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Ghosh R, Fatahian AN, Rouzbehani OMT, Hathaway MA, Mosleh T, Vinod V, Vowles S, Stephens SL, Chung SLD, Cao ID, Jonnavithula A, Symons JD, Boudina S. Sequestosome 1 (p62) mitigates hypoxia-induced cardiac dysfunction by stabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. Cardiovasc Res 2024; 120:531-547. [PMID: 38332738 PMCID: PMC11060490 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Heart failure due to ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. A major contributing factor to IHD-induced cardiac damage is hypoxia. Sequestosome 1 (p62) is a multi-functional adaptor protein with pleiotropic roles in autophagy, proteostasis, inflammation, and cancer. Despite abundant expression in cardiomyocytes, the role of p62 in cardiac physiology is not well understood. We hypothesized that cardiomyocyte-specific p62 deletion evokes hypoxia-induced cardiac pathology by impairing hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (Hif-1α) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signalling. METHODS AND RESULTS Adult mice with germline deletion of cardiomyocyte p62 exhibited mild cardiac dysfunction under normoxic conditions. Transcriptomic analyses revealed a selective impairment in Nrf2 target genes in the hearts from these mice. Demonstrating the functional importance of this adaptor protein, adult mice with inducible depletion of cardiomyocyte p62 displayed hypoxia-induced contractile dysfunction, oxidative stress, and cell death. Mechanistically, p62-depleted hearts exhibit impaired Hif-1α and Nrf2 transcriptional activity. Because findings from these two murine models suggested a cardioprotective role for p62, mechanisms were evaluated using H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Loss of p62 in H9c2 cells exposed to hypoxia reduced Hif-1α and Nrf2 protein levels. Further, the lack of p62 decreased Nrf2 protein expression, nuclear translocation, and transcriptional activity. Repressed Nrf2 activity associated with heightened Nrf2-Keap1 co-localization in p62-deficient cells, which was concurrent with increased Nrf2 ubiquitination facilitated by the E3 ligase Cullin 3, followed by proteasomal-mediated degradation. Substantiating our results, a gain of p62 in H9c2 cells stabilized Nrf2 and increased the transcriptional activity of Nrf2 downstream targets. CONCLUSION Cardiac p62 mitigates hypoxia-induced cardiac dysfunction by stabilizing Hif-1α and Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwary Ghosh
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program (U2M2), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Amir Nima Fatahian
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Omid M T Rouzbehani
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Marissa A Hathaway
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Tariq Mosleh
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Vishaka Vinod
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sidney Vowles
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sophie L Stephens
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Siu-Lai Desmond Chung
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Isaac D Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Anila Jonnavithula
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - J David Symons
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program (U2M2), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sihem Boudina
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Molecular Medicine Program (U2M2), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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Teofili L, Papacci P, Giannantonio C, Bianchi M, Giovanna Valentini C, Vento G. Allogenic Cord Blood Transfusion in Preterm Infants. Clin Perinatol 2023; 50:881-893. [PMID: 37866854 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Repeated red blood cell (RBC) transfusions in preterm neonates cause the progressive displacement of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) by adult hemoglobin. The ensuing increase of oxygen delivery may result at the cellular level in a dangerous condition of hyperoxia, explaining the association between low-HbF levels and retinopathy of prematurity or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Transfusing preterm neonates with RBC concentrates obtained from allogeneic umbilical blood is a strategy to increase hemoglobin concentration without depleting the physiologic HbF reservoir. This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying a plausible beneficial impact of this strategy and reports clinical experience gathered so far in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Teofili
- Transfusion Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Papacci
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Giannantonio
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Bianchi
- Transfusion Medicine Department, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Vento
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
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Krasinkiewicz JM, Hubbard D, Perez de Guzman N, Masters A, Zhao Y, Gaston H, Gaston B. Erythrocytic metabolism of ATLX-0199: An agent that increases minute ventilation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 680:171-176. [PMID: 37741264 PMCID: PMC10681028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Both L- and D-isomers of S-nitrosocysteine (CSNO) can bind to the intracellular domain of voltage-gated potassium channels in vitro. CSNO binding inhibits these channels in the carotid body, leading to increased minute ventilation in vivo. However, only the l-isomer is active in vivo because it requires the l-amino acid transporter (LAT) for transmembrane transport. In rodents and dogs, the esterified D-CSNO precursor-d-cystine dimethyl ester (ATLX-0199)-overcomes opioid- and benzodiazepine-induced respiratory depression while maintaining analgesia. Although ATLX-0199 can enter cells independently of LAT because it is an ester, its stability in plasma is limited by the presence of esterases. Here, we hypothesized that the drug could be sequestered in erythrocytes to avoid de-esterification in circulation. We developed a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for detecting ATLX-0199 and characterized a new metabolite, S-nitroso-d-cysteine monomethyl ester (DNOCE), which is also a D-CSNO precursor. We found that both ATLX-0199 and DNOCE readily enter erythrocytes and neurons and remain stable over 20 min; thus ATLX-0199 can enter cells where the ester is stable, but the thiol is reduced. Depending on hemoglobin conformation, the reduced ester can be S-nitrosylated and enter carotid body neurons, where it then increases minute ventilation. These data may help explain the paradox that ATLX-0199, a dimethyl ester, can avoid de-esterification in plasma and exert its effects at the level of the carotid body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Krasinkiewicz
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine and Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Dallin Hubbard
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine and Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Nicholas Perez de Guzman
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine and Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andi Masters
- Indiana University Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Clinical Pharmacology Analytical Core, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | | | - Benjamin Gaston
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Reynolds JD, Posina K, Zhu L, Jenkins T, Matto F, Hausladen A, Kashyap V, Schilz R, Zhang R, Mannick J, Klickstein L, Premont RT, Stamler JS. Control of tissue oxygenation by S-nitrosohemoglobin in human subjects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2220769120. [PMID: 36812211 PMCID: PMC9992850 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2220769120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
S-Nitrosohemoglobin (SNO-Hb) is unique among vasodilators in coupling blood flow to tissue oxygen requirements, thus fulfilling an essential function of the microcirculation. However, this essential physiology has not been tested clinically. Reactive hyperemia following limb ischemia/occlusion is a standard clinical test of microcirculatory function, which has been ascribed to endothelial nitric oxide (NO). However, endothelial NO does not control blood flow governing tissue oxygenation, presenting a major quandary. Here we show in mice and humans that reactive hyperemic responses (i.e., reoxygenation rates following brief ischemia/occlusion) are in fact dependent on SNO-Hb. First, mice deficient in SNO-Hb (i.e., carrying C93A mutant Hb refractory to S-nitrosylation) showed blunted muscle reoxygenation rates and persistent limb ischemia during reactive hyperemia testing. Second, in a diverse group of humans-including healthy subjects and patients with various microcirculatory disorders-strong correlations were found between limb reoxygenation rates following occlusion and both arterial SNO-Hb levels (n = 25; P = 0.042) and SNO-Hb/total HbNO ratios (n = 25; P = 0.009). Secondary analyses showed that patients with peripheral artery disease had significantly reduced SNO-Hb levels and blunted limb reoxygenation rates compared with healthy controls (n = 8 to 11/group; P < 0.05). Low SNO-Hb levels were also observed in sickle cell disease, where occlusive hyperemic testing was deemed contraindicated. Altogether, our findings provide both genetic and clinical support for the role of red blood cells in a standard test of microvascular function. Our results also suggest that SNO-Hb is a biomarker and mediator of blood flow governing tissue oxygenation. Thus, increases in SNO-Hb may improve tissue oxygenation in patients with microcirculatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Reynolds
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
- The Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- The Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Kanna Posina
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
- The Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Trevor Jenkins
- The Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Faisal Matto
- The Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Alfred Hausladen
- The Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Vikram Kashyap
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Robert Schilz
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Rongli Zhang
- The Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Joan Mannick
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA02139
| | | | - Richard T. Premont
- The Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- The Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH44106
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
| | - Jonathan S. Stamler
- The Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
- The Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH44106
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH44106
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Abstract
Resistance arteries and arterioles evolved as specialized blood vessels serving two important functions: (a) regulating peripheral vascular resistance and blood pressure and (b) matching oxygen and nutrient delivery to metabolic demands of organs. These functions require control of vessel lumen cross-sectional area (vascular tone) via coordinated vascular cell responses governed by precise spatial-temporal communication between intracellular signaling pathways. Herein, we provide a contemporary overview of the significant roles that redox switches play in calcium signaling for orchestrated endothelial, smooth muscle, and red blood cell control of arterial vascular tone. Three interrelated themes are the focus: (a) smooth muscle to endothelial communication for vasoconstriction, (b) endothelial to smooth muscle cell cross talk for vasodilation, and (c) oxygen and red blood cell interregulation of vascular tone and blood flow. We intend for this thematic framework to highlight gaps in our current knowledge and potentially spark interest for cross-disciplinary studies moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Máté Katona
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Current affiliation: University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Adam C Straub
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Microvascular Research, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Hubbard D, Tutrow K, Gaston B. S-Nitroso-l-cysteine and ventilatory drive: A pediatric perspective. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:2291-2297. [PMID: 35785452 PMCID: PMC9489637 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Though endogenous S-nitroso-l-cysteine (l-CSNO) signaling at the level of the carotid body increases minute ventilation (v̇E ), neither the background data nor the potential clinical relevance are well-understood by pulmonologists in general, or by pediatric pulmonologists in particular. Here, we first review how regulation of the synthesis, activation, transmembrane transport, target interaction, and degradation of l-CSNO can affect the ventilatory drive. In particular, we review l-CSNO formation by hemoglobin R to T conformational change and by nitric oxide (NO) synthases (NOS), and the downstream effects on v̇E through interaction with voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channel proteins and other targets in the peripheral and central nervous systems. We will review how these effects are independent of-and, in fact may be opposite to-those of NO. Next, we will review evidence that specific elements of this pathway may underlie disorders of respiratory control in childhood. Finally, we will review the potential clinical implications of this pathway in the development of respiratory stimulants, with a particular focus on potential pediatric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dallin Hubbard
- Division of Pediatric PulmonologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Kaylee Tutrow
- Division of Pediatric PulmonologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Benjamin Gaston
- Division of Pediatric PulmonologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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Fonseca FV, Raffay TM, Xiao K, McLaughlin PJ, Qian Z, Grimmett ZW, Adachi N, Wang B, Hausladen A, Cobb BA, Zhang R, Hess DT, Gaston B, Lambert NA, Reynolds JD, Premont RT, Stamler JS. S-nitrosylation is required for β 2AR desensitization and experimental asthma. Mol Cell 2022; 82:3089-3102.e7. [PMID: 35931084 PMCID: PMC9391322 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR), a prototypic G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is a powerful driver of bronchorelaxation, but the effectiveness of β-agonist drugs in asthma is limited by desensitization and tachyphylaxis. We find that during activation, the β2AR is modified by S-nitrosylation, which is essential for both classic desensitization by PKA as well as desensitization of NO-based signaling that mediates bronchorelaxation. Strikingly, S-nitrosylation alone can drive β2AR internalization in the absence of traditional agonist. Mutant β2AR refractory to S-nitrosylation (Cys265Ser) exhibits reduced desensitization and internalization, thereby amplifying NO-based signaling, and mice with Cys265Ser mutation are resistant to bronchoconstriction, inflammation, and the development of asthma. S-nitrosylation is thus a central mechanism in β2AR signaling that may be operative widely among GPCRs and targeted for therapeutic gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio V Fonseca
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Thomas M Raffay
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Kunhong Xiao
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Precious J McLaughlin
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Zhaoxia Qian
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Zachary W Grimmett
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Naoko Adachi
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Benlian Wang
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Alfred Hausladen
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Brian A Cobb
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rongli Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Douglas T Hess
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Benjamin Gaston
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Nevin A Lambert
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - James D Reynolds
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Richard T Premont
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jonathan S Stamler
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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Lundberg JO, Weitzberg E. Nitric oxide signaling in health and disease. Cell 2022; 185:2853-2878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Hausladen A, Qian Z, Zhang R, Premont RT, Stamler JS. Optimized S-nitrosohemoglobin synthesis in red blood cells to preserve hypoxic vasodilation via βCys93. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 382:1-10. [PMID: 35512801 PMCID: PMC10389762 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.122.001194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Classic physiology links tissue hypoxia to oxygen delivery through control of microvascular blood flow (autoregulation of blood flow). Hemoglobin (Hb) serves both as the source of oxygen and the mediator of microvascular blood flow through its ability to release vasodilatory S-nitrosothiol (SNO) in proportion to degree of hypoxia. β-globin Cys93Ala (βCys93Ala) mutant mice deficient in S-nitrosohemoglobin (SNO-Hb) show profound deficits in microvascular blood flow and tissue oxygenation that recapitulate microcirculatory dysfunction in multiple clinical conditions. However, the means to replete SNO in mouse RBCs in order to restore RBC function is not known. In particular, while methods have been developed to selectively S-nitrosylate βCys93 in human Hb and intact human RBCs, conditions have not been optimized for mouse RBCs that are used experimentally. Here we show that loading SNO onto Hb in mouse RBC lysates can be achieved with high stoichiometry and β-globin selectivity. However, S-nitrosylation of Hb within intact mouse RBCs is ineffective under conditions that work well with human RBCs, and levels of metHb are prohibitively high. We develop an optimized method that loads SNO in mouse RBCs to maintain vasodilation under hypoxia and show that loss of SNO loading in βCys93Ala mutant RBCs results in reduced vasodilation. We also demonstrate that differences in SNO/met/nitrosyl Hb stoichiometry can account for differences in RBC function among studies. RBCs loaded with quasi-physiological amounts of SNO-Hb will produce vasodilation proportionate to hypoxia, whereas RBCs loaded with higher amounts lose allosteric regulation, thus inducing vasodilation at both high and low oxygen level. Significance Statement Red blood cells from mice exhibit poor hemoglobin S-nitrosylation under conditions used for human RBCs, frustrating tests of vasodilatory activity. Using an optimized S-nitrosylation protocol, mouse RBCs exhibit hypoxic vasodilation that is significantly reduced in hemoglobin ββCys93Ala mutant RBCs that cannot carry S-nitrosothiol allosterically, providing genetic validation for the role of bCys93 in oxygen delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Hausladen
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, United States
| | - Zhaoxia Qian
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, United States
| | - Rongli Zhang
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, United States
| | - Richard T Premont
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, United States
| | - Jonathan S Stamler
- Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, United States
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