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Barletta B, Corinti S, Maranghi F, Tait S, Tassinari R, Martinelli A, Longo A, Longo V, Colombo P, Di Felice G, Butteroni C. The environmental pollutant BDE-47 modulates immune responses in invitro and in vivo murine models. Chemosphere 2024; 349:140739. [PMID: 38000557 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-tetra-bromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is widespread in the environment and biological samples. Its association with health risks is an increasing concern, yet information on BDE-47 immunotoxicity remains limited. This study investigated the impact of BDE-47 on innate and adaptive immune responses through in vitro and in vivo approaches. BDE-47's capacity to directly induce cell responses and modulate responses induced by known stimuli was studied in vitro using the RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell line and spleen-derived lymphocytes, and in vivo using keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-immunized BALB/c mice orally administered (28 d) at dose levels (7.5, 15.0 and 30 mg/kg/bw/d) derived from relevant toxicokinetic data from rodent models. RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and exposed to BDE-47 exhibited unchanged cell viability but decreased release of interleukin (IL)-6. Primary splenocytes from naïve mice stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies and exposed to BDE-47 showed a significant decrease of IL-17 A and IFNγ production. In vivo data showed that BDE-47 significantly reduced the KLH-specific antibody response. A generally decreasing trend of IFNγ, IL-10 and IL-5 production was observed after in vitro antigen-specific restimulation of spleen cells. Histopathological effects on liver, spleen, small intestine and thyroid were detected at the highest dose in the absence of general toxicity. In addition, the expression of Mm_mir155 and Mm_let7a was induced in livers of exposed mice. The data obtained in this study suggest that exposure to BDE-47 may perturb innate and adaptive immune responses, thus possibly decreasing resistance to bacterial and viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Barletta
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Silvia Corinti
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Francesca Maranghi
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Tait
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Roberta Tassinari
- Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Martinelli
- Center for Animal Research and Welfare, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Longo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (IRIB-CNR), Palermo, Italy.
| | - Valeria Longo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (IRIB-CNR), Palermo, Italy.
| | - Paolo Colombo
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (IRIB-CNR), Palermo, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Di Felice
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Butteroni
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Xia B, Yu R, Liu J, Liu D, Li S, Yang L, Liu N, Liang B, Zeng J, Wei J, Lin G. BDE-47 induces metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) through CD36-mediated increased fatty acid uptake and PPARα-induced abnormal fatty acid oxidation in BALB/c mice. Toxicol Lett 2024; 391:100-110. [PMID: 38040069 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The widespread existence of 2,2',4,4'-tetra-bromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) in the environment has aroused great concern. BDE-47 induces the occurrence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), but the mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Here, we further investigate the underlying mechanism using BALB/c mice. After BDE-47 exposure, the livers of mice enlarged, the serum levels of ALT, ALP, TG and TC enhanced, and hepatic steatosis occurred. Transcriptome sequencing identifies 2250 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis reveals that down-regulated DEGs are mainly enriched in pathways associated with lipid metabolism, particularly in fatty acid (FA) degradation. And up-regulated DEGs are mainly enriched in pathways related to lipid and FA transport. The expression levels of AhR, Pparγ and Cd36 involved in FA uptake are up-regulated, and those of PPARα and target genes including Cpt1 and Cyp4a1 related to β and ω-oxidation are inhibited. These results reveal BDE-47 could lead to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) by promoting FA uptake via upregulating Cd36 and hindering oxidative utilization by downregulating PPARα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Xia
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering & School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Medical School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Rongfei Yu
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering & School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junxiong Liu
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering & School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Dongmeng Liu
- Medical School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Medical School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Medical School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Institute of Environment and Health, South China Hospital, Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518116, China
| | - Bosen Liang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering & School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jiajing Zeng
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering & School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinhua Wei
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering & School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guimiao Lin
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering & School of Public Health, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Zhu Y, Pan X, Jia Y, Yang X, Song X, Ding J, Zhong W, Feng J, Zhu L. Exploring Route-Specific Pharmacokinetics of PFAS in Mice by Coupling in Vivo Tests and Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Models. Environ Health Perspect 2023; 131:127012. [PMID: 38088889 PMCID: PMC10718298 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact are important exposure routes for humans to uptake per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). However, nasal and dermal exposure to PFAS remains unclear, and accurately predicting internal body burden of PFAS in humans via multiple exposure pathways is urgently required. OBJECTIVES We aimed to develop multiple physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) models to unveil the route-specific pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of PFAS via respective oral, nasal, and dermal exposure pathways using a mouse model and sought to predict the internal concentrations in various tissues through multiple exposure routes and extrapolate it to humans. METHODS Mice were administered the mixed solution of perfluorohexane sulfonate, perfluorooctane sulfonate, and perfluorooctanoic acid through oral, nasal, and dermal exposure separately or jointly. The time-dependent concentrations of PFAS in plasma and tissues were determined to calibrate and validate the individual and combined PBTK models, which were applied in single- and repeated-dose scenarios. RESULTS The developed route-specific PBTK models successfully simulated the tissue concentrations of PFAS in mice following single or joint exposure routes as well as long-term repeated dose scenarios. The time to peak concentration of PFAS in plasma via dermal exposure was much longer (34.1-83.0 h) than that via nasal exposure (0.960 h). The bioavailability of PFAS via oral exposure was the highest (73.2%-98.0%), followed by nasal (33.9%-66.8%) and dermal exposure (4.59%-7.80%). This model was extrapolated to predict internal levels in human under real environment. DISCUSSION Based on these data, we predict the following: PFAS were absorbed quickly via nasal exposure, whereas a distinct hysteresis effect was observed for dermal exposure. Almost all the PFAS to which mice were exposed via gastrointestinal route were absorbed into plasma, which exhibited the highest bioavailability. Exhalation clearance greatly depressed the bioavailability of PFAS via nasal exposure, whereas the lowest bioavailability in dermal exposure was because of the interception of PFAS within the skin layers. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11969.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Pan
- Beijing Sankuai Online Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yibo Jia
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohua Song
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Wenjue Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, P. R. China
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Wang CQ, Su Z, Dai CG, Song JL, Qian B. Multi-omics analysis reveals BDE47 induces depression-like behaviors in mice by interfering with the 2-arachidonoyl glycerol-associated microbiota-gut-brain axis. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 259:115041. [PMID: 37224780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47) is a foodborne environmental risk factor for depression, but the pathogenic mechanism has yet to be fully characterized. In this study, we clarified the effect of BDE47 on depression in mice. The abnormal regulation of the microbiome-gut-brain axis is evidenced closely associated with the development of depression. Using RNA sequencing, metabolomics, and 16s rDNA amplicon sequencing, the role of the microbiome-gut-brain axis in depression was also explored. The results showed that BDE47 exposure increased depression-like behaviors in mice but inhibited the learning memory ability of mice. The RNA sequencing analysis showed that BDE47 exposure disrupted dopamine transmission in the brain of mice. Meanwhile, BDE47 exposure reduced protein levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine transporter (DAT), activated astrocytes and microglia cells, and increased protein levels of NLRP3, IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the brain of mice. The 16 s rDNA sequencing analysis showed that BDE47 exposure disrupted microbiota communities in the intestinal contents of mice, and faecalibaculum was the most increased genus. Moreover, BDE47 exposure increased the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α in the colon and serum of mice but decreased the levels of tight junction protein ZO-1 and Occludin in the colon and brain of mice. In addition, the metabolomic analysis revealed that BDE47 exposure induced metabolic disorders of arachidonic acid and neurotransmitter 2-Arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) was one of the most decreased metabolites. Correlation analysis further revealed gut microbial dysbiosis, particularly faecalibaculum, is associated with altered gut metabolites and serum cytokines in response to BDE47 exposure. Our results suggest that BDE47 might induce depression-like behavior in mice through gut microbial dysbiosis. The mechanism might be associated with the inhibited 2-AG signaling and increased inflammatory signaling in the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Qiang Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Zou Su
- Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Wudong Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Chun-Guang Dai
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jia-Le Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.
| | - Bo Qian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.
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Kong Y, Wen Y, Su G, Peng Y, Cui X. Tissue-specific uptake and distribution of liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) in mice. Environ Int 2023; 174:107894. [PMID: 37003217 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicated that liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) in liquid crystal displays can be released into the environment, and ubiquitously detected in environmental matrices and even human bodies. Yet databases regarding its uptake and distribution in mammals are lacking. In this study, four LCMs (namely 3dFB, 2OdF3B, 2teFT, and 6OCB) with various physiochemical properties and structures were selected as the target compounds. The LCMs were in vivo and in vitro exposed to mice and rat liver microsomes (RLM). LCMs were found in all mouse tissues, including brain. Pharmacokinetics parameters, Cmax-tissue/Cmax-blood, ranged from 27.5 to 214, indicating the preferential deposition of LCMs to tissues rather than blood. The LCMs distributed preferentially to lipophilic tissues, and relative mass contribution of LCMs from liver and adipose was 43-98 %. The physicochemical properties (i.e., Kow, molecular weight, and functional groups) had pronounced effect on distribution and accumulation of LCMs. The 2teFT with the highest Kow and molecular weight showed the relatively higher accumulation potential and half elimination time in all the tissues. The 6OCB containing cyano-group was more accumulative than the fluorinated 3dFB with the comparable Kow. In RLM assays, 2teFT and 6OCB were resistant to metabolic degradation. While 3dFB and 2OdF3B underwent rapid degradation with 93.7 % and 72.4 % being metabolized at 360 min. Findings in this study bear significant implications for the biomonitoring and overall risk evaluation of LCMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanyong Su
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Ying Peng
- Key Lab of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xinyi Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Leung CT, Yang Y, Chan TF, Lin X, Wong AST, Lui WY, Yuen KWY, Kong RYC, Lai KP, Wu RSS. Chromatin modifiers: A new class of pollutants with potential epigenetic effects revealed by in vitro assays and transcriptomic analyses. Toxicology 2023; 484:153413. [PMID: 36581016 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A great variety of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been used extensively and become widespread in the environment nowadays. Limited mammalian studies have shown that certain EDCs may target chromosome and epigenome of the germline, leading to adverse effects in subsequent generations, despite these progenies having never been exposed to the EDC before. However, the underlying mechanisms of chromosomal changes induced by these pollutants remain poorly known. Using the human ovarian granulosa tumor cell line COV434 as a model, we investigated and compared the transcriptomic changes induced by nine EDCs with diverse chemical structures (i.e. BDE-47, BPA, BP-3, DEHP, DHP, EE2, TCS, TDCPP and NP), to inquire if there is any common epigenetic modification associated with reproductive functions induced by these EDCs. Our results showed that COV434 cells were more responsive to BP-3, NP, DEHP and EE2, and more importantly, these four EDCs altered the expression of gene clusters related to DNA damage response, cell cycle, proliferation, and chromatin remodeling, which can potentially lead to epigenetic modifications and transgenerational inheritance. Furthermore, dysregulation of similar gene clusters was common in DEHP and NP treatments. Bioinformatics analysis further revealed that BP-3 disturbed signaling pathways associated with reproductive functions, whereas alterations in telomere-related pathways were highlighted upon EE2 exposure. Overall, this study highlighted chromatin modifications caused by a class of chemicals which that may potentially lead to epigenetic changes and transgenerational reproductive impairments.
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Yang Y, Zhu X, Rao Q, Liu Z, Yang J, Zhao Z. Toxicokinetics and edible tissues-specific bioaccumulation of decabrominated diphenyl ethers (BDE-209) after exposure to the broilers. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 248:114324. [PMID: 36434998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209), the primary constituent of a widely used flame retardant formulation, is often present in high levels in avian derived products and could be transferred to humans through consumption. The purpose of this study was to investigate the toxicokinetics and bioaccumulation patterns of BDE-209 in different tissues of broilers, which would benefit the evaluation of chicken product safety. Male broilers received a single oral administration of BDE-209 at 25 mg/kg.BW and then BDE-209 concentrations in the plasma, liver, leg muscle, breast muscle, and other tissues were measured using gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD). The changes of BDE-209 concentrations in the plasma were fitted to a non-compartmental model for kinetic analysis. Peak values were observed at 24 h (t1/2 =168.28 h), and trace levels remained for four weeks. Additionally, Cmax in the liver was much higher than that in leg and breast muscles, and Tmax from the liver and muscle were 12 and 24 h, respectively. Residual BDE-209 was detected in all broiler tissues after 2 weeks, and concentrations were ranked as follows: fat > liver > thymus gland > heart > testis > thigh muscle > skin > lung > kidney > breast muscles > spleen (wet weight (ww)). Our results suggested that BDE-209 was widely distributed in different tissues after intestinal absorption, and preferentially accumulated in adipose and liver tissues. Observations of bioaccumulation and slow elimination in the liver and muscles provide critical insight into the toxicity of BDE-209 and risk assessment of edible tissues from broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Institute for Agri-Food Standard and Testing, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xing Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Qinxiong Rao
- Institute for Agri-Food Standard and Testing, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Zehui Liu
- Institute for Agri-Food Standard and Testing, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Junhua Yang
- Institute for Agri-Food Standard and Testing, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China.
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Institute for Agri-Food Standard and Testing, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
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Xue D, Wei J, Lu W, Xia B, Li S, Liu D, Liu N, Wang X, Lin G. BDE-47 disturbs the immune response of lymphocytes to LPS by downregulating NF-κB pathway. Chemosphere 2022; 308:136562. [PMID: 36152834 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The health risks associated with 2,2',4,4'-tetra-bromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) have become an increasing concern due to its widespread presence in the environment and biological samples. To date, the potential toxicity of BDE-47 to immune system remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to study the immunotoxicity of BDE-47 using spleen-derived lymphocytes in vitro and BALB/c mice in vivo. In vitro results showed that lymphocytes exposed to 12.5-100 μM BDE-47 exhibited unchanged cell viability but decreased release of IL-6 and TNF-α when responding to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The expression levels of p-p65, p-IκBα, TrkA and p-Akt involved in NF-κB pathway were obviously decreased, and NF-κB activator PMA could recover the BDE-47-induced inhibitory effect on IL-6 and TNF-α release by lymphocytes in response to LPS. In vivo data showed that BDE-47 orally administered to mice (1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg per day, 30 days) did not significantly affect body weight, organ index and histomorphology of spleen. However, ELISA assay showed that serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels from BDE-47-treated mice after intraperitoneal injection of LPS were significantly reduced, and high-throughput mouse cytokines screening found 13 more cytokines down-regulated in the serum. Transcriptomic sequencing of spleens identified 488 differential expressed genes (DEGs). GO enrichment analysis of these DEGs suggested that the GO term of response to LPS (GO: 0032,496) was significantly involved. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the down-regulated DEGs significantly enriched in multiple immune-related signaling pathways including the NF-κB signaling pathway (mmu04064). Overall, these data suggested that BDE-47 could negatively regulate NF-κB signaling pathways to inhibit the immune response of lymphocytes to LPS, suggesting that exposures to BDE-47 may disturb the immune balance and increase the body's susceptibility to infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahui Xue
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Jinhua Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Wencan Lu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Beibei Xia
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Shasha Li
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Dongmeng Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Institute of Environment and Health, South China Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518116, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Guimiao Lin
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518071, China.
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Chen W, Yang X, Bao J, Lin Z, Li T, Wang Y, Zhang A, Hu J, Jin J. A Pilot Study on the Concentration, Distribution and Bioaccumulation of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) in Tissues and Organs of Grassland Sheep. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12170. [PMID: 36231471 PMCID: PMC9566259 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) concentrations in various tissues and organs of grassland sheep from Inner Mongolia, China, were determined. The abilities of PBDEs binding to ovine serum albumin (OSA) and Cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP3A24) were assessed by fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking simulations. The PBDE concentrations in the sheep tissue and organ samples were 33.4-167 pg/g dw. The distribution of PBDEs in sheep organs and tissues is affected not only by the function of organs and tissues, but also by the characteristics of PBDEs. Adipose tissue tends to bioaccumulate more-brominated BDEs (BDE-154, -153, and -183), but muscle tissues and visceral organs mainly bioaccumulate less-brominated BDEs. The distribution of PBDEs in visceral organs is mainly affected by the transport of ovine serum albumin (OSA) and the metabolism of CYP3A24 enzyme. The distribution of PBDEs in adipose tissue and brain is mainly affected by their logKOW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinrui Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junsong Bao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ziyi Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tianwei Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Aiqin Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jicheng Hu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Food and Environmental Health Engineering Center, Beijing 100081, China
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Zhang Z, Hu M, Xuan D, Wu L, Zhang Y, He G, Zhou Y. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling of BDE-209 following oral exposure in Chinese population. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 169:113416. [PMID: 36096292 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The wide usage of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) as additive brominated flame retardant has caused its widespread occurrence in the environment and high exposure risk in humans. Estimating its internal exposure dose and reconstruction of external exposure dose using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling approach is a key step in the risk assessment of BDE-209. However, the PBPK model for BDE-209 is currently unavailable. This study has established two oral permeability-limited PBPK models of BDE-209 without enterohepatic recirculation (EHR) (model 1) and with EHR (model 2) for Chinese population. Using the in vitro experiments, the average binding of BDE-209 to human plasma protein (99.64% ± 2.97%) was obtained. Moreover, blood sample analysis and systematic literature review were performed to obtain internal and external exposure data of BDE-209 used for model calibration and validation. The predictions of both models were within 2-fold of the observed, and a longer half-life of serum BDE-209 was observed in model 2 than model 1. Based on the models, a human biomonitoring guidance value (HBM-GV) of 93.61 μg/g lw was derived for BDE-209, and there is no health risk found for Chinese population currently. This study provides new quantitative assessment tools for health risk assessment of BDE-209.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichun Zhang
- Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the Peoples' republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Man Hu
- Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the Peoples' republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Dongliang Xuan
- Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 201899, China
| | - Linying Wu
- Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, 201899, China
| | - Yanfei Zhang
- Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the Peoples' republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the Peoples' republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Centers for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the Peoples' republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai, 200136, China.
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11
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Zhang W, Xia S, Zhong X, Gao G, Yang J, Wang S, Cao M, Liang Z, Yang C, Wang J. Characterization of 2,2'4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47)-induced testicular toxicity via single-cell RNA-sequencing. Precision Clinical Medicine 2022; 5:pbac016. [PMID: 35875604 PMCID: PMC9306015 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The growing male reproductive diseases have been linked to higher exposure to certain environmental compounds such as 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47) that are widely distributed in the food chain. However, the specific underlying molecular mechanisms for BDE47-induced male reproductive toxicity are not completely understood. Methods Here, for the first time, advanced single-cell RNA sequencing (ScRNA-seq) was employed to dissect BDE47-induced prepubertal testicular toxicity in mice from a pool of 76 859 cells. Results Our ScRNA-seq results revealed shared and heterogeneous information of differentially expressed genes, signaling pathways, transcription factors, and ligands-receptors in major testicular cell types in mice upon BDE47 treatment. Apart from disruption of hormone homeostasis, BDE47 was discovered to downregulate multiple previously unappreciated pathways such as double-strand break repair and cytokinesis pathways, indicative of their potential roles involved in BDE47-induced testicular injury. Interestingly, transcription factors analysis of ScRNA-seq results revealed that Kdm5b (lysine-specific demethylase 5B), a key transcription factor required for spermatogenesis, was downregulated in all germ cells as well as in Sertoli and telocyte cells in BDE47-treated testes of mice, suggesting its contribution to BDE47-induced impairment of spermatogenesis. Conclusions Overall, for the first time, we established the molecular cell atlas of mice testes to define BDE47-induced prepubertal testicular toxicity using the ScRNA-seq approach, providing novel insight into our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and pathways involved in BDE47-associated testicular injury at a single-cell resolution. Our results can serve as an important resource to further dissect the potential roles of BDE47, and other relevant endocrine-disrupting chemicals, in inducing male reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) , Shenzhen 518020 , China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Siyu Xia
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) , Shenzhen 518020 , China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632 , China
| | - Xiaoru Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) , Shenzhen 518020 , China
| | - Guoyong Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) , Shenzhen 518020 , China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) , Shenzhen 518020 , China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) , Shenzhen 518020 , China
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) , Shenzhen 518020 , China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) , Shenzhen 518020 , China
| | - Chuanbin Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) , Shenzhen 518020 , China
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) , Shenzhen 518020 , China
- Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing 100700 , China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University , Dongguan, 523125, Guangdong , China
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12
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Gayrard V, Moreau J, Picard-Hagen N, Helies V, Marchand P, Antignac JP, Toutain PL, Leandri R. Use of Mixture Dosing and Nonlinear Mixed Effect Modeling of Eight Environmental Contaminants in Rabbits to Improve Extrapolation Value of Toxicokinetic Data. Environ Health Perspect 2021; 129:117006. [PMID: 34786950 PMCID: PMC8597046 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although in vivo studies of internal exposure to hazardous substances have been carried out for many years, there is room for progress to improve their informative value while adhering to the four R's: replacement, reduction, refinement, and responsibility rule. OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to illustrate how toxicokinetic (TK) study design and data analysis can be implemented under the 4R rule to plan a chronic dosage regimen for investigating TK/toxicodynamic (TD) relationships. METHODS The intravenous (IV) and oral serum concentrations of eight hazardous environmental contaminants including 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (pp'DDE), ß-Hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), 2,2'4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), di(2ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), and bisphenol S (BPS) were obtained after mixture dosing in rabbits using a sparse sampling design. Data were comprehensively analyzed using nonlinear mixed effect (NLME) modeling. RESULTS The short persistence of BPS and of the DEHP metabolite (mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate), reflected by their mean residence times (MRT) of a few hours, was due to their efficient clearance (CL, 3.2 and 0.47L/kg/h). The longer MRT of the other compounds (1-48 d) resulted either from their extremely low clearance (lower than 0.01L/kg/h for PFOA and PFOS) or from their very large volume of distribution (VSS) ranging from 33 to 45L/kg. Estimates of CL, VSS, and bioavailability were used to compute the oral loading and daily maintenance doses required to attain a nominal steady-state serum concentration of 1 ng/mL. Simulations with the NLME model were applied to predict the serum concentration profile and to contrast the differential rates of accumulation in the central vs. peripheral compartments. CONCLUSION NLME modeling of the IV and oral TK of hazardous environmental contaminants, in rabbits while fulfilling the 4R rule, was able to provide the physiological basis for interspecies extrapolation of exposure rates in a TK/TD approach to risk assessment. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8957.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Gayrard
- ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jessika Moreau
- ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicole Picard-Hagen
- ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Helies
- GenPhySE, INRA, Université de Toulouse, INPT, ENVT, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | | | - Pierre-Louis Toutain
- INTHERES, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, Toulouse, France
- The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, UK
| | - Roger Leandri
- ToxAlim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
- Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Paule de Viguier, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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13
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Tang J, Hu B, Zheng H, Qian X, Zhang Y, Zhu J, Xu G, Chen D, Jin X, Li W, Xu L. 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) activates Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mediated ROS and NLRP3 inflammasome/p38 MAPK pathway inducing necrosis in cochlear hair cells. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 221:112423. [PMID: 34146985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is widely used as commercial flame retardants that can be released into the environment and finally enter human body through the food chain. It has been identified to generate neurotoxicity, but little is known about auditory damage and the underlying mechanism following BDE-47 exposure. This study aimed to assess the cell viability with BDE-47 concentration ranging from 0 to 150 μM in mouse organ of Corti-derived cell lines (HEI-OC1). Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) as an environmental sensor, reactive oxygen species (ROS), NLRP3 inflammasome and p38 MAPK pathways were detected. Results: (1) BDE-47 inhibited the viability in a time- and dose-dependent way in HEI-OC1 cells. Cell cycle was arrested in G1 phase by BDE-47; (2) Elevated intracellular ROS, LDH levels and necrosis were found, which was alleviated by pretreatment with ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC); (3) AhR plays an essential role in ligand-regulated transcription factor activation by exogenous environmental compounds. We found increased expression of AhR and decreased downstream targets of CYP 1A1 and CYP 1B1 in BDE-47-treated HEI-OC1 cells, which was reversed by the AhR antagonist CH-223191 for 2 h before BDE-47 exposure. No significant change was detected in CYP 2B; (4) Enhanced expressions of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were induced by BDE-47, with up-regulations of both pro-inflammatory factors for IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and anti-inflammatory factors for IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13, but down-regulation for IL-1α; (5) Additionally, the p38 MAPK signaling pathway was activated with increased phosphorylation levels of MKK/3/6, p38 MAPK and NF-kB. Overall, our findings illustrate a role of AhR in ROS-induced necrosis of cochlear hair cells by BDE-47 exposure, in which NLRP3 inflammasome and p38 MAPK signaling pathways are activated. The current study first elucidates the sense of hearing damage induced by BDE-47, and cell-specific or mixture exposures in vivo or human studies are needed to confirm this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Tang
- Department of Pathology, The Key-Innovative Discipline of Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Department of Pathology, The Key-Innovative Discipline of Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China
| | - Huaping Zheng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China
| | - Xiaolan Qian
- Department of Pathology, The Key-Innovative Discipline of Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Key-Innovative Discipline of Molecular Diagnostics, Jiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China
| | - Jia Zhu
- Department of Immunopathology, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China
| | - Guangtao Xu
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China
| | - Deqing Chen
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China
| | - Wanlu Li
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China
| | - Long Xu
- Forensic and Pathology Laboratory, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China; Department of Public Health, Jiaxing University Medical College, Jiaxing 314001, ZJ, China.
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14
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Gomez MV, Dutta M, Suvorov A, Shi X, Gu H, Mani S, Yue Cui J. Early Life Exposure to Environmental Contaminants (BDE-47, TBBPA, and BPS) Produced Persistent Alterations in Fecal Microbiome in Adult Male Mice. Toxicol Sci 2021; 179:14-30. [PMID: 33078840 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is a pivotal player in toxicological responses. We investigated the effects of maternal exposure to 3 human health-relevant toxicants (BDE-47, tetrabromobisphenol [TBBPA], and bisphenol S [BPS]) on the composition and metabolite levels (bile acids [BAs] and short-chain fatty acids [SCFAs]) of the gut microbiome in adult pups. CD-1 mouse dams were orally exposed to vehicle (corn oil, 10 ml/kg), BDE-47 (0.2 mg/kg), TBBPA (0.2 mg/kg), or BPS (0.2 mg/kg) once daily from gestational day 8 to the end of lactation (postnatal day 21). 16S rRNA sequencing and targeted metabolomics were performed in feces of 20-week-old adult male pups (n = 14 - 23/group). Host gene expression and BA levels were quantified in liver. BPS had the most prominent effect on the beta-diversity of the fecal microbiome compared with TBPPA and BDE-47 (QIIME). Seventy-three taxa were persistently altered by at least 1 chemical, and 12 taxa were commonly regulated by all chemicals (most of which were from the Clostridia class and were decreased). The most distinct microbial biomarkers were S24-7 for BDE-47, Rikenellaceae for TBBPA, and Lactobacillus for BPS (LefSe). The community-wide contributions to the shift in microbial pathways were predicted using FishTaco. Consistent with FishTaco predictions, BDE-47 persistently increased fecal and hepatic BAs within the 12α hydroxylation pathway, corresponding to an up-regulation with the hepatic BA-synthetic enzyme Cyp7a1. Fecal BAs were also persistently up-regulated by TBBPA and BPS (liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry). TBBPA increased propionic acid and succinate, whereas BPS decreased acetic acid (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). There was a general trend in the hepatic down-regulation of proinflammatory cytokines and the oxidative stress sensor target gene (Nqo1), and a decrease in G6Pdx (the deficiency of which leads to dyslipidemia). In conclusion, maternal exposure to these toxicants persistently modified the gut-liver axis, which may produce an immune-suppressive and dyslipidemia-prone signature later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew V Gomez
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Moumita Dutta
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alexander Suvorov
- Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaojian Shi
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Haiwei Gu
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Sridhar Mani
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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15
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Flynn RW, Iacchetta M, de Perre C, Lee L, Sepúlveda MS, Hoverman JT. Chronic Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure Under Environmentally Relevant Conditions Delays Development in Northern Leopard Frog (Rana pipiens) Larvae. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021; 40:711-716. [PMID: 32072676 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are pervasive in aquatic systems globally and capable of causing detrimental effects on human and wildlife health. However, most studies are conducted under artificial conditions that are not representative of environmental exposures. Environmental exposures are characterized by multiple routes of exposure, low aquatic PFAS levels, and greater environmental variability than laboratory tests. Determining whether these factors influence toxicity is critical for understanding the effects of PFAS on aquatic life, including amphibians. Our goal was to assess the impact of PFAS on an amphibian under semirealistic conditions. We reared northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens) larvae in outdoor mesocosms containing sediment spiked to low, medium, and high levels (nominally 10, 100, or 1000 ppb dry wt) of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) or perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) for 30 d. Larvae in all PFOS treatments and the medium-PFOA treatment were approximately 1.5 Gosner stages less developed than control animals after 30 d. Notably, these developmental delays were observed at PFOS concentrations in the water as low as 0.06 ppb, which is considerably lower than levels associated with developmental effects in laboratory studies. Our results suggest that deriving toxicity values from laboratory studies examining aquatic exposure only may underestimate the effects of environmental PFAS exposure. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:711-716. © 2020 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wesley Flynn
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Michael Iacchetta
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Chloe de Perre
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Linda Lee
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Maria S Sepúlveda
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jason T Hoverman
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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16
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Li X, Gao H, Li P, Chen W, Tang S, Liu L, Zhou G, Xia T, Wang A, Zhang S. Impaired sperm quantity and motility in adult rats following gestational and lactational exposure to environmentally relevant levels of PBDE-47: A potential role of thyroid hormones disruption. Environ Pollut 2021; 268:115773. [PMID: 33065364 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardants and the congener 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47) is capable of inducing thyroid endocrine disruption and developmental toxicity. However, little is known about whether developmental PBDE-47 exposure-elicited alterations in semen quality is associated with thyroid hormones (THs) perturbation. In this research, we sought to explore the impacts of gestational and lactational PBDE-47 exposure on adult sperm quantity and motility, and its link with THs levels. For this purpose, female Sprague-Dawley rats were administered environmentally relevant PBDE-47 levels (0.1, 1.0, 10 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage from prepregnancy through lactation cessation to achieve early-life exposure of offspring and to mimic the actual exposure. Sperm quantity and motility together with serum THs levels from male offspring were determined on postnatal day 88. In utero and lactational exposure to PBDE-47 boosted the weight gain while reduced the relative testis weight in adult male offspring. These were accompanied with the reductions in sperm counts (total and living sperm counts), the percentage of progressive sperm motility, sperm velocities (curvilinear velocity, straight-line velocity and average path velocity), motion path (beat cross frequency, linearity and wobble) and linear motile sperm parameters (count, motility and concentration). Further studies identified that the levels of serum triiodothyronine (T3) were increased by PBDE-47 exposure and negatively associated with those differential semen parameters on quantity and motility. Collectively, our results indicate that exposure to low-level PBDE-47 during early-life development impairs semen quality in adult rats, which could be mediated partially by abnormal T3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Sha Tang
- Department of Environment and Health, Xiangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 37 South Renmin Road, Jishou, China
| | - Luming Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoyu Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Aiguo Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China.
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17
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Wei J, Li X, Xiang L, Song Y, Liu Y, Jiang Y, Cai Z. Metabolomics and lipidomics study unveils the impact of polybrominated diphenyl ether-47 on breast cancer mice. J Hazard Mater 2020; 390:121451. [PMID: 31796364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ether-47 (BDE-47) is a congener of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and relates to different health risks. However, in vivo study of the association between BDE-47 and breast cancer was scarce. In this study, we performed in vivo exposure of BDE-47 to breast cancer nude mice and conducted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics and lipidomics analysis to investigate the metabolic changes in mice. Results showed that the tumor sizes were positively associated with the dosage of BDE-47. Metabolomics and lipidomics profiling analysis indicated that BDE-47 induced significant alterations of metabolic pathways in livers, including glutathione metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, and lipids metabolism, etc. The upregulations of phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) suggested the membrane remodeling, and the downregulations of Lyso-PCs and Lyso-PEs might be associated with the tumor growth. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that BDE-47 inhibited fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) and induced incomplete FAO. The inhibition of FAO and downregulation of PPARγ would contribute to inflammation, which could promote tumor growth. In addition, BDE-47 elevated the expression of the cytokines TNFRSF12A, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and lowered the cytokines SOCS3 and the nuclear receptor PPARα. The changes of cytokines and receptor may contribute to the tumor growth of mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xiaona Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Li Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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18
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Kanaya N, Bernal L, Chang G, Yamamoto T, Nguyen D, Wang YZ, Park JS, Warden C, Wang J, Wu X, Synold T, Rakoff M, Neuhausen SL, Chen S. Molecular Mechanisms of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (BDE-47, BDE-100, and BDE-153) in Human Breast Cancer Cells and Patient-Derived Xenografts. Toxicol Sci 2020; 169:380-398. [PMID: 30796839 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been used as flame retardants in household materials. Their environmental persistence has led to continuous human exposure and significant tissue levels. Three PBDE congeners (BDE-47, BDE-100, and BDE-153) have been frequently detected in human serum. Although these compounds appear to possess endocrine disrupting activity, studies are largely missing to determine the biological mechanisms of PBDEs in breast cancer cells. Here, we assessed PBDE bioactivities with three complementary strategies: receptor binding/activity assays; nonbiased RNA-sequencing analysis using an estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell line MCF-7aroERE; and in vivo assessments using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of human breast cancer. According to the results from in vitro experiments, the PBDE congeners regulate distinct nuclear receptor signaling pathways. BDE-47 acts as a weak agonist of both estrogen receptor α (ERα) and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα); it could stimulate proliferation of MCF-7aroERE and induced expression of ER-regulated genes (including cell cycle genes). BDE-153 was found to act as a weak antagonist of ERα. BDE-100 could act as (1) an agonist of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), inducing expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 and (2) as a very weak agonist/antagonist of ERα. In vivo, a mixture of the three congeners with ratios detected in human serum was tested in an ER+ PDX model. The mixture exhibited estrogenic activity through apoptosis/cell cycle regulation and increased the expression of a proliferation marker, Ki-67. These results advance our understanding of the mechanisms of PBDE exposure in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kanaya
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Lauren Bernal
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Gregory Chang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Takuro Yamamoto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Duc Nguyen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Yuan-Zhong Wang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - June-Soo Park
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Toxic Substances Control, Berkeley, California 94710
| | - Charles Warden
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Timothy Synold
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Michele Rakoff
- Breast Cancer Care & Research Fund, Los Angeles, California 90036
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
| | - Shiuan Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010
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19
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Chen F, Feng L, Zheng YL, Lu J, Fan SH, Shan Q, Zheng GH, Wang YJ, Wu DM, Li MQ, Wang QQ, Zhang ZF. 2, 2', 4, 4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) induces mitochondrial dysfunction and related liver injury via eliciting miR-34a-5p-mediated mitophagy impairment. Environ Pollut 2020; 258:113693. [PMID: 31838391 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is associated with various adverse human health effects; however, the knowledge of its toxicity is still very limited. Mitochondrial injury has been observed in liver cells exposed to BDE-47 in vitro. Mitophagy impairment causes the accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria, contributing to the pathological mechanisms of liver injury. The aim of this study was to investigate whether BDE-47 impairs mitophagy to trigger mitochondrial dysfunction-related liver injury and the underlying mechanisms. This study revealed that BDE-47 elicited mitochondrial dysfunction and related oxidative liver injury by impairing mitophagy. Moreover, our results showed that NAD+ insufficiency is responsible for BDE-47-mediated mitophagy defect and mitochondrial dysfunction in mouse livers, which was associated with suppression of Sirt3/FoxO3a/PINK1 signaling. Furthermore, our results indicated a potential role of miR-34a-5p in the hepatotoxicity of BDE-47. Mechanistically, BDE-47 dramatically upregulated miR-34a-5p expression in mouse livers. The data from AAV-sponge-mediated miR-34a-5p inhibition suggested that miR-34a-5p diminished NAD+ level by directly targeting NAMPT expression in BDE-47-treated mouse livers, which was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Consequently, miR-34a-5p markedly abated Sirt3/FoxO3a/PINK1 signaling-mediated mitophagy to promote mitochondrial dysfunction in BDE-47-treated mouse livers. The present study provided in vivo evidence to reveal a potential mechanism for BDE-47-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and related liver injury and indicated that miR-34a-5p-mediated mitophagy impairment might be a therapeutic target for BDE-47 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Li Feng
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zheng
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Shao-Hua Fan
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Qu Shan
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Gui-Hong Zheng
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yong-Jian Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Dong-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Meng-Qiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Qing-Qing Wang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China; College of Health Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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20
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Ji F, Wei J, Luan H, Li M, Cai Z. Study of metabolic disorders associated with BDE-47 exposure in Drosophila model by MS-based metabolomics. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 184:109606. [PMID: 31472382 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and animal studies have revealed a possible linkage between 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) exposure and neurodegenerative disease such as Parkinson's disease (PD). However, whether or how BDE-47 would affect the PD progression remains unclear. Here, we carried out a metabolomics study based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to investigate the possible contribution of BDE-47 exposure to PD progression in Drosophila (fly) model. Transgenic PD flies were exposed to BDE-47 through diet for 30 days. Global metabolomic analysis identified 48 altered metabolites after the exposure. These metabolites were mainly involved in tryptophan metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, purine metabolism, and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. Further, by quantifying metabolites of interest using LC-MS/MS, we confirmed that the formation of neuro-protector kynurenic acid was slowed down while the formation of neurotoxin 3-hydroxy-kynurenine was speeded up on the 20th exposure day. Moreover, the levels of SAM/SAH (an index of methylation potential) and GSH/GSSG (an indicator of oxidative stress) were found to decrease on the 30th exposure day. Our results suggest that BDE-47 could induce imbalance of kynurenine metabolism and methylation potential, and oxidative stress, which might further accelerate PD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Juntong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hemi Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; SUSTech Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Li
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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21
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Ji F, Sreenivasmurthy SG, Wei J, Shao X, Luan H, Zhu L, Song J, Liu L, Li M, Cai Z. Study of BDE-47 induced Parkinson's disease-like metabolic changes in C57BL/6 mice by integrated metabolomic, lipidomic and proteomic analysis. J Hazard Mater 2019; 378:120738. [PMID: 31203119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As the predominant congener of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) detected in human serum, 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) has been reported to induce neurotoxicity. However, the possible linkage between BDE-47 and typical neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) is still unclear. Here we carried out omics studies using liquid chromatography-orbitrap mass spectrometry (LC-orbitrap MS) to depict the BDE-47 induced metabolic changes in C57BJ/L mice to explore the possible contribution of BDE-47 exposure to PD pathology. BDE-47 dissolved in corn oil was orally administered to mice for 30 consecutive days. Results of metabolomics and lipidomics studies of PD-related brain regions revealed significant metabolite changes in pathways involved in oxidative stress and neurotransmitter production. Moreover, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) proteomics study of the striatum, which is the part of brain that is most intensively studied in PD pathogenesis, revealed that BDE-47 could induce neurotransmitter system disturbance, abnormal phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Overall, this study depicts the possible contribution of BDE-47 exposure to PD pathology and highlights the powerfulness of omics platforms to deepen the mechanistic understanding of environmental pollutant-caused toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenfen Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Juntong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaojian Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hemi Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Juxian Song
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangfeng Liu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Min Li
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson's Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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22
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Xu H, Feng C, Cao Y, Lu Y, Xi J, Ji J, Lu D, Zhang XY, Luan Y. Distribution of the parent compound and its metabolites in serum, urine, and feces of mice administered 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether. Chemosphere 2019; 225:217-225. [PMID: 30877916 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) is a predominant polybromodiphenyl ether congener in the environment. Its absorption, excretion, and metabolism in animals have been investigated; however, the distribution of BDE-47 and its metabolites in excreta and blood at steady-state conditions has been unclear. In the present study, we addressed the issue by determining the amounts of BDE-47, eight monohydroxylated metabolites (OH-BDEs), and 2,4-dibromophenol (2,4-DBP) in serum, urine, and feces of gpt delta transgenic mice orally administered BDE-47 at 1.5, 10, and 30 mg/kg/d for 6 weeks during the 24 h period (for urine and feces) or at 24 h (for blood) post-last dosing. The distribution profiles in the three matrices showed that BDE-47, OH-BDEs, and 2,4-DBP were mostly distributed in urine (59-70%), feces (95-96%), and urine (51-80%), respectively. In each matrix, BDE-47 was the predominant compound under all doses, which accounted for 84-96% in serum, 68-98% in urine, and 37-92% in feces. However, exclusive of BDE-47, OH-BDEs were the predominant class of metabolites in serum (72-86%) and feces (67-87%), whereas 2,4-DBP was the major metabolite in urine (98-99%). Among monohydroxylated metabolites, the dominant compounds were 4-hydroxy-2,2',3,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (4-OH-BDE-42) and 4'-hydroxy-2,2',4,5'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (4'-OH-BDE-49) in feces (27-33% and 25-43%, respectively), and 3-hydroxy-2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (3-OH-BDE-47) in serum (26-43%). Thus, BDE-47 and 2,4-DBP were mostly present in urine, and OH-BDEs were primarily found in feces. Blood was not an important carrier for either BDE-47 or its metabolites. The data provide information for distribution and elimination of BDE-47 and its metabolites in mice at steady-state conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Changning District of Shanghai, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yiyi Cao
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Changning District of Shanghai, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Jing Xi
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jieyun Ji
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of the Changning District of Shanghai, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Dasheng Lu
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China.
| | - Xin-Yu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Yang Luan
- School of Public Health, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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23
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Zheng Z, Lu G, Wang R, Huang K, Tao X, Yang Y, Zou M, Xie Y, Yin H, Shi Z, Dang Z. Effects of surfactant on the degradation of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) by nanoscale Ag/Fe particles: Kinetics, mechanisms and intermediates. Environ Pollut 2019; 245:780-788. [PMID: 30504035 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Surfactants are known to enhance the degradation of halogenated organics by nanoscale zerovalent iron (n-ZVI) or n-ZVI-based bimetallic particles, but the mechanism of the promotion is not well understood. In this study, we used nanoscale Ag/Fe particles (n-Ag/Fe) to degrade 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) in different surfactant solutions. The results show that the nonionic surfactant TX-100 had the best promoting effect, which might be attributed to the decrease in particle agglomeration and improvement of mass transfer efficiency after the adsorption of TX-100 on n-Ag/Fe. The distribution analysis of BDE-47 in solid and liquid phases indicates that when the concentration of TX-100 in aqueous solution was above critical micelle concentration, BDE-47 started to dissolve in the liquid phase. Thus, TX-100 micelles can enhance the mass transfer efficiency of BDE-47. However, a too high concentration of TX-100 (above 1.0 mM) would influence the promotion effect of BDE-47 degration, which might be attributed to the excessive and thicker micelles of TX-100 hindering the contact between BDE-47 and n-Ag/Fe. We also studied the degradation pathway of BDE-47 and its products, and found that surfactants did not change the degradation pathway of BDE-47.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zheng
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guining Lu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Environmental Nanomaterials, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kaibo Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xueqin Tao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yulu Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Mengyao Zou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou, 521041, China
| | - Hua Yin
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhenqing Shi
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Liu C, Tang X, Zhou B, Jiang Y, Lv M, Zang Y, Wang Y. Is it photosensitization or photodegradation when UV-B irradiation is combined with BDE-47? Evidence from the growth and reproduction changes of rotifer Brachionus plicatilis. Sci Total Environ 2018; 628-629:562-572. [PMID: 29453184 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ecotoxicological methods were applied in the present study, and the marine rotifer Brachionus plicatilis was used as the toxic endpoint to depict what occurred when 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) was combined with solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B). B. plicatilis was exposed to three different combination methods of BDE-47 and UV-B at an equal toxicity ratio, including normal rotifer co-cultured with UV-B-irradiated BDE-47 (known as Method I), UV-B-irradiated rotifer co-cultured with BDE-47 exposure (known as Method II) and normal rotifer co-cultured with the simultaneous addition of BDE-47 and UV-B irradiation (known as Method III). Acute and chronic experiments were preformed to determine the toxicity differentiation according to the growth and reproduction changes in the rotifer. Twenty-four-hour acute experiments showed that the modes of three combined methods changed from antagonism to additive, to synergistic with the concentration/dose increment, and the contribution rates of Method I and Method II to Method III were calculated by approximately 40.4% and 59.6%, respectively. Chronic exposure to either the single stressor or the combination of stressors inhibited the growth and reproduction of the rotifer, demonstrating the inhibition of the population growth rate and the decrease in the larvae production. Three combined groups presented more serious damages compared to groups with single stress exposure, and the ascending sequence of toxicity was Method I<Method II<Method III. A higher bioaccumulation of BDE-47 was found in all combined groups than BDE-47 single stress group, and bioconcentration factor (BCF) general ranked Method II<Method I<Method III. Moreover, BDE-28, photodegradation production of BDE-47, were found in groups preformed Method I and III. We thus speculated that the toxicity enhancement when BDE-47 was combined with UV-B was mainly due to photosensitization and photodegradation, and the photosensitization might be more noxious to the growth and reproduction of the rotifer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunchen Liu
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xuexi Tang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Yongshun Jiang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Mengchen Lv
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yu Zang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Marine Ecology, College of Marine Life Science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Abrha A, Suvorov A. Transcriptomic Analysis of Gonadal Adipose Tissue in Male Mice Exposed Perinatally to 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-47). Toxics 2018; 6:E21. [PMID: 29596321 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6020021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For the majority of lipophilic compounds, adipose tissue is traditionally considered as a storage depot and only rarely as a target organ. Meanwhile, abnormalities in adipose tissue physiology induced by chemical exposure may contribute to the current epidemic of obesity and metabolic diseases. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of lipophilic flame retardants found in the majority of human samples in North America. Their ability to alter the physiology of adipose tissue is unknown. We exposed pregnant mice to 0.2 mg/kg body weight/day of BDE-47 perinatally. Transcriptomic changes in gonadal adipose tissue were analyzed in male offspring using the RNA-seq approach with subsequent bioinformatic analysis. The expression of genes of coagulation and complement cascade, de novo lipogenesis, and xenobiotic metabolism was altered in response to BDE-47 exposure. The affected molecular network included the following hubs: PPARα, HNF1A, and HNF4. These findings suggest that adipose tissue should be considered a target tissue for BDE-47, in addition to its role as a storage depot. This study also builds a background for a targeted search of sensitive phenotypic endpoints of BDE-47 exposure, including lipid profile parameters and coagulation factors in circulation. Additional studies are needed to investigate the role of PBDEs as an obesogen.
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Krumm EA, Patel VJ, Tillery TS, Yasrebi A, Shen J, Guo GL, Marco SM, Buckley BT, Roepke TA. Organophosphate Flame-Retardants Alter Adult Mouse Homeostasis and Gene Expression in a Sex-Dependent Manner Potentially Through Interactions With ERα. Toxicol Sci 2018; 162:212-224. [PMID: 29112739 PMCID: PMC6735580 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfx238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Flame retardants (FRs) such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers and organophosphate FR (OPFR) persist in the environment and interact with multiple nuclear receptors involved in homeostasis, including estrogen receptors (ERs). However, little is known about the effects of FR, especially OPFR, on mammalian neuroendocrine functions. Therefore, we investigated if exposure to FR alters hypothalamic gene expression and whole-animal physiology in adult wild-type (WT) and ERα KO mice. Intact WT and KO males and ovariectomized WT and KO females were orally dosed daily with vehicle (oil), 17α-ethynylestradiol (2.5 μg/kg), 2,2', 4,4-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47, 1 or 10 mg/kg), or an OPFR mixture {1 or 10 mg/kg of tris(1, 3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, and tricresyl phosphate each} for 28 days. Body weight, food intake, body composition, glucose and insulin tolerance, plasma hormone levels, and hypothalamic and liver gene expression were measured. Expression of neuropeptides, receptors, and cation channels was differentially altered between WT males and females. OPFR suppressed body weight and energy intake in males. FR increased fasting glucose levels in males, and BDE-47 augmented glucose clearance in females. Liver gene expression indicated FXR activation by BDE-47 and PXR and CAR activation by OPFR. In males, OPFR increased ghrelin but decreased leptin and insulin independent of body weight. The loss of ERα reduced the effects of both FR on hypothalamic and liver gene expression and plasma hormone levels. The physiological implications are that males are more sensitive than ovariectomized females to OPFR exposure and that these effects are mediated, in part, by ERα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Krumm
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental & Biological Sciences
- Graduate Program in Endocrinology and Animal Biosciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Vipa J Patel
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental & Biological Sciences
| | - Taylor S Tillery
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental & Biological Sciences
| | - Ali Yasrebi
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental & Biological Sciences
- Graduate Program in Endocrinology and Animal Biosciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Jianliang Shen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Grace L Guo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | | | - Brian T Buckley
- Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Troy A Roepke
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental & Biological Sciences
- Graduate Program in Endocrinology and Animal Biosciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
- Joint Graduate Program in Toxicology
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Khalil A, Cevik SE, Hung S, Kolla S, Roy MA, Suvorov A. Developmental Exposure to 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether Permanently Alters Blood-Liver Balance of Lipids in Male Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:548. [PMID: 30294300 PMCID: PMC6158338 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were used as flame-retardant additives starting 1965 and were recently withdrawn from commerce in North America and Europe. Approximately 1/5 of the total U.S. population were born when environmental concentrations of PBDE plateaued at their maximum. Accumulating evidence suggests that developmental exposures to PBDE may result in long-lasting programming of liver metabolism. In this study, CD-1 mice were exposed prenatally or neonatally to 1 mg/kg body weight of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), and changes in liver histology, transcriptome, and liver-blood balance of triglycerides were analyzed in 10 months old male offspring. In both exposure groups, long-term reprogramming of lipid metabolism was observed, including increased liver triglycerides and decreased blood triglycerides, and altered expression of metabolic genes in the liver. Significant upregulation of lipid influx transporter Cd36 2.3- and 5.7-fold in pre- and neonatal exposure groups, respectively was identified as a potential mechanism of blood/liver imbalance of triglycerides. Analysis of our and previously published all-genome gene expression data identified changes in expression of ribosomal protein genes as a transcriptomic signature of PBDE exposure. Further comparison of our new data and published data demonstrate that low doses (0.2 mg/kg body weight) of PBDE induce long-lasting up-regulation of ribosomal genes, suppression of Cd36 in liver and increase circulating triglycerides in blood, while moderated doses (≥1 mg/kg body weight) produce opposite long-lasting effects. To conclude, this study shows that an environmentally relevant developmental exposures to BDE-47 permanently alter lipid uptake and accumulation in the liver, with low and moderate doses having opposite effect on liver transcriptomics and triglyceride balance. Similar effects of pre- and neonatal exposures point at hepatocyte maturation as a sensitive window of the liver metabolism programming. These results suggest that PBDE exposure may be an important factor increasing risks of cardio-vascular disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via modulation of liver/blood balance of lipids. The translational relevance of these findings for human remain to be studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Khalil
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research & Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sebnem E. Cevik
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Stephanie Hung
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Sridurgadevi Kolla
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Monika A. Roy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Alexander Suvorov
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Alexander Suvorov
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Mi XB, Bao LJ, Wu CC, Wong CS, Zeng EY. Absorption, tissue distribution, metabolism, and elimination of decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209) in rats after multi-dose oral exposure. Chemosphere 2017; 186:749-756. [PMID: 28820999 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Human and ecological risks of BDE-209 have drawn much attention, particularly with growing e-waste recycling activities in developing countries. To further address the issue of BDE-209 biotransformation, a laboratory-controlled study was conducted. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed orally by gavage at a daily dose of 1 mg kg-1 body weight for 7 d and a depuration period of 22 d, to characterize absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination dynamics of BDE-209 during multi-dose exposures simulating short-term oral exposure of e-waste workers. The concentrations of BDE-209 in all tissues increased exponentially during the 7-d exposure period, indicating that multi-dose exposure could lead to increased accumulation of BDE-209 in rats. The liver accumulated the greatest amount of BDE-209 on a wet-weight basis, while adipose tissue had the highest concentration by the end of the 22-d depuration period. Half-lives of BDE-209, 207, and 197 during depuration were 1.1 ± 0.1, 2.7 ± 0.3, and 10.5 ± 3.1 d in serum and 0.9 ± 0.1, 2.2 ± 0.2, and 11.8 ± 2.3 d in liver, i.e., the half-life increased with decreasing level of bromination from deca- to octa-BDEs and was similar in both serum and liver. By contrast, the half-life of the debromination metabolite BDE-207 (21.7 ± 7.7 d) was longer in small intestine than in serum and liver, suggesting slower depletion of BDE-209 metabolites in small intestine. The metabolism of BDE-209 was not responsible for the occurrence of low brominated BDE congeners and OH and MeO-PBDEs in human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Bo Mi
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lian-Jun Bao
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chen-Chou Wu
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Charles S Wong
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Department of Environmental Studies and Sciences and Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environment, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3B 2E9, Canada
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Ji F, Luan H, Huang Y, Cai Z, Li M. MS-Based Metabolomics for the Investigation of Neuro-Metabolic Changes Associated with BDE-47 Exposure in C57BL/6 Mice. J Anal Test 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-017-0026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Chen YP, Zheng YJ, Liu Q, Ellison AM, Zhao Y, Ma QY. PBDEs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers) pose a risk to captive giant pandas. Environ Pollut 2017; 226:174-181. [PMID: 28431316 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The Qinling subspecies of giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis), is highly endangered; fewer than 350 individuals still inhabit Qinling Mountains. Previous research revealed captive pandas were exposed to bromine, so we hypothesized that captive pandas were exposed to and affected by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). To test this hypothesis, we tested blood and feces of captive and wild pandas, their drinking water, food (bamboo leaves) from SWARC (Shaanxi Wild Animal Research Center)and FNNR (Foping National Nature Reserve) and supplemental feedstuff given to captive panda at SWARC. We found 13 congeners of PBDEs in fecal samples, of which BDE47, BDE66, BDE71, BDE99, and BDE154 were the dominant, total PBDE concentration in feces of captive pandas was 255% higher than in wild pandas. We found nine PBDEs congeners in blood samples: BDE153 and BDE183 were the predominant congers. PBDEs in blood from captive pandas were significantly higher than in wild pandas. The total concentration of PBDEs were 5473 and 4835 (pg.g) in Fargesia qinlingensis, were 2192 and 1414 (pg.g) in Bashannia fargesii (2192, 1414 pg g), 0.066, 0.038 (pg/ml) in drinking water, and 28.8 (pg.g) in supplemental feedstuff for captive and wild pandas, which indicate that the PBDEs came from its bamboo feed, especially from Bashannia fargesii. Our results demonstrate that BDE99 and BDE47 could be threatening the pandas' health especially for captive panda and there are potential health risks from PBDEs for pandas. In the short term, this risk may be ameliorated by strict control of food quality. In the long term, however, reducing air, water and soil contamination so as to improve environmental quality can best reduce these risks to meet the international standard such as Stockholm Convention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Chen
- SKLLQG (State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology), Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, Xi'an 710075, China; College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Ying-Juan Zheng
- SKLLQG (State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology), Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, Xi'an 710075, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- SKLLQG (State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology), Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, Xi'an 710075, China
| | - Aaron M Ellison
- Harvard University, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA 01368, USA
| | - Yan Zhao
- SKLLQG (State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology), Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, Xi'an 710075, China
| | - Qing-Yi Ma
- Shaanxi Wild Animal Research Center, Zhouzhi, Xi'an 710402, China
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31
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Khalil A, Parker M, Mpanga R, Cevik SE, Thorburn C, Suvorov A. Developmental Exposure to 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether Induces Long-Lasting Changes in Liver Metabolism in Male Mice. J Endocr Soc 2017; 1:323-344. [PMID: 29264491 PMCID: PMC5686773 DOI: 10.1210/js.2016-1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were used as flame-retardant additives in a wide range of polymers. The generations born when environmental concentrations of PBDEs reached their maximum account in the United States for one-fifth of the total population. We hypothesized that exposure to PBDEs during sensitive developmental windows might result in long-lasting changes in liver metabolism. The present study was based on experiments with CD-1 mice and human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (human hepatoma cell line, HepG2). Pregnant mice were exposed to 0.2 mg/kg 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) from gestation day 8 until postnatal day 21. The metabolic health-related outcomes were analyzed on postnatal day 21 and postnatal week 20 in male offspring. Several groups of metabolic genes, including ribosomal and mitochondrial genes, were significantly upregulated in the liver at both points. Genes regulated via mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, the gatekeeper of metabolic homeostasis, were whether up- or downregulated at both measurement points. On postnatal day 21, but not week 20, both mTOR complexes in the liver were activated, as measured by phosphorylation of their targets. mTOR complexes were also activated by BDE-47 in HepG2 cells in vitro. The following changes were observed at week 20: a decreased number of polyploid hepatocytes, suppressed cytoplasmic S6K1, twofold greater blood insulin-like growth factor-1 and triglycerides, and 2.5-fold lower expression of fatty acid uptake membrane receptor CD36 in liver tissue. Thus, perinatal exposure to environmentally relevant doses of BDE-47 in laboratory mice results in long-lasting changes in liver physiology. Our evidence suggests involvement of the mTOR pathway in the observed metabolic programming of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Khalil
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
| | - Mikhail Parker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Richard Mpanga
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Sebnem E. Cevik
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Cassandra Thorburn
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - Alexander Suvorov
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Knudsen GA, Hughes MF, Sanders JM, Hall SM, Birnbaum LS. Estimation of human percutaneous bioavailability for two novel brominated flame retardants, 2-ethylhexyl 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EH-TBB) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (BEH-TEBP). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 311:117-127. [PMID: 27732871 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
2-Ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EH-TBB) and bis(2-ethylhexyl)tetrabromophthalate (BEH-TEBP) are novel brominated flame retardants used in consumer products. A parallelogram approach was used to predict human dermal absorption and flux for EH-TBB and BEH-TEBP. [14C]-EH-TBB or [14C]-BEH-TEBP was applied to human or rat skin at 100nmol/cm2 using a flow-through system. Intact rats received analogous dermal doses. Treated skin was washed and tape-stripped to remove "unabsorbed" [14C]-radioactivity after continuous exposure (24h). "Absorbed" was quantified using dermally retained [14C]-radioactivity; "penetrated" was calculated based on [14C]-radioactivity in media (in vitro) or excreta+tissues (in vivo). Human skin absorbed EH-TBB (24±1%) while 0.2±0.1% penetrated skin. Rat skin absorbed more (51±10%) and was more permeable (2±0.5%) to EH-TBB in vitro; maximal EH-TBB flux was 11±7 and 102±24pmol-eq/cm2/h for human and rat skin, respectively. In vivo, 27±5% was absorbed and 13% reached systemic circulation after 24h (maximum flux was 464±65pmol-eq/cm2/h). BEH-TEBP in vitro penetrance was minimal (<0.01%) for rat or human skin. BEH-TEBP absorption was 12±11% for human skin and 41±3% for rat skin. In vivo, total absorption was 27±9%; 1.2% reached systemic circulation. In vitro maximal BEH-TEBP flux was 0.3±0.2 and 1±0.3pmol-eq/cm2/h for human and rat skin; in vivo maximum flux for rat skin was 16±7pmol-eq/cm2/h. EH-TBB was metabolized in rat and human skin to tetrabromobenzoic acid. BEH-TEBP-derived [14C]-radioactivity in the perfusion media could not be characterized. <1% of the dose of EH-TBB and BEH-TEHP is estimated to reach the systemic circulation following human dermal exposure under the conditions tested. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS STUDIED IN THIS ARTICLE 2-Ethylhexyl 2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (PubChem CID: 71316600; CAS No. 183658-27-7 FW: 549.92g/mol logPest: 7.73-8.75 (12)) Abdallah et al., 2015a. Other published abbreviations for 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate are TBB EHTeBB or EHTBB Abdallah and Harrad, 2011. bis(2-ethylhexyl) tetrabromophthalate (PubChem CID: 117291; CAS No. 26040-51-7 FW: 706.14g/mol logPest: 9.48-11.95 (12)). Other published abbreviations for bis(2-ethylhexyl)tetrabromophthalate are TeBrDEPH TBPH or BEHTBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Knudsen
- NCI Laboratory of Toxicology and Toxicokinetics, 111 T W Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Michael F Hughes
- Integrated Systems Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | - J Michael Sanders
- NCI Laboratory of Toxicology and Toxicokinetics, 111 T W Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Samantha M Hall
- NCI Laboratory of Toxicology and Toxicokinetics, 111 T W Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Linda S Birnbaum
- NCI Laboratory of Toxicology and Toxicokinetics, 111 T W Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Wu CC, Bao LJ, Tao S, Zeng EY. Dermal Uptake from Airborne Organics as an Important Route of Human Exposure to E-Waste Combustion Fumes. Environ Sci Technol 2016; 50:6599-6605. [PMID: 26937778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Skin absorption of gaseous organic contaminants is an important and relevant mechanism in human exposure to such contaminants, but has not been adequately examined. This article demonstrates that dermal uptake from airborne contaminants could be recognized as a significant exposure route for local residents subjecting to combustion fume from e-waste recycling activities. It is particularly true for organic pollutants which have high dermal penetration rates and large skin-air partition coefficients, such as low molecular weight plasticizers and flame retardants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Chou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou 510640, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lian-Jun Bao
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Science, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Eddy Y Zeng
- School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou 510632, China
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Díaz-Jaramillo M, Miglioranza KSB, Gonzalez M, Barón E, Monserrat JM, Eljarrat E, Barceló D. Uptake, metabolism and sub-lethal effects of BDE-47 in two estuarine invertebrates with different trophic positions. Environ Pollut 2016; 213:608-617. [PMID: 27017137 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Two microcosm types -sediment-biota and biota-biota- were constructed to simulate different pathways of BDE-47 uptake, metabolism and oxidative stress effects in two key estuarine invertebrates (polychaete Laeonereis acuta and crab Cyrtograpsus angulatus). In the sediment-biota experiment, both species were exposed to spiked sediments; an environmentally reported and a high concentration of BDE-47 for 2 weeks. In the biota-biota experiment, crabs were fed with polychaetes pre-exposed to BDE-47 in the sediment-biota experiment. The sediment-biota experiment first revealed that polychaetes significantly accumulated BDE-47 (biota-sediment accumulation factor >2; p < 0.05) to a much greater extent than the crab organs (muscle, hepatopancreas, gills) at both sediment concentrations. For oxidative stress responses, polychaete and crab tissues exposed to spiked sediment showed a significant increase (p < 0.05) of only glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity with respect to controls in both BDE-47 concentrations. No lipid peroxidation (TBARS) or total antioxidant capacity (ACAP) changes were evident in the species or organs exposed to either BDE-47 sediment concentration. The biota-biota experiment showed that feeding crabs with pre-exposed polychaetes caused BDE-47 accumulation in organs as well as significant amounts of BDE-47 eliminated through feces (p < 0.05). Unlike the sediment-biota exposure, crabs fed with pre-exposed BDE-47 polychaetes showed the most conspicuous oxidative stress responses. Significant changes in GST and ACAP in both hepatopancreas and gills, in addition to enhanced TBARS levels in the hepatopancreas with respect to controls (p < 0.05), revealed that BDE-47 assimilated by invertebrates represents a potential source of toxicity to their predators. No methoxylated metabolites (MeO-PBDEs) were detected during BDE-47 metabolism in the invertebrates in either of the two different exposure types. In contrast, hydroxylated metabolites (OH-PBDEs) were detected in polychaetes and crab organs/feces in both experiments. Our results demonstrate that PBDE hydroxylation is one of the main biotransformation routes of BDE-47 in estuarine animals, which could be associated with the oxidative stress responses found.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Díaz-Jaramillo
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Argentina.
| | - K S B Miglioranza
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Argentina
| | - M Gonzalez
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología y Contaminación Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC), Universidad de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Argentina
| | - E Barón
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Dep. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Monserrat
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande - FURG, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - E Eljarrat
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Dep. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Barceló
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, Dep. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Park EJ, Kim SN, Kang MS, Lee BS, Yoon C, Jeong U, Kim Y, Lee GH, Kim DW, Kim JS. A higher aspect ratio enhanced bioaccumulation and altered immune responses due to intravenously-injected aluminum oxide nanoparticles. J Immunotoxicol 2016; 13:439-48. [PMID: 27042761 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2015.1122116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum oxide nanoparticles (AlO NP) have been widely utilized in a variety of areas, including in the optical, biomedical and electronic fields and in the overall development of nanotechnologies. However, their toxicological profiles are still not fully developed. This study compared the distribution and immunotoxicity of two rod-types of AlO NP. As reported previously, the two types of AlO NP had different aspect ratios (long-type: 6.2 ± 0.6, short-type: 2.1 ± 0.4), but the size and surface charge were very similar. On Day 14 after a single intravenous (IV) injection (1.25 or 5 mg/kg), both AlO NP accumulated primarily in the liver and spleen and altered the levels of redox response-related elements. The accumulated level was higher in mice exposed to the long-type AlO NP compared to the short-type. Additionally, it was noted that the levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and MCP-1 were enhanced in the blood of mice exposed to both types of AlO NP and the percentages of neutrophils and monocytes among all white blood cells were increased only in mice injected with the long-type AlO NP (5 mg/kg). In addition, as compared to the control, co-expression of CD80 and CD86 (necessary for antigen presentation) on splenocytes together with a decreased expression of chemotaxis-related marker (CD195) was attenuated by exposure to the AlO NP, especially the long-type. Taken together, the data suggest that accumulation following a single IV injection with rod-types of AlO NP is strengthened by a high aspect ratio and, subsequently, this accumulation has the potential to influence immune functions in an exposed host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- a Myunggok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Soo Nam Kim
- b Toxicologic Pathology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Min-Sung Kang
- b Toxicologic Pathology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- b Toxicologic Pathology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Cheolho Yoon
- c Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute , Seoul , Korea
| | - Uiseok Jeong
- d Department of Chemical Engineering , Kwangwoon University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Younghun Kim
- d Department of Chemical Engineering , Kwangwoon University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Gwang-Hee Lee
- e School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- e School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Jong Sung Kim
- f Department of Community Health and Epidemiology , Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University , Halifax , NS , Canada
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Abstract
Male house mice produce large quantities of major urinary proteins (MUPs), which function to bind and transport volatile pheromones, though they may also function as scavengers that bind and excrete toxic compounds (‘toxic waste hypothesis’). In this study, we demonstrate the presence of an industrial chemical, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (DTBP), in the urine of wild-derived house mice (Mus musculus musculus). Addition of guanidine hydrochloride to male and female urine resulted in an increased release of DTBP. This increase was only observed in the high molecular weight fractions (HMWF; > 3 kDa) separated from male or female urine, suggesting that the increased release of DTBP was likely due to the denaturation of MUPs and the subsequent release of MUP-bound DTBP. Furthermore, when DTBP was added to a HMWF isolated from male urine, an increase in 2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole (SBT), the major ligand of MUPs and a male-specific pheromone, was observed, indicating that DTBP was bound to MUPs and displaced SBT. These results suggest that DTBP is a MUP ligand. Moreover, we found evidence for competitive ligand binding between DTBP and SBT, suggesting that males potentially face a tradeoff between eliminating toxic wastes versus transporting pheromones. Our findings support the hypothesis that MUPs bind and eliminate toxic wastes, which may provide the most important fitness benefits of excreting large quantities of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kwak
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| | - Eva Strasser
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ken Luzynski
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Thoß
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dustin J. Penn
- Konrad Lorenz Institute of Ethology, Department of Integrative Biology and Evolution, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
I would certainly never have predicted that I would become the director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and the National Toxicology Program (NTP) when I was a Jewish girl growing up in Teaneck, New Jersey. My family stressed the importance of education. Yet for a girl there were many not-so-subtle suggestions that the appropriate careers were in teaching or nursing, and the most important thing was to be a wife and mother. Well, I can't disagree with the latter, although I would have to add grandmother to that list of achievements. My parents were both college graduates, but my mom only taught high school English for one year before leaving the field to start our family. My dad returned from World War II and joined his brother in accounting. After my first sister was born, my father joined my mother's family jewelry business and helped to open a second retail store. My mother helped my dad out during the busy times—Christmas and wedding season—but otherwise focused on our growing family of three girls and one boy. This became increasingly challenging when it became clear that my little brother was severely retarded and would require extra care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda S Birnbaum
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709;
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Dao T, Hong X, Wang X, Tang WY. Aberrant 5'-CpG Methylation of Cord Blood TNFα Associated with Maternal Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138815. [PMID: 26406892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that maternal exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals during pregnancy may lead to poor pregnancy outcomes and increased fetal susceptibility to adult diseases. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), which are ubiquitously used flame-retardants, could leach into the environment; and become persistent organic pollutants via bioaccumulation. In the United States, blood PBDE levels in adults range from 30–100 ng/g- lipid but the alarming health concern revolves around children who have reported blood PBDE levels 3 to 9-fold higher than adults. PBDEs disrupt endocrine, immune, reproductive and nervous systems. However, the mechanism underlying its adverse health effect is not fully understood. Epigenetics is a possible biological mechanism underlying maternal exposure-child health outcomes by regulating gene expression without changes in the DNA sequence. We sought to examine the relationship between maternal exposure to environmental PBDEs and promoter methylation of a proinflammatory gene, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). We measured the maternal blood PBDE levels and cord blood TNFα promoter methylation levels on 46 paired samples of maternal and cord blood from the Boston Birth Cohort (BBC). We showed that decreased cord blood TNFα methylation associated with high maternal PBDE47 exposure. CpG site-specific methylation showed significantly hypomethylation in the girl whose mother has a high blood PBDE47 level. Consistently, decreased TNFα methylation associated with an increase in TNFα protein level in cord blood. In conclusion, our finding provided evidence that in utero exposure to PBDEs may epigenetically reprogram the offspring’s immunological response through promoter methylation of a proinflammatory gene.
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Knudsen GA, Hughes MF, McIntosh KL, Sanders JM, Birnbaum LS. Estimation of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) percutaneous uptake in humans using the parallelogram method. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 289:323-9. [PMID: 26387765 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is currently the world's highest production volume brominated flame retardant. Humans are frequently exposed to TBBPA by the dermal route. In the present study, a parallelogram approach was used to make predictions of internal dose in exposed humans. Human and rat skin samples received 100 nmol of TBBPA/cm(2) skin and absorption and penetrance were determined using a flow-through in vitro system. TBBPA-derived [(14)C]-radioactivity was determined at 6h intervals in the media and at 24h post-dosing in the skin. The human skin and media contained an average of 3.4% and 0.2% of the total dose at the terminal time point, respectively, while the rat skin and media contained 9.3% and 3.5%, respectively. In the intact rat, 14% of a dermally-administered dose of ~100 nmol/cm(2) remained in the skin at the dosing site, with an additional 8% reaching systemic circulation by 24h post-dosing. Relative absorption and penetrance were less (10% total) at 24h following dermal administration of a ten-fold higher dose (~1000 nmol/cm(2)) to rats. However, by 72 h, 70% of this dose was either absorbed into the dosing-site skin or had reached systemic circulation. It is clear from these results that TBBPA can be absorbed by the skin and dermal contact with TBBPA may represent a small but important route of exposure. Together, these in vitro data in human and rat skin and in vivo data from rats may be used to predict TBBPA absorption in humans following dermal exposure. Based on this parallelogram calculation, up to 6% of dermally applied TBBPA may be bioavailable to humans exposed to TBBPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Knudsen
- NCI at NIEHS, 111 T W Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
| | - Michael F Hughes
- Integrated Systems Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA
| | | | - J Michael Sanders
- NCI at NIEHS, 111 T W Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Linda S Birnbaum
- NCI at NIEHS, 111 T W Alexander Dr., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Abdallah MAE, Pawar G, Harrad S. Effect of Bromine Substitution on Human Dermal Absorption of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers. Environ Sci Technol 2015; 49:10976-83. [PMID: 26301594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b03904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Human dermal absorption of eight mono- to deca-brominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) was investigated for the first time using EPISKIN human skin equivalent tissue. Using a standard in vitro protocol, EPISKIN tissues mounted in specially designed diffusion cells were exposed to the target PBDEs for 24 h. Estimated steady-state flux (Jss) and permeation coefficients (Papp) across the skin increased with decreasing bromine substitution from BDE-153 (Papp = 4.0 × 10(-4) cm/h) to BDE-1 (Papp = 1.1 × 10(-2) cm/h). This was accompanied by an increase in the time required to traverse the skin tissue into the receptor fluid (lag time) from 0.25 h for BDE-1 to 1.26 h for BDE-153. Papp values for the studied PBDEs were correlated significantly (P < 0.05) with physicochemical parameters like water solubility and log KOW. While less brominated congeners achieved faster dermal penetration, higher PBDEs displayed greater accumulation within the skin tissue. The PBDEs thus accumulated represent a contaminant depot from which they may be slowly released to the systemic circulation over a prolonged period. Maximal percutaneous penetration was observed for BDE-1 (∼ 30% of the applied 500 ng/cm(2) dose). Interestingly, BDE-183 and BDE-209 showed very low dermal absorption, exemplified by a failure to reach the steady state within the 24 h exposure period that was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah
- Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University , 71526 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Gopal Pawar
- Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Harrad
- Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management, School of Geography, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Kim B, Colon E, Chawla S, Vandenberg LN, Suvorov A. Endocrine disruptors alter social behaviors and indirectly influence social hierarchies via changes in body weight. Environ Health 2015; 14:64. [PMID: 26242739 PMCID: PMC4524022 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-015-0051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In humans, the causal link between socioeconomic status (SES) and body weight (BW) is bidirectional, as chronic stress associated with low SES may increase risk of obesity and excess weight may worsen career opportunities resulting in lower SES. We hypothesize that environmental factors affecting BW and/or social stress might reprogram physiological and social trajectories of individuals. OBJECTIVES To analyze interactions between BW and social behaviors in mice perinatally exposed to one of several environmental endocrine disruptors. METHODS CD-1 mice were fed 0.2 mg/kg BW/day tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBPA), 2,2,4,4-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), bisphenol S (BPS), or oil (vehicle) from pregnancy day 8 through postpartum day 21. Three male offspring (triad) from each litter were housed together until week 15 and subjected to a Sociability Test and Tube Tests. Cages were then rearranged so that animals of the same social rank from the four exposure groups were housed together in tetrads. Social hierarchy in tetrads was again analyzed by Tube Tests. RESULTS In Sociability Tests, the mean velocity of all exposed animals increased when they encountered a stranger mouse and less time was spent with conspecifics. BW and social dominance of animals in triads and tetrads were inversely associated. BDE-47 and BPS caused transient decreases in BW. CONCLUSIONS Developmental exposure to environmental xenobiotics shifted behavior towards increased anxiety and decreased interest in social interactions. Our mouse model reproduces negative associations between social hierarchy status and BW. These results suggest that manipulation of BW by endocrine disruptors may affect social ranking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences (SPHHS), University of Massachusetts, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Goessmann 149A, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Eliezer Colon
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences (SPHHS), University of Massachusetts, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Goessmann 149A, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Shivansh Chawla
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences (SPHHS), University of Massachusetts, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Goessmann 149A, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences (SPHHS), University of Massachusetts, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Goessmann 149A, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Alexander Suvorov
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Health Sciences (SPHHS), University of Massachusetts, 686 N. Pleasant Street, Goessmann 149A, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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Yang J, Chan KM. Evaluation of the toxic effects of brominated compounds (BDE-47, 99, 209, TBBPA) and bisphenol A (BPA) using a zebrafish liver cell line, ZFL. Aquat Toxicol 2015; 159:138-147. [PMID: 25544063 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The toxic effects of three polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congeners (BDE-47, -99, and -209), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and bisphenol A (BPA), were evaluated by determining their 24h and 96 h median lethal concentrations using a zebrafish liver cell line, ZFL. It was found that BDE-47, BDE-99 and TBBPA showed comparative cytotoxicity within the range of 1.2-4.2 μM, and were more toxic than BPA (367.1 μM at 24 h and 357.6 μM at 96 h). However, BDE-209 induced only 15% lethality with exposures up to 25 μM. The molecular stresses of BDE-47, -99, TBBPA and BPA involved in thyroid hormone (TH) homeostasis and hepatic metabolism were also investigated. Using a reporter gene system to detect zebrafish thyroid hormone receptor β (zfTRβ) transcriptional activity, the median effective concentration of triiodothyronine (T3) was determined to be 9.2×10(-11) M. BDE-47, BDE-99, TBBPA and BPA alone, however, did not exhibit zfTRβ agonistic activity. BPA displayed T3 (0.1 nM) induced zfTRβ antagonistic activity with a median inhibitory concentration of 19.3 μM. BDE-47, BDE-99 and TBBPA displayed no antagonistic effects of T3-induced zfTRβ activity. Target gene expressions were also examined under acute exposures. The significant inhibition of different types of deiodinases by all of the test chemicals indicated TH circulation disruption. All four chemicals, especially BPA, were able to affect transcripts of phase II hepatic metabolizing enzymes (UGT2A1, SULT1) in vitro. In conclusion, the zfTRβ reporter gene system developed here helps delineate an in vitro model to enable the analysis of the TH disruption effects of environmental pollutants in fish. BPA and the brominated compounds tested were able to disrupt the TH system at the gene expression level, probably through the deiodination pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - King Ming Chan
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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Xu T, Zhao J, Yin D, Zhao Q, Dong B. High-throughput RNA sequencing reveals the effects of 2,2',4,4' -tetrabromodiphenyl ether on retina and bone development of zebrafish larvae. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:23. [PMID: 25614096 PMCID: PMC4312473 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-014-1194-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE47) is a prevalent environmental pollutant and has been demonstrated to be a serious toxicant in both humans and animals, but little is known about the molecular mechanism underlying its toxic effect on the early development of vertebrates. BDE47-treated zebrafish larvae were found to present the light-related locomotion reduction in our previous study, therefore, we aimed to use high throughput sequencing to investigate the possible reasons from a transcriptomic perspective. Results By exposing zebrafish embryos/larvae to 5 μg/l and 500 μg/l BDE47, we measured the influence of BDE47 on the mRNA expression profiles of zebrafish larvae until 6 days post-fertilization, using Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencing. Differential expression analysis and gene enrichment analysis respectively revealed that a great number of genes, and gene sets based on two popular terminologies, were affected by the treatment of 500 μg/l BDE47. Among them, BDE47 caused changes in the retinal metabolism and related biological processes involving eye morphogenesis and visual perception, as confirmed by disordered photoreceptor arrangement and thickened bipolar cell layer of larval retina from histological observations. Other altered genes such as pth1a and collaborative cathepsin family exhibited disrupted bone development, which was consistent with the body curvature phenotype. The transcriptome of larvae was not significantly affected by the treatment of 5 μg/l BDE47, as well as the treatment of DMSO vehicle. Conclusions Our results suggest that high BDE47 concentrations disrupt the eye and bone development of zebrafish larvae based on both transcriptomic and morphological evidences. The abnormal visual perception may result in the alteration of dark adaption, which was probably responsible for the abnormal larval locomotion. Body curvature arose from enhanced bone resorption because of the intensive up-regulation of related genes. We also proposed the larval retina as a novel potential target tissue for BDE47 exposure. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-014-1194-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Post-doctoral Research Station of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China. .,Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Daqiang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Qingshun Zhao
- Model Animal Research Center, MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210061, China.
| | - Bingzhi Dong
- Post-doctoral Research Station of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Liu PY, Chen XR, Zhao YX, Li YY, Qin XF, Qin ZF. Changes of polybrominated diphenyl ether concentrations in ducks with background exposure level and time. Chemosphere 2015; 118:253-260. [PMID: 25290171 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To reveal what degree bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) depends on exposure time and other factors, we conducted a semi-field experiment for a year (June 2008-June 2009) in a village in an e-waste recycling site in Taizhou, China. Approximately one hundred of juvenile ducks (Anas domestica Linnaeus) were entrusted to a villager. The ducks lived and forged in a PBDE-polluted pond from the late March to the end of November. Fish and mudsnails that were heavily polluted by PBDEs were main food. In cold days (from December to the middle March), the ducks lived in the villager' house, and mainly fed on paddy, which contained lower concentrations of PBDEs than fish and mudsnails. The female ducks were sampled for PBDE analysis every three months. We found that the ∑PBDE concentrations in duck liver, muscle, lung and brain fluctuated greatly with the changes of exposure levels that were determined by the environment and diets, but the ∑PBDE concentrations in fat tissue increased successively with time. Congener analysis demonstrated that the successive increase in the ∑PBDE concentrations with time in fat tissue was due to the successive increase in BDE-209, -183 and -153 concentrations, with large fluctuations of low brominated congeners. The results show that PBDE concentrations in liver, muscle, lung and brain tissues heavily depends on exposure levels rather than exposure time. In fat tissue, by contrast, PBDE concentrations (mainly high brominated congeners) slightly depends on exposure levels but heavily depend on time relative to other tissues, implying that high brominated congeners seem to have longer half-lives than low brominated congeners in fat tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Yan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao-Ran Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Ya-Xian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Zhan-Fen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Abdallah MAE, Pawar G, Harrad S. Evaluation of in vitro vs. in vivo methods for assessment of dermal absorption of organic flame retardants: a review. Environ Int 2015; 74:13-22. [PMID: 25310507 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest to study human dermal exposure to a large number of chemicals, whether in the indoor or outdoor environment. Such studies are essential to predict the systemic exposure to xenobiotic chemicals for risk assessment purposes and to comply with various regulatory guidelines. However, very little is currently known about human dermal exposure to persistent organic pollutants. While recent pharmacokinetic studies have highlighted the importance of dermal contact as a pathway of human exposure to brominated flame retardants, risk assessment studies had to apply assumed values for percutaneous penetration of various flame retardants (FRs) due to complete absence of specific experimental data on their human dermal bioavailability. Therefore, this article discusses the current state-of-knowledge on the significance of dermal contact as a pathway of human exposure to FRs. The available literature on in vivo and in vitro methods for assessment of dermal absorption of FRs in human and laboratory animals is critically reviewed. Finally, a novel approach for studying human dermal absorption of FRs using in vitro three-dimensional (3D) human skin equivalent models is presented and the challenges facing future dermal absorption studies on FRs are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah
- Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Gopal Pawar
- Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Harrad
- Division of Environmental Health and Risk Management, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
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Kim UJ, Yen NTH, Oh JE. Hydroxylated, methoxylated, and parent polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the inland environment, Korea, and potential OH- and MeO-BDE source. Environ Sci Technol 2014; 48:7245-7253. [PMID: 24911666 DOI: 10.1021/es5006972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations, congener profiles, and phase-specific distribution profiles of 27 polybrominated diphenyl ethers and 10 hydroxylated and 18 methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers (OH- and MeO-BDEs; later called structural analogues of PBDEs) were determined in surface soil, water, air, and vegetation from the southeastern city of Busan, Korea for 2010-2011. The total PBDE concentrations were 0.18-7.7 ng/g in soil, 6.3-87 pg/L [corrected] in water, 5.3-16 pg/m(3) in air, and 0.06-0.22 ng/g in vegetation. The OH- and MeO-BDE concentrations were lower than the parent PBDE concentrations in soil samples but OH-BDEs were much greater in the water samples and MeO-BDEs were much greater in the air samples. The relative concentrations of the PBDEs and their structural analogues varied depending on the type and homologue of the degradation product, the substituent position, and the characteristics of the environmental medium. In particular, the OH-BDEs were not found in air samples and the OH-penta BDEs were not detected in any of the matrices. The dominance of the ortho-substituted structural analogues found in water and vegetation suggested that they may have natural sources, but different substituent patterns were found in the air and soil samples, suggesting that the structural analogues had different formation mechanisms in these media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Un-Jung Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University , Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Republic of Korea
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48
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Weijs L, Hickie B, Blust R, Covaci A. Overview of the Current State-of-the-Art for Bioaccumulation Models in Marine Mammals. Toxics 2014; 2:226-46. [DOI: 10.3390/toxics2020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Penell J, Lind L, Fall T, Syvänen AC, Axelsson T, Lundmark P, Morris AP, Lindgren C, Mahajan A, Salihovic S, van Bavel B, Ingelsson E, Lind PM. Genetic variation in the CYP2B6 gene is related to circulating 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) concentrations: an observational population-based study. Environ Health 2014; 13:34. [PMID: 24885815 PMCID: PMC4024654 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-13-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since human CYP2B6 has been identified as the major CYP enzyme involved in the metabolism of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) and that human 2B6 is a highly polymorphic CYP, with known functional variants, we evaluated if circulating concentrations of a major brominated flame retardant, BDE-47, were related to genetic variation in the CYP2B6 gene in a population sample. METHODS In the population-based Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study (men and women all aged 70), 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the CYP2B6 gene were genotyped. Circulating concentrations of BDE-47 were analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/ HRMS). RESULTS Several SNPs in the CYP2B6 gene were associated with circulating concentrations of BDE-47 (P = 10-4 to 10-9). The investigated SNPs came primarily from two haplotypes, although the correlation between the haplotypes was rather high. Conditional analyses adjusting for the SNP with the strongest association with the exposure (rs2014141) did not provide evidence for independent signals. CONCLUSION Circulating concentrations of BDE-47 were related to genetic variation in the CYP2B6 gene in an elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Penell
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tove Fall
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anne-Christine Syvänen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tomas Axelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Per Lundmark
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrew P Morris
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cecilia Lindgren
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Samira Salihovic
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Bert van Bavel
- MTM Research Centre, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Erik Ingelsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Epidemiology and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - P Monica Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Kang Y, Yin Y, Zhang QY, Li LS, Zeng LX, Luo JW, Wong MH. Heavy metal influence on BDE-47 uptake in the human KERTr keratinocyte cell line. Environ Toxicol 2014; 29:354-361. [PMID: 23362231 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Significant correlations between concentrations of PBDEs and heavy metals were observed in the human body. However, there is a lack of evidence on the linkage between the uptake of heavy metals and PBDEs. This study is the first report on the BDE-47 uptake profile in a human cell line. Hg and As exposures to KERTr (human skin derived keratinocyte) did not significantly (p > 0.05) affect the uptake of BDE47, whereas Pb and Cd significantly (p < 0.05) affected the uptake of BDE-47 in KERTr. The change in Km was minor after exposure to all heavy metals. The maximum transport rate (Vmax) after exposure to Pb (Vmax: 5.23 ± 0.49) and As (Vmax: 4.95 ± 0.60) was significantly increased when compared with the background of the KERTr cell line (Vmax: 4.07 ± 0.35). Real-time RT-PCR indicated that OATP-B, OATP-D, and OATP-E were expressed in the KERTr cell line. The upregulation or downregulation of OATP B and D genes were minor after exposure to heavy metals, but the OATP E gene was upregulated by three to fourfold in KERTr cell line after exposure to Pb an Cd, which may explain the significant increase of uptake of BDE-47 in KERTr after exposures to Pb and Cd. This study indicated that the uptake effects should be considered when performing risk assessment of human exposure to PBDEs and heavy metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Kang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Croucher Institute for Environmental Sciences and Department of Biology, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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