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Sluka B, Held U, Wegehaupt F, Neuhaus KW, Attin T, Sahrmann P. Is there a rise of prevalence for Molar Incisor Hypomineralization? A meta-analysis of published data. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:127. [PMID: 38273324 PMCID: PMC10809700 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03637-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Since Molar Incisor Hypomineralization was first described as a pathologic entity, public perception often suggests a considerable rise in prevalence of the respective disease. Since there are still considerable doubts regarding the etiology and-accordingly-prevention of MIH and respective therapeutic approaches are difficult this question is of considerable clinical and public interest. Accordingly, a systematic literature search in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews on Medline, Cochrane Database, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, Google scholar, Scopus was performed to retrieve original articles reporting the prevalence of MIH as defined by the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (EAPD). From initially 2360 retrieved titles, 344 full texts were assessed for possible inclusion and finally 167 articles of mainly moderate to high quality and based on data of 46'613 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. All studies published before 2001 had to be excluded since it was not possible to align the findings with the EAPD classification. Studies varied considerably regarding cohort size (25 to 23'320, mean 1'235)) and age (5.6-19 y, mean 9.8 y). Over all studies, the weighted mean for the prevalence for MIH was 12.8% (95% CI 11.5%-14.1%) and no significant changes with respect to either publication year or birthyear were found. A sub-analysis of eleven studies reporting on the prevalence in different age groups, however, revealed strong evidence for an increasing prevalence between the years 1992 (3%) and 2013 (13%).Therefore, based on data from cross-sectional studies a possible rise in prevalence of MIH remains unclear. Future prospective large-scale studies under standardized examination conditions with an emphasis on examiner calibration are needed to gain better understanding in the evolution of the prevalence of MIH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrike Held
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Wegehaupt
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus W Neuhaus
- Department of General Pediatric and Adolescent Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Sahrmann
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Harz D, Catalán Gamonal B, Matute García S, Jeremias F, Martin J, Fresno MC. Prevalence and severity of molar-incisor hypomineralization, is there an association with socioeconomic status? A cross-sectional study in Chilean schoolchildren. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2023; 24:577-584. [PMID: 37432610 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00820-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Data about molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) prevalence and its severity remains limited for some Latin American countries. Furthermore, its association with socioeconomic status (SES) is still unclear. Thus, this study aims to determine the prevalence and severity of MIH in Santiago, Chile and explore its association with SES. METHODS A cross-sectional study with schoolchildren between 6 and 12 years was conducted. Children were evaluated using the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry to diagnose MIH, and the Mathu-Muju and Wright criteria to determine its severity. RESULTS A total of 1,270 children were included. The MIH prevalence was 12.8% without association with gender (p = 0.609). Prevalence was higher among schoolchildren ages 8 and 9 (p = 0.002), and in lower SES (p = 0.007). MIH mild cases were the most prevalent (63%), and severity was not related to gender (p = 0.656), age (p = 0.060), or SES (p = 0.174). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of MIH in the province of Santiago, Chile is 12.8% and was found to have a higher incidence in 8-9-year-old students and among those categorized by low SES. Furthermore, MIH prevalence was associated with low SES. IMPLICATIONS Public health policies to address MIH in Chile should start with schoolchildren aged 8 to 9, and with low SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Harz
- Dental School, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - F Jeremias
- Graduate Program in Dental Science Araraquara School of Dentistry, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista São Paulo, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Martin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Olivos 943, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - M C Fresno
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Stoica SN, Nimigean V, Moraru SA, Sîrbu I, Nimigean VR. A clinical and statistical study on enamel hypomineralization of the first permanent molar in the period of mixed dentition. Rom J Morphol Embryol 2023; 64:241-249. [PMID: 37518882 PMCID: PMC10520374 DOI: 10.47162/rjme.64.2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The first permanent molar (FPM) is the first tooth in the permanent dentition that emerges in the oral cavity, at around the age of six and behind the deciduous teeth, thus converting the primary dentition into a mixed dentition. Its early formation represents a risk factor for the onset of hard dental tissues disorders, the most common being the molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). AIM The aim of the study was to assess the hypomineralization type of developmental defects of enamel at FPM level during the mixed dentition stage, in a group of Romanian children. PATIENTS, MATERIALS AND METHODS The research was conducted on 87 patients, 44 females and 43 males, divided into the following age groups: 5-6 years, 6-7 years, 7-8 years, 8-9 years, 9-10 years, 10-11 years, 11-12 years and older than 12 years. All children were examined in the dental office by a pediatric dentist. RESULTS Of the subjects, 40.2% presented hypomineralization lesions on the FPM. Among the affected children, 62.9% were girls and 37.1% were boys. Mild forms were the most prevalent, being found in 71.4% of the affected subjects. Moderate forms were present in 22.9% and severe forms in 5.7% of the affected children. MIH prevalence significantly decreased with increasing age. Only two children belonging to the group 8-9 years and 10-11 years, respectively, showed severe MIH lesions. Statistically significant differences were determined in what regards the distribution of MIH children according to the severity of the lesions in relation to age (p=0.007). CONCLUSIONS Children 6- to 7-year-old have been the most affected by FPM hypomineralization, which indicates the need for early management of the disease, through a thorough diagnosis, and preventive and interceptive therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie-Nicole Stoica
- PhD Student, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Victor Nimigean
- Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Simona Andreea Moraru
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioan Sîrbu
- Division of Implant Prosthetic Therapy, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vanda Roxana Nimigean
- Division of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
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Collignon AM, Vergnes JN, Germa A, Azogui S, Breinig S, Hollande C, Bonnet AL, Nabet C. Factors and Mechanisms Involved in Acquired Developmental Defects of Enamel: A Scoping Review. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:836708. [PMID: 35281236 PMCID: PMC8907975 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.836708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental Defects of Enamel (DDE) is a pathology of the teeth that can greatly alter the quality of life of patients (hypersensitivity, esthetic issues, loss of function, etc.). The acquired DDE may occur as a result of a wide range of acquired etiological factors and his prevalence of this pathology may reach up to 89.9%. The main objective of this research was to identify and analyze, in current literature, the factors related to acquired DDE, in order to propose a general theory about the mechanisms involved. METHODS The search of the primary literature was conducted until [December 31, 2021]. Our search strategy uses the Pubmed/MEDLINE database and was structured around 3 terms ["Development," "Defect," and "Enamel"]. To be included, references had to be primary studies, written in English. Exclusion criteria were reviews, in vitro, animal, genetic or archeology studies, and studies focused on clinical management of DDE. One hundred and twenty three articles were included in this scoping review: 4 Randomized clinical trials, 1 letter, 5 cases reports, 2 fundamentals studies, and 111 observational studies (33 Cross-sectional studies, 68 Cohort study and 10 Case-control study). The quality of evidence was assessed using the PEDro scale for clinical trials, the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies, and a published tool to assess the quality of case reports and case series. RESULTS A scoping review of the literature identified 114 factors potentially involved in acquired DDE. The most frequently encountered pathologies are those causing a disorder of calcium homeostasis or a perturbation of the ARNT pathway in mother or child. The link between the ARNT pathway and metabolism deficiency in uncertain and needs to be defined. Also, the implication of this mechanism in tissue impairment is still unclear and needs to be explored. CONCLUSIONS By identifying and grouping the risk factors cited in the literature, this taxonomy and the hypotheses related to the mechanism allow health practitioners to adopt behaviors that limit the risk of developing aDDE and to set up a prevention of dental pathology. In addition, by reviewing the current literature, this work provides guidance for basic research, clinical studies, and literature searches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Margaux Collignon
- URP 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging, and Biotherapies and Life Imaging Platform (PIV), Montrouge, France.,Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Dental School Faculty, Paris University, Paris, France.,Department of Epidemiology, Public Health, Prevention and Legislation, Dental Faculty, Toulouse University Hospital, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Noël Vergnes
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health, Prevention and Legislation, Dental Faculty, Toulouse University Hospital, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.,Inserm UMR 1295 CERPOP, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
| | - Alice Germa
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Dental School Faculty, Paris University, Paris, France.,CRESS, EPOPE Team, INSERM, INRA, Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Azogui
- Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Dental School Faculty, Paris University, Paris, France.,Education and Health Practices Laboratory (LEPS) (EA 3412), UFR SMBH, Paris 13 University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France
| | - Sophie Breinig
- Inserm UMR 1295 CERPOP, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France.,Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Clémence Hollande
- Department of Hepatology, Université de Paris Centre, Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Laure Bonnet
- URP 2496 Laboratory Orofacial Pathologies, Imaging, and Biotherapies and Life Imaging Platform (PIV), Montrouge, France.,Department of Odontology, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Dental School Faculty, Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Cathy Nabet
- Department of Epidemiology, Public Health, Prevention and Legislation, Dental Faculty, Toulouse University Hospital, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.,Inserm UMR 1295 CERPOP, Toulouse University, Toulouse, France
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Lopes LB, Machado V, Mascarenhas P, Mendes JJ, Botelho J. The prevalence of molar-incisor hypomineralization: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22405. [PMID: 34789780 PMCID: PMC8599453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01541-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative defect of enamel of unknown etiology, affecting one or more permanent molars and may include incisors. This condition is a clinical challenge and its prevalence is still uncertain given the recent increase in research. Thus, we aimed to comprehensively estimate the overall prevalence of MIH and associated characteristics. This systematic review is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). We searched articles using PubMed, MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, SciELO, LILACS and TRIP databases, until July 2021. Heterogeneity and publication bias were computed via I2 test statistics and Egger's significance test, respectively. Random-effects meta-analysis of prevalence were processed. We used the Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy [SORT] to grading the strength of evidence. Overall, 116 observational studies were included, with one study with moderate methodological quality and the remaining of high methodological quality. Subgroup analysis confirmed an influence of not using the 2003 MIH case definition (p = 0.0066). The pooled prevalence of MIH was 13.5% (95% CI 12.0-15.1, I2 = 98.0%). Affected incisors were seen in 36.6% (95% CI 30.0-43.7, I2 = 92.5%) of the cases. Lastly, the prevalence of hypomineralization of the second primary molars was observed in 3.6% of the MIH cases (95% CI 1.9-6.8, I2 = 96.3%). America was the continent with highest prevalence (15.3, 95% CI 12.8-18.3, p < 0.001, I2 = 96.3%) and Asia had the lowest prevalence (10.7, 95% CI 8.5-13.5, p < 0.001, I2 = 98.7%), however no continental differences were found. Sample size and year of publication were slight contributing factors to the heterogeneity in the analysis. Overall, these results were classified with a SORT A recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Bandeira Lopes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
| | - Paulo Mascarenhas
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
| | - José João Mendes
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal
| | - João Botelho
- Clinical Research Unit (CRU), Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, Campus Universitário, Quinta da Granja, Monte de Caparica, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal.
- Evidence-Based Hub, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Egas Moniz - Cooperativa de Ensino Superior, CRL, 2829-511, Almada, Portugal.
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Saitoh M, Shintani S. Molar incisor hypomineralization: A review and prevalence in Japan. Jpn Dent Sci Rev 2021; 57:71-77. [PMID: 34149971 PMCID: PMC8192692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is defined as hypomineralization of systemic origin of one to four first permanent molars, and incisors are also frequently affected. This disorder is a serious concern in pediatric dentistry. Teeth affected by MIH have many dental problems, such as hypersensitivity, poor aesthetics, and rapid progression of dental caries. The prevalence of MIH ranges from 2.8% to 21% among studies with more than 1000 subjects in different countries and age groups. The etiology of MIH is unclear, but genetic and environmental factors have been proposed. This review describes the prevalence, etiology, and clinical management of MIH. A detailed description of MIH prevalence in Japan is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Saitoh
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido 061-0293, Japan
- Corresponding author at: Division of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 1757 Kanazawa, Tobetsu, Ishikari, Hokkaido 021-0293, Japan.
| | - Seikou Shintani
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tokyo Dental Collage, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
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Sosa-Soto J, Padrón-Covarrubias AI, Márquez-Preciado R, Ruiz-Rodríguez S, Pozos-Guillén A, Pedroza-Uribe IM, Bayardo-González RA, Garrocho-Rangel A. Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH): prevalence and degree of severity in a Mexican pediatric population living in an endemic fluorosis area. J Public Health Dent 2021; 82:3-10. [PMID: 33554368 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence and severity of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in 8 years old children living in an endemic fluorosis area. METHODS MIH prevalence rate was determined from a study sample comprising 613 participants. They were recruited from 11 urban public schools with similar socio-economic status. Oral evaluations were performed and diagnosed MIH teeth were classified under Ghanim et al.'s criteria. Statistical descriptive and comparative analyzes were carried out. RESULTS First permanent molars were the tooth group most affected, followed by the upper central incisors, lower central incisors, lower lateral incisors, and upper lateral incisors. There was no significant statistical difference by gender and by maxillary/mandible arches (P = 0.82 and 0.26, respectively). The frequency of MIH was more in molars compared to incisors (P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS The MIH prevalence in this study was 12.4 percent. According to the MIH severity, degree 2 was the most frequently detected (76.4 percent).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joselyn Sosa-Soto
- Paediatric Dentistry Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosi University, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Ana Isabel Padrón-Covarrubias
- Paediatric Dentistry Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosi University, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Raúl Márquez-Preciado
- Paediatric Dentistry Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosi University, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Socorro Ruiz-Rodríguez
- Paediatric Dentistry Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosi University, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | - Amaury Pozos-Guillén
- Paediatric Dentistry Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosi University, San Luis Potosi, Mexico.,Basic Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosi University, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | | | | | - Arturo Garrocho-Rangel
- Paediatric Dentistry Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Dentistry, San Luis Potosi University, San Luis Potosi, Mexico
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8
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Abdalla HE, Abuaffan AH, Kemoli AM. Molar incisor hypomineralization, prevalence, pattern and distribution in Sudanese children. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:9. [PMID: 33407385 PMCID: PMC7789559 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01383-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) has serious impact on oral health-related quality of life for a child, due to its effects on tooth structure, aesthetics and behavior of the child. The current study was designed to determine the prevalence, pattern and distribution of MIH in school children in Sudan. METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 568 children, aged 8-11 years from schools in Khartoum State. Following the collection of their socio-demographic data, the children were examined for hypomineralization on the 12 MIH-index teeth, the pattern and distribution of the MIH. The data collected was analyzed to obtain descriptive statistics. The results related to the socio-demography and other dental-related factors were tested using chi-square test and Spearman Rank Correlation, with the significant level set at p < 0.05. RESULTS The prevalence of MIH in the study population was 20.1%. The majority of the participants had both permanent first molars (PFMs) and permanent incisors affected (12.5%). However, in 7.6% of the cases only molars were affected. Even though more maxillary teeth were affected when compared to the mandibular teeth, there was no statistical significant difference between the occurrence of hypomineralization on mandibular and maxillary molars (p = 0.22). Maxillary incisors were significantly more affected by MIH when related to the mandibular ones (p = 0.00). Demarcated opacities were the commonest pattern of MIH defects (69.9%) in the experimental group. CONCLUSION The prevalence of MIH in Sudanese children was 20.1%. In both dental arches, the permanent molars and incisors were frequently affected, with the demarcated opacity type of MIH being the most common form of defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna E. Abdalla
- Department of Orthodontic, Paedodontic and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, P.O. Box 102, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Amal H. Abuaffan
- Department of Orthodontic, Paedodontic and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum, P.O. Box 102, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Arthur Musakulu Kemoli
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontocs, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 34848, Nairobi, 00100 Kenya
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Bezamat M, Souza JF, Silva FMF, Corrêa EG, Fatturi AL, Brancher JA, Carvalho FM, Cavallari T, Bertolazo L, Machado-Souza C, Koruyucu M, Bayram M, Racic A, Harrison BM, Sweat YY, Letra A, Studen-Pavlovich D, Seymen F, Amendt B, Werneck RI, Costa MC, Modesto A, Vieira AR. Gene-environment interaction in molar-incisor hypomineralization. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0241898. [PMID: 33406080 PMCID: PMC7787379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is an enamel condition characterized by lesions ranging in color from white to brown which present rapid caries progression, and mainly affects permanent first molars and incisors. These enamel defects usually occur when there are disturbances during the mineralization or maturation stage of amelogenesis. Both genetic and environmental factors have been suggested to play roles in MIH’s development, but no conclusive risk factors have shown the source of the disease. During head and neck development, the interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) gene is involved in the structure formation of the oral and maxillofacial regions, and the transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA) is an essential cell regulator, acting during proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. In this present study, it was hypothesized that these genes interact and contribute to predisposition of MIH. Environmental factors affecting children that were 3 years of age or older were also hypothesized to play a role in the disease etiology. Those factors included respiratory issues, malnutrition, food intolerance, infection of any sort and medication intake. A total of 1,065 salivary samples from four different cohorts were obtained, and DNA was extracted from each sample and genotyped for nine different single nucleotide polymorphisms. Association tests and logistic regression implemented in PLINK were used for analyses. A potential interaction between TGFA rs930655 with all markers tested in the cohort from Turkey was identified. These interactions were not identified in the remaining cohorts. Associations (p<0.05) between the use of medication after three years of age and MIH were also found, suggesting that conditions acquired at the age children start to socialize might contribute to the development of MIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bezamat
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Juliana F. Souza
- Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M. F. Silva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emilly G. Corrêa
- Graduate Program of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Aluhe L. Fatturi
- Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - João A. Brancher
- Graduate Program of Dentistry, Positivo University, Curitiba, State of Pará, Brazil
| | - Flávia M. Carvalho
- Department of Genetics, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tayla Cavallari
- Graduate Program of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Laís Bertolazo
- Graduate Program of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cleber Machado-Souza
- Graduate Program of Applied Biotechnology to Child and Adolescent Health, Pequeno Príncipe College, Curitiba, State of Pará, Brazil
| | - Mine Koruyucu
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Merve Bayram
- Department of Pedodontics, Medipol Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Andrea Racic
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Benjamin M. Harrison
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yan Y. Sweat
- Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center and Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Ariadne Letra
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, and Center for Craniofacial Research, UTHealth School of Dentistry at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Deborah Studen-Pavlovich
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Figen Seymen
- Department of Pedodontics, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Brad Amendt
- Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center and Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Renata I. Werneck
- Graduate Program of Dentistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba, State of Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcelo C. Costa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana Modesto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Alexandre R. Vieira
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Olmo-González B, Moreno-López R, Ribera-Uribe M. Dental management strategies for Molar Incisor Hypomineralization. Pediatric Dental Journal 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Tagelsir Ahmed A, Soto-Rojas AE, Dean JA, Eckert GJ, Martinez-Mier EA. Prevalence of molar-incisor hypomineralization and other enamel defects and associated sociodemographic determinants in Indiana. J Am Dent Assoc 2020; 151:491-501. [PMID: 32593351 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2020.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in a cohort of school-aged children in Indiana. METHODS A calibrated examiner screened eligible school-aged children for MIH and other enamel defects. The authors used the integrated Modified Developmental Defects of Enamel Index and the European Academy of Pediatric Dentistry criteria to examine the permanent first molars, permanent incisors, and primary second molars. The authors used descriptive statistics, exact 95% confidence intervals, and χ2 tests for analysis (α = 5%). RESULTS A total of 337 participants (mean [standard deviation] age, 9.1 (1.7) years; 52% 6 through 8 years; 66% non-Hispanic white) were examined. The prevalence estimate for MIH was 13% as opposed to a 52% prevalence estimate for any enamel defect (AED) of any of the index teeth. Living in an area with water fluoridation levels greater than 0.7 parts per million or being non-Hispanic black was significantly associated with higher prevalence of AED (P < .05) but not with the prevalence of MIH. Demarcated opacities were the most prevalent defects (43%), followed by atypical restorations (32%). Higher age and higher number of MIH-affected surfaces were associated with larger MIH defect extension (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Nearly 1 in 6 children in Indiana had at least 1 permanent first molar with MIH. Water fluoridation levels and race or ethnicity were associated with the prevalence of AED but not with MIH prevalence. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS US dental practitioners should be cognizant that MIH is a common finding. Children with a high number of MIH-affected surfaces would benefit the most from early identification and management as the extension of the defects tends to worsen with age.
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Elzein R, Chouery E, Abdel-Sater F, Bacho R, Ayoub F. Molar incisor hypomineralisation in Lebanon: prevalence and clinical characteristics. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 21:609-616. [PMID: 31865536 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-019-00505-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a qualitative enamel developmental defect affecting 1-4 first permanent molars and sometimes the permanent incisors. MIH is extremely widespread around the world and presents a considerable clinical problem in paediatric dentistry. Although, little prevalence data exist for Middle East populations including the Lebanese one. AIM The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of MIH in 7-9-year-old Lebanese children, with relevance to gender, jaw and side distribution, and to assess the clinical status, extent and severity of MIH lesions of the affected teeth. DESIGN Representative sample (n = 659) of 7-9-year-old Lebanese children attending private and public schools distributed throughout Lebanon was examined for MIH. Clinical status, extent and severity of MIH lesions on FPMs and permanent incisors were scored using the short-form grading method (MIH index) of Ghanim et al. (Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 16:235-246, 2015). RESULTS An overall MIH prevalence of 26.7% was reported with no significant predilection for girls over boys. 52.8% of the cases present with only molars and. 47.2% with both molars and incisors and did not present any significant difference between upper and lower jaws (P = 0.325). Left-side FPMs were more affected than the right ones (P = 0.0218). Central incisors were significantly more affected than the laterals in both jaws (P < 0.0001). Maxillary central incisors were significantly more affected than their mandibular counterparts (P < 0.0001). Most of the clinical status was demarcated opacities extended on less than the third of the tooth surface. The extent of lesions correlated significantly with the number of affected molars. Most of the affected teeth presented with mild defects and the degree of severity was not correlated with gender but significantly increased with age. CONCLUSIONS MIH is prevalent in Lebanon. Further studies are required to analyse the possible systemic and environmental etiologies among Lebanese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Elzein
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - E Chouery
- Medical Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - F Abdel-Sater
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Cellular Immunology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - R Bacho
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - F Ayoub
- Department of Forensic Odontology, Human Identification and Anthropology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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