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Santos AO, Abrantes-Coutinho VE, Morais S, Oliveira TMBF. Agaricus bisporus Wild Mushroom Extract as Lectin Source for Engineering a Lactose Photoelectrochemical Biosensor. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:224. [PMID: 36831990 PMCID: PMC9953549 DOI: 10.3390/bios13020224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Agaricus bisporus mushroom biomass contains a lectin, ABL, with remarkable specificity for lactose biorecognition; in this work, this feature was explored to develop a photoelectrochemical biosensor. The high lectin activity found in saline extracts of this macrofungus (640 HU mL-1), even at critical pH values (4-10) and temperatures (20-100 °C), allowed its direct use as an ABL source. Theoretical and experimental evidence revealed favorable electrostatic and biocompatible conditions to immobilize ABL on a poly(methylene blue)/fluorine-doped tin oxide-coated glass platform, giving rise to the ABL/PMB/FTO biosensor. The conducting polymer added further photoactivity to the device, allowing the identification of lectin-carbohydrate interactions with even greater sensitivity. The dose-response curves studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy showed a sigmoidal profile that was well-fitted by Hill's equation, expanding the working dynamic range (15-540 nmol L-1 lactose; 20.2 pmol L-1 detection limit) and avoiding undesirable sample dilution or preconcentration procedures. Under the optimized photoelectrochemical conditions, the ABL/PMB/FTO biosensor showed remarkable signal stability, accuracy, specificity, and selectivity to analyze lactose in commercial food products. This research raises interest in ABL-based biosensors and the added value of the crude Agaricus bisporus extract toward the development of greener and more sustainable biotechnological approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- André O. Santos
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Juazeiro do Norte 63048-080, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Simone Morais
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Thiago M. B. F. Oliveira
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Cariri, Juazeiro do Norte 63048-080, CE, Brazil
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Zaki AH, Haiying B, Zhijun L. Medicinal Mushroom Leucocalocybe mongolica Imai Extracts Improve Mammary Gland Differentiation in Lactating Rats via Regulating Protein Expression. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022; 2022:1-13. [PMID: 35761899 PMCID: PMC9233605 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5762847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Leucocalocybe mongolica is a known medicinal mushroom in China. It possesses many biological activities. This study investigated the effect of L. mongolica petroleum ether and water extracts (200, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg BW) on mammary gland differentiation during lactation. However, prolactin, growth hormone, progesterone, and estrogen levels were determined in serum by ELISA assay. Immunofluorescence, western blot, and real-time PCR were utilized to evaluate the expression levels of β-casein, α-Lactalbumin, prolactin receptor, progesterone receptor, and STAT-5a. The immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect the presence of steroid receptors. The results showed that petroleum ether and water extracts increased milk yield and milk content of calcium, total fat, total carbohydrate, and total protein. Prolactin and growth hormone levels were significantly upregulated in all treated groups compared with the control group. In contrast, progesterone and estrogen were downregulated. The high doses of petroleum ether and water extracts increased the expression levels of β-Cas, α-Lactalb, PRLR, PR, and STAT-5a. The observation of histological sections showed that the extracts induced higher mammary gland differentiation than the control group. This study is the first to use mushrooms as nutritional supplements to improve milk production and mammary gland differentiation during lactation.
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Serna-Arbeláez MS, Florez-Sampedro L, Orozco LP, Ramírez K, Galeano E, Zapata W. Natural Products with Inhibitory Activity against Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. Adv Virol 2021; 2021:5552088. [PMID: 34194504 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5552088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are considered one of the main public health problems worldwide. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the current modality of treatment for HIV-1 infection. It comprises the combined use of several drugs and can decrease the viral load and increase the CD4+ T cell count in patients with HIV-1 infection, thereby proving to be an effective modality. This therapy significantly decreases the rate of morbidity and mortality owing to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and prolongs and improves the quality of life of infected patients. However, nonadherence to ART may increase viral resistance to antiretroviral drugs and transmission of drug-resistant strains of HIV. Therefore, it is necessary to continue research for compounds with anti-HIV-1 activity, exhibiting a potential for the development of an alternative or complementary therapy to ART with low cost and fewer side effects. Natural products and their derivatives represent an excellent option owing to their therapeutic potential against HIV. Currently, the derivatives of natural products available as anti-HIV-1 agents include zidovudine, an arabinonucleoside derivative of the Caribbean marine sponge (Tectitethya crypta), which inhibits the reverse transcriptase of the virus. This was the first antiviral agent approved for treatment of HIV infection. Additionally, bevirimat (isolated from Syzygium claviflorum) and calanolide A (isolated from Calophyllum sp.) are inhibitors of viral maturation and reverse transcription process, respectively. In the present review, we aimed to describe the wide repertoire of natural compounds exhibiting anti-HIV-1 activity that can be considered for designing new therapeutic strategies to curb the HIV pandemic.
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Duan M, Bao H, Bau T. Analyses of transcriptomes and the first complete genome of Leucocalocybe mongolica provide new insights into phylogenetic relationships and conservation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2930. [PMID: 33536487 PMCID: PMC7858605 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81784-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report a de novo assembly of the first high-quality genome for a wild mushroom species Leucocalocybe mongolica (LM). We performed high-throughput transcriptome sequencing to analyze the genetic basis for the life history of LM. Our results show that the genome size of LM is 46.0 Mb, including 26 contigs with a contig N50 size of 3.6 Mb. In total, we predicted 11,599 protein-coding genes, of which 65.7% (7630) could be aligned with high confidence to annotated homologous genes in other species. We performed phylogenetic analyses using genes form 3269 single-copy gene families and showed support for distinguishing LM from the genus Tricholoma (L.) P.Kumm., in which it is sometimes circumscribed. We believe that one reason for limited wild occurrences of LM may be the loss of key metabolic genes, especially carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), based on comparisons with other closely related species. The results of our transcriptome analyses between vegetative (mycelia) and reproductive (fruiting bodies) organs indicated that changes in gene expression among some key CAZyme genes may help to determine the switch from asexual to sexual reproduction. Taken together, our genomic and transcriptome data for LM comprise a valuable resource for both understanding the evolutionary and life history of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzheng Duan
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (North), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Haiying Bao
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (North), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
| | - Tolgor Bau
- grid.464353.30000 0000 9888 756XKey Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (North), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 Jilin China
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Dudekula UT, Doriya K, Devarai SK. A critical review on submerged production of mushroom and their bioactive metabolites. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:337. [PMID: 32670737 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are ubiquitous in nature. Even though humankind has been consuming mushrooms for ages, their medicinal and nutraceutical properties are not used to its fullest potential in the present market. Edible mushrooms are not only a cheap and nutritious option to mitigate malnutrition, but they also produce effective biomass. Submerged fermentation (SmF) is not only a cost-effective method to produce biomass along with exquisite bioactive metabolites but it also reduces the chances of contamination and the time of production. Therefore, this study unveils the bioactive metabolites being produced by mushrooms. Moreover, it also showcases the recent advances in the areas of bio-active compounds and their judicious implementations in daily life and pharmaceutical industries. Moreover, there is a distinct lack in utilizing the potential benefits of bioactive compounds from mushroom unless in vivo and in vitro studies are demonstrated.
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Chachadi VB, Pujari R, Shastry P, Swamy BM, Inamdar SR. Sclerotium rolfsii lectin induces opposite effects on normal PBMCs and leukemic Molt-4 cells by recognising TF antigen and its variants as receptors. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:251-61. [PMID: 31900725 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09905-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL) exerts apoptotic effect against various cancer cells and an antitumor activity on mice with colon and breast cancer xenografts. The current study aimed to explore its exquisite carbohydrate specificity on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and leukemic T-cells. SRL, showed strong binding (>98%) to resting/activated PBMCs, leukemic Molt-4 and Jurkat cell lines. The glycans mediated binding to these cells was effectively blocked by mucin and fetuin, exhibiting 97% and 94% inhibition respectively. SRL showed mitogenic stimulation of PBMCs at 10 μg/ml as determined by thymidine incorporation assay. In contrast, lectin induced a dose dependent growth inhibition of Molt-4 cells with 58% inhibition at 25 μg/ml. Many common membrane receptors in activated PBMCs, Molt 4 and Jurkat cells were identified by lectin blotting. However, membrane receptors that are recognized by SRL in normal resting PBMCs were totally different and are high molecular weight glycoproteins. Treatment of membrane receptors with glycosidases prior to lectin probing, revealed that fucosylated Thomsen-Friedenreich(TF) antigen glycans are increasingly expressed on transformed Molt-4 leukemic cells compared to other cells. The findings highlight the opposite effects of SRL on transformed and normal hematopoietic cells by recognizing different glycan-receptors. SRL has promising potential for diagnostics and therapeutic applications in leukaemia.
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Zhao X, Bau T, Bao H. Anti-tumor activity of polysaccharides obtained from Leucocalocybe mongolica using solid-state fermentation. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1807406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xueliang Zhao
- Engineering Research Centre of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Tolgor Bau
- Engineering Research Centre of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Haiying Bao
- Engineering Research Centre of Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, P.R. China
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Akev N, Candoken E, Erdem Kuruca S. Comparative Study on the Anticancer Drug Potential of a Lectin Purified from Aloe Vera and Aloe-Emodin. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:99-106. [PMID: 31983171 PMCID: PMC7294038 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.1.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The effect of Aloctin, a lectin purified from Aloe vera leaves, and aloe emodin an anthraquinone glycoside purified from the leaves of the same plant, on several cancer cell lines was investigated. Methods: Aloctin was isolated from A. vera leaf skin by ammonium sulphate precipitation and CNBr-Sepharose 4B-ovalbumin affinity chromatography. Specific new ligands for Aloctin were detected as fetuin and avidin by hemagglutination inhibition tests. The cytotoxic effect of Aloctin and aloe emodin on various human cancer cell lines was tested using MTT assay. Imatinib was tested as standard positive control. The mechanism underlying was tested by the Annexin V-FITC/PI test, with flow cytometry. Results: The most sensitive cells to Aloctin and aloe emodin treatment, were identified as AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. The effect was concentration dependent. It was shown that this effect does not occur by apoptosis or necrosis. In Aloctin-imatinib combinations studies, Aloctin significantly increased the cytotoxic effect of imatinib in a dose-dependent manner. It is expected that the results of this study will reveal important findings for the future use of A. vera lectin as well as aloe emodin in cancer research and contribution to lectin biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuriye Akev
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eda Candoken
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serap Erdem Kuruca
- Department of Physiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zhou R, Liu ZK, Zhang YN, Wong JH, Ng TB, Liu F. Research Progress of Bioactive Proteins from the Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:196-219. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203719666180613090710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
For centuries, mushrooms have been widely used as traditional Chinese medicine in Asia.
Apart from polysaccharides and some small-molecule components, such as flavones, polyphenols and
terpenes, mushrooms produce a large number of pharmaceutically active proteins, which have become
popular sources of natural antitumor, antimicrobial, immunoenhancing agents. These bioactive proteins
include lectins, laccases, Ribosome Inactivating Proteins (RIPs), nucleases, and Fungal Immunomodulatory
Proteins (FIPs). The review is to summarize the characterstics of structure and bioactivities involved
in antitumor, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial and immunoenhancing activities of proteins from
edible mushrooms, to better understand their mechanisms, and to direct research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411105, China
| | - Zhao Kun Liu
- Department of History, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Ye Ni Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Microbiology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
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Gautam AK, Shrivastava N, Sharma B, Bhagyawant SS. Current Scenario of Legume Lectins and Their Practical Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 21:217-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s12892-018-0002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Lu T, Bao H, Bau T. Genetic diversity and population structure of endemic mushroom Leucocalocybe mongolicain Mongolian Plateau uncovered by EST-SSR markers. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1510743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tie Lu
- Institute of Mycology, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Haiying Bao
- Institute of Mycology, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Tolgor Bau
- Institute of Mycology, Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
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Lu T, Bau T. De novo assembly and characterization of the transcriptome of a wild edible mushroom Leucocalocybe mongolica and identification of SSR markers. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1383187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tie Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Institute of Mycology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Tolgor Bau
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Institute of Mycology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, PR China
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Abstract
Lectins are proteins of a nonimmunoglobulin nature that are capable of specific recognition of and reversible binding to the carbohydrate moieties of complex carbohydrates, without altering the covalent structure of any of the recognized glycosyl ligands. They have a broad range of biological activities important for the functioning of the cell and the whole organism and, owing to the high specificity of reversible binding to carbohydrates, are valuable tools used widely in biology and medicine. Lectins can be produced by many living organisms, including basidiomycetes. Whereas lectins from the fruit bodies of basidiomycetes have been studied sufficiently well, mycelial lectins remain relatively unexplored. Here, we review and comparatively analyze what is currently known about lectins isolated from the vegetative mycelium of macrobasidiomycetes, including their localization, properties, and carbohydrate specificities. Particular attention is given to the physiological role of mycelial lectins in fungal growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina E Nikitina
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina A Loshchinina
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia.
| | - Elena P Vetchinkina
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russia.
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Abstract
Mushrooms are considered an important food for their traditionally famous nutritional and medicinal values, although much information about their potential at the molecular level is unfortunately unknown. Edible mushrooms include fungi that are either collected wild or cultivated. Many important species are difficult to cultivate but attempts have been made with varying degrees of success, with the results showing unsatisfactory economical cultivation methods. Recently, proteomic analysis has been developed as a powerful tool to study the protein content of fungi, particularly basidiomycetes. This mini-review article highlights the contribution of proteomics platforms to the study of edible mushrooms, focusing on the molecular mechanisms involved in developmental stages. This includes extracellular and cytoplasmic effector proteins that have potential or are involved in the synthesis of anticancer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and antibiotic, in blood pressure control, in the supply of vitamins and minerals, and in other responses to environmental changes. The contribution of different proteomics techniques including classical and more advanced techniques is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jameel R Al-Obaidi
- Agro-biotechnology Institute Malaysia (ABI), c/o MARDI Headquarters, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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15
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Hassan MA, Rouf R, Tiralongo E, May TW, Tiralongo J. Mushroom lectins: specificity, structure and bioactivity relevant to human disease. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:7802-38. [PMID: 25856678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16047802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are non-immunoglobulin proteins that bind diverse sugar structures with a high degree of selectivity. Lectins play crucial role in various biological processes such as cellular signaling, scavenging of glycoproteins from the circulatory system, cell-cell interactions in the immune system, differentiation and protein targeting to cellular compartments, as well as in host defence mechanisms, inflammation, and cancer. Among all the sources of lectins, plants have been most extensively studied. However, more recently fungal lectins have attracted considerable attention due to their antitumor, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activities. Given that only 10% of mushroom species are known and have been taxonomically classified, mushrooms represent an enormous unexplored source of potentially useful and novel lectins. In this review we provide an up-to-date summary on the biochemical, molecular and structural properties of mushroom lectins, as well as their versatile applications specifically focusing on mushroom lectin bioactivity.
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Abstract
Mushrooms are famous for their nutritional and medicinal values and also for the diversity of bioactive compounds they contain including lectins. The present review is an attempt to summarize and discuss data available on molecular weights, structures, biological properties, N-terminal sequences and possible applications of lectins from edible mushrooms. It further aims to update and discuss/examine the recent advancements in the study of these lectins regarding their structures, functions, and exploitable properties. A detailed tabling of all the available data for N-terminal sequences of these lectins is also presented here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senjam Sunil Singh
- Laboratory of Protein Biochemistry, Biochemistry Department, Manipur University, Canchipur, Imphal 795003, India.
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yau Sang Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wenliang Pan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Xiuli Dan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Cui Ming Yin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ouafae Akkouh
- Department of Biology and Medical Laboratory Research, Leiden University of Applied Science, Zernikedreef 11, Leiden 2333 CK, The Netherlands.
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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Zhang W, Tian G, Geng X, Zhao Y, Ng TB, Zhao L, Wang H. Isolation and characterization of a novel lectin from the edible mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata. Molecules 2014; 19:19880-91. [PMID: 25460311 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191219880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, only a few steroids have been isolated from the mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata which can be cultivated. In this paper, a novel lectin (SRL) with a molecular weight of 38 kDa, and a unique IKSGVYRIVSWQGALGPEAR N-terminal sequence was isolated from S. rugosoannulata, which represents the first protein isolated from the mushroom. The purification methods included (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose, Q-Sepharose, and SP-Sepharose, and gel- filtration on Superdex-75. The lectin was adsorbed on all three types of ion exchangers and was purified more than 450-fold. The lectin was stable below 70 °C (with half of the activity preserved at 80 °C), and in the presence of NaOH and HCl solutions up to a concentration of 12.5 mM and 25 mM, respectively. The hemagglutinating activity of SRL was inhibited by inulin. Cd2+ and Hg2+ ions strongly reduced the hemagglutinating activity at concentrations from 1.25 mM to 10 mM. SRL exhibited anti-proliferative activity toward both hepatoma Hep G2 cells and leukemia L1210 cells, with an IC50 of 7 μM and 19 μM, respectively. The activity of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase could also be inhibited by SRL, with an IC50 of 10 μM.
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Sun J, Ng TB, Wang H, Zhang G. A novel hemagglutinin with antiproliferative activity against tumor cells from the hallucinogenic mushroom Boletus speciosus. Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014:340467. [PMID: 24977148 DOI: 10.1155/2014/340467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Little was known about bioactive compounds from the hallucinogenic mushroom Boletus speciosus. In the present study, a hemagglutinin (BSH, B. speciosus hemagglutinin) was isolated from its fruiting bodies and enzymatic properties were also tested. The chromatographic procedure utilized comprised anion exchange chromatography on Q-Sepharose, cation exchange chromatography on CM-Cellulose, cation exchange chromatography on SP-Sepharose, and gel filtration by FPLC on Superdex 75. The hemagglutinin was a homodimer which was estimated to be approximately 31 kDa in size. The activity of BSH was stable up to 60°C, while there was a precipitous drop in activity when the temperature was elevated to 70°C. BSH retained 25% hemagglutinating activity when exposed to 100 mM NaOH and 25 mM HCl. The activity was potently inhibited by 1.25 mM Hg2+ and slightly inhibited by Fe2+, Ca2+, and Pb2+. None of the sugars tested showed inhibition towards BSH. Its hemagglutinating activity towards human erythrocytes type A, type B, and type AB was higher than type O. The hemagglutinin showed antiproliferative activity towards hepatoma Hep G2 cells and mouse lymphocytic leukemia cells (L1210) in vitro, with IC50 of 4.7 μM and 7.0 μM, respectively. It also exhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 7.1 μM.
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Martins VP, Morais SB, Pinheiro CS, Assis NRG, Figueiredo BCP, Ricci ND, Alves-Silva J, Caliari MV, Oliveira SC. Sm10.3, a member of the micro-exon gene 4 (MEG-4) family, induces erythrocyte agglutination in vitro and partially protects vaccinated mice against Schistosoma mansoni infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e2750. [PMID: 24651069 PMCID: PMC3961193 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The parasitic flatworm Schistosoma mansoni is a blood fluke that causes schistosomiasis. Current schistosomiasis control strategies are mainly based on chemotherapy, but many researchers believe that the best long-term strategy to control disease is a combination of drug treatment and immunization with an anti-schistosome vaccine. Numerous antigens that are expressed at the interface between the parasite and the mammalian host have been assessed. Among the most promising molecules are the proteins present in the tegument and digestive tract of the parasite. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we evaluated the potential of Sm10.3, a member of the micro-exon gene 4 (MEG-4) family, for use as part of a recombinant vaccine. We confirmed by real-time PCR that Sm10.3 was expressed at all stages of the parasite life cycle. The localization of Sm10.3 on the surface and lumen of the esophageal and intestinal tract in adult worms and lung-stage schistosomula was confirmed by confocal microscopy. We also show preliminary evidence that rSm10.3 induces erythrocyte agglutination in vitro. Immunization of mice with rSm10.3 induced a mixed Th1/Th2-type response, as IFN-γ, TNF-α, and low levels of IL-5 were detected in the supernatant of cultured splenocytes. The protective effect conferred by vaccination with rSm10.3 was demonstrated by 25.5–32% reduction in the worm burden, 32.9–43.6% reduction in the number of eggs per gram of hepatic tissue, a 23.8% reduction in the number of granulomas, an 11.8% reduction in the area of the granulomas and a 39.8% reduction in granuloma fibrosis. Conclusions/Significance Our data suggest that Sm10.3 is a potential candidate for use in developing a multi-antigen vaccine to control schistosomiasis and provide the first evidence for a possible role for Sm10.3 in the blood feeding process. Schistosomiasis mainly occurs in developing countries and is the most important human helminth infection in terms of global mortality. This parasitic disease affects more than 200 million people worldwide and causes more than 250,000 deaths per year. Current schistosomiasis control strategies are mainly based on chemotherapy, but many researchers believe that the best long-term strategy for controlling schistosomiasis is a combination of drug treatment and immunization with an anti-schistosome vaccine. Consequently, significant effort has been dedicated to developing and characterizing an anti-schistosome vaccine. Over the last five years, considerable data have been generated regarding the genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics of Schistosoma mansoni. In the present study, we characterize the Sm10.3 protein and evaluate its potential to protect against S. mansoni infection in a murine model. We demonstrate that Sm10.3 is primarily expressed during the stages of the parasite life cycle that involve infection and disease development in the human host. Sm10.3 is located on the surface of the digestive epithelia of adult female worms, an important host/parasite interface. Moreover, the vaccination of mice with rSm10.3 confers partial protection against S. mansoni. Taken together, our data suggest that Sm10.3 may be a useful component of a multi-antigen vaccine against schistosomiasis.
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MESH Headings
- Agglutination
- Animal Structures/chemistry
- Animals
- Antigens, Helminth/analysis
- Antigens, Helminth/genetics
- Antigens, Helminth/immunology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Erythrocytes/parasitology
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Parasite Load
- Schistosoma mansoni/immunology
- Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology
- Schistosomiasis mansoni/prevention & control
- Vaccination/methods
- Vaccines, Subunit/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente P. Martins
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais (INCT-DT), CNPq MCT, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Geral do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Suellen B. Morais
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais (INCT-DT), CNPq MCT, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carina S. Pinheiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais (INCT-DT), CNPq MCT, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Departamento de Biointeração do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Natan R. G. Assis
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais (INCT-DT), CNPq MCT, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Barbara C. P. Figueiredo
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais (INCT-DT), CNPq MCT, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Natasha D. Ricci
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais (INCT-DT), CNPq MCT, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Juliana Alves-Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo V. Caliari
- Departamento de Patologia Geral do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sergio C. Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Tropicais (INCT-DT), CNPq MCT, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Sekete M, Ma D, Wang B, Wang HX, Gong Z, Ng TB. An acid-tolerant lectin coupled with high Hg2+ potentiated hemagglutination enhancing property purified from Amanita hemibapha var. ochracea. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
There has been a recent upsurge of interest in mushrooms as a source of biological active compounds of medicinal value including anti-cancer, anti-viral, immunopotentiating, hypocholesterolaemic and hepatoprotective agents. This new class of compounds, termed 'mushroom nutriceuticals', are extractable from either the fungal mycelium or fruiting body and represent an important component of the expanding mushroom biotechnology industry.
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Liu Q, Zhu M, Du F, Wang H, Ng TB. Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Mannose- and Fructose-Binding Lectin from the Edible Wild Mushroom Hygrophorus russula (Fr.) Quél. FSTR 2014. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.20.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University
| | - Mengjuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University
| | - Fang Du
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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Abstract
Fungi are members of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that include yeasts and molds, as well as the most familiar member, mushrooms. Fungal lectins with unique specificity and structures have been discovered. In general, fungal lectins are classified into specific families based on their amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the approximately 80 types of mushroom and fungal lectins that have been isolated and studied to date. In particular, we have focused on ten fungal lectins (Agaricus bisporus, Agrocybe cylindracea, Aleuria aurantia, Aspergillus oryzae, Clitocybe nebularis, Marasmius oreades, Psathyrella velutina, Rhizopus stolonifer, Pholiota squarrosa, Polyporus squamosus), many of which are commercially available and their properties, sugar-binding specificities, structural grouping into families, and applications for biological research being described. The sialic acid-specific lectins (Agrocybe cylindracea and Polyporus squamosus) and fucose-specific lectins (Aleuria aurantia, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizopus stolonifer, and Pholiota squarrosa) each showed potential for use in identifying sialic acid glycoconjugates and fucose glycoconjugates. Although not much is currently known about fungal lectins compared to animal and plant lectins, the knowledge accumulated thus far shows great promise for several applications in the fields of taxonomy, biomedicine, and molecular and cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kobayashi
- J-Oil Mills Inc., 11, Kagetoricho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0064, Japan,
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Singh RS, Kaur HP, Kumar P, Kaur H. Purification and characterization of a thermostable mycelial lectin from basidiomycete Lentinus squarrosulus. Biologia (Bratisl) 2013; 68:1034-40. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-013-0273-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Wu X, Huang C, Chen Q, Wang H, Zhang J. A novel laccase with inhibitory activity towards HIV-I reverse transcriptase and antiproliferative effects on tumor cells from the fermentation broth of mushroomPleurotus cornucopiae. Biomed Chromatogr 2013; 28:548-53. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Wu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; 12 Zhongguancun South Street Beijing 100081 China
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology; China Agricultural University; 2 Yuanmingyuan Westroad Beijing 100193 China
| | - Chenyang Huang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; 12 Zhongguancun South Street Beijing 100081 China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; 12 Zhongguancun South Street Beijing 100081 China
| | - Hexiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology; China Agricultural University; 2 Yuanmingyuan Westroad Beijing 100193 China
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences; 12 Zhongguancun South Street Beijing 100081 China
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Rouf R, Stephens AS, Spaan L, Arndt NX, Day CJ, May TW, Tiralongo E, Tiralongo J. G₂/M cell cycle arrest by an N-acetyl-D-glucosamine specific lectin from Psathyrella asperospora. Glycoconj J 2013; 31:61-70. [PMID: 24072585 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-013-9502-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A new N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) specific lectin was identified and purified from the fruiting body of the Australian indigenous mushroom Psathyrella asperospora. The functional lectin, named PAL, showed hemagglutination activity against neuraminidase treated rabbit and human blood types A, B and O, and exhibited high binding specificity towards GlcNAc, as well as mucin and fetuin, but not against asialofetuin. PAL purified to homogeneity by a combination of ammonium sulfate precipitation, chitin affinity chromatography and size exclusion chromatography, was monomeric with a molecular mass of 41.8 kDa, was stable at temperatures up to 55 °C and between pH 6-10, and did not require divalent cations for optimal activity. De novo sequencing of PAL using LC-MS/MS, identified 10 tryptic peptides that revealed substantial sequence similarity to the GlcNAc recognizing lectins from Psathyrella velutina (PVL) and Agrocybe aegerita (AAL-II) in both the carbohydrate binding and calcium binding sites. Significantly, PAL was also found to exert a potent anti-proliferative effect on HT29 cells (IC50 0.48 μM) that was approximately 3-fold greater than that observed on VERO cells; a difference found to be due to the differential expression of cell surface GlcNAc on HT29 and VERO cells. Further characterization of this activity using propidium iodine staining revealed that PAL induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in a manner dependent on its ability to bind GlcNAc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razina Rouf
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith, QLD, 4222, Australia
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Liu Q, Ng T, Wang H. Isolation and characterization of a novel lectin from the wild mushroom Oudemansiella radicata (Relhan.: Fr.) sing. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-012-0699-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Rana T, Bera AK, Bhattacharya D, Das S, Pan D, Das SK. Characterization of arsenic-induced cytotoxicity in liver with stress in erythrocytes and its reversibility with Pleurotus florida lectin. Toxicol Ind Health 2013; 31:108-22. [PMID: 23282998 DOI: 10.1177/0748233712468026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is one of the most hazardous substances in the environment known to cause toxicity in multiple organs. Cell adhesion, morphological alterations, cell proliferation, terminal deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and caspase-3/CPP32 fluorometric protease assay were important biomarkers to assess apoptosis in cells. This study aimed to evaluate arsenic-induced apoptosis in the hepatocytes of rat and its protective efficacy with coadministration of ascorbic acid (AA) and Pleurotus florida lectin (PFL) individually. Results of the present study also showed that arsenic caused cytotoxicity by elevating morphological alterations, TUNEL-positive nuclei, caspase-3 activity and DNA damage and reducing cell adhesion and cell proliferation in a time-dependent manner. The apoptosis in hepatocytes was reverted to normal value after coadministration of mushroom lectin in arsenic-exposed rat. The study provided significant evidence that PFL has antiapoptotic property against arsenic-induced toxicity. The beneficial effect of PFL was proportional to its duration of exposure. Retard activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase, enhanced lipid peroxidation as well as protein carbonyl in erythrocytes caused by arsenic could also be maintained toward normalcy by supplementation of AA and PFL. These antioxidative effects were exhibited in a time-dependant manner. In rat, treatment with AA and PFL prevented alteration of plasma enzyme activities caused by arsenic. The results concluded that treatment with PFL has significant role in protecting animals from arsenic-induced erythrocytic damage. This finding might be of therapeutic benefit in people suffering from chronic exposure to arsenic from natural sources, a global problem especially relevant to millions of people on the Indian subcontinent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Rana
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata-37, West Bengal, India
| | - Asit Kumar Bera
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata-37, West Bengal, India National Research Centre on Yak, Dirang, West Kameng District, Arunachal Pradesh- 790101, India
| | - Debasis Bhattacharya
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata-37, West Bengal, India National Research Centre on Yak, Dirang, West Kameng District, Arunachal Pradesh- 790101, India
| | - Subhashree Das
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata-37, West Bengal, India
| | - Diganta Pan
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata-37, West Bengal, India
| | - Subrata Kumar Das
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata-37, West Bengal, India
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Rana T, Bera AK, Das S, Bhattacharya D, Pan D, Bandyopadhyay S, Mondal DK, Samanta S, Bandyopadhyay S, Das SK. Pleurotus florida lectin normalizes duration dependent hepatic oxidative stress responses caused by arsenic in rat. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:665-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2010.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2010] [Revised: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Rana T, Bera AK, Bhattacharya D, Das S, Pan D, Das SK. Effect of Pleurotus florida lectin (PFL) on arsenic-induced activities of splenocytes in rat. Toxicol Ind Health 2012; 30:336-46. [PMID: 22914258 DOI: 10.1177/0748233712456064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of Pleurotus florida lectin (PFL) against arsenic-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative damages in freshly isolated splenocytes of rodents. Our finding indicated that arsenic caused reduction in cell adhesion, morphological alterations, cell proliferation, nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) index, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, catalase (CAT) activity and relative mRNA expression of SOD2 in relation to housekeeping gene glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and increased production of nitric oxide (NO), protein carbonyl (PC) and lipid peroxidation levels (LPO) assembled to play key factors for cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. PFL normalized cellular damages and enhanced SOD production pathway relating to gene expression. Further studies are needed to address effective phytochemicals of the edible mushroom and their mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Rana
- 1Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, Kolkata, India
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Zhao YC, Zhang GQ, Ng TB, Wang HX. A novel ribonuclease with potent HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity from cultured mushroom Schizophyllum commune. J Microbiol 2011; 49:803-8. [PMID: 22068498 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-011-1098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A 20-kDa ribonuclease (RNase) was purified from fresh fruiting bodies of cultured Schizophyllum commune mushrooms. The RNase was not adsorbed on Affi-gel blue gel but adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose and CM-cellulose. It exhibited maximal RNase activity at pH 6.0 and 70°C. It demonstrated the highest ribonucleolytic activity toward poly (U) (379.5 μ/mg), the second highest activity toward poly (C) (244.7 μ/mg), less activity toward poly (A) (167.4 μ/mg), and much weaker activity toward poly (G) (114.5 μ/mg). The RNase inhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with an IC(50) of 65 μM. No effect on [(3)H-methyl]-thymidine uptake by lymphoma MBL2 cells and leukemia L1210 cells was observed at 100 μM concentration of the RNase. A comparison of RNases from S. commune and Volvariella volvacea revealed that they demonstrated some similarities in N-terminal amino acid sequence, optimum pH and polyhomoribonucleotide specificity. However, some differences in chromatographic behavior and molecular mass were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chang Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology and Germplasmic Resource, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science, Kunming, 650223, P. R. China
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Wu Y, Wang H, Ng TB. Purification and characterization of a lectin with antiproliferative activity toward cancer cells from the dried fruit bodies of Lactarius flavidulus. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:2576-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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He XM, Ji N, Xiang XC, Luo P, Bao JK. Purification, characterization, and molecular cloning of a novel antifungal lectin from the roots of Ophioglossum pedunculosum. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2011; 165:1458-72. [PMID: 21947760 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-011-9367-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A novel mannan-specific lectin was isolated from the roots of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Ophioglossum pedunculosum through ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. With a molecular mass of 19,835.7 Da demonstrated by MALDI-TOF analysis, this novel agglutinin was designated as O. pedunculosum agglutinin (OPA), specifically agglutinating human O erythrocytes and rabbit erythrocytes. The hemagglutination could be strongly inhibited by mannan and thyroglobulin, the activity of which was stable in pH range of 4.0-8.0 and at temperatures below 50 °C. Chemical modification studies indicated that tryptophan and arginine residues were essential for its hemagglutinating activity. Meanwhile, it showed antifungal activities toward Sclerotium rolfsii and Fusarium graminearum. In addition, to amplify cDNA of OPA by 3'/5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), the N-terminal 30 amino acids sequence of OPA was determined, and degenerate primers were designed. The obtained full-length cDNA of OPA contained 885 bp with an open-reading frame of 600 bp encoding a precursor protein of 199 amino acids, while the mature protein had 170 amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Mei He
- School of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Abstract
N-Acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc)-specific lectins are of great interest because they have been reported to detect tumor-associated antigens of malignant cells. We isolated a novel lectin from Carica papaya seeds, named C. papaya lectin (CPL). Purification of the lectin involved ammonium sulfate fractionation and DEAE anion exchange and repeated gel filtration chromatography. Inhibition of CPL causing hemagglutination on human erythrocytes showed that the lectin shows specificity to GalNAc and lactose. Surface plasmon resonance further revealed that the lectin possesses high specificity toward GalNAc with a dissociation constant of 5.5 × 10(-9) M. The lectin is composed of 38- and 40-kDa subunits with a molecular mass of ∼804 kDa estimated by size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. Incubation of CPL with Jurkat T cells showed significant induction of IL-2 cytokine, which suggests that CPL has potent immunomodulatory effects on immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Hsu Wang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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35
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Hu DD, Zhang RY, Zhang GQ, Wang HX, Ng TB. A laccase with antiproliferative activity against tumor cells from an edible mushroom, white common Agrocybe cylindracea. Phytomedicine 2011; 18:374-379. [PMID: 20739163 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A laccase, with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity (IC(50)=12.7 μM) and antiproliferative activity against HepG2 cells (IC(50)=5.6 μM) and MCF7 cells (IC(50)=6.5 μM), was purified from fresh fruiting bodies of the edible white common Agrocybe cylindracea mushroom. The laccase, which had a novel N-terminal sequence, displayed a molecular mass of 58 kDa within the range reported for most other mushroom laccases. The purification protocol entailed ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, SP-Sepharose, and Q-Sepharose and gel filtration on Superdex 75. The laccase was adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose and Q-Sepharose, but unadsorbed on SP-Sepharose. Its optimum pH was pH 3-4 and its optimum temperature was 50°C. The activity of the isolated laccase differed from one substrate to another. The ranking was ABTS>N,N-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenediamine>hydroquinone>catechol>2-methylcatechol>pyrogallol.
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Affiliation(s)
- D D Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Zhao JK, Zhao YC, Li SH, Wang HX, Ng TB. Isolation and characterization of a novel thermostable lectin from the wild edible mushroom Agaricus arvensis. J Basic Microbiol 2011; 51:304-11. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201000267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
Lectins are proteins found in a diversity of organisms. They possess the ability to agglutinate erythrocytes with known carbohydrate specificity since they have at least one non-catalytic domain that binds reversibly to specific monosaccharides or oligosaccharides. This articles aims to review the production and practical applications of lectins. Lectins are isolated from their natural sources by chromatographic procedures or produced by recombinant DNA technology. The yields of animal lectins are usually low compared with the yields of plant lectins such as legume lectins. Lectins manifest a diversity of activities including antitumor, immunomodulatory, antifungal, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory, and anti-insect activities, which may find practical applications. A small number of lectins demonstrate antibacterial and anti-nematode activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Kwan Lam
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
Lectins are nonimmune proteins or glycoproteins that bind specifically to cell surface carbohydrates, culminating in cell agglutination. These are known to play key roles in host defense system and also in metastasis. Many new sources have been explored for the occurrence of lectins during the last few years. Numerous novel lectins with unique specificities and exploitable properties have been discovered. Mushrooms have attracted a number of researchers in food and pharmaceuticals. Many species have long been used in traditional Chinese medicines or functional foods in Japan and other Asian countries. A number of bioactive constituents have been isolated from mushrooms including polysaccharides, polysaccharopeptides, polysaccharide-protein complexes, proteases, ribonucleases, ribosome inactivating proteins, antifungal proteins, immunomodulatory proteins, enzymes, lectins, etc. Mushroom lectins are endowed with mitogenic, antiproliferative, antitumor, antiviral, and immune stimulating potential. In this review, an attempt has been made to collate the information on mushroom lectins, their blood group and sugar specificities, with an emphasis on their biomedical potential and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sarup Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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Zhang G, Sun J, Wang H, Ng TB. First isolation and characterization of a novel lectin with potent antitumor activity from a Russula mushroom. Phytomedicine 2010; 17:775-781. [PMID: 20378319 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
To date only a ribonuclease and a protein with anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity have been isolated from mushrooms of the genus Russula. In this study a novel lectin, with a molecular weight of 32 kDa, and a unique N-terminal sequence different from other lectins, was isolated from the mushroom Russula lepida. It represents the first lectin isolated from Russula mushrooms. The purification scheme involved (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on diethylaminoethyl DEAE-cellulose and SP-Sepharose, and fast protein liquid chromatography-gel filtration on Superdex 75. The hemagglutinating activity of the lectin (RLL) was inhibited by inulin and O-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galacto-pyranoside. The lectin was stable at temperatures up to 70 degrees C (half of the activity was preserved at 80 degrees C), and in the presence of NaOH or HCl solutions up to a concentration of 12.5 mM. Its hemagglutinating activity was reduced in the presence of Mn2+, Co2+, and Hg2+ ions, and enhanced by Cu2+ ions. It exhibited antiproliferative activity toward hepatoma Hep G2 cells and human breast cancer MCF-7 cells with an IC(50) of 1.6 microM and 0.9 microM, respectively. Daily intraperitoneal injections of RLL (5.0 mg/kg body weight/day for 20 days) brought about 67.6% reduction in the weight of S-180 tumor. RLL was devoid of antifungal, ribonuclease, and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Li Y, Zhang G, Ng TB, Wang H. A novel lectin with antiproliferative and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities from dried fruiting bodies of the monkey head mushroom Hericium erinaceum. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:716515. [PMID: 20625408 DOI: 10.1155/2010/716515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 04/14/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A lectin designated as Hericium erinaceum agglutinin (HEA) was isolated from dried fruiting bodies of the mushroom Hericium erinaceum with a chromatographic procedure which entailed DEAE-cellulose, CM-cellulose, Q-Sepharose, and FPLC Superdex 75. Its molecular mass was estimated to be 51 kDa and its N-terminal amino acid sequences was distinctly different from those of other isolated mushroom lectins. The hemagglutinating activity of HEA was inhibited at the minimum concentration of 12.5 mM by inulin. The lectin was stable at pH 1.9–12.1 and at temperatures up to 70°C, but was inhibited by Hg2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ ions. The lectin exhibited potent mitogenic activity toward mouse splenocytes, and demonstrated antiproliferative activity toward hepatoma (HepG2) and breast cancer (MCF7) cells with an IC50 of 56.1 μM and 76.5 μM, respectively. It manifested HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 31.7 μM. The lectin exhibited potent mitogenic activity toward murine splenocytes but was devoid of antifungal activity.
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Rana T, Asit Kumar Bera, Das S, Bhattacharya D, Pan D, Bandyopadhyay S, De S, Subrata Kumar Das. Mushroom lectin protects arsenic induced apoptosis in hepatocytes of rodents. Hum Exp Toxicol 2010; 30:307-17. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327110372642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Acute and chronic arsenic exposure result in toxicity both in human and animal beings and cause many hepatic and renal manifestations. The present study stated that mushroom lectin prevents arsenic-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis was measured by morphological alterations, cell proliferation index (CPI), phagocytic activity (nitro blue tetrazolium index; NBT), nitric oxide (NO) production, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity. Arsenic exposure at 5 μM in the form of sodium arsenite resulted in significant elevation of deformed cells, NO production, TUNEL stained nuclei of hepatocytes, DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity. But the CPI and NBT index were significantly declined in arsenic-treated hepatocytes. The beneficial effect of mushroom lectin at 10 μg/mL, 20 μg/mL and 50 μg/mL) showed increased CPI and phagocytic activity. Mushroom lectin at those concentrations reduced deformed cells, NO production, DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activity of hepatocytes. But significant better protection was observed in 50 μg/mL mushroom lectin-treated hepatocytes. This finding may be of therapeutic benefit in people suffering from chronic arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Rana
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, India
| | - Asit Kumar Bera
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, India,
| | - Subhashree Das
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, India
| | - Debasis Bhattacharya
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, India
| | - Diganta Pan
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, India
| | - Subhasish Bandyopadhyay
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, India
| | - Sumanta De
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, India
| | - Subrata Kumar Das
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Eastern Regional Station, 37, Belgachia Road, Kolkata, India
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Abstract
Abstract A monomeric hemolysin with a molecular mass of 29 kDa was isolated from fresh fruiting bodies of the split gill mushroom Schizophyllum commune. The hemolysin was purified by successive adsorption on DEAE-cellulose, carboxymethyl-cellulose and Q-Sepharose and finally gel filtration on Superdex 75. This demonstrated the N-terminal sequence ATNYNKCPGA, different from those of previously reported fungal and bacterial hemolysins. The hemolysin was stable up to 40 degrees C. Only partial activity remained at 50 and 60 degrees C. Activity was indiscernible at 70 degrees C. A pH of 6.0 was optimal for activity. The hemolytic activity was most potently inhibited by dithiothreitol, sucrose and raffinose, followed by cellobiose, maltose, rhamnose, inulin, lactose, fructose and inositol. The metal ions Cu(2+), Mg(2+), Zn(2+), Al(3+) and Fe(3+) significantly, and Pb(2+) to a lesser extent, curtailed the activity of the hemolysin. The hemolysin inhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with an IC(50) of 1.8 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Han
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Stasyk T, Lutsik-Kordovsky M, Wernstedt C, Antonyuk V, Klyuchivska O, Souchelnytskyi S, Hellman U, Stoika R. A new highly toxic protein isolated from the death cap Amanita phalloides is an L-amino acid oxidase. FEBS J 2010; 277:1260-9. [PMID: 20121947 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07557.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A new highly cytotoxic protein, toxophallin, was recently isolated from the fruit body of the death cap Amanita phalloides mushroom [Stasyk et al. (2008) Studia Biologica 2, 21-32]. The physico-chemical, chemical and biological characteristics of toxophallin differ distinctly from those of another death cap toxic protein, namely phallolysin. The interaction of toxophallin with target cells is not mediated by a specific cell surface receptor. It induces chromatin condensation, as well as DNA and nucleus fragmentation, which are typical for apoptosis. However, caspase III inhibitor [benzyloxycarbonyl-Asp(OMe)-fluoromethylketone] did not stop toxophallin-induced DNA fragmentation. Thus, toxophallin uses a caspase-independent pathway of apoptosis induction. In the present study, we applied a complementary approach based on a combination of proteomics and molecular biology tools for the protein identification of toxophallin. The primary structure of toxophallin was partially studied via direct sequencing of its tryptic peptides, followed by PCR-based cloning of the corresponding cDNA. A subsequent bioinformatic search revealed a structural homology of toxophallin with the l-amino acid oxidase of the Laccaria bicolor mushroom. This demonstrates the usefulness of our approach for the identification of proteins in organisms with unknown genomes. We also found a broad substrate specificity of toxophallin with respect to oxidizing selected amino acids. Ascorbic acid inhibited the cytotoxic effect of toxophallin, most likely as a result of scavenging hydrogen peroxide, which is the product of oxidase catalysis. Thus, in addition to highly toxic cyclopeptides and toxic lectin phallolysin, the death cap fruit body contains another cytotoxic protein in the form of an enzyme, namely l-amino acid oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taras Stasyk
- Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
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Wong JH, Wan CT, Ng TB. Characterisation of a haemagglutinin from Hokkaido red bean (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Hokkaido red bean). J Sci Food Agric 2010; 90:70-77. [PMID: 20355014 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.3782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A haemagglutinin was purified from Japanese Hokkaido red beans (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Hokkaido red bean) with a procedure that included three chromatographic media. RESULTS Haemagglutinating activity was adsorbed on DEAE cellulose, Affi-gel blue gel and Mono S. The pure haemagglutinin was a homodimer and each subunit was around 30 kDa in molecular mass. The haemagglutinating activity of this agglutinin could not be inhibited by a variety of simple sugars at 200 mmol L(-1) concentration including alpha-L-fucose, D(+)-galactose, D(+)-glucose, D(+)-glucosamine, D(-)galactosamine, galacturonic acid, (+)-lactose, D(+)-melibose, L(-)-mannose, D(+)-mannose, D-mannosamine, D(+)-raffinose, L-rhamnose, (+)-xylose and galacturonic acid. The haemagglutinating activity was fully retained at pH 4-11 and at 0-80 degrees C, but was completely lost at extreme pH values (0-2 and 13-14) and at very high temperatures (90 degrees C and 100 degrees C). The haemagglutinin exhibited a weak mitogenic activity toward mouse splenocytes, a stronger anti-proliferative activity than Con A toward HepG2 (human hepatoma) cells and inhibited >80% of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activity at 3.3 micromol L(-1). It was devoid of anti-fungal activity. CONCLUSION Hokkaido red bean haemagglutinin possesses a potent anti-proliferative effect on HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack H Wong
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Zhao S, Zhao Y, Li S, Zhao J, Zhang G, Wang H, Ng TB. A novel lectin with highly potent antiproliferative and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitory activities from the edible wild mushroom Russula delica. Glycoconj J 2010; 27:259-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-009-9274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wu X, Zheng S, Cui L, Wang H, Ng TB. Isolation and characterization of a novel ribonuclease from the pink oyster mushroom Pleurotus djamor. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2010; 56:231-9. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.56.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Peng H, Lv H, Wang Y, Liu YH, Li CY, Meng L, Chen F, Bao JK. Clematis montana lectin, a novel mannose-binding lectin from traditional Chinese medicine with antiviral and apoptosis-inducing activities. Peptides 2009; 30:1805-15. [PMID: 19577602 PMCID: PMC7115534 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2009.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel mannose-binding lectin (designated CML) was isolated from Clematis montana Buch.-Ham stem (Ranunculaceae) using ion exchange and gel filtration chromatographies on DEAE-Sepharose and Sephacryl S-100. The purified C. montana lectin was a homodimer of 11,968.9 Da subunits as determined by gel filtration and MS. The hemagglutinating activity of CML was inhibited by branched oligomannosides. The N-terminal 15-amino acid sequence of CML, DNVKYSGQVKNTGSA, has not been reported for other lectins. Also, the peptide mass fingerprinting assay confirmed that there is no match result of similar plant lectins for CML, indicating CML may be a novel plant lectin. CML showed marked antiviral activity against various viruses in cell culture. Subsequently, CML was also found to exhibit remarkable inhibitory effect on L929, HeLa, MCF7 and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, CML specially induced L929 cell apoptosis in dose-dependent manner as evidenced by MTT, fluorescent microscopy, LDH activity-based cytotoxicity assays and DNA ladder. Moreover, due to both caspase inhibitors and Western blot analyses, caspase was also found to play the important role in the potential apoptotic mechanism of CML. When the carbohydrate-binding site was fully inhibited by sugars, cytotoxicity was abruptly decreased and apoptotic phenomenon in L929 cells was not observed, suggesting a significant correlation between mannose-binding-specific activity and the antineoplastic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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Zhao S, Guo YX, Liu QH, Wang HX, Ng TB. Lectins but not antifungal proteins exhibit anti-nematode activity. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2009; 28:265-268. [PMID: 21784014 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2009.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Accepted: 05/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A variety of lectins and antifungal proteins were tested for toxicity against the plant parasitic nematodes Ditylenchus dipsaci and Heterodera glycines. It was found that lectins from the mushrooms Xylaria hypoxylon, Agrocybe cylindracea and Tricholoma mongolicum (TML-1) were the most potent against D. dipsaci, with EC(50) being 4.7, 9, and 20mg/ml, respectively. Lectins from Pseudostellaria heterophylla, samta tomato, and the mushrooms T. mongolicum (TML-2), Ganoderma lucidum, and Boletus edulis, and antifungal proteins from Ginkgo biloba toward D. dipsaci and pumpkin Cucurbita moschata had much lower anti-nematode potencies and could be considered as inactive for practical purposes. All lectins except that from P.heterophylle were potent against H.glycines.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Pachón-Peña G, Reyes-Zurita FJ, Deffieux G, Azqueta A, de Cerain AL, Centelles JJ, Creppy EE, Cascante M. Antiproliferative effect of flavomannin-6,6'-dimethylether from Tricholoma equestre on Caco-2 cells. Toxicology 2009; 264:192-7. [PMID: 19686795 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Revised: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 08/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have been performed reporting antitumoral activity of different mushroom extracts. The current study reports the antiproliferative activity of flavomannin-6,6'-dimethylether obtained from a very common edible mushroom: Tricholoma equestre(L.)P.Kumm, and the characterization of its effects at molecular level. Concentrations causing 50% and 80% growth inhibition on human adenocarcinoma colorectal Caco-2 cells were determined (in microg/mL: IC(50)=96+/-3 after 24 h and 78+/-7 after 48 h, IC(80)=112+/-4 after 24 h and 90+/-3 after 48 h) by using MTT method. It was demonstrated that flavomannin-6,6'-dimethylether induced an arrest in G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle by flow cytometry analysis and an increase of p27 protein level by Western blot. Furthermore, this compound did not induce apoptosis by flow cytometry or DNA fragmentation by gel electrophoresis. Thus, it could be a promising agent due to its cytostatic effect against Caco-2 tumoral cells, and the absence of a genotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Pachón-Peña
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB) and Unit Associated with CSIC, Diagonal 645, Barcelona, Spain.
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