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Rodrigues DB, Reis RL, Pirraco RP. Modelling the complex nature of the tumor microenvironment: 3D tumor spheroids as an evolving tool. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:13. [PMID: 38254117 PMCID: PMC10804490 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-00997-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains a serious burden in society and while the pace in the development of novel and more effective therapeutics is increasing, testing platforms that faithfully mimic the tumor microenvironment are lacking. With a clear shift from animal models to more complex in vitro 3D systems, spheroids emerge as strong options in this regard. Years of development have allowed spheroid-based models to better reproduce the biomechanical cues that are observed in the tumor-associated extracellular matrix (ECM) and cellular interactions that occur in both a cell-cell and cell-ECM manner. Here, we summarize some of the key cellular interactions that drive tumor development, progression and invasion, and how successfully are these interactions recapitulated in 3D spheroid models currently in use in the field. We finish by speculating on future advancements in the field and on how these can shape the relevance of spherical 3D models for tumor modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Rodrigues
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence On Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence On Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Rogério P Pirraco
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs, Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence On Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal.
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2
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Zhao J, Huang A, Zeller J, Peter K, McFadyen JD. Decoding the role of platelets in tumour metastasis: enigmatic accomplices and intricate targets for anticancer treatments. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1256129. [PMID: 38106409 PMCID: PMC10722285 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1256129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The canonical role of platelets as central players in cardiovascular disease by way of their fundamental role in mediating thrombosis and haemostasis is well appreciated. However, there is now a large body of experimental evidence demonstrating that platelets are also pivotal in various physiological and pathophysiological processes other than maintaining haemostasis. Foremost amongst these is the emerging data highlighting the key role of platelets in driving cancer growth, metastasis and modulating the tumour microenvironment. As such, there is significant interest in targeting platelets therapeutically for the treatment of cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide an overview of how platelets contribute to the cancer landscape and why platelets present as valuable targets for the development of novel cancer diagnosis tools and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Zhao
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VI, Australia
| | - Angela Huang
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VI, Australia
| | - Johannes Zeller
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Medical Faculty of the University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VI, Australia
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VI, Australia
| | - James D. McFadyen
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VI, Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VI, Australia
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3
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Choi AS, Moon TJ, Abuhashim W, Bhalotia A, Qian H, Paulsen KE, Lorkowski M, Ndamira C, Gopalakrishnan R, Krishnamurthy A, Schiemann WP, Karathanasis E. Can targeted nanoparticles distinguish cancer metastasis from inflammation? J Control Release 2023; 362:812-819. [PMID: 37011838 PMCID: PMC10548349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Targeting ligands have been widely used to increase the intratumoral accumulation of nanoparticles and their uptake by cancer cells. However, these ligands aim at targets that are often also upregulated in inflamed tissues. Here, we assessed the ability of targeted nanoparticles to distinguish metastatic cancer from sites of inflammation. Using common targeting ligands and a 60-nm liposome as a representative nanoparticle, we generated three targeted nanoparticle (NP) variants that targeted either fibronectin, folate, or αvβ3 integrin, whose deposition was compared against that of standard untargeted NP. Using fluorescently labeled NPs and ex vivo fluorescence imaging of organs, we assessed the deposition of the NPs into the lungs of mice modeling 4 different biological landscapes, including healthy lungs, aggressive metastasis in lungs, dormant/latent metastasis in lungs, and lungs with general pulmonary inflammation. Among the four NP variants, fibronectin-targeting NP and untargeted NP exhibited the highest deposition in lungs harboring aggressive metastases. However, the deposition of all targeted NP variants in lungs with metastasis was similar to the deposition in lungs with inflammation. Only the untargeted NP was able to exhibit higher deposition in metastasis than inflammation. Moreover, flow-cytometry analysis showed all NP variants accumulated predominantly in immune cells rather than cancer cells. For example, the number of NP+ macrophages and dendritic cells was 16-fold greater than NP+ cancer cells in the case of fibronectin-targeting NP. Overall, targeted NPs were unable to distinguish cancer metastasis from general inflammation, which may have clinical implications to the nanoparticle-mediated delivery of cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Taylor J Moon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Walid Abuhashim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Anubhuti Bhalotia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Huikang Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Kai E Paulsen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Morgan Lorkowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Crystal Ndamira
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Ramamurthy Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Animesha Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - William P Schiemann
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America
| | - Efstathios Karathanasis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States of America.
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4
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Fan Q, Li Z, Yin J, Xie M, Cui M, Fan C, Wang L, Chao J. Inhalable pH-responsive DNA tetrahedron nanoplatform for boosting anti-tumor immune responses against metastatic lung cancer. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122283. [PMID: 37639977 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite advancements in the treatment of pulmonary cancer, the existence of mucosal barriers in lung still hampered the penetration and diffusion of therapeutic agents and greatly limited the therapeutic benefits. In this work, we reported a novel inhalable pH-responsive tetrahedral DNA nanomachines with simultaneous delivery of immunomodulatory CpG oligonucleotide and PD-L1-targeting antagonistic DNA aptamer (CP@TDN) for efficient treatment of pulmonary metastatic cancer. By precisely controlling the ratios of CpG and PD-L1 aptamer, the obtained CP@TDN could specifically release PD-L1 aptamer to block PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint axis in acidic tumor microenvironment, followed by endocytosis by antigen-presenting cells to generate anti-tumor immune activation and secretion of anti-tumor cytokines. Moreover, inhalation delivery of CP@TDN showed highly-efficient lung deposition with greatly enhanced intratumoral accumulation, ascribing to the DNA tetrahedron-mediated penetration of pulmonary mucosa. Resultantly, CP@TDN could significantly inhibit the growth of metastatic orthotopic lung tumors via the induction of robust antitumor responses. Therefore, our work presents an attractive approach by virtue of biocompatible DNA tetrahedron as the inhalation delivery system for effective treatment of metastatic lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jue Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Mo Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Meirong Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lianhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Jie Chao
- State Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210000, China; Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Research Center of Jiangsu Province, School of Geographic and Biologic Information, Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, Nanjing 210000, China.
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Russo V, Falco L, Tessitore V, Mauriello A, Catapano D, Napolitano N, Tariq M, Caturano A, Ciccarelli G, D’Andrea A, Giordano A. Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Effects of Anticoagulant Therapy in Patients with Malignancy. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1888. [PMID: 37763292 PMCID: PMC10532829 DOI: 10.3390/life13091888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimizing the anticoagulation therapy is of pivotal importance in patients with a malignant tumor, as venous thromboembolism (VTE) has become the second-leading cause of death in this population. Cancer can highly increase the risk of thrombosis and bleeding. Consequently, the management of cancer-associated VTE is complex. In recent years, translational research has intensified, and several studies have highlighted the role of inflammatory cytokines in cancer growth and progression. Simultaneously, the pleiotropic effects of anticoagulants currently recommended for VTE have emerged. In this review, we describe the anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of both direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and low-molecular-weight heparins (LWMHs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Russo
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”—Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, NA, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Luigi Falco
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”—Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Viviana Tessitore
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”—Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Alfredo Mauriello
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”—Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Dario Catapano
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”—Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Nicola Napolitano
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”—Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Moiz Tariq
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”—Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Alfredo Caturano
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, NA, Italy (A.D.)
| | - Giovanni Ciccarelli
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medical Translational Science, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”—Monaldi Hospital, 80126 Naples, NA, Italy
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Antonello D’Andrea
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Piazza Luigi Miraglia 2, 80138 Naples, NA, Italy (A.D.)
- Cardiology Unit, Umberto I Hospital, 84014 Nocera Inferiore, SA, Italy
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Liu KT, Quiñones ED, Liu MH, Lin CW, Chen YT, Chiang CC, Wu KCW, Fan YJ, Chuang EY, Yu J. A Biomimicking and Multiarm Self-Indicating Nanoassembly for Site-Specific Photothermal-Potentiated Thrombolysis Assessed in Microfluidic and In Vivo Models. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300682. [PMID: 37289540 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thrombolytic and antithrombotic therapies are limited by short circulation time and the risk of off-target hemorrhage. Integrating a thrombus-homing strategy with photothermal therapy are proposed to address these limitations. Using glycol chitosan, polypyrrole, iron oxide and heparin, biomimicking GCPIH nanoparticles are developed for targeted thrombus delivery and thrombolysis. The nanoassembly achieves precise delivery of polypyrrole, exhibiting biocompatibility, selective accumulation at multiple thrombus sites, and enhanced thrombolysis through photothermal activation. To simulate targeted thrombolysis, a microfluidic model predicting thrombolysis dynamics in realistic pathological scenarios is designed. Human blood assessments validate the precise homing of GCPIH nanoparticles to activated thrombus microenvironments. Efficient near-infrared phototherapeutic effects are demonstrated at thrombus lesions under physiological flow conditions ex vivo. The combined investigations provide compelling evidence supporting the potential of GCPIH nanoparticles for effective thrombus therapy. The microfluidic model also offers a platform for advanced thrombolytic nanomedicine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Ting Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Edgar Daniel Quiñones
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsin Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Ting Chen
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kevin Chia-Wen Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering & Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institute, Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli City, 350, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jui Fan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Center for Precision Health and Quantitative Sciences, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Taipei Medical University-Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
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7
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Jin H, Li M, Tian F, Yu F, Zhao W. An Overview of Antitumour Activity of Polysaccharides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27228083. [PMID: 36432183 PMCID: PMC9692906 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27228083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer incidence and mortality are rapidly increasing worldwide; therefore, effective therapies are required in the current scenario of increasing cancer cases. Polysaccharides are a family of natural polymers that hold unique physicochemical and biological properties, and they have become the focus of current antitumour drug research owing to their significant antitumour effects. In addition to the direct antitumour activity of some natural polysaccharides, their structures offer versatility in synthesizing multifunctional nanocomposites, which could be chemically modified to achieve high stability and bioavailability for delivering therapeutics into tumor tissues. This review aims to highlight recent advances in natural polysaccharides and polysaccharide-based nanomedicines for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhen Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Maohua Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Feng Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Fan Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300350, China
- Correspondence: (F.Y.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
- Correspondence: (F.Y.); (W.Z.)
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8
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Covarrubias G, Moon TJ, Loutrianakis G, Sims HM, Umapathy MP, Lorkowski ME, Bielecki PA, Wiese ML, Atukorale PU, Karathanasis E. Comparison of the uptake of untargeted and targeted immunostimulatory nanoparticles by immune cells in the microenvironment of metastatic breast cancer. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:224-235. [PMID: 34846443 PMCID: PMC8732314 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02256c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
To alter the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), we developed an immunostimulatory nanoparticle (NP) to reprogram a tumor's dysfunctional and inhibitory antigen-presenting cells (APCs) into properly activated APCs that stimulate tumor-reactive cytotoxic T cells. Importantly, systemic delivery allowed NPs to efficiently utilize the entire microvasculature and gain access into the majority of the perivascular TME, which coincided with the APC-rich tumor areas leading to uptake of the NPs predominantly by APCs. In this work, a 60 nm NP was loaded with a STING agonist, which triggered robust production of interferon β, resulting in activation of APCs. In addition to untargeted NPs, we employed 'mainstream' ligands targeting fibronectin, αvβ3 integrin and P-selectin that are commonly used to direct nanoparticles to tumors. Using the 4T1 mouse model, we assessed the microdistribution of the four NP variants in the tumor immune microenvironment in three different breast cancer landscapes, including primary tumor, early metastasis, and late metastasis. The different NP variants resulted in variable uptake by immune cell subsets depending on the organ and tumor stage. Among the NP variants, therapeutic studies indicated that the untargeted NPs and the integrin-targeting NPs exhibited a remarkable short- and long-term immune response and long-lasting antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Covarrubias
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Taylor J Moon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Georgia Loutrianakis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Haley M Sims
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Mayura P Umapathy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Morgan E Lorkowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Peter A Bielecki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Michelle L Wiese
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
| | - Prabhani U Atukorale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Efstathios Karathanasis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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9
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Guan Q, Dou H. Thrombus-Targeting Polymeric Nanocarriers and Their Biomedical Applications in Thrombolytic Therapy. Front Physiol 2021; 12:763085. [PMID: 34916956 PMCID: PMC8669757 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.763085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the high morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases, there is an urgent need for research on antithrombotic strategies. In view of the short half-life, insufficient drug penetration, poor targeting capabilities, and hemorrhagic side-effects of traditional thrombus treatment methods, the combination of thrombolytic therapy and nanocarriers brought by the development of nanotechnology in recent years may provide effective solutions for these undesirable side-effects caused by insufficient targeting. Polymeric nanocarriers, based on macromolecules and various functional groups, can connect specific targeting molecules together through chemical modification to achieve the protection and targeted delivery of thrombolytic drugs. However, simple chemical molecular modifications may be easily affected by the physiological environment encountered in the circulatory system. Therefore, the modification of nanocarriers with cell membranes can provide camouflage to these platforms and help to extend their circulation time while also imparting them with the biological functions of cell membranes, thus providing them with precise targeting capabilities, among which the most important is the biological modification of platelet membranes. In addition, some nanoparticles with their own therapeutic functions have also been developed, such as polypyrrole, which can exhibit a photothermal effect to induce thrombolysis. Herein, combined with the mechanism of thrombosis and thrombolysis, we outline the recent advances achieved with thrombus-targeting nanocarriers with regard to thrombosis treatment. On this basis, the design considerations, advantages, and challenges of these thrombolytic therapies in clinical transformation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongjing Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Hwang HH, Jeong HJ, Yun S, Byun Y, Okano T, Kim SW, Lee DY. Anticancer Effect of Heparin-Taurocholate Conjugate on Orthotopically Induced Exocrine and Endocrine Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5775. [PMID: 34830928 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic cancer has a less than 9% 5-year survival rate among patients because it is very difficult to detect and diagnose early. Combinatorial chemotherapy with surgery or radiotherapy is a potential remedy to treat pancreatic cancer. However, these strategies still have side effects such as hair loss, skin soreness and fatigue. To overcome these side effects, angiogenesis inhibitors such as sunitinib are used to deliver targeted blood vessels around tumor tissues, including pancreatic cancer tumors. It is still controversial whether antiangiogenesis therapy is sufficient to treat pancreatic cancer. So far, many scientists have not been focused on the tumor types of pancreatic cancer when they have developed antipancreatic cancer medication. Here, we used heparin–taurocholate (LHT) as an anticancer drug to treat pancreatic cancer through inhibition of angiogenic growth factors. In this study, we examined the anticancer efficacy of LHT on various types of pancreatic cancer in an orthotopic model. Abstract Pancreatic cancers are classified based on where they occur, and are grouped into those derived from exocrine and those derived from neuroendocrine tumors, thereby experiencing different anticancer effects under medication. Therefore, it is necessary to develop anticancer drugs that can inhibit both types. To this end, we developed a heparin–taurocholate conjugate, i.e., LHT, to suppress tumor growth via its antiangiogenic activity. Here, we conducted a study to determine the anticancer efficacy of LHT on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET), in an orthotopic animal model. LHT reduced not only proliferation of cancer cells, but also attenuated the production of VEGF through ERK dephosphorylation. LHT effectively reduced the migration, invasion and tube formation of endothelial cells via dephosphorylation of VEGFR, ERK1/2, and FAK protein. Especially, these effects of LHT were much stronger on PNET (RINm cells) than PDAC (PANC1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells). Eventually, LHT reduced ~50% of the tumor weights and tumor volumes of all three cancer cells in the orthotopic model, via antiproliferation of cancer cells and antiangiogenesis of endothelial cells. Interestingly, LHT had a more dominant effect in the PNET-induced tumor model than in PDAC in vivo. Collectively, these findings demonstrated that LHT could be a potential antipancreatic cancer medication, regardless of pancreatic cancer types.
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Haschemi R, Kobelt D, Steinwarz E, Schlesinger M, Stein U, Bendas G. Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-2 (IGFBP2) Is a Key Molecule in the MACC1-Mediated Platelet Communication and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12195. [PMID: 34830078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor cell crosstalk with platelets and, subsequently, their activation are key steps in hematogenous tumor metastasis. MACC1 is an oncogene involved in molecular pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and other solid tumor entities, mediating motility and metastasis, making MACC1 an accepted prognostic biomarker. However, the impact of MACC1 on platelet activation has not yet been addressed. Here, we investigated the activation of platelets by human CRC cells upon MACC1 modulation, indicated by platelet aggregation and granule release. These approaches led to the identification of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP2) as a functional downstream molecule of MACC1, affecting communication with platelets. This was confirmed by an shRNA-mediated IGFBP2 knockdown, while maintaining MACC1 activity. Although IGFBP2 displayed an attenuated platelet activation potential, obviously by scavenging IGF-I as a platelet costimulatory mediator, the MACC1/IGFBP2 axis did not affect the thrombin formation potential of the cells. Furthermore, the IGFBP2/MACC1-driven cell migration and invasiveness was further accelerated by platelets. The key role of IGFBP2 for the metastatic spread in vivo was confirmed in a xenograft mouse model. Data provide evidence for IGFBP2 as a downstream functional component of MACC1-driven metastasis, linking these two accepted oncogenic biomarkers for the first time in a platelet context.
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Qian Y, Zhang J, Xu R, Li Q, Shen Q, Zhu G. Nanoparticles based on polymers modified with pH-sensitive molecular switch and low molecular weight heparin carrying Celastrol and ferrocene for breast cancer treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:2215-2226. [PMID: 34097964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.05.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) metastasis is still one of the obstacles in clinical treatment, while highly-effective cancer drugs usually cannot be used for their hydrophobicity and comprehensive system toxicity. This study built a kind of pH-sensitive nanoparticles (PP/H NPs) constructed by poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) modified with β-cyclodextrin (PLGA-β-CD), polyethyleneimine grafted with benzimidazole (PEI-BM) and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) to delivery Celastrol (Cela) and ferrocene (Fc) for breast cancer therapy. PLGA-β-CD and PEI-BM were synthesized by amidation reaction, the amphipathic polymer nanoparticles with 108.37 ± 1.02 nm were self-assembled in water. After PP/H NPs treatment, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) decreased by 91% compared with Cela, and ROS level was also elevated. PP/H NPs led to substantial tumor inhibiting rate (TIR, 65.86%), utilized LMWH to strengthen the anti-metastasis effect of PP/H NPs. PP/H NPs took advantage of exogenous chemotherapeutics and endogenous ROS to inhibit tumor growth, and combined with LMWH to hinder breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qi Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guofu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Dymicka-Piekarska V, Koper-Lenkiewicz OM, Zińczuk J, Kratz E, Kamińska J. Inflammatory cell-associated tumors. Not only macrophages (TAMs), fibroblasts (TAFs) and neutrophils (TANs) can infiltrate the tumor microenvironment. The unique role of tumor associated platelets (TAPs). Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:1497-1510. [PMID: 33146401 PMCID: PMC8139882 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02758-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that various inflammatory cells infiltrate cancer cells. Next to TAMs (tumor-associated macrophages), TAFs (tumor-associated fibroblasts) and TANs (tumor-associated neutrophils) also platelets form the tumor microenvironment. Taking into account the role of platelets in the development of cancer, we have decided to introduce a new term: tumor associated platelets-TAPs. To the best of our knowledge, thus far this terminology has not been employed by anyone. Platelets are the first to appear at the site of the inflammatory process that accompanies cancer development. Within the first few hours from the start of the colonization of cancer cells platelet-tumor aggregates are responsible for neutrophils recruitment, and further release a number of factors associated with tumor growth, metastasis and neoangiogenesis. On the other hand, it also has been indicated that factors delivered from platelets can induce a cytotoxic effect on the proliferating neoplastic cells, and even enhance apoptosis. Undoubtedly, TAPs' role seems to be more complex when compared to tumor associated neutrophils and macrophages, which do not allow for their division into TAP P1 and TAP P2, as in the case of TANs and TAMs. In this review we discuss the role of TAPs as an important element of tumor invasiveness and as a potentially new therapeutic target to prevent cancer development. Nevertheless, better exploring the interactions between platelets and tumor cells could help in the formulation of new therapeutic goals that support or improve the effectiveness of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violetta Dymicka-Piekarska
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Olga M. Koper-Lenkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Justyna Zińczuk
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Kratz
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 211A, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Kamińska
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Abstract
Heparin, including unfractionated heparin (UFH), low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and heparin derivatives, are commonly used in venous thromboembolism treatment and reportedly have beneficial effects on cancer survival. Heparin can affect the proliferation, adhesion, angiogenesis, migration and invasion of cancer cells via multiple mechanisms. The main mechanisms involve inhibition of heparanase, P-/L-selectin, angiogenesis, and interference with the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis. Here we summarize the current experimental evidence regarding the anti-cancer role of heparin and its derivatives, and conclude that there is evidence to support heparin’s role in inhibiting cancer progression, making it a promising anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Nan Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University , Suqian, P.R.China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Mao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University , Xuzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yang Wu
- Core Facility, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Xing Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Ping-An Chang
- Urinary Surgery, Dongtai People's Hospital , Dongtai, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hai Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing, P.R. China
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Xu M, Hu K, Liu Y, Huang Y, Liu S, Chen Y, Wang D, Zhou S, Zhang Q, Mei N, Lu H, Li F, Gao X, Chen J. Systemic metastasis-targeted nanotherapeutic reinforces tumor surgical resection and chemotherapy. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3187. [PMID: 34045459 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23466-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Failure of conventional clinical therapies such as tumor resection and chemotherapy are mainly due to the ineffective control of tumor metastasis. Metastasis consists of three steps: (i) tumor cells extravasate from the primary sites into the circulation system via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), (ii) the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) form “micro-thrombi” with platelets to evade the immune surveillance in circulation, and (iii) the CTCs colonize in the pre-metastatic niche. Here, we design a systemic metastasis-targeted nanotherapeutic (H@CaPP) composed of an anti-inflammatory agent, piceatannol, and an anti-thrombotic agent, low molecular weight heparin, to hinder the multiple steps of tumor metastasis. H@CaPP is found efficiently impeded EMT, inhibited the formation of “micro-thrombi”, and prevented the development of pre-metastatic niche. When combined with surgical resection or chemotherapy, H@CaPP efficiently inhibits tumor metastasis and prolonged overall survival of tumor-bearing mice. Collectively, we provide a simple and effective systemic metastasis-targeted nanotherapeutic for combating tumor metastasis. Failure of conventional clinical therapies such as tumor resection and chemotherapy are mainly due to the ineffective control of tumor metastasis. Here, the authors show that a systemic metastasis-targeted nanotherapeutic may offer a powerful adjunct therapy for suppressing tumor metastasis.
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Pautu V, Lepeltier E, Mellinger A, Riou J, Debuigne A, Jérôme C, Clere N, Passirani C. pH-Responsive Lipid Nanocapsules: A Promising Strategy for Improved Resistant Melanoma Cell Internalization. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2028. [PMID: 33922267 PMCID: PMC8122844 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in melanoma therapy, low response rates and multidrug resistance (MDR) have been described, reducing the anticancer efficacy of the administered molecules. Among the causes to explain these resistances, the decreased intratumoral pH is known to potentiate MDR and to reduce the sensitivity to anticancer molecules. Nanomedicines have been widely exploited as the carriers of MDR reversing molecules. Lipid nanocapsules (LNC) are nanoparticles that have already demonstrated their ability to improve cancer treatment. Here, LNC were modified with novel copolymers that combine N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) to impart stealth properties and vinyl imidazole (Vim), providing pH-responsive ability to address classical chemoresistance by improving tumor cell entry. These copolymers could be post-inserted at the LNC surface, leading to the property of going from neutral charge under physiological pH to positive charge under acidic conditions. LNC modified with polymer P5 (C18H37-P(NVP21-co-Vim15)) showed in vitro pH-responsive properties characterized by an enhanced cellular uptake under acidic conditions. Moreover, P5 surface modification led to an increased biological effect by protecting the nanocarrier from opsonization by complement activation. These data suggest that pH-sensitive LNC responds to what is expected from a promising nanocarrier to target metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Pautu
- Micro & Nanomedecines Translationnelles (MINT), University of Angers, Inserm, The National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; (V.P.); (E.L.); (A.M.); (J.R.); (N.C.)
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Complex and Entangled Systems from Atoms to Materials Research Unit (CESAM-RU), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (A.D.); (C.J.)
| | - Elise Lepeltier
- Micro & Nanomedecines Translationnelles (MINT), University of Angers, Inserm, The National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; (V.P.); (E.L.); (A.M.); (J.R.); (N.C.)
| | - Adélie Mellinger
- Micro & Nanomedecines Translationnelles (MINT), University of Angers, Inserm, The National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; (V.P.); (E.L.); (A.M.); (J.R.); (N.C.)
| | - Jérémie Riou
- Micro & Nanomedecines Translationnelles (MINT), University of Angers, Inserm, The National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; (V.P.); (E.L.); (A.M.); (J.R.); (N.C.)
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Complex and Entangled Systems from Atoms to Materials Research Unit (CESAM-RU), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (A.D.); (C.J.)
| | - Christine Jérôme
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Complex and Entangled Systems from Atoms to Materials Research Unit (CESAM-RU), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (A.D.); (C.J.)
| | - Nicolas Clere
- Micro & Nanomedecines Translationnelles (MINT), University of Angers, Inserm, The National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; (V.P.); (E.L.); (A.M.); (J.R.); (N.C.)
| | - Catherine Passirani
- Micro & Nanomedecines Translationnelles (MINT), University of Angers, Inserm, The National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), SFR ICAT, F-49000 Angers, France; (V.P.); (E.L.); (A.M.); (J.R.); (N.C.)
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Lu TY, Chiang CY, Fan YJ, Jheng PR, Quiñones ED, Liu KT, Kuo SH, Hsieh HY, Tseng CL, Yu J, Chuang EY. Dual-Targeting Glycol Chitosan/Heparin-Decorated Polypyrrole Nanoparticle for Augmented Photothermal Thrombolytic Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:10287-10300. [PMID: 33615773 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR)-light-modulated photothermal thrombolysis has been investigated to overcome the hemorrhage danger posed by clinical clot-busting substances. A long-standing issue in thrombosis fibrinolytics is the lack of lesion-specific therapy, which should not be ignored. Herein, a novel thrombolysis therapy using photothermal disintegration of a fibrin clot was explored through dual-targeting glycol chitosan/heparin-decorated polypyrrole nanoparticles (GCS-PPY-H NPs) to enhance thrombus delivery and thrombolytic therapeutic efficacy. GCS-PPY-H NPs can target acidic/P-selectin high-expression inflammatory endothelial cells/thrombus sites for initiating lesion-site-specific thrombolysis by hyperthermia using NIR irradiation. A significant fibrin clot-clearance rate was achieved with thrombolysis using dual-targeting/modality photothermal clot disintegration in vivo. The molecular level mechanisms of the developed nanoformulations and interface properties were determined using multiple surface specific analytical techniques, such as particle size distribution, zeta potential, electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), wavelength absorbance, photothermal, immunofluorescence, and histology. Owing to the augmented thrombus delivery of GCS-PPY-H NPs and swift treatment time, dual-targeting photothermal clot disintegration as a systematic treatment using GCS-PPY-H NPs can be effectively applied in thrombolysis. This novel approach possesses a promising future for thrombolytic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yu Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yu Chiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jui Fan
- School of Biomedical Engineering; and International Ph. D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ru Jheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering; and International Ph. D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Edgar Daniel Quiñones
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ting Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shuo-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Han Yun Hsieh
- School of Biomedical Engineering; and International Ph. D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Li Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering; and International Ph. D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jiashing Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering; and International Ph. D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Gockel LM, Heyes M, Li H, Al Nahain A, Gorzelanny C, Schlesinger M, Holdenrieder S, Li JP, Ferro V, Bendas G. Inhibition of Tumor-Host Cell Interactions Using Synthetic Heparin Mimetics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:7080-7093. [PMID: 33533245 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is the guideline-based drug for antithrombotic treatment of cancer patients, while its direct antitumor effects are a matter of ongoing debate. Although therapeutically established for decades, LMWH has several drawbacks mainly associated with its origin from animal sources. Aiming to overcome these limitations, a library of synthetic heparin mimetic polymers consisting of homo- and copolymers of sulfonated and carboxylated noncarbohydrate monomers has recently been synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. These heparin mimetics were investigated for their capacities to interfere with simulated steps of tumor cell metastasis. Among them, homo- and copolymers from sodium 4-styrenesulfonate (poly(SSS)) with acrylic acid (poly(SSS-co-AA)) with an MW between 5 and 50 kDa efficiently attenuated cancer cell-induced coagulation and thus platelet activation and degranulation similar to or even better than LMWH. Furthermore, independent of anticoagulant activities, these polymers affected other metastasis-relevant targets with impressive affinities. Hence, they blocked heparanase enzymatic activity outmatching commercial heparins or a glycosidic drug candidate. Furthermore, these polymers bind P-selectin and the integrin VLA-4 similar to or even better than heparin, indicated by a biosensor approach and thus efficiently blocked melanoma cell binding to endothelium under blood flow conditions. This is the first report on the prospects of synthetic heparin mimetics as promising nontoxic compounds in oncology to potentially substitute heparin as an anticoagulant and to better understand its role as an antimetastatic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas M Gockel
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical and Cell Biological Chemistry, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Heyes
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical and Cell Biological Chemistry, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Honglian Li
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, SciLifeLab Uppsala, The Biomedical Center, University of Uppsala, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Abdullah Al Nahain
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Christian Gorzelanny
- Experimental Dermatology, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Schlesinger
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical and Cell Biological Chemistry, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Holdenrieder
- The German Heart Centre of Technical University Munich, Laboratory Medicine, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Jin-Ping Li
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, SciLifeLab Uppsala, The Biomedical Center, University of Uppsala, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vito Ferro
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Gerd Bendas
- Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical and Cell Biological Chemistry, University of Bonn, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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Talar-Wojnarowska R, Woźniak M, Borkowska A, Cypryk K, Olakowski M, Małecka-Panas E. Procoagulant Disorders in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:E677. [PMID: 33316933 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56120677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Cancer coagulopathy is thought to be partially due to the up-regulation of tissue factor (TF), thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of TF, TAT and sP-selectin in patients with pancreatic cancer. Materials and methods: The study included 93 subjects: 73 newly diagnosed patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (42 with stage I-III and 31 with metastatic cancer (stage IV)) and a control group of 20 healthy subjects. Analyzed patients were hospitalized in the Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University of Lodz or in the Department of Digestive Tract Surgery, Silesian University, Katowice, Poland. All laboratory parameters were measured using ELISA procedures. Results: TF plasma levels were detectable in all patients and were significantly higher in metastatic cancer compared to stage I-III patients and the control group (p < 0.05). In patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the median levels of TAT were also elevated compared to the control group. Moreover, patients with metastases had significantly higher TAT concentration compared to the I-III cancer group. On the other hand, only the metastatic patients group showed significantly higher plasma sP-selectin levels compared to the controls (p = 0.009), whereas there was no difference between localized and metastatic cancer patients. Conclusions: The coagulation disorders are present in the majority of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma already at the diagnosis stage and reflect cancer progression and spread.
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Guo R, Long Y, Lu Z, Deng M, He P, Li M, He Q. Enhanced stability and efficacy of GEM-TOS prodrug by co-assembly with antimetastatic shell LMWH-TOS. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:1977-1988. [PMID: 33163348 PMCID: PMC7606181 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy agents have been widely used for cancer treatment, while the insolubility, instability and toxicity seriously restrict their efficacy. Thus, prodrug strategy was devised. Since some prodrugs are still with poor solubility or stability, a synergy strategy is needed to enhance their efficacy. Gemcitabine (GEM) is a prescribed anticancer drug, however, the rapid clearance, growing resistance and serious side effects limit its clinical efficacy. Conjugating GEM with d-α-tocopherol succinate (TOS) is an effective solution, while the GEM-TOS (GT) is unstable in aqueous solution. d-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) has been used to enhance the stability, but GT stabilized by TPGS (GTT) has limited effect on tumor metastases. Tumor metastases lead to high mortality in patients suffering from cancers. In order to further achieve antimetastatic effect, an amphiphilic polymer (LT) was synthesized by connecting low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) with TOS, and eventually obtained desired self-delivery micellar NPs (GLT) by co-assembly GT with LT. The GLT not only possessed excellent stability, but also inhibited the metastases by acting on different phases of the metastatic cascade. The hydrophobic TOS inhibited the secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), the hydrophilic LMWH inhibited the interaction between tumor cells and platelets. As a result, GLT reduced tumor cells entering the blood and implanting at the distant organs, leading to a much more excellent inhibitory effect on the lung metastasis than GEM and GTT.
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Abstract
During the process of hematogenous metastasis, tumor cells interact with platelets and their precursors megakaryocytes, providing a selection driver for the metastatic phenotype. Cancer cells have evolved a plethora of mechanisms to engage platelet activation and aggregation. Platelet coating of tumor cells in the blood stream promotes the successful completion of multiple steps of the metastatic cascade. Along the same lines, clinical evidence suggests that anti-coagulant therapy might be associated with reduced risk of metastatic disease and better prognosis in cancer patients. Here, we review experimental and clinical literature concerning the contribution of platelets and megakaryocytes to cancer metastasis and provide insights into the clinical relevance of anti-coagulant therapy in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Lucotti
- Children's Cancer and Blood Foundation Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ruth J Muschel
- Cancer Research UK and MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Rossi GR, Gonçalves JP, McCulloch T, Delconte RB, Hennessy RJ, Huntington ND, Trindade ES, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F. The Antitumor Effect of Heparin is not Mediated by Direct NK Cell Activation. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E2666. [PMID: 32824699 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9082666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes responsible for the elimination of infected or transformed cells. The activation or inhibition of NK cells is determined by the balance of target cell ligand recognition by stimulatory and inhibitory receptors on their surface. Previous reports have suggested that the glycosaminoglycan heparin is a ligand for the natural cytotoxicity receptors NKp30, NKp44 (human), and NKp46 (both human and mouse). However, the effects of heparin on NK cell homeostasis and function remain unclear. Here, we show that heparin does not enhance NK cell proliferation or killing through NK cell activation. Alternatively, in mice models, heparin promoted NK cell survival in vitro and controlled B16-F10 melanoma metastasis development in vivo. In human NK cells, heparin promisingly increased interferon (IFN)-γ production in synergy with IL-12, although the mechanism remains elusive. Our data showed that heparin is not able to increase NK cell cytotoxicity.
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Zhou CL, Su HL, Dai HW. Thrombopoietin is associated with a prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 66:590-595. [PMID: 32638965 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.66.5.590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Thrombopoietin (THPO) is well-known as a megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF) involved in megakaryocyte proliferation and maturation. To explore the biological effects of THPO in gastric adenocarcinoma, we conducted this study. Methods: By accessing the TCGA database, the expression level of THPO was determined in tumor tissues. The association between THPO expression and clinical features, or prognostic significance was described by Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier. The SiRNA method was used to decline the THPO expression; then cell viability, invasion, and migration were detected to verify the effects of the knockdown of THPO. qPCR and western blotting were implemented to examine the expression level of THPO. Results: The expression of THPO was increased in tumor tissue and cells, its high-regulation was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Cell viability, invasion, and migration were suppressed in AGS with the down-regulation of THPO. Furthermore, on the basis of si-THPO transfection, E-cadherin was promoted while N-cadherin and Vimentin were attenuated. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that THPO may be a potent marker of gastric adenocarcinoma, providing a novel potential screening method for gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hai-Long Su
- Department of General Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Hong-Wei Dai
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Suizhou Central Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Suizhou, Hubei, China
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25
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Yamaguchi T, Fushida S, Kinoshita J, Okazaki M, Ishikawa S, Ohbatake Y, Terai S, Okamoto K, Nakanuma S, Makino I, Nakamura K, Miyashita T, Tajima H, Takamura H, Ninomiya I, Ohta T. Extravasated platelet aggregation contributes to tumor progression via the accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:1879-1887. [PMID: 32724431 PMCID: PMC7377031 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extravasated platelet aggregation (EPA) serves an important role in the cancer microenvironment during cancer progression, and has been demonstrated to interact with tumor cells in several types of cancer. EPA induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via transforming growth factor-β, and also recruits immunosuppressive cells, including regulatory T (Treg) cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). However, the role of EPA in gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis remains unknown. The present study analyzed the association between EPA and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis. The present study evaluated 62 patients diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis between 2001 and 2016. EPA, EMT, Treg cells and MDSCs in peritoneal metastatic lesions were detected by immunohistochemical evaluation of CD42b, SNAIL, FOXP3 and CD33, respectively. CD42b expression was observed in 56.5% (35/62) of peritoneal metastatic lesions. CD42b expression in peritoneal metastatic lesions was associated with poor overall survival compared with lower frequencies (hazard ratio, 2.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–3.69; P=0.018). SNAIL, FOXP3 and CD33 expression were not associated with overall survival, but CD33 expression was markedly higher in CD42b-positive patients (P=0.022). These results indicated that EPA affects immunosuppression by recruiting MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment via the secretion of soluble factors, resulting in tumor progression. EPA may be a novel therapeutic target for gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Sachio Fushida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Jun Kinoshita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Okazaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Satoko Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Ohbatake
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Shiro Terai
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Shinichi Nakanuma
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Isamu Makino
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Keishi Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Miyashita
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Tajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takamura
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Itasu Ninomiya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ohta
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan
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26
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Liebsch AG, Schillers H. Quantification of heparin's antimetastatic effect by single-cell force spectroscopy. J Mol Recognit 2020; 34:e2854. [PMID: 32452079 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In circulation, cancer cells induce platelet activation, leading to the formation of a cancer cell-encircling platelet cloak which facilitates each step of the metastatic cascade. Since cancer patients treated with the anticoagulant heparin showed reduced metastasis rates and improved survival, it is supposed that heparin suppresses the cloak's formation by inhibiting the interaction between platelet's adhesion molecule P-selectin with its ligands on cancer cells. To quantify this heparin effect, we developed a single-cell force spectroscopy approach and quantified the adhesion (maximum adhesion force [FA ] and detachment work [WD ]) between platelets and human non-small cell lung cancer cells (A549). A configuration was used in which A549 cells were glued to tipless cantilevers and force-distance (F-D) curves were recorded on a layer of activated platelets. The concentration-response relationship was determined for heparin at concentrations between 1 and 100 U/mL. Sigmoid dose-response fit revealed half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) values of 8.01 U/mL (FA ) and 6.46 U/mL (WD ) and a maximum decrease of the adhesion by 37.5% (FA ) and 38.42% (WD ). The effect of heparin on P-selectin was tested using anti-P-selectin antibodies alone and in combination with heparin. Adding heparin after antibody treatment resulted in an additional reduction of 9.52% (FA ) and 7.12% (WD ). Together, we quantified heparin's antimetastatic effect and proved that it predominantly is related to the blockage of P-selectin. Our approach represents a valuable method to investigate the adhesion of platelets to cancer cells and the efficiency of substances to block this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron G Liebsch
- Institute of Physiology II, University Münster, Münster, Germany
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27
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Bendas G, Borsig L. Heparanase in Cancer Metastasis – Heparin as a Potential Inhibitor of Cell Adhesion Molecules. In: Vlodavsky I, Sanderson RD, Ilan N, editors. Heparanase. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2020. pp. 309-29. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34521-1_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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28
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Long Y, Lu Z, Xu S, Li M, Wang X, Zhang Z, He Q. Self-Delivery Micellar Nanoparticles Prevent Premetastatic Niche Formation by Interfering with the Early Recruitment and Vascular Destruction of Granulocytic Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells. Nano Lett 2020; 20:2219-2229. [PMID: 31823615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Distal metastases of tumors result from the interaction between "seeds" (circulating tumor cells, CTCs) and "soil" (premetastatic niche, PMN). Various strategies focus on CTC inhibition, but only a few strategies inhibit PMN formation. The main predisposition of PMN formation in melanoma lies in the pulmonary recruitment of granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs, CD11b+Ly6G+ cells) induced by tumors, which increase vascular permeability by secreting matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and result in immunosuppression by secreting interleukin-10 (IL-10) in premetastatic lungs. Here, a micellar hypotoxic low molecular weight heparin-tocopherol succinate nanoparticle (LMWH-TOS nanoparticle, LT NP) was established and investigated for its influence on PMN formation in this study. We first demonstrated that the hydrophilic segment LMWH in LT NPs can inhibit early pulmonary recruitment of G-MDSCs through interrupting their extravasation by inhibiting P-selectin/PSGL-1-mediated adhesion between vascular endothelial cells and G-MDSCs. In addition, the hydrophobic segment (TOS) in LT NPs significantly inhibited the expression of MMP-9 in G-MDSCs. As a result, the drug-free nanoparticles could maintain the normal microenvironment of lungs, thus effectively inhibiting implantation and colonization of CTCs. Further, phenylboronic acid (PBA)-modified and doxorubicin/immunopotentiator α-galactosylceramide (αGC)-coloaded nanoparticles (PLT/DOX/αGC NPs) were exploited. PBA modification achieved targeted chemotherapy by binding to overexpressed sialic acid residues on the tumor cell surface. This nanosystem effectively inhibited the postoperative metastasis and tumor recurrence simultaneously. Our work provides a proof of concept that the prevention of PMN formation through interfering G-MDSCs with self-delivery nanosystems is a safe and effective antimetastasis strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Long
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhengze Lu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shanshan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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29
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Abreu WS, Soares PAG, Motta JM, Kozlowski EO, Teixeira FCOB, Soares MA, Borsig L, Mourão PAS, Pavão MSG. Tunicate Heparan Sulfate Enriched in 2-Sulfated β-Glucuronic Acid: Structure, Anticoagulant Activity, and Inhibitory Effect on the Binding of Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells to Immobilized P-Selectin. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E351. [PMID: 31212795 DOI: 10.3390/md17060351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparin or highly sulfated heparan sulfate (HS) has been described in different invertebrates. In ascidians (Chordata-Tunicata), these glycosaminoglycans occur in intracellular granules of oocyte accessory cells and circulating basophil-like cells, resembling mammalian mast cells and basophils, respectively. HS is also a component of the basement membrane of different ascidian organs. We have analyzed an HS isolated from the internal organs of the ascidian Phallusia nigra, using solution 1H/13C NMR spectroscopy, which allowed us to identify and quantify the monosaccharides found in this glycosaminoglycan. A variety of α-glucosamine units with distinct degrees of sulfation and N-acetylation were revealed. The hexuronic acid units occur both as α-iduronic acid and β-glucuronic acid, with variable sulfation at the 2-position. A peculiar structural aspect of the tunicate HS is the high content of 2-sulfated β-glucuronic acid, which accounts for one-third of the total hexuronic acid units. Another distinct aspect of this HS is the occurrence of high content of N-acetylated α-glucosamine units bearing a sulfate group at position 6. The unique ascidian HS is a potent inhibitor of the binding of human colon adenocarcinoma cells to immobilized P-selectin, being 11-fold more potent than mammalian heparin, but almost ineffective as an anticoagulant. Thus, the components of the HS structure required to inhibit coagulation and binding of tumor cells to P-selectin are distinct. Our results also suggest that the regulation of the pathway involved in the biosynthesis of glycosaminoglycans suffered variations during the evolution of chordates.
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30
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Martin EW, Malgor R, Resto VA, Goetz DJ, Burdick MM. Dynamic biochemical tissue analysis detects functional selectin ligands on human cancer tissues. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8511. [PMID: 31186472 PMCID: PMC6560120 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-44838-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion mediated by selectins (expressed by activated endothelium, activated platelets, and leukocytes) binding to their resepective selectin ligands (expressed by cancer cells) may be involved in metastasis. Therefore, methods of characterizing selectin ligands expressed on human tissue may serve as valuable assays. Presented herein is an innovative method for detecting functional selectin ligands expressed on human tissue that uses a dynamic approach, which allows for control over the force applied to the bonds between the probe and target molecules. This new method of tissue interrogation, known as dynamic biochemical tissue analysis (DBTA), involves the perfusion of molecular probe-coated microspheres over tissues. DBTA using selectin-coated probes is able to detect functional selectin ligands expressed on tissue from multiple cancer types at both primary and metastatic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W Martin
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Athens, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Athens, USA
| | - Ramiro Malgor
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Athens, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, USA
| | - Vicente A Resto
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Texas-Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Douglas J Goetz
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Athens, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Athens, USA
| | - Monica M Burdick
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Athens, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Athens, USA.
- Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
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31
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Andrgie AT, Mekuria SL, Addisu KD, Hailemeskel BZ, Hsu WH, Tsai HC, Lai JY. Non-Anticoagulant Heparin Prodrug Loaded Biodegradable and Injectable Thermoresponsive Hydrogels for Enhanced Anti-Metastasis Therapy. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800409. [PMID: 30821920 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is a pathogenic spread of cancer cells from the primary site to surrounding tissues and distant organs, making it one of the primary challenges for effective cancer treatment and the major cause of cancer mortality. Heparin-based biomaterials exhibit significant inhibition of cancer cell metastasis. In this study, a non-anticoagulate heparin prodrug is developed for metastasis treatment with a localized treatment system using temperature sensitive, injectable, and biodegradable (poly-(ε-caprolactone-co-lactide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(ε-caprolactone-co-lactide) polymeric hydrogel. The drug molecule (heparin) is conjugated with the polymer via esterification, and its sustained release is ensured by hydrolysis and polymeric biodegradation. An aqueous solution of the polymer could be used as an injectable solution at below 25 °C and it achieves gel formation at 37 °C. The anti-metastasis effect of the hydrogels is investigated both in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that local administration of injectable heparin-loaded hydrogels effectively promote an inhibitory effect on cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abegaz Tizazu Andrgie
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shewaye Lakew Mekuria
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kefyalew Dagnew Addisu
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Balkew Zewge Hailemeskel
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wei-Hsin Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsieh-Chih Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Juin-Yih Lai
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Advanced Membrane Materials Research Center, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, R.O.C.,R&D Center for Membrane Technology and Department of Chemical Engineering, Chung Yuan University, Chung-Li, 320, Taiwan
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32
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Ma H, Qiu P, Xin M, Xu X, Wang Z, Xu H, Yu R, Xu X, Zhao C, Wang X, Guan H, Yang J, Li C. Structure-activity relationship of propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate derivatives for blockade of selectins binding to tumor cells. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 210:225-33. [PMID: 30732758 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Selectins dominate the formation of the metastasis niche and are considered important targets for exploring antimetastatic drugs. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the marine drug propylene glycol alginate sodium sulfate (PSS) and a series of PSS derivatives on P-, L- or E-selectin-mediated binding with tumor cells. We found that PSS effectively prevented the binding of P- or L-selectin with tumor cells. Moreover, the structure-activity relationship study indicated that the activity of PSS is related to the sulfate group at the C-2/C-3 position, the propylene glycol substituent at the C-6 position, the ratio of guluronic acid to mannuronic acid, and the molecular weight. Additionally, PSS derivatives significantly suppressed lung metastasis in vivo. Our results demonstrated that PSS and its derivatives are potential antimetastatic drugs candidates.
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33
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Gockel LM, Ponert JM, Schwarz S, Schlesinger M, Bendas G. The Low Molecular Weight Heparin Tinzaparin Attenuates Platelet Activation in Terms of Metastatic Niche Formation by Coagulation-Dependent and Independent Pathways. Molecules 2018; 23:E2753. [PMID: 30356007 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
An intimate interplay with platelets is an initial key issue for tumor cells in terms of hematogenous metastasis. Tumor cells activate platelets by different pathways and receive, upon forming a platelet cloak, protection from immune surveillance and support in metastatic niche creation. Therapeutic intervention with this early interaction is promising to antagonize the whole metastatic cascade. Here we aimed to investigate the capability of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), unfractionated heparin (UFH), and a non-anticoagulant heparin derivative or FXa inhibitor fondaparinux to interfere with platelet activation by tumor cells. Coagulation-dependent and independent pathways of platelet activation by three tumor cell lines, and interference therewith were analyzed by fluorigenic thrombin formation assay, platelet aggregometry, ATP and VEGF release and endothelial tube formation assay. LMWH and UFH were found to repress various routes of platelet activation, reflected by attenuated endothelial tube formation. This confirms the duality of anti-coagulative and anti-adhesive properties of heparin. While non-anticoagulative heparin (RO-heparin) depressed platelets’ ATP and VEGF release by contact inhibition sufficiently, fondaparinux just attenuated tissue factor mediated thrombin generation. Concluding, these data suggest that LMWH as a guideline-based drug for anticoagulative strategies in oncology is promising to provide additional benefit for interference with metastatic activities.
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Lu Y, Lian S, Ye Y, Yu T, Liang H, Cheng Y, Xie J, Zhu Y, Xie X, Yu S, Gao Y, Jia L. S-Nitrosocaptopril prevents cancer metastasis in vivo by creating the hostile bloodstream microenvironment against circulating tumor cells. Pharmacol Res 2018; 139:535-549. [PMID: 30366102 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A perfect microenvironment facilitates the activated circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to spark the adhesion-invasion-extravasation metastatic cascade in their premetastatic niche. Platelet-CTC interaction contributes to the progression of tumor malignancy by protecting CTCs from shear stress and immunological assault, aiding CTCs entrapment in the capillary bed, enabling CTCs to successfully exit the bloodstream and enter the tissue, inducing epithelial-mesenchymal-like transition (EMT), and assisting in the establishment of metastatic foci. To prevent the cascade from sparking, we show that, the multifunctional S-nitrosocaptopril (CapNO) acts on both CTCs and platelets to interrupt platelet/CTCs interplay and adhesion to endothelium, thus inhibiting CTC-based pulmonary metastasis in vivo. The activated platelets cloak cancer HT29 cells, resulting in HT29-exhibiting platelet biomarkers CD61 and P-selectin positive. CapNO inhibits both sialyl Lewisx (Slex) expression on HT29 and ADP-induced activation of platelets through P-selectin- and GPIIb/IIIa-dependent mechanisms, confirmed by the corresponding antibody assay. CapNO inhibits platelet- or interleukin (IL)-1β-mediated adhesion between HT29 and endothelial cells, and micrometastatic formation in the lungs of immunocompetent syngeneic mouse models. CapNO have also shown the effects of vasodilation, anticoagulation, inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) expression on cancer cells, and inhibition of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) expression on vascular endothelium. Due to a series of the beneficial effects of CapNO, CTCs remain exposed to the hostile bloodstream environment and are vulnerable to death induced by shear stress and immune elimination. This new discovery provides a basis for CapNO used for cancer metastatic chemoprevention, and might suggest regulation of the CTCs bloodstream microenvironment as a new avenue for cancer metastatic prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Lu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China; Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Shu Lian
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Yuying Ye
- Fujian Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350004, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Yunlong Cheng
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yewei Zhu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Suhong Yu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Biopharmaceutical Photocatalysis of State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China; Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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35
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Ponert JM, Gockel LM, Henze S, Schlesinger M. Unfractionated and Low Molecular Weight Heparin Reduce Platelet Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Pancreatic and Prostate Cancer Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102690. [PMID: 30347648 PMCID: PMC6222876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction with platelets is of crucial importance for tumor cells passing through hematogenous metastasis. Platelets protect cancer cells from immune surveillance and exhibit many other prometastatic effects. Notably, platelets can change the epithelial tumor phenotype, a process termed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which confers stem cell-like properties onto tumor cells associated with an increased motility and drug resistance. The aim of the study is to investigate the impact of heparin on the platelet induced EMT program in pancreatic and prostate tumor cells. Platelet activation and interaction with cancer cells were determined by static adhesion assays. Applying ELISAs, the platelet release of EMT inducing mediators was quantified. EMT marker protein expression by tumor cells was explored by western blot and qPCR. Our data show that different tumor cell entities have different platelet binding capacities and also that a weak interaction is sufficient to change tumor cell phenotype. Additionally, unfractionated heparin (UFH) as well as low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) reduced tumor cell platelet interaction. Subsequently, attenuated platelet-derived mediator release resulted in reduced EMT marker protein and transcription factor expression by the cancer cells and decreased cell migration. These data suggest that heparin reduces platelet induced EMT program and prevents the formation of cancer cells with stem cell-like properties. This additional mechanism argues for the use of heparin in oncological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Moritz Ponert
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Lukas Maria Gockel
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Svenja Henze
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
| | - Martin Schlesinger
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, 53121 Bonn, Germany.
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36
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Covarrubias G, Cha A, Rahmy A, Lorkowski M, Perera V, Erokwu BO, Flask C, Peiris PM, Schiemann WP, Karathanasis E. Imaging breast cancer using a dual-ligand nanochain particle. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204296. [PMID: 30335750 PMCID: PMC6193613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles often only exploit the upregulation of a receptor on cancer cells to enhance intratumoral deposition of therapeutic and imaging agents. However, a single targeting moiety assumes that a tumor is homogenous and static. Tumoral microenvironments are both heterogenous and dynamic, often displaying variable spatial and temporal expression of targetable receptors throughout disease progression. Here, we evaluated the in vivo performance of an iron oxide nanoparticle in terms of targeting and imaging of orthotropic mouse models of aggressive breast tumors. The nanoparticle, a multi-component nanochain, was comprised of 3–5 iron oxide nanoparticles chemically linked in a linear chain. The nanoparticle’s surface was decorated with two types of ligands each targeting two different upregulated biomarkers on the tumor endothelium, P-selectin and fibronectin. The nanochain exhibited improved tumor deposition not only through vascular targeting but also through its elongated structure. A single-ligand nanochain exhibited a ~2.5-fold higher intratumoral deposition than a spherical nanoparticle variant. Furthermore, the dual-ligand nanochain exhibited higher consistency in generating detectable MR signals compared to a single-ligand nanochain. Using a 7T MRI, the dual-ligand nanochains exhibited highly detectable MR signal within 3h after injection in two different animal models of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Covarrubias
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Anthony Cha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Abdelrahman Rahmy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Morgan Lorkowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Vindya Perera
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Bernadette O. Erokwu
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Chris Flask
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Pubudu M. Peiris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - William P. Schiemann
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Efstathios Karathanasis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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37
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Abstract
The interaction of tumor cells with platelets is a prerequisite for successful hematogenous metastatic dissemination. Upon tumor cell arrival in the blood, tumor cells immediately activate platelets to form a permissive microenvironment. Platelets protect tumor cells from shear forces and assault of NK cells, recruit myeloid cells by secretion of chemokines, and mediate an arrest of the tumor cell platelet embolus at the vascular wall. Subsequently, platelet-derived growth factors confer a mesenchymal-like phenotype to tumor cells and open the capillary endothelium to expedite extravasation in distant organs. Finally, platelet-secreted growth factors stimulate tumor cell proliferation to micrometastatic foci. This review provides a synopsis on the current literature on platelet-mediated effects in cancer metastasis and particularly focuses on platelet adhesion receptors and their role in metastasis. Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) and hemi ITAM (hemITAM) comprising receptors, especially, glycoprotein VI (GPVI), FcγRIIa, and C-type lectin-like-2 receptor (CLEC-2) are turned in the spotlight since several new mechanisms and contributions to metastasis have been attributed to this family of platelet receptors in the last years.
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38
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Peiris PM, He F, Covarrubias G, Raghunathan S, Turan O, Lorkowski M, Gnanasambandam B, Wu C, Schiemann WP, Karathanasis E. Precise targeting of cancer metastasis using multi-ligand nanoparticles incorporating four different ligands. Nanoscale 2018; 10:6861-6871. [PMID: 29620124 PMCID: PMC5908762 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02513d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis displays a highly heterogeneous cellular population with cancer cells continuously evolving. As a result, a single-ligand nanoparticle cannot account for the continuously changing expression of targetable biomarkers over time and space. To effectively direct nanoparticles to metastasis, we developed a multi-ligand nanoparticle by using four different types of ligands on the same nanoparticle that target biomarkers on the endothelium associated with metastatic disease. These vascular targets included αvβ3 integrin, P-selectin, EGFR and fibronectin. Using terminal and in vivo imaging studies, the targeting performance of the multi-ligand nanoparticles was compared to the single-ligand nanoparticle variants. All four single-ligand nanoparticle variants achieved significant targeting of lung metastasis in the 4T1 mouse model of breast cancer metastasis with about 2.5% of the injected dose being deposited into metastasis. A dual-ligand nanoparticle resulted in a nearly 2-fold higher deposition into lung metastases than its single-ligand counterparts. The multi-ligand nanoparticle significantly outperformed its targeting nanoparticle counterparts achieving a deposition of ∼7% of its injected nanoparticles into lung metastases. Using the high sensitivity of radionuclide imaging, PET imaging showed that a multi-ligand nanoparticle labeled with [18F]fluoride was able to precisely target metastatic disease at its very early stage of development in three different animal models of metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Peiris
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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39
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Abstract
The association between coagulation and cancer development has been observed for centuries. However, the connection between inflammation and malignancy is also well-recognized. The plethora of evidence indicates that among multiple hemostasis components, platelets play major roles in cancer progression by providing surface and granular contents for several interactions as well as behaving like immune cells. Therefore, the anticancer potential of anti-platelet therapy has been intensively investigated for many years. Anti-platelet agents may prevent cancer, decrease tumor growth, and metastatic potential, as well as improve survival of cancer patients. On the other hand, there are suggestions that antiplatelet treatment may promote solid tumor development in a phenomenon described as "cancers follow bleeding." The controversies around antiplatelet agents justify insight into the subject to establish what, if any, role platelet-directed therapy has in the continuum of anticancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Z Wojtukiewicz
- Department of Oncology, Medical University of Bialystok, 12 Ogrodowa St., 15-025, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Dominika Hempel
- Department of Radiotherapy, Comprehensive Cancer Center in Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Sierko
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center in Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Stephanie C Tucker
- Department of Pathology-School of Medicine, Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Kenneth V Honn
- Department of Pathology-School of Medicine, Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Departments of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
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Ishikane S, Takahashi-Yanaga F. The role of angiotensin II in cancer metastasis: Potential of renin-angiotensin system blockade as a treatment for cancer metastasis. Biochem Pharmacol 2018. [PMID: 29534876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension, which often exists as a comorbid condition in cancer patients, is considered as a factor affecting cancer progression. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure, and angiotensin II (Ang II) is a well-known pressor peptide in RAS. There is also accumulated evidence indicating that Ang II plays a critical role in the metastasis of various cancers by modulating adhesion, migration invasion, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Consistent with this, large epidemiological studies have reported the potential beneficial effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and Ang II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) against cancer metastasis; however, some of the results remain controversial. Although the precise Ang II-related mechanisms involved in cancer metastasis are not completely clear yet, a number of basic and meta-analytic studies have shown that ACE inhibitors and ARBs reduce the metastatic potential of tumors. In this review, we summarize the relationships among hypertension, RAS, and metastasis as demonstrated in basic and clinical studies. Finally, we discuss the possibility of using RAS inhibitors as anti-metastatic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Ishikane
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
| | - Fumi Takahashi-Yanaga
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan
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41
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Zhang R, Guo H, Xu J, Li B, Liu YJ, Cheng C, Zhou C, Zhao Y, Liu Y. Activated platelets inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell differentiation and promote tumor progression via platelet-tumor cell binding. Oncotarget 2018; 7:60609-60622. [PMID: 27542264 PMCID: PMC5312405 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lack of differentiation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with increased circulating platelet size. We measured platelet activation and plasma adenosine diphosphate (ADP) levels in HCC patients based on differentiation status. Local platelet accumulation and platelet-hepatoma cell binding were measured using immunohistochemistry (IHC) or flow cytometry. Using a xenograft assay in NON/SCID mice, we tested the effects of the anti-platelet drug clopidogrel on platelet activation, platelet infiltration, platelet-tumor cell binding and tumor cell differentiation. HCC patients with poor differentiation status displayed elevated platelet activation and higher ADP levels. Platelets accumulated within poorly differentiated tissues and localized at hepatoma cell membranes. Platelet-tumor cell binding was existed in carcinoma tissues, largely mediated by P-selectin on platelets. NOD/SCID mice with xenograft tumors also exhibited increased platelet activation and platelet-tumor cell binding. Clopidogrel therapy triggered hepatoma cell differentiation by attenuating platelet activation and platelet-tumor cell binding. TCF4 knockdown promoted HepG-2 cell differentiation and inhibited tumor formation, and TCF4 could be the potential downstream target for clopidogrel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfeng Zhang
- Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Huishu Guo
- Department of Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jingchao Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue-Jian Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Translational Research on Neurological Diseases Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunyan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yongfu Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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42
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Poterucha TJ, Libby P, Goldhaber SZ. More than an anticoagulant: Do heparins have direct anti-inflammatory effects? Thromb Haemost 2017; 117:437-444. [DOI: 10.1160/th16-08-0620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe heparins, well-known for their anticoagulant properties, may also have anti-inflammatory effects that could contribute to their effectiveness in the treatment of venous thromboembolism and other vascular diseases. This review focuses on the inflammatory pathophysiology that underlies the development of thrombosis and the putative effects of heparin on these pathways. We present evidence supporting the use of heparin for other indications, including autoimmune disease, malignancy, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. These considerations highlight the need for further research to elucidate the mechanisms of the possible pleiotropic effects of the heparins, with a view to advancing treatments based upon heparin derivatives.
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43
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Leentjens J, Peters M, Esselink AC, Smulders Y, Kramers C. Initial anticoagulation in patients with pulmonary embolism: thrombolysis, unfractionated heparin, LMWH, fondaparinux, or DOACs? Br J Clin Pharmacol 2017; 83:2356-2366. [PMID: 28593681 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial treatment of haemodynamically stable patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) has dramatically changed since the introduction of low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs). With the recent discovery of the direct oral anticoagulant drugs (DOACs), initial treatment of PE will be simplified even further. In several large clinical trials it has been demonstrated that DOACs are not inferior to standard therapy for the initial treatment of PE, and because of their practicability they are becoming the agents of first choice. However, many relative contraindications to DOACs were exclusion criteria in the clinical trials. Therefore, LMWHs will continue to play an important role in initial PE treatment and in some cases there still is a role for unfractionated heparin (UFH). In this review we will give an overview of the biophysical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of anticoagulants currently available for the initial management of PE. In addition, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the indications for the use of UFH, LMWHs and DOACs in the initial management of PE from a pharmacokinetic/-dynamic point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenneke Leentjens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology-Toxicology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mike Peters
- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne C Esselink
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology-Toxicology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yvo Smulders
- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Kramers
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology-Toxicology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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44
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Edwards EE, Oh J, Anilkumar A, Birmingham KG, Thomas SN. P-, but not E- or L-, selectin-mediated rolling adhesion persistence in hemodynamic flow diverges between metastatic and leukocytic cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:83585-83601. [PMID: 29137366 PMCID: PMC5663538 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of leukocytic cells to engage selectins via rolling adhesion is critical to inflammation, but selectins are also implicated in mediating metastatic dissemination. Using a microfluidic- and flow-based cell adhesion chromatography experimental and analytical technique, we interrogated the cell-subtype differences in engagement and sustainment of rolling adhesion on P-, E-, and L-selectin-functionalized surfaces in physiological flow. Our results indicate that, particularly at low concentrations of P-selectin, metastatic but not leukocytic cells exhibit reduced rolling adhesion persistence, whereas both cell subtypes exhibited reduced persistence on L-selectin and high persistence on E-selectin, differences not revealed by flow cytometry analysis or reflected in the extent or velocity of rolling adhesion. Conditions under which adhesion persistence was found to be significantly reduced corresponded to those exhibiting the greatest sensitivity to a selectin-antagonist. Our results suggest that potentially therapeutically exploitable differences in metastatic and leukocytic cell subtype interactions with selectins in physiological flow are identifiable through implementation of functional assays of adhesion persistence in hemodynamic flow utilizing this integrated, flow-based cell adhesion chromatography analytical technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Elizabeth Edwards
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jaeho Oh
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ananyaveena Anilkumar
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Katherine Gayle Birmingham
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Susan Napier Thomas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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45
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Kappelmayer J, Nagy B Jr. The Interaction of Selectins and PSGL-1 as a Key Component in Thrombus Formation and Cancer Progression. Biomed Res Int 2017; 2017:6138145. [PMID: 28680883 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6138145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cellular interaction is inevitable in the pathomechanism of human disease. Formation of heterotypic cellular aggregates, between distinct cells of hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic origin, may be involved in events leading to inflammation and the complex process of cancer progression. Among adhesion receptors, the family of selectins with their ligands have been considered as one of the major contributors to cell-cell interactions. Consequently, the inhibition of the interplay between selectins and their ligands may have potential therapeutic benefits. In this review, we focus on the current evidence on the selectins as crucial modulators of inflammatory, thrombotic, and malignant disorders. Knowing that there is promiscuity in selectin binding, we outline the importance of a key protein that serves as a ligand for all selectins. This dimeric mucin, the P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1), has emerged as a major player in inflammation, thrombus, and cancer development. We discuss the interaction of PSGL-1 with various selectins in physiological and pathological processes with particular emphasis on mechanisms that lead to severe disease.
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46
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Sylman JL, Mitrugno A, Tormoen GW, Wagner TH, Mallick P, McCarty OJT. Platelet count as a predictor of metastasis and venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer. Converg Sci Phys Oncol 2017; 3. [PMID: 29081989 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1739/aa6c05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are anucleate cells in the blood at concentrations of 150,000 to 400,000 cells/µL and play a key role in hemostasis. Several studies have suggested that platelets contribute to cancer progression and cancer-associated thrombosis. In this review, we provide an overview of the biochemical and biophysical mechanisms by which platelets interact with cancer cells and review the evidence supporting a role for platelet-enhanced metastasis of cancer, and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer. We discuss the potential for and limitations of platelet counts to discriminate cancer disease burden and prognosis. Lastly, we consider more advanced diagnostic approaches to improve studies on the interaction between the hemostatic system and cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna L Sylman
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR.,VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA.,Canary Center at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Annachiara Mitrugno
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Garth W Tormoen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR
| | - Todd H Wagner
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA.,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Parag Mallick
- Canary Center at Stanford, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR
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47
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Erpenbeck L, Schön MP. Neutrophil extracellular traps: protagonists of cancer progression? Oncogene 2017; 36:2483-90. [PMID: 27941879 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a defense mechanism first described to trap and kill bacteria and other pathogens. Increasingly, however, their involvement in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and malignant diseases is being recognized. Several recent studies have suggested important roles of NETs in tumor progression, metastasis and tumor-associated thrombosis. Although systematic studies to address the role of NETs in tumor development are still scarce, we will explore the emerging evidence for NETs as potential protagonists in malignant disease and highlight the mechanisms through which these effects may be exerted. Future questions arising from our current knowledge of direct and indirect interactions between NETs and cancer cells will be outlined and we will explore NETs as candidate pharmaceutical targets in cancer patients.
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48
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Abstract
Metastasis, a life-threatening complication of cancer, leads to the majority of cases of cancer-associated mortality. Unfortunately, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms of cancer metastasis remain to be fully elucidated. C-type lectins are a large group of proteins, which share structurally homologous carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRDs) and possess diverse physiological functions, including inflammation and antimicrobial immunity. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the contribution of C-type lectins in different steps of the metastatic spread of cancer. Notably, a substantial proportion of C-type lectins, including selectins, mannose receptor (MR) and liver and lymph node sinusoidal endothelial cell C-type lectin, are important molecular targets for the formation of metastases in vitro and in vivo. The present review summarizes what has been found regarding C-type lectins in the lymphatic and hematogenous metastasis of cancer. An improved understanding the role of C-type lectins in cancer metastasis provides a comprehensive perspective for further clarifying the molecular mechanisms of cancer metastasis and supports the development of novel C-type lectins-based therapies the for prevention of metastasis in certain types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbing Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jingmen First People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China
| | - Yao Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Songbai Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jingmen First People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China
| | - Chunjie Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jingmen First People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China
| | - Yonglian Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jingmen First People's Hospital, Jingmen, Hubei 448000, P.R. China
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Korniluk A, Kamińska J, Kiszło P, Kemona H, Dymicka-Piekarska V. Lectin adhesion proteins (P-, L- and E-selectins) as biomarkers in colorectal cancer. Biomarkers 2016; 22:629-634. [PMID: 27775438 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2016.1252967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Selectins probably participate in the interactions between platelets and other inflammatory cells in cancer invasion and metastasis formation. We assessed a potential relationship of P-, L- and E-selectin in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in relation to tumour advancement according to TNM classification, and tumour location. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group was composed of 53 CRC patients and 25 healthy subjects. Plasma levels of soluble P-, L- and E-selectins were measured using the immunoenzymatic method with Quantikine kits (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN). RESULTS The mean levels of all selectins were significantly higher in CRC patients compared to healthy controls. The highest level of sP-selectin was observed in patients with metastases to the liver (stage IV), and was significantly higher than in patients without metastases (stage I/II) and with lymph node metastases (stage III), p = .02. The highest levels of sL- and sE-selectin were observed in patients with lymph node metastasis. We also found sP-selectin to be the best predictor of CRC. CONCLUSION Our finding show possible involvement of tested selectins in CRC advancement and forming metastasis. Among sL- and E- selectins, P-selectin plays an important role in the progression of CRC and could be an attractive biomarker with clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Korniluk
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Bialystok , Poland
| | - Joanna Kamińska
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Bialystok , Poland
| | - Paweł Kiszło
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Bialystok , Poland
| | - Halina Kemona
- a Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Bialystok , Poland
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Affiliation(s)
- Sören Twarock
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Saghar Bagheri
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sayeh Bagheri
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Hohlfeld
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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