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Shashi KK, Weldon CB, Voss SD. Positron emission tomography in the diagnosis and management of primary pediatric lung tumors. Pediatr Radiol 2024; 54:671-683. [PMID: 38231400 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-023-05847-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Primary pediatric lung tumors are uncommon and have many overlapping clinical and imaging features. In contrast to adult lung tumors, these rare pediatric neoplasms have a relatively broad histologic spectrum. Informed by a single-institution 13-year retrospective record review, we present an overview of the most common primary pediatric lung neoplasms, with a focus on the role of positron emission tomography (PET), specifically 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET, in the management of primary pediatric lung tumors. In addition to characteristic conventional radiographic and cross-sectional imaging findings, knowledge of patient age, underlying cancer predisposition syndromes, and PET imaging features may help narrow the differential. While metastases from other primary malignancies remain the most commonly encountered pediatric lung malignancy, the examples presented in this pictorial essay highlight many of the important conventional radiologic and PET imaging features of primary pediatric lung malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar K Shashi
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Department of Radiology, Arkansas Children's Hospital, 1 Children's Way, Little Rock, AR, 72202, USA
| | - Christopher B Weldon
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Stephan D Voss
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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2
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Lowe E, Mossé YP. Podcast on Emerging Treatment Options for Pediatric Patients with ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma and Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumors. Oncol Ther 2024:10.1007/s40487-024-00275-6. [PMID: 38676786 DOI: 10.1007/s40487-024-00275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) are rare cancers observed predominantly in children and young adults. ALCL accounts for 10-15% of all pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphomas and is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease. In children, 84-91% of cases of ALCL harbor an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene translocation. IMT is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that also tends to occur in children and adolescents. Approximately 50-70% of IMT cases involve rearrangements in the ALK gene. A combination of chemotherapeutic drugs is typically used for children with ALK-positive ALCL, and the only known curative therapy for ALK-positive IMT is complete surgical resection. Crizotinib, a first-generation ALK inhibitor, was approved in the USA in 2021 for pediatric patients and young adults with relapsed or refractory ALK-positive ALCL; however, its safety and efficacy have not been established in older adults. In 2022, crizotinib was approved for adult and pediatric patients with unresectable, recurrent, or refractory ALK-positive IMT. This podcast provides an overview of ALK-positive ALCL and IMT. We discuss the current treatment landscape, the role of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and areas of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Lowe
- Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Yael P Mossé
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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3
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Lee WG, Kim ES. Precision Oncology in Pediatric Cancer Surgery. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2024; 33:409-446. [PMID: 38401917 DOI: 10.1016/j.soc.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric precision oncology has provided a greater understanding of the wide range of molecular alterations in difficult-to-treat or rare tumors with the aims of increasing survival as well as decreasing toxicity and morbidity from current cytotoxic therapies. In this article, the authors discuss the current state of pediatric precision oncology which has increased access to novel targeted therapies while also providing a framework for clinical implementation in this unique population. The authors evaluate the targetable mutations currently under investigation-with a focus on pediatric solid tumors-and discuss the key surgical implications associated with novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Lee
- Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 116 North Robertson Boulevard, Suite PACT 700, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. https://twitter.com/william_ghh_lee
| | - Eugene S Kim
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 116 North Robertson Boulevard, Suite PACT 700, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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4
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Ewongwo A, Hui C, Moding EJ. Opportunity in Complexity: Harnessing Molecular Biomarkers and Liquid Biopsies for Personalized Sarcoma Care. Semin Radiat Oncol 2024; 34:195-206. [PMID: 38508784 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Due to their rarity and complexity, sarcomas represent a substantial therapeutic challenge. However, the incredible diversity within and across sarcoma subtypes presents an opportunity for personalized care to maximize efficacy and limit toxicity. A deeper understanding of the molecular alterations that drive sarcoma development and treatment response has paved the way for molecular biomarkers to shape sarcoma treatment. Genetic, transcriptomic, and protein biomarkers have become critical tools for diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment selection in patients with sarcomas. In the future, emerging biomarkers like circulating tumor DNA analysis offer the potential to improve early detection, monitoring response to treatment, and identifying mechanisms of resistance to personalize sarcoma treatment. Here, we review the current state of molecular biomarkers for sarcomas and highlight opportunities and challenges for the implementation of new technologies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Ewongwo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Caressa Hui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Everett J Moding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA..
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5
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Iorgulescu JB, Medeiros LJ, Patel KP. Predictive and prognostic molecular biomarkers in lymphomas. Pathology 2024; 56:239-258. [PMID: 38216400 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances in molecular diagnostics have markedly expanded our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of lymphomas and catalysed a transformation in not just how we classify lymphomas, but also how we treat, target, and monitor affected patients. Reflecting these advances, the World Health Organization Classification, International Consensus Classification, and National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines were recently updated to better integrate these molecular insights into clinical practice. We summarise here the molecular biomarkers of lymphomas with an emphasis on biomarkers that have well-supported prognostic and predictive utility, as well as emerging biomarkers that show promise for clinical practice. These biomarkers include: (1) diagnostic entity-defining genetic abnormalities [e.g., B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) with KMT2A rearrangement]; (2) molecular alterations that guide patients' prognoses (e.g., TP53 loss frequently conferring worse prognosis); (3) mutations that serve as the targets of, and often a source of acquired resistance to, small molecular inhibitors (e.g., ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors for B-ALL BCR::ABL1, hindered by ABL1 kinase domain resistance mutations); (4) the growing incorporation of molecular measurable residual disease (MRD) in the management of lymphoma patients (e.g., molecular complete response and sequencing MRD-negative criteria in multiple myeloma). Altogether, our review spans the spectrum of lymphoma types, from the genetically defined subclasses of precursor B-cell lymphomas to the highly heterogeneous categories of small and large cell mature B-cell lymphomas, Hodgkin lymphomas, plasma cell neoplasms, and T/NK-cell lymphomas, and provides an expansive summary of our current understanding of their molecular pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bryan Iorgulescu
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Hematopathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Hematopathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Keyur P Patel
- Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Hematopathology, Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Fisher B, Meyer A, Brown A, Conway Keller M, McKeown T, Tiller J, Saylor KM, Duffy EA. Evidence-Based Recommendations for Education Provided to Patients and Families Regarding the Adverse Events of ALK and MEK Inhibitors: A Systematic Review From the Children's Oncology Group. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol Nurs 2024; 41:114-128. [PMID: 38549368 DOI: 10.1177/27527530231206101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Background: Pediatric oncology patients receive multiple modalities of therapy to treat their malignancies. These modalities have the potential for acute toxicity and late effects. In the last decade, a new modality known as targeted biological therapy, has become an integral part of treatment for pediatric cancers. As targeted therapy use has increased, adverse events specific to these targeted agents have emerged, requiring a new effort focused on providing education to patients and families regarding how best to report, monitor, and manage these adverse events. Method: A clinical question was developed to guide the systematic literature review. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors were selected for review due to their frequency of use in pediatric oncology. The search was conducted to identify relevant articles published between January 1, 2000 and May 5, 2020. Articles were screened by two team members for inclusion/exclusion criteria using the web-based systematic review tool, Rayyan. Results: Twenty-seven articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion and were evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria. Adverse events for ALK and MEK inhibitors included manifestations of the gastrointestinal, hematologic, dermatologic, musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiovascular, and ocular systems. Recommendations for patient/family education were made for ALK and MEK inhibitors based on the reported adverse events. Conclusions: Adverse events of ALK and MEK inhibitors differ from the more common adverse events experienced with conventional treatment modalities used in pediatric oncology. It is important for nurses to include information regarding potential adverse events in patient/family education for children receiving these targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Fisher
- Augusta University College of Nursing, Augusta University-Children's Hospital of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA
- Augusta University College of Nursing, Augusta University-Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ashley Meyer
- St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
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Cheng H, Lin Y, Zhu J, Qin H, Yang W, Chang X, Feng J, Yang S, Fu L, Zhang N, Shi K, Sun J, Su Y, Jin M, Wang S, Wang H. Clinical features, treatment strategies, and prognosis of epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma in children: a multicenter experience. Transl Pediatr 2024; 13:288-299. [PMID: 38455747 PMCID: PMC10915437 DOI: 10.21037/tp-23-590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are a spectrum of tumors that range in morphology and biological behavior from benign, intermediate, to apparently malignant and epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma (EIMS) is one of the malignant subtypes. This study tried to provide experience and new ideas for treating this rare disease. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed and followed up 12 children with EIMS admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital, Baoding Children's Hospital, and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from August 2016 to May 2022. Results Of the 12 children, 7 were male and 5 were female, with a median age of 74.50 [interquartile range (IQR), 61.50-90.00] months. Of these patients, eight had a single lesion and four had multiple lesions. The maximum diameter of the single tumor foci was 19.30 cm, the full meridian of the multiple tumor foci target lesions was 32.67 cm, and the median maximum tumor size was 11.99 (IQR, 7.80-15.70) cm. The site of disease was the abdominopelvic cavity in eight cases, the thoracic cavity in two cases, the maxillofacial region in one case, and the larynx in one case. The clinical manifestations were predominantly elevated body temperature (n=8). There was one case of ROS1 fusion mutation and nine cases of ALK fusion mutation. Of the 12 children, 6 were biopsied at the initial diagnosis and 6 were surgically treated. Follow-up treatment included preoperative neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n=4), peritoneal thermal perfusion therapy (n=2), targeted therapy (n=3), postoperative chemotherapy (n=5), and radiotherapy (n=3). The follow-up time was 14.50 (IQR, 10.50-31.50) months, with eight cases of tumor-free survival, two cases of death, and two cases of loss of follow-up. Conclusions EIMS in children is extremely rare and clinically aggressive. The clinical presentation is nonspecific, and the initial diagnosis of the tumor is often large. Mutations in the ALK gene are common in EIMS. Surgery is the mainstay of EIMS treatment, and patients benefit from a multidisciplinary combination that includes targeted therapies, with long-term prognosis remaining subject to ongoing follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cheng
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Feng
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Yang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Libing Fu
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Shi
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Baoding Children’s Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Jin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huanmin Wang
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
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Liu W, Wu J, Ming X, Zhang Q, Zhou D, Zheng R, Zhou M, Shang Z, Chen L, Zhu X, Xiao Y. Case report: The utilization of crizotinib and brentuximab vedotin as a bridge to autologous stem cell transplantation and followed by CD30-directed CAR-T cell therapy in relapsed/refractory ALK+ ALCL. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1346001. [PMID: 38375471 PMCID: PMC10875076 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1346001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL) is a rare, mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The prognosis of patients with relapsed or refractory ALCL following first-line chemotherapy is extremely poor. NCCN guidelines recommend intensified chemotherapy with or without ASCT consolidation for r/r ALCL, however, this is not an effective treatment for all ALK+ALCL. Case report Herein, we report a patient with relapsed/refractory ALK+ ALCL who received crizotinib and brentuximab vedotin as bridging therapy, followed by autologous stem cell transplantation and sequential anti-CD30 CAR T cell therapy. Conclusion The patient achieved complete remission and long-term disease-free survival of months and continues to be followed up. The combination therapy model in this case may provide guidance for the management of relapsed/refractory ALK+ ALCL, and further prospective trials are needed to confirm its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Liting Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Perkins IU, Tan SY, McCalmont TH, Chou PM, Mully TW, Gerami P, Pomerantz JH, Reyes-Múgica M, Balkin DM, Kruse LL, Huang B, Reichek JL, Gangopadhyay N, Chiosea S, Green JR, Chamlin SL, Frieden IJ, Bastian BC, Yeh I. Melanoma in infants, caused by a gene fusion involving the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK). Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2024; 37:6-14. [PMID: 37475109 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
We describe the first cases of pediatric melanoma with ALK fusion gene arising within giant congenital melanocytic nevi. Two newborn boys presented with large pigmented nodular plaques and numerous smaller satellite nevi. Additional expansile nodules developed within both nevi and invasive melanomas were diagnosed before 10 months of age in both boys. Oncogenic driver mutations in NRAS and BRAF were absent in both cases. Instead, oncogenic ZEB2::ALK fusion genes were identified in both the nevus and melanoma developing within the nevus. In both cases, tumors were noted by ultrasound in utero, demonstrated significant nodularity at birth, and progressed to melanoma in the first year of life suggesting that congenital nevi with ALK fusion genes may behave more aggressively than those with other mutations. As ALK kinase inhibitors are effective against a range of tumors with similar ALK fusion kinases, identifying ALK fusion genes in congenital melanocytic nevi may provide an opportunity for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeoma U Perkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Serena Y Tan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Timothy H McCalmont
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- GS Dermatology Associates, Walnut Creek, California, USA
| | - Pauline M Chou
- Department of Pathology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thaddeus W Mully
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Pedram Gerami
- Department of Pathology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jason H Pomerantz
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, Program in Craniofacial Biology, Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Miguel Reyes-Múgica
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel M Balkin
- Department of Plastic & Oral Surgery, Boston's Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lacey L Kruse
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Benjamin Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jennifer L Reichek
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Noopur Gangopadhyay
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Simon Chiosea
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jared R Green
- Envision Radiology Associates of Hollywood, Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital, Hollywood, Florida, USA
| | - Sarah L Chamlin
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Ilona J Frieden
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Boris C Bastian
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Iwei Yeh
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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10
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Noguchi K, Ikawa Y. Strategy for Pediatric Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5733. [PMID: 38136278 PMCID: PMC10741612 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive T-cell lymphoma characterized by large T-cells with strong CD30 and ALK expression. Although conventional chemotherapy is effective in most patients, approximately 30% experience a relapse or refractory disease and have a poor prognosis. Several risk factors associated with poor prognosis have been identified in pediatric ALK-positive ALCL. These include morphological patterns with the small cell variant or lymphohistiocytic variant, leukemic presentation, the presence of minimal disseminated disease, or involvement of the central nervous system. Relapsed or refractory ALK-positive ALCL is often resistant to conventional chemotherapy; therefore, salvage therapy is required. In recent years, targeted therapies such as ALK inhibitors and brentuximab vedotin (BV) have been developed. ALK inhibitors block the continuous activation of ALK kinase, a driver mutation that leads to cell proliferation in ALK-positive ALCL. Additionally, BV is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets CD30-positive cells. Both ALK inhibitors and BV have displayed dramatic effects in chemoresistant ALK-positive ALCL. Weekly vinblastine treatment and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have also been reported to be effective therapies. This article reviews pediatric ALK-positive ALCL, focusing on risk factors and treatment strategies for pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory ALK-positive ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasuhiro Ikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Ishikawa, Japan;
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11
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Wallander K, Öfverholm I, Boye K, Tsagkozis P, Papakonstantinou A, Lin Y, Haglund de Flon F. Sarcoma care in the era of precision medicine. J Intern Med 2023; 294:690-707. [PMID: 37643281 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Sarcoma subtype classification is currently mainly based upon histopathological morphology. Molecular analyses have emerged as an efficient addition to the diagnostic workup and sarcoma care. Knowledge about the sarcoma genome increases, and genetic events that can either support a histopathological diagnosis or suggest a differential diagnosis are identified, as well as novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we present diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic molecular markers that are, or might soon be, used clinically. For sarcoma diagnostics, there are specific fusions highly supportive or pathognomonic for a diagnostic entity-for instance, SYT::SSX in synovial sarcoma. Complex karyotypes also give diagnostic information-for example, supporting dedifferentiation rather than low-grade central osteosarcoma or well-differentiated liposarcoma when detected in combination with MDM2/CDK4 amplification. Molecular treatment predictive sarcoma markers are available for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and locally aggressive benign mesenchymal tumors. The molecular prognostic markers for sarcomas in clinical practice are few. For solitary fibrous tumor, the type of NAB2::STAT6 fusion is associated with the outcome, and the KIT/PDGFRA pathogenic variant in GISTs can give prognostic information. With the exploding availability of sequencing technologies, it becomes increasingly important to understand the strengths and limitations of those methods and their context in sarcoma diagnostics. It is reasonable to believe that most sarcoma treatment centers will increase the use of massive-parallel sequencing soon. We conclude that the context in which the genetic findings are interpreted is of importance, and the interpretation of genomic findings requires considering tumor histomorphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Wallander
- Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Kjetil Boye
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Panagiotis Tsagkozis
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andri Papakonstantinou
- Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Breast Cancer, Endocrine Tumors and Sarcoma, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yingbo Lin
- Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Haglund de Flon
- Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pathology and Cancer diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Brenner C, Sanders C, Vokuhl C. [Receptor tyrosine kinase- fusions in paediatric spindle cell tumors]. Pathologie (Heidelb) 2023; 44:357-365. [PMID: 37819532 DOI: 10.1007/s00292-023-01228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric spindle cell tumors are rare and often difficult to diagnose due to a similar morphology and a non-specific immunohistochemical profile. Genetic characterization of these lesions has been constantly improving, which has led to the identification of new subgroups that were partly included in the WHO classification. Receptor tyrosine kinase fusions play a special role in these tumors and their verification has diagnostic relevance and can be an option for target-oriented therapies. In the case of pediatric spindle cell tumors, genetic fusions form especially with NTRK1‑3, ALK, RET, and ROS1. Overall, pediatric tumors with receptor tyrosine kinase fusions are predominantly low-grade tumors, which are often subdivided into the group of intermediate-malign tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Brenner
- Sektion Kinderpathologie, Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland.
| | - Christine Sanders
- Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Deutschland
| | - Christian Vokuhl
- Sektion Kinderpathologie, Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Deutschland
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13
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Nakano K. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors: recent progress and future of targeted therapy. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2023; 53:885-892. [PMID: 37394916 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a rare component of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas that has distinct pathological features as a lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate. As is the case for other non-small round cell sarcomas, surgical resection remains the standard treatment strategy for inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors, but recurrence is possible. Concerning systemic therapy, the available data for conventional chemotherapy (such as those of doxorubicin-based regimens) are limited, and case reports of anti-inflammatory inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor treatments describe some degree of symptom relief and efficacy against tumor progression. However, as more information about cancer genomics accumulates, the potential for molecularly targeted therapies for inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors has become more promising. Approximately half of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors harbor anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion genes, and the other half could have potentially targetable fusion genes or mutations such as ROS1, NTRK and RET; case reports demonstrating the clinical efficacy of treatments targeted to inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor have been published, as have several prospective clinical trials. Few drugs are approved for the treatment of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, and most of them were approved for tumor-agnostic indications. Drugs that could be used for pediatric indications and dosing in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor have also not been established. To provide effective targeted therapy for rare diseases such as inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, it is necessary to obtain clinical evidence by designing and performing clinical trials and to find a path toward regulatory approval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nakano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Perillo T, Forte J, Messina R, Muggeo P, Grassi M, Pentassuglia E, Raguseo C, Ingravallo G, d'Amati A, Resta M, Speranzon L, Signorelli F, Santoro N. Primary central nervous system anaplastic large cell lymphoma in children: Case presentation and systematic review of literature. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30529. [PMID: 37402611 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Perillo
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Jessica Forte
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaella Messina
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neurosciences (DiBraiN), University of Bari "Aldo Moro,", Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Muggeo
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Grassi
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Enza Pentassuglia
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Celeste Raguseo
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Pathology - Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro,", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio d'Amati
- Section of Pathology - Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari "Aldo Moro,", Bari, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Resta
- Neuroradiology, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Speranzon
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neurosciences (DiBraiN), University of Bari "Aldo Moro,", Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Signorelli
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neurosciences (DiBraiN), University of Bari "Aldo Moro,", Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Santoro
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Policlinico of Bari, Bari, Italy
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15
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Ehrhardt MJ, Krull KR, Bhakta N, Liu Q, Yasui Y, Robison LL, Hudson MM. Improving quality and quantity of life for childhood cancer survivors globally in the twenty-first century. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2023; 20:678-696. [PMID: 37488230 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00802-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The contributions of cooperative groups to performing large-cohort clinical trials and long-term survivorship studies have facilitated advances in treatment, supportive care and, ultimately, survival for patients with paediatric cancers. As a result, the number of childhood cancer survivors in the USA alone is expected to reach almost 580,000 by 2040. Despite these substantial improvements, childhood cancer survivors continue to have an elevated burden of chronic disease and an excess risk of early death compared with the general population and therefore constitute a large, medically vulnerable population for which delivery of high-quality, personalized care is much needed. Data from large survivorship cohorts have enabled the identification of compelling associations between paediatric cancers, cancer therapy and long-term health conditions. Effectively translating these findings into clinical care that improves the quality and quantity of life for survivors remains an important focus of ongoing research. Continued development of well-designed clinical studies incorporating dissemination and implementation strategies with input from patient advocates and other key stakeholders is crucial to overcoming these gaps. This Review highlights the global progress made and future efforts that will be needed to further increase the quality and quantity of life-years gained for childhood cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Ehrhardt
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Kevin R Krull
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Psychology and Biobehavioral Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nickhill Bhakta
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Global Paediatric Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Leslie L Robison
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Melissa M Hudson
- Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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16
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Dou W, Guan Y, Liu T, Zheng H, Feng S, Wu Y, Wang X, Liu Z. Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma: a case report and brief literature review. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1212529. [PMID: 37841422 PMCID: PMC10571703 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1212529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma (EIMS) is a rare variant of the inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, characterized by more aggressive clinical course and nuclear membrane staining of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with ALK rearrangement. An elderly male came to the clinic because of an accidental abdominal mass. Abdominal and pelvic enhanced CT revealed a tumor apparently orginated from mesenchymal tissue. Subsequently, the abdominal mass and multiple organ resection was performed, and the mass was pathologically confirmed as EIMS. The patient developed Clavien-Dindo Grade III postoperative complications and was discharged after his condition improved. He received doxorubicin monotherapy after operation, but only one cycle was administered due to severe vomiting. The follow-up of 5 months after operation showed no evidence of recurrence. Given the rarity of EIMS, and ALk inhibitors have a long and robust effect on patients with ALK gene tumors, it is very important for clinicians to be familiar with the clinicopathological features of EIMS, which will contribute to the accurate diagnosis of EIMS and reduce misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Xin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanbing Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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17
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Shreenivas A, Janku F, Gouda MA, Chen HZ, George B, Kato S, Kurzrock R. ALK fusions in the pan-cancer setting: another tumor-agnostic target? NPJ Precis Oncol 2023; 7:101. [PMID: 37773318 PMCID: PMC10542332 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-023-00449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) alterations (activating mutations, amplifications, and fusions/rearrangements) occur in ~3.3% of cancers. ALK fusions/rearrangements are discerned in >50% of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) and anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs), but only in ~0.2% of other cancers outside of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a rate that may be below the viability threshold of even large-scale treatment trials. Five ALK inhibitors -alectinib, brigatinib, ceritinb, crizotinib, and lorlatinib-are FDA approved for ALK-aberrant NSCLCs, and crizotinib is also approved for ALK-aberrant IMTs and ALCL, including in children. Herein, we review the pharmacologic tractability of ALK alterations, focusing beyond NSCLC. Importantly, the hallmark of approved indications is the presence of ALK fusions/rearrangements, and response rates of ~50-85%. Moreover, there are numerous reports of ALK inhibitor activity in multiple solid and hematologic tumors (e.g., histiocytosis, leiomyosarcoma, lymphoma, myeloma, and colorectal, neuroendocrine, ovarian, pancreatic, renal, and thyroid cancer) bearing ALK fusions/rearrangements. Many reports used crizotinib or alectinib, but each of the approved ALK inhibitors have shown activity. ALK inhibitor activity is also seen in neuroblastoma, which bear ALK mutations (rather than fusions/rearrangements), but response rates are lower (~10-20%). Current data suggests that ALK inhibitors have tissue-agnostic activity in neoplasms bearing ALK fusions/rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Shreenivas
- Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
| | | | - Mohamed A Gouda
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hui-Zi Chen
- Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Ben George
- Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Shumei Kato
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
- University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, USA.
- Worldwide Innovative Network (WIN) for Personalized Cancer Therapy, Chevilly-Larue, France.
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18
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Loh AHP, Thura M, Gupta A, Tan SH, Kuan KKY, Ang KH, Merchant K, Chang KTE, Yon HY, Chen Y, Cheng MHW, Mahadev A, Ng MCH, Seng MSF, Iyer P, Chia PL, Soh SY, Zeng Q. Exploiting frequent and specific expression of PRL3 in pediatric solid tumors for first-in-child use of PRL3-zumab humanized antibody. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 30:153-166. [PMID: 37674627 PMCID: PMC10477756 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 (PRL3) is a specific tumor antigen overexpressed in a broad range of adult cancer types. However, its physiological expression in pediatric embryonal and mesenchymal tumors and its association with clinical outcomes in children is unknown. We sought to profile the expression of PRL3 in pediatric tumors in relation to survival outcomes, expression of angiogenesis markers, and G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling targets. PRL3-zumab, a first-in-class humanized antibody, was administered in a dose escalation schedule in a first-in-child clinical trial to study toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and clinical outcomes. Among 64 pediatric tumors, PRL3 was most frequently expressed in neuroblastoma (100%), rhabdomyosarcoma and non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcomas (71%), and renal sarcomas (60%) but absent in paired normal tissues. PRL3 was expressed in 75% of relapsed tumors and associated with shorter median event-free survival. Microarray profiling of PRL3-positive tumors showed elevation of angiogenin, TIMP1 and TIMP2, and GPCR-MAPK signaling proteins that commonly interacted with PRL3. The first use of PRL3-zumab in a pediatric patient saw no adverse events. A 28.6% reduction in maximum target lesion diameter was achieved when PRL3-zumab was administered concurrently with hypofractionated radiation. These findings support wider exploration of PRL3 expression in embryonal and mesenchymal tumors and further clinical application of PRL3-zumab in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amos Hong Pheng Loh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital Singapore 229899, Singapore
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Min Thura
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Abhishek Gupta
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Sheng Hui Tan
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Kelvin Kam Yew Kuan
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Koon Hwee Ang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Khurshid Merchant
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital Singapore 229899, Singapore
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Tou En Chang
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital Singapore 229899, Singapore
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Hui Yi Yon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Yong Chen
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Mathew Hern Wang Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Arjandas Mahadev
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Matthew Chau Hsien Ng
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of GI Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Michaela Su-Fern Seng
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital Singapore 229899, Singapore
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Prasad Iyer
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital Singapore 229899, Singapore
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Pei Ling Chia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Shui Yen Soh
- VIVA-KKH Paediatric Brain and Solid Tumour Programme, Children’s Blood and Cancer Centre, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital Singapore 229899, Singapore
- Duke-NUS School of Medicine, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- Department of Paediatric Subspecialties Haematology/Oncology Service, KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore
| | - Qi Zeng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A∗STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119260, Singapore
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19
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Prokoph N, Matthews JD, Trigg RM, Montes‐Mojarro IA, Burke GAA, Fend F, Merkel O, Kenner L, Geoerger B, Johnston R, Murray MJ, Riguad C, Brugières L, Turner SD. Patient-derived xenograft models of ALK+ ALCL reveal preclinical promise for therapy with brigatinib. Br J Haematol 2023; 202:985-994. [PMID: 37357529 PMCID: PMC10952693 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a T-cell malignancy predominantly driven by the oncogenic anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), accounting for approximately 15% of all paediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Patients with central nervous system (CNS) relapse are particularly difficult to treat with a 3-year overall survival of 49% and a median survival of 23.5 months. The second-generation ALK inhibitor brigatinib shows superior penetration of the blood-brain barrier unlike the first-generation drug crizotinib and has shown promising results in ALK+ non-small-cell lung cancer. However, the benefits of brigatinib in treating aggressive paediatric ALK+ ALCL are largely unknown. We established a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) resource from ALK+ ALCL patients at or before CNS relapse serving as models to facilitate the development of future therapies. We show in vivo that brigatinib is effective in inducing the remission of PDX models of crizotinib-resistant (ALK C1156Y, TP53 loss) ALCL and furthermore that it is superior to crizotinib as a second-line approach to the treatment of a standard chemotherapy relapsed/refractory ALCL PDX pointing to brigatinib as a future therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Prokoph
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
| | - Jamie D. Matthews
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
| | - Ricky M. Trigg
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
| | - Ivonne A. Montes‐Mojarro
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center TübingenUniversity Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard‐Karls‐UniversityTübingenGermany
| | - G. A. Amos Burke
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and OncologyCambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUK
| | - Falko Fend
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center TübingenUniversity Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard‐Karls‐UniversityTübingenGermany
| | - Olaf Merkel
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Animal Pathology, Institute of Clinical PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Animal Pathology, Institute of Clinical PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Unit of Laboratory Animal PathologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Applied MetabolomicsMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed) Vienna, Core‐Lab2Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent OncologyGustave Roussy Cancer CenterVillejuifFrance
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer CenterUniversité Paris‐SaclayVillejuifFrance
| | - Robert Johnston
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/HaematologyRoyal Belfast Hospital for Sick ChildrenBelfastUK
| | - Matthew J. Murray
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and OncologyCambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridgeUK
| | - Charlotte Riguad
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent OncologyGustave Roussy Cancer CenterVillejuifFrance
| | - Laurence Brugières
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent OncologyGustave Roussy Cancer CenterVillejuifFrance
| | - Suzanne D. Turner
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of PathologyUniversity of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridgeUK
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
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20
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Schoot RA, Orbach D, Minard Colin V, Alaggio R, Di Carlo D, Corradini N, Mercolini F, Milano GM, van Noesel MM, Rome A, Dall'Igna P, Pajtler K, Sparber-Sauer M, Ferrari A, Casanova M. Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor With ROS1 Gene Fusions in Children and Young Adolescents. JCO Precis Oncol 2023; 7:e2300323. [PMID: 37856763 DOI: 10.1200/po.23.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are often driven by anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusions and less frequently by alternative fusions such as ROS1. We describe the clinical characteristics, treatment approach, and outcome for a series of young patients with IMTs and ROS1 alterations. METHODS This was a retrospective, international, multicenter study analyzing young patients (younger than 21 years) with ROS1-altered IMTs treated in 10 European referral centers between 2014 and 2022. Patients were included in the European pediatric Soft tissue sarcoma Study Group NRSTS-2005 protocol or registered in the Soft Tissue Sarcoma Registry. Primary surgery was recommended if a microscopic radical resection was feasible without mutilation. No standard systemic treatment protocol was available, but several medical options were recommended. RESULTS A total of 19 patients (median age 8.3 years) were included. Most patients had a biopsy at diagnosis (Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study [IRS] I; n = 2, IRS II; n = 1, IRS III biopsy; n = 11, IRS III resection; n = 3, IRS IV; n = 2). Twelve patients received neoadjuvant systemic therapy in first line (four received multiple treatments): high-dose steroids (n = 2), vinorelbine/vinblastine with methotrexate (n = 6), or ROS1 inhibitors (n = 8). After a median follow-up of 2.8 years (range, 0.2-13.4), seven patients developed an event. The 3-year event-free survival was 41% (95% CI, 11 to 71), and the 3-year overall survival was 100%. CONCLUSION Outcome for ROS1-altered IMTs appears excellent. A complete resection at diagnosis was often not feasible, and most patients needed neoadjuvant therapy. Patients who developed a tumor event could be cured with reinitiation of systemic therapy and/or surgery. This approach illustrates a switch in treatment philosophy moving from immediate, often mutilating, surgery to systemic (targeted) therapy as a bridge to more conservative surgery later in the treatment course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reineke A Schoot
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Orbach
- SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer), Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Veronique Minard Colin
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave-Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Rita Alaggio
- Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratories, Bambino Gesu Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Di Carlo
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nadege Corradini
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Institut d'Hematologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Federico Mercolini
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology "Lalla Seràgnoli", Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maria Milano
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS), Rome, Italy
| | - Max M van Noesel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Angelique Rome
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - Patrizia Dall'Igna
- Pediatric Surgery, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonic Area, Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Kristian Pajtler
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Monika Sparber-Sauer
- Stuttgart Cancer Center, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin (Olgahospital), Pädiatrie 5 (Pädiatrische Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Klinikum der Landeshauptstadt Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Ferrari
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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21
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Brugières L, Cozic N, Houot R, Rigaud C, Sibon D, Arfi-Rouche J, Bories P, Cottereau AS, Delmer A, Ducassou S, Garnier N, Lamant L, Leruste A, Millot F, Moalla S, Morschhauser F, Nolla M, Pagnier A, Reguerre Y, Renaud L, Schmitt A, Simonin M, Verschuur A, Hoog Labouret N, Mahier Ait Oukhatar C, Vassal G. Efficacy and safety of crizotinib in ALK-positive systemic anaplastic large-cell lymphoma in children, adolescents, and adult patients: results of the French AcSé-crizotinib trial. Eur J Cancer 2023; 191:112984. [PMID: 37549532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.112984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The French phase II AcSé-crizotinib trial aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of crizotinib in patients with ALK, ROS1, and MET-driven malignancies, including ALK-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALK+ ALCL). METHODS ALK+ ALCL patients 12 months or older with measurable disease and no standard care options available received crizotinib twice daily at 165 mg/m2 in children and adolescents and 250 mg in adults. The primary end-point was the response rate at 8 weeks. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients were enroled between February 2014 and March 2018. Three patients who were not treated were excluded from the analysis. The median age was 19 years. The median previous line of chemotherapy was two. In the 24 patients with an evaluable response, the response rate at 8 weeks was 67% (95% CI: 47-82%). All patients discontinued crizotinib after a median treatment duration of 3.7 months: eight for progression, two for adverse events (AEs) related to prior treatments, and 15 by choice, including six for allogeneic stem-cell transplantation. The median follow-up was 45 months. Nine patients experienced an event: eight relapses (seven after crizotinib discontinuation and one after dose reduction), and one died in complete remission. The median duration of response was 43.3 months (95% CI: 8.3-not reached). The 3-year progression-free and overall survival rates were 40% (95% CI: 23-59%) and 63% (95% CI: 43-79%). Grade 3 or 4 treatment-related AEs occurred in 32% of patients. CONCLUSION Crizotinib shows efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in ALK+ ALCL relapsed/refractory patients. However, a large proportion of patients experience a relapse after crizotinib discontinuation. Future studies will assess if prolonged ALK inhibitor exposure has curative potential without consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Brugières
- Department of Children and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.
| | - Nathalie Cozic
- Service de Biostatistique et d'Epidémiologie, Gustave Roussy, Oncostat U1018 INSERM, Labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Roch Houot
- Department of Hematology, CHU de Rennes, Université de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Charlotte Rigaud
- Department of Children and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - David Sibon
- Lymphoid Malignancies Department, Henri Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, Creteil, France
| | - Julia Arfi-Rouche
- Department of Radiology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
| | - Pierre Bories
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer - Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne S Cottereau
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Alain Delmer
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Reims and UFR Médecine, Reims, France
| | | | - Nathalie Garnier
- Institut d'Hematologie et d'Oncologie Pediatrique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurence Lamant
- Department of Pathology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier; UMR1037 CRCT, Toulouse, France
| | - Amaury Leruste
- SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and Research for Children and AYA with Cancer), Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
| | | | - S Moalla
- Institut Universitaire du Cancer - Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Franck Morschhauser
- ULR 7365 - GRITA - Groupe de Recherche sur les formes Injectables et les Technologies Associées, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Marie Nolla
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology, CHU Toulouse Purpan, France
| | - Anne Pagnier
- Pediatric Immunology Hematology and Oncology, CHU Grenoble Alpes, France
| | - Yves Reguerre
- CHU de Saint Denis de La Réunion Service d'Oncologie et d'Hématologie Pédiatrique, Saint Denis, France
| | - Loic Renaud
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Hemato-Oncologie, DMU DHI; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Anne Schmitt
- Hématologie, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Simonin
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Armand Trousseau Hospital, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Verschuur
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, La Timone University Hospital, APHM, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Gilles Vassal
- Department of Children and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France
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22
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Mastini C, Campisi M, Patrucco E, Mura G, Ferreira A, Costa C, Ambrogio C, Germena G, Martinengo C, Peola S, Mota I, Vissio E, Molinaro L, Arigoni M, Olivero M, Calogero R, Prokoph N, Tabbò F, Shoji B, Brugieres L, Geoerger B, Turner SD, Cuesta-Mateos C, D’Aliberti D, Mologni L, Piazza R, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Inghirami GG, Chiono V, Kamm RD, Hirsch E, Koch R, Weinstock DM, Aster JC, Voena C, Chiarle R. Targeting CCR7-PI3Kγ overcomes resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in ALK-rearranged lymphoma. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabo3826. [PMID: 37379367 PMCID: PMC10804420 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abo3826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) show potent efficacy in several ALK-driven tumors, but the development of resistance limits their long-term clinical impact. Although resistance mechanisms have been studied extensively in ALK-driven non-small cell lung cancer, they are poorly understood in ALK-driven anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Here, we identify a survival pathway supported by the tumor microenvironment that activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase γ (PI3K-γ) signaling through the C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7). We found increased PI3K signaling in patients and ALCL cell lines resistant to ALK TKIs. PI3Kγ expression was predictive of a lack of response to ALK TKI in patients with ALCL. Expression of CCR7, PI3Kγ, and PI3Kδ were up-regulated during ALK or STAT3 inhibition or degradation and a constitutively active PI3Kγ isoform cooperated with oncogenic ALK to accelerate lymphomagenesis in mice. In a three-dimensional microfluidic chip, endothelial cells that produce the CCR7 ligands CCL19/CCL21 protected ALCL cells from apoptosis induced by crizotinib. The PI3Kγ/δ inhibitor duvelisib potentiated crizotinib activity against ALCL lines and patient-derived xenografts. Furthermore, genetic deletion of CCR7 blocked the central nervous system dissemination and perivascular growth of ALCL in mice treated with crizotinib. Thus, blockade of PI3Kγ or CCR7 signaling together with ALK TKI treatment reduces primary resistance and the survival of persister lymphoma cells in ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mastini
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Marco Campisi
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico of Torino, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Enrico Patrucco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Giulia Mura
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Antonio Ferreira
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Carlotta Costa
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Chiara Ambrogio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Giulia Germena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Cinzia Martinengo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Silvia Peola
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Ines Mota
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elena Vissio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino 10043, Italy
| | - Luca Molinaro
- Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Maddalena Arigoni
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Martina Olivero
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Orbassano, Torino 10043, Italy
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Candiolo, Torino 10060, Italy
| | - Raffaele Calogero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Nina Prokoph
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fabrizio Tabbò
- Department of Pathology, Cornell University, New York NY 10121, USA
| | - Brent Shoji
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Laurence Brugieres
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif 94805, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INSERM U1015, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Suzanne D. Turner
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno 601 77, Czech Republic
| | - Carlos Cuesta-Mateos
- Department of Pre-Clinical Development, Catapult Therapeutics B.V., 8243 RC, Lelystad, Netherlands
| | - Deborah D’Aliberti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Luca Mologni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | - Rocco Piazza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza 20900, Italy
| | | | | | - Valeria Chiono
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico of Torino, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Roger D. Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Raphael Koch
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - David M. Weinstock
- Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jon C. Aster
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115, USA
| | - Claudia Voena
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
| | - Roberto Chiarle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino 10126, Italy
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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23
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Shekar M, Llaurador Caraballo G, Punia JN, Curry CV, Fisher KE, Redell MS. ALK Fusion in an Adolescent with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1842. [PMID: 37509482 PMCID: PMC10377196 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating mutations and fusions of the ALK oncogene have been identified as drivers in a number of malignancies. Crizotinib and subsequent ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors have improved treatment outcomes for these patients. In this paper, we discuss the case of an adolescent patient with acute myeloid leukemia, who was identified to have an activating ALK fusion, which is a rare finding and has never been reported in cases of AML without monosomy 7. Crizotinib was added to this patient's frontline therapy and was well tolerated. In cases of more common gene alterations, existing data supports the use of targeted agents as post-HSCT maintenance therapy; however, crizotinib was not able to be used post-HSCT for this patient due to the inability to obtain insurance coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan Shekar
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Gabriela Llaurador Caraballo
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jyotinder N Punia
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Choladda V Curry
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kevin E Fisher
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michele S Redell
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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24
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Tanaka M, Miura H, Ishimaru S, Furukawa G, Kawamura Y, Kozawa K, Yamada S, Ito F, Kudo K, Yoshikawa T. Future Perspective for ALK-Positive Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma with Initial Central Nervous System (CNS) Involvement: Could Next-Generation ALK Inhibitors Replace Brain Radiotherapy for the Prevention of Further CNS Relapse? Pediatr Rep 2023; 15:333-340. [PMID: 37368362 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric15020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) involvement in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) at diagnosis is rare and leads to poor prognosis with the use of the standard ALCL99 protocol alone. CNS-directed intensive chemotherapy, such as an increased dose of intravenous MTX, increased dose of dexamethasone, intensified intrathecal therapy, and high-dose cytarabine, followed by cranial irradiation, has been shown to improve survival in this population. In this paper, the authors describe a 14-year-old male with an intracranial ALCL mass at onset who received CNS-directed chemotherapy followed by 23.4 Gy of whole-brain irradiation. After the first systemic relapse, the CNS-penetrating ALK inhibitor, alectinib, was applied; it has successfully maintained remission for 18 months without any adverse events. CNS-penetrating ALK inhibitor therapy might prevent CNS relapse in pediatric ALK-positive ALCL. Next-generation ALK inhibitors could be introduced as a promising treatment option, even for primary ALCL with CNS involvement, which could lead to the omission of cranial irradiation and avoid radiation-induced sequalae. Further evidence of CNS-penetrating ALK inhibitor combined therapy for primary ALK-positive ALCL is warranted to reduce radiation-induced sequalae in future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makito Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroki Miura
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Soichiro Ishimaru
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Gen Furukawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kawamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kei Kozawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamada
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Ito
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuko Kudo
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Yoshikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
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25
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Berko ER, Witek GM, Matkar S, Petrova ZO, Wu MA, Smith CM, Daniels A, Kalna J, Kennedy A, Gostuski I, Casey C, Krytska K, Gerelus M, Pavlick D, Ghazarian S, Park JR, Marachelian A, Maris JM, Goldsmith KC, Radhakrishnan R, Lemmon MA, Mossé YP. Circulating tumor DNA reveals mechanisms of lorlatinib resistance in patients with relapsed/refractory ALK-driven neuroblastoma. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2601. [PMID: 37147298 PMCID: PMC10163008 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38195-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Activating point mutations in Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) have positioned ALK as the only mutated oncogene tractable for targeted therapy in neuroblastoma. Cells with these mutations respond to lorlatinib in pre-clinical studies, providing the rationale for a first-in-child Phase 1 trial (NCT03107988) in patients with ALK-driven neuroblastoma. To track evolutionary dynamics and heterogeneity of tumors, and to detect early emergence of lorlatinib resistance, we collected serial circulating tumor DNA samples from patients enrolled on this trial. Here we report the discovery of off-target resistance mutations in 11 patients (27%), predominantly in the RAS-MAPK pathway. We also identify newly acquired secondary compound ALK mutations in 6 (15%) patients, all acquired at disease progression. Functional cellular and biochemical assays and computational studies elucidate lorlatinib resistance mechanisms. Our results establish the clinical utility of serial circulating tumor DNA sampling to track response and progression and to discover acquired resistance mechanisms that can be leveraged to develop therapeutic strategies to overcome lorlatinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther R Berko
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Gabriela M Witek
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Smita Matkar
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zaritza O Petrova
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Megan A Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Courtney M Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Alex Daniels
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Kalna
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Annie Kennedy
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ivan Gostuski
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Colleen Casey
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kateryna Krytska
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark Gerelus
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Susan Ghazarian
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julie R Park
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Araz Marachelian
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kelly C Goldsmith
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ravi Radhakrishnan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark A Lemmon
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Yale Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Yaël P Mossé
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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26
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Knörr F, Schellekens KPJ, Schoot RA, Landman-Parker J, Teltschik HM, Förster J, Riquelme A, Huitema ADR, Van Eijkelenburg NKA, Beishuizen A, Zwaan CM, Woessmann W, Van der Lugt J. Combination therapy with crizotinib and vinblastine for relapsed or refractory pediatric ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Haematologica 2023; 108:1442-1446. [PMID: 36519329 PMCID: PMC10153539 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.281896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Knörr
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg.
| | - Kim P J Schellekens
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam
| | | | - Judith Landman-Parker
- Pediatric Hematology, Immunology, Oncology, Sorbonne université, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, APHP, Paris
| | | | - Jan Förster
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Amambay Riquelme
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - Alwin D R Huitema
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Dept. Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Dept. Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht
| | | | - Auke Beishuizen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam
| | - C Michel Zwaan
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Erasmus Medical Center, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
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27
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Aguirregomezcorta FR, Hedge K, Slater O, Benito AI, Jorgensen M. Impact of molecular biology in children with ALK+ inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour. A reflexion from a case report. An Pediatr (Barc) 2023; 98:387-388. [PMID: 37045730 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2023.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kriti Hedge
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olga Slater
- Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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28
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Lowe EJ, Reilly AF, Lim MS, Gross TG, Saguilig L, Barkauskas DA, Wu R, Alexander S, Bollard CM. Crizotinib in Combination With Chemotherapy for Pediatric Patients With ALK+ Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma: The Results of Children's Oncology Group Trial ANHL12P1. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41:2043-2053. [PMID: 36534942 PMCID: PMC10082271 DOI: 10.1200/jco.22.00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Arm crizotinib (CZ) of the Children's Oncology Group trial ANHL12P1 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01979536) examined the efficacy and toxicity of adding CZ to standard chemotherapy for children with newly diagnosed, nonlocalized ALK+ CD30+ anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 2013 and 2019, 66 enrolled children received CZ with chemotherapy. Patients received a 5-day prophase followed by six chemotherapy cycles at 21-day intervals with CZ administered twice daily during each 21-day cycle. The study was temporarily closed for two periods (total 12 months) to evaluate toxicity, during which CZ was discontinued. Measurements of NPM-ALK fusion transcripts in peripheral blood were performed at diagnosis for minimal disseminated disease (MDD). RESULTS The 2-year event-free survival (EFS) is 76.8% (95% CI, 68.5 to 88.1) and the 2-year overall survival is 95.2% (95% CI, 85.7 to 98.4). Fifteen patients relapsed and one patient died; median time to relapse was 7.4 months from diagnosis, with relapses occurring after chemotherapy was complete. The 66 patients completed 384 cycles of chemotherapy. Thirteen of the 66 patients experienced a grade 2+ thromboembolic adverse event (19.7%; 95% CI, 11.1 to 31.3). In the 25 patients who received mandated prophylactic anticoagulation, there were two thromboembolic events (8.0%; 95% CI, 0.01 to 26). Patients with negative MDD had a superior outcome, with an EFS of 85.6% (95% CI, 68.6 to 93.8); positive MDD was associated with a lower EFS of 58.1% (95% CI, 33.4 to 76.4). CONCLUSION Arm CZ of ANHL12P1 demonstrated that the addition of CZ to standard treatment prevented relapses during therapy for children with ALCL, MDD predicted EFS, and the addition of CZ resulted in unexpected thromboembolic events. Overall survival and EFS rates are consistent with the highest reported outcomes for children with ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J. Lowe
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Children's Hospital of the Kings Daughters, Norfolk, VA
| | - Anne F. Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Megan S. Lim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA
| | - Thomas G. Gross
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO
| | | | - Donald A. Barkauskas
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA
| | - Sarah Alexander
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Catherine M. Bollard
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Cancer and Immunology Research, Children's National Hospital and The George Washington University, Washington, DC
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29
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Goldsmith KC, Park JR, Kayser K, Malvar J, Chi YY, Groshen SG, Villablanca JG, Krytska K, Lai LM, Acharya PT, Goodarzian F, Pawel B, Shimada H, Ghazarian S, States L, Marshall L, Chesler L, Granger M, Desai AV, Mody R, Morgenstern DA, Shusterman S, Macy ME, Pinto N, Schleiermacher G, Vo K, Thurm HC, Chen J, Liyanage M, Peltz G, Matthay KK, Berko ER, Maris JM, Marachelian A, Mossé YP. Lorlatinib with or without chemotherapy in ALK-driven refractory/relapsed neuroblastoma: phase 1 trial results. Nat Med 2023; 29:1092-1102. [PMID: 37012551 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02297-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastomas harbor ALK aberrations clinically resistant to crizotinib yet sensitive pre-clinically to the third-generation ALK inhibitor lorlatinib. We conducted a first-in-child study evaluating lorlatinib with and without chemotherapy in children and adults with relapsed or refractory ALK-driven neuroblastoma. The trial is ongoing, and we report here on three cohorts that have met pre-specified primary endpoints: lorlatinib as a single agent in children (12 months to <18 years); lorlatinib as a single agent in adults (≥18 years); and lorlatinib in combination with topotecan/cyclophosphamide in children (<18 years). Primary endpoints were safety, pharmacokinetics and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). Secondary endpoints were response rate and 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) response. Lorlatinib was evaluated at 45-115 mg/m2/dose in children and 100-150 mg in adults. Common adverse events (AEs) were hypertriglyceridemia (90%), hypercholesterolemia (79%) and weight gain (87%). Neurobehavioral AEs occurred mainly in adults and resolved with dose hold/reduction. The RP2D of lorlatinib with and without chemotherapy in children was 115 mg/m2. The single-agent adult RP2D was 150 mg. The single-agent response rate (complete/partial/minor) for <18 years was 30%; for ≥18 years, 67%; and for chemotherapy combination in <18 years, 63%; and 13 of 27 (48%) responders achieved MIBG complete responses, supporting lorlatinib's rapid translation into active phase 3 trials for patients with newly diagnosed high-risk, ALK-driven neuroblastoma. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03107988 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly C Goldsmith
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Julie R Park
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kimberly Kayser
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jemily Malvar
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yueh-Yun Chi
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Susan G Groshen
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Judith G Villablanca
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kateryna Krytska
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lillian M Lai
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Patricia T Acharya
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fariba Goodarzian
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bruce Pawel
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Susan Ghazarian
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lisa States
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lynley Marshall
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Louis Chesler
- The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
- The Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | | | - Ami V Desai
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology/Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rajen Mody
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel A Morgenstern
- Division of Haematology and Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suzanne Shusterman
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margaret E Macy
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Navin Pinto
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gudrun Schleiermacher
- RTOP (Recherche Translationelle en Oncologie Pédiatrique), INSERM U830, Research Center, PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- SIREDO Oncology Center (Care, Innovation and Research for Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer), Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Kieuhoa Vo
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Holger C Thurm
- Global Product Development, Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Oncology, Pfizer, Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Chen
- Global Product Development, Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Oncology, Pfizer, Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - Marlon Liyanage
- Global Product Development, Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Oncology, Pfizer, Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - Gerson Peltz
- Global Product Development, Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer Oncology, Pfizer, Inc., New York, NY, USA
| | - Katherine K Matthay
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Esther R Berko
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - John M Maris
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Araz Marachelian
- Cancer and Blood Disease Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yael P Mossé
- Division of Oncology and Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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30
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Manselle MK, Ries RE, Hylkema T, Leonti A, Kirkey DC, Furlan SN, Meshinchi S. Functional consequence and therapeutic targeting of cryptic ALK fusions in monosomy 7 acute myeloid leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30180. [PMID: 36720638 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have a wide array of cytogenetic and molecular aberrations, which can influence response to therapy. Monosomy 7 is a rare subset within pediatric AML (prevalence of <2%) that is highly associated with poor outcomes. Fusions involving the anaplastic tyrosine kinase (ALK) gene were exclusively identified in 14.3% of this high-risk cohort, while absent across all other AML. Given the dismal outcomes of monosomy 7, we evaluated the use of crizotinib, an FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitor, used to treat patients with ALK fusions. Our findings suggest that crizotinib may serve as a novel therapy for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makia K Manselle
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Clinical Research Division, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rhonda E Ries
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Tiffany Hylkema
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Amanda Leonti
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Danielle C Kirkey
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Clinical Research Division, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Scott N Furlan
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Soheil Meshinchi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Clinical Research Division, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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31
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Fujiki T, Sakai Y, Ikawa Y, Takenaka M, Noguchi K, Kuroda R, Abe T, Nomura K, Sakai S, Wada T. Pediatric inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the bladder with ALK-FN1 fusion successfully treated by alectinib. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30172. [PMID: 36635892 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
An inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of myofibroblasts and inflammatory cell infiltration. Although radical resection is the only established treatment strategy for IMT, it can cause functional disorders when vital organs are affected. We describe a case of pediatric IMT of the bladder with FN1-ALK (fibronectin 1-anaplastic lymphoma kinase) fusion. Radical resection might lead to urinary disturbance due to the large tumor size at diagnosis. However, the tumor was successfully treated with alectinib, a second-generation ALK inhibitor, followed by transurethral resection of the bladder tumor without any complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Fujiki
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yuta Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Mika Takenaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Noguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Rie Kuroda
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Abe
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kozo Nomura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Seisho Sakai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Taizo Wada
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
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32
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Huang X, Li G, Li L, Wang J, Shen J, Chen Y, Yu W, Chen A, Wu T, Ma J, Ling B, He L, Chen X. Establishing an RNA fusions panel in soft tissue sarcoma with clinical validation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4403. [PMID: 36928336 PMCID: PMC10020547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29511-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnosis and classification of soft tissue sarcomas (STS) remain challenging because of the rarity and overlapping morphologic manifestations of diverse STS subtypes. Characteristic gene fusions are commonly detected in STS and represent useful diagnostic markers. This study established and validated a custom-designed RNA sequencing panel that identified 64 gene fusions in STS. The analytical performance validation yielded excellent accuracy, with 100% (95% CI, 94.40%-100%) sensitivity and 93.33% (95% CI, 68.05%-99.83%) specificity. Clinical performances were further confirmed with 145 clinical formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples from STS patients. Fusions were detected in 40% of samples (58/145). The common fusions SS18-SSX family, EWSR1-related fusions, COL1A1-PDGFB, FOXO1-associated fusions, and FUS-associated fusions were identified in corresponding STS subtypes. The RNA panel detected specific fusions in several cases where no conclusive diagnosis can be made based on the morphology and immunohistochemistry results. Data collected in this study demonstrate that the RNA fusions panel can better classify STS subtypes and serve as a good supplement for histopathology, exhibiting a great potential for the STS precise diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Huang
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Guibin Li
- Guangzhou KingMed Transformative Medicine Institute Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Linghua Li
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianru Shen
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yao Chen
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Wuzhong Yu
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Ailin Chen
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Guangzhou KingMed Center for Clinical Laboratory Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Bao Ling
- Shenzhen KingMed Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang He
- Shenzhen KingMed Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xudan Chen
- Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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33
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Meurillon R, Leruste A. [Drug approval: Crizotinib for relapsed or refractory, ALK-positive, systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma in pediatrics]. Bull Cancer 2023; 110:250-251. [PMID: 36754658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Meurillon
- Institut Curie, centre intégré de soins et de recherche en oncologie de l'enfant, adolescent et jeune adulte (SIREDO), institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Amaury Leruste
- Institut Curie, centre intégré de soins et de recherche en oncologie de l'enfant, adolescent et jeune adulte (SIREDO), institut Curie, 26, rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
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34
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Ehrhardt MJ, Dixon SB, Belsky J, Hochberg J. Late effects and frontline treatment selection for children with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2023; 36:101443. [PMID: 36907640 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2023.101443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Approximately 1 in 640 adults between 20 and 40 years of age is a survivor of childhood cancer. However, survival has often come at the expense of increased risk of long-term complications, including chronic health conditions and higher mortality rates. Similarly, long-term survivors of childhood non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) experience significant morbidity and mortality related to prior cancer treatments, highlighting the importance of primary and secondary prevention strategies to mitigate late toxicity. As a result, effective treatment regimens for pediatric NHL have evolved to reduce both short- and long-term toxicity through cumulative dose reductions and elimination of radiation. The establishment of effective regimens facilitates shared decision-making opportunities for frontline treatment selection that considers efficacy, acute toxicity, convenience, and late effects of treatments. The current review seeks to merge current frontline treatment regimens with survivorship guidelines to enhance understanding of potential long-term health risks to facilitate best treatment practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Ehrhardt
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
| | - Stephanie B Dixon
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jennifer Belsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jessica Hochberg
- Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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35
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Beishuizen A, Mellgren K, Andrés M, Auperin A, Bacon CM, Bomken S, Burke GAA, Burkhardt B, Brugieres L, Chiang AKS, Damm-Welk C, d'Amore E, Horibe K, Kabickova E, Khanam T, Kontny U, Klapper W, Lamant L, Le Deley MC, Loeffen J, Macintyre E, Mann G, Meyer-Wentrup F, Michgehl U, Minard-Colin V, Mussolin L, Oschlies I, Patte C, Pillon M, Reiter A, Rigaud C, Roncery L, Salaverria I, Simonitsch-Klupp I, Uyttebroeck A, Verdu-Amoros J, Williams D, Woessmann W, Wotherspoon A, Wrobel G, Zimmermann M, Attarbaschi A, Turner SD. Improving outcomes of childhood and young adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma: 25 years of research and collaboration within the framework of the European Intergroup for Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma. Lancet Haematol 2023; 10:e213-e224. [PMID: 36858678 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-3026(22)00374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The European Intergroup for Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (EICNHL) was established 25 years ago with the goal to facilitate clinical trials and research collaborations in the field both within Europe and worldwide. Since its inception, much progress has been made whereby major improvements in outcomes have been achieved. In this Review, we describe the different diagnostic entities of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in children and young adults describing key features of each entity and outlining clinical achievements made in the context of the EICNHL framework. Furthermore, we provide an overview of advances in biopathology with an emphasis on the role of biological studies and how they have shaped available treatments. Finally, for each entity, we describe future goals, upcoming clinical trials, and highlight areas of research that require our focus going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auke Beishuizen
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands; The Netherlands and Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Karin Mellgren
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mara Andrés
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Le Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Anne Auperin
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Chris M Bacon
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Wolfson Childhood Cancer Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Simon Bomken
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Wolfson Childhood Cancer Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - G A Amos Burke
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - Birgit Burkhardt
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and BMT, University Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Laurence Brugieres
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Alan K S Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics & AdolescentMedicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Christine Damm-Welk
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Emanuele d'Amore
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Keizo Horibe
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Edita Kabickova
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charles University & University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tasneem Khanam
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - Udo Kontny
- Section of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfram Klapper
- Institute of Pathology, Hematopathology Section, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Laurence Lamant
- Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer-TOUCAN, Équipe Labellisée La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Inserm, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Jan Loeffen
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth Macintyre
- Onco-hematology, Université Paris Cité and Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Georg Mann
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Friederike Meyer-Wentrup
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Ulf Michgehl
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology and Palliative Care, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge
| | - Veronique Minard-Colin
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Lara Mussolin
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica Città della Speranza, Padua, Italy; Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Maternal and Child Health Department, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilske Oschlies
- Institute of Pathology, Hematopathology Section, University of Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Catherine Patte
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Marta Pillon
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplant Division, Maternal and Child Health Department, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Alfred Reiter
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Charlotte Rigaud
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and BMT, University Hospital Muenster, Münster, Germany
| | - Leila Roncery
- St Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Itziar Salaverria
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anne Uyttebroeck
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Leuven,KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jaime Verdu-Amoros
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Denise Williams
- Wolfson Childhood Cancer Centre, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Grazyna Wrobel
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Martin Zimmermann
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andishe Attarbaschi
- St Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Suzanne D Turner
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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36
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Tenaillon A, Orbach D. Nouvelle AMM : crizotinib dans les tumeurs myofibroblastiques inflammatoires pédiatriques ALK positives. Bull Cancer 2023; 110:248-249. [PMID: 36717340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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37
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Rigaud C, Knörr F, Brugières L, Woessmann W. Diagnosis and management of ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma in children and adolescents. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2023; 36:101444. [PMID: 36907641 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2023.101444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a CD30-positive T cell lymphoma characterized by signalling from constitutively activated ALK fusion proteins. Most children and adolescents present in advanced stages, often with extranodal disease and B symptoms. The current front-line therapy standard of six cycles polychemotherapy reaches an event-free survival of 70%. The strongest independent prognostic factors are minimal disseminated disease and early minimal residual disease. At relapse, ALK-inhibitors, Brentuximab Vedotin, Vinblastine, or second line chemotherapy are effective re-inductions. Survival at relapse exceeds 60-70% with consolidation according to the time of relapse (Vinblastine monotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) so that the overall survival reaches 95%. It needs to be shown whether check-point inhibitors or long-term ALK-inhibition may substitute for transplantation. The future necessitates international cooperative trials testing whether a shift of paradigm to a chemotherapy-free regimen can cure ALK-positive ALCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Rigaud
- Department of Children and Adolescents Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.
| | - Fabian Knörr
- NHL-BFM Study Centre and Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany; Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Centre HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Laurence Brugières
- Department of Children and Adolescents Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Paris-Saclay University, Villejuif, France.
| | - Wilhelm Woessmann
- NHL-BFM Study Centre and Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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Suthapot P, Chiangjong W, Chaiyawat P, Choochuen P, Pruksakorn D, Sangkhathat S, Hongeng S, Anurathapan U, Chutipongtanate S. Genomics-Driven Precision Medicine in Pediatric Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051418. [PMID: 36900212 PMCID: PMC10000495 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, several study programs have conducted genetic testing in cancer patients to identify potential genetic targets for the development of precision therapeutic strategies. These biomarker-driven trials have demonstrated improved clinical outcomes and progression-free survival rates in various types of cancers, especially for adult malignancies. However, similar progress in pediatric cancers has been slow due to their distinguished mutation profiles compared to adults and the low frequency of recurrent genomic alterations. Recently, increased efforts to develop precision medicine for childhood malignancies have led to the identification of genomic alterations and transcriptomic profiles of pediatric patients which presents promising opportunities to study rare and difficult-to-access neoplasms. This review summarizes the current state of known and potential genetic markers for pediatric solid tumors and provides perspectives on precise therapeutic strategies that warrant further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praewa Suthapot
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Biomedical Science and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wararat Chiangjong
- Pediatric Translational Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Parunya Chaiyawat
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Choochuen
- Department of Biomedical Science and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Surasak Sangkhathat
- Department of Biomedical Science and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Usanarat Anurathapan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence: (U.A.); or (S.C.)
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Correspondence: (U.A.); or (S.C.)
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Major A, Porcu P, Haverkos BM. Rational Targets of Therapy in Extranodal NK/T-Cell Lymphoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051366. [PMID: 36900160 PMCID: PMC10000128 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is an aggressive extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) with poor outcomes, particularly in advanced-stage and relapsed/refractory disease. Emerging research on molecular drivers of ENKTL lymphomagenesis by next-generation and whole genome sequencing has revealed diverse genomic mutations in multiple signaling pathways, with the identification of multiple putative targets for novel therapeutic agents. In this review, we summarize the biological underpinnings of newly-understood therapeutic targets in ENKTL with a focus on translational implications, including epigenetic and histone regulatory aberrations, activation of cell proliferation signaling pathways, suppression of apoptosis and tumor suppressor genes, changes in the tumor microenvironment, and EBV-mediated oncogenesis. In addition, we highlight prognostic and predictive biomarkers which may enable a personalized medicine approach toward ENKTL therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Major
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Pierluigi Porcu
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Bradley M. Haverkos
- Division of Hematology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-720-848-0414
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Rosswog C, Fassunke J, Ernst A, Schömig-Markiefka B, Merkelbach-Bruse S, Bartenhagen C, Cartolano M, Ackermann S, Theissen J, Blattner-Johnson M, Jones B, Schramm K, Altmüller J, Nürnberg P, Ortmann M, Berthold F, Peifer M, Büttner R, Westermann F, Schulte JH, Simon T, Hero B, Fischer M. Genomic ALK alterations in primary and relapsed neuroblastoma. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:1559-1571. [PMID: 36807339 PMCID: PMC10070426 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genomic alterations of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK) occur recurrently in neuroblastoma, a pediatric malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system. However, information on their development over time has remained sparse. METHODS ALK alterations were assessed in neuroblastomas at diagnosis and/or relapse from a total of 943 patients, covering all stages of disease. Longitudinal information on diagnostic and relapsed samples from individual patients was available in 101 and 102 cases for mutation and amplification status, respectively. RESULTS At diagnosis, ALK point mutations occurred in 10.5% of all cases, with highest frequencies in stage 4 patients <18 months. At relapse, ALK alteration frequency increased by 70%, both in high-risk and non-high-risk cases. The increase was most likely due to de novo mutations, frequently leading to R1275Q substitutions, which are sensitive to pharmacological ALK inhibition. By contrast, the frequency of ALK amplifications did not change over the course of the disease. ALK amplifications, but not mutations, were associated with poor patient outcome. CONCLUSIONS The considerably increased frequency of ALK mutations at relapse and their high prevalence in young stage 4 patients suggest surveying the genomic ALK status regularly in these patient cohorts, and to evaluate ALK-targeted treatment also in intermediate-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Rosswog
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Else Kröner Forschungskolleg Clonal Evolution in Cancer, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jana Fassunke
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angela Ernst
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | | | - Christoph Bartenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria Cartolano
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sandra Ackermann
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jessica Theissen
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mirjam Blattner-Johnson
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Jones
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Schramm
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Pediatric Glioma Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Core Facility Genomics, Berlin, Germany.,Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Monika Ortmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Berthold
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Peifer
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Translational Genomics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Reinhard Büttner
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Westermann
- Division Neuroblastoma Genomics, B087, German Cancer Research Center and Hopp Children´s Cancer Center at the NCT (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes H Schulte
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Charité University Medical Centre Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Simon
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Barbara Hero
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Matthias Fischer
- Department of Experimental Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital of Cologne, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We describe select recent FDA approvals in pediatric cancers and rare tumors, and the unique regulatory considerations raised by each application. RECENT FINDINGS The approvals of naxitamab, selumetinib, selpercatinib, and crizotinib for pediatric and adolescent patients between April 2020 and January 2021 all represented first FDA approvals in their respective pediatric or adolescent populations. In addition, all represent approvals of targeted therapies administered in select patient populations, and were based on overall response rate (ORR) and duration of response (DOR) data in single-arm trials. SUMMARY Recent approvals for the pediatric oncology indications have often, but not always, relied in part upon investigator-sponsored clinical trials. Early engagement with regulatory agencies to discuss drug development in rare populations is critical to obtain early agreement on trial design and streamline development. Although reliance on ORR and DOR data may be feasible to support an approval, the ability to rely on response rate depends on many factors, including the disease context, reliability of radiographic assessment, and the results of the trial. In some cases, a time-to-event endpoint may be most appropriate to assess clinical benefit; early consideration should be given to the feasibility of conducting of a randomized trial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Oncology Center of Excellence, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Martha Donoghue
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- Oncology Center of Excellence, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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O’Donohue T, Sait SF, Bender JG. Progress in precision therapy in pediatric oncology. Curr Opin Pediatr 2023; 35:41-47. [PMID: 36377257 PMCID: PMC9812924 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The fields of precision medicine and cancer genomics in pediatric oncology are rapidly evolving. Novel diagnostic tools are critical in refining cancer diagnoses, stratifying patient risk, and informing treatment decisions. This review is timely and relevant as it discusses advantages and drawbacks of common molecular profiling techniques and highlights novel platforms, which may address select limitations. We discuss recent publications demonstrating utility of large-scale molecular profiling and feasibility and logistics of matching targeted therapies to patients. RECENT FINDINGS We describe the increased accessibility of next-generation sequencing, complementary profiling methods, and strategies to guide treatment decisions. We describe curation and sharing of large genomic datasets and novel mechanisms to obtain matched targeted therapies. Importantly, we discuss relevant publications in distinct disease domains that support indications for evidence-based precision therapy. Lastly, we introduce the incremental analyses that can be obtained via whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing. SUMMARY Here we highlight high-yield clinical scenarios of precision medicine approaches and identify the ongoing challenges including universally defining clinical actionability, optimizing trial design to account for molecular heterogeneity while acknowledging limitations in patient accrual, expanding access to molecularly targeted therapies, and validating new tools and technology to aid in precision medicine therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara O’Donohue
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Sameer Farouk Sait
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Julia Glade Bender
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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43
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Chanthong S, Sathitsamitphong L, Natesirinilkul R, Charoenkwan P, Suwansirikul S, Choed-Amphai C. Treatment modalities of ALK-positive relapsed/refractory inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the brain and lungs in 7-year-old girl: case-based reviews. Childs Nerv Syst 2023; 39:331-342. [PMID: 36515740 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-022-05789-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) belongs to mesenchymal neoplasm of intermediate malignancy in WHO classification. Primary CNS disease or CNS metastases (CNS-IMT) occur in minority. We describe a case of relapsed/refractory IMT of lungs with multiple brain metastases in young child who achieved long-term complete response after alectinib. This systematic review also summarizes treatment modalities and outcome of children and adolescent with CNS-IMT. METHODS PRISMA 2020 guideline was applied to select an article from PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases without time limits. This review focused on children and adolescent 0-24 years of age with CNS-IMT or inflammatory pseudotumor (CNS-IPT). The clinical characteristics and treatment outcome were explored. RESULTS A total of 51 patients in 49 publications were identified. Median age of patients with CNS-IMT/IPT was 15-year-old and 60.8% were male. The most common location of tumor was cerebral cortex (54.9%). Complete resection of CNS-IMT/IPT was performed in 27 cases with 100% complete response and 18.5% recurrence. Nearly half of patients who received partial resection without adjuvant therapy experienced progressive disease, while the contrast group totally achieved partial response. Overall responses in 7 patients treating with ALK inhibitors were 57.1% durable complete response and 42.9% transient partial response. CONCLUSION First-line treatment of CNS-IMT/IPT is complete resection. Patients who received partial tumor removal might have benefit from adjuvant therapy. ALK inhibitors reveal a promising result in unresectable CNS-IMT/IPT. Our case has shown a success in treating relapsed and refractory CNS-IMT as well as the primary site using 2nd-generation ALK inhibitor.
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Wachter F, Janeway KA. Comment on: Clinical, pathologic, and molecular features of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors in children and adolescents: ROS1-fusion inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor: ROS1-fusion inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e29907. [PMID: 35920604 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Wachter
- Pediatrics, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine A Janeway
- Pediatrics, Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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45
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Yap DRY, Lim JQ, Huang D, Ong CK, Chan JY. Emerging predictive biomarkers for novel therapeutics in peripheral T-cell and natural killer/T-cell lymphoma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1068662. [PMID: 36776886 PMCID: PMC9909478 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1068662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) and natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) are rare subtypes of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that are typically associated with poor treatment outcomes. Contemporary first-line treatment strategies generally involve the use of combination chemoimmunotherapy, radiation and/or stem cell transplant. Salvage options incorporate a number of novel agents including epigenetic therapies (e.g. HDAC inhibitors, DNMT inhibitors) as well as immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, validated biomarkers to select patients for individualized precision therapy are presently lacking, resulting in high treatment failure rates, unnecessary exposure to drug toxicities, and missed treatment opportunities. Recent advances in research on the tumor and microenvironmental factors of PTCL and NKTCL, including alterations in specific molecular features and immune signatures, have improved our understanding of these diseases, though several issues continue to impede progress in clinical translation. In this Review, we summarize the progress and development of the current predictive biomarker landscape, highlight potential knowledge gaps, and discuss the implications on novel therapeutics development in PTCL and NKTCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ren Yi Yap
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Quan Lim
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dachuan Huang
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Choon Kiat Ong
- Lymphoma Genomic Translational Research Laboratory, Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jason Yongsheng Chan
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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46
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Noguchi K, Ikawa Y, Takenaka M, Sakai Y, Fujiki T, Kuroda R, Ikeda H, Abe T, Sakai S, Wada T. Acquired L1196M ALK mutation in anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma during alectinib administration. EJHaem 2023; 4:305-308. [PMID: 36819147 PMCID: PMC9928650 DOI: 10.1002/jha2.646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Noguchi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of MedicalPharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Yasuhiro Ikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of MedicalPharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Mika Takenaka
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of MedicalPharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Yuta Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of MedicalPharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Toshihiro Fujiki
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of MedicalPharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Rie Kuroda
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of MedicalPharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Hiroko Ikeda
- Department of Diagnostic PathologyKanazawa University HospitalKanazawaJapan
| | - Takatoshi Abe
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryKanazawa University HospitalKanazawaJapan
| | - Seisho Sakai
- Department of Pediatric SurgeryKanazawa University HospitalKanazawaJapan
| | - Taizo Wada
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of MedicalPharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
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47
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Zhu J, Liu HL, Liu H, Li G, Liu JR, Wang WW. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor diagnosed due to high intraocular pressure. Int J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:147-150. [PMID: 36659938 PMCID: PMC9815981 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2023.01.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhu
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital Northwest University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hong-Lei Liu
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital Northwest University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital Northwest University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Gang Li
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital Northwest University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian-Rong Liu
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital Northwest University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital Northwest University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
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Sorigue M, Kuittinen O. Controversies in the Front-Line Treatment of Systemic Peripheral T Cell Lymphomas. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15. [PMID: 36612216 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic peripheral T cell lymphomas (PTCL) are a rare and clinically and biologically heterogeneous group of disorders with scarce and generally low-quality evidence guiding their management. In this manuscript, we tackle the current controversies in the front-line treatment of systemic PTCL including (1) whether CNS prophylaxis should be administered; (2) whether CHOEP should be preferred over CHOP; (3) what role brentuximab vedotin should have; (4) whether stem cell transplant (SCT) consolidation should be used and whether autologous or allogeneic; (5) how should molecular subtypes (including DUSP22 or TP63-rearranged ALCL or GATA3 or TBX21 PTCL, NOS) impact therapeutic decisions; and (6) whether there is a role for targeted agents beyond brentuximab vedotin.
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Tang F, Dai G, Huang X, Wang D. Uterine inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor presented as abnormal uterine bleeding: Two cases report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32141. [PMID: 36550868 PMCID: PMC9771253 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is an extremely rare soft tissue neoplasm consisting of the proliferation of fibroblastic-myofibroblastic cells with inflammatory infiltrates. It is known to occur in many parts of the body and can generally present with benign or locally recurrent behavior. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase is a specific diagnostic marker for IMT, and approximately 50% of IMT patients have anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene rearrangements. Reports of the female genital tract are rare. PATIENT CONCERNS Two patients (a 32-year-old multigravida and a 22-year-old nullipara) visited our clinic because of abnormal uterine bleeding and a uterine mass. DIAGNOSES Histopathological examination, immunohistochemical markers, and fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed the presence of a rare uterine IMT. INTERVENTIONS The masses were completely resected via hysteroscopy. The multigravida recurred rapidly in terms of symptoms and images, whereas the nullipara was complaint-free during the follow-up period. Finally, the multigravida underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomies. OUTCOMES AND LESSONS Uterine IMTs can be easily overlooked because of their extremely low incidence rate and insufficient awareness among clinicians; however, uterine IMTs need to be considered in the differential diagnosis of uterine masses. Possible differences in the biological behavior of IMT may exist in different individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guanlin Dai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Danqing Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Jabbari S, Salari B, He M, Dehner LP. Infantile Fibrosarcoma and Other Spindle Cell Neoplasms of Infancy. A Review of Morphologically Overlapping yet Molecularly Distinctive Entities. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2022; 41:996-1014. [PMID: 35044292 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2021.2024631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regardless of age at presentation, many soft tissue neoplasms have overlapping histopathologic and immunophenotypic features to serve as a diagnostic challenge. CASE REPORT We reported a case of a spindle cell neoplasm in an infant, which was initially considered a vascular anomaly clinically and an eventual biopsy revealed marked inflammation with a spindle cell component that was resolved as an infantile fibrosarcoma with an ETV6 break-apart. CONCLUSION The context of this case lead to a further consideration of various other spindle cell neoplasms arising predominantly in the soft tissues during the infancy period as defined by the first two years of age. Though sharing similar morphologic features, these tumors can be categorized into several molecular genetic groups, which have provided both diagnostic and pathogenetic insights as well as treatment options in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Jabbari
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Behzad Salari
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Mai He
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA.,St. Louis Children's Hospitals, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Louis P Dehner
- Lauren V. Ackerman Laboratory of Surgical Pathology, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA.,St. Louis Children's Hospitals, Washington University Medical Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
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