibited a partial interpopulation reproductive barrier with central SI populations. Our results support the hypothesis that shifts in mating system, followed by additional loss-of-function mutations, impact reproductive barriers within and between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Broz
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1878, USA
| | - April M Randle
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1878, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94117, USA
| | - Shelley A Sianta
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1878, USA
| | | | - Bruce McClure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Patricia A Bedinger
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1878, USA
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18
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Bedinger PA, Broz AK, Tovar-Mendez A, McClure B. Pollen-Pistil Interactions and Their Role in Mate Selection. Plant Physiol 2017; 173:79-90. [PMID: 27899537 PMCID: PMC5210727 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pollen-pistil interactions contribute to mate selection at the postmating, prezygotic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Bedinger
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1878 (P.A.B., A.K.B.); and
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (A.T.-M., B.M.)
| | - Amanda K Broz
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1878 (P.A.B., A.K.B.); and
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (A.T.-M., B.M.)
| | - Alejandro Tovar-Mendez
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1878 (P.A.B., A.K.B.); and
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (A.T.-M., B.M.)
| | - Bruce McClure
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1878 (P.A.B., A.K.B.); and
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211 (A.T.-M., B.M.)
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19
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Liang M, Yang W, Su S, Fu L, Yi H, Chen C, Deng X, Chai L. Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of S-RNase involved in the self-incompatibility of citrus. Mol Genet Genomics 2016; 292:325-341. [PMID: 27933381 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-016-1279-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
S-RNase-based self-incompatibility is found in Solanaceae, Rosaceae, and Scrophulariaceae, and is the most widespread mechanism that prevents self-fertilization in plants. Although 'Shatian' pummelo (Citrus grandis), a traditional cultivated variety, possesses the self-incompatible trait, the role of S-RNases in the self-incompatibility of 'Shatian' pummelo is poorly understood. To identify genes associated with self-incompatibility in citrus, we identified 16 genes encoding homologs of ribonucleases in the genomes of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) and clementine mandarin (Citrus clementine). We preliminarily distinguished S-RNases from S-like RNases with a phylogenetic analysis that classified these homologs into three groups, which is consistent with the previous reports. Expression analysis provided evidence that CsRNS1 and CsRNS6 are S-like RNase genes. The expression level of CsRNS1 was increased during fruit development. The expression of CsRNS6 was increased during the formation of embryogenic callus. In contrast, we found that CsRNS3 possessed several common characteristics of the pistil determinant of self-incompatibility: it has an alkaline isoelectric point (pI), harbors only one intron, and is specifically expressed in style. We obtained a cDNA encoding CgRNS3 from 'Shatian' pummelo and found that it is homolog to CsRNS3 and that CgRNS3 exhibited the same expression pattern as CsRNS3. In an in vitro culture system, the CgRNS3 protein significantly inhibited the growth of self-pollen tubes from 'Shatian' pummelo, but after a heat treatment, this protein did not significantly inhibit the elongation of self- or non-self-pollen tubes. In conclusion, an S-RNase gene, CgRNS3, was obtained by searching the genomes of sweet orange and clementine for genes exhibiting sequence similarity to ribonucleases followed by expression analyses. Using this approach, we identified a protein that significantly inhibited the growth of self-pollen tubes, which is the defining property of an S-RNase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Shiying Su
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lili Fu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Hualin Yi
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Chuanwu Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Citrus Biology, Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Xiuxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lijun Chai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (Central Region), MOA, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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20
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Pease JB, Guerrero RF, Sherman NA, Hahn MW, Moyle LC. Molecular mechanisms of postmating prezygotic reproductive isolation uncovered by transcriptome analysis. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:2592-608. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James B. Pease
- Department of Biology Indiana University 1001 East Third Street Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Rafael F. Guerrero
- Department of Biology Indiana University 1001 East Third Street Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Natasha A. Sherman
- Department of Biology Indiana University 1001 East Third Street Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Matthew W. Hahn
- Department of Biology Indiana University 1001 East Third Street Bloomington IN 47405 USA
- School of Informatics and Computing Indiana University 1001 East Third Street Bloomington IN 47405 USA
| | - Leonie C. Moyle
- Department of Biology Indiana University 1001 East Third Street Bloomington IN 47405 USA
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21
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Alagna F, Cirilli M, Galla G, Carbone F, Daddiego L, Facella P, Lopez L, Colao C, Mariotti R, Cultrera N, Rossi M, Barcaccia G, Baldoni L, Muleo R, Perrotta G. Transcript Analysis and Regulative Events during Flower Development in Olive (Olea europaea L.). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152943. [PMID: 27077738 PMCID: PMC4831748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification and characterization of transcripts involved in flower organ development, plant reproduction and metabolism represent key steps in plant phenotypic and physiological pathways, and may generate high-quality transcript variants useful for the development of functional markers. This study was aimed at obtaining an extensive characterization of the olive flower transcripts, by providing sound information on the candidate MADS-box genes related to the ABC model of flower development and on the putative genetic and molecular determinants of ovary abortion and pollen-pistil interaction. The overall sequence data, obtained by pyrosequencing of four cDNA libraries from flowers at different developmental stages of three olive varieties with distinct reproductive features (Leccino, Frantoio and Dolce Agogia), included approximately 465,000 ESTs, which gave rise to more than 14,600 contigs and approximately 92,000 singletons. As many as 56,700 unigenes were successfully annotated and provided gene ontology insights into the structural organization and putative molecular function of sequenced transcripts and deduced proteins in the context of their corresponding biological processes. Differentially expressed genes with potential regulatory roles in biosynthetic pathways and metabolic networks during flower development were identified. The gene expression studies allowed us to select the candidate genes that play well-known molecular functions in a number of biosynthetic pathways and specific biological processes that affect olive reproduction. A sound understanding of gene functions and regulatory networks that characterize the olive flower is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiammetta Alagna
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Cirilli
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecophysiology and Biotechnology of Woody Plants, Department of Agricultural and Forestry Science, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Giulio Galla
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Genomics, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Fabrizio Carbone
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TRISAIA Research Center, Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Loretta Daddiego
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TRISAIA Research Center, Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Paolo Facella
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TRISAIA Research Center, Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Loredana Lopez
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TRISAIA Research Center, Rotondella (MT), Italy
| | - Chiara Colao
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecophysiology and Biotechnology of Woody Plants, Department of Agricultural and Forestry Science, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Roberto Mariotti
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
| | - Nicolò Cultrera
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
| | - Martina Rossi
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gianni Barcaccia
- Laboratory of Plant Genetics and Genomics, DAFNAE, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Luciana Baldoni
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Perugia, Italy
- * E-mail: (RM); (LB)
| | - Rosario Muleo
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecophysiology and Biotechnology of Woody Plants, Department of Agricultural and Forestry Science, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
- * E-mail: (RM); (LB)
| | - Gaetano Perrotta
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, TRISAIA Research Center, Rotondella (MT), Italy
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22
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Li M, Wang K, Li S, Yang P. Exploration of rice pistil responses during early post-pollination through a combined proteomic and transcriptomic analysis. J Proteomics 2015; 131:214-226. [PMID: 26546731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Pollen-stigma interaction is a multi-step and complex physiological process which contains different signaling and biochemical pathways. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying this process in rice (Oryza sativa). In this study, the changes of gene expression were investigated through a combination study of transcriptome and proteome profiles in rice pistil during pollination. Totally, 1117 differentially expressed genes were identified, among which 962 and 167 were detected at transcriptional and protein level respectively. Functional categorization analysis showed that the genes involved in central metabolism were up-regulated, which can lead to the enhancement of these metabolisms. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) were over-accumulated in the stigma. In response to this, the proteins or transcripts involved in redox homeostasis regulation were differentially expressed. Furthermore, significant changes of protein ubiquitination and its related genes or proteins, especially some E3 ligases encoding genes, indicate that protein ubiquitination might play important roles in cell signal transduction during the pollination process. Our study sheds some lights on gene and protein expression profiles of rice pistil pollination process, and gives us a comprehensive understanding of the basic molecular mechanisms controlling pollination in rice. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE Using RNA-seq, 2-DE and iTRAQ assays, we have generated the large-scale transcriptomic and proteomic data containing abundant information on genes involved in pollen and pistil interaction. Our results showed that ROS were significantly accumulated in stigma after pollination, and the abundance of genes involve in redox homeostasis system were changed variously. We also show that, changes of some E3 ligases encoding genes might indicate that protein ubiquitination play important roles in cell signal transduction during the pollination process. Data in this study might be helpful to deeply understand the pollination in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Speciality Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Pingfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Speciality Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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Li W, Chetelat RT. Unilateral incompatibility gene ui1.1 encodes an S-locus F-box protein expressed in pollen of Solanum species. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:4417-22. [PMID: 25831517 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1423301112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Unilateral interspecific incompatibility (UI) is a postpollination, prezygotic reproductive barrier that prevents hybridization between related species when the female parent is self-incompatible (SI) and the male parent is self-compatible (SC). In tomato and related Solanum species, two genes, ui1.1 and ui6.1, are required for pollen compatibility on pistils of SI species or hybrids. We previously showed that ui6.1 encodes a Cullin1 (CUL1) protein. Here we report that ui1.1 encodes an S-locus F-box (SLF) protein. The ui1.1 gene was mapped to a 0.43-cM, 43.2-Mbp interval at the S-locus on chromosome 1, but positional cloning was hampered by low recombination frequency. We hypothesized that ui1.1 encodes an SLF protein(s) that interacts with CUL1 and Skp1 proteins to form an SCF-type (Skp1, Cullin1, F-box) ubiquitin E3 ligase complex. We identified 23 SLF genes in the S. pennellii genome, of which 19 were also represented in cultivated tomato (S. lycopersicum). Data from recombination events, expression analysis, and sequence annotation highlighted 11 S. pennellii genes as candidates. Genetic transformations demonstrated that one of these, SpSLF-23, is sufficient for ui1.1 function. A survey of cultivated and wild tomato species identified SLF-23 orthologs in each of the SI species, but not in the SC species S. lycopersicum, S. cheesmaniae, and S. galapagense, pollen of which lacks ui1.1 function. These results demonstrate that pollen compatibility in UI is mediated by protein degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, a mechanism related to that which controls pollen recognition in SI.
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Baek YS, Covey PA, Petersen JJ, Chetelat RT, McClure B, Bedinger PA. Testing the SI × SC rule: Pollen-pistil interactions in interspecific crosses between members of the tomato clade (Solanum section Lycopersicon, Solanaceae). Am J Bot 2015; 102:302-11. [PMID: 25667082 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1400484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Interspecific reproductive barriers (IRBs) act to ensure species integrity by preventing hybridization. Previous studies on interspecific crosses in the tomato clade have focused on the success of fruit and seed set. The SI × SC rule (SI species × SC species crosses are incompatible, but the reciprocal crosses are compatible) often applies to interspecific crosses. Because SI systems in the Solanaceae affect pollen tube growth, we focused on this process in a comprehensive study of interspecific crosses in the tomato clade to test whether the SI × SC rule was always followed. METHODS Pollen tube growth was assessed in reciprocal crosses between all 13 species of the tomato clade using fluorescence microscopy. KEY RESULTS In crosses between SC and SI species, pollen tube growth follows the SI × SC rule: interspecific pollen tube rejection occurs when SI species are pollinated by SC species, but in the reciprocal crosses (SC × SI), pollen tubes reach ovaries. However, pollen tube rejection occurred in some crosses between pairs of SC species, demonstrating that a fully functional SI system is not necessary for pollen tube rejection in interspecific crosses. Further, gradations in the strength of both pistil and pollen IRBs were revealed in interspecific crosses using SC populations of generally SI species. CONCLUSION The SI × SC rule explains many of the compatibility relations in the tomato clade, but exceptions occur with more recently evolved SC species and accessions, revealing differences in strength of both pistil and pollen IRBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Soon Baek
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1878 USA
| | - Paul A Covey
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1878 USA
| | - Jennifer J Petersen
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616 USA
| | - Roger T Chetelat
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616 USA
| | - Bruce McClure
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, Missouri 65211 USA
| | - Patricia A Bedinger
- Department of Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1878 USA
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Brito MS, Bertolino LT, Cossalter V, Quiapim AC, DePaoli HC, Goldman GH, Teixeira SP, Goldman MHS. Pollination triggers female gametophyte development in immature Nicotiana tabacum flowers. Front Plant Sci 2015; 6:561. [PMID: 26257764 PMCID: PMC4510347 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In Nicotiana tabacum, female gametophytes are not fully developed at anthesis, but flower buds pollinated 12 h before anthesis produce mature embryo sacs. We investigated several pollination-associated parameters in N. tabacum flower buds to determine the developmental timing of important events in preparation for successful fertilization. First, we performed hand pollinations in flowers from stages 4 to 11 to study at which developmental stage pollination would produce fruits. A Peroxtesmo test was performed to correlate peroxidase activity on the stigma surface, indicative of stigma receptivity, with fruit set. Pollen tube growth and female gametophyte development were microscopically analyzed in pistils of different developmental stages. Fruits were obtained only after pollinations of flower buds at late stage 7 and older; fruit weight and seed germination capacity increased as the developmental stage of the pollinated flower approached anthesis. Despite positive peroxidase activity and pollen tube growth, pistils at stages 5 and 6 were unable to produce fruits. At late stage 7, female gametophytes were undergoing first mitotic division. After 24 h, female gametophytes of unpollinated pistils were still in the end of the first division, whereas those of pollinated pistils showed egg cells. RT-qPCR assay showed that the expression of the NtEC1 gene, a marker of egg cell development, is considerably higher in pollinated late stage 7 ovaries compared with unpollinated ovaries. To test whether ethylene is the signal eliciting female gametophyte maturation, the expression of ACC synthase was examined in unpollinated and pollinated stage 6 and late stage 7 stigmas/styles. Pollination induced NtACS expression in stage 6 pistils, which are unable to produce fruits. Our results show that pollination is a stimulus capable of triggering female gametophyte development in immature tobacco flowers and suggests the existence of a yet undefined signal sensed by the pistil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. Brito
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento de Plantas, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho,”Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Lígia T. Bertolino
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Viviane Cossalter
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Andréa C. Quiapim
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Henrique C. DePaoli
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H. Goldman
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Simone P. Teixeira
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maria H. S. Goldman
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São PauloRibeirão Preto, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Maria H. S. Goldman, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900 Ribeirão Preto, SP – CEP 14040-901, Brazil,
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Nazemof N, Couroux P, Rampitsch C, Xing T, Robert LS. Proteomic profiling reveals insights into Triticeae stigma development and function. J Exp Bot 2014; 65:6069-80. [PMID: 25170101 PMCID: PMC4203142 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To our knowledge, this study represents the first high-throughput characterization of a stigma proteome in the Triticeae. A total of 2184 triticale mature stigma proteins were identified using three different gel-based approaches combined with mass spectrometry. The great majority of these proteins are described in a Triticeae stigma for the first time. These results revealed many proteins likely to play important roles in stigma development and pollen-stigma interactions, as well as protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Quantitative comparison of the triticale stigma transcriptome and proteome showed poor correlation, highlighting the importance of having both types of analysis. This work makes a significant contribution towards the elucidation of the Triticeae stigma proteome and provides novel insights into its role in stigma development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Nazemof
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0C6 Carleton University, Department of Biology, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6
| | - Philippe Couroux
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0C6
| | - Christof Rampitsch
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Cereal Research Centre, 101 Route 100, Morden, MB, Canada R6M 1Y5
| | - Tim Xing
- Carleton University, Department of Biology, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1S 5B6
| | - Laurian S Robert
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0C6
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Yue X, Gao XQ, Wang F, Dong Y, Li X, Zhang XS. Transcriptional evidence for inferred pattern of pollen tube-stigma metabolic coupling during pollination. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107046. [PMID: 25215523 PMCID: PMC4162560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It is difficult to derive all qualitative proteomic and metabolomic experimental data in male (pollen tube) and female (pistil) reproductive tissues during pollination because of the limited sensitivity of current technology. In this study, genome-scale enzyme correlation network models for plants (Arabidopsis/maize) were constructed by analyzing the enzymes and metabolic routes from a global perspective. Then, we developed a data-driven computational pipeline using the "guilt by association" principle to analyze the transcriptional coexpression profiles of enzymatic genes in the consecutive steps for metabolic routes in the fast-growing pollen tube and stigma during pollination. The analysis identified an inferred pattern of pollen tube-stigma ethanol coupling. When the pollen tube elongates in the transmitting tissue (TT) of the pistil, this elongation triggers the mobilization of energy from glycolysis in the TT cells of the pistil. Energy-rich metabolites (ethanol) are secreted that can be taken up by the pollen tube, where these metabolites are incorporated into the pollen tube's tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, which leads to enhanced ATP production for facilitating pollen tube growth. In addition, our analysis also provided evidence for the cooperation of kaempferol, dTDP-alpha-L-rhamnose and cell-wall-related proteins; phosphatidic-acid-mediated Ca2+ oscillations and cytoskeleton; and glutamate degradation IV for γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signaling activation in Arabidopsis and maize stigmas to provide the signals and materials required for pollen tube tip growth. In particular, the "guilt by association" computational pipeline and the genome-scale enzyme correlation network models (GECN) developed in this study was initiated with experimental "omics" data, followed by data analysis and data integration to determine correlations, and could provide a new platform to assist inachieving a deeper understanding of the co-regulation and inter-regulation model in plant research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
- College of Information Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xin-Qi Gao
- College of Information Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Information Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - YuXiu Dong
- College of Information Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - XingGuo Li
- College of Information Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xian Sheng Zhang
- College of Information Sciences and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
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28
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Tovar-Méndez A, Kumar A, Kondo K, Ashford A, Baek YS, Welch L, Bedinger PA, McClure BA. Restoring pistil-side self-incompatibility factors recapitulates an interspecific reproductive barrier between tomato species. Plant J 2014; 77:727-36. [PMID: 24387692 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Interspecific reproductive barriers are poorly understood, but are central to the biological species concept. The pre-zygotic barriers between red- and green-fruited species in the tomato clade of the genus Solanum provide a model to better understand these barriers in plants. Compatibility usually follows the SI x SC rule: pollen from self-compatible (SC) red-fruited species is rejected on pistils of the predominantly self-incompatible (SI) green-fruited species, but the reciprocal crosses are compatible. This suggests that the interspecific reproductive barrier may be linked to the intraspecific SI mechanism. However, pollen from the SC red-fruited species is also rejected by SC accessions of green-fruited species that lack S-RNase, a key protein expressed in pistils of SI Solanum species. Thus, multiple mechanisms may contribute to the barrier between red- and green-fruited species. We tested whether an S-RNase-dependent barrier is sufficient for rejection of pollen from red-fruited species by introducing functional S-RNase, HT-A and HT-B genes from SI species into Solanum lycopersicum (cultivated tomato). We found that expressing S-RNase in combination with either HT-A or HT-B in the pistil is sufficient to cause rejection of pollen from all four red-fruited species. Thus, redundant mechanisms must operate side by side to prevent crosses between red- and green-fruited species in the clade, underlining the complexity of interspecific pollination barriers. Our results also have implications for mating system transitions. We suggest that these transitions must occur in a specific sequence, and that the transition from SI to SC also affects interspecific compatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Tovar-Méndez
- Division of Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Columbia, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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Abstract
Quantitative proteomics by LC-MS/MS is a widely used approach for quantifying a significant portion of any complex proteome. Among the different techniques used for this purpose, one is by use of Data Independent Acquisition (DIA). We present a descriptive protocol for label-free quantitation of proteins by one DIA method termed LC-MS(E), which facilitates large-scale quantification of proteins without the need for isotopic labelling and with no theoretical limit to the number of samples included in an experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Savidor
- Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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30
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Long W, Li Y, Zhou W, Ling HQ, Zheng S. Sequence-based SSR marker development and their application in defining the Introgressions of LA0716 (Solanum pennellii) in the background of cv. M82 (Solanum lycopersicum). PLoS One 2013; 8:e81091. [PMID: 24339899 PMCID: PMC3855227 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The introgression lines (ILs) from cv. M82 (Solanum lycopersicum) × LA0716 (S. pennellii) have been proven to be exceptionally useful for genetic analysis and gene cloning. The introgressions were originally defined by RFLP markers at their development. The objectives of this study are to develop polymorphic SSR markers, and to re-define the DNA introgression from LA0716 in the ILs. Tomato sequence data was scanned by software to generate SSR markers. In total, 829 SSRs, which could be robustly amplified by PCR, were developed. Among them, 658 SSRs were dinucleotide repeats, 162 were trinucleotide repeats, and nine were tetranucleotide repeats. The 829 SSRs together with 96 published RFLPs were integrated into the physical linkage map of S. lycopersicum. Introgressions of DNA fragments from LA0716 were re-defined among the 75 ILs using the newly developed SSRs. A specific introgression of DNA fragment from LA0716 was identified in 72 ILs as described previously by RFLP, whereas the specific DNA introgression described previously were not detected in the ILs LA4035, LA4059 and LA4091. The physical location of each investigated DNA introgression was finely determined by SSR mapping. Among the 72 ILs, eight ILs showed a shorter and three ILs (IL3-2, IL12-3 and IL12-3-1) revealed a longer DNA introgression than that framed by RFLPs. Furthermore, 54 previously undefined segments were found in 21 ILs, ranging from 1 to 11 DNA introgressions per IL. Generally, the newly developed SSRs provide additional markers for genetic studies of tomatoes, and the fine definition of DNA introgressions from LA0716 would facilitate the use of the ILs for genetic analysis and gene cloning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Long
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Qing Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (H-QL); (SZ)
| | - Shusong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (H-QL); (SZ)
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Sankaranarayanan S, Jamshed M, Samuel MA. Proteomics approaches advance our understanding of plant self-incompatibility response. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:4717-26. [PMID: 24047343 DOI: 10.1021/pr400716r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) in plants is a genetic mechanism that prevents self-fertilization and promotes out-crossing needed to maintain genetic diversity. SI has been classified into two broad categories: the gametophytic self-incompatibility (GSI) and the sporophytic self-incompatibility (SSI) based on the genetic mechanisms involved in 'self' pollen rejection. Recent proteomic approaches to identify potential candidates involved in SI have shed light onto a number of previously unidentified mechanisms required for SI response. SI proteome research has progressed from the use of isoelectric focusing in early days to the latest third-generation technique of comparative isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) used in recent times. We will focus on the proteome-based approaches used to study self-incompatibility (GSI and SSI), recent developments in the field of incompatibility research with emphasis on SSI and future prospects of using proteomic approaches to study self-incompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subramanian Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary , BI 392, 2500 University Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
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