1
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Malhotra B, Kumar P, Bisht NC. Defense versus growth trade-offs: Insights from glucosinolates and their catabolites. Plant Cell Environ 2023; 46:2964-2984. [PMID: 36207995 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Specialized metabolites are a structurally diverse group of naturally occurring compounds that facilitate plant-environment interactions. Their synthesis and maintenance in plants is overall a resource-demanding process that occurs at the expense of growth and reproduction and typically incurs several costs. Evidence emerging on different specialized compounds suggests that they serve multiple auxiliary functions to influence and moderate primary metabolism in plants. These new functionalities enable them to mediate trade-offs from defenses to growth and also to offset their production and maintenance costs in plants. Recent research on glucosinolates (GSLs), which are specialized metabolites of Brassicales, demonstrates their emerging multifunctionalities to fine-tune plant growth and development under variable environments. Herein, we present findings from the septennium on individual GSLs and their catabolites (GHPs) per se, that work as mobile signals within plants to mediate precise regulations of their primary physiological functions. Both GSLs and GHPs calibrate growth-defense trade-off interactions either synergistically or directly when they function as storage compounds, abiotic stress alleviators, and one-to-one regulators of growth pathways in plants. We finally summarize the overall lessons learned from GSLs and GHPs as a model and raise the most pressing questions to address the molecular-genetic intricacies of specialized metabolite-based trade-offs in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhanu Malhotra
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Naveen C Bisht
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
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2
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De la Peña M, Ruiz-Romero R, Romero HM. Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Oil Palm Seedlings: Unraveling the Untapped Potential of Elevated External Ammonium Supply. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2819. [PMID: 37570973 PMCID: PMC10421314 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) is an essential nitrogen source for plants, but excessive exposure can trigger stress responses that vary among and within different plant species. This study investigated the phenotypic variations in response to ammonium nutrition in five oil palm genotypes seedlings. Nitrate nutrition was used as a reference for a non-stressful condition, and three different nitrogen concentrations (5, 10, and 15 mM) were examined. Control groups without external nitrogen application were included for each genotype. Several parameters were analyzed, including plant growth, root length, gas exchange, fluorescence, chlorophyll, reducing sugars, amino acids, proteins, and nitrogen uptake. The results revealed a significant genotype effect, particularly between the interspecific OxG hybrid and the Elaeis guinensis genotypes. Ammonium nutrition increased shoot growth in all genotypes compared to nitrate nutrition. Additionally, there was a trend towards increased primary root length, amino acids, proteins, and nitrogen uptake under ammonium supply. These findings are promising, particularly considering the recommendation to use ammonium with inhibitors for environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon De la Peña
- Oil Palm Biology and Breeding Research Program, Colombian Oil Palm Research Center—Cenipalma, Bogotá 11121, Colombia; (M.D.l.P.); (R.R.-R.)
| | - Rodrigo Ruiz-Romero
- Oil Palm Biology and Breeding Research Program, Colombian Oil Palm Research Center—Cenipalma, Bogotá 11121, Colombia; (M.D.l.P.); (R.R.-R.)
| | - Hernán Mauricio Romero
- Oil Palm Biology and Breeding Research Program, Colombian Oil Palm Research Center—Cenipalma, Bogotá 11121, Colombia; (M.D.l.P.); (R.R.-R.)
- Department of Biology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 11132, Colombia
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3
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Ortigosa F, Lobato-Fernández C, Pérez-Claros JA, Cantón FR, Ávila C, Cánovas FM, Cañas RA. Epitranscriptome changes triggered by ammonium nutrition regulate the proteome response of maritime pine roots. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1102044. [PMID: 36618661 PMCID: PMC9815506 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1102044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Epitranscriptome constitutes a gene expression checkpoint in all living organisms. Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and development that influences gene expression at different levels such as epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. Therefore, our hypothesis is that changes in the epitranscriptome may regulate nitrogen metabolism. In this study, epitranscriptomic modifications caused by ammonium nutrition were monitored in maritime pine roots using Oxford Nanopore Technology. Transcriptomic responses mainly affected transcripts involved in nitrogen and carbon metabolism, defense, hormone synthesis/signaling, and translation. Global detection of epitranscriptomic marks was performed to evaluate this posttranscriptional mechanism in un/treated seedlings. Increased N6-methyladenosine (m6A) deposition in the 3'-UTR was observed in response to ammonium, which seems to be correlated with poly(A) lengths and changes in the relative abundance of the corresponding proteins. The results showed that m6A deposition and its dynamics seem to be important regulators of translation under ammonium nutrition. These findings suggest that protein translation is finely regulated through epitranscriptomic marks likely by changes in mRNA poly(A) length, transcript abundance and ribosome protein composition. An integration of multiomics data suggests that the epitranscriptome modulates responses to nutritional, developmental and environmental changes through buffering, filtering, and focusing the final products of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Ortigosa
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - César Lobato-Fernández
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Concepción Ávila
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco M. Cánovas
- Grupo de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología de Plantas, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael A. Cañas
- Integrative Molecular Biology Lab, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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4
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Katz E, Knapp A, Lensink M, Keller CK, Stefani J, Li JJ, Shane E, Tuermer-Lee K, Bloom AJ, Kliebenstein DJ. Genetic variation underlying differential ammonium and nitrate responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell 2022; 34:4696-4713. [PMID: 36130068 PMCID: PMC9709984 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is an essential element required for plant growth and productivity. Understanding the mechanisms and natural genetic variation underlying nitrogen use in plants will facilitate the engineering of plant nitrogen use to maximize crop productivity while minimizing environmental costs. To understand the scope of natural variation that may influence nitrogen use, we grew 1,135 Arabidopsis thaliana natural genotypes on two nitrogen sources, nitrate and ammonium, and measured both developmental and defense metabolite traits. By using different environments and focusing on multiple traits, we identified a wide array of different nitrogen responses. These responses are associated with numerous genes, most of which were not previously associated with nitrogen responses. Only a small portion of these genes appear to be shared between environments or traits, while most are predominantly specific to a developmental or defense trait under a specific nitrogen source. Finally, by using a large population, we were able to identify unique nitrogen responses, such as preferring ammonium or nitrate, which appear to be generated by combinations of loci rather than a few large-effect loci. This suggests that it may be possible to obtain novel phenotypes in complex nitrogen responses by manipulating sets of genes with small effects rather than solely focusing on large-effect single gene manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Katz
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Anna Knapp
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Mariele Lensink
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
- Integrative Genetics and Genomics Graduate Group, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Caroline Kaley Keller
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
- Plant Biology Graduate Group, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Jordan Stefani
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Jia-Jie Li
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Emily Shane
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Kaelyn Tuermer-Lee
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Arnold J Bloom
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Daniel J Kliebenstein
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA
- DynaMo Center of Excellence, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
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5
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Zhou H, Zhou Y, Zhai F, Wu T, Xie Y, Xu G, Foyer CH. Rice seedlings grown under high ammonia do not show enhanced defence responses. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhou
- College of Life Sciences Laboratory Center of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Life Sciences Laboratory Center of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Fengchao Zhai
- College of Life Sciences Laboratory Center of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Life Sciences Laboratory Center of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Yanjie Xie
- College of Life Sciences Laboratory Center of Life Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low‐Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing210095China
| | - Christine H. Foyer
- School of Biosciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Edgbaston UK
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6
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Poucet T, González-Moro MB, Cabasson C, Beauvoit B, Gibon Y, Dieuaide-Noubhani M, Marino D. Ammonium supply induces differential metabolic adaptive responses in tomato according to leaf phenological stage. J Exp Bot 2021; 72:3185-3199. [PMID: 33578414 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) are the main inorganic nitrogen sources available to plants. However, exclusive ammonium nutrition may lead to stress characterized by growth inhibition, generally associated with a profound metabolic reprogramming. In this work, we investigated how metabolism adapts according to leaf position in the vertical axis of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. M82) plants grown with NH4+, NO3-, or NH4NO3 supply. We dissected leaf biomass composition and metabolism through an integrative analysis of metabolites, ions, and enzyme activities. Under ammonium nutrition, carbon and nitrogen metabolism were more perturbed in mature leaves than in young ones, overall suggesting a trade-off between NH4+ accumulation and assimilation to preserve young leaves from ammonium stress. Moreover, NH4+-fed plants exhibited changes in carbon partitioning, accumulating sugars and starch at the expense of organic acids, compared with plants supplied with NO3-. We explain such reallocation by the action of the biochemical pH-stat as a mechanism to compensate the differential proton production that depends on the nitrogen source provided. This work also underlines that the regulation of leaf primary metabolism is dependent on both leaf phenological stage and the nitrogen source provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théo Poucet
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo., Bilbao, Spain
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - María Begoña González-Moro
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo., Bilbao, Spain
| | - Cécile Cabasson
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | | | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo., Bilbao, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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7
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Wang W, Du J, Chen L, Zeng Y, Tan X, Shi Q, Pan X, Wu Z, Zeng Y. Transcriptomic, proteomic, and physiological comparative analyses of flooding mitigation of the damage induced by low-temperature stress in direct seeded early indica rice at the seedling stage. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:176. [PMID: 33706696 PMCID: PMC7952222 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low temperature (LT) often occurs at the seedling stage in the early rice-growing season, especially for direct seeded early-season indica rice, and using flooding irrigation can mitigate LT damage in rice seedlings. The molecular mechanism by which flooding mitigates the damage induced by LT stress has not been fully elucidated. Thus, LT stress at 8 °C, LT accompanied by flooding (LTF) and CK (control) treatments were established for 3 days to determine the transcriptomic, proteomic and physiological response in direct seeded rice seedlings at the seedling stage. RESULTS LT damaged chloroplasts, and thylakoid lamellae, and increased osmiophilic bodies and starch grains compared to CK, but LTF alleviated the damage to chloroplast structure caused by LT. The physiological characteristics of treated plants showed that compared with LT, LTF significantly increased the contents of rubisco, chlorophyll, PEPCK, ATP and GA3 but significantly decreased soluble protein, MDA and ABA contents. 4D-label-free quantitative proteomic profiling showed that photosynthesis-responsive proteins, such as phytochrome, as well as chlorophyll and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were significantly downregulated in LT/CK and LTF/CK comparison groups. However, compared with LT, phytochrome, chlorophyllide oxygenase activity and the glucan branching enzyme in LTF were significantly upregulated in rice leaves. Transcriptomic and proteomic studies identified 72,818 transcripts and 5639 proteins, and 4983 genes that were identified at both the transcriptome and proteome levels. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were significantly enriched in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION Through transcriptomic, proteomic and physiological analyses, we determined that a variety of metabolic pathway changes were induced by LT and LTF. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses demonstrated that DEGs and DEPs were associated with photosynthesis pathways, antioxidant enzymes and energy metabolism pathway-related proteins. Our study provided new insights for efforts to reduce the damage to direct seeded rice caused by low-temperature stress and provided a breeding target for low temperature flooding-resistant cultivars. Further analysis of translational regulation and metabolites may help to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which flooding mitigates low-temperature stress in direct seeded early indica rice at the seedling stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education / Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice / College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Jie Du
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education / Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice / College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education / Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice / College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Yongjun Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education / Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice / College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Xueming Tan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education / Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice / College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Qinghua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education / Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice / College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Xiaohua Pan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education / Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice / College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Ziming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education / Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice / College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Yanhua Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education / Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice / College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
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8
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González-Moro MB, González-Moro I, de la Peña M, Estavillo JM, Aparicio-Tejo PM, Marino D, González-Murua C, Vega-Mas I. A Multi-Species Analysis Defines Anaplerotic Enzymes and Amides as Metabolic Markers for Ammonium Nutrition. Front Plant Sci 2021; 11:632285. [PMID: 33584765 PMCID: PMC7873483 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.632285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate and ammonium are the main nitrogen sources in agricultural soils. In the last decade, ammonium (NH4 +), a double-sided metabolite, has attracted considerable attention by researchers. Its ubiquitous presence in plant metabolism and its metabolic energy economy for being assimilated contrast with its toxicity when present in high amounts in the external medium. Plant species can adopt different strategies to maintain NH4 + homeostasis, as the maximization of its compartmentalization and assimilation in organic compounds, primarily as amino acids and proteins. In the present study, we report an integrative metabolic response to ammonium nutrition of seven plant species, belonging to four different families: Gramineae (ryegrass, wheat, Brachypodium distachyon), Leguminosae (clover), Solanaceae (tomato), and Brassicaceae (oilseed rape, Arabidopsis thaliana). We use principal component analysis (PCA) and correlations among metabolic and biochemical data from 40 experimental conditions to understand the whole-plant response. The nature of main amino acids is analyzed among species, under the hypothesis that those Asn-accumulating species will show a better response to ammonium nutrition. Given the provision of carbon (C) skeletons is crucial for promotion of the nitrogen assimilation, the role of different anaplerotic enzymes is discussed in relation to ammonium nutrition at a whole-plant level. Among these enzymes, isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH) shows to be a good candidate to increase nitrogen assimilation in plants. Overall, metabolic adaptation of different carbon anaplerotic activities is linked with the preference to synthesize Asn or Gln in their organs. Lastly, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) reveals as an important enzyme to surpass C limitation during ammonium assimilation in roots, with a disparate collaboration of glutamine synthetase (GS).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Itziar González-Moro
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Marlon de la Peña
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - José María Estavillo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Pedro M. Aparicio-Tejo
- Instituto Multidisciplinar de Biología Aplicada (IMAB), Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Carmen González-Murua
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Izargi Vega-Mas
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Spain
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9
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Abstract
Glucosinolates are secondary defense metabolites produced by plants of the order Brassicales, which includes the model species Arabidopsis and many crop species. In the past 13 years, the regulation of glucosinolate synthesis in plants has been intensively studied, with recent research revealing complex molecular mechanisms that connect glucosinolate production with responses to other central pathways. In this review, we discuss how the regulation of glucosinolate biosynthesis is ecologically relevant for plants, how it is controlled by transcription factors, and how this transcriptional machinery interacts with hormonal, environmental, and epigenetic mechanisms. We present the central players in glucosinolate regulation, MYB and basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, as well as the plant hormone jasmonate, which together with other hormones and environmental signals allow the coordinated and rapid regulation of glucosinolate genes. Furthermore, we highlight the regulatory connections between glucosinolates, auxin, and sulfur metabolism and discuss emerging insights and open questions on the regulation of glucosinolate biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Mitreiter
- Institute for Plant Sciences and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tamara Gigolashvili
- Institute for Plant Sciences and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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10
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Coleto I, Bejarano I, Marín-Peña AJ, Medina J, Rioja C, Burow M, Marino D. Arabidopsis thaliana transcription factors MYB28 and MYB29 shape ammonium stress responses by regulating Fe homeostasis. New Phytol 2021; 229:1021-1035. [PMID: 32901916 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although ammonium (NH4+ ) is a key intermediate of plant nitrogen metabolism, high concentrations of NH4+ in the soil provoke physiological disorders that lead to the development of stress symptoms. Ammonium nutrition was shown to induce the accumulation of glucosinolates (GSLs) in leaves of different Brassicaceae species. To further understand the link between ammonium nutrition and GSLs, we analysed the ammonium stress response of Arabidopsis mutants impaired in GSL metabolic pathway. We showed that the MYB28 and MYB29 double mutant (myb28myb29), which is almost deprived of aliphatic GSLs, is highly hypersensitive to ammonium nutrition. Moreover, we evidenced that the stress symptoms developed were not a consequence of the lack of aliphatic GSLs. Transcriptomic analysis highlighted the induction of an iron (Fe) deficiency response in myb28myb29 under ammonium nutrition. Consistently, ammonium-grown myb28myb29 plants showed altered Fe accumulation and homeostasis. Interestingly, we showed overall that growing Arabidopsis with increased Fe availability relieved ammonium stress symptoms and that this was associated with MYB28 and MYB29 expression. Taken together, our data indicated that the control of Fe homeostasis was crucial for the Arabidopsis response to ammonium nutrition and evidenced that MYB28 and MYB29 play a role in this control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Coleto
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, Bilbao, E-48080, Spain
| | - Iraide Bejarano
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, Bilbao, E-48080, Spain
| | - Agustín Javier Marín-Peña
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, Bilbao, E-48080, Spain
| | - Joaquín Medina
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo, Autopista M40 (km 38), Madrid, 28223, Spain
| | - Cristina Rioja
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, DynaMo Center, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Meike Burow
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, DynaMo Center, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, Bilbao, E-48080, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, E-48011, Spain
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11
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Chhajed S, Mostafa I, He Y, Abou-hashem M, El-domiaty M, Chen S. Glucosinolate Biosynthesis and the Glucosinolate–Myrosinase System in Plant Defense. Agronomy 2020; 10:1786. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10111786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insect pests represent a major global challenge to important agricultural crops. Insecticides are often applied to combat such pests, but their use has caused additional challenges such as environmental contamination and human health issues. Over millions of years, plants have evolved natural defense mechanisms to overcome insect pests and pathogens. One such mechanism is the production of natural repellents or specialized metabolites like glucosinolates. There are three types of glucosinolates produced in the order Brassicales: aliphatic, indole, and benzenic glucosinolates. Upon insect herbivory, a “mustard oil bomb” consisting of glucosinolates and their hydrolyzing enzymes (myrosinases) is triggered to release toxic degradation products that act as insect deterrents. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of glucosinolate biosynthesis, the “mustard oil bomb”, and how these metabolites function in plant defense against pathogens and insects. Understanding these defense mechanisms will not only allow us to harness the benefits of this group of natural metabolites for enhancing pest control in Brassicales crops but also to transfer the “mustard oil bomb” to non-glucosinolate producing crops to boost their defense and thereby reduce the use of chemical pesticides.
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12
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Xun Z, Guo X, Li Y, Wen X, Wang C, Wang Y. Quantitative proteomics analysis of tomato growth inhibition by ammonium nitrogen. Plant Physiol Biochem 2020; 154:129-141. [PMID: 32559517 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
As a single nitrogen source, ammonium (NH4+) can inhibit the growth of plants, especially when applied in excess. Tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomics technology was employed in the current study to explore and analyze the mechanisms of ammonium-induced inhibition. F1 tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) was used in this study. Seedlings at the four leaf-stages grown in a greenhouse were irrigated using nutrient solution with NH4+-N as single nitrogen source (15 mmol L-1, single NO3--N as control) for 5 weeks. Compared to the control, the root biomass of NH4+-N-treated seedlings decreased by 50%. In addition, NH4+ content in roots was 2.83-fold increased and soluble sugar and protein contents were increased. However, the starch content did not change significantly. The activities of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), which are involved in ammonium assimilation, were increased, and glutamine (Gln) content was also increased. However, glutamate (Glu) content, which is important for amino transfer, did not significantly increase. Ammonium assimilation was inhibited. Root quantitative proteomics showed that carbonic anhydrase Q5NE21 was significantly downregulated. Although K4BPV5 and K4D9J3 proteins, which improve ammonium assimilation, were upregulated, ammonium assimilation was limited. In addition, NH4+ accumulated, which is likely due to Q5NE21 downregulation. Meanwhile, cell wall metabolism related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was altered due to the accumulation of NH4+ levels. Subsequently, tomato root growth was inhibited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Xun
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Taiyuan, 030000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaling Li
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiangzhen Wen
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanqi Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
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13
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Maina S, Misinzo G, Bakari G, Kim HY. Human, Animal and Plant Health Benefits of Glucosinolates and Strategies for Enhanced Bioactivity: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2020; 25:E3682. [PMID: 32806771 PMCID: PMC7464879 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSs) are common anionic plant secondary metabolites in the order Brassicales. Together with glucosinolate hydrolysis products (GSHPs), they have recently gained much attention due to their biological activities and mechanisms of action. We review herein the health benefits of GSs/GSHPs, approaches to improve the plant contents, their bioavailability and bioactivity. In this review, only literature published between 2010 and March 2020 was retrieved from various scientific databases. Findings indicate that these compounds (natural, pure, synthetic, and derivatives) play an important role in human/animal health (disease therapy and prevention), plant health (defense chemicals, biofumigants/biocides), and food industries (preservatives). Overall, much interest is focused on in vitro studies as anti-cancer and antimicrobial agents. GS/GSHP levels improvement in plants utilizes mostly biotic/abiotic stresses and short periods of phytohormone application. Their availability and bioactivity are directly proportional to their contents at the source, which is affected by methods of food preparation, processing, and extraction. This review concludes that, to a greater extent, there is a need to explore and improve GS-rich sources, which should be emphasized to obtain natural bioactive compounds/active ingredients that can be included among synthetic and commercial products for use in maintaining and promoting health. Furthermore, the development of advanced research on compounds pharmacokinetics, their molecular mode of action, genetics based on biosynthesis, their uses in promoting the health of living organisms is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Maina
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon 25451, Korea;
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.M.); (G.B.)
- SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania
| | - Gerald Misinzo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.M.); (G.B.)
- SACIDS Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania
| | - Gaymary Bakari
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro 25523, Tanzania; (G.M.); (G.B.)
| | - Ho-Youn Kim
- Smart Farm Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung, Gangwon 25451, Korea;
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14
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Li M, Xie F, Li J, Sun B, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Chen Q, Wang Y, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Wang X, Tang H. Tumorous Stem Development of Brassica Juncea: A Complex Regulatory Network of Stem Formation and Identification of Key Genes in Glucosinolate Biosynthesis. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1006. [PMID: 32784853 PMCID: PMC7466272 DOI: 10.3390/plants9081006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stem mustard is a stem variety of mustard, an important Brassica vegetable. The formation and development of the tumorous stem, which is the key organ for the direct yield and quality, is a complex biological process involving morphogenesis, material accumulation and gene regulation. In this study, we demonstrated through anatomical studies that stem swelling is mainly dependent on the increase in the number of cells and the volume of parenchyma cells in the cortex and pith. To further understand transcript and metabolic changes during stem swelling, we obtained 27,901 differentially expressed genes, of which 671 were specifically detected using transcriptome sequencing technology in all four stages of stem swelling. Functional annotation identified enrichment for genes involved in photosynthesis, energy metabolism, cell growth, sulfur metabolism and glucosinolate biosynthesis. Glucosinolates are a group of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing secondary metabolites, which largely exist in the Cruciferous vegetables. HPLC analysis of the contents and components of glucosinolates in four different stem development stages revealed eight glucosinolates, namely, three aliphatic glucosinolates (sinigrin, glucoalyssin and gluconapin), four indole glucosinolates (4-hydroxyglucobrassicin, glucobrassicin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin and neoglucobrassicin) and one aromatic glucosinolate (gluconasturtiin). All these types of glucosinolates showed a significant downward trend during the stem swelling period. The content of aliphatic glucosinolates was the highest, with sinigrin being the main component. In addition, qPCR was used to validate the expression of nine genes involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis. Most of these genes were down-regulated during stem swelling in qPCR, which is consistent with transcriptome data. These data provide a basic resource for further molecular and genetic research on Brassica juncea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Fangjie Xie
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Jie Li
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Bo Sun
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Ya Luo
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Qing Chen
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fen Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
| | - Yunting Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuanxiu Lin
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaorong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Haoru Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (M.L.); (F.X.); (J.L.); (B.S.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (Q.C.); (Y.W.); (F.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (X.W.)
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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15
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Harun S, Abdullah-Zawawi MR, Goh HH, Mohamed-Hussein ZA. A Comprehensive Gene Inventory for Glucosinolate Biosynthetic Pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:7281-7297. [PMID: 32551569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are plant secondary metabolites comprising sulfur and nitrogen mainly found in plants from the order of Brassicales, such as broccoli, cabbage, and Arabidopsis thaliana. The activated forms of GSL play important roles in fighting against pathogens and have health benefits to humans. The increasing amount of data on A. thaliana generated from various omics technologies can be investigated more deeply in search of new genes or compounds involved in GSL biosynthesis and metabolism. This review describes a comprehensive inventory of A. thaliana GSLs identified from published literature and databases such as KNApSAcK, KEGG, and AraCyc. A total of 113 GSL genes encoding for 23 transcription components, 85 enzymes, and five protein transporters were experimentally characterized in the past two decades. Continuous efforts are still on going to identify all molecules related to the production of GSLs. A manually curated database known as SuCCombase (http://plant-scc.org) was developed to serve as a comprehensive GSL inventory. Realizing lack of information on the regulation of GSL biosynthesis and degradation mechanisms, this review also includes relevant information and their connections with crosstalk among various factors, such as light, sulfur metabolism, and nitrogen metabolism, not only in A. thaliana but also in other crucifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarahani Harun
- Centre for Bioinformatics Research, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad-Redha Abdullah-Zawawi
- Centre for Bioinformatics Research, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hoe-Han Goh
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zeti-Azura Mohamed-Hussein
- Centre for Bioinformatics Research, Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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16
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Zhang J, Lv J, Dawuda MM, Xie J, Yu J, Li J, Zhang X, Tang C, Wang C, Gan Y. Appropriate Ammonium-Nitrate Ratio Improves Nutrient Accumulation and Fruit Quality in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). Agronomy 2019; 9:683. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9110683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) are the two forms of inorganic nitrogen essential for physiological and biochemical processes in higher plants, but little is known about how the NH4+:NO3− ratio may affect nitrogen metabolism. This study determined the effect of NH4+:NO3− ratios on plant growth, accumulation, and distribution of nutrient elements, fruit quality, enzyme activity, and relative expression of genes involved in nitrogen (N) metabolism in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.). In a pod experiment, the NH4+:NO3− ratios of 0:100, 12.5:87.5, 25:75, 37.5:62.5, and 50:50 were arranged in a complete randomized design with three replicates. The application of NH4+:NO3− at 25:75 resulted in highest dry matter and N, phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) accumulation. Pepper treated with 25:75 ratio increased root length, surface areas, and root volume and tips. The contents of vitamin C, soluble sugar, soluble protein, total phenols, flavonoids, and capsaicinoids in the fruits were significantly higher with the NH4+:NO3− ratio of 25:75 compared with 0:100 treatment, while lowering nitrate content was found in NH4+:NO3− ratios of 25:75, 37.5:62.5, and 50:50 treatments. Activity of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthases (GOGAT) enzyme and the levels of relative expression of genes coding these enzymes were superior when the NH4+:NO3− ratio of 25:75 were applied. Therefore, an appropriate ratio of NH4+:NO3− (25:75) in nitrogen application can stimulate root development, promote enzyme activities, and enhance the productivity and fruit quality in pepper.
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17
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Xiong Q, Zhong L, Shen T, Cao C, He H, Chen X. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic and physiological analysis of the response to N deficiency and the compensation effect in rice. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:681. [PMID: 31462233 PMCID: PMC6714431 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The crop growth compensation effect is a naturally biological phenomenon, and nitrogen (N) is essential for crop growth and development, especially for yield formation. Little is known about the molecular mechanism of N deficiency and N compensation in rice. Thus, the N-sensitive stage of rice was selected to study N deficiency at the tillering stage and N compensation at the young panicle differentiation stage. In this study, a proteome analysis was performed to analyze leaf differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), and to investigate the leaf physiological characteristics and yield under N deficiency and after N compensation. Results The yield per plant presented an equivalent compensatory effect. The net photosynthetic rate, optimal/maximal quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) value, and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activity of T1 (N deficiency at the tillering stage, and N compensation at the young panicle differentiation stage) were lower than those of CK (N at different stages of growth by constant distribution) under N deficiency. However, after N compensation, the net photosynthetic rate, Fv/Fm, SPAD value and GPT activity were increased. Using an iTRAQ-based quantitative approach, a total of 1665 credible proteins were identified in the three 4-plex iTRAQ experiments. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that DEPs were enriched in photosynthesis, photosynthesis-antenna proteins, carbon metabolism and carbon fixation in the photosynthetic organism pathways. Moreover, the photosynthesis-responsive proteins of chlorophyll a-b binding protein, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small chain and phosphoglycerate kinase were significantly downregulated under N deficiency. After N compensation, chlorophyll a-b binding protein, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 7, and peroxidase proteins were significantly upregulated in rice leaves. Conclusion Through physiological and quantitative proteomic analysis, we concluded that a variety of metabolic pathway changes was induced by N deficiency and N compensation. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that DEPs were significantly associated with photosynthesis pathway-, energy metabolism pathway- and stress resistance-related proteins. The DEPs play an important role in the regulation of N deficiency and the compensation effect in rice. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-019-6031-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.,College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.,College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tianhua Shen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.,College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chaohao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.,College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haohua He
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China. .,College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China. .,Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha, China.
| | - Xiaorong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China. .,College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China. .,Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, Changsha, China.
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18
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de la Peña M, González-Moro MB, Marino D. Providing carbon skeletons to sustain amide synthesis in roots underlines the suitability of Brachypodium distachyon for the study of ammonium stress in cereals. AoB Plants 2019; 11:plz029. [PMID: 31139336 PMCID: PMC6534281 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plz029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Plants mainly acquire N from the soil in the form of nitrate (NO3 -) or ammonium (NH4 +). Ammonium-based nutrition is gaining interest because it helps to avoid the environmental pollution associated with nitrate fertilization. However, in general, plants prefer NO3 - and indeed, when growing only with NH4 + they can encounter so-called ammonium stress. Since Brachypodium distachyon is a useful model species for the study of monocot physiology and genetics, we chose it to characterize performance under ammonium nutrition. Brachypodium distachyon Bd21 plants were grown hydroponically in 1 or 2.5 mM NO3 - or NH4 +. Nitrogen and carbon metabolism associated with NH4 + assimilation was evaluated in terms of tissue contents of NO3 -, NH4 +, K, Mg, Ca, amino acids and organic acids together with tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and NH4 +-assimilating enzyme activities and RNA transcript levels. The roots behaved as a physiological barrier preventing NH4 + translocation to aerial parts, as indicated by a sizeable accumulation of NH4 +, Asn and Gln in the roots. A continuing high NH4 + assimilation rate was made possible by a tuning of the TCA cycle and its associated anaplerotic pathways to match 2-oxoglutarate and oxaloacetate demand for Gln and Asn synthesis. These results show B. distachyon to be a highly suitable tool for the study of the physiological, molecular and genetic basis of ammonium nutrition in cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon de la Peña
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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19
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Rodrigues JM, Lasa B, Betti M, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Santamaría E, González-Murua C, Aparicio-Tejo PM, Marino D. Multi-omic and physiologic approach to understand Lotus japonicus response upon exposure to 3,4 dimethylpyrazole phosphate nitrification inhibitor. Sci Total Environ 2019; 660:1201-1209. [PMID: 30743915 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen fertilization is a major force in global greenhouse gases emissions and causes environmental contamination through nitrate leaching. The use of nitrification inhibitors has been proven successful to mitigate these effects. However, there is an increasing concern about the undesired effects that their potential persistence in the soil or accumulation in plants may provoke. In this study, we first exposed Lotus japonicus plants to high amounts of 3,4 dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and 2-(N-3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) succinic acid isomeric mixture (DMPSA) nitrification inhibitors. Exposure to doses higher than 1 mg·L-1 provoked DMPP accumulation mostly in the aerial part, while DMPSA was only detected from 10 mg·L-1 and nearly no translocation. To evaluate the effect that DMPP accumulation in leaves may provoke on plant performance we combined a transcriptome, proteome, and physiological analysis in plants treated with 10 mg/ L of DMPP. This treatment provoked changes in the expression of 229 genes and 59 proteins. Overall, we evidence that when DMPP accumulates in leaves it induces stress responses, notably provoking changes in cell redox balance, hormone signaling, protein synthesis and turnover and carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina M Rodrigues
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Berta Lasa
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Marco Betti
- Department of Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, Proteored-ISCIII, Instituto de investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Proteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Fundación Miguel Servet, Proteored-ISCIII, Instituto de investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Carmen González-Murua
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Pedro M Aparicio-Tejo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, Bilbao, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
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20
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Coleto I, Vega-Mas I, Glauser G, González-Moro MB, Marino D, Ariz I. New Insights on Arabidopsis thaliana Root Adaption to Ammonium Nutrition by the Use of a Quantitative Proteomic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040814. [PMID: 30769801 PMCID: PMC6412517 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is an essential element for plant nutrition. Nitrate and ammonium are the two major inorganic nitrogen forms available for plant growth. Plant preference for one or the other form depends on the interplay between plant genetic background and environmental variables. Ammonium-based fertilization has been shown less environmentally harmful compared to nitrate fertilization, because of reducing, among others, nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emissions. However, ammonium nutrition may become a stressful situation for a wide range of plant species when the ion is present at high concentrations. Although studied for long time, there is still an important lack of knowledge to explain plant tolerance or sensitivity towards ammonium nutrition. In this context, we performed a comparative proteomic study in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown under exclusive ammonium or nitrate supply. We identified and quantified 68 proteins with differential abundance between both conditions. These proteins revealed new potential important players on root response to ammonium nutrition, such as H⁺-consuming metabolic pathways to regulate pH homeostasis and specific secondary metabolic pathways like brassinosteroid and glucosinolate biosynthetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Coleto
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Izargi Vega-Mas
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Gaetan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - María Begoña González-Moro
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Idoia Ariz
- Departamento de Biología Ambiental. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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Jeschke V, Weber K, Moore SS, Burow M. Coordination of Glucosinolate Biosynthesis and Turnover Under Different Nutrient Conditions. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:1560. [PMID: 31867028 PMCID: PMC6909823 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Dynamically changing environmental conditions promote a complex regulation of plant metabolism and balanced resource investments to development and defense. Plants of the Brassicales order constitutively allocate carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur to synthesize glucosinolates as their primary defense metabolites. Previous findings support a model in which steady-state levels of glucosinolates in intact tissues are determined by biosynthesis and turnover through a yet uncharacterized turnover pathway. To investigate glucosinolate turnover in the absence of tissue damage, we quantified exogenously applied allyl glucosinolate and endogenous glucosinolates under different nutrient conditions. Our data shows that, in seedlings of Arabidopsis thaliana accession Columbia-0, glucosinolate biosynthesis and turnover are coordinated according to nutrient availability. Whereas exogenous carbon sources had general quantitative effects on glucosinolate accumulation, sulfur or nitrogen limitation resulted in distinct changes in glucosinolate profiles, indicating that these macronutrients provide different regulatory inputs. Raphanusamic acid, a breakdown product that can potentially be formed from all glucosinolate structures appears not to reflect in planta turnover rates, but instead correlates with increased accumulation of endogenous glucosinolates. Thus, raphanusamic acid could represent a metabolic checkpoint that allows glucosinolate-producing plants to measure the flux through the biosynthetic and/or turnover pathways and thereby to dynamically adjust glucosinolate accumulation in response to internal and external signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- *Correspondence: Daniel Marino, ; Jose Fernando Moran,
| | - Jose Fernando Moran
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Mutilva, Spain
- *Correspondence: Daniel Marino, ; Jose Fernando Moran,
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23
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Zhu FY, Chen MX, Chan WL, Yang F, Tian Y, Song T, Xie LJ, Zhou Y, Xiao S, Zhang J, Lo C. SWATH-MS quantitative proteomic investigation of nitrogen starvation in Arabidopsis reveals new aspects of plant nitrogen stress responses. J Proteomics 2018; 187:161-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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24
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Neugart S, Wiesner-Reinhold M, Frede K, Jander E, Homann T, Rawel HM, Schreiner M, Baldermann S. Effect of Solid Biological Waste Compost on the Metabolite Profile of Brassica rapa ssp. chinensis. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:305. [PMID: 29616051 PMCID: PMC5864931 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Large quantities of biological waste are generated at various steps within the food production chain and a great utilization potential for this solid biological waste exists apart from the current main usage for the feedstuff sector. It remains unclear how the usage of biological waste as compost modulates plant metabolites. We investigated the effect of biological waste of the processing of coffee, aronia, and hop added to soil on the plant metabolite profile by means of liquid chromatography in pak choi sprouts. Here we demonstrate that the solid biological waste composts induced specific changes in the metabolite profiles and the changes are depending on the type of the organic residues and its concentration in soil. The targeted analysis of selected plant metabolites, associated with health beneficial properties of the Brassicaceae family, revealed increased concentrations of carotenoids (up to 3.2-fold) and decreased amounts of glucosinolates (up to 4.7-fold) as well as phenolic compounds (up to 1.5-fold).
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Neugart
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | | | - Katja Frede
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Jander
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Thomas Homann
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Harshadrai M. Rawel
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Monika Schreiner
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, Germany
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
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25
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Kerry RG, Mahapatra GP, Patra S, Sahoo SL, Pradhan C, Padhi BK, Rout JR. Proteomic and genomic responses of plants to nutritional stress. Biometals 2018; 31:161-87. [PMID: 29453655 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-018-0083-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Minerals or trace elements in small amount are essential nutrients for every plant, but when the internal concentration exceeds the threshold, these essential elements do create phytotoxicity. Plant responses to elemental stresses are very common due to different anthropogenic activities; however it is a complex phenomenon with individual characteristics for various species. To cope up with the situation, a plant produces a group of strategies both in proteomic and genomic level to overcome it. Controlling the metal stress is known to activate a multigene response resulting in the changes in various proteins, which directly affects almost all biological processes in a living cell. Therefore, proteomic and genomic approaches can be useful for elucidating the molecular responses under metal stress. For this, it is tried to provide the latest knowledge and techniques used in proteomic and genomic study during nutritional stress and is represented here in review form.
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26
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Vega-Mas I, Pérez-Delgado CM, Marino D, Fuertes-Mendizábal T, González-Murua C, Márquez AJ, Betti M, Estavillo JM, González-Moro MB. Elevated CO2 Induces Root Defensive Mechanisms in Tomato Plants When Dealing with Ammonium Toxicity. Plant Cell Physiol 2017; 58:2112-2125. [PMID: 29059445 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
An adequate carbon supply is fundamental for plants to thrive under ammonium stress. In this work, we studied the mechanisms involved in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) response to ammonium toxicity when grown under ambient or elevated CO2 conditions (400 or 800 p.p.m. CO2). Tomato roots were observed to be the primary organ dealing with ammonium nutrition. We therefore analyzed nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) metabolism in the roots, integrating the physiological response with transcriptomic regulation. Elevated levels of CO2 preferentially stimulated root growth despite the high ammonium content. The induction of anaplerotic enzymes from the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle led to enhanced amino acid synthesis under ammonium nutrition. Furthermore, the root transcriptional response to ammonium toxicity was improved by CO2-enriched conditions, leading to higher expression of stress-related genes, as well as enhanced modulation of genes related to signaling, transcription, transport and hormone metabolism. Tomato roots exposed to ammonium stress also showed a defense-like transcriptional response according to the modulation of genes related to detoxification and secondary metabolism, involving principally terpenoid and phenolic compounds. These results indicate that increasing C supply allowed the co-ordinated regulation of root defense mechanisms when dealing with ammonium toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izargi Vega-Mas
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Carmen M Pérez-Delgado
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Calle Profesor García González, 1, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Teresa Fuertes-Mendizábal
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Carmen González-Murua
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Antonio J Márquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Calle Profesor García González, 1, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marco Betti
- Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Calle Profesor García González, 1, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José María Estavillo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - María Begoña González-Moro
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
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Munzi S, Cruz C, Maia R, Máguas C, Perestrello-Ramos MM, Branquinho C. Intra- and inter-specific variations in chitin in lichens along a N-deposition gradient. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:28065-28071. [PMID: 28994014 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0378-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of nitrogen (N) tolerance in lichens are not yet fully understood. Here, we investigated how the increase of chitin content is related with N excess at inter- and intra-specific levels, by using species with differing ecological N tolerances (the tolerant Xanthoria parietina and Parmotrema hypoleucinum and the sensitive Evernia prunastri and Usnea sp.) and thalli of X. parietina and P. hypoleucinum from sites with different availabilities of N of agricultural origin (livestock), as confirmed by lichen N content and δ15N. Nitrogen, chitin (N-containing compound), and ergosterol contents were measured in lichen thalli. Nitrogen and chitin contents were higher in tolerant species than those in sensitive ones (inter-specific level) and in thalli collected from the N-polluted site than in thalli from the clean site (intra-specific level). We suggest that chitin contributes to N stress tolerance in lichens, and that excess N can be partially stored as chitin (non-toxic form) in the cell walls of tolerant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Munzi
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Cruz
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Maia
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Máguas
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Margarida Perestrello-Ramos
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Branquinho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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Xu L, Wang Y, Zhang F, Tang M, Chen Y, Wang J, Karanja BK, Luo X, Zhang W, Liu L. Dissecting Root Proteome Changes Reveals New Insight into Cadmium Stress Response in Radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Plant Cell Physiol 2017; 58:1901-1913. [PMID: 29016946 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread heavy metal of particular concern with respect to the environment and human health. Although intensive studies have been conducted on Cd-exposed transcriptome profiling, little systematic proteome information is available on the molecular mechanism of Cd stress response in radish. In this study, the radish root proteome under Cd stress was investigated using a quantitative multiplexed proteomics approach. Seedlings were grown in nutrient solution without Cd (control) or with 10 or 50 μM CdCl2 for 12 h (Cd10 and Cd50, respectively). In total, 91 up- and 66 down-regulated proteins were identified in the control vs Cd10 comparison, while 340 up- and 286 down-regulated proteins were identified in the control vs Cd50 comparison. Functional annotation indicated that these differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were mainly involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, stress and defense and signal transduction processes. Correlation analysis showed that 33 DEPs matched with their transcripts, indicating a relatively low correlation between transcript and protein levels under Cd stress. Quantitative real-time PCR evidenced the expression patterns of 12 genes encoding their corresponding DEPs. In particular, several pivotal proteins associated with carbohydrate metabolism, ROS scavenging, cell transport and signal transduction were involved in the coordinated regulatory network of the Cd stress response in radish. Root exposure to Cd2+ activated several key signaling molecules and metal-containing transcription factors, and subsequently some Cd-responsive functional genes were mediated to reduce Cd toxicity and re-establish redox homeostasis in radish. This is a first report on comprehensive proteomic characterization of Cd-exposed root proteomes in radish. These findings could facilitate unraveling of the molecular mechanism underlying the Cd stress response in radish and provide fundamental insights into the development of genetically engineered low-Cd-content radish cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Fei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Mingjia Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, and School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jin Wang
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Bernard Kinuthia Karanja
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Liwang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Genetic Improvement (East China) of MOA, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
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Coleto I, de la Peña M, Rodríguez-Escalante J, Bejarano I, Glauser G, Aparicio-Tejo PM, González-Moro MB, Marino D. Leaves play a central role in the adaptation of nitrogen and sulfur metabolism to ammonium nutrition in oilseed rape (Brassica napus). BMC Plant Biol 2017; 17:157. [PMID: 28931380 PMCID: PMC5607504 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coordination between nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) assimilation is required to suitably provide plants with organic compounds essential for their development and growth. The N source induces the adaptation of many metabolic processes in plants; however, there is scarce information about the influence that it may exert on the functioning of S metabolism. The aim of this work was to provide an overview of N and S metabolism in oilseed rape (Brassica napus) when exposed to different N sources. To do so, plants were grown in hydroponic conditions with nitrate or ammonium as N source at two concentrations (0.5 and 1 mM). RESULTS Metabolic changes mainly occurred in leaves, where ammonium caused the up-regulation of enzymes involved in the primary assimilation of N and a general increase in the concentration of N-compounds (NH4+, amino acids and proteins). Similarly, the activity of key enzymes of primary S assimilation and the content of S-compounds (glutathione and glucosinolates) were also higher in leaves of ammonium-fed plants. Interestingly, sulfate level was lower in leaves of ammonium-fed plants, which was accompanied by the down-regulation of SULTR1 transporters gene expression. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the impact of the N source on different steps of N and S metabolism in oilseed rape, notably inducing N and S assimilation in leaves, and put forward the potential of N source management to modulate the synthesis of compounds with biotechnological interest, such as glucosinolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Coleto
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Marlon de la Peña
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jon Rodríguez-Escalante
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iraide Bejarano
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Gaëtan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Pedro M. Aparicio-Tejo
- Departamento de Ciencias del Medio Natural, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarre Spain
| | - M. Begoña González-Moro
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Daniel Marino
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Apdo. 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, E-48011 Bilbao, Spain
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30
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Seo MS, Kim JS. Understanding of MYB Transcription Factors Involved in Glucosinolate Biosynthesis in Brassicaceae. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091549. [PMID: 28906468 PMCID: PMC6151624 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucosinolates (GSLs) are widely known secondary metabolites that have anticarcinogenic and antioxidative activities in humans and defense roles in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Some R2R3-type MYB (myeloblastosis) transcription factors (TFs) control GSL biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. However, studies on the MYB TFs involved in GSL biosynthesis in Brassica species are limited because of the complexity of the genome, which includes an increased number of paralog genes as a result of genome duplication. The recent completion of the genome sequencing of the Brassica species permits the identification of MYB TFs involved in GSL biosynthesis by comparative genome analysis with A. thaliana. In this review, we describe various findings on the regulation of GSL biosynthesis in Brassicaceae. Furthermore, we identify 63 orthologous copies corresponding to five MYB TFs from Arabidopsis, except MYB76 in Brassica species. Fifty-five MYB TFs from the Brassica species possess a conserved amino acid sequence in their R2R3 MYB DNA-binding domain, and share close evolutionary relationships. Our analysis will provide useful information on the 55 MYB TFs involved in the regulation of GSL biosynthesis in Brassica species, which have a polyploid genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Suk Seo
- Genomics Division, Department of Agricultural Bio-Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wansan-gu, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
| | - Jung Sun Kim
- Genomics Division, Department of Agricultural Bio-Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wansan-gu, Jeonju 54874, Korea.
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