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Correa-Paz C, Pérez-Mato M, Bellemain-Sagnard M, González-Domínguez M, Marie P, Pérez-Gayol L, López-Arias E, Del Pozo-Filíu L, López-Amoedo S, Bugallo-Casal A, Alonso-Alonso ML, Candamo-Lourido M, Santamaría-Cadavid M, Arias-Rivas S, Rodríguez-Yañez M, Iglesias-Rey R, Castillo J, Vivien D, Rubio M, Campos F. Pharmacological preclinical comparison of tenecteplase and alteplase for the treatment of acute stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241237427. [PMID: 38436292 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241237427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Alteplase (rtPA) remains the standard thrombolytic drug for acute ischemic stroke. However, new rtPA-derived molecules, such as tenecteplase (TNK), with prolonged half-lives following a single bolus administration, have been developed. Although TNK is currently under clinical evaluation, the limited preclinical data highlight the need for additional studies to elucidate its benefits. The toxicities of rtPA and TNK were evaluated in endothelial cells, astrocytes, and neuronal cells. In addition, their in vivo efficacy was independently assessed at two research centers using an ischemic thromboembolic mouse model. Both therapies were tested via early (20 and 30 min) and late administration (4 and 4.5 h) after stroke. rtPA, but not TNK, caused cell death only in neuronal cultures. Mice were less sensitive to thrombolytic therapies than humans, requiring doses 10-fold higher than the established clinical dose. A single bolus dose of 2.5 mg/kg TNK led to an infarct reduction similar to perfusion with 10 mg/kg of rtPA. Early administration of TNK decreased the hemorrhagic transformations compared to that by the early administration of rtPA; however, this result was not obtained following late administration. These two independent preclinical studies support the use of TNK as a promising reperfusion alternative to rtPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Correa-Paz
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - María Pérez-Mato
- Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, La Paz University Hospital, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ Health Research Institute, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mathys Bellemain-Sagnard
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - Marco González-Domínguez
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Pauline Marie
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - Lara Pérez-Gayol
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Esteban López-Arias
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Lucia Del Pozo-Filíu
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Sonia López-Amoedo
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ana Bugallo-Casal
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - María Luz Alonso-Alonso
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - María Candamo-Lourido
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - María Santamaría-Cadavid
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Susana Arias-Rivas
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Manuel Rodríguez-Yañez
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
- Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Ramón Iglesias-Rey
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - José Castillo
- Neuroimaging and Biotechnology Laboratory (NOBEL), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Marina Rubio
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
| | - Francisco Campos
- Translational Stroke Laboratory (TREAT), Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), A Coruña, Spain
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Shang K, Zhu W, Ye L, Li Y. Effect of mechanical thrombectomy with and without intravenous thrombolysis on the functional outcome of patients with different degrees of thrombus perviousness. Neuroradiology 2023; 65:1657-1663. [PMID: 37640883 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-023-03210-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the long-term functional outcome of patients with different degrees of thrombus perviousness (TP) undergoing mechanical thrombectomy alone and those undergoing combined intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) plus mechanical thrombectomy. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion who underwent mechanical thrombectomy alone or bridging therapy between January 2016 and October 2020. TP was quantified by thrombus attenuation increase (TAI) on admission computed tomography angiography compared with non-contrast computed tomography. After dichotomization of TAI as higher or lower perviousness, Fisher exact tests were performed to estimate the associations of different therapies with favorable functional outcomes [Modified Ranking Scale score at 90 days (90-day mRS) of 0 to 2]. RESULTS A total of 73 patients were included in our study. 35 (47.9%) thrombi were classified as higher-perviousness clots with TAI of ≥ 24 HU, and the other 38 thrombi were lower-perviousness clots. A favorable outcome with a 90-day mRS of 0 to 2 was observed in 32 patients. In patients with thrombi of lower perviousness, favorable outcome was more common in the bridging therapy group than in the thrombectomy-alone group (p = 0.013), whereas in patients with thrombi of higher perviousness, the long-term neurological outcome did not significantly differ between two therapy groups (p = 0.094). CONCLUSION Patients with thrombi of lower perviousness were recommended to undergo intravenous alteplase followed by endovascular thrombectomy, and those with thrombi of higher perviousness could undergo thrombectomy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Shang
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - Wangshu Zhu
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - Lifang Ye
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 600 Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200235, China.
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Grkovski R, Acu L, Ahmadli U, Nakhostin D, Thurner P, Wacht L, Kulcsár Z, Alkadhi H, Winklhofer S. Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Stroke Imaging : Value of a New Image Acquisition Technique for Ischemia Detection after Mechanical Thrombectomy. Clin Neuroradiol 2023; 33:747-754. [PMID: 36862231 PMCID: PMC10450017 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-023-01270-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess if a new dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) technique enables an improved visualization of ischemic brain tissue after mechanical thrombectomy in acute stroke patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS The DECT head scans with a new sequential technique (TwinSpiral DECT) were performed in 41 patients with ischemic stroke after endovascular thrombectomy and were retrospectively included. Standard mixed and virtual non-contrast (VNC) images were reconstructed. Infarct visibility and image noise were assessed qualitatively by two readers using a 4-point Likert scale. Quantitative Hounsfield units (HU) were used to assess density differences of ischemic brain tissue versus healthy tissue on the non-affected contralateral hemisphere. RESULTS Infarct visibility was significantly better in VNC compared to mixed images for both readers R1 (VNC: median 1 (range 1-3), mixed: median 2 (range 1-4), p < 0.05) and R2 (VNC: median 2 (range 1-3), mixed: 2 (range 1-4), p < 0.05). Qualitative image noise was significantly higher in VNC compared to mixed images for both readers R1 (VNC: median 3, mixed: 2) and R2 (VNC: median 2, mixed: 1, p < 0.05, each). Mean HU were significantly different between the infarcted tissue and the reference healthy brain tissue on the contralateral hemisphere in VNC (infarct 24 ± 3) and mixed images (infarct 33 ± 5, p < 0.05, each). The mean HU difference between ischemia and reference in VNC images (mean 8 ± 3) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared to the mean HU difference in mixed images (mean 5 ± 4). CONCLUSION TwinSpiral DECT allows an improved qualitative and quantitative visualization of ischemic brain tissue in ischemic stroke patients after endovascular treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risto Grkovski
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Vrazov trg 2, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska ulica 5, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Leyla Acu
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uzeyir Ahmadli
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Nakhostin
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Thurner
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Wacht
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Zsolt Kulcsár
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hatem Alkadhi
- Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Winklhofer
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Fuller E, Vivanco-Suarez J, Fain NH, Zevallos CB, Lu Y, Ortega-Gutierrez S, Derdeyn C. Predictors of tissue infarction from distal emboli after mechanical thrombectomy. J Neurointerv Surg 2023:jnis-2023-020782. [PMID: 37620130 DOI: 10.1136/jnis-2023-020782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distal embolization after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is common. We aimed to determine factors associated with tissue infarction in the territories of distal emboli. METHODS This is a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusions who underwent EVT from 2015 to 2021. Patients with Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (TICI) 2b reperfusion and follow-up imaging were identified. Baseline characteristics, procedural details, and imaging findings were reviewed. Primary outcome was categorized according to the occurrence of infarction at the territory of distal embolus on follow-up diffusion-weighted imaging MRI. RESULTS Of 156 subjects, 97 (62%) had at least one infarction in the territories at risk. Hypertension was significantly more prevalent in the infarct group (83% vs 53%, P=0.001). General anesthesia was more commonly used in the infarct group (60% vs 43%, P=0.037). The median number of distal emboli and diameter of the occluded vessel were similar. After adjusting for confounders, hypertension (aOR 4.73, 95% CI 1.81 to 13.25, P=0.002), higher blood glucose (aOR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.03, P=0.023), and general anesthesia (aOR 2.75, 95% CI 1.15 to 6.84, P=0.025) were independently associated with infarction. The presence of angiographic leptomeningeal collaterals predicted tissue survival (aOR 0.13, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.33, P<0.001). 90-day modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores were worse for the infarction patients (mRS 0-2: infarct, 39% vs 55%, P=0.046). CONCLUSIONS Nearly 40% of patients with TICI 2b had no tissue infarction in the territory of a distal embolus. The association of infarction with hypertension and general anesthesia suggests late or post-procedural blood pressure management could be a modifiable factor. Patients with poor leptomeningeal collaterals or hyperglycemia may benefit from further attempts at revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Fuller
- Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa Roy J and Lucille A Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Juan Vivanco-Suarez
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Nicholas H Fain
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Cynthia B Zevallos
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Yujing Lu
- Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Colin Derdeyn
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Radiology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Roy D, Iancu D, Weill A, Raymond J. When enthusiasm defies science. Interv Neuroradiol 2023; 29:222-223. [PMID: 35175148 PMCID: PMC10152831 DOI: 10.1177/15910199221080874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Roy
- Service de Neuroradiologie
Interventionnelle, Département de Radiologie, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal
(CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, CANADA
| | - Daniela Iancu
- Service de Neuroradiologie
Interventionnelle, Département de Radiologie, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal
(CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, CANADA
| | - Alain Weill
- Service de Neuroradiologie
Interventionnelle, Département de Radiologie, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal
(CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, CANADA
| | - Jean Raymond
- Service de Neuroradiologie
Interventionnelle, Département de Radiologie, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal
(CHUM), Montréal, Quebec, CANADA
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Bala F, Kappelhof M, Ospel JM, Cimflova P, Qiu W, Singh N, Zhu K, Kim BJ, Wadhwa A, Almekhlafi MA, Menon BK, Arrarte Terreros N, Marquering H, Majoie C, Hill MD, Goyal M. Distal Embolization in Relation to Radiological Thrombus Characteristics, Treatment Details, and Functional Outcome. Stroke 2023; 54:448-456. [PMID: 36689583 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.122.040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distal embolization (DE) is a common complication of endovascular treatment (EVT). We investigated the association of radiological thrombus characteristics and treatment details with DE. METHODS Patients with thin-slice (≤2.5 mm) baseline noncontrast computed tomography and computed tomography angiography from the ESCAPE-NA1 trial (Efficacy and Safety of Nerinetide for the Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke) were included. Thrombus annotation was performed manually on coregistered scans by experienced readers. We assessed thrombus location, distance from internal carotid artery terminus, length, perviousness, absolute attenuation, and hyperdense artery sign. In addition, we evaluated balloon guide catheter use during EVT, first-line EVT approach, the number of thrombectomy passes, and prior intravenous thrombolysis administration. DE was defined as the occurrence of emboli distal to the target artery or in new territories during EVT. The association between thrombus characteristics, treatment details, and DE was evaluated using descriptive statistics and multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression, resulting in adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% CI. Interaction between IVT and radiological thrombus characteristics was assessed by adding interaction terms in separate models. RESULTS In total, 496 out of 1105 (44.9%) ESCAPE-NA1 patients were included. DE was detected in 251 out of 496 patients (50.6%). Patients with DE had longer thrombi (median, 28.5 [interquartile range, 20.8-42.3] mm versus 24.4 [interquartile range, 17.1-32.4] mm; P<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in the other thrombus characteristics. Factors associated with DE were thrombus length (aOR, 1.02 [95% CI, 1.01-1.04]), balloon guide catheter use (aOR, 0.49 [95% CI, 0.29-0.85]), and number of passes (aOR, 1.24 [95% CI, 1.04-1.47]). In patients with hyperdense artery sign, IVT was associated with reduced odds of DE (aOR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.31-0.97]), P for interaction=0.04. CONCLUSIONS DE was associated with longer thrombi, no balloon guide catheter use, and more EVT passes. IVT was associated with a reduced risk of DE in patients with hyperdense artery sign. These findings may support treatment decisions on IVT and EVT approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzi Bala
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
- Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Department, University Hospital of Tours, France (F.B.)
| | - Manon Kappelhof
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (M.K., N.A.T., H.M., C.M.), Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna M Ospel
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland (J.M.O.)
| | - Petra Cimflova
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology (P.C., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H.), University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, St Anne's University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (P.C.)
| | - Wu Qiu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
- School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (W.Q.)
| | - Nishita Singh
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Kairan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology and Cerebrovascular Center, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea (B.J.K.)
| | - Ankur Wadhwa
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Mohammed A Almekhlafi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology (P.C., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Bijoy K Menon
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology (P.C., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Nerea Arrarte Terreros
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (M.K., N.A.T., H.M., C.M.), Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (N.A.T., H.M.), Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Henk Marquering
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (M.K., N.A.T., H.M., C.M.), Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (N.A.T., H.M.), Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charles Majoie
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (M.K., N.A.T., H.M., C.M.), Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michael D Hill
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology (P.C., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Mayank Goyal
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Diagnostic Imaging (F.B., J.M.O., P.C., W.Q., N.S., K.Z., A.W., M.A.A., B.K.M., M.D.H., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
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Meinel TR, Lerch C, Fischer U, Beyeler M, Mujanovic A, Kurmann C, Siepen B, Scutelnic A, Müller M, Goeldlin M, Belachew NF, Dobrocky T, Gralla J, Seiffge D, Jung S, Arnold M, Wiest R, Meier R, Kaesmacher J. Multivariable Prediction Model for Futile Recanalization Therapies in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke. Neurology 2022; 99:e1009-e1018. [PMID: 35803722 PMCID: PMC9519255 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Very poor outcome despite IV thrombolysis (IVT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) occurs in approximately 1 of 4 patients with ischemic stroke and is associated with a high logistic and economic burden. We aimed to develop and validate a multivariable prognostic model to identify futile recanalization therapies (FRTs) in patients undergoing those therapies. METHODS Patients from a prospectively collected observational registry of a single academic stroke center treated with MT and/or IVT were included. The data set was split into a training (N = 1,808, 80%) and internal validation (N = 453, 20%) cohort. We used gradient boosted decision tree machine learning models after k-nearest neighbor imputation of 32 variables available at admission to predict FRT defined as modified Rankin scale 5-6 at 3 months. We report feature importance, ability for discrimination, calibration, and decision curve analysis. RESULTS A total of 2,261 patients with a median (interquartile range) age of 75 years (64-83 years), 46% female, median NIH Stroke Scale 9 (4-17), 34% IVT alone, 41% MT alone, and 25% bridging were included. Overall, 539 (24%) had FRT, more often in MT alone (34%) as compared with IVT alone (11%). Feature importance identified clinical variables (stroke severity, age, active cancer, prestroke disability), laboratory values (glucose, C-reactive protein, creatinine), imaging biomarkers (white matter hyperintensities), and onset-to-admission time as the most important predictors. The final model was discriminatory for predicting 3-month FRT (area under the curve 0.87, 95% CI 0.87-0.88) and had good calibration (Brier 0.12, 0.11-0.12). Overall performance was moderate (F1-score 0.63 ± 0.004), and decision curve analyses suggested higher mean net benefit at lower thresholds of treatment (up to 0.8). CONCLUSIONS This FRT prediction model can help inform shared decision making and identify the most relevant features in the emergency setting. Although it might be particularly useful in low resource healthcare settings, incorporation of further multifaceted variables is necessary to further increase the predictive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Raphael Meinel
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Christine Lerch
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs Fischer
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Morin Beyeler
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adnan Mujanovic
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Kurmann
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Siepen
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Scutelnic
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Madlaine Müller
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martina Goeldlin
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nebiyat Filate Belachew
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Dobrocky
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jan Gralla
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - David Seiffge
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Simon Jung
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Arnold
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Meier
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Kaesmacher
- From the Department of Neurology (T.M., C.L., M.B., B.S., A.S., M.M., M.G., D.S., S.J., M.A.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern; Department of Neurology and Stroke Center (U.F.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel; University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.M., C.K., N.F.B., T.D., J.G., R.W., R.M., J.K.), Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (R.W., R.M., J.K.), and Department of Diagnostic, Paediatric and Interventional Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
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8
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Beyeler M, Weber L, Kurmann CC, Piechowiak EII, Mosimann PJ, Zibold F, Meinel TR, Branca M, Goeldlin M, Pilgram-Pastor SM, Grunder L, Arnold M, Seiffge D, Meier R, Heldner MR, Dobrocky T, Mordasini P, Gralla J, Fischer U, Kaesmacher J. Association of reperfusion success and emboli in new territories with long term mortality after mechanical thrombectomy. J Neurointerv Surg 2022; 14:326-332. [PMID: 33911015 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2021-017422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The degree of reperfusion is the most important modifiable predictor of 3 month functional outcome and mortality in ischemic stroke patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy. Whether the beneficial effect of reperfusion also leads to a reduction in long term mortality is unknown. METHODS Patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy between January 2010 and December 2018 were included. The post-thrombectomy degree of reperfusion and emboli in new territories were core laboratory adjudicated. Reperfusion was evaluated according to the expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (eTICI) scale. Vital status was obtained from the Swiss population register. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) using time split Cox regression models were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed in patients with borderline indications. RESULTS Our study included 1264 patients (median follow-up per patient 2.5 years). Patients with successful reperfusion had longer survival times, attributable to a lower hazard of death within 0-90 days and for >90 days to 2 years (aHR 0.34, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.46; aHR 0.37, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.62). This association was homogeneous across all predefined subgroups (p for interaction >0.05). Among patients with successful reperfusion, a significant difference in the hazard of death was observed between eTICI2b50 and eTICI3 (aHR 0.51, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.79). Emboli in new territories were present in 5% of patients, and were associated with increased mortality (aHR 2.3, 95% CI 1.11 to 4.86). CONCLUSION Successful, and ideally complete, reperfusion without emboli in new territories is associated with a reduction in long term mortality in patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy, and this was evident across several subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morin Beyeler
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Loris Weber
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph C Kurmann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eike Immo I Piechowiak
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pascal J Mosimann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Alfried-Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Felix Zibold
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Raphael Meinel
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mattia Branca
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, CTU Bern, University of Bern, Switzerland, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martina Goeldlin
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sara M Pilgram-Pastor
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Grunder
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - David Seiffge
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Meier
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam R Heldner
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Dobrocky
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pasquale Mordasini
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jan Gralla
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs Fischer
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Kaesmacher
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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Filioglo A, Simaan N, Honig A, Heldner MR, von Rennenberg R, Pezzini A, Padjen V, Rentzos A, Altersberger VL, Baumgartner P, Zini A, Grisendi I, Aladdin S, Gomori JM, Pilgram-Pastor SM, Scheitz JF, Magoni M, Berisavac I, Nordanstig A, Psychogios M, Luft A, Gentile M, Assenza F, Arnold M, Nolte CH, Gamba M, Ercegovac M, Jood K, Engelter ST, Wegener S, Forlivesi S, Zedde M, Gensicke H, Tatlisumak T, Cohen JE, Leker RR. Outcomes after reperfusion therapies in patients with ACA stroke: A multicenter cohort study from the EVATRISP collaboration. J Neurol Sci 2022; 432:120081. [PMID: 34920158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.120081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with stroke secondary to occlusions of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) often have poor outcomes. The optimal acute therapeutic intervention for these patients remains unknown. METHODS Patients with isolated ACA-stroke were identified from 10 centers participating in the EndoVascular treatment And ThRombolysis in Ischemic Stroke Patients (EVATRISP) prospective registry. Patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) were compared to those treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (OR; 95%CI) were calculated using multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS Included were 92 patients with ACA-stroke. Of the 92 ACA patients, 55 (60%) were treated with IVT only and 37 (40%) with EVT (±bridging IVT). ACA patients treated with EVT had more often wake-up stroke (24% vs. 6%, p = 0.044) and proximal ACA occlusions (43% vs. 24%, p = 0.047) and tended to have higher stroke severity on admission [NIHSS: 10.0 vs 7.0, p = 0.054). However, odds for favorable outcome, mortality or symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage did not differ significantly between both groups. Exploration of the effect of clot location inside the ACA showed that in patients with A1 or A2/A3 ACA occlusions the chances of favorable outcome were not influenced by treatment allocation to IVT or EVT. DISCUSSION Treatment with either IVT or EVT could be safe with similar effect in patients with ACA-strokes and these effects may be independent of clot location within the occluded ACA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Filioglo
- Departments of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - N Simaan
- Departments of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A Honig
- Departments of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - M R Heldner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland
| | - R von Rennenberg
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Pezzini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Neurology Clinic, University of Brescia, Italy
| | - V Padjen
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - A Rentzos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - V L Altersberger
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - P Baumgartner
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Zini
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - I Grisendi
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - S Aladdin
- Departments of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - J M Gomori
- Radiology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - S M Pilgram-Pastor
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J F Scheitz
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Magoni
- U.O Vascular Neurology, Stroke Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - I Berisavac
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - A Nordanstig
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurosciences and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - M Psychogios
- Department of Neuroradiology, Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Luft
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Gentile
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Assenza
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - M Arnold
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland
| | - C H Nolte
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Stroke Research, Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Gamba
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Ercegovac
- Neurology Clinic, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - K Jood
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurosciences and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S T Engelter
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Wegener
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Forlivesi
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, Maggiore Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Zedde
- Neurology Unit, Stroke Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - H Gensicke
- Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, University Department of Geriatric Medicine FELIX PLATTER, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - T Tatlisumak
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Institute of Neurosciences and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg and Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J E Cohen
- Neurosurgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - R R Leker
- Departments of Neurology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Nie X, Wang D, Pu Y, Wei Y, Lu Q, Yan H, Liu X, Zheng L, Liu J, Yang X, Ding Y, Liu D, Duan W, Zhang Z, Yang Z, Wen M, Gu W, Hou X, Leng X, Pan Y, Miao Z, Liu L. Endovascular treatment with or without intravenous alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke due to basilar artery occlusion. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2021; 7:190-199. [PMID: 34880112 PMCID: PMC9240464 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2021-001242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose It remains controversial if endovascular treatment (EVT) can improve the outcome of patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO). This study aims to compare the functional outcomes between EVT with and without intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) first in patients who had acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) due to BAO. Methods Patients who had AIS with BAO who underwent EVT within 24 hours of onset were enrolled in this multicentre cohort study, and the efficacy and safety were compared between IVT+EVT and direct EVT. The primary outcome was 90-day functional independence. All outcomes were assessed with adjusted OR (aOR) from the multivariable logistic regression. In addition, a meta-analysis was performed on all recently published pivotal studies on functional independence after EVT in patients with BAO. Results Of 310 enrolled patients with BAO, 241 (78%) were treated with direct EVT and 69 (22%) with IVT+EVT. Direct EVT was associated with a worse functional outcome (aOR, 0.46 (95% CI 0.24 to 0.85), p=0.01). IVT+EVT was associated with a lower percentage of patients who needed ≥3 passes of stent retriever (10.14% vs 20.75%). The meta-analysis regression revealed a potential positive correlation between bridging with IVT first and functional independence (r=0.14 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.24), p<0.01). Conclusions This study showed that compared with direct EVT, EVT with IVT first was associated with better functional outcomes in patients with BAO treated within 24 hours of onset. The meta-analysis demonstrated similar favourable efficacy of IVT first followed by EVT in patients with BAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximing Nie
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - David Wang
- Neurovascular Division, Department of Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Yuehua Pu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yufei Wei
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qixuan Lu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyi Yan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Zheng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Xinxuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yarong Ding
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Dacheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wanying Duan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghua Yang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Wen
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Weibin Gu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Hou
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Leng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuesong Pan
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongrong Miao
- Department of Interventional Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China .,China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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12
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Ganesh A, Ospel JM, Menon BK, Demchuk AM, McTaggart RA, Nogueira RG, Poppe AY, Almekhlafi MA, Hanel RA, Thomalla G, Holmin S, Puetz V, van Adel BA, Tarpley JW, Tymianski M, Hill MD, Goyal M. Assessment of Discrepancies Between Follow-up Infarct Volume and 90-Day Outcomes Among Patients With Ischemic Stroke Who Received Endovascular Therapy. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2132376. [PMID: 34739060 PMCID: PMC8571657 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.32376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Some patients have poor outcomes despite small infarcts after endovascular therapy (EVT), while others with large infarcts do well. Understanding why these discrepancies occur may help to optimize EVT outcomes. OBJECTIVE To validate exploratory findings from the Endovascular Treatment for Small Core and Anterior Circulation Proximal Occlusion with Emphasis on Minimizing CT to Recanalization Times (ESCAPE) trial regarding pretreatment, treatment-related, and posttreatment factors associated with discrepancies between follow-up infarct volume (FIV) and 90-day functional outcome. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study is a post hoc analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of Nerinetide in Subjects Undergoing Endovascular Thrombectomy for Stroke (ESCAPE-NA1) trial, a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, international, multicenter trial conducted from March 2017 to August 2019. Patients who participated in ESCAPE-NA1 and had available 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores and 24-hour to 48-hour posttreatment follow-up parenchymal imaging were included. EXPOSURES Small FIV (volume ≤25th percentile) and large FIV (volume ≥75th percentile) on 24-hour computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging. Baseline factors, outcomes, treatments, and poststroke serious adverse events (SAEs) were compared between discrepant cases (ie, patients with 90-day mRS score ≥3 despite small FIV or those with mRS scores ≤2 despite large FIV) and nondiscrepant cases. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Area under the curve (AUC) and goodness of fit of prespecified logistic models, including pretreatment (eg, age, cancer, vascular risk factors) and treatment-related and posttreatment (eg, SAEs) factors, were compared with stepwise regression-derived models for ability to identify small FIV with higher mRS score and large FIV with lower mRS score. RESULTS Among 1091 patients (median [IQR] age, 70.8 [60.8-79.8] years; 549 [49.7%] women; median [IQR] FIV, 24.9 mL [6.6-92.2 mL]), 42 of 287 patients (14.6%) with FIV of 7 mL or less (ie, ≤25th percentile) had an mRS score of at least 3; 65 of 275 patients (23.6%) with FIV of 92 mL or greater (ie, ≥75th percentile) had an mRS score of 2 or less. Prespecified models of pretreatment factors (ie, age, cancer, vascular risk factors) associated with low FIV and higher mRS score performed similarly to models selected by stepwise regression (AUC, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.89-0.95] vs 0.93 [95% CI, 0.90-0.95]; P = .42). SAEs, specifically infarct in new territory, recurrent stroke, pneumonia, and congestive heart failure, were associated with low FIV and higher mRS scores; stepwise models also identified 24-hour hemoglobin as treatment-related/posttreatment factor (AUC, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.90-0.95] vs 0.94 [95% CI, 0.91-0.96]; P = .14). Younger age was associated with high FIV and lower mRS score; stepwise models identified absence of diabetes and higher baseline hemoglobin as additional pretreatment factors (AUC, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.70-0.82] vs 0.77 [95% CI, 0.71-0.83]; P = .82). Absence of SAEs, especially stroke progression, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage, and pneumonia, was associated with high FIV and lower mRS score2; stepwise models also identified 24-hour hemoglobin level, glucose, and diastolic blood pressure as posttreatment factors associated with discrepant cases (AUC, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.74-0.87] vs 0.79 [95% CI, 0.72-0.86]; P = .92). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, discrepancies between functional outcome and post-EVT infarct volume were associated with differences in pretreatment factors, such as age and comorbidities, and posttreatment complications related to index stroke evolution, secondary prevention, and quality of stroke unit care. Besides preventing such complications, optimization of blood pressure, glucose levels, and hemoglobin levels are potentially modifiable factors meriting further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Ganesh
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Johanna M. Ospel
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bijoy K. Menon
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew M. Demchuk
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ryan A. McTaggart
- Departments of Diagnostic Imaging, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Raul G. Nogueira
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Neuroendovascular Service, Marcus Stroke and Neuroscience Center, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alexandre Y. Poppe
- Department of Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohammed A. Almekhlafi
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Götz Thomalla
- Departments of Neurology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Staffan Holmin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Departments of Neuroradiology and Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Volker Puetz
- Dresden Neurovascular Center, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Jason W. Tarpley
- Providence Little Company of Mary Medical Center, Providence Saint John’s Health Center and The Pacific Neuroscience Institute, Torrance, California
| | - Michael Tymianski
- Division of Neurosurgery and Neurovascular Therapeutics Program, University Health Network, Departments of Surgery and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- NoNO Inc, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael D. Hill
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- The Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mayank Goyal
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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13
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Burke DJ, Aziz YN, Shah K, Jadhav AP. Transcirculation Embolization to New Territory During Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke. Neurohospitalist 2021; 12:323-327. [PMID: 35419143 PMCID: PMC8995584 DOI: 10.1177/19418744211041284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Embolization in new territories (ENT) is a known complication of mechanical thrombectomy with incidence dependent upon a variety of procedural factors. We present 2 cases of anterior circulation to posterior circulation ENT. These cases were managed with manual aspiration thrombectomy with excellent radiographic and clinical outcome. We present the available literature involving ENT along with our experience in management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin J. Burke
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Unit, Feil Family and Mind Research Institute and Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yasmin N. Aziz
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kavit Shah
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ashutosh P. Jadhav
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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14
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Rozes C, Maier B, Gory B, Bourcier R, Kyheng M, Labreuche J, Consoli A, Mazighi M, Blanc R, Caroff J, Eugene F, Naggara O, Gariel F, Sibon I, Lapergue B, Marnat G. Influence of prior intravenous thrombolysis on outcome after failed mechanical thrombectomy: ETIS registry analysis. J Neurointerv Surg 2021; 14:688-692. [PMID: 34413246 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2021-017867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite constant improvements in recent years, sufficient reperfusion after mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is not reached in up to 15% of patients with large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS). The outcome of patients with unsuccessful reperfusion after MT especially after intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) use is not known. We investigated the influence of initial IVT in this particular group of patients with failed intracranial recanalization. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of the Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke (ETIS) registry from January 2015 to December 2019. Patients presenting with LVOS of the anterior circulation and final modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score (mTICI) of 0, 1 or 2a were included. Posterior circulation, isolated cervical carotid occlusions and successful reperfusions (mTICI 2b, 2c or 3) were excluded. The primary endpoint was favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 0-2) after 3 months. Secondary endpoints were safety outcomes including mortality, any intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), parenchymal hematoma (PH) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) rates. RESULTS Among 5076 patients with LVOS treated with MT, 524 patients with insufficient recanalization met inclusion criteria, of which 242 received IVT and 282 did not. Functional outcome was improved in the MT+IVT group compared with the MT alone group, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (23.0% vs 12.9%; adjusted OR=1.82; 95% CI 0.98 to 3.38; p=0.058). However, 3 month mRS shift analysis showed a significant benefit of IVT (adjusted OR=1.68; 95% CI 1.56 to 6.54). ICH and sICH rates were similar in both groups, although PH rate was higher in the MT+IVT group (adjusted OR=3.20; 95% CI 1.56 to 6.54). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with LVOS in the anterior circulation and unsuccessful MT, IVT was associated with improved functional outcome even after unsuccessful MT. Despite recent trials questioning the place of IVT in the LVOS reperfusion strategy, these findings emphasize a subgroup of patients still benefiting from IVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Rozes
- Neuroradiology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Benjamin Maier
- Interventional Neuroradiology, Adolphe de Rothschild Ophthalmological Foundation, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin Gory
- Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, France.,INSERM U1254, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Romain Bourcier
- Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Maeva Kyheng
- CHU Lille, EA 2694, Santé publique: épidémiologie et qualité des soins, Université de Lille, Lille, Hauts-de-France, France
| | | | | | - Mikael Mazighi
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Blanc
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Rothschild Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jildaz Caroff
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, NEURI Brain Vascular Center, Bicêtre Hospital, APHP, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | | | - Olivier Naggara
- Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Sainte Anne, Paris, Île-de-France, France.,INSERM UMR 894, Paris, France
| | - Florent Gariel
- Neuroradiology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Igor Sibon
- UMR 5287 CNRS; EPHE PSL Research University, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Neurology Department, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Gaultier Marnat
- Interventional and Diagnostic Neuroradiology, CHU Bordeaux GH Pellegrin, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
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15
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Gauberti M, Martinez de Lizarrondo S, Vivien D. Thrombolytic strategies for ischemic stroke in the thrombectomy era. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:1618-1628. [PMID: 33834615 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-five years ago, intravenous thrombolysis has revolutionized the care of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Since 2015, randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that mechanical thrombectomy improves functional outcome in stroke patients over intravenous thrombolysis alone. More recently, three randomized clinical trials have suggested that mechanical thrombectomy alone is noninferior to a combined strategy with both intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy. In the present review, we will present the last clinical and preclinical studies on the use of thrombolysis in stroke patients in the modern thrombectomy era. At the cost of a potential increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation, thrombolysis may promote arterial recanalization before thrombectomy, improve the rate of successful recanalization after thrombectomy, and restore microcirculation patency downstream of the main thrombus. Besides, new thrombolytic strategies targeting tissue-type plasminogen activator resistant thrombi are being developed, which could strengthen the beneficial effects of thrombolysis without carrying additional pro-hemorrhagic effects. For instance, tenecteplase has shown improved rate of recanalization compared with tissue-type plasminogen activator (alteplase). Beyond fibrinolysis, DNA- and von Willebrand factor-targeted thrombolytic strategies have shown promising results in experimental models of ischemic stroke. New combined strategies, improved thrombolytics, and dedicated clinical trials in selected patients are eagerly awaited to further improve functional outcome in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Gauberti
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
- CHU Caen, Department of Neuroradiology, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | - Sara Martinez de Lizarrondo
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France
- CHU Caen, Clinical Research Department, CHU de Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
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16
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Ben Hassen W, Touloupas C, Benzakoun J, Boulouis G, Bretzner M, Bricout N, Legrand L, Rodriguez C, Le Berre A, Seners P, Turc G, Cordonnier C, Oppenheim C, Henon H, Naggara O. Impact of Repeated Clot Retrieval Attempts on Infarct Growth and Outcome After Ischemic Stroke. Neurology 2021; 97:e444-e453. [PMID: 34162721 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the association between increasing number of clot retrieval attempts (CRA) and unfavorable outcome is due to an increase in emboli to new territory (ENT) and greater infarct growth (IG) in successfully recanalized patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO). METHODS Data were extracted from 2 pooled multicentric prospective registries of consecutive patients with anterior AIS-LVO treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT) between January 2016 and 2019. Patients with pretreatment and 24-hour posttreatment diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) achieving successful recanalization, defined as expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction Scale score of 2B, 2C, or 3, were included. ENT were assessed and IG was measured by voxel-based segmentation after DWI coregistration. Associations between number of CRA, ENT, IG, and 3-month outcome were analyzed. RESULTS Four hundred nineteen patients achieving successful recanalization were included. ENT occurrence was strongly correlated with increasing CRA (ρ = 0.73, p = 10-4). In multivariable linear analysis, IG was independently associated with CRA (β = 1.6 per retrieval attempt, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97-9.74, p = 0.03) and ENT (β = 2.7 [95% CI 1.21-4.1], p = 0.03). Unfavorable functional outcome (3-month modified Rankin Scale score >2) increased with each additional CRA. IG was an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome (odds ratio 1.05 [95% CI 1.02-1.07] per 1-mL IG increase, p = 10-4) in binary logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS Increasing number of CRA in acute stroke is correlated with an increased ENT rate and increased IG volume, affecting functional outcome even when successful recanalization is achieved. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class II evidence that, for patients with acute stroke undergoing successful recanalization, an increasing number of CRA is associated with poorer functional outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagih Ben Hassen
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France.
| | - Caroline Touloupas
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Joseph Benzakoun
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Gregoire Boulouis
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Martin Bretzner
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Bricout
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Laurence Legrand
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Christine Rodriguez
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Alice Le Berre
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Pierre Seners
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Guillaume Turc
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Charlotte Cordonnier
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Catherine Oppenheim
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Hilde Henon
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
| | - Olivier Naggara
- From GHU Paris (W.B.H., C.T., J.B., G.B., L.L., C.R., P.S., G.T., C.O., O.N.), Université de Paris, INSERM UMR 1266, Department of Neuroradiology; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (M.B., N.B.), CHU Lille; Hôpital Saint Joseph (A.L.B.), Department of Radiology, Paris; and Department of Neurology (C.C., H.H.), Université Lille, Inserm U1171, Degenerative and Vascular Cognitive Disorders, CHU Lille, France
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17
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Pilgram-Pastor SM, Piechowiak EI, Dobrocky T, Kaesmacher J, Den Hollander J, Gralla J, Mordasini P. Stroke thrombectomy complication management. J Neurointerv Surg 2021; 13:912-917. [PMID: 34158401 PMCID: PMC8458081 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2021-017349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (EVT) is widely accepted as the first-line treatment for acute ischemic stroke in patients with large vessel occlusion. Being an invasive treatment, this method is associated with various preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative complications. These complications may influence peri-interventional morbidity and mortality and therefore treatment efficacy and clinical outcome. The aim of this review is to discuss the most common types of complications associated with EVT, the probable mechanisms of injury, and effective methods to manage and prevent complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Pilgram-Pastor
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital Universitatsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eike I Piechowiak
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital Universitatsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Dobrocky
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital Universitatsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Kaesmacher
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital Universitatsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Juergen Den Hollander
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital Universitatsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jan Gralla
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital Universitatsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pasquale Mordasini
- Department for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital Universitatsspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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18
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Wong GJ, Yoo B, Liebeskind D, Baharvahdat H, Gornbein J, Jahan R, Szeder V, Duckwiler G, Tateshima S, Colby G, Nour M, Sharma L, Rao N, Hinman J, Starkman S, Saver JL. Frequency, Determinants, and Outcomes of Emboli to Distal and New Territories Related to Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2021; 52:2241-2249. [PMID: 34011171 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.033377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory J Wong
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO (G.J.W.).,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, CA (G.J.W.)
| | - Bryan Yoo
- Department of Radiology (B.Y.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - David Liebeskind
- Department of Neurology (D.L., M.N., L.S., N.R., J.H., S.S., J.L.S.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Humain Baharvahdat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran (H.B.)
| | - Jeffrey Gornbein
- Statistics Core, Department of Medicine (J.G.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Reza Jahan
- Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (R.J., V.S., G.D., S.T., G.C., M.N.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Viktor Szeder
- Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (R.J., V.S., G.D., S.T., G.C., M.N.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Gary Duckwiler
- Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (R.J., V.S., G.D., S.T., G.C., M.N.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Satoshi Tateshima
- Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (R.J., V.S., G.D., S.T., G.C., M.N.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Geoffrey Colby
- Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (R.J., V.S., G.D., S.T., G.C., M.N.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Neurosurgery (G.C.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - May Nour
- Department of Neurology (D.L., M.N., L.S., N.R., J.H., S.S., J.L.S.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.,Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology (R.J., V.S., G.D., S.T., G.C., M.N.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Latisha Sharma
- Department of Neurology (D.L., M.N., L.S., N.R., J.H., S.S., J.L.S.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Neal Rao
- Department of Neurology (D.L., M.N., L.S., N.R., J.H., S.S., J.L.S.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jason Hinman
- Department of Neurology (D.L., M.N., L.S., N.R., J.H., S.S., J.L.S.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Sidney Starkman
- Department of Neurology (D.L., M.N., L.S., N.R., J.H., S.S., J.L.S.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.,Department of Emergency Medicine (S.S.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jeffrey L Saver
- Department of Neurology (D.L., M.N., L.S., N.R., J.H., S.S., J.L.S.), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA
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19
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Kaesmacher J, Ospel JM, Meinel TR, Boulouis G, Goyal M, Campbell BCV, Fiehler J, Gralla J, Fischer U. Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b Reperfusions: To Treat or to Stop? Stroke 2020; 51:3461-3471. [PMID: 32993461 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy, achieving complete (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 3) rather than incomplete successful reperfusion (Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b) is associated with better functional outcome. Despite technical improvements, incomplete reperfusion remains the final angiographic result in 40% of patients according to recent trials. As most incomplete reperfusions are caused by distal vessel occlusions, they are potentially amenable to rescue strategies. While observational data suggest a net benefit of up to 20% in functional independence of incomplete versus complete reperfusions, the net benefit of secondary improvement from Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b to 3 reperfusion might differ due to lengthier procedures and delayed reperfusion. Current strategies to tackle distal vessel occlusions consist of distal (microcatheter) aspiration, small adjustable stent retrievers, and administration of intra-arterial thrombolytics. While there are promising reports evaluating those techniques, all available studies show relevant limitations in terms of selection bias, single-center design, or nonconsecutive patient inclusion. Besides an assessment of risks associated with rescue maneuvers, we advocate that the decision-making process should also include a consideration of potential outcomes if complete reperfusion would successfully be achieved. These include (1) a futile angiographic improvement (hypoperfused territory is already infarcted), (2) an unnecessary angiographic improvement (the patient would not have developed infarction if no rescue maneuver was performed), and (3) a successful rescue maneuver with clinical benefit. Currently there is paucity of data on how these scenarios can be predicted and the decision whether to treat or to stop in a patient with incomplete reperfusion involves many unknowns. To advance the status quo, we outline current knowledge gaps and avenues of potential research regarding this clinically important question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kaesmacher
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K., J.G.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johanna M Ospel
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland (J.M.O.).,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Canada (J.M.O., M.G.)
| | - Thomas R Meinel
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., U.F.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Grégoire Boulouis
- Department of Neuroradiology, Paris Descartes University, INSERM U1266, DHU Neurovasculaire, Sainte-Anne Hospital (G.B.)
| | - Mayank Goyal
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Calgary, Canada (J.M.O., M.G.)
| | - Bruce C V Campbell
- Department of Medicine and Neurology, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia (B.C.V.C.)
| | - Jens Fiehler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany (J.F.)
| | - Jan Gralla
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K., J.G.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland.,University Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (J.K.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs Fischer
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., U.F.), University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Switzerland
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20
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Meinel TR, Kaesmacher J, Mosimann PJ, Seiffge D, Jung S, Mordasini P, Arnold M, Goeldlin M, Hajdu SD, Olivé-Gadea M, Maegerlein C, Costalat V, Pierot L, Schaafsma JD, Fischer U, Gralla J. Association of initial imaging modality and futile recanalization after thrombectomy. Neurology 2020; 95:e2331-e2342. [PMID: 32847948 PMCID: PMC7682915 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000010614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To test the hypothesis that selection by initial imaging modality (MRI vs CT) is associated with rate of futile recanalizations (FRs) after mechanical thrombectomy (MT), we assessed this association in a multicenter, retrospective observational registry (BEYOND-SWIFT [Registry for Evaluating Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated With Mechanical Thrombectomy], NCT03496064). Methods In 2,011 patients (49.7% female, median age 73 years [61–81]) included between 2009 and 2017, we performed univariate and multivariate analyses regarding the occurrence of FR. FRs were defined as 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 4–6 despite successful recanalization in patients selected by MRI (n = 690) and CT (n = 1,321) with a sensitivity analysis considering only patients with mRS 5–6 as futile. Results MRI as compared to CT resulted in similar rates of subsequent MT (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.048, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.677–1.624). Rates of FR were as follows: 571/1,489 (38%) FR mRS 4–6 including 393/1,489 (26%) FR mRS 5–6. CT-based selection was associated with increased rates of FRs compared to MRI (44% [41%–47%] vs 29% [25%–32%], p < 0.001; aOR 1.77 [95% CI 1.25–2.51]). These findings were robust in sensitivity analysis. MRI-selected patients had a delay of approximately 30 minutes in workflow metrics in real-world university comprehensive stroke centers. However, functional outcome and mortality were more favorable in patients selected by MRI compared to patients selected with CT. Conclusions CT selection for MT was associated with an increased risk of FRs as compared to MRI selection. Efforts are needed to shorten workflow delays in MRI patients. Further research is needed to clarify the role of the initial imaging modality on FR occurrence and to develop a reliable FR prediction algorithm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Raphael Meinel
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Johannes Kaesmacher
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Pascal John Mosimann
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - David Seiffge
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Simon Jung
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Pasquale Mordasini
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Marcel Arnold
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Martina Goeldlin
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Steven D Hajdu
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Marta Olivé-Gadea
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Christian Maegerlein
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Vincent Costalat
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Laurent Pierot
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Joanna D Schaafsma
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
| | - Urs Fischer
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada.
| | - Jan Gralla
- From the Departments of Neurology (T.R.M., D.S., S.J., M.A., M.G., U.F.) and Neuroradiology (P.J.M., P.M., J.G.) and Institute of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology and Department of Neurology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern; Department of Radiology (S.D.H.), Lausanne University Hospital, Switzerland; Department of Neurology (M.-O.G.), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (C.M.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (V.C.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Neuroradiology (L.P.), CHU Reims, France; and Department of Neurology Medicine (J.D.S.), Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Canada
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21
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Ospel JM, Cimflova P, Marko M, Mayank A, Hafeez M, Almekhlafi MA, Hill MD, Demchuk AM, Menon BK, Goyal M. Prevalence and Outcomes of Medium Vessel Occlusions With Discrepant Infarct Patterns. Stroke 2020; 51:2817-2824. [PMID: 32757752 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The prognosis of medium vessel occlusions (MeVOs), that is, M2/3 middle cerebral artery, A2/3 anterior cerebral artery, and P2/3 posterior cerebral artery occlusions, is generally better compared with large vessel occlusions, since brain ischemia is less extensive. However, in some MeVO patients, infarcts are seen outside the territory of the occluded vessel (MeVO with discrepant infarcts). This study aims to determine the prevalence and clinical impact of discrepant infarct patterns in acute ischemic stroke due to MeVO. METHODS We pooled data of MeVO patients from INTERRSeCT (Identifying New Approaches to Optimize Thrombus Characterization for Predicting Early Recanalization and Reperfusion With IV Alteplase and Other Treatments Using Serial CT Angiography) and PRove-IT (Precise and Rapid Assessment of Collaterals Using Multi-Phase CTA in the Triage of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke for IA Therapy)-2 prospective cohort studies of patients with acute ischemic stroke. The combination of occlusion location on baseline computed tomography angiography and infarct location on follow-up computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging was used to identify MeVOs with discrepant infarct patterns. Two definitions for discrepant infarcts were applied; one was more restrictive and purely based on infarct patterns of the basal ganglia, whereas the second one took cortical infarct patterns into account. Clinical outcomes of patients with versus without discrepant infarcts were summarized using descriptive statistics. Logistic regression was performed to obtain adjusted effect size estimates for the association of discrepant infarcts and good outcome, defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 to 2, and excellent outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0-1). RESULTS Two hundred sixty-two patients with MeVO were included in the analysis. The prevalence of discrepant infarcts was 39.7% (definition 1) and 21.0% (definition 2). Patients with discrepant infarcts were less likely to achieve good outcome (definition 1: adjusted odds ratio, 0.48 [95% CI, 0.25-0.91]; definition 2: adjusted odds ratio, 0.47 [95% CI, 0.22-0.99]). When definition 1 was applied, patients with discrepant infarcts were also less likely to achieve excellent outcome (definition 1: adjusted odds ratio, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.31-0.99]; definition 2: adjusted odds ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.31-1.25]). CONCLUSIONS MeVO patients with discrepant infarcts are common, and they are associated with more severe deficits and poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna M Ospel
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., P.C., M.M., A.M., M.H., M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland (J.M.O.)
| | - Petra Cimflova
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., P.C., M.M., A.M., M.H., M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging (P.C.), St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center (P.C.), St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic (P.C.)
| | - Martha Marko
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., P.C., M.M., A.M., M.H., M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Arnuv Mayank
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., P.C., M.M., A.M., M.H., M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Moiz Hafeez
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., P.C., M.M., A.M., M.H., M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Mohammed A Almekhlafi
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., P.C., M.M., A.M., M.H., M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada.,Radiology (M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Michael D Hill
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., P.C., M.M., A.M., M.H., M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada.,Radiology (M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Andrew M Demchuk
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., P.C., M.M., A.M., M.H., M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada.,Radiology (M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Bijoy K Menon
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., P.C., M.M., A.M., M.H., M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada.,Radiology (M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Mayank Goyal
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., P.C., M.M., A.M., M.H., M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada.,Radiology (M.A.A., M.D.H., A.M.D., B.K.M., M.G.), University of Calgary, Canada
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22
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Saver JL, Chapot R, Agid R, Hassan A, Jadhav AP, Liebeskind DS, Lobotesis K, Meila D, Meyer L, Raphaeli G, Gupta R. Thrombectomy for Distal, Medium Vessel Occlusions: A Consensus Statement on Present Knowledge and Promising Directions. Stroke 2020; 51:2872-2884. [PMID: 32757757 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.028956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is well established as a highly effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to proximal, large vessel occlusions (PLVOs). With iterative further advances in catheter technology, distal, medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs) are now emerging as a promising next potential EVT frontier. This consensus statement integrates recent epidemiological, anatomic, clinical, imaging, and therapeutic research on DMVO-AIS and provides a framework for further studies. DMVOs cause 25% to 40% of AISs, arising as primary thromboemboli and as unintended consequences of EVT performed for PLVOs, including emboli to new territories (ENTs) and emboli to distal territories (EDTs) within the initially compromised arterial field. The 6 distal medium arterial arbors (anterior cerebral artery [ACA], M2–M4 middle cerebral artery [MCA], posterior cerebral artery [PCA], posterior inferior cerebellar artery [PICA], anterior inferior cerebellar artery [AICA], and superior cerebellar artery [SCA]) typically have 25 anatomic segments and give rise to 34 distinct arterial branches nourishing highly differentiated, largely superficial cerebral neuroanatomical regions. DMVOs produce clinical syndromes that are highly heterogenous but frequently disabling. While intravenous fibrinolytics are more effective for distal than proximal occlusions, they fail to recanalize one-half to two-thirds of DMVOs. Early clinical series using recently available, smaller, more navigable stent retriever and thromboaspiration devices suggest EVT for DMVOs is safe, technically efficacious, and potentially clinically beneficial. Collaborative investigations are desirable to enhance imaging recognition of DMVOs; advance device design and technical efficacy; conduct large registry studies using harmonized, common data elements; and complete formal randomized trials, improving treatment of this frequent mechanism of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Saver
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (J.L.S., D.S.L.)
| | - Rene Chapot
- Department of Neuroradiology and Intracranial Endovascular Therapy, Alfried Krupp Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany (R.C.)
| | - Ronit Agid
- Division of Neuroradiology, Toronto Western Hospital, JDMI, UHN, Canada (R.A.)
| | - Ameer Hassan
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Valley Baptist Medical Center, Harlingen (A.H.)
| | - Ashutosh P Jadhav
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA (A.P.J.)
| | - David S Liebeskind
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA (J.L.S., D.S.L.)
| | - Kyriakos Lobotesis
- Department of Neuroradiology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom (K.L.)
| | - Dan Meila
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Johanna-Étienne-Hospital, Neuss, Germany (D.M.)
| | - Lukas Meyer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany (L.M.)
| | - Guy Raphaeli
- Departments of Neurology (G.R.), Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Interventional Neuroradiology (G.R.), Rabin Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rishi Gupta
- Departments of Neurology (R.G.), WellStar Health System, Atlanta, GA.,Neuroradiology (R.G.), WellStar Health System, Atlanta, GA
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23
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Ganesh A, Menon BK, Assis ZA, Demchuk AM, Al-Ajlan FS, Al-Mekhlafi MA, Rempel JL, Shuaib A, Baxter BW, Devlin T, Thornton J, Williams D, Poppe AY, Roy D, Krings T, Casaubon LK, Kashani N, Hill MD, Goyal M. Discrepancy between post-treatment infarct volume and 90-day outcome in the ESCAPE randomized controlled trial. Int J Stroke 2020; 16:593-601. [PMID: 32515694 DOI: 10.1177/1747493020929943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some patients with ischemic stroke have poor outcomes despite small infarcts after endovascular thrombectomy, while others with large infarcts sometimes fare better. AIMS We explored factors associated with such discrepancies between post-treatment infarct volume (PIV) and functional outcome. METHODS We identified patients with small PIV (volume ≤ 25th percentile) and large PIV (volume ≥ 75th percentile) on 24-48-h CT/MRI in the ESCAPE randomized-controlled trial. Demographics, comorbidities, baseline, and 24-48-h stroke severity (NIHSS), stroke location, treatment type, post-stroke complications, and other outcome scales like Barthel Index, and EQ-5D were compared between "discrepant cases" - those with 90-day modified Rankin Scale(mRS) ≤ 2 despite large PIV or mRS ≥ 3 despite small PIV - and "non-discrepant cases". Multi-variable logistic regression was used to identify pre-treatment and post-treatment factors associated with small-PIV/mRS ≥ 3 and large-PIV/mRS ≤ 2. Sensitivity analyses used different definitions of small/large PIV and good/poor outcome. RESULTS Among 315 patients, median PIV was 21 mL; 27/79 (34.2%) patients with PIV ≤ 7 mL (25th percentile) had mRS ≥ 3; 12/80 (15.0%) with PIV ≥ 72 mL (75th percentile) had mRS ≤ 2. Discrepant cases did not differ by CT versus MRI-based PIV ascertainment, or right versus left-hemisphere involvement (p = 0.39, p = 0.81, respectively, for PIV ≤ 7 mL/mRS ≥ 3). Pre-treatment factors independently associated with small-PIV/mRS ≥ 3 included older age (p = 0.010), cancer, and vascular risk-factors; post-treatment factors included 48-h NIHSS (p = 0.007) and post-stroke complications (p = 0.026). Absence of vascular risk-factors (p = 0.004), CT-based lentiform nucleus sparing (p = 0.002), lower 24-hour NIHSS (p = 0.001), and absence of complications (p = 0.013) were associated with large-PIV/mRS ≤ 2. Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results. CONCLUSIONS Discrepancies between functional ability and PIV are likely explained by differences in age, comorbidities, and post-stroke complications, emphasizing the need for high-quality post-thrombectomy stroke care. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01778335.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Ganesh
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Bijoy K Menon
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Departments of Community Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Zarina A Assis
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Andrew M Demchuk
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Fahad S Al-Ajlan
- Department of Neurosciences, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Mekhlafi
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jeremy L Rempel
- Department of Radiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ashfaq Shuaib
- Stroke Program and Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Blaise W Baxter
- Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee, Erlanger Hospital, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Thomas Devlin
- Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee, Erlanger Hospital, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - John Thornton
- Department of Neuroradiology, Beaumont Hospital and the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David Williams
- Department of Geriatric & Stroke Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexandre Y Poppe
- Department of Neurosciences, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Daniel Roy
- Department of Radiology, CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Timo Krings
- Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Leanne K Casaubon
- Division of Neurology, Stroke Program, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nima Kashani
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Michael D Hill
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Departments of Community Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - Mayank Goyal
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Canada
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24
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Kaesmacher J, Kurmann C, Jungi N, Breiding P, Lang MF, Meier R, Dobrocky T, Piechowiak E, Zibold F, Bellwald S, Meinel TR, Heldner MR, Mordasini P, Arnold M, Mosimann PJ, Goyal M, Gralla J, Fischer U. Infarct in new territory after endovascular stroke treatment: A diffusion-weighted imaging study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8366. [PMID: 32433478 PMCID: PMC7239894 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64495-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Data on infarcts in new territory (INT) in patients undergoing endovascular stroke treatment for acute large-vessel occlusions are sparse. Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical relevance of INT. For this purpose, all patients in a single-center prospective registry who underwent endovascular stroke treatment and received pre- and post-interventional diffusion-weighted imaging were included (N = 259). Using an established scoring system, INT were classified according to size (I-III, ≤2 mm, >2 mm ≤20 mm, >20 mm) and likelihood of being related to the intervention (A, high likelihood; B, low likelihood). Additionally, a new type of infarct, that occurred in a territory distal to the occlusion, but was initially not hypoperfused, was defined as an infarct in initially not hypoperfused territory (IINHT). A total of 180 INT and 38 IINHT were observed in 32.8% (N = 85/259) of patients. In most patients, INT were angiographically occult (90.2%), and 13 patients had INT/IINHT larger than 2 cm (type III). Absence of protection during stent-retrieval and a cardio-embolic stroke origin were associated with higher incidence of INT/IINHT, whereas pretreatment with IV tPA showed no association, even when different bolus timing was considered. INT/IINHT were associated with lower rates of functional independence with increasing size type after adjusting for confounders (adjusted Odds Ratio per size group increase 0.63, 95% confidence interval 0.46-0.86). In conclusion, INT and IINHT are not rare, are associated with poor outcome with increasing size, and they may serve as a surrogate endpoint for safety evaluation of new devices and endovascular techniques. Further research on associated factors is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kaesmacher
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Kurmann
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Noel Jungi
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philipe Breiding
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias F Lang
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Meier
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging - Institute for Diagnostic and Inter-ventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Inselspital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tomas Dobrocky
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eike Piechowiak
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Felix Zibold
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Bellwald
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R Meinel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam R Heldner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pasquale Mordasini
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Arnold
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pascal J Mosimann
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mayank Goyal
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jan Gralla
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs Fischer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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25
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Ospel JM, Volny O, Qiu W, Najm M, Kashani N, Goyal M, Menon BK. Displaying Multiphase CT Angiography Using a Time-Variant Color Map: Practical Considerations and Potential Applications in Patients with Acute Stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:200-205. [PMID: 31919139 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Various imaging protocols exist for the identification of vessel occlusion and assessment of collateral flow in acute stroke. CT perfusion is particularly popular because the color maps are a striking visual indicator of pathology. Multiphase CTA has similar diagnostic and prognostic ability but requires more expertise to interpret. This article presents a new multiphase CTA display format that incorporates vascular information from all phases of the multiphase CTA series in a single time-variant color map, thereby facilitating multiphase CTA interpretation, particularly for less experienced readers. Exemplary cases of multiphase CTA from this new display format are compared with conventional multiphase CTA, CT perfusion, and follow-up imaging to demonstrate how time-variant multiphase CTA color maps facilitate assessment of collateral flow, detection of distal and multiple intracranial occlusions, differentiation of pseudo-occlusion from real occlusion, and assessment of flow relevance of stenoses, ante- and retrograde flow patterns, and clot permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Ospel
- From the Division of Neuroradiology, Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (J.M.O.), University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., O.V., W.Q., M.N., M.G.)
| | - O Volny
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., O.V., W.Q., M.N., M.G.).,International Clinical Research Centre (O.V.), Stroke Research Program, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - W Qiu
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., O.V., W.Q., M.N., M.G.)
| | - M Najm
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., O.V., W.Q., M.N., M.G.)
| | - N Kashani
- Radiology (N.K., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Goyal
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences (J.M.O., O.V., W.Q., M.N., M.G.).,Radiology (N.K., M.G.), University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - B K Menon
- Departments of Radiologyand Clinical Neurosciences, Radiology and Community Health Sciences (B.K.M.), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Hill
- From the Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medicine, Radiology and Community Health Sciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary and Foothills Medical Center, Alberta, Canada (M.D.H.)
| | - Patrik Michel
- Department of Neurology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Switzerland (P.M.)
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27
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize available evidence on the potential utility of pretreatment with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) using recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with large vessel occlusions (LVO) who are treated with mechanical thrombectomy. RECENT FINDINGS Despite theoretical concerns of a higher bleeding risk with IVT pretreatment, there are no data showing increased risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) in patients with LVO receiving bridging therapy (IVT and mechanical thrombectomy) compared with direct mechanical thrombectomy (dMT). Additionally, evidence from observational studies suggest lower rates of infarctions in previously unaffected territories and higher rates of successful reperfusion, with lower number of device passes, in patients receiving bridging therapy. There are substantial discrepancies in studies comparing clinical outcomes between dMT and bridging therapy that are directly related to the inclusion of patients with contraindications to IVT in the dMT group. Ongoing clinical trials will provide definitive answers on the potential additional benefit of IVT in LVO patients receiving mechanical thrombectomy. SUMMARY IVT and mechanical thrombectomy are two effective reperfusion therapies that should be used in a swift and noncompeting fashion in AIS patients. AIS patients with LVO and no contraindications for IVT should receive promptly rt-PA bolus followed by immediate initiation of mechanical thrombectomy as indicated by current international recommendations, unless future randomized controlled trials provide evidence to proceed differently.
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Goyal N, Tsivgoulis G, Chang JJ, Malhotra K, Goyanes J, Pandhi A, Krishnan R, Ishfaq MF, Hoit D, Nickele C, Inoa-Acosta V, Katsanos AH, Elijovich L, Alexandrov A, Arthur AS. Intravenous thrombolysis pretreatment and other predictors of infarct in a new previously unaffected territory (INT) in ELVO strokes treated with mechanical thrombectomy. J Neurointerv Surg 2019; 12:142-147. [PMID: 31243068 DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2019-014935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION One uncommon complication of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is an infarct in a new previously unaffected territory (infarct in new territory (INT)). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the predictors of INT with special focus on intravenous thrombolysis(IVT)pretreatmentbefore MT. METHODS Consecutive patients with emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) treated with MT during a 5-year period were evaluated. INT was defined using standardized methodology proposed by ESCAPE investigators. The predictors of INT and its impact on outcomes were investigated. RESULTS A total of 419 consecutive patients with ELVO received MT (mean age 64±15 years, 50% men, median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 16 points (IQR 11-20), 69% pretreated with IVT). The incidence of INT was lower in patients treated with combination therapy (IVTandMT) than in patients treated with MT alone, respectively (10% vs 20%; p=0.011). The INT group had more patients with posterior circulation occlusions than the group without INT (28% vs 10%, respectively; p<0.001). The rates of 3-month functional independence were lower in patients with INT (30% vs 50%; p=0.007). IVT pretreatment was not independently related to INT (OR=0.75; 95% CI 0.32 to 1.76), and INT did not emerge as an independent predictor of 3-month functional independence (OR=0.69; 95% CI 0.29 to 1.62) on multivariable logistic regression models. Location of posterior circulation occlusion was independently associated with a higher odds of INT (OR=3.33; 95% CI 1.43 to 7.69; p=0.005). CONCLUSIONS IVT pretreatment is not independently associated with a lower likelihood of INT in patients with ELVO treated with MT. Patients with ELVO with posterior circulation occlusion are more likely to have INT after MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Goyal
- Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Georgios Tsivgoulis
- Second Department of Neurology, "Attikon" Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jason J Chang
- Critical Care, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Konark Malhotra
- West Virginia University Health Sciences Center Charleston Division, Charleston, West Virginia, USA
| | - Juan Goyanes
- Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Abhi Pandhi
- Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rashi Krishnan
- Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Medicine Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Muhammad F Ishfaq
- Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Daniel Hoit
- Neurosurgery, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | - Aristeidis H Katsanos
- Department of Neurology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Adam S Arthur
- UT Department of Neurosurgery/Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Puntonet J, Richard ME, Edjlali M, Ben Hassen W, Legrand L, Benzakoun J, Rodriguez-Régent C, Trystram D, Naggara O, Méder JF, Boulouis G, Oppenheim C. Imaging Findings After Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2019; 50:1618-1625. [PMID: 31060439 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.024754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Puntonet
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Marie-Edith Richard
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Myriam Edjlali
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Wagih Ben Hassen
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Laurence Legrand
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Joseph Benzakoun
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Christine Rodriguez-Régent
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Denis Trystram
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Olivier Naggara
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Jean-Francois Méder
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Grégoire Boulouis
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
| | - Catherine Oppenheim
- From the Imaging Department, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266 INSERM, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Paris Descartes University, France
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Kawabata Y, Nakajima N, Miyake H, Fukuda S, Tsukahara T. Endovascular treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in octogenarians and nonagenarians compared with younger patients. Neuroradiol J 2019; 32:303-308. [PMID: 30987508 DOI: 10.1177/1971400919840847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Endovascular therapy for emergent large vessel occlusion has been established as the standard approach for acute ischaemic stroke. However, the effectiveness and safety of endovascular therapy in the very elderly population has not been proved. Objective: To determine the safety and effectiveness of endovascular therapy in octogenarians and nonagenarians. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent endovascular therapy at two stroke centres between April 2012 and July 2018. Functional outcome was assessed using the modified Rankin scale at 90 days after stroke or at discharge. A favourable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin scale score of 0-2 or not worsening of the modified Rankin scale score before stroke. Outcome was compared between younger patients (aged 46-79 years, n = 40) and octogenarians and nonagenarians (aged 80-97 years, n = 19). Results: Octogenarian and nonagenarian patients had pre-stroke functional deficit (modified Rankin scale score >1) more frequently than younger patients (57.9% vs. 20.0%, respectively, P = 0.0059). No difference was observed between very elderly and younger patients in the rate of successful reperfusion (89.5% vs. 67.5%, respectively, P = 0.11), favourable functional outcome (47.4% vs. 45.0%, respectively, P = 1.00) and mortality (21.1% vs. 27.5%, respectively, P = 1.00). On multiple regression analysis, successful reperfusion, concomitant use of intravenous thrombolysis, and out-of-hospital onset were independent predictors of favourable outcome (P = 0.0003, 0.015 and 0.028, respectively). Conclusions: Successful reperfusion, concomitant use of intravenous thrombolysis, and out-of-hospital onset were clinical predictors of favourable outcome. However, we did not observe an age-dependent effect of clinical outcome after endovascular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kawabata
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Japan.,2 Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan
| | - Norio Nakajima
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto Katsura Hospital, Japan
| | | | - Shunichi Fukuda
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Tsukahara
- 2 Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Japan
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31
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Kaesmacher J, Chaloulos-Iakovidis P, Panos L, Mordasini P, Heldner MR, Kurmann CC, Michel P, Hajdu SD, Ribo M, Requena M, Maegerlein C, Friedrich B, Costalat V, Benali A, Pierot L, Gawlitza M, Schaafsma J, Pereira VM, Gralla J, Fischer U. Clinical effect of successful reperfusion in patients presenting with NIHSS < 8: data from the BEYOND-SWIFT registry. J Neurol 2019; 266:598-608. [PMID: 30617997 PMCID: PMC6394689 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-018-09172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE If patients presenting with large vessel occlusions (LVO) and mild symptoms should be treated with endvoascular treatment (EVT) remains unclear. Aims of this study were (1) assessing the safety and technical efficacy of EVT in patients with NIHSS < 8 as opposed to a comparison group of patients presenting with NIHSS ≥ 8 and (2) evaluation of the clinical effect of reperfusion in patients with NIHSS < 8. METHODS Patients included into the retrospective multicenter BEYOND-SWIFT registry (NCT03496064) were analyzed. Clinical effect of achieving successful reperfusion (defined as modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grade 2b/3) in patients presenting with NIHSS < 8 (N = 193) was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression analyses (displayed as adjusted Odds Ratios, aOR and 95% confidence intervals, 95%-CI). Primary outcome was excellent functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale, mRS 0-1) at day 90. Safety and efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy in patients with NIHSS < 8 was compared to patients presenting with NIHSS ≥ 8 (N = 1423). RESULTS Among patients with NIHSS < 8 (N = 193, 77/193, 39.9% receiving pre-interventional IV-tPA), successful reperfusion was significantly related to mRS 0-1 (aOR 3.217, 95%-CI 1.174-8.816) and reduced the chances of non-hemorrhagic neurological worsening (aOR 0.194, 95%-CI 0.050-0.756) after adjusting for prespecified confounders. In interaction analyses, the relative merits of achieving successful reperfusion were mostly comparable between patients presenting with NIHSS < 8 and NIHSS ≥ 8 as evidenced by non-significantly different aOR. Interventional safety and efficacy metrics were similar between patients with NIHSS < 8 and NIHSS ≥ 8. CONCLUSIONS Achieving successful reperfusion is beneficial in patients with persisting LVO presenting with NIHSS < 8 and reduces the risk of non-hemorrhagic neurological worsening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kaesmacher
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Panagiotis Chaloulos-Iakovidis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Leonidas Panos
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pasquale Mordasini
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam R Heldner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christoph C Kurmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrik Michel
- Department of Neurology, CHUV Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Steven D Hajdu
- Department of Radiology, CHUV Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marc Ribo
- Department of Neurology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Requena
- Department of Neurology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Maegerlein
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Friedrich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vincent Costalat
- Department of Neuroradiology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Amel Benali
- Department of Neuroradiology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Joanna Schaafsma
- Department of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vitor Mendes Pereira
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jan Gralla
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs Fischer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, Inselspital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 8, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
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32
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Ganesh A, Menon BK, Goyal M, Demchuk AM, Hill MD. Reader response: Comparative safety and efficacy of combined IVT and MT with direct MT in large vessel occlusion. Neurology 2018; 91:1114-1115. [PMID: 30530558 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000006652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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33
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Seners P, Turc G, Naggara O, Henon H, Piotin M, Arquizan C, Cho TH, Narata AP, Lapergue B, Richard S, Legrand L, Bricout N, Blanc R, Dargazanli C, Gory B, Debiais S, Tisserand M, Bracard S, Leclerc X, Obadia M, Costalat V, Berner LP, Cottier JP, Consoli A, Ducrocq X, Mas JL, Oppenheim C, Baron JC, Abrivard M, Alamowitch S, Ben Hassen W, Berthezene Y, Blanc-Lasserre K, Boulin A, Boulouis G, Bouly S, Bourdain F, Calvet D, Charron V, Chbicheb M, Condette-Auliac S, Corabianu O, Cordonnier C, Coskun O, De Broucker T, Decroix JP, Di Maria F, Evrard S, Fissellier M, Girard I, Lalu T, Le Coz P, Le Guen M, Ille O, Leys D, Magni C, Manchon E, Mazighi M, Mounier-Vehier F, Moynier M, Muresan IP, Nighoghossian N, Ong E, Ozsancak C, Philippeau F, Pico F, Rodesch G, Rosolacci T, Sabben C, Sablot D, Tassan P, Tchikviladze M, Turjman F, Vallet AE, Wang A, Zins M, Zuber M. Post-Thrombolysis Recanalization in Stroke Referrals for Thrombectomy. Stroke 2018; 49:2975–2982. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.022335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Whether all acute stroke patients with large vessel occlusion need to undergo intravenous thrombolysis before mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is debated as (1) the incidence of post-thrombolysis early recanalization (ER) is still unclear; (2) thrombolysis may be harmful in patients unlikely to recanalize; and, conversely, (3) transfer for MT may be unnecessary in patients highly likely to recanalize. Here, we determined the incidence and predictors of post-thrombolysis ER in patients referred for MT and derive ER prediction scores for trial design.
Methods—
Registries from 4 MT-capable centers gathering patients referred for MT and thrombolyzed either on site (mothership) or in a non MT-capable center (drip-and-ship) after magnetic resonance– or computed tomography–based imaging between 2015 and 2017. ER was identified on either first angiographic run or noninvasive imaging. In the magnetic resonance imaging subsample, thrombus length was determined on T2*-based susceptibility vessel sign. Independent predictors of no-ER were identified using multivariable logistic regression models, and scores were developed according to the magnitude of regression coefficients. Similar registries from 4 additional MT-capable centers were used as validation cohort.
Results—
In the derivation cohort (N=633), ER incidence was ≈20%. In patients with susceptibility vessel sign (n=498), no-ER was independently predicted by long thrombus, proximal occlusion, and mothership paradigm. A 6-point score derived from these variables showed strong discriminative power for no-ER (C statistic, 0.854) and was replicated in the validation cohort (n=353; C statistic, 0.888). A second score derived from the whole sample (including negative T2* or computed tomography–based imaging) also showed good discriminative power and was similarly validated. Highest grades on both scores predicted no-ER with >90% specificity, whereas low grades did not reliably predict ER.
Conclusions—
The substantial ER rate underlines the benefits derived from thrombolysis in bridging populations. Both prediction scores afforded high specificity for no-ER, but not for ER, which has implications for trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Seners
- From the Neurology Department (P.S., G.T., J.-L.M., J.-C.B.), INSERM U894, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Turc
- From the Neurology Department (P.S., G.T., J.-L.M., J.-C.B.), INSERM U894, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Naggara
- Radiology Department (O.N., L.L., C.O.), INSERM U894, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Hilde Henon
- Stroke Unit, Neurology Department (H.H.), Roger Salengro Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Michel Piotin
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department (M.P., R.B.), Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Arquizan
- Neurology Department (C.A.), CHRU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - Tae-Hee Cho
- Stroke Medicine Department (T.-H.C.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | - Ana-Paula Narata
- Neuroradiology Department (A.-P.N., J.-P.C.), Bretonneau Hospital, Tours, France
| | | | | | - Laurence Legrand
- Radiology Department (O.N., L.L., C.O.), INSERM U894, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Bricout
- Neuroradiology Department (N.B., X.L.), Roger Salengro Hospital, Lille, France
- Neuroradiology Department, CHU Lille, France (N.B., X.L.)
| | - Raphaël Blanc
- Interventional Neuroradiology Department (M.P., R.B.), Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Dargazanli
- Neuroradiology Department (C.D., V.C.), CHRU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - Benjamin Gory
- Stroke Medicine Department (T.-H.C.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
- Neuroradiology Department (B.G., S.B.), University Hospital of Nancy, France
| | | | - Marie Tisserand
- Neuroradiology Department (A.C., M.T.), Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Serge Bracard
- Stroke Medicine Department (T.-H.C.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
- Neuroradiology Department (B.G., S.B.), University Hospital of Nancy, France
| | - Xavier Leclerc
- Neuroradiology Department (N.B., X.L.), Roger Salengro Hospital, Lille, France
- Neurology Department (C.A.), CHRU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Obadia
- Neurology Department (M.O.), Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Costalat
- Neuroradiology Department (C.D., V.C.), CHRU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
| | - Lise-Prune Berner
- Neuroradiology Department (L.-P.B.), Hospices Civils de Lyon, France
| | | | - Arturo Consoli
- Neuroradiology Department (A.C., M.T.), Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Xavier Ducrocq
- Neurology Department, Metz-Thionville Hospital, France (X.D.)
| | - Jean-Louis Mas
- From the Neurology Department (P.S., G.T., J.-L.M., J.-C.B.), INSERM U894, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Oppenheim
- From the Neurology Department (P.S., G.T., J.-L.M., J.-C.B.), INSERM U894, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Radiology Department (O.N., L.L., C.O.), INSERM U894, Sainte-Anne Hospital, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Maegerlein C, Berndt MT, Mönch S, Kreiser K, Boeckh-Behrens T, Lehm M, Wunderlich S, Zimmer C, Friedrich B. Further Development of Combined Techniques Using Stent Retrievers, Aspiration Catheters and BGC : The PROTECT PLUS Technique. Clin Neuroradiol 2018; 30:59-65. [PMID: 30413831 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-018-0742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE First pass complete (mTICI 3) reperfusion must be regarded as the ultimate goal in mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients suffering from an emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO). With this in mind a technical modification of the previously published PROTECT (PRoximal balloon Occlusion TogEther with direCt Thrombus aspiration during stent retriever thrombectomy) approach, the PROTECTPLUS technique was evaluated. Under proximal flow arrest using a balloon guide catheter (BGC), a stent retriever was only partially inserted into a large-bore aspiration catheter. This construction was subsequently retracted as a unit into the BGC with aspiration both at the aspiration catheter and at the BGC. METHODS A case-control study was performed comparing the PROTECT technique with the PROTECTPLUS technique with respect to the technical and procedural parameters. Patients n = 165 (101 PROTECT, 64 PROTECTPLUS) with ELVO of either the terminus of the internal carotid artery or the proximal middle cerebral artery were included. RESULTS Using the PROTECTPLUS resulted in a higher rate of first pass complete reperfusions (59.4% vs. 27.7%, p < 0.001) as compared with PROTECT. The PROTECTPLUS also led to shorter procedure times (21 min vs. 37 min, p = 0.001) and higher rates of overall complete reperfusion (73.5% vs. 49.5%, p = 0.014) compared to PROTECT. CONCLUSION The PROTECTPLUS technique is a promising technical modification to further optimize endovascular stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Maegerlein
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
| | - Maria Teresa Berndt
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Mönch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Kornelia Kreiser
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Boeckh-Behrens
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Manuel Lehm
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Silke Wunderlich
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Benjamin Friedrich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany
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Gariel F, Lapergue B, Bourcier R, Berge J, Barreau X, Mazighi M, Kyheng M, Labreuche J, Fahed R, Blanc R, Gory B, Duhamel A, Saleme S, Costalat V, Bracard S, Desal H, Detraz L, Consoli A, Piotin M, Marnat G. Mechanical Thrombectomy Outcomes With or Without Intravenous Thrombolysis. Stroke 2018; 49:2383-2390. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.021500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose—
Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) within 4.5 hours of symptom onset is currently recommended before mechanical thrombectomy (MT). We compared functional outcome, neurological recovery, reperfusion, and adverse events according to the use or not of IVT before MT.
Methods—
This is a post hoc analysis of the ASTER trial (Contact Aspiration Versus Stent Retriever for Successful Revascularization). The primary outcome was favorable 90-day functional outcome defined as a modified Rankin Scale of ≤2. Secondary outcomes were successful reperfusion following all procedures and after the first-line procedure, number of device passes, and change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score at 24 hours. Safety outcomes included 90-day mortality and any symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage.
Results—
Three hundred eighty-one patients were included, 250 of whom received IVT before MT (IVT+MT group). There were no significant differences between IVT+MT and MT-alone groups in 90-day favorable functional outcome, in successful reperfusion rate (modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction 2b or 3), in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score improvement at 24 hours, or in hemorrhagic complication rate. The 90-day mortality rate in the IVT+MT group was lower than after MT alone (fully-adjusted risk ratio, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.39–0.88). In a subgroup of patients without anticoagulant medication before stroke onset, we observed in the IVT+MT group a better functional outcome (fully-adjusted risk ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.02–1.89), a higher successful recanalization rate after first-line strategy (fully-adjusted risk ratio, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.05–1.50), and a lower mortality rate (fully-adjusted risk ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.36–0.93).
Conclusions—
Our results show that IVT+MT patients in the ASTER trial have lower 90-day mortality compared with those receiving MT alone. In a selected population of patients without prestroke anticoagulation, we demonstrated that IVT associated with MT might improve functional outcome and recanalization while reducing mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Gariel
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, France (F.G., J.B., X.B., G.M.)
| | - Bertrand Lapergue
- Department of Stroke Center, University of Versailles and Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France (B.L., A.C.)
| | - Romain Bourcier
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Guillaume et René Laennec University Hospital, Nantes, France (R.B., H.D., L.D.)
| | - Jérôme Berge
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, France (F.G., J.B., X.B., G.M.)
| | - Xavier Barreau
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, France (F.G., J.B., X.B., G.M.)
| | - Mikael Mazighi
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Rothschild Foundation, Paris, France (M.M., R.F., R.B., M.P.)
| | - Maéva Kyheng
- Department of Biostatistics, University Lille, CHU Lille, EA2694-Santé Publique: Epidémiologie et Qualité des Soins, France (M.K., J.L., A.D.)
| | - Julien Labreuche
- Department of Biostatistics, University Lille, CHU Lille, EA2694-Santé Publique: Epidémiologie et Qualité des Soins, France (M.K., J.L., A.D.)
| | - Robert Fahed
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Rothschild Foundation, Paris, France (M.M., R.F., R.B., M.P.)
| | - Raphael Blanc
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Rothschild Foundation, Paris, France (M.M., R.F., R.B., M.P.)
| | | | - Alain Duhamel
- Department of Biostatistics, University Lille, CHU Lille, EA2694-Santé Publique: Epidémiologie et Qualité des Soins, France (M.K., J.L., A.D.)
| | - Suzana Saleme
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Limoges, France (S.S.)
| | - Vincent Costalat
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France (V.C.)
| | | | - Hubert Desal
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Guillaume et René Laennec University Hospital, Nantes, France (R.B., H.D., L.D.)
| | - Lili Detraz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Guillaume et René Laennec University Hospital, Nantes, France (R.B., H.D., L.D.)
| | - Arturo Consoli
- Department of Stroke Center, University of Versailles and Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France (B.L., A.C.)
| | - Michel Piotin
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Rothschild Foundation, Paris, France (M.M., R.F., R.B., M.P.)
| | - Gaultier Marnat
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, France (F.G., J.B., X.B., G.M.)
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Di Maria F, Mazighi M, Kyheng M, Labreuche J, Rodesch G, Consoli A, Coskun O, Gory B, Lapergue B. Intravenous Thrombolysis Prior to Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Silver Bullet or Useless Bystander? J Stroke 2018; 20:385-393. [PMID: 30309233 PMCID: PMC6186914 DOI: 10.5853/jos.2018.01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent single-center series and meta-analyses suggest that mechanical thrombectomy (MT) without prior intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) might be equally effective to bridging therapy. We analyzed, within the Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke (ETIS) prospective observational registry, the angiographic and clinical outcomes after IVT+MT versus MT alone. METHODS From December 2012 to December 2016, a total of 1,507 consecutive patients with a proximal arterial occlusion of the anterior circulation were treated by MT. Of these, 975 (64.7%) received prior IVT. Immediate angiographic and clinical outcomes at 90 days (modified Rankin Scale [mRS]) were compared between the two groups while checking for propensity score, matched-propensity score and by inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) propensity score method. RESULTS Favorable outcome (mRS 0 to 2) was more frequently achieved after IVT+MT (n=523, 53.6%) than after MT alone (n=222, 41.8%) with an unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for bridging therapy of 1.61 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1. 29 to 2.01). This difference remained not significant in matched-propensity score cohort (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.90 to 1.63) although it remained according to adjusted propensity score (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.68) and IPTW (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.73) analyses. A significant difference was found in terms of excellent outcome (mRS 0 to 1) (adjusted OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.11) and successful reperfusion (adjusted OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.33 to 2.15). No differences in intracerebral hemorrhage or in allcause mortality within 90 days were found between groups. CONCLUSION s IVT prior to MT is associated with increased excellent outcome and successful reperfusion rates. These findings support the use of bridging therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Di Maria
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Mikael Mazighi
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Fondation Ophtalmologique A. De Rothschild, DHU Neurovasc, Paris 7 Denis Diderot University, Paris, France.,University of Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Georges Rodesch
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Arturo Consoli
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Oguzhan Coskun
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
| | - Benjamin Gory
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France.,University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Mechanical thrombectomy has become the standard of care for acute ischemic stroke with proximal large vessel occlusions (LVO). This article reviews recent research relating to thrombectomy. RECENT FINDINGS Thrombectomy for anterior circulation stroke with proximal LVO was first shown to be highly efficacious within 6 h of stroke onset, but "late-window" trials have further demonstrated efficacy until 24-h postonset in select patients with salvageable tissue. However, the concept of "time is brain" remains critical. Thrombectomy trials have further stimulated worldwide efforts to develop systems of care for rapid treatment of eligible patients. Thrombectomy is cost-effective and likely to have long-term efficacy for both disability and mortality outcomes. Thrombectomy is a highly efficacious acute stroke therapy. Enduring uncertainties include efficacy in patients with premorbid disability, posterior circulation, or more distal occlusions; use of bridging thrombolysis; and optimal techniques to achieve consistent revascularization and address tandem occlusions or stenoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Ganesh
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Mayank Goyal
- Calgary Stroke Program, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. .,Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. .,Seaman Family MR Research Centre, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, 1403 29th St NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 2T9, Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang G. Kunz
- From the Departments of Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, AB, Canada (W.G.K., M.A.A., M.G.)
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany (W.G.K.)
| | - Mohammed A. Almekhlafi
- From the Departments of Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, AB, Canada (W.G.K., M.A.A., M.G.)
| | - Mayank Goyal
- From the Departments of Radiology and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, AB, Canada (W.G.K., M.A.A., M.G.)
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intravenous tissue-plasminogen activator (tPA) remains the only approved systemic reperfusion therapy suitable for most patients presenting timely with acute ischemic stroke. Accumulating real-word experience for over 20 years regarding tPA safety and effectiveness led to re-appraisal of original contraindications for intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). Areas covered: This narrative review focuses on fast yet appropriate selection of patients for safe administration of tPA per recently expanded indications. Novel strategies for rapid patient assessment will be discussed. The potential for mobile stroke units (MSU) that shorten onset-to-needle time and increase tPA treatment rates is addressed. The use of IVT in the era of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) is highlighted. The continuing role of IVT in large vessel occlusion (LVO) patients eligible for mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is discussed with regards to 'drip and ship' vs. 'mothership' treatment paradigms. Promising studies of penumbral imaging to extend IVT beyond the 4.5-hour window and in wake-up strokes are summarized. Expert commentary: This review provides an update on the role of IVT in specific conditions originally considered tPA contraindications. Novel practice challenges including NOAC's, MSU proliferation and bridging therapy (IVT&MT) for LVO patients, and the potential extension of IVT time-window using penumbral imaging are emerging as safe and potentially effective IVT applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Tsivgoulis
- a Second Department of Neurology , National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, "Attikon" University Hospital , Athens , Greece.,b Department of Neurology , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
| | | | - Andrei V Alexandrov
- b Department of Neurology , University of Tennessee Health Science Center , Memphis , TN , USA
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40
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Chalumeau V, Blanc R, Redjem H, Ciccio G, Smajda S, Desilles JP, Botta D, Escalard S, Boisseau W, Maïer B, Labreuche J, Obadia M, Piotin M, Mazighi M. Anterior cerebral artery embolism during thrombectomy increases disability and mortality. J Neurointerv Surg 2018; 10:1057-1062. [DOI: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2018-013793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveDuring thrombectomy, thromboembolic migration in previously unaffected territory may occur and is not systematically notified. We report our data on the incidence, predictors, and clinical outcome of anterior cerebral artery emboli (ACAE).MethodsFrom a prospectively collected thrombectomy database of consecutive patients with anterior circulation stroke between January 2012 and December 2016, 690 angiographic images were analyzed to assess ACAE. The primary outcome was a favorable outcome, defined as a 3 month modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2 or equal to the pre-stroke score.ResultsACAE occurred in 65 patients (9.4%; 95% CI 7.2% to 11.6%). Internal carotid artery occlusion (tandem or terminal), Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score <7, increasing number of passes, and use of stent retriever alone (compared with distal aspiration alone or combined with stent retriever) were found to be independent predictors of ACAE. Compared with patients without ACAE, patients with ACAE had lower rates, with an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 0.48 (0.25 to 0.92; P=0.027) for favorable outcome and 0.49 (0.25 to 0.96; P=0.038) for early neurologic improvement. ACAE was significantly associated with a higher mortality (adjusted OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.03 to 3.61; P=0.039) and intracranial hemorrhagic complications (adjusted OR 2.45; 95% CI 1.33 to 4.47; P=0.004). Despite a successful reperfusion modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction score of 2b–3 at the end of the procedure, a favorable outcome was reached in 30% of patients with ACAE compared with 52.4% in the other patients (OR 0.39; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.78; P=0.008).ConclusionsProcedural ACAE was not an uncommon condition, and was associated with increased mortality and disability rates, regardless of the success of reperfusion.
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41
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Goyal N, Tsivgoulis G, Frei D, Turk A, Baxter B, Froehler MT, Mocco J, Pandhi A, Zand R, Malhotra K, Hoit D, Elijovich L, Loy D, Turner RD, Mascitelli J, Espaillat K, Katsanos AH, Alexandrov AW, Alexandrov AV, Arthur AS. Comparative safety and efficacy of combined IVT and MT with direct MT in large vessel occlusion. Neurology 2018; 90:e1274-e1282. [PMID: 29549221 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this multicenter study, we sought to evaluate comparative safety and efficacy of combined IV thrombolysis (IVT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) vs direct MT in emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) patients. METHODS Consecutive ELVO patients treated with MT at 6 high-volume endovascular centers were evaluated. Standard safety and efficacy outcomes (successful reperfusion [modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction IIb/III], functional independence [FI] [modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0-2 at 3 months], favorable functional outcome [mRS of 0-1 at 3 months], functional improvement [mRS shift by 1-point decrease in mRS score]) were compared between patients who underwent combined IVT and MT vs MT alone. Additional propensity score-matched analyses were performed. RESULTS A total of 292 and 277 patients were treated with combination therapy and direct MT, respectively. The combination therapy group had greater functional improvement (p = 0.037) at 3 months. After propensity score matching, 104 patients in the direct MT group were matched to 208 patients in the combination therapy group. IVT pretreatment was independently (p < 0.05) associated with higher odds of FI (odds ratio [OR] 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-2.99) and functional improvement (common OR 1.64; 95% CI 1.05-2.56). Combination therapy was independently (p < 0.05) related to lower likelihood of 3-month mortality (0.50; 95% CI 0.26-0.96). CONCLUSIONS This observational study provides preliminary evidence that IVT pretreatment may improve outcomes in ELVO patients treated with MT. The question of the potential effect of IVT on ELVO patients treated with MT should be addressed with a randomized controlled trial. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class III evidence that for stroke patients with emergent large vessel occlusion, combined IVT and MT is superior to direct MT in improving functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Goyal
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Georgios Tsivgoulis
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Donald Frei
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Aquilla Turk
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Blaise Baxter
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Michael T Froehler
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - J Mocco
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Abhi Pandhi
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Ramin Zand
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Konark Malhotra
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Daniel Hoit
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Lucas Elijovich
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - David Loy
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Raymond D Turner
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Justin Mascitelli
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Kiersten Espaillat
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Aristeidis H Katsanos
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Anne W Alexandrov
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Andrei V Alexandrov
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis
| | - Adam S Arthur
- From the Department of Neurology (N.G., G.T., A.P., R.Z., L.E., A.W.A., A.V.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis; Second Department of Neurology (G.T., A.H.K.), "Attikon University Hospital," School of Medicine, University of Athens, Greece; International Clinical Research Center (G.T.), St. Anne's Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (D.F., D.L.), Radiology Imaging Associates, Englewood, CO; Department of Neurosurgery (A.T., R.D.T.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology (B.B.), Erlanger Hospital, Chattanooga; Cerebrovascular Program (M.T.F., K.E.), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN; Department of Neurosurgery (J. Mocco, J. Mascitelli), Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY; Charleston Area Medical Center (K.M.), West Virginia University; and Department of Neurosurgery (D.H., L.E., A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Kallmes
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Matthew J Gounis
- Department of Radiology, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Fischer U, Kaesmacher J, Molina CA, Selim MH, Alexandrov AV, Tsivgoulis G. Primary Thrombectomy in tPA (Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator) Eligible Stroke Patients With Proximal Intracranial Occlusions. Stroke 2018; 49:265-269. [DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.018564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Urs Fischer
- From the Department of Neurology (U.F.) and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Switzerland; Vall d´Hebron Stroke Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron Passeig Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Spain (C.A.M.); Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.H.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (A.V.A., G.T.); and Second Department of
| | - Johannes Kaesmacher
- From the Department of Neurology (U.F.) and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Switzerland; Vall d´Hebron Stroke Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron Passeig Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Spain (C.A.M.); Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.H.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (A.V.A., G.T.); and Second Department of
| | - Carlos A. Molina
- From the Department of Neurology (U.F.) and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Switzerland; Vall d´Hebron Stroke Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron Passeig Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Spain (C.A.M.); Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.H.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (A.V.A., G.T.); and Second Department of
| | - Magdy H. Selim
- From the Department of Neurology (U.F.) and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Switzerland; Vall d´Hebron Stroke Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron Passeig Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Spain (C.A.M.); Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.H.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (A.V.A., G.T.); and Second Department of
| | - Andrei V. Alexandrov
- From the Department of Neurology (U.F.) and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Switzerland; Vall d´Hebron Stroke Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron Passeig Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Spain (C.A.M.); Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.H.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (A.V.A., G.T.); and Second Department of
| | - Georgios Tsivgoulis
- From the Department of Neurology (U.F.) and Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (J.K.), Inselspital, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Switzerland; Vall d´Hebron Stroke Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron Passeig Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Spain (C.A.M.); Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (M.H.S.); Department of Neurology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (A.V.A., G.T.); and Second Department of
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Balami JS, White PM, McMeekin PJ, Ford GA, Buchan AM. Complications of endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke: Prevention and management. Int J Stroke 2017; 13:348-361. [PMID: 29171362 DOI: 10.1177/1747493017743051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for the treatment of acute stroke due to large vessel occlusion has evolved significantly with the publication of multiple positive thrombectomy trials. MT is now a recommended treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Mechanical thrombectomy is associated with a number of intra-procedural or post-operative complications, which need to be minimized and effectively managed to maximize the benefits of thrombectomy. Procedural complications include: access-site problems (vessel/nerve injury, access-site hematoma and groin infection); device-related complications (vasospasm, arterial perforation and dissection, device detachment/misplacement); symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage; subarachnoid hemorrhage; embolization to new or target vessel territory. Other complications include: anesthetic/contrast-related, post-operative hemorrhage, extra-cranial hemorrhage and pseudoaneurysm. Some complications are life-threatening and many lead to increased length of stay in intensive care and stroke units. Complications increase costs and delay the commencement of rehabilitation. Some may be preventable; the impact of others can be minimized with early detection and appropriate management. Both neurointerventionists and stroke specialists need to be aware of the risk factors, strategies for prevention, and management of these complications. With the increasing use of mechanical thrombectomy for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, incidence and outcome of complications will need to be carefully monitored by stroke teams. In this narrative review, we examine the frequency of complications of MT in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke with an emphasis on periprocedural complications. Overall, from recent randomized controlled trials, the risk of complications with sequelae for patient from mechanical thrombectomy is ∼15%. We discuss the management of complications and identify areas with limited evidence, which need further research. Search strategy and selection criteria Relevant evidence was found by searches of Medline and Cochrane Library, reference list, cross-referencing and main journal content pages. Search terms included "brain ischemia", "acute ischemic stroke", "cerebral infarction" AND "mechanical thrombectomy", "endovascular therapy", "endovascular treatment", "endovascular embolectomy", "intra-arterial" AND "randomized controlled trial", "non-randomised trials", "observational studies" AND "complications", "procedural complications", "peri-procedural complications", "device-related complications", "management", "treatment", "outcome". The search included only human studies, and was limited to studies published in English between January 2014 and November 2016. The final reference list was selected on the basis of relevance to the topics covered in the Review. Guidelines for management of acute ischaemic stroke by the American Heart Association, the European Stroke Organisation, multi-disciplinary guidelines and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) were also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce S Balami
- 1 Centre for Evidence Based Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,2 Norfolk and Norwich University Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Norwich, UK
| | - Philip M White
- 3 Stroke Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Peter J McMeekin
- 4 School of Health, Community and Education Studies, Northumbria University, London, UK
| | - Gary A Ford
- 5 John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, UK.,6 Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alastair M Buchan
- 7 Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,8 Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION For the past 20 years, intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has been the only proven treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Large arteries such as the internal carotid artery, the middle cerebral artery and the basilar artery supply blood to large volumes of brain tissue. When occluded, these vessels may have low response rates to rt-PA resulting in devastating injury and death. Areas covered: In 2013, three trials evaluating the efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy in acute stroke were neutral, however, lessons learned from these trials resulted in a second generation of five trials in 2015 and a sixth in 2016 which all demonstrated significant benefit for select patients. Here we will review the evidence behind these new trials and. introduce new questions such as models of care, techniques of thrombectomy, the role of rt-PA, modes of anesthesia, the management of late presenting and wake up strokes among other real world challenges facing stroke medicine now that the thrombectomy is an evidence based treamtnent Expert commentary: The mechanical thrombectomy is now the new standard of care and with that comes the need to find ways to provide it to all who will benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory B Walker
- a University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | | | - Tudor G Jovin
- a University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Ain A Neuhaus
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yvonne Couch
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Gina Hadley
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alastair M Buchan
- Acute Stroke Programme, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Acute Vascular Imaging Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, UK
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Barreto AD, Ford GA, Shen L, Pedroza C, Tyson J, Cai C, Rahbar MH, Grotta JC. Randomized, Multicenter Trial of ARTSS-2 (Argatroban With Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Acute Stroke). Stroke 2017; 48:1608-1616. [PMID: 28507269 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.016720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We conducted a randomized exploratory study to assess safety and the probability of a favorable outcome with adjunctive argatroban, a direct thrombin-inhibitor, administered to recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (r-tPA)-treated ischemic stroke patients. METHODS Patients treated with standard-dose r-tPA, not receiving endovascular therapy, were randomized to receive no argatroban or argatroban (100 μg/kg bolus) followed by infusion of either 1 (low dose) or 3 μg/kg per minute (high dose) for 48 hours. Safety was incidence of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. Probability of clinical benefit (modified Rankin Scale score 0-1 at 90 days) was estimated using a conservative Bayesian Poisson model (neutral prior probability centered at relative risk, 1.0 and 95% prior intervals, 0.33-3.0). RESULTS Ninety patients were randomized: 29 to r-tPA alone, 30 to r-tPA+low-dose argatroban, and 31 to r-tPA+high-dose argatroban. Rates of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage were similar among control, low-dose, and high-dose arms: 3/29 (10%), 4/30 (13%), and 2/31 (7%), respectively. At 90 days, 6 (21%) r-tPA alone, 9 (30%) low-dose, and 10 (32%) high-dose patients were with modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 1. The relative risks (95% credible interval) for modified Rankin Scale score 0 to 1 with low, high, and either low or high dose argatroban were 1.17 (0.57-2.37), 1.27 (0.63-2.53), and 1.34 (0.68-2.76), respectively. The probability that adjunctive argatroban was superior to r-tPA alone was 67%, 74%, and 79% for low, high, and low or high dose, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In patients treated with r-tPA, adjunctive argatroban was not associated with increased risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage and provides evidence that a definitive effectiveness trial is indicated. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifier: NCT01464788.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Barreto
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.B., L.S.), Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine (A.D.B., C.P., J.T.), and Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences (DCTS), Department of Internal Medicine (C.C., M.H.R.), McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit (NCTU), Newcastle University, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); Division of Medical Sciences, Oxford University, and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); and Clinical Innovation and Research Institute, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston (J.C.G.).
| | - Gary A Ford
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.B., L.S.), Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine (A.D.B., C.P., J.T.), and Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences (DCTS), Department of Internal Medicine (C.C., M.H.R.), McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit (NCTU), Newcastle University, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); Division of Medical Sciences, Oxford University, and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); and Clinical Innovation and Research Institute, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston (J.C.G.)
| | - Loren Shen
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.B., L.S.), Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine (A.D.B., C.P., J.T.), and Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences (DCTS), Department of Internal Medicine (C.C., M.H.R.), McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit (NCTU), Newcastle University, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); Division of Medical Sciences, Oxford University, and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); and Clinical Innovation and Research Institute, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston (J.C.G.)
| | - Claudia Pedroza
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.B., L.S.), Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine (A.D.B., C.P., J.T.), and Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences (DCTS), Department of Internal Medicine (C.C., M.H.R.), McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit (NCTU), Newcastle University, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); Division of Medical Sciences, Oxford University, and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); and Clinical Innovation and Research Institute, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston (J.C.G.)
| | - Jon Tyson
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.B., L.S.), Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine (A.D.B., C.P., J.T.), and Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences (DCTS), Department of Internal Medicine (C.C., M.H.R.), McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit (NCTU), Newcastle University, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); Division of Medical Sciences, Oxford University, and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); and Clinical Innovation and Research Institute, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston (J.C.G.)
| | - Chunyan Cai
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.B., L.S.), Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine (A.D.B., C.P., J.T.), and Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences (DCTS), Department of Internal Medicine (C.C., M.H.R.), McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit (NCTU), Newcastle University, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); Division of Medical Sciences, Oxford University, and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); and Clinical Innovation and Research Institute, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston (J.C.G.)
| | - Mohammad H Rahbar
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.B., L.S.), Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine (A.D.B., C.P., J.T.), and Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences (DCTS), Department of Internal Medicine (C.C., M.H.R.), McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit (NCTU), Newcastle University, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); Division of Medical Sciences, Oxford University, and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); and Clinical Innovation and Research Institute, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston (J.C.G.)
| | - James C Grotta
- From the Department of Neurology (A.D.B., L.S.), Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine (A.D.B., C.P., J.T.), and Division of Clinical and Translational Sciences (DCTS), Department of Internal Medicine (C.C., M.H.R.), McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston; Newcastle Clinical Trials Unit (NCTU), Newcastle University, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); Division of Medical Sciences, Oxford University, and Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Headley Way, United Kingdom (G.A.F.); and Clinical Innovation and Research Institute, Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston (J.C.G.)
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