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Sangroula P, Ghimire S, Srivastava B, Adhikari D, Dhonju K, Shrestha A, Ghimire S. Correlation of Body Mass Index and Oxygen Saturation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients at a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:1413-1418. [PMID: 37456913 PMCID: PMC10349576 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s412118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. COPD is associated with clinically relevant pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations, including hypoxemia and weight loss. The correlation of body mass index (BMI) and oxygen saturation (SpO2) with COPD grades may provide a useful additional marker for understanding and managing the disease. The aim of the study was to study the correlation of BMI and oxygen saturation with COPD in patients presenting to a tertiary care center in Nepal. Patients and Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 145 COPD patients visiting the Department of Medicine in Shree Birendra Hospital between 1 March 2019 and 28 February 2020. A non-probability purposive sampling method was used and data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results Out of 145 COPD patients, 58 (40%) were underweight, 53 (36.55%) were of normal weight, 20 (13.79%) were overweight, and 14 (9.6%) were obese. The number of underweight patients was highest in COPD grade 4 and lowest in COPD grade 1. The proportion of subjects with underweight BMI and hypoxia increased with COPD severity, and both were statistically significant (p-values <0.01). Conclusion Our study shows that BMI and oxygen saturation have an inverse association with COPD severity. The correlation of BMI and oxygen saturation with COPD grade could provide a supplementary marker of disease severity, which could be useful in the understanding of the disease process and subsequent management of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prativa Sangroula
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Palpa, Lumbini, Nepal
| | - Sandip Ghimire
- Department of Internal Medicine, Lumbini Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Palpa, Lumbini, Nepal
| | - Brajendra Srivastava
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nepalese Army Institute of Health Sciences, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Divas Adhikari
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Bharatpur Hospital, Chitwan, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Kiran Dhonju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, Kathmandu, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Amit Shrestha
- Department of Psychiatry, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, Lalitpur, Bagmati, Nepal
| | - Sapana Ghimire
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Dharma Bhakta National Transplant Centre, Bhaktapur, Bagmati, Nepal
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Henrot P, Dupin I, Schilfarth P, Esteves P, Blervaque L, Zysman M, Gouzi F, Hayot M, Pomiès P, Berger P. Main Pathogenic Mechanisms and Recent Advances in COPD Peripheral Skeletal Muscle Wasting. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076454. [PMID: 37047427 PMCID: PMC10095391 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a worldwide prevalent respiratory disease mainly caused by tobacco smoke exposure. COPD is now considered as a systemic disease with several comorbidities. Among them, skeletal muscle dysfunction affects around 20% of COPD patients and is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Although the histological alterations are well characterized, including myofiber atrophy, a decreased proportion of slow-twitch myofibers, and a decreased capillarization and oxidative phosphorylation capacity, the molecular basis for muscle atrophy is complex and remains partly unknown. Major difficulties lie in patient heterogeneity, accessing patients' samples, and complex multifactorial process including extrinsic mechanisms, such as tobacco smoke or disuse, and intrinsic mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, hypoxia, or systemic inflammation. Muscle wasting is also a highly dynamic process whose investigation is hampered by the differential protein regulation according to the stage of atrophy. In this review, we report and discuss recent data regarding the molecular alterations in COPD leading to impaired muscle mass, including inflammation, hypoxia and hypercapnia, mitochondrial dysfunction, diverse metabolic changes such as oxidative and nitrosative stress and genetic and epigenetic modifications, all leading to an impaired anabolic/catabolic balance in the myocyte. We recapitulate data concerning skeletal muscle dysfunction obtained in the different rodent models of COPD. Finally, we propose several pathways that should be investigated in COPD skeletal muscle dysfunction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Henrot
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Isabelle Dupin
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Pierre Schilfarth
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Pauline Esteves
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Léo Blervaque
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Maéva Zysman
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
| | - Fares Gouzi
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, CHRU Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Maurice Hayot
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, CHRU Montpellier, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Pascal Pomiès
- PhyMedExp, INSERM-CNRS-Montpellier University, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, U1045, F-33604 Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, CIC 1401, F-33604 Pessac, France
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC 1401, Service de Pneumologie, F-33604 Pessac, France
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Wang Y, Li P, Cao Y, Liu C, Wang J, Wu W. Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Underlying Mechanisms and Physical Therapy Perspectives. Aging Dis 2023; 14:33-45. [PMID: 36818563 PMCID: PMC9937710 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle dysfunction (SMD) is a prevalent extrapulmonary complication and a significant independent prognostic factor in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the core factors that damage structure and function in COPD skeletal muscle and is closely related to smoke exposure, hypoxia, and insufficient physical activity. The currently known phenotypes of mitochondrial dysfunction are reduced mitochondrial content and biogenesis, impaired activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, and increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. Significant progress has been made in research on physical therapy (PT), which has broad prospects for treating the abovementioned potential mitochondrial-function changes in COPD skeletal muscle. In terms of specific types of PT, exercise therapy can directly act on mitochondria and improve COPD SMD by increasing mitochondrial density, regulating mitochondrial biogenesis, upregulating mitochondrial respiratory function, and reducing oxidative stress. However, improvements in mitochondrial-dysfunction phenotype in COPD skeletal muscle due to different exercise strategies are not entirely consistent. Therefore, based on the elucidation of this phenotype, in this study, we analyzed the effect of exercise on mitochondrial dysfunction in COPD skeletal muscle and the regulatory mechanism thereof. We also provided a theoretical basis for exercise programs to rehabilitate this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Wang
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
| | - Peijun Li
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Cao
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
| | - Chanjing Liu
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sport Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Weibing Wu () and Dr. Jie Wang (), Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibing Wu
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.,Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Weibing Wu () and Dr. Jie Wang (), Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Yegorov YE, Poznyak AV, Bezsonov EE, Zhuravlev AD, Nikiforov NG, Vishnyakova KS, Orekhov AN. Somatic Mutations of Hematopoietic Cells Are an Additional Mechanism of Body Aging, Conducive to Comorbidity and Increasing Chronification of Inflammation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040782. [PMID: 35453534 PMCID: PMC9028317 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that the development of foci of chronic inflammation usually accompanies body aging. In these foci, senescent cells appear with a pro-inflammatory phenotype that helps maintain inflammation. Their removal with the help of senolytics significantly improves the general condition of the body and, according to many indicators, contributes to rejuvenation. The cells of the immune system participate in the initiation, development, and resolution of inflammation. With age, the human body accumulates mutations, including the cells of the bone marrow, giving rise to the cells of the immune system. We assume that a number of such mutations formed with age can lead to the appearance of “naive” cells with an initially pro-inflammatory phenotype, the migration of which to preexisting foci of inflammation contributes not to the resolution of inflammation but its chronicity. One of such cell variants are monocytes carrying mitochondrial mutations, which may be responsible for comorbidity and deterioration in the prognosis of the course of pathologies associated with aging, such as atherosclerosis, arthritis, osteoporosis, and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yegor E. Yegorov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: (Y.E.Y.); (A.V.P.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Anastasia V. Poznyak
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, 121609 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (Y.E.Y.); (A.V.P.); (A.N.O.)
| | - Evgeny E. Bezsonov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (E.E.B.); (A.D.Z.); (N.G.N.)
- Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 105043 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander D. Zhuravlev
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (E.E.B.); (A.D.Z.); (N.G.N.)
- Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita G. Nikiforov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (E.E.B.); (A.D.Z.); (N.G.N.)
- Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Khava S. Vishnyakova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia; (E.E.B.); (A.D.Z.); (N.G.N.)
- Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (Y.E.Y.); (A.V.P.); (A.N.O.)
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Nagy A, Palmer E, Polivka L, Eszes N, Vincze K, Barczi E, Bohacs A, Tarnoki AD, Tarnoki DL, Nagy G, Kiss E, Maurovich-horvat P, Müller V. Treatment and Systemic Sclerosis Interstitial Lung Disease Outcome: The Overweight Paradox. Biomedicines 2022; 10:434. [PMID: 35203643 PMCID: PMC8962393 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is frequently associated with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). The progressive form of SSc-ILD often limits patient survival. The aim of our study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics and predictors of lung function changes in SSc-ILD patients treated in a real-world setting. (2) Methods: All SSc-ILD cases previously confirmed by rheumatologists and a multidisciplinary ILD team between January 2017 and June 2019 were included (n = 54). The detailed medical history, clinical parameters and HRCT were analyzed. The longitudinal follow-up for pulmonary symptoms, functional parameters and treatment were performed for at least 2 years in no treatment, immunosuppression and biological treatment subgroups. (3) Results: In SSc-ILD patients (age 58.7 ± 13.3 years, 87.0% women), the main symptoms included dyspnea, cough, crackles and the Raynaud’s phenomenon. The functional decline was most prominent in untreated patients, and a normal body mass index (BMI < 25 kg/m2) was associated with a significant risk of deterioration. The majority of patients improved or were stable during follow-up. The progressive fibrosing-ILD criteria were met by 15 patients, the highest proportion being in the untreated subgroup. (4) Conclusions: SSc-ILD patients who are overweight are at a lower risk of the functional decline and progressive phenotype especially affecting untreated patients. The close monitoring of lung involvement and a regular BMI measurement are advised and early treatment interventions are encouraged.
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Alfahad AJ, Alzaydi MM, Aldossary AM, Alshehri AA, Almughem FA, Zaidan NM, Tawfik EA. Current views in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease pathogenesis and management. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 29:1361-1373. [PMID: 35002373 PMCID: PMC8720819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung dysfunction caused mainly by inhaling toxic particles and cigarette smoking (CS). The continuous exposure to ruinous molecules can lead to abnormal inflammatory responses, permanent damages to the respiratory system, and irreversible pathological changes. Other factors, such as genetics and aging, influence the development of COPD. In the last decade, accumulating evidence suggested that mitochondrial alteration, including mitochondrial DNA damage, increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), abnormal autophagy, and apoptosis, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD. The alteration can also extend to epigenetics, namely DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA. This review will discuss the recent progressions in COPD pathology, pathophysiology, and molecular pathways. More focus will be shed on mitochondrial and epigenetic variations related to COPD development and the role of nanomedicine as a potential tool for the prevention and treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed J Alfahad
- National Center of Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai M Alzaydi
- National Center of Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad M Aldossary
- National Center of Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alshehri
- National Center of Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Almughem
- National Center of Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada M Zaidan
- Center of Excellence in Biomedicine, Joint Centers of Excellence Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam A Tawfik
- National Center of Biotechnology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence in Biomedicine, Joint Centers of Excellence Program, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
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De Brandt J, Beijers RJHCG, Chiles J, Maddocks M, McDonald MLN, Schols AMWJ, Nyberg A. Update on the Etiology, Assessment, and Management of COPD Cachexia: Considerations for the Clinician. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022; 17:2957-2976. [PMID: 36425061 PMCID: PMC9680681 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s334228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cachexia is a commonly observed but frequently neglected extra-pulmonary manifestation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cachexia is a multifactorial syndrome characterized by severe loss of body weight, muscle, and fat, as well as increased protein catabolism. COPD cachexia places a high burden on patients (eg, increased mortality risk and disease burden, reduced exercise capacity and quality of life) and the healthcare system (eg, increased number, length, and cost of hospitalizations). The etiology of COPD cachexia involves a complex interplay of non-modifiable and modifiable factors (eg, smoking, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, physical inactivity, energy imbalance, and exacerbations). Addressing these modifiable factors is needed to prevent and treat COPD cachexia. Oral nutritional supplementation combined with exercise training should be the primary multimodal treatment approach. Adding a pharmacological agent might be considered in some, but not all, patients with COPD cachexia. Clinicians and researchers should use longitudinal measures (eg, weight loss, muscle mass loss) instead of cross-sectional measures (eg, low body mass index or fat-free mass index) where possible to evaluate patients with COPD cachexia. Lastly, in future research, more detailed phenotyping of cachectic patients to enable a better comparison of included patients between studies, prospective longitudinal studies, and more focus on the impact of exacerbations and the role of biomarkers in COPD cachexia, are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana De Brandt
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Section of Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Rosanne J H C G Beijers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joe Chiles
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Matthew Maddocks
- Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Merry-Lynn N McDonald
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Annemie M W J Schols
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - André Nyberg
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Section of Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Chen H, Liu X, Gao X, Lv Y, Zhou L, Shi J, Wei W, Huang J, Deng L, Wang Z, Jin Y, Yu W. Epidemiological evidence relating risk factors to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261692. [PMID: 34962941 PMCID: PMC8714110 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the most common chronic respiratory disease worldwide, not only leads to the decline of pulmonary function and quality of life consecutively, but also has become a major economic burden on individuals, families, and society in China. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to explore the risk factors for developing COPD in the Chinese population that resides in China and to provide a theoretical basis for the early prevention of COPD. METHODS A total of 2457 cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies published related to risk factors for COPD in China were searched. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 articles were selected. Stata 11.0 was used for meta-analysis. After merging the data, the pooled effect and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between risk factors and COPD. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I2 and Cochran's Q tests. Begg's test was used to assess publication bias. RESULTS Exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) (pooled effect = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.16~2.58; P <0.01), smoking history (pooled effect = 2.58; 95%CI: 2.00~3.32; P <0.01), passive smoking history (pooled effect = 1.39; 95%CI: 1.03~1.87; P = 0.03), male sex(pooled effect = 1.70; 95%CI: 1.31~2.22; P <0.01), body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2 (pooled effect = 1.73; 95%CI: 1.32~2.25; P <0.01), exposure to biomass burning emissions (pooled effect = 1.65; 95%CI: 1.32~2.06; P <0.01), childhood respiratory infections (pooled effect = 3.44; 95%CI: 1.33~8.90; P = 0.01), residence (pooled effect = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.09~1.42; P <0.01), and a family history of respiratory diseases (pooled effect = 2.04; 95%CI: 1.53~2.71; P <0.01) were risk factors for COPD in the Chinese population. CONCLUSION Early prevention of COPD could be accomplished by quitting smoking, reducing exposure to air pollutants and biomass burning emissions, maintaining body mass index between 18.5 kg/m2 and 28 kg/m2, protecting children from respiratory infections, adopting active treatments to children with respiratory diseases, and conducting regular screening for those with family history of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Respiratory Disease, The 903 Hospital of PLA, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yipeng Lv
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianwei Shi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of general practice, Dapuqiao Community Health Service Center of Huangpu District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaoling Huang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lijia Deng
- School of informatics, The University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Zhaoxin Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of general practice, Dapuqiao Community Health Service Center of Huangpu District, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (WY); (YJ)
| | - Wenya Yu
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (WY); (YJ)
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Burtscher J, Burtscher M, Millet GP. The central role of mitochondrial fitness on antiviral defenses: An advocacy for physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic. Redox Biol 2021; 43:101976. [PMID: 33932869 PMCID: PMC8062414 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are central regulators of cellular metabolism, most known for their role in energy production. They can be "enhanced" by physical activity (including exercise), which increases their integrity, efficiency and dynamic adaptation to stressors, in short "mitochondrial fitness". Mitochondrial fitness is closely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity. Given the importance of mitochondria in immune functions, it is thus not surprising that cardiorespiratory fitness is also an integral determinant of the antiviral host defense and vulnerability to infection. Here, we first briefly review the role of physical activity in viral infections. We then summarize mitochondrial functions that are relevant for the antiviral immune response with a particular focus on the current Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic and on innate immune function. Finally, the modulation of mitochondrial and cardiorespiratory fitness by physical activity, aging and the chronic diseases that represent the most common comorbidities of COVID-19 is discussed. We conclude that a high mitochondrial - and related cardiorespiratory - fitness should be considered as protective factors for viral infections, including COVID-19. This assumption is corroborated by reduced mitochondrial fitness in many established risk factors of COVID-19, like age, various chronic diseases or obesity. We argue for regular analysis of the cardiorespiratory fitness of COVID-19 patients and the promotion of physical activity - with all its associated health benefits - as preventive measures against viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Burtscher
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Santer P, McGahey A, Frise MC, Petousi N, Talbot NP, Baskerville R, Bafadhel M, Nickol AH, Robbins PA. Intravenous iron and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open Respir Res 2021; 7:7/1/e000577. [PMID: 32565444 PMCID: PMC7311010 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased iron availability modifies cardiorespiratory function in healthy volunteers and improves exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with heart failure or pulmonary hypertension. We hypothesised that intravenous iron would produce improvements in oxygenation, exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods We performed a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in 48 participants with COPD (mean±SD: age 69±8 years, haemoglobin 144.8±13.2 g/L, ferritin 97.1±70.0 µg/L, transferrin saturation 31.3%±15.2%; GOLD grades II–IV), each of whom received a single dose of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM; 15 mg/kg bodyweight) or saline placebo. The primary endpoint was peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) at rest after 1 week. The secondary endpoints included daily SpO2, overnight SpO2, exercise SpO2, 6 min walk distance, symptom and quality of life scores, serum iron indices, spirometry, echocardiographic measures, and exacerbation frequency. Results SpO2 was unchanged 1 week after FCM administration (difference between groups 0.8%, 95% CI −0.2% to 1.7%). However, in secondary analyses, exercise capacity increased significantly after FCM administration, compared with placebo, with a mean difference in 6 min walk distance of 12.6 m (95% CI 1.6 to 23.5 m). Improvements of ≥40 m were observed in 29.2% of iron-treated and 0% of placebo-treated participants after 1 week (p=0.009). Modified MRC Dyspnoea Scale score was also significantly lower after FCM, and fewer participants reported scores ≥2 in the FCM group, compared with placebo (33.3% vs 66.7%, p=0.02). No significant differences were observed in other secondary endpoints. Adverse event rates were similar between groups, except for hypophosphataemia, which occurred more frequently after FCM (91.7% vs 8.3%, p<0.001). Conclusions FCM did not improve oxygenation over 8 weeks in patients with COPD. However, this treatment was well tolerated and produced improvements in exercise capacity and functional limitation caused by breathlessness. These effects on secondary endpoints require confirmation in future studies. Trial registration number ISRCTN09143837.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Santer
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anne McGahey
- Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Matthew C Frise
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nayia Petousi
- Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nick P Talbot
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Richard Baskerville
- Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mona Bafadhel
- Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Annabel H Nickol
- Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter A Robbins
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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11
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Orekhov AN, Gerasimova EV, Sukhorukov VN, Poznyak AV, Nikiforov NG. Do Mitochondrial DNA Mutations Play a Key Role in the Chronification of Sterile Inflammation? Special Focus on Atherosclerosis. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:276-292. [PMID: 33045961 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201012164330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the elucidation of mechanisms implicated in the chronification of inflammation is to shed light on the pathogenesis of disorders that are responsible for the majority of the incidences of diseases and deaths, and also causes of ageing. Atherosclerosis is an example of the most significant inflammatory pathology. The inflammatory response of innate immunity is implicated in the development of atherosclerosis arising locally or focally. Modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was regarded as the trigger for this response. No atherosclerotic changes in the arterial wall occur due to the quick decrease in inflammation rate. Nonetheless, the atherosclerotic lesion formation can be a result of the chronification of local inflammation, which, in turn, is caused by alteration of the response of innate immunity. OBJECTIVE In this review, we discussed potential mechanisms of the altered response of the immunity in atherosclerosis with a particular emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunctions. CONCLUSION A few mitochondrial dysfunctions can be caused by the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations. Moreover, mtDNA mutations were found to affect the development of defective mitophagy. Modern investigations have demonstrated the controlling mitophagy function in response to the immune system. Therefore, we hypothesized that impaired mitophagy, as a consequence of mutations in mtDNA, can raise a disturbed innate immunity response, resulting in the chronification of inflammation in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Gerasimova
- V. A. Nasonova Institute of Rheumatology, 115522 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | | | - Nikita G Nikiforov
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
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12
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Adami A, Corvino RB, Calmelat RA, Porszasz J, Casaburi R, Rossiter HB. Muscle Oxidative Capacity Is Reduced in Both Upper and Lower Limbs in COPD. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021; 52:2061-2068. [PMID: 32282451 PMCID: PMC7497478 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skeletal muscle atrophy, weakness, mitochondrial loss, and dysfunction are characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It remains unclear whether muscle dysfunction occurs in both upper and lower limbs, because findings are inconsistent in the few studies where upper and lower limb muscle performance properties were compared within an individual. This study determined whether muscle oxidative capacity is low in upper and lower limbs of COPD patients compared with controls. METHODS Oxidative capacity of the forearm and medial gastrocnemius was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy to determine the muscle O2 consumption recovery rate constant (k, min) in 20 COPD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2/3/4, n = 7/7/6) and 20 smokers with normal spirometry (CON). Muscle k is linearly proportional to oxidative capacity. Steps per day and vector magnitude units per minute (VMU·min) were assessed using triaxial accelerometry. Differences between group and limb were assessed by two-way ANOVA. RESULTS There was a significant main effect of group (F = 11.2, ηp = 0.13, P = 0.001): k was lower in both upper and lower limb muscles in COPD (1.01 ± 0.17 and 1.05 ± 0.24 min) compared with CON (1.29 ± 0.49 and 1.54 ± 0.60 min). There was no effect on k of limb (F = 1.8, ηp = 0.02, P = 0.18) or group-limb interaction (P = 0.35). (VMU·min) was significantly lower in COPD (-38%; P = 0.042). Steps per day did not differ between COPD (4738 ± 3194) and CON (6372 ± 2107; P = 0.286), although the difference exceeded a clinically important threshold (>600-1100 steps per day). CONCLUSIONS Compared with CON, muscle oxidative capacity was lower in COPD in both upper (-20%) and lower (-30%) limbs. These data suggest that mitochondrial loss in COPD is not isolated to locomotor muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert A Calmelat
- Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Janos Porszasz
- Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Richard Casaburi
- Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
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13
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Ogger PP, Silva JD, Aghapour M, Mahmutovic Persson I, Tulen C, Jurkowska R, Ubags ND. Early Career Members at the ERS Lung Science Conference 2020: metabolic alterations in lung ageing and disease. Breathe (Sheff) 2021; 16:200063. [PMID: 33447269 PMCID: PMC7792764 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0063-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Every year, the European Respiratory Society (ERS) organises the Lung Science Conference (LSC) in Estoril, Portugal, to discuss basic and translational science. The topic of the LSC 2020 was “Metabolic alterations in lung ageing and disease”. In addition to an outstanding scientific programme, the LSC provides excellent opportunities for career development and inclusion of Early Career Members (ECMs). All scientific and poster sessions are chaired by an ECM who is paired with a senior faculty member to allow ECMs to become acquainted with session chairing. In addition, 40 travel bursaries are made available to abstract authors and all bursary recipients are invited to take part in a mentorship lunch. Moreover, there is a session organised by the Early Career Members Committee (ECMC) dedicated to career development. Here, we describe the scientific highlights of LSC 2020 for those who could not attend. The Lung Science Conference 2020 brought together leading experts in the field to discuss the latest cutting-edge science, as well as various career development opportunities for early career membershttps://bit.ly/2XZ5YGQ
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia P Ogger
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Johnatas Dutra Silva
- Wellcome-Wolfson Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Mahyar Aghapour
- Infection Immunology Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Immune Regulation Group, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Irma Mahmutovic Persson
- Institution of Medical Radiation Physics, Dept of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christy Tulen
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Dept of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Niki D Ubags
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV, Epalinges, Switzerland
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14
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Roca J, Tenyi A, Cano I. Digital Health for Enhanced Understanding and Management of Chronic Conditions: COPD as a Use Case. Systems Medicine 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.11690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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15
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Abstract
Introduction: Muscle impairments are prevalent in COPD and have adverse clinical implications in terms of physical performance capacity, disease burden, quality of life and even mortality. During acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPDs) the respiratory symptoms worsen and this might also apply to the muscle impairments. Areas covered: This report includes a review of both clinical and pre-clinical peer-reviewed literature of the past 20 years found in PubMed providing a comprehensive view on the role of AECOPD in muscle dysfunction in COPD, the putative underlying mechanisms and the treatment perspectives. Expert opinion: The contribution of AECOPD and its recurrent nature to muscle impairment in COPD cannot be ignored and can be attributed to the acutely intensifying and converging disease-related drivers of muscle deterioration, in particular disuse, systemic inflammation and corticosteroid treatment. The search for novel treatment options should focus on the AECOPD-enhanced drivers of muscle dysfunction as well as on the underlying, mainly catabolic, mechanisms. Considering the impact of AECOPD on muscle function, and that of muscle impairment on the recurrence of exacerbations, counteracting muscle deterioration in AECOPD provides an unprecedented therapeutic opportunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry R Gosker
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Department of Respiratory Medicine , Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon C Langen
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Department of Respiratory Medicine , Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sami O Simons
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Department of Respiratory Medicine , Maastricht, The Netherlands
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16
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Orekhov AN, Nikiforov NN, Ivanova EA, Sobenin IA. Possible Role of Mitochondrial DNA Mutations in Chronification of Inflammation: Focus on Atherosclerosis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9040978. [PMID: 32244740 PMCID: PMC7230212 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9040978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronification of inflammation is the process that lies at the basis of several human diseases that make up to 80% of morbidity and mortality worldwide. It can also explain a great deal of processes related to aging. Atherosclerosis is an example of the most important chronic inflammatory pathology in terms of public health impact. Atherogenesis is based on the inflammatory response of the innate immunity arising locally or focally. The main trigger for this response appears to be modified low-density lipoprotein (LDL), although other factors may also play a role. With the quick resolution of inflammation, atherosclerotic changes in the arterial wall do not occur. However, a violation of the innate immunity response can lead to chronification of local inflammation and, as a result, to atherosclerotic lesion formation. In this review, we discuss possible mechanisms of the impaired immune response with a special focus on mitochondrial dysfunction. Some mitochondrial dysfunctions may be due to mutations in mitochondrial DNA. Several mitochondrial DNA mutations leading to defective mitophagy have been identified. The regulatory role of mitophagy in the immune response has been shown in recent studies. We suggest that defective mitophagy promoted by mutations in mitochondrial DNA can cause innate immunity disorders leading to chronification of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N. Orekhov
- Laboratory for Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Infection Pathology and Molecular Microecology, Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.N.O.); (E.A.I.); Tel.: +7-903-169-08-66 (A.N.O.)
| | - Nikita N. Nikiforov
- Centre of Collective Usage, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 34/5 Vavilova Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A. Ivanova
- Department of Basic Research, Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, 121609 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (A.N.O.); (E.A.I.); Tel.: +7-903-169-08-66 (A.N.O.)
| | - Igor A. Sobenin
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Institute of Experimental Cardiology, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia;
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17
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Dilektasli AG, Porszasz J, Stringer WW, Casaburi R. Physiologic Effects of Oxygen Supplementation During Exercise in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Clin Chest Med 2020; 40:385-395. [PMID: 31078216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) is a well-established therapy that improves mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with resting hypoxemia. In the large number of patients with COPD who do not have severe resting hypoxemia but who desaturate with exercise, the clinical benefits that can be obtained by supplemental O2 therapy during exercise is an area of interest and active research. A summary of current evidence for benefits of supplemental O2 therapy and a review of physiologic mechanisms underlying published observations are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Gorek Dilektasli
- Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Building CDCRC, Torrance, CA 90502, USA; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Uludağ University, Turkey
| | - Janos Porszasz
- Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Building CDCRC, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - William W Stringer
- Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Building CDCRC, Torrance, CA 90502, USA
| | - Richard Casaburi
- Rehabilitation Clinical Trials Center, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 W. Carson Street, Building CDCRC, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
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18
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Maekawa S, Takada S, Furihata T, Fukushima A, Yokota T, Kinugawa S. Mitochondrial respiration of complex II is not lower than that of complex I in mouse skeletal muscle. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 21:100717. [PMID: 31890905 PMCID: PMC6928343 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SKM) requires a large amount of energy, which is produced mainly by mitochondria, for their daily functioning. Of the several mitochondrial complexes, it has been reported that the dysfunction of complex II is associated with several diseases, including myopathy. However, the degree to which complex II contributes to ATP production by mitochondria remains unknown. As complex II is not included in supercomplexes, which are formed to produce ATP efficiently, we hypothesized that complex II-linked respiration was lower than that of complex I. In addition, differences in the characteristics of complex I and II activity suggest that different factors might regulate their function. The isolated mitochondria from gastrocnemius muscle was used for mitochondrial respiration measurement and immunoblotting in male C57BL/6J mice. Student paired t-tests were performed to compare means between two groups. A univariate linear regression model was used to determine the correlation between mitochondrial respiration and proteins. Contrary to our hypothesis, complex II-linked respiration was not significantly less than complex I-linked respiration in SKM mitochondria (complex I vs complex II, 3402 vs 2840 pmol/[s × mg]). Complex I-linked respiration correlated with the amount of complex I incorporated in supercomplexes (r = 0.727, p < 0.05), but not with the total amount of complex I subunits. In contrast, complex II-linked respiration correlated with the total amount of complex II (r = 0.883, p < 0.05), but not with the amount of each complex II subunit. We conclude that both complex I and II play important roles in mitochondrial respiration and that the assembly of both supercomplexes and complex II is essential for the normal functioning of complex I and II in mouse SKM mitochondria. Complex II-linked respiration was comparable to complex I-linked respiration in isolated skeletal muscle mitochondria. Complex I-linked respiration correlated with the amount of complex I incorporated in supercomplexes, but not with the complex I subunit. Complex II-linked respiration correlated with the amount of complex II, but not with the SDH subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Maekawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shingo Takada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Faculty of Lifelong Sport, Department of Sports Education, Hokusho University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Takaaki Furihata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Arata Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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19
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Thimmulappa RK, Chattopadhyay I, Rajasekaran S. Oxidative Stress Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Environmental Lung Diseases. OXIDATIVE STRESS IN LUNG DISEASES 2019. [PMCID: PMC7120104 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-32-9366-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Globally, respiratory diseases are major cause of disability and mortality, and more alarmingly, it disproportionately affects developing countries, which is largely attributed to poor quality of air. Tobacco smoke and emissions from combustion of fossil fuel and biomass fuel are the major airborne pollutants affecting human lung health. Oxidative stress is the dominant driving force by which the airborne pollutants exert their toxicity in lungs and cause respiratory diseases. Most airborne pollutants are associated with intrinsic oxidative potential and, additionally, stimulate endogenous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). Elevated ROS and RNS in lungs modulate redox signals and cause irreversible damage to critical biomolecules (lipids, proteins and DNA) and initiate various pathogenic cellular process. This chapter provides an insight into oxidative stress-linked pathogenic cellular process such as lipid peroxidation, inflammation, cell death, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, epigenetic changes, profibrotic signals and mucus hypersecretion, which drive the development and progression of lung diseases. Lungs are associated with robust enzymatic and non-enzymatic (GSH, ascorbic acid, uric acid, vitamin E) antioxidant defences. However, sustained production of free radicals due to continuous exposures to airborne pollutants overwhelms lung antioxidant defences and causes oxidative injury. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the critical roles and therapeutic potential of upregulating lung antioxidants for intervention of respiratory diseases; however, so far clinical benefits in antioxidant supplementation trials have been minimal and conflicting. Antioxidants alone may not be effective in treatment of respiratory diseases; however it could be a promising adjunctive therapy.
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20
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Abrigo J, Simon F, Cabrera D, Vilos C, Cabello-Verrugio C. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Skeletal Muscle Pathologies. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:536-546. [PMID: 30947668 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190402100902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Several molecular mechanisms are involved in the regulation of skeletal muscle function. Among them, mitochondrial activity can be identified. The mitochondria is an important and essential organelle in the skeletal muscle that is involved in metabolic regulation and ATP production, which are two key elements of muscle contractibility and plasticity. Thus, in this review, we present the critical and recent antecedents regarding the mechanisms through which mitochondrial dysfunction can be involved in the generation and development of skeletal muscle pathologies, its contribution to detrimental functioning in skeletal muscle and its crosstalk with other typical signaling pathways related to muscle diseases. In addition, an update on the development of new strategies with therapeutic potential to inhibit the deleterious impact of mitochondrial dysfunction in skeletal muscle is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Abrigo
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.,Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Simon
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Integrative Physiopathology, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Cabrera
- Departamento de Gastroenterologia, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Bernardo O Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Vilos
- Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Targeted Delivery, Center for Medical Research, School of Medicine. Universidad d e Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Claudio Cabello-Verrugio
- Laboratory of Muscle Pathology, Fragility and Aging, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago, Chile.,Center for the Development of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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21
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Farre-Garros R, Lee JY, Natanek SA, Connolly M, Sayer AA, Patel H, Cooper C, Polkey MI, Kemp PR. Quadriceps miR-542-3p and -5p are elevated in COPD and reduce function by inhibiting ribosomal and protein synthesis. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 126:1514-1524. [PMID: 30676868 PMCID: PMC6551227 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00882.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced physical performance reduces quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Impaired physical performance is, in part, a consequence of reduced muscle mass and function, which is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction. We recently showed that miR-542-3p and miR-542-5p were elevated in a small cohort of COPD patients and more markedly in critical care patients. In mice, these microRNAs (miRNAs) promoted mitochondrial dysfunction suggesting that they would affect physical performance in patients with COPD, but we did not explore the association of these miRNAs with disease severity or physical performance further. We therefore quantified miR-542-3p/5p and mitochondrial rRNA expression in RNA extracted from quadriceps muscle of patients with COPD and determined their association with physical performance. As miR-542-3p inhibits ribosomal protein synthesis its ability to inhibit protein synthesis was also determined in vitro. Both miR-542-3p expression and -5p expression were elevated in patients with COPD (5-fold P < 0.001) and the degree of elevation associated with impaired lung function (transfer capacity of the lung for CO in % and forced expiratory volume in 1 s in %) and physical performance (6-min walk distance in %). In COPD patients, the ratio of 12S rRNA to 16S rRNA was suppressed suggesting mitochondrial ribosomal stress and mitochondrial dysfunction and miR-542-3p/5p expression was inversely associated with mitochondrial gene expression and positively associated with p53 activity. miR-542-3p suppressed RPS23 expression and maximal protein synthesis in vitro. Our data show that miR-542-3p and -5p expression is elevated in COPD patients and may suppress physical performance at least in part by inhibiting mitochondrial and cytoplasmic ribosome synthesis and suppressing protein synthesis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY miR-542-3p and -5p are elevated in the quadriceps muscle of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in proportion to the severity of their lung disease. These microRNAs inhibit mitochondrial and cytoplasmic protein synthesis suggesting that they contribute to impaired exercise performance in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roser Farre-Garros
- Molecular Medicine Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, London , United Kingdom
| | - Jen Y Lee
- Molecular Medicine Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, London , United Kingdom
| | - S Amanda Natanek
- Molecular Medicine Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, London , United Kingdom
| | - Martin Connolly
- Molecular Medicine Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, London , United Kingdom
| | - Avan A Sayer
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton , United Kingdom
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton , Southampton , United Kingdom
- Ageing Geriatrics and Epidemiology Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust and Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , United Kingdom
| | - Harnish Patel
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton , United Kingdom
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton , Southampton , United Kingdom
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital , Southampton , United Kingdom
| | - Michael I Polkey
- National Institute for Health Research Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at Royal Brompton and Harefield National Health Service Foundation Trust and Imperial College , London , United Kingdom
| | - Paul R Kemp
- Molecular Medicine Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, South Kensington Campus, London , United Kingdom
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Fang T, Wang M, Xiao H, Wei X. Mitochondrial dysfunction and chronic lung disease. Cell Biol Toxicol 2019; 35:493-502. [PMID: 31119467 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-019-09473-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The functions of body gradually decrease as the age increases, leading to a higher frequency of incidence of age-related diseases. Diseases associated with aging in the respiratory system include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), IPF (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis), asthma, lung cancer, and so on. The mitochondrial dysfunction is not only a sign of aging, but also is a disease trigger. This article aims to explain mitochondrial dysfunction as an aging marker, and its role in aging diseases of lung. We also discuss whether the mitochondria can be used as a target for the treatment of aging lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Fang
- Lab of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Manni Wang
- Lab of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hengyi Xiao
- Lab of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Lab of Aging Research and Nanotoxicology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and National Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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23
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Barberan-Garcia A, Munoz PA, Gimeno-Santos E, Burgos F, Torralba Y, Gistau C, Roca J, Rodriguez DA. Training-induced changes on quadriceps muscle oxygenation measured by near-infrared spectroscopy in healthy subjects and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2019; 39:284-290. [PMID: 31012529 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM We hypothesize that training-induced changes in muscle oxygen saturation (StO2 ) assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during constant work rate cycling exercise (CWRE) may be a useful marker of the effects of training at 'vastus medialis' of the quadriceps in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS Incremental exercise [peak oxygen uptake (VO2 )] and CWRE at 70% pretraining peak VO2 , before and after 8-w training, were done in 10 healthy age-matched subjects (H) [80% men, 65(11) years, FEV1 105(14)%] and 16 COPD patients [94% men, 70(5) years, FEV1 46(11) %] encompassing the entire spectrum of disease severity, recruited in the outpatient clinics. NIRS was used to assess StO2 in the 'vastus medialis' of the left quadriceps. RESULTS Pretraining CWRE decreased StO2 (P<0·05) and generated marked StO2 rebound (P<0·001) after unloading in the two groups. After training, VO2 peak increased in H [253(204) ml min-1 ] (P<0·01) and in COPD [180(183) ml·min-1 ] (P = 0·01) and blood lactate fell [-4·4 (2·7) and -1·6(2·3) mmol·m-1 ] (P<0·05 each). Training generated a further fall in StO2 during CWRE [-10(12)% and -10(10)%, P<0·05] and increased StO2 rebound after unloading [8(7)% and 5(9)%, P<0·05] in both groups. CONCLUSION Endurance training further decreased StO2 during CWRE, similarly in both groups, likely due to training-induced enhancement of muscle O2 transfer and utilization. Training-induced StO2 fall during CWRE may be useful individual marker for non-invasive assessment of enhanced muscle aerobic post-training function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anael Barberan-Garcia
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Phillip A Munoz
- Respiratory Investigation Unit, Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Elena Gimeno-Santos
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Felip Burgos
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Torralba
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Concepción Gistau
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Roca
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, CIBERES, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego A Rodriguez
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBERES (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
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Laveneziana P, Albuquerque A, Aliverti A, Babb T, Barreiro E, Dres M, Dubé BP, Fauroux B, Gea J, Guenette JA, Hudson AL, Kabitz HJ, Laghi F, Langer D, Luo YM, Neder JA, O'Donnell D, Polkey MI, Rabinovich R, Rossi A, Series F, Similowski T, Spengler C, Vogiatzis I, Verges S. ERS statement on respiratory muscle testing at rest and during exercise. Eur Respir J 2019; 53:13993003.01214-2018. [DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01214-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Assessing respiratory mechanics and muscle function is critical for both clinical practice and research purposes. Several methodological developments over the past two decades have enhanced our understanding of respiratory muscle function and responses to interventions across the spectrum of health and disease. They are especially useful in diagnosing, phenotyping and assessing treatment efficacy in patients with respiratory symptoms and neuromuscular diseases. Considerable research has been undertaken over the past 17 years, since the publication of the previous American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) statement on respiratory muscle testing in 2002. Key advances have been made in the field of mechanics of breathing, respiratory muscle neurophysiology (electromyography, electroencephalography and transcranial magnetic stimulation) and on respiratory muscle imaging (ultrasound, optoelectronic plethysmography and structured light plethysmography). Accordingly, this ERS task force reviewed the field of respiratory muscle testing in health and disease, with particular reference to data obtained since the previous ATS/ERS statement. It summarises the most recent scientific and methodological developments regarding respiratory mechanics and respiratory muscle assessment by addressing the validity, precision, reproducibility, prognostic value and responsiveness to interventions of various methods. A particular emphasis is placed on assessment during exercise, which is a useful condition to stress the respiratory system.
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25
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Faner R, Morrow JD, Casas-Recasens S, Cloonan SM, Noell G, López-Giraldo A, Tal-Singer R, Miller BE, Silverman EK, Agustí A, Hersh CP. Do sputum or circulating blood samples reflect the pulmonary transcriptomic differences of COPD patients? A multi-tissue transcriptomic network META-analysis. Respir Res 2019; 20:5. [PMID: 30621695 PMCID: PMC6325784 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have identified lung, sputum or blood transcriptomic biomarkers associated with the severity of airflow limitation in COPD. Yet, it is not clear whether the lung pathobiology is mirrored by these surrogate tissues. The aim of this study was to explore this question. METHODS We used Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) to identify shared pathological mechanisms across four COPD gene-expression datasets: two sets of lung tissues (L1 n = 70; L2 n = 124), and one each of induced sputum (S; n = 121) and peripheral blood (B; n = 121). RESULTS WGCNA analysis identified twenty-one gene co-expression modules in L1. A robust module preservation between the two L datasets was observed (86%), with less preservation in S (33%) and even less in B (23%). Three modules preserved across lung tissues and sputum (not blood) were associated with the severity of airflow limitation. Ontology enrichment analysis showed that these modules included genes related to mitochondrial function, ion-homeostasis, T cells and RNA processing. These findings were largely reproduced using the consensus WGCNA network approach. CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate that major differences in lung tissue transcriptomics in patients with COPD are poorly mirrored in sputum and are unrelated to those determined in blood, suggesting that the systemic component in COPD is independently regulated. Finally, the fact that one of the preserved modules associated with FEV1 was enriched in mitochondria-related genes supports a role for mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathobiology of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Faner
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), C/Casanova 143, Cellex, P2A, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jarrett D Morrow
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sandra Casas-Recasens
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), C/Casanova 143, Cellex, P2A, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Suzanne M Cloonan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guillaume Noell
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), C/Casanova 143, Cellex, P2A, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandra López-Giraldo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), C/Casanova 143, Cellex, P2A, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth Tal-Singer
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit GSK R and D, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Bruce E Miller
- Respiratory Therapy Area Unit GSK R and D, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Edwin K Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alvar Agustí
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), C/Casanova 143, Cellex, P2A, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
- Respiratory Institute, Hospital Clinic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Craig P Hersh
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Suzuki M, Muro S, Fukui M, Ishizaki N, Sato S, Shiota T, Endo K, Suzuki T, Mitsuma T, Mishima M, Hirai T. Effects of acupuncture on nutritional state of patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): re-analysis of COPD acupuncture trial, a randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Altern Med 2018; 18:287. [PMID: 30355325 PMCID: PMC6201549 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are an increasing number of evidences that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a systemic illness and that bodyweight loss is its prominent manifestation. We focused on the nutritional outcomes to find out the effectiveness of acupuncture on nutritional state of COPD patients and on their prognosis in our previous interventional study. METHODS The present study is re-analysis of our previous interventional study, COPD Acupuncture Trial (CAT) published in 2012. Data from CAT was re-analyzed in terms of nutritional status, inflammatory biomarkers, and prognostic index. Nutritional states were evaluated by the measurements of body weight, body composition, and muscle strength, and the nutritional hematological examination results (retinol-binding protein (RBP), prealbumin (PA), transferrin (Tf), and hemoglobin (Hb) in serum), and inflammation biomarkers such as carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), High sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP), Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), and Serum Amyloid A (SAA) were measured. The BODE index was measured in terms of prognosis. These measurements were compared between the real acupuncture group (RAG) and the placebo acupuncture group (PAG). All data are presented as mean (SD) or mean (95% CI). The difference between baseline and final volumes was compared using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Moreover, correlations between nutritional hematological examination scores and inflammation biomarker parameters were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. RESULTS After 12 weeks, the change in body weight was significantly greater in the RAG compared with the PAG (mean [SD] difference from baseline: 2.5 [0.4] in RAG vs - 0.5 [1.4] in PAG; mean difference between the groups: 3.00, 95% CI, 2.00 to 4.00 with ANCOVA). Patients in RAG also had improvements in the results of nutritional hematological examination (RBP, PA, Tf, Hb), Inflammation biomarkers (TNF-α, IL-6, SAA, Hs-CRP, COHb) and the BODE index. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated some clear evidences that acupuncture can be a useful adjunctive therapy to improve nutritional state of COPD patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN Clinical Trials Registry ( UMIN000001277 ). Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masao Suzuki
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 21-2 Maeda, Tanisawa, Kawahigashi, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima 969-3492 Japan
- Respiratory Disease Center, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, 2-4-20 Ohgimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-8480 Japan
| | - Shigeo Muro
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-Cho, Kashihara, Nara, 634-8521 Japan
| | - Motonari Fukui
- Respiratory Disease Center, Kitano Hospital, Tazuke Kofukai Medical Research Institute, 2-4-20 Ohgimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka, 530-8480 Japan
| | - Naoto Ishizaki
- Course of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tsukuba University of Technology, 4-12-7 Kasuga, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8521 Japan
| | - Susumu Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501 Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Shiota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shiga General Hospital, 4-30 Moriyama-cho, Moriyama, Shiga 524-8524 Japan
| | - Kazuo Endo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hyogo Prefectural Amagasaki General Medical Center, 2-17-77 Higashinanba-cho, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-8550 Japan
| | - Tomoko Suzuki
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 21-2 Maeda, Tanisawa, Kawahigashi, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima 969-3492 Japan
| | - Tadamichi Mitsuma
- Department of Kampo Medicine, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 21-2 Maeda, Tanisawa, Kawahigashi, Aizuwakamatsu, Fukushima 969-3492 Japan
| | | | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501 Japan
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Lakhdar R, Rabinovich RA. Can muscle protein metabolism be specifically targeted by nutritional support and exercise training in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:S1377-S1389. [PMID: 29928520 PMCID: PMC5989103 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.05.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associates with several extra-pulmonary effects. Muscle dysfunction and wasting is one of the most prominent extra-pulmonary effects and contributes to exercise limitation and health related quality of life (HRQoL), morbidity as well as mortality. The loss of muscle mass is characterised by an impaired balance between protein synthesis (anabolism) and protein breakdown (catabolism) which relates to nutritional disturbances, muscle disuse and the presence of a systemic inflammation, among other factors. Current approaches to reverse skeletal muscle dysfunction and wasting attain only modest improvements. The development of new therapeutic strategies aiming at improving skeletal muscle dysfunction and wasting are needed. This requires a better understanding of the underlying molecular pathways responsible for these abnormalities. In this review we update recent research on protein metabolism, nutritional depletion as well as physical (in)activity in relation to muscle wasting and dysfunction in patients with COPD. We also discuss the role of nutritional supplementation and exercise training as strategies to re-establish the disrupted balance of protein metabolism in the muscle of patients with COPD. Future areas of research and clinical practice directions are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Lakhdar
- ELEGI Colt Laboratory, MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Roberto A. Rabinovich
- ELEGI Colt Laboratory, MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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28
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Gifford JR, Trinity JD, Kwon OS, Layec G, Garten RS, Park SY, Nelson AD, Richardson RS. Altered skeletal muscle mitochondrial phenotype in COPD: disease vs. disuse. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 124:1045-1053. [PMID: 29357496 PMCID: PMC5972462 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00788.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit an altered skeletal muscle mitochondrial phenotype, which often includes reduced mitochondrial density, altered respiratory function, and elevated oxidative stress. As this phenotype may be explained by the sedentary lifestyle that commonly accompanies this disease, the aim of this study was to determine whether such alterations are still evident when patients with COPD are compared to control subjects matched for objectively measured physical activity (PA; accelerometry). Indexes of mitochondrial density [citrate synthase (CS) activity], respiratory function (respirometry in permeabilized fibers), and muscle oxidative stress [4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) content] were assessed in muscle fibers biopsied from the vastus lateralis of nine patients with COPD and nine PA-matched control subjects (CON). Despite performing similar levels of PA (CON: 18 ± 3, COPD: 20 ± 7 daily minutes moderate-to-vigorous PA; CON: 4,596 ± 683, COPD: 4,219 ± 763 steps per day, P > 0.70), patients with COPD still exhibited several alterations in their mitochondrial phenotype, including attenuated skeletal muscle mitochondrial density (CS activity; CON 70.6 ± 3.8, COPD 52.7 ± 6.5 U/mg, P < 0.05), altered mitochondrial respiration [e.g., ratio of complex I-driven state 3 to complex II-driven state 3 (CI/CII); CON: 1.20 ± 0.11, COPD: 0.90 ± 0.05, P < 0.05), and oxidative stress (4-HNE; CON: 1.35 ± 0.19, COPD: 2.26 ± 0.25 relative to β-actin, P < 0.05). Furthermore, CS activity ( r = 0.55), CI/CII ( r = 0.60), and 4-HNE ( r = 0.49) were all correlated with pulmonary function, assessed as forced expiratory volume in 1 s ( P < 0.05), but not PA ( P > 0.05). In conclusion, the altered mitochondrial phenotype in COPD is present even in the absence of differing levels of PA and appears to be related to the disease itself. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with debilitating alterations in the function of skeletal muscle mitochondria. By comparing the mitochondrial phenotype of patients with COPD to that of healthy control subjects who perform the same amount of physical activity each day, this study provides evidence that many aspects of the dysfunctional mitochondrial phenotype observed in COPD are not merely due to reduced physical activity but are likely related to the disease itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayson R Gifford
- Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University , Provo, Utah
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Department of Veterans Medical Center , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Joel D Trinity
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Department of Veterans Medical Center , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Oh-Sung Kwon
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Department of Veterans Medical Center , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Gwenael Layec
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Department of Veterans Medical Center , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ryan S Garten
- Department of Exercise Science, Health, and Movement Science, Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond, Virginia
| | - Song-Young Park
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Ashley D Nelson
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Department of Veterans Medical Center , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Russell S Richardson
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Department of Veterans Medical Center , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
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Lee S, Weng JT, Hsu PW, Chuang T, Liu C, Chen C, Wu LS. Whole-genome methylation profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cell for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treated with corticosteroid. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2018; 28:78-85. [DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Frykholm E, Lima VP, Janaudis-Ferreira T, Nyberg A. Physiological responses to arm versus leg activity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019942. [PMID: 29467135 PMCID: PMC5855361 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Compared with healthy older adults, people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have reduced capacity and increased symptoms during leg and arm activities. While the mechanisms underlying limitations and symptoms during leg activities have been investigated in detail, limitations and symptoms during arm activities are not well understood, and the potential differences between physiological responses of leg and arm activities have not been systematically synthesised. Determining physiological responses and symptoms of arm activities compared with physiological responses and symptoms of leg activities will help us understand the mechanisms behind the difficulties that people with COPD experience when performing physical activities, and determine how exercise training should be prescribed. Thus, the aim of this systematic review is to compare the physiological responses and symptoms during activities involving the arms relative to activities involving the legs in people diagnosed with COPD. METHODS AND ANALYSES This protocol is reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols. Potentially relevant studies will be identified from CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and PubMed databases. The Population, Exposure, Comparator, Outcomes, and Study characteristics framework will be used to systematise the process of selecting and extracting data from relevant studies. Assessment of the methodological quality of the studies will be done by using the 14 most relevant components from the checklist by Downs and Black. The result will be presented with a narrative synthesis, and if appropriate with meta-analyses. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required as this study is a systematic review. It is our intention to submit the results of our review for peer-reviewed publication. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42017074476.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Frykholm
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Vanessa Pereira Lima
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tania Janaudis-Ferreira
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Translational Research in Respiratory Diseases Program, Research institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Andre Nyberg
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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31
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Tényi Á, Cano I, Marabita F, Kiani N, Kalko SG, Barreiro E, de Atauri P, Cascante M, Gomez-Cabrero D, Roca J. Network modules uncover mechanisms of skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD patients. J Transl Med 2018; 16:34. [PMID: 29463285 PMCID: PMC5819708 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients often show skeletal muscle dysfunction that has a prominent negative impact on prognosis. The study aims to further explore underlying mechanisms of skeletal muscle dysfunction as a characteristic systemic effect of COPD, potentially modifiable with preventive interventions (i.e. muscle training). The research analyzes network module associated pathways and evaluates the findings using independent measurements. Methods We characterized the transcriptionally active network modules of interacting proteins in the vastus lateralis of COPD patients (n = 15, FEV1 46 ± 12% pred, age 68 ± 7 years) and healthy sedentary controls (n = 12, age 65 ± 9 years), at rest and after an 8-week endurance training program. Network modules were functionally evaluated using experimental data derived from the same study groups. Results At baseline, we identified four COPD specific network modules indicating abnormalities in creatinine metabolism, calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, showing statistically significant associations with exercise capacity (VO2 peak, Watts peak, BODE index and blood lactate levels) (P < 0.05 each), but not with lung function (FEV1). Training-induced network modules displayed marked differences between COPD and controls. Healthy subjects specific training adaptations were significantly associated with cell bioenergetics (P < 0.05) which, in turn, showed strong relationships with training-induced plasma metabolomic changes; whereas, effects of training in COPD were constrained to muscle remodeling. Conclusion In summary, altered muscle bioenergetics appears as the most striking finding, potentially driving other abnormal skeletal muscle responses. Trial registration The study was based on a retrospectively registered trial (May 2017), ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03169270 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-018-1405-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ákos Tényi
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isaac Cano
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Marabita
- Unit of Computational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Narsis Kiani
- Unit of Computational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susana G Kalko
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Bioinformatics Core Facility, IDIBAPS-CEK, Hospital Clínic, University de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Barreiro
- Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.,Pulmonology Dept, Muscle and Respiratory System Research Unit, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, PRBB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro de Atauri
- Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia-IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cascante
- Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia-IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Gomez-Cabrero
- Unit of Computational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, King's College London Dental Institute, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Josep Roca
- Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. .,Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.
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Dela Cruz CS, Kang MJ. Mitochondrial dysfunction and damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in chronic inflammatory diseases. Mitochondrion 2017; 41:37-44. [PMID: 29221810 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation represents a comprehensive host response to external stimuli for the purpose of eliminating the offending agent, minimizing injury to host tissues and fostering repair of damaged tissues back to homeostatic levels. In normal physiologic context, inflammatory response culminates with the resolution of infection and tissue damage response. However, in a pathologic context, persistent or inappropriately regulated inflammation occurs that can lead to chronic inflammatory diseases. Recent scientific advances have integrated the role of innate immune response to be an important arm of the inflammatory process. Accordingly, the dysregulation of innate immunity has been increasingly recognized as a driving force of chronic inflammatory diseases. Mitochondria have recently emerged as organelles which govern fundamental cellular functions including cell proliferation or differentiation, cell death, metabolism and cellular signaling that are important in innate immunity and inflammation-mediated diseases. As a natural consequence, mitochondrial dysfunction has been highlighted in a myriad of chronic inflammatory diseases. Moreover, the similarities between mitochondrial and bacterial constituents highlight the intrinsic links in the innate immune mechanisms that control chronic inflammation in diseases where mitochondrial damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) have been involved. Here in this review, the role of mitochondria in innate immune responses is discussed and how it pertains to the mitochondrial dysfunction or DAMPs seen in chronic inflammatory diseases is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles S Dela Cruz
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8057, United States.
| | - Min-Jong Kang
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8057, United States.
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Bewley MA, Preston JA, Mohasin M, Marriott HM, Budd RC, Swales J, Collini P, Greaves DR, Craig RW, Brightling CE, Donnelly LE, Barnes PJ, Singh D, Shapiro SD, Whyte MKB, Dockrell DH. Impaired Mitochondrial Microbicidal Responses in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Macrophages. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:845-855. [PMID: 28557543 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201608-1714oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by impaired clearance of pulmonary bacteria. OBJECTIVES The effect of COPD on alveolar macrophage (AM) microbicidal responses was investigated. METHODS AMs were obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy donors or patients with COPD and challenged with opsonized serotype 14 Streptococcus pneumoniae. Cells were assessed for apoptosis, bactericidal activity, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) production. A transgenic mouse line in which the CD68 promoter ensures macrophage-specific expression of human induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 (CD68.hMcl-1) was used to model the molecular aspects of COPD. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS COPD AMs had elevated levels of Mcl-1, an antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 family member, with selective reduction of delayed intracellular bacterial killing. CD68.hMcl-1 AMs phenocopied the microbicidal defect because transgenic mice demonstrated impaired clearance of pulmonary bacteria and increased neutrophilic inflammation. Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and human monocyte-derived macrophages generated mROS in response to pneumococci, which colocalized with bacteria and phagolysosomes to enhance bacterial killing. The Mcl-1 transgene increased oxygen consumption rates and mROS expression in mock-infected bone marrow-derived macrophages but reduced caspase-dependent mROS production after pneumococcal challenge. COPD AMs also increased basal mROS expression, but they failed to increase production after pneumococcal challenge, in keeping with reduced intracellular bacterial killing. The defect in COPD AM intracellular killing was associated with a reduced ratio of mROS/superoxide dismutase 2. CONCLUSIONS Up-regulation of Mcl-1 and chronic adaption to oxidative stress alter mitochondrial metabolism and microbicidal function, reducing the delayed phase of intracellular bacterial clearance in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A Bewley
- 1 The Florey Institute for Host-Pathogen Interactions and.,2 Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A Preston
- 1 The Florey Institute for Host-Pathogen Interactions and.,2 Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Mohasin
- 1 The Florey Institute for Host-Pathogen Interactions and.,2 Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Helen M Marriott
- 1 The Florey Institute for Host-Pathogen Interactions and.,2 Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C Budd
- 1 The Florey Institute for Host-Pathogen Interactions and.,2 Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,3 Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Swales
- 1 The Florey Institute for Host-Pathogen Interactions and.,2 Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Collini
- 1 The Florey Institute for Host-Pathogen Interactions and.,2 Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom.,3 Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - David R Greaves
- 4 Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth W Craig
- 5 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | | | - Louise E Donnelly
- 7 Airway Disease National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Barnes
- 7 Airway Disease National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dave Singh
- 8 Centre for Respiratory and Allergy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,9 Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester, United Kingdom.,10 University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Steven D Shapiro
- 11 Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Moira K B Whyte
- 12 Department of Respiratory Medicine.,13 MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, and
| | - David H Dockrell
- 13 MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, and.,14 Department of Infection Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Zhang JQ, Long XY, Xie Y, Zhao ZH, Fang LZ, Liu L, Fu WP, Shu JK, Wu JH, Dai LM. Relationship between PPARα mRNA expression and mitochondrial respiratory function and ultrastructure of the skeletal muscle of patients with COPD. Bioengineered 2017; 8:723-731. [PMID: 28708015 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2017.1346757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral muscle dysfunction is an important complication in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) mRNA expression and the respiratory function and ultrastructure of mitochondria in the vastus lateralis of patients with COPD. Vastus lateralis biopsies were performed on 14 patients with COPD and 6 control subjects with normal lung function. PPARα mRNA levels in the muscle tissue were detected by real-time PCR. A Clark oxygen electrode was used to assess mitochondrial respiratory function. Mitochondrial number, fractional area in skeletal muscle cross-sections, and Z-line width were observed via transmission electron microscopy. The PPARα mRNA expression was significantly lower in COPD patients with low body mass index (BMIL) than in both COPD patients with normal body mass index (BMIN) and controls. Mitochondrial respiratory function (assessed by respiratory control ratio) was impaired in COPD patients, particularly in BMIL. Compared with that in the control group, mitochondrial number and fractional area were lower in the BMIL group, but were maintained in the BMIN group. Further, the Z-line became narrow in the BMIL group. PPARα mRNA expression was positively related to mitochondrial respiratory function and volume density. In COPD patients with BMIN, mitochondria volume density was maintained, while respiratory function decreased, whereas both volume density and respiratory function decreased in COPD patients with BMIL. PPARα mRNA expression levels are associated with decreased mitochondrial respiratory function and volume density, which may contribute to muscle dysfunction in COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qing Zhang
- a Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Xiang-Yu Long
- a Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Yu Xie
- b Department of hematology , the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Zhi-Huan Zhao
- a Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Li-Zhou Fang
- a Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Ling Liu
- a Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Wei-Ping Fu
- a Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Jing-Kui Shu
- a Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Jiang-Hai Wu
- a Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
| | - Lu-Ming Dai
- a Department of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine , the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University , Kunming , China
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Layton AM, Armstrong HF, Baldwin MR, Podolanczuk AJ, Pieszchata NM, Singer JP, Arcasoy SM, Meza KS, D'Ovidio F, Lederer DJ. Frailty and maximal exercise capacity in adult lung transplant candidates. Respir Med 2017; 131:70-76. [PMID: 28947046 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frail lung transplant candidates are more likely to be delisted or die without receiving a transplant. Further knowledge of what frailty represents in this population will assist in developing interventions to prevent frailty from developing. We set out to determine whether frail lung transplant candidates have reduced exercise capacity independent of disease severity and diagnosis. METHODS Sixty-eight adult lung transplant candidates underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) and a frailty assessment (Fried's Frailty Phenotype (FFP)). Primary outcomes were peak workload and peak aerobic capacity (V˙O2). We used linear regression to adjust for age, gender, diagnosis, and lung allocation score (LAS). RESULTS The mean ± SD age was 57 ± 11 years, 51% were women, 57% had interstitial lung disease, 32% had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 11% had cystic fibrosis, and the mean LAS was 40.2 (range 19.2-94.5). In adjusted models, peak workload decreased by 10 W (95% CI 4.7 to 14.6) and peak V˙O2 decreased by 1.8 mL/kg/min (95% CI 0.6 to 2.9) per 1 unit increment in FFP score. After adjustment, exercise tolerance was 38 W lower (95% CI 18.4 to 58.1) and peak V˙O2 was 8.5 mL/kg/min lower (95% CI 3.3 to 13.7) among frail participants compared to non-frail participants. Frailty accounted for 16% of the variance (R2) of watts and 19% of the variance of V˙O2 in adjusted models. CONCLUSION Frailty contributes to reduced exercise capacity among lung transplant candidates independent of disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimee M Layton
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Hilary F Armstrong
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew R Baldwin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anna J Podolanczuk
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole M Pieszchata
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan P Singer
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Selim M Arcasoy
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Frank D'Ovidio
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David J Lederer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Marín de Mas I, Fanchon E, Papp B, Kalko S, Roca J, Cascante M. Molecular mechanisms underlying COPD-muscle dysfunction unveiled through a systems medicine approach. Bioinformatics 2016; 33:95-103. [PMID: 27794560 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Skeletal muscle dysfunction is a systemic effect in one-third of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by high reactive-oxygen-species (ROS) production and abnormal endurance training-induced adaptive changes. However, the role of ROS in COPD remains unclear, not least because of the lack of appropriate tools to study multifactorial diseases. RESULTS We describe a discrete model-driven method combining mechanistic and probabilistic approaches to decipher the role of ROS on the activity state of skeletal muscle regulatory network, assessed before and after an 8-week endurance training program in COPD patients and healthy subjects. In COPD, our computational analysis indicates abnormal training-induced regulatory responses leading to defective tissue remodeling and abnormal energy metabolism. Moreover, we identified tnf, insr, inha and myc as key regulators of abnormal training-induced adaptations in COPD. The tnf-insr pair was identified as a promising target for therapeutic interventions. Our work sheds new light on skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD, opening new avenues for cost-effective therapies. It overcomes limitations of previous computational approaches showing high potential for the study of other multi-factorial diseases such as diabetes or cancer. CONTACT jroca@clinic.ub.es or martacascante@ub.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Marín de Mas
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of University of Barcelona (IBUB) and IDIBAPS, Diagonal 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institut d' Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Eric Fanchon
- Université Grenoble Alpes-CNRS, TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525, Faculté de Médecine, Grenoble 38041, France
| | - Balázs Papp
- Synthetic and Systems Biology Unit, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged H-6726, Hungary
| | - Susana Kalko
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, IDIBAPS-CEK, Hospital Clínic, University de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Josep Roca
- Institut d' Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, CIBERES, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Marta Cascante
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of University of Barcelona (IBUB) and IDIBAPS, Diagonal 645, Barcelona 08028, Spain.,Institut d' Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona 08028, Spain
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37
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Duan Y, Zhou M, Xiao J, Wu C, Zhou L, Zhou F, Du C, Song Y. Prediction of key genes and miRNAs responsible for loss of muscle force in patients during an acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Mol Med 2016; 38:1450-1462. [PMID: 28025995 PMCID: PMC5065306 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to identify genes and microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) that were abnormally expressed in the vastus lateralis muscle of patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The gene expression profile of GSE10828 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and this dataset was comprised of 4 samples from patients with AECOPD and 5 samples from patients with stable COPD. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the Limma package in R. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was built based on the STRING database. Module analysis of the PPI network was performed using the ClusterONE plugin and functional analysis of DEGs was conducted using DAVID. Additionally, key miRNAs were enriched using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) software and a miR-gene regulatory network was constructed using Cytoscape software. In total, 166 up- and 129 downregulated DEGs associated with muscle weakness in AECOPD were screened. Among them, NCL, GOT1, TMOD1, TSPO, SOD2, NCL and PA2G4 were observed in the modules consisting of upregulated or downregulated genes. The upregulated DEGs in modules (including KLF6 and XRCC5) were enriched in GO terms associated with immune system development, whereas the downregulated DEGs were enriched in GO terms associated with cell death and muscle contraction. Additionally, 39 key AECOPD-related miRNAs were also predicted, including miR-1, miR-9 and miR-23a, miR-16 and miR-15a. In conclusion, DEGs (NCL, GOT1, SOD2, KLF6, XRCC5, TSPO and TMOD1) and miRNAs (such as miR-1, miR-9 and miR-23a) may be associated with the loss of muscle force in patients during an acute exacerbation of COPD which also may act as therapeutic targets in the treatment of AECOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Duan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jinshan Branch of The Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai 201599, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Chaomin Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Chunling Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201700, P.R. China
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van de Bool C, Gosker HR, van den Borst B, Op den Kamp CM, Slot IG, Schols AM. Muscle Quality is More Impaired in Sarcopenic Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:415-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.12.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Taivassalo T, Hussain SN. Contribution of the Mitochondria to Locomotor Muscle Dysfunction in Patients With COPD. Chest 2016; 149:1302-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Abstract
Context: The reported prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) varies among different groups of cardiac surgical patients. Moreover, the prognostic value of preoperative COPD in outcome prediction is controversial. Aims: The present study assessed the morbidity in the different levels of COPD severity and the role of pulmonary function indices in predicting morbidity in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Settings and Design: Patients who were candidates for isolated CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass who were recruited for Tehran Heart Center-Coronary Outcome Measurement Study. Methods: Based on spirometry findings, diagnosis of COPD was considered based on Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease category as forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1]/forced vital capacity <0.7 (absolute value, not the percentage of the predicted). Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) definition was used for determining COPD severity and the patients were divided into three groups: Control group (FEV1 >75% predicted), mild (FEV1 60–75% predicted), moderate (FEV1 50–59% predicted), severe (FEV1<50% predicted). The preoperative pulmonary function indices were assessed as predictors, and postoperative morbidity was considered the surgical outcome. Results: This study included 566 consecutive patients. Patients with and without COPD were similar regarding baseline characteristics and clinical data. Hypertension, recent myocardial infarction, and low ejection fraction were higher in patients with different degrees of COPD than the control group while male gender was more frequent in control patients than the others. Restrictive lung disease and current cigarette smoking did not have any significant impact on postoperative complications. We found a borderline P = 0.057 with respect to respiratory failure among different patients of COPD severity so that 14.1% patients in control group, 23.5% in mild, 23.4% in moderate, and 21.9% in severe COPD categories developed respiratory failure after CABG surgery. Conclusion: Among post-CABG complications, patients with different levels of COPD based on STS definition, more frequently developed respiratory failure. This finding may imply the prognostic value of preoperative pulmonary function test for determining COPD severity and postoperative morbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Najafi
- Department of Anesthesiology; Department of Research, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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41
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Abstract
Mitochondria are a distinguishing feature of eukaryotic cells. Best known for their critical function in energy production via oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), mitochondria are essential for nutrient and oxygen sensing and for the regulation of critical cellular processes, including cell death and inflammation. Such diverse functional roles for organelles that were once thought to be simple may be attributed to their distinct heteroplasmic genome, exclusive maternal lineage of inheritance, and ability to generate signals to communicate with other cellular organelles. Mitochondria are now thought of as one of the cell's most sophisticated and dynamic responsive sensing systems. Specific signatures of mitochondrial dysfunction that are associated with disease pathogenesis and/or progression are becoming increasingly important. In particular, the centrality of mitochondria in the pathological processes and clinical phenotypes associated with a range of lung diseases is emerging. Understanding the molecular mechanisms regulating the mitochondrial processes of lung cells will help to better define phenotypes and clinical manifestations associated with respiratory disease and to identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Davidsen PK, Turan N, Egginton S, Falciani F. Multilevel functional genomics data integration as a tool for understanding physiology: a network biology perspective. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 120:297-309. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01110.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The overall aim of physiological research is to understand how living systems function in an integrative manner. Consequently, the discipline of physiology has since its infancy attempted to link multiple levels of biological organization. Increasingly this has involved mathematical and computational approaches, typically to model a small number of components spanning several levels of biological organization. With the advent of “omics” technologies, which can characterize the molecular state of a cell or tissue (intended as the level of expression and/or activity of its molecular components), the number of molecular components we can quantify has increased exponentially. Paradoxically, the unprecedented amount of experimental data has made it more difficult to derive conceptual models underlying essential mechanisms regulating mammalian physiology. We present an overview of state-of-the-art methods currently used to identifying biological networks underlying genomewide responses. These are based on a data-driven approach that relies on advanced computational methods designed to “learn” biology from observational data. In this review, we illustrate an application of these computational methodologies using a case study integrating an in vivo model representing the transcriptional state of hypoxic skeletal muscle with a clinical study representing muscle wasting in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. The broader application of these approaches to modeling multiple levels of biological data in the context of modern physiology is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K. Davidsen
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Nil Turan
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom; and
| | - Stuart Egginton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Falciani
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Tényi Á, de Atauri P, Gomez-Cabrero D, Cano I, Clarke K, Falciani F, Cascante M, Roca J, Maier D. ChainRank, a chain prioritisation method for contextualisation of biological networks. BMC Bioinformatics 2016; 17:17. [PMID: 26729273 PMCID: PMC4700624 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-015-0864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in high throughput technologies and growth of biomedical knowledge have contributed to an exponential increase in associative data. These data can be represented in the form of complex networks of biological associations, which are suitable for systems analyses. However, these networks usually lack both, context specificity in time and space as well as the distinctive borders, which are usually assigned in the classical pathway view of molecular events (e.g. signal transduction). This complexity and high interconnectedness call for automated techniques that can identify smaller targeted subnetworks specific to a given research context (e.g. a disease scenario). RESULTS Our method, named ChainRank, finds relevant subnetworks by identifying and scoring chains of interactions that link specific network components. Scores can be generated from integrating multiple general and context specific measures (e.g. experimental molecular data from expression to proteomics and metabolomics, literature evidence, network topology). The performance of the novel ChainRank method was evaluated on recreating selected signalling pathways from a human protein interaction network. Specifically, we recreated skeletal muscle specific signaling networks in healthy and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contexts. The analysis showed that ChainRank can identify main mediators of context specific molecular signalling. An improvement of up to factor 2.5 was shown in the precision of finding proteins of the recreated pathways compared to random simulation. CONCLUSIONS ChainRank provides a framework, which can integrate several user-defined scores and evaluate their combined effect on ranking interaction chains linking input data sets. It can be used to contextualise networks, identify signaling and regulatory path amongst targeted genes or to analyse synthetic lethality in the context of anticancer therapy. ChainRank is implemented in R programming language and freely available at https://github.com/atenyi/ChainRank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ákos Tényi
- Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Research Institute, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 07110, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Pedro de Atauri
- Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Research Institute, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia-IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - David Gomez-Cabrero
- Unit of computational Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Isaac Cano
- Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Research Institute, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 07110, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Kim Clarke
- Integrative Systems Biology, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Francesco Falciani
- Integrative Systems Biology, University of Liverpool, L69 3BX, Liverpool, UK.
| | - Marta Cascante
- Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Research Institute, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Biologia-IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josep Roca
- Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Research Institute, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes), 07110, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Dieter Maier
- Biomax Informatics AG, D-82152, Planegg, Germany.
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Gifford JR, Trinity JD, Layec G, Garten RS, Park SY, Rossman MJ, Larsen S, Dela F, Richardson RS. Quadriceps exercise intolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: the potential role of altered skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:882-8. [PMID: 26272320 PMCID: PMC4610006 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00460.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to determine if qualitative alterations in skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration, associated with decreased mitochondrial efficiency, contribute to exercise intolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Using permeabilized muscle fibers from the vastus lateralis of 13 patients with COPD and 12 healthy controls, complex I (CI) and complex II (CII)-driven State 3 mitochondrial respiration were measured separately (State 3:CI and State 3:CII) and in combination (State 3:CI+CII). State 2 respiration was also measured. Exercise tolerance was assessed by knee extensor exercise (KE) time to fatigue. Per milligram of muscle, State 3:CI+CII and State 3:CI were reduced in COPD (P < 0.05), while State 3:CII and State 2 were not different between groups. To determine if this altered pattern of respiration represented qualitative changes in mitochondrial function, respiration states were examined as percentages of peak respiration (State 3:CI+CII), which revealed altered contributions from State 3:CI (Con 83.7 ± 3.4, COPD 72.1 ± 2.4%Peak, P < 0.05) and State 3:CII (Con 64.9 ± 3.2, COPD 79.5 ± 3.0%Peak, P < 0.05) respiration, but not State 2 respiration in COPD. Importantly, a diminished contribution of CI-driven respiration relative to the metabolically less-efficient CII-driven respiration (CI/CII) was also observed in COPD (Con 1.28 ± 0.09, COPD 0.81 ± 0.05, P < 0.05), which was related to exercise tolerance of the patients (r = 0.64, P < 0.05). Overall, this study indicates that COPD is associated with qualitative alterations in skeletal muscle mitochondria that affect the contribution of CI and CII-driven respiration, which potentially contributes to the exercise intolerance associated with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayson R Gifford
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Joel D Trinity
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Gwenael Layec
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Ryan S Garten
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | - Song-Young Park
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Matthew J Rossman
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Steen Larsen
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Flemming Dela
- Xlab, Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Russell S Richardson
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
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Barberan-Garcia A, Rodríguez DA, Blanco I, Gea J, Torralba Y, Arbillaga-Etxarri A, Barberà JA, Vilaró J, Roca J, Orozco-Levi M. Non-anaemic iron deficiency impairs response to pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD. Respirology 2015; 20:1089-95. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.12591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anael Barberan-Garcia
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona; Thorax Clinic Institute; Respiratory Diagnostic Centre; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES); Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Diego Agustín Rodríguez
- Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES); Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Parc de Salut Mar; Pulmonary Medicine Department; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Isabel Blanco
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona; Thorax Clinic Institute; Respiratory Diagnostic Centre; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES); Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Joaquim Gea
- Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES); Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Parc de Salut Mar; Pulmonary Medicine Department; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Yolanda Torralba
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona; Thorax Clinic Institute; Respiratory Diagnostic Centre; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES); Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Ane Arbillaga-Etxarri
- Epidemiology Department; Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL); Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP); Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Joan Albert Barberà
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona; Thorax Clinic Institute; Respiratory Diagnostic Centre; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES); Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Jordi Vilaró
- Blanquerna Health Sciences Faculty; Ramon Llull University; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Josep Roca
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona; Thorax Clinic Institute; Respiratory Diagnostic Centre; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS); University of Barcelona; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES); Barcelona Catalonia Spain
| | - Mauricio Orozco-Levi
- Center for Biomedical Network Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES); Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Parc de Salut Mar; Pulmonary Medicine Department; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona Catalonia Spain
- Respiratory Department; Cardiovascular Foundation from Colombia Floridablanca; Santander Colombia
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Op den Kamp CM, Gosker HR, Lagarde S, Tan DY, Snepvangers FJ, Dingemans AMC, Langen RCJ, Schols AMWJ. Preserved muscle oxidative metabolic phenotype in newly diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer cachexia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2015; 6:164-73. [PMID: 26136192 PMCID: PMC4458082 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cachexia augments cancer-related mortality and has devastating effects on quality of life. Pre-clinical studies indicate that systemic inflammation-induced loss of muscle oxidative phenotype (OXPHEN) stimulates cancer-induced muscle wasting. The aim of the current proof of concept study is to validate the presence of muscle OXPHEN loss in newly diagnosed patients with lung cancer, especially in those with cachexia. METHODS Quadriceps muscle biopsies of comprehensively phenotyped pre-cachectic (n = 10) and cachectic (n = 16) patients with non-small cell lung cancer prior to treatment were compared with healthy age-matched controls (n = 22). OXPHEN was determined by assessing muscle fibre type distribution (immunohistochemistry), enzyme activity (spectrophotometry), and protein expression levels of mitochondrial complexes (western blot) as well as transcript levels of (regulatory) oxidative genes (quantitative real-time PCR). Additionally, muscle fibre cross-sectional area (immunohistochemistry) and systemic inflammation (multiplex analysis) were assessed. RESULTS Muscle fibre cross-sectional area was smaller, and plasma levels of interleukin 6 were significantly higher in cachectic patients compared with non-cachectic patients and healthy controls. No differences in muscle fibre type distribution or oxidative and glycolytic enzyme activities were observed between the groups. Mitochondrial protein expression and gene expression levels of their regulators were also not different. CONCLUSION Muscle OXPHEN is preserved in newly diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer and therefore not a primary trigger of cachexia in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine M Op den Kamp
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry R Gosker
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne Lagarde
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Y Tan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J Snepvangers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne-Marie C Dingemans
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon C J Langen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annemie M W J Schols
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Remels AHV, Gosker HR, Verhees KJP, Langen RCJ, Schols AMWJ. TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation stimulates skeletal muscle glycolytic metabolism through activation of HIF-1α. Endocrinology 2015; 156:1770-81. [PMID: 25710281 DOI: 10.1210/en.2014-1591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A shift in quadriceps muscle metabolic profile toward decreased oxidative metabolism and increased glycolysis is a consistent finding in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Chronic inflammation has been proposed as a trigger of this pathological metabolic adaptation. Indeed, the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α impairs muscle oxidative metabolism through activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. Putative effects on muscle glycolysis, however, are unclear. We hypothesized that TNF-α-induced NF-κB signaling stimulates muscle glycolytic metabolism through activation of the glycolytic regulator hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α). Wild-type C2C12 and C2C12-IκBα-SR (blocked NF-κB signaling) myotubes were stimulated with TNF-α, and its effects on glycolytic metabolism and involvement of the HIF pathway herein were investigated. As proof of principle, expression of HIF signaling constituents was investigated in quadriceps muscle biopsies of a previously well-characterized cohort of clinically stable patients with severe COPD and healthy matched controls. TNF-α increased myotube glucose uptake and lactate production and enhanced the activity and expression levels of multiple effectors of muscle glycolytic metabolism in a NF-κB-dependent manner. In addition, TNF-α activated HIF signaling, which required classical NF-κB activation. Moreover, the knockdown of HIF-1α largely attenuated TNF-α-induced increases in glycolytic metabolism. Accordingly, the mRNA levels of HIF-1α and the HIF-1α target gene, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), were increased in muscle biopsies of COPD patients compared with controls, which was most pronounced in the patients with high levels of muscle TNF-α. In conclusion, these data show that TNF-α-induced classical NF-κB activation enhances muscle glycolytic metabolism in a HIF-1α-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H V Remels
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center +, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Evans RA, Kaplovitch E, Beauchamp MK, Dolmage TE, Goldstein RS, Gillies CL, Brooks D, Mathur S. Is Quadriceps Endurance Reduced in COPD? Chest 2015; 147:673-684. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.14-1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Rabinovich RA, Drost E, Manning JR, Dunbar DR, Díaz-Ramos M, Lakhdar R, Bastos R, MacNee W. Genome-wide mRNA expression profiling in vastus lateralis of COPD patients with low and normal fat free mass index and healthy controls. Respir Res 2015; 16:1. [PMID: 25567521 PMCID: PMC4333166 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-014-0139-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has significant systemic effects beyond the lungs amongst which muscle wasting is a prominent contributor to exercise limitation and an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality. The molecular mechanisms leading to skeletal muscle dysfunction/wasting are not fully understood and are likely to be multi-factorial. The need to develop therapeutic strategies aimed at improving skeletal muscle dysfunction/wasting requires a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for these abnormalities. Microarrays are powerful tools that allow the investigation of the expression of thousands of genes, virtually the whole genome, simultaneously. We aim at identifying genes and molecular pathways involved in skeletal muscle wasting in COPD. METHODS We assessed and compared the vastus lateralis transcriptome of COPD patients with low fat free mass index (FFMI) as a surrogate of muscle mass (COPDL) (FEV1 30 ± 3.6%pred, FFMI 15 ± 0.2 Kg.m(-2)) with patients with COPD and normal FFMI (COPDN) (FEV1 44 ± 5.8%pred, FFMI 19 ± 0.5 Kg.m(-2)) and a group of age and sex matched healthy controls (C) (FEV1 95 ± 3.9%pred, FFMI 20 ± 0.8 Kg.m(-2)) using Agilent Human Whole Genome 4x44K microarrays. The altered expression of several of these genes was confirmed by real time TaqMan PCR. Protein levels of P21 were assessed by immunoblotting. RESULTS A subset of 42 genes was differentially expressed in COPDL in comparison to both COPDN and C (PFP < 0.05; -1.5 ≥ FC ≥ 1.5). The altered expression of several of these genes was confirmed by real time TaqMan PCR and correlated with different functional and structural muscle parameters. Five of these genes (CDKN1A, GADD45A, PMP22, BEX2, CGREF1, CYR61), were associated with cell cycle arrest and growth regulation and had been previously identified in studies relating muscle wasting and ageing. Protein levels of CDKN1A, a recognized marker of premature ageing/cell cycle arrest, were also found to be increased in COPDL. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of differentially expressed genes in peripheral muscle in COPD patients corresponding to relevant biological processes associated with skeletal muscle wasting and provides potential targets for future therapeutic interventions to prevent loss of muscle function and mass in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto A Rabinovich
- ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Ellen Drost
- ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Jonathan R Manning
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| | - Donald R Dunbar
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK.
| | - MaCarmen Díaz-Ramos
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ramzi Lakhdar
- ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH16 4TJ, UK.
| | - Ricardo Bastos
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
- Ciber de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - William MacNee
- ELEGI Colt Laboratory, Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland, EH16 4TJ, UK.
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Bozinovski S, Anthony D, Vlahos R. Targeting pro-resolution pathways to combat chronic inflammation in COPD. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6:1548-56. [PMID: 25478196 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.08.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory lung condition that is associated with irreversible airflow obstruction as a consequence of small airways disease, excessive mucus production and emphysema. Paradoxically, excessive inflammation fails to control microbial pathogens that not only colonise COPD airways, but also trigger acute exacerbations, which markedly increase inflammation underlying host tissue damage. Excessive production of leukocyte mobilising cytokines such as CXCL8 (IL-8) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) in response to environmental stimuli (cigarette smoke and microbial products) are thought to maintain chronic inflammation, in conjunction with inefficient macrophage clearance of microbes and apoptotic neutrophils. In this perspective, we discuss an alternative view on why inflammation persists with a focus on why pro-resolution mediators such as lipoxin A4 (LXA4), D-series resolving and Annexin A1 fail to effectively switch off inflammation in COPD. These pro-resolving mediators converge on the G-protein coupled receptor, ALX/FPR2. This receptor is particularly relevant to COPD as the complex milieu of exogenous and host-derived mediators within the inflamed airways include agonists that potently activate ALX/FPR2, including Serum Amyloid A (SAA) and the cathelicidin, LL-37. There is emerging evidence to suggest that ALX/FPR2 can exist in alternative receptor conformations in an agonist-biased manner, which facilitates alternate functional receptor behaviors. Hence, the development of more stable pro-resolving analogs provides therapeutic opportunities to address ALX/FPR2 conformations to counteract pathogenic signaling and promote non-phlogistic clearance pathways essential for resolution of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Bozinovski
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Desiree Anthony
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Ross Vlahos
- Lung Health Research Centre, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
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