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Chaichian S, Khodabandehloo F, Haghighi L, Govahi A, Mehdizadeh M, Ajdary M, Varma RS. Toxicological Impact of Bisphenol A on Females' Reproductive System: Review Based on Experimental and Epidemiological Studies. Reprod Sci 2024:10.1007/s43032-024-01521-y. [PMID: 38532232 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-024-01521-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The study encompassing research papers documented in the last two decades pertaining to the possible influence of bisphenol A (BPA) on the fertility of females are appraised with emphasis on the influence of BPA in reproductive organs (uterus and ovaries) and pregnancy outcomes including discussion on the reproductive process (implantation, estrous cycle, hormone secretion); outcomes reveal a connection amongst BPA and female infertility. Ovary, uterus, and its shape as well as function can alter a person's ability to become pregnant by influencing the hypothalamus-pituitary axis in the ovarian model. Additionally, implantation and the estrous cycle may be affected by BPA. However, more research is warranted to comprehend the underlying action mechanisms and to promptly identify any imminent reproductive harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Chaichian
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Khodabandehloo
- Department of Genetics and Advanced Medical Technology, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Haghighi
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Govahi
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Reproductive Sciences and Technology Research Center, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Ajdary
- Endometriosis Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry, Department of Chemistry Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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2
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Howdeshell KL, Beverly BEJ, Blain RB, Goldstone AE, Hartman PA, Lemeris CR, Newbold RR, Rooney AA, Bucher JR. Evaluating endocrine disrupting chemicals: A perspective on the novel assessments in CLARITY-BPA. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:1345-1397. [PMID: 37646438 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on Bisphenol A Toxicity (CLARITY-BPA) was a collaborative research effort to better link academic research with governmental guideline studies. This review explores the secondary goal of CLARITY-BPA: to identify endpoints or technologies from CLARITY-BPA and prior/concurrent literature from these laboratories that may enhance the capacity of rodent toxicity studies to detect endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted with search terms for BPA and the CLARITY-BPA participants. Relevant studies employed a laboratory rodent model and reported results on 1 of the 10 organs/organ systems evaluated in CLARITY-BPA (brain and behavior, cardiac, immune, mammary gland, ovary, penile function, prostate gland and urethra, testis and epididymis, thyroid hormone and metabolism, and uterus). Study design and findings were summarized, and a risk-of-bias assessment was conducted. RESULTS Several endpoints and methods were identified as potentially helpful to detect effects of EDCs. For example, molecular and quantitative morphological approaches were sensitive in detecting alterations in early postnatal development of the brain, ovary, and mammary glands. Hormone challenge studies mimicking human aging reported increased susceptibility of the prostate to disease following developmental BPA exposure. Statistical analyses for nonmonotonic dose responses, and computational approaches assessing multiple treatment-related outcomes concurrently in linked hormone-sensitive organ systems, reported effects at low BPA doses. CONCLUSIONS This review provided an opportunity to evaluate the unique insights provided by nontraditional assessments in CLARITY-BPA to identify technologies and endpoints to enhance detection of EDCs in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kembra L Howdeshell
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Brandiese E J Beverly
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Retha R Newbold
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- NIEHS, retired, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States
| | - Andrew A Rooney
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - John R Bucher
- Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- NIEHS, retired, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States
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3
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Drzewiecki CM, Brinks AS, Sellinger EP, Doshi AD, Koh JY, Juraska JM. Brief postnatal exposure to bisphenol A affects apoptosis and gene expression in the medial prefrontal cortex and social behavior in rats with sex specificity. Neurotoxicology 2023; 94:126-134. [PMID: 36442689 PMCID: PMC9839503 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor found in polycarbonate plastics and exposure in humans is nearly ubiquitous and it has widespread effects on cognitive, emotional, and reproductive behaviors in both humans and animal models. In our laboratory we previously found that perinatal BPA exposure results in a higher number of neurons in the adult male rat prefrontal cortex (PFC) and less play in adolescents of both sexes. Here we examine changes in the rate of postnatal apoptosis in the rat prefrontal cortex and its timing with brief BPA exposure. Because an increased number of neurons in the PFC is a characteristic of a subtype of autism spectrum disorder, we tested social preference following brief BPA exposure and also expression of a small group of genes. Males and females were exposed to BPA from postnatal days (P) 6 through 8 or from P10 through 12. Both exposures significantly decreased indicators of cell death in the developing medial prefrontal cortex in male subjects only. Additionally, males exposed to BPA from P6 - 8 showed decreased social preference and decreased cortical expression of Shank3 and Homer1, two synaptic scaffolding genes that have been implicated in social deficits. There were no significant effects of BPA in the female subjects. These results draw attention to the negative consequences following brief exposure to BPA during early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly M Drzewiecki
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; Currently at California National Primate Research Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Amara S Brinks
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Elli P Sellinger
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Aditi D Doshi
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 603 E Daniel St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA; Currently at Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1007W Harrison St, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Jessie Y Koh
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 603 E Daniel St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA
| | - Janice M Juraska
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 603 E Daniel St, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA.
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Karim S, Hao R, Pinto C, Gustafsson JÅ, Grimaldi M, Balaguer P, Bondesson M. Bisphenol A analogues induce a feed-forward estrogenic response in zebrafish. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 455:116263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
The period of brain sexual differentiation is characterized by the development of hormone-sensitive neural circuits that govern the subsequent presentation of sexually dimorphic behavior in adulthood. Perturbations of hormones by endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during this developmental period interfere with an organism's endocrine function and can disrupt the normative organization of male- or female-typical neural circuitry. This is well characterized for reproductive and social behaviors and their underlying circuitry in the hypothalamus and other limbic regions of the brain; however, cognitive behaviors are also sexually dimorphic, with their underlying neural circuitry potentially vulnerable to EDC exposure during critical periods of brain development. This review provides recent evidence for sex-specific changes to the brain's monoaminergic systems (dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine) after developmental EDC exposure and relates these outcomes to sex differences in cognition such as affective, attentional, and learning/memory behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Hilz
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA
| | - Andrea C Gore
- Correspondence: Andrea C. Gore, PhD, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, 107 W Dean Keeton St, Box C0875, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
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Schrott R, Modliszewski JL, Hawkey AB, Grenier C, Holloway Z, Evans J, Pippen E, Corcoran DL, Levin ED, Murphy SK. Sperm DNA methylation alterations from cannabis extract exposure are evident in offspring. Epigenetics Chromatin 2022; 15. [PMID: 36085240 PMCID: PMC9463823 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-022-00466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cannabis legalization is expanding and men are the predominant users. We have limited knowledge about how cannabis impacts sperm and whether the effects are heritable.
Results
Whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) data were generated for sperm of rats exposed to: (1) cannabis extract (CE) for 28 days, then 56 days of vehicle only (~ one spermatogenic cycle); (2) vehicle for 56 days, then 28 days of CE; or (3) vehicle only. Males were then mated with drug-naïve females to produce F1 offspring from which heart, brain, and sperm tissues underwent analyses. There were 3321 nominally significant differentially methylated CpGs in F0 sperm identified via WGBS with select methylation changes validated via bisulfite pyrosequencing. Significant methylation changes validated in F0 sperm of the exposed males at the gene 2-Phosphoxylose Phosphatase 1 (Pxylp1) were also detectable in their F1 sperm but not in controls. Changes validated in exposed F0 sperm at Metastasis Suppressor 1-Like Protein (Mtss1l) were also present in F1 hippocampal and nucleus accumbens (NAc) of the exposed group compared to controls. For Mtss1l, a significant sex-specific relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression was demonstrated in the F1 NAc. Phenotypically, rats born to CSE-exposed fathers exhibited significant cardiomegaly relative to those born to control fathers.
Conclusions
This is the first characterization of the effect of cannabis exposure on the entirety of the rat sperm methylome. We identified CE-associated methylation changes across the sperm methylome, some of which persisted despite a “washout” period. Select methylation changes validated via bisulfite pyrosequencing, and genes associated with methylation changes were involved in early developmental processes. Preconception CE exposure is associated with detectable changes in offspring DNA methylation that are functionally related to changes in gene expression and cardiomegaly.
These results support that paternal preconception exposure to cannabis can influence offspring outcomes.
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Nuñez P, Arguelles J, Perillan C. Sex-specific influence of maternal exposure to bisphenol A on sodium and fluid balance in response to dipsogenic challenges in rats. Appetite 2022; 176:106091. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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8
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Dufford AJ, Spann M, Scheinost D. How prenatal exposures shape the infant brain: Insights from infant neuroimaging studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:47-58. [PMID: 34536461 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Brain development during the prenatal period is rapid and unparalleled by any other time during development. Biological systems undergoing rapid development are at higher risk for disorganizing influences. Therefore, certain prenatal exposures impact brain development, increasing risk for negative neurodevelopmental outcome. While prenatal exposures have been associated with cognitive and behavioral outcomes later in life, the underlying macroscopic brain pathways remain unclear. Here, we review magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies investigating the association between prenatal exposures and infant brain development focusing on prenatal exposures via maternal physical health factors, maternal mental health factors, and maternal drug and medication use. Further, we discuss the need for studies to consider multiple prenatal exposures in parallel and suggest future directions for this body of research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marisa Spann
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, 622 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Dustin Scheinost
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, USA; Department of Statistics and Data Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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9
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Abstract
Early life exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is considered a potential risk factor for aberrant brain development and the emergence of behavioral deficits. The purpose of this review is to summarize the toxic effects of bisphenol-A (BPA) and phthalate exposure during pre-, -post- or perinatal life on different types of behaviour in male and female rodents. Despite results not being always consistent, most probably due to methodological issues, it is highly probable that early life exposure to BPA or/and phthalates, affects various aspects of behaviour in the offspring. Adverse effects include: Increased levels of anxiety, altered exploratory behaviour, reduced social interaction or increased aggression and deficits in spatial or recognition learning and memory. These effects have been observed with a wide range of doses, in some cases even below the currently employed Tolerable Daily Intake dose for either BPA or phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Bakoyiannis
- Biology-Biochemistry Lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Efthymia Kitraki
- Basic Sciences Lab, Faculty of Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Antonios Stamatakis
- Biology-Biochemistry Lab, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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10
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Abstract
Hundreds of anthropogenic chemicals occupy our bodies, a situation that threatens the health of present and future generations. This chapter focuses on endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), both naturally occurring and man-made, that affect the neuroendocrine system to adversely impact health, with an emphasis on reproductive and metabolic pathways. The neuroendocrine system is highly sexually dimorphic and essential for maintaining homeostasis and appropriately responding to the environment. Comprising both neural and endocrine components, the neuroendocrine system is hormone sensitive throughout life and touches every organ system in the body. The integrative nature of the neuroendocrine system means that EDCs can have multi-system effects. Additionally, because gonadal hormones are essential for the sex-specific organization of numerous neuroendocrine pathways, endocrine disruption of this programming can lead to permanent deficits. Included in this review is a brief history of the neuroendocrine disruption field and a thorough discussion of the most common and less well understood neuroendocrine disruption modes of action. Also provided are extensive examples of how EDCs are likely contributing to neuroendocrine disorders such as obesity, and evidence that they have the potential for multi-generational effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather B Patisaul
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
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11
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Abstract
In the three decades since endocrine disruption was conceptualized at the Wingspread Conference, we have witnessed the growth of this multidisciplinary field and the accumulation of evidence showing the deleterious health effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. It is only within the past decade that, albeit slowly, some changes regarding regulatory measures have taken place. In this Perspective, we address some historical points regarding the advent of the endocrine disruption field and the conceptual changes that endocrine disruption brought about. We also provide our personal recollection of the events triggered by our serendipitous discovery of oestrogenic activity in plastic, a founder event in the field of endocrine disruption. This recollection ends with the CLARITY study as an example of a discordance between 'science for its own sake' and 'regulatory science' and leads us to offer a perspective that could be summarized by the motto attributed to Ludwig Boltzmann: "Nothing is more practical than a good theory".
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Soto
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Cheryl M Schaeberle
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carlos Sonnenschein
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Minatoya M, Kishi R. A Review of Recent Studies on Bisphenol A and Phthalate Exposures and Child Neurodevelopment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18073585. [PMID: 33808331 PMCID: PMC8036555 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of Review: Bisphenol A and phthalate have been found in the environment, as well as in humans. In this narrative review pre- and postnatal bisphenol A and phthalate exposures, their relationship to neurodevelopment, and the behavioral outcomes of children are elucidated, focusing in particular on the recent case-control, cross-sectional, and longitudinal studies. This review also introduces some of the possible mechanisms behind the observed associations between exposures and outcomes. Recent Findings: Although bisphenol A and phthalate exposure have been reported to influence neurobehavioral development in children, there are various kinds of test batteries for child neurodevelopmental assessment at different ages whose findings have been inconsistent among studies. In addition, the timing and number of exposure assessments have varied. Summary: Overall, this review suggests that prenatal exposure to bisphenol A and phthalates may contribute to neurobehavioral outcomes in children. The evidence is still limited; however, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms, especially among boys, constantly suggested association with both prenatal and concurrent exposure to bisphenol A. Although there is limited evidence on the adverse effects of prenatal and postnatal bisphenol A and phthalate exposures provided, pregnant women and young children should be protected from exposure based on a precautionary approach.
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13
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Abstract
In 1997, the first in vivo bisphenol A (BPA) study by endocrinologists reported that feeding BPA to pregnant mice induced adverse reproductive effects in male offspring at the low dose of 2 µg/kg/day. Since then, thousands of studies have reported adverse effects in animals administered low doses of BPA. Despite more than 100 epidemiological studies suggesting associations between BPA and disease/dysfunction also reported in animal studies, regulatory agencies continue to assert that BPA exposures are safe. To address this disagreement, the CLARITY-BPA study was designed to evaluate traditional endpoints of toxicity and modern hypothesis-driven, disease-relevant outcomes in the same set of animals. A wide range of adverse effects was reported in both the toxicity and the mechanistic endpoints at the lowest dose tested (2.5 µg/kg/day), leading independent experts to call for the lowest observed adverse effect level (LOAEL) to be dropped 20 000-fold from the current outdated LOAEL of 50 000 µg/kg/day. Despite criticism by members of the Endocrine Society that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s assumptions violate basic principles of endocrinology, the FDA rejected all low-dose data as not biologically plausible. Their decisions rely on 4 incorrect assumptions: dose responses must be monotonic, there exists a threshold below which there are no effects, both sexes must respond similarly, and only toxicological guideline studies are valid. This review details more than 20 years of BPA studies and addresses the divide that exists between regulatory approaches and endocrine science. Ultimately, CLARITY-BPA has shed light on why traditional methods of evaluating toxicity are insufficient to evaluate endocrine disrupting chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick S vom Saal
- University of Missouri – Columbia, Division of Biological Sciences, Columbia, Missouri
- Correspondence: Dr. Frederick vom Saal, University of Missouri-Columbia, Division of Biological Sciences, 105 Lefevre Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. E-mail:
| | - Laura N Vandenberg
- University of Massachusetts – Amherst, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Amherst, Massachusetts
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14
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Win-Shwe TT, Yanagisawa R, Koike E, Takano H. Dietary exposure to bisphenol A affects memory function and neuroimmune biomarkers in allergic asthmatic mice. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 41:1527-1536. [PMID: 33474794 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a raw material of polycarbonate and epoxy resin. It is used for various household electrical appliances, electronic equipment, office automation equipment, medical equipment, mobile phones, paints for automobiles, internal surface coating of cans, and adhesives for civil engineering and construction. BPA is a well-known endocrine-disrupting chemical, and it was reported that BPA has an adverse effect on the nervous and immune systems. However, BPA-induced memory impairment and changes in neuroimmune biomarkers in the allergic asthmatic subject are not known yet. We aim to investigate the dietary exposure effect of BPA on brain function and biomarkers using allergic an asthmatic mouse model. Five-week-old male C3H/HeJSlc mice were fed two doses of BPA [0.901, 9.01 μg/kg/day] contained chow diet from 5 to 11 weeks old and ovalbumin (OVA) was given by intratracheal instillation every 2 weeks. Memory function was determined by a novel object recognition test. Genes related to memory and immune markers in the hippocampus were investigated with the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. In this study, impaired novel object recognition occurred in BPA-exposed mice in the presence of an allergen. Moreover, upregulation of expression level of neuroimmune biomarkers such as N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, tumor necrosis factor-α, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1, cyclooxygenase-2, and heme oxygenase-1 in the hippocampus was observed in BPA-exposed allergic asthmatic mice. These findings show that BPA exposure can induce neuroinflammation and which triggers impairment of memory function in mice with allergic asthma. Our study indicated that dietary exposure to BPA may affect higher brain functions by modulating neuroimmune biomarkers in allergic asthmatic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Tin Win-Shwe
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Rie Yanagisawa
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Eiko Koike
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Wang Z, Alderman MH, Asgari C, Taylor HS. Fetal Bisphenol-A Induced Changes in Murine Behavior and Brain Gene Expression Persisted in Adult-aged Offspring. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5905560. [PMID: 32926169 PMCID: PMC7609133 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqaa164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In utero Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure has been linked to many deficits during brain development, including sexual differentiation, behavior, and motor coordination. Yet, how BPA induces these disorders and whether its effects are long lasting are largely unknown. In this study, using a mouse model, we demonstrated that in utero exposure to an environmentally relevant dose of BPA induced locomotor deficits, anxiety-like behavior, and declarative memory impairments that persisted into old age (18 months). Compared to the control animals, the BPA-exposed mice had a significant decrease in locomotor activity, exploratory tendencies, and long-term memory, and an increase in anxiety. The global brain gene expression profile was altered permanently by BPA treatment and showed regional and sexual differences. The BPA-treated male mice had more changes in the hippocampus, while female mice experienced more changes in the cortex. Overall, we demonstrate that in utero exposure to BPA induces permanent changes in brain gene expression in a region-specific and sex-specific manner, including a significant decrease in locomotor activity, learning ability, long-term memory, and an increase in anxiety. Fetal/early life exposures permanently affect neurobehavioral functions that deteriorate with age; BPA exposure may compound the effects of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Myles H Alderman
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Cyrus Asgari
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Hugh S Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Correspondence: Hugh S. Taylor, MD, Yale University School of Medicine, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, P.O. Box 208063, New Haven, CT 06520-8063, USA. E-mail:
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Palanza P, Paterlini S, Brambilla MM, Ramundo G, Caviola G, Gioiosa L, Parmigiani S, Vom Saal FS, Ponzi D. Sex-biased impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals on behavioral development and vulnerability to disease: Of mice and children. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 121:29-46. [PMID: 33248148 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sex is a fundamental biological characteristic that influences many aspects of an organism's phenotype, including neurobiological functions and behavior as a result of species-specific evolutionary pressures. Sex differences have strong implications for vulnerability to disease and susceptibility to environmental perturbations. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have the potential to interfere with sex hormones functioning and influence development in a sex specific manner. Here we present an updated descriptive review of findings from animal models and human studies regarding the current evidence for altered sex-differences in behavioral development in response to early exposure to EDCs, with a focus on bisphenol A and phthalates. Overall, we show that animal and human studies have a good degree of consistency and that there is strong evidence demonstrating that EDCs exposure during critical periods of development affect sex differences in emotional and cognitive behaviors. Results are more heterogeneous when social, sexual and parental behaviors are considered. In order to pinpoint sex differences in environmentally-driven disease vulnerabilities, researchers need to consider sex-biased developmental effects of EDCs.
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Komada M, Nagao T, Kagawa N. Prenatal and postnatal bisphenol A exposure inhibits postnatal neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. J Toxicol Sci 2020; 45:639-650. [PMID: 33012732 DOI: 10.2131/jts.45.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor with estrogenic effects, is widely used as a raw material for manufacturing polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to BPA affects brain morphogenesis. However, the effects of prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure on postnatal neurogenesis in mice are poorly understood. In this study, we developed a mouse model of prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure and analyzed its effects on hippocampal neurogenesis. The hippocampal dentate gyrus is vulnerable to chemical exposure, as neurogenesis continues in this region even after birth. Our results showed that in mice, prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure decreased the number of type-1, 2a, 2b, and 3 neural progenitor cells, as well as in granule cells, in the hippocampal dentate gyrus on postnatal days 16 and 70. The effect of prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure on neural progenitors were affected at all differentiation stages. In addition, prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure affects the maintenance of long-term memory on postnatal day 70. Our results suggest that neurodevelopmental toxicity due to prenatal and postnatal BPA exposure might affect postnatal morphogenesis and functional development of the hippocampal dentate gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nao Kagawa
- Department of Life Science, Kindai University
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Frankfurt M, Luine V, Bowman RE. A potential role for dendritic spines in bisphenol-A induced memory impairments during adolescence and adulthood. Vitam Horm 2020; 114:307-329. [PMID: 32723549 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Developmental exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disrupting chemical, alters many behaviors and neural parameters in rodents and non-human-primates. The effects of BPA are mediated via gonadal hormone, primarily, estrogen receptors, and are not limited to the perinatal period since recent studies show impairments further into development. The studies described in this chapter address the effects of BPA administration during early adolescence on memory and dendritic spine density in intact male and female rats as well as ovariectomized (OVX) rats in late adolescence and show that some of these adolescent induced changes endure into adulthood. In general, BPA impairs spatial memory and induces decreases in dendritic spine density in the hippocampus and the medial prefrontal cortex, two areas important for memory. The effects of adolescent BPA in intact females are compared to OVX females in an attempt to address the importance of estrogens in the mechanism(s) underlying the profound neuronal alterations occurring during adolescent development. In addition, potential mechanisms by which acute and chronic BPA induce structural alterations are discussed. These studies suggest a complex interaction between low doses of BPA, gonadal state and neural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Frankfurt
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, United States.
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Chinnasamy K, Poomani K. Intermolecular interactions and charge density distribution of endocrine-disrupting molecules (xenoestrogens) with ERα: QM/MM perspective. Struct Chem 2020; 31:1013-1028. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-019-01452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ponzi D, Gioiosa L, Parmigiani S, Palanza P. Effects of Prenatal Exposure to a Low-Dose of Bisphenol A on Sex Differences in Emotional Behavior and Central Alpha 2-Adrenergic Receptor Binding. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093269. [PMID: 32380724 PMCID: PMC7246441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) influences the development of sex differences neurologically and behaviorally across many species of vertebrates. These effects are a consequence of BPA’s estrogenic activity and its ability to act as an endocrine disrupter even, at very low doses. When exposure to BPA occurs during critical periods of development, it can interfere with the normal activity of sex steroids, impacting the fate of neurons, neural connectivity and the development of brain regions sensitive to steroid activity. Among the most sensitive behavioral targets of BPA action are behaviors that are characterized by a sexual dimorphism, especially emotion and anxiety related behaviors, such as the amount of time spent investigating a novel environment, locomotive activity and arousal. Moreover, in some species of rodents, BPA exposure affected males’ sexual behaviors. Interestingly, these behaviors are at least in part modulated by the catecholaminergic system, which has been reported to be a target of BPA action. In the present study we investigated the influence of prenatal exposure of mice to a very low single dose of BPA on emotional and sexual behaviors and on the density and binding characteristics of alpha2 adrenergic receptors. Alpha2 adrenergic receptors are widespread in the central nervous system and they can act as autoreceptors, inhibiting the release of noradrenaline and other neurotransmitters from presynaptic terminals. BPA exposure disrupted sex differences in behavioral responses to a novel environment, but did not affect male mice sexual behavior. Importantly, BPA exposure caused a change in the binding affinity of alpha2 adrenergic receptors in the locus coeruleus and medial preoptic area (mPOA) and it eliminated the sexual dimorphism in the density of the receptors in the mPOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ponzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy; (L.G.); (P.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0521904776
| | - Laura Gioiosa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy; (L.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Stefano Parmigiani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy;
| | - Paola Palanza
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy; (L.G.); (P.P.)
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Vandenberg LN, Prins GS, Patisaul HB, Zoeller RT. The Use and Misuse of Historical Controls in Regulatory Toxicology: Lessons from the CLARITY-BPA Study. Endocrinology 2020; 161:5613539. [PMID: 31690949 PMCID: PMC7182062 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqz014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For many endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) including Bisphenol A (BPA), animal studies show that environmentally relevant exposures cause harm; human studies are consistent with these findings. Yet, regulatory agencies charged with protecting public health continue to conclude that human exposures to these EDCs pose no risk. One reason for the disconnect between the scientific consensus on EDCs in the endocrinology community and the failure to act in the regulatory community is the dependence of the latter on so-called "guideline studies" to evaluate hazards, and the inability to incorporate independent scientific studies in risk assessment. The Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on Toxicity (CLARITY) study was intended to bridge this gap, combining a "guideline" study with independent hypothesis-driven studies designed to be more appropriate to evaluate EDCs. Here we examined an aspect of "guideline" studies, the use of so-called "historical controls," which are essentially control data borrowed from prior studies to aid in the interpretation of current findings. The US Food and Drug Administration authors used historical controls to question the plausibility of statistically significant BPA-related effects in the CLARITY study. We examined the use of historical controls on 5 outcomes in the CLARITY "guideline" study: mammary neoplasms, pituitary neoplasms, kidney nephropathy, prostate inflammation and adenomas, and body weight. Using US Food and Drug Administration-proposed historical control data, our evaluation revealed that endpoints used in "guideline" studies are not as reproducible as previously held. Combined with other data comparing the effects of ethinyl estradiol in 2 "guideline" studies including CLARITY-BPA, we conclude that near-exclusive reliance on "guideline" studies can result in scientifically invalid conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura N Vandenberg
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts–Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
- Correspondence: Laura N. Vandenberg, PhD, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts–Amherst, 171C Goessmann, 686 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003. E-mail:
| | - Gail S Prins
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine; Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Heather B Patisaul
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - R Thomas Zoeller
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts–Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
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Montévil M, Acevedo N, Schaeberle CM, Bharadwaj M, Fenton SE, Soto AM. A Combined Morphometric and Statistical Approach to Assess Nonmonotonicity in the Developing Mammary Gland of Rats in the CLARITY-BPA Study. Environ Health Perspect 2020; 128:57001. [PMID: 32438830 PMCID: PMC7263454 DOI: 10.1289/ehp6301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on Bisphenol-A (CLARITY-BPA) is a rare collaboration of guideline-compliant (core) studies and academic hypothesis-based studies to assess the effects of bisphenol A (BPA). OBJECTIVES We aimed to a) determine whether BPA showed effects on the developing rat mammary gland using new quantitative and established semiquantitative methods in two laboratories, b) develop a software tool for automatic evaluation of quantifiable aspects of the mammary ductal tree, and c) compare those methods. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to BPA, vehicle, or positive control [ethinyl estradiol (EE2)] by oral gavage beginning on gestational day (GD)6 and continuing with direct dosing of the pups after birth. There were two studies: subchronic and chronic. The latter used two exposure regimes, one stopping at postnatal day (PND)21 (stop-dose) the other continuing until tissue harvest (continuous). Glands were harvested at multiple time points; whole mounts and histological specimens were analyzed blinded to treatment. RESULTS The subchronic study's semiquantitative analysis revealed no significant differences between control and BPA dose groups at PND21, whereas at PND90 there were significant differences between control and the lowest BPA dose and between control and the lowest EE2 dose in animals in estrus. Quantitative, automatized analysis of the chronic PND21 specimens displayed nonmonotonic BPA effects, with a breaking point between the 25 and 250μg/kg body weight (BW) per day doses. This breaking point was confirmed by a global statistical analysis of chronic study animals at PND90 and 6 months analyzed by the quantitative method. The BPA response was different from the EE2 effect for many features. CONCLUSIONS Both the semiquantitative and the quantitative methods revealed nonmonotonic effects of BPA. The quantitative unsupervised analysis used 91 measurements and produced the most striking nonmonotonic dose-response curves. At all time points, lower doses resulted in larger effects, consistent with the core study, which revealed a significant increase of mammary adenocarcinoma incidence in the stop-dose animals at the lowest BPA dose tested. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6301.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maël Montévil
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicole Acevedo
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Cheryl M. Schaeberle
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston Massachusetts, USA
| | - Manushree Bharadwaj
- National Toxicology Program (NTP) Laboratory, Division of the NTP, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Suzanne E. Fenton
- National Toxicology Program (NTP) Laboratory, Division of the NTP, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ana M. Soto
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston Massachusetts, USA
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Wiersielis KR, Samuels BA, Roepke TA. Perinatal exposure to bisphenol A at the intersection of stress, anxiety, and depression. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2020; 79:106884. [PMID: 32289443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2020.106884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are common contaminants in our environment that interfere with typical endocrine function. EDCs can act on steroid and nuclear receptors or alter hormone production. One particular EDC of critical concern is bisphenol A (BPA) due to its potential harm during the perinatal period of development. Previous studies suggest that perinatal exposure to BPA alters several neurotransmitter systems and disrupts behaviors associated with depression and anxiety in the rodent offspring later in life. Thus, dysregulation in neurotransmission may translate to behavioral phenotypes observed in mood and arousal. Many of the systems disrupted by BPA also overlap with the stress system, although little evidence exists on the effects of perinatal BPA exposure in relation to stress and behavior. The purpose of this review is to explore studies involved in perinatal BPA exposure and the stress response at neurochemical and behavioral endpoints. Although more research is needed, we suggest that perinatal BPA exposure is likely inducing variations in behavioral phenotypes that modulate their action through dysregulation of neurotransmitter systems sensitive to stress and endocrine disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly R Wiersielis
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ. USA.
| | - Benjamin A Samuels
- Department of Psychology, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ. USA
| | - Troy A Roepke
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ. USA
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Xiao C, Wang L, Zhou Q, Huang X. Hazards of bisphenol A (BPA) exposure: A systematic review of plant toxicology studies. J Hazard Mater 2020; 384:121488. [PMID: 31699483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of bisphenol A (BPA) has led to its ubiquity in the natural environment. Thus, BPA is considered as a contaminant of emerging concern. Due to its widespread use, BPA has been detected in a range of soils and surface waters. This is of concern because BPA has been shown to elicit slight to moderate toxicity to plants. Based on current research and our own work, this paper reviews the toxic effects of BPA on plant growth and development, including effects at the macroscopic (e.g. seed germination, root, stem, and leaf growth) and microscopic (photosynthesis, uptake of mineral nutrient, hormone secretion, antioxidant systems, and reproductive genetic behavior) levels. Furthermore, this paper will discuss effects of BPA exposure on metabolic reactions in exposed plant species, and explore the use of high-efficiency plants in BPA pollution control (e.g. phytoremediation). Finally, this paper proposes some ideas for the future of BPA phytotoxicity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Water Treatment Technology and Materials, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China.
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Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals are common in our environment and act on hormone systems and signaling pathways to alter physiological homeostasis. Gestational exposure can disrupt developmental programs, permanently altering tissues with impacts lasting into adulthood. The brain is a critical target for developmental endocrine disruption, resulting in altered neuroendocrine control of hormonal signaling, altered neurotransmitter control of nervous system function, and fundamental changes in behaviors such as learning, memory, and social interactions. Human cohort studies reveal correlations between maternal/fetal exposure to endocrine disruptors and incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we summarize the major literature findings of endocrine disruption of neurodevelopment and concomitant changes in behavior by four major endocrine disruptor classes:bisphenol A, polychlorinated biphenyls, organophosphates, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. We specifically review studies of gestational and/or lactational exposure to understand the effects of early life exposure to these compounds and summarize animal studies that help explain human correlative data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinushan Nesan
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada; , .,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Deborah M Kurrasch
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada; , .,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
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Win-Shwe TT, Yanagisawa R, Koike E, Takano H. Memory Function, Neurological, and Immunological Biomarkers in Allergic Asthmatic Mice Intratracheally Exposed to Bisphenol A. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16193770. [PMID: 31597243 PMCID: PMC6801617 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a major constituent of plastic products, including epoxy resin containers, mobile phones, dental sealants, as well as electronic and medical equipment. BPA is recognized as an endocrine system-disrupting chemical which has toxic effects on the brain and reproductive system. However, little is known about the effects of co-exposure of BPA with allergens on the memory function and neurological as well as immunological biomarker levels. In this study, we examined the effects of intratracheal instillation of BPA on the memory function and neuroimmune biomarker levels using a mouse model of allergic asthma. Male C3H/HeJ Jcl mice were given three doses of BPA (0.0625 pmol, 1.25 pmol, and 25 pmol BPA/animal) intratracheally once a week, and ovalbumin (OVA) intratracheally every other week from 5 to 11 weeks old. At 11 weeks of age, a novel object recognition test was conducted after the final administration of OVA, and the hippocampi and hypothalami of the animals were collected after 24 h. The expression levels of the memory function-related genes N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits, inflammatory cytokines, microglia markers, estrogen receptor-alpha, and oxytocin receptor were examined by real-time RT-PCR (real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) and immunohistochemical methods. Impairment of the novel object recognition ability was observed in the high-dose BPA-exposed mice with allergic asthma. In addition, the allergic asthmatic mice also showed downregulation of neurological biomarkers, such as NMDA receptor subunit NR2B in the hippocampus but no significant effect on immunological biomarkers in the hypothalamus. These findings suggest that exposure to high-dose BPA triggered impairment of memory function in the allergic asthmatic mice. This is the first study to show that, in the presence of allergens, exposure to high-dose BPA may affect memory by modulating the memory function-related genes in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin-Tin Win-Shwe
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Rie Yanagisawa
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Eiko Koike
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Hirohisa Takano
- Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8540, Japan.
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Rodríguez-Carrillo A, Mustieles V, Pérez-Lobato R, Molina-Molina JM, Reina-Pérez I, Vela-Soria F, Rubio S, Olea N, Fernández MF. Bisphenol A and cognitive function in school-age boys: Is BPA predominantly related to behavior? Neurotoxicology 2019; 74:162-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Pinto C, Hao R, Grimaldi M, Thrikawala S, Boulahtouf A, Aït-Aïssa S, Brion F, Gustafsson JÅ, Balaguer P, Bondesson M. Differential activity of BPA, BPAF and BPC on zebrafish estrogen receptors in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 380:114709. [PMID: 31415773 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.114709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The high volume production compound bisphenol A (BPA) is of environmental concern largely because of its estrogenic activity. Consequently, BPA analogues have been synthesized to be considered as replacement molecules for BPA. These analogues need to be thoroughly evaluated for their estrogenic activity. Here, we combined mechanism zebrafish-based assays to examine estrogenic and anti-estrogenic activities of BPA and two of its analogues, bisphenol AF (BPAF) and bisphenol C (BPC) in vitro and in vivo. In vitro reporter cell lines were used to investigate agonistic and antagonistic effects of the three bisphenols on the three zebrafish estrogen receptors. The transgenic Tg(5 × ERE:GFP) and Cyp19a1b-GFP zebrafish lines were then used to analyze estrogenic and anti-estrogenic responses of the three bisphenols in vivo. BPA, BPAF and BPC were agonists with different potencies for the three zebrafish estrogen receptors in vitro. The potent zfERα-mediated activity of BPA and BPAF in vitro resulted in vivo by activation of GFP expression in zebrafish larvae in the heart (zfERα-dependent) at lower concentrations, and in the liver (zfERβ-dependent) at higher concentrations. BPC induced zfERβ-mediated luciferase expression in vitro, and the zfERβ agonism led to activation of GFP expression in the liver and the brain in vivo. In addition, BPC acted as a full antagonist on zfERα, and completely inhibited estrogen-induced GFP expression in the heart of the zebrafish larvae. To summarize, applying a combination of zebrafish-based in vitro and in vivo methods to evaluate bisphenol analogues for estrogenic activity will facilitate the prioritization of these chemicals for further analysis in higher vertebrates as well as the risk assessment in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Pinto
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Ruixin Hao
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Marina Grimaldi
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Savini Thrikawala
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Abdelhay Boulahtouf
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
| | - Selim Aït-Aïssa
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - François Brion
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des risques (INERIS), Unité Ecotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Center for Nuclear Receptors and Cell Signaling, Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA; Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Patrick Balaguer
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Institut régional du Cancer de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34298 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
| | - Maria Bondesson
- Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47408, USA
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John N, Rehman H, Razak S, David M, Ullah W, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Alam I, Jahan S. Comparative study of environmental pollutants bisphenol A and bisphenol S on sexual differentiation of anteroventral periventricular nucleus and spermatogenesis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2019; 17:53. [PMID: 31292004 PMCID: PMC6621953 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-019-0491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A is well known endocrine-disrupting chemical while Bisphenol S was considered a safe alternative. The present study aims to examine the comparative effects of xenobiotic bisphenol-A (BPA) and its substitute bisphenol-S (BPS) on spermatogenesis and development of sexually dimorphic nucleus population of dopaminergic neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) of the hypothalamus in male pups. METHODS Sprague Dawley rat's pups were administered subcutaneously at the neonatal stage from postnatal day PND1 to PND 27. Thirty animals were divided into six experimental groups (6 animals/group). The first group served as control and was provided with normal olive oil. The four groups were treated with 2 μg/kg and 200 μg/kg of BPA and BPS, respectively. The sixth group was given with 50 μg/kg of estradiol dissolved in olive oil as a standard to find the development of dopaminergic tyrosine hydroxylase neurons in AVPV regions. Histological analysis for testicular tissues and immunohistochemistry for brain tissues was performed. RESULTS The results revealed adverse histopathological changes in testis after administration of different doses of BPA and BPS. These degenerative changes were marked by highly significant (p < 0.001) decrease in tubular and luminal diameters of seminiferous tubule and epithelial height among bisphenols treated groups as compared to control. Furthermore, significantly increased (p < 0.001) TH-ir cell bodies in the AVPV region of the brain with 200 μg/kg dose of BPA and BPS was evident. CONCLUSION It is concluded that exposure of BPA and BPS during a critical developmental period can structural impairments in testes and affects sexual differentiation of a dimorphic dopaminergic population of AVPV region of hypothalamus in the male brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naham John
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
| | - Humaira Rehman
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
| | - Suhail Razak
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
- 0000 0004 1773 5396grid.56302.32Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehwish David
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
| | - Waheed Ullah
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- 0000 0004 1773 5396grid.56302.32Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- 0000 0004 1773 5396grid.56302.32Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar Alam
- 0000 0004 1773 5396grid.56302.32Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- 0000 0001 2215 1297grid.412621.2Reproductive Physiology Lab, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid- i- Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45320 Pakistan
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Gore AC, Krishnan K, Reilly MP. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals: Effects on neuroendocrine systems and the neurobiology of social behavior. Horm Behav 2019; 111:7-22. [PMID: 30476496 PMCID: PMC6527472 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A contribution to SBN/ICN special issue. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are pervasive in the environment. They are found in plastics and plasticizers (bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates), in industrial chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and include some pesticides and fungicides such as vinclozolin. These chemicals act on hormone receptors and their downstream signaling pathways, and can interfere with hormone synthesis, metabolism, and actions. Because the developing brain is particularly sensitive to endogenous hormones, disruptions by EDCs can change neural circuits that form during periods of brain organization. Here, we review the evidence that EDCs affect developing hypothalamic neuroendocrine systems, and change behavioral outcomes in juvenile, adolescent, and adult life in exposed individuals, and even in their descendants. Our focus is on social, communicative and sociosexual behaviors, as how an individual behaves with a same- or opposite-sex conspecific determines that individual's ability to exist in a community, be selected as a mate, and reproduce successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Krittika Krishnan
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Michael P Reilly
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW With the incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders on the rise, it is imperative to identify and understand the mechanisms by which environmental contaminants can impact the developing brain and heighten risk. Here, we report on recent findings regarding novel mechanisms of developmental neurotoxicity and highlight chemicals of concern, beyond traditionally defined neurotoxicants. RECENT FINDINGS The perinatal window represents a critical and extremely vulnerable period of time during which chemical insult can alter the morphological and functional trajectory of the developing brain. Numerous chemical classes have been associated with alterations in neurodevelopment including metals, solvents, pesticides, and, more recently, endocrine-disrupting compounds. Although mechanisms of neurotoxicity have traditionally been identified as pathways leading to neuronal cell death, neuropathology, or severe neural injury, recent research highlights alternative mechanisms that result in more subtle but consequential changes in the brain and behavior. These emerging areas of interest include neuroendocrine and immune disruption, as well as indirect toxicity via actions on other organs such as the gut and placenta. Understanding of the myriad ways in which the developing brain is vulnerable to chemical exposures has grown tremendously over the past decade. Further progress and implementation in risk assessment is critical to reducing risk of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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vonderEmbse AN, DeWitt JC. Developmental Immunotoxicity (DIT) Testing: Current Recommendations and the Future of DIT Testing. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1803:47-56. [PMID: 29882132 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8549-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Immune-based childhood diseases and conditions, including allergic diseases and asthma, recurrent otitis media, pediatric celiac disease, and type 1 diabetes have been on the rise over the past decades. As a result, the use of developmental immunotoxicity (DIT) testing to identify potential environmental risk factors contributing to these and other diseases has become a priority for scientists across sectors. This chapter serves to provide insight into the scientific basis for DIT and determining the necessity of DIT testing and offers recommendations for DIT testing parameters to optimize sensitivity, power, and concordance among DIT assays.
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Wise LM, Hernández-Saavedra D, Boas SM, Pan YX, Juraska JM. Perinatal High-Fat Diet and Bisphenol A: Effects on Behavior and Gene Expression in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex. Dev Neurosci 2018; 41:1-16. [PMID: 30580332 PMCID: PMC6941347 DOI: 10.1159/000494879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Both high-fat diets (HFD) and bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental endocrine disruptor, are prevalent in industrialized societies. Previous studies have detected separate effects of BPA and HFD; however, none have assessed possible interactive effects. Here, pregnant dams consumed 0, 40, or 400 µg BPA/kg/day and were fed either a control (CON; 15.8% kcal fat) or HFD (45% kcal fat) from gestational day 2 through parturition. The pups were individually dosed with BPA from postnatal days (P) 1-10, while the dams continued to consume one of the two diets. Maternal behavior increased with the HFD while the offspring's periadolescent social play decreased with BPA, but no interactive effects were observed. Neither HFD nor BPA exposure changed performance on a social recognition task, and only BPA had an effect on the elevated plus maze. BPA increased several cytokines in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of P10 males but not females. Expression of several genes related to hormone synthesis and receptors, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the mPFC on P10 and P90 were altered due to BPA and/or HFD exposure with rare interactive effects. BPA resulted in an increase in the gene expression of Esr1 in the mPFC of females on both P10 and P90. Epigenetic analysis on P90 did not show a change in methylation or in the levels of pre-mRNA or microRNA. Thus, perinatal BPA and HFD have separate effects but rarely interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie M. Wise
- Department of Psychology, 603 E Daniel St, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA 61820
| | - Diego Hernández-Saavedra
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, 906 S Goodwin Ave, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA, 61801
| | - Stephanie M. Boas
- Department of Psychology, 603 E Daniel St, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA 61820
| | - Yuan-Xiang Pan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, 906 S Goodwin Ave, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA, 61801
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, 906 S Goodwin Ave, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA, 61801
- Illinois Informatics Institute, 906 S Goodwin Ave, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA, 61801
| | - Janice M. Juraska
- Department of Psychology, 603 E Daniel St, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA 61820
- Neuroscience Program, 603 E Daniel St, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA 61820
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Mhaouty-Kodja S, Belzunces LP, Canivenc MC, Schroeder H, Chevrier C, Pasquier E. Impairment of learning and memory performances induced by BPA: Evidences from the literature of a MoA mediated through an ED. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 475:54-73. [PMID: 29605460 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many rodent studies and a few non-human primate data report impairments of spatial and non-spatial memory induced by exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), which are associated with neural modifications, particularly in processes involved in synaptic plasticity. BPA-induced alterations involve disruption of the estrogenic pathway as established by reversal of BPA-induced effects with estrogenic receptor antagonist or by interference of BPA with administered estradiol in ovariectomized animals. Sex differences in hormonal impregnation during critical periods of development and their influence on maturation of learning and memory processes may explain the sexual dimorphism observed in BPA-induced effects in some studies. Altogether, these data highly support the plausibility that alteration of learning and memory and synaptic plasticity by BPA is essentially mediated by disturbance of the estrogenic pathways. As memory function in humans involves similar signaling pathways, this mode of action of BPA has the potential to alter human cognitive abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakina Mhaouty-Kodja
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, CNRS, Neuroscience Paris Seine, Institut de Biologie Paris Seine, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luc P Belzunces
- INRA, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, UR 406 A&E, CS 40509, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - Marie-Chantal Canivenc
- Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, INRA, CNRS, agrosup, Université de Bourgogne, Franche-Comté, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Henri Schroeder
- Calbinotox, EA7488, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de Lorraine, 54500, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - Cécile Chevrier
- Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail) - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
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Cho J, Kim AH, Lee S, Lee Y, Lee WJ, Chang S, Lee J. Sensitive neurotoxicity assessment of bisphenol A using double immunocytochemistry of DCX and MAP2. Arch Pharm Res 2018; 41:1098-107. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-1077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Aiba T, Saito T, Hayashi A, Sato S, Yunokawa H, Maruyama T, Fujibuchi W, Ohsako S. Does the prenatal bisphenol A exposure alter DNA methylation levels in the mouse hippocampus?: An analysis using a high-sensitivity methylome technique. Genes Environ 2018; 40:12. [PMID: 29881475 PMCID: PMC5985587 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-018-0099-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is still considerable debate about the effects of exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) an endocrine disrupter at low doses. Recently, many studies using animal models have shown that prenatal BPA exposure induces behavioral and neuronal disorders due to epigenetic changes in the brain. However, striking evidence of epigenomic changes has to be shown. Methods To investigate whether low-dose BPA exposure in the fetal stage can alter CpG methylation levels in the central nervous system, the hippocampus of the inbred C57BL/6 J mouse as the target tissue was collected to detect alterations in CpG methylation levels using a highly sensitive method of genome-wide DNA methylation analysis, methylated site display-amplified fragment length polymorphism (MSD-AFLP). Results BPA showed the sex-hormone like effects on male reproductive organs. Although we examined the methylation levels of 43,840 CpG sites in the control and BPA (200 μg/kg/day)-treated group (6 mice per group), we found no statistically significant changes in methylation levels in any CpG sites. Conclusions At least under the experimental condition in this study, it is considered that the effect of low-dose BPA exposure during the fetal stage on hippocampal DNA methylation levels is extremely small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Aiba
- 1Laboratory of Environmental Health Science, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654 Japan.,2Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555 Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Saito
- 2Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555 Japan
| | - Akiko Hayashi
- 2Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555 Japan
| | - Shinji Sato
- Maze, Inc, 1-2-17 Sennincho, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, 193-0835 Japan
| | | | - Toru Maruyama
- 4Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Wataru Fujibuchi
- 4Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Seiichiroh Ohsako
- 1Laboratory of Environmental Health Science, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654 Japan
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Street ME, Angelini S, Bernasconi S, Burgio E, Cassio A, Catellani C, Cirillo F, Deodati A, Fabbrizi E, Fanos V, Gargano G, Grossi E, Iughetti L, Lazzeroni P, Mantovani A, Migliore L, Palanza P, Panzica G, Papini AM, Parmigiani S, Predieri B, Sartori C, Tridenti G, Amarri S. Current Knowledge on Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) from Animal Biology to Humans, from Pregnancy to Adulthood: Highlights from a National Italian Meeting. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1647. [PMID: 29865233 PMCID: PMC6032228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Wildlife has often presented and suggested the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Animal studies have given us an important opportunity to understand the mechanisms of action of many chemicals on the endocrine system and on neurodevelopment and behaviour, and to evaluate the effects of doses, time and duration of exposure. Although results are sometimes conflicting because of confounding factors, epidemiological studies in humans suggest effects of EDCs on prenatal growth, thyroid function, glucose metabolism and obesity, puberty, fertility, and on carcinogenesis mainly through epigenetic mechanisms. This manuscript reviews the reports of a multidisciplinary national meeting on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabeth Street
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Sergio Bernasconi
- Former Department of Medicine, University of Parma, Via A. Catalani 10, 43123 Parma, Italy.
| | - Ernesto Burgio
- ECERI European Cancer and Environment Research Institute, Square de Meeus, 38-40, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Alessandra Cassio
- Pediatric Endocrinology Programme, Pediatrics Unit, Department of Woman, Child Health and Urologic Diseases, AOU S. Orsola-Malpighi, Via Massarenti, 11, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Catellani
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Francesca Cirillo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Deodati
- Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Tor Vergata University, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Enrica Fabbrizi
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Augusto Murri Hospital, Via Augusto Murri, 17, 63900 Fermo, Itlay.
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal Pathology and Neonatal Section, AOU and University of Cagliari, via Ospedale, 54, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Gargano
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Enzo Grossi
- Villa Santa Maria Institute, Neuropsychiatric Rehabilitation Center, Via IV Novembre 15, 22038 Tavernerio (Como), Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Iughetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatrics Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo, 71, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Pietro Lazzeroni
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Alberto Mantovani
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Food and Veterinary Toxicology Unit ISS⁻National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
| | - Lucia Migliore
- Department of Traslational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Via Roma, 55, 56123 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Paola Palanza
- Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Via Gramsci, 14, 43126 Parma, Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Panzica
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126 Turin, Italy.
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri-Ottolenghi (NICO), Regione Gonzole, 10, 10043 Orbassano (Turin), Italy.
| | - Anna Maria Papini
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia, 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
| | - Stefano Parmigiani
- Unit of Evolutionary and Functional Biology-Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability (SCVSA)-University of Parma⁻11/a, 43124 Parma, Italy.
| | - Barbara Predieri
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of the Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatrics Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via del Pozzo, 71, 41124 Modena, Italy.
| | - Chiara Sartori
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Gabriele Tridenti
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Sergio Amarri
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Paediatrics, Azienda USL-IRCCS, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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Acevedo N, Rubin BS, Schaeberle CM, Soto AM. Perinatal BPA exposure and reproductive axis function in CD-1 mice. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 79:39-46. [PMID: 29752986 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal Bisphenol-A (BPA) exposure reduces fertility and fecundity in mice. This study examined effects of early BPA exposure on activation of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in conjunction with a steroid-induced luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, characterized patterns of estrous cyclicity and fertility over time, and assessed the ovarian follicular reserve to further explore factors responsible for the reduced fertility we previously described in this model. The percent activated GnRH neurons was reduced in BPA-exposed females at 3-6 months, and periods of persistent proestrus were increased. These data suggest that perinatal exposure to BPA reduces GnRH neuronal activation required for the generation of the LH surge and estrous cyclicity. Assessments of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels failed to suggest a decline in the follicular reserve at the BPA exposure levels examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Acevedo
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA, USA
| | - Beverly S Rubin
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA, USA
| | - Cheryl M Schaeberle
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA, USA
| | - Ana M Soto
- Department of Integrative Physiology and Pathobiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02111, USA, USA.
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Abstract
Humans have disproportionately affected the habitat and survival of species through environmental contamination. Important among these anthropogenic influences is the proliferation of organic chemicals, some of which perturb hormone systems, the latter referred to as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). EDCs are widespread in the environment and affect all levels of reproduction, including development of reproductive organs, hormone release and regulation through the life cycle, the development of secondary sexual characteristics, and the maturation and maintenance of adult physiology and behavior. However, what is not well-known is how the confluence of EDC actions on the manifestation of morphological and behavioral sexual traits influences mate choice, a process that requires the reciprocal evaluation of and/or acceptance of a sexual partner. Moreover, the outcomes of EDC-induced perturbations are likely to influence sexual selection; yet this has rarely been directly tested. Here, we provide background on the development and manifestation of sexual traits, reproductive competence, and the neurobiology of sexual behavior, and evidence for their perturbation by EDCs. Selection acts on individuals, with the consequences manifest in populations, and we discuss the implications for EDC contamination of these processes, and the future of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Gore
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, USA.
| | - Amanda M Holley
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, USA; Department of Integrative Biology, College of Natural Sciences, USA
| | - David Crews
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Natural Sciences, USA.
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40
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Nesan D, Sewell LC, Kurrasch DM. Opening the black box of endocrine disruption of brain development: Lessons from the characterization of Bisphenol A. Horm Behav 2018; 101:50-58. [PMID: 29241697 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is among the best-studied endocrine disrupting chemicals, known to act via multiple steroid hormone receptors to mediate a myriad of cellular effects. Pre-, peri-, and postnatal BPA exposure have been linked to a variety of altered behaviors in multiple model organisms, ranging from zebrafish to frogs to mammalian models. Given that BPA can cross the human placental barrier and has been found in the serum of human fetuses during gestation, BPA has been postulated to adversely affect ongoing neurodevelopment, ultimately leading to behavioral disorders later in life. Indeed, the brain has been identified as a key developmental target for BPA disruption. Despite these known associations between gestational BPA exposure and adverse developmental outcomes, as well as an extensive body of evidence existing in the literature, the mechanisms by which BPA induces its cellular- and tissue-specific effects on neurodevelopmental processes still remains poorly understood at a mechanistic level. In this review we will briefly summarize the effects of gestational BPA exposure on neural developmental mechanisms and resulting behaviors, and then present suggestions for how we might address gaps in our knowledge to develop a fuller understanding of endocrine neurodevelopmental disruption to better inform governmental policy against the use of BPA or other endocrine disruptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinushan Nesan
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotckhiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Laronna C Sewell
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotckhiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Deborah M Kurrasch
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotckhiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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41
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Vilela CLS, Bassin JP, Peixoto RS. Water contamination by endocrine disruptors: Impacts, microbiological aspects and trends for environmental protection. Environ Pollut 2018; 235:546-559. [PMID: 29329096 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.12.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Hormone active agents constitute a dangerous class of pollutants. Among them, those agents that mimic the action of estrogens on target cells and are part of the group of endocrine-disruptor compounds (EDCs) are termed estrogenic EDCs, the main focus of this review. Exposure to these compounds causes a number of negative effects, including breast cancer, infertility and animal hermaphroditism. However, especially in underdeveloped countries, limited efforts have been made to warn people about this serious issue, explain the methods of minimizing exposure, and develop feasible and efficient mitigation strategies at different levels and in various environments. For instance, the use of bioremediation processes capable of transforming EDCs into environmentally friendly compounds has been little explored. A wide diversity of estrogen-degrading microorganisms could be used to develop such technologies, which include bioremediation processes for EDCs that could be implemented in biological filters for the post-treatment of wastewater effluent. This review describes problems associated with EDCs, primarily estrogenic EDCs, including exposure as well as the present status of understanding and the effects of natural and synthetic hormones and estrogenic EDCs on living organisms. We also describe potential biotechnological strategies for EDC biodegradation, and suggest novel treatment approaches for minimizing the persistence of EDCs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caren Leite Spindola Vilela
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Bassin
- Chemical Engineering Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel Silva Peixoto
- Department of General Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Goes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; IMAM-AquaRio - Rio de Janeiro Marine Aquarium Research Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Takahashi M, Komada M, Miyazawa K, Goto S, Ikeda Y. Bisphenol A exposure induces increased microglia and microglial related factors in the murine embryonic dorsal telencephalon and hypothalamus. Toxicol Lett 2018; 284:113-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is among the better-known endocrine disruptors. BPA is used in various food-contacting materials and is easily eluted into food; as a result, we are exposed to BPA on a daily basis. In adults, BPA is
metabolized and eliminated rapidly from the body. However, numerous reports suggest that fetuses and young children are susceptible to BPA. One of the concerning adverse effects of BPA is disruption of behavior,
especially anxiety-like behavior. In order to study the mechanism of influences on offspring, it is important to clarify the most vulnerable gestation period. We hypothesized that offspring in late pregnancy would be
more susceptible to BPA, because late pregnancy is a critical time for functional brain development. In this study, C57BL/6 mouse fetuses were exposed prenatally by oral dosing of pregnant dams, once daily from
gestational day 5.5 to 12.5 (early pregnancy) or 11.5 to 18.5 (late pregnancy), with BPA (0 or 10 mg/kg body weight). Following birth and weaning, the resulting pups were tested using an elevated plus maze at postnatal
week 10. The behavior of the offspring was altered by prenatal BPA exposure during late pregnancy but not during early pregnancy. These results indicated that offspring are more vulnerable to exposure to BPA in late
pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Ohtani
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Koshi Suda
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Erika Tsuji
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kentaro Tanemura
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction and Development, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokota
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inoue
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Iwano
- Laboratory of Veterinary Biochemistry, Department of Bioscience, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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Drobná Z, Henriksen AD, Wolstenholme JT, Montiel C, Lambeth PS, Shang S, Harris EP, Zhou C, Flaws JA, Adli M, Rissman EF. Transgenerational Effects of Bisphenol A on Gene Expression and DNA Methylation of Imprinted Genes in Brain. Endocrinology 2018; 159:132-144. [PMID: 29165653 PMCID: PMC5761590 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous man-made endocrine disrupting compound (EDC). Developmental exposure to BPA changes behavioral and reproductive phenotypes, and these effects can last for generations. We exposed embryos to BPA, producing two lineages: controls and BPA exposed. In the third filial generation (F3), brain tissues containing the preoptic area, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and the anterior hypothalamus were collected. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and subsequent data analyses revealed 50 differentially regulated genes in the brains of F3 juveniles from BPA vs control lineages. BPA exposure can lead to loss of imprinting, and one of the two imprinted genes in our data set, maternally expressed gene 3 (Meg3), has been associated with EDCs and neurobehavioral phenotypes. We used quantitative polymerase chain reaction to examine the two imprinted genes in our data set, Meg3 and microRNA-containing gene Mirg (residing in the same loci). Confirming the RNA-seq, Meg3 messenger RNA was higher in F3 brains from the BPA lineage than in control brains. This was true in brains from mice produced with two different BPA paradigms. Next, we used pyrosequencing to probe differentially methylated regions of Meg3. We found transgenerational effects of BPA on imprinted genes in brain. Given these results, and data on Meg3 methylation in humans, we suggest this gene may be a biomarker indicative of early life environmental perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Drobná
- Center for Human Health and the Environment and Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Anne D Henriksen
- Department of Integrated Science and Technology, MSC 4102, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia
| | - Jennifer T Wolstenholme
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Catalina Montiel
- Center for Human Health and the Environment and Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Philip S Lambeth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Stephen Shang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Erin P Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Changqing Zhou
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Mazhar Adli
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Emilie F Rissman
- Center for Human Health and the Environment and Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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Eckstrum KS, Edwards W, Banerjee A, Wang W, Flaws JA, Katzenellenbogen JA, Kim SH, Raetzman LT. Effects of Exposure to the Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Bisphenol A During Critical Windows of Murine Pituitary Development. Endocrinology 2018; 159:119-131. [PMID: 29092056 PMCID: PMC5761589 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Critical windows of development are often more sensitive to endocrine disruption. The murine pituitary gland has two critical windows of development: embryonic gland establishment and neonatal hormone cell expansion. During embryonic development, one environmentally ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting chemical, bisphenol A (BPA), has been shown to alter pituitary development by increasing proliferation and gonadotrope number in females but not males. However, the effects of exposure during the neonatal period have not been examined. Therefore, we dosed pups from postnatal day (PND)0 to PND7 with 0.05, 0.5, and 50 μg/kg/d BPA, environmentally relevant doses, or 50 μg/kg/d estradiol (E2). Mice were collected after dosing at PND7 and at 5 weeks. Dosing mice neonatally with BPA caused sex-specific gene expression changes distinct from those observed with embryonic exposure. At PND7, pituitary Pit1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression was decreased with BPA 0.05 and 0.5 μg/kg/d in males only. Expression of Pomc mRNA was decreased at 0.5 μg/kg/d BPA in males and at 0.5 and 50 μg/kg/d BPA in females. Similarly, E2 decreased Pomc mRNA in both males and females. However, no noticeable corresponding changes were found in protein expression. Both E2 and BPA suppressed Pomc mRNA in pituitary organ cultures; this repression appeared to be mediated by estrogen receptor-α and estrogen receptor-β in females and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor in males, as determined by estrogen receptor subtype-selective agonists. These data demonstrated that BPA exposure during neonatal pituitary development has unique sex-specific effects on gene expression and that Pomc repression in males and females can occur through different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten S. Eckstrum
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Whitney Edwards
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Annesha Banerjee
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Wei Wang
- Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Jodi A. Flaws
- Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | | | - Sung Hoon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
| | - Lori T. Raetzman
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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Lee HM, Hwang KA, Choi KC. Diverse pathways of epithelial mesenchymal transition related with cancer progression and metastasis and potential effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals on epithelial mesenchymal transition process. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 457:103-113. [PMID: 28042023 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are natural or synthetic compounds that interfere with normal functions of natural hormones in the body, leading to a disruption of the endocrine system. Specifically, EDCs have the potential to cause formation of several hormone-dependent cancers, including breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by which epithelial cells lose their cell polarity and cell-cell adhesion and acquire mesenchymal phenotype is closely associated with malignant transformation and the initiation of cancer metastasis. As a key epithelial marker responsible for adherens junction, E-cadherin enables the cells to maintain epithelial phenotypes. EMT event is induced by E-cadherin loss which can be carried out by many transcription factors (TFs), including Snail, Slug, ZEB1, ZEB2, Kruppel-like factor 8 (KLF8), and Twist. N-cadherin, fibronectin, and vimentin are mesenchymal markers needed for cellular migration. The EMT process is regulated by several signaling pathways mediated by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), Wnt-β-catenin, Notch, Hedgehog, and receptor tyrosine kinases. In the present article, we reviewed the current understanding of cancer progression effects of synthetic chemical EDCs such as bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates, tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and triclosan by focusing their roles in the EMT process. Collectively, the majority of previous studies revealed that BPA, phthalates, TCDD, and triclosan have the potential to induce cancer metastasis through regulating EMT markers and migration via several signaling pathways associated with the EMT program. Therefore, it is considered that the exposure to these EDCs can increase the risk aggravating the disease for the patients suffering cancer and that more regulations about the use of these EDCs are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Miru Lee
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-A Hwang
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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Ihde ES, Zamudio S, Loh JM, Zhu Y, Woytanowski J, Rosen L, Liu M, Buckley B. Application of a novel mass spectrometric (MS) method to examine exposure to Bisphenol-A and common substitutes in a maternal fetal cohort. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 2017; 24:331-346. [PMID: 31588171 PMCID: PMC6777866 DOI: 10.1080/10807039.2017.1381831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The use of Bisphenol A (BPA) has widely been replaced in consumer products by analogs BPB, BPE, BPF, BPS, and BPAF. Recent studies have linked these substitutes to similar adverse health outcomes as BPA, including disruption of endocrine pathways in animal and human studies. We designed a novel MS method, developed specifically for this study, to capture the most relevant BPA alternatives, BPB, BPE, BPF, BPS, BPAF and 4-NP in human blood and urine to quantify potential in utero exposures. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore in utero exposure to these BPA analogs and the first U.S. study to test for BPA in maternal/fetal pairs. The method was run on 30 paired maternal urine and fetal cord blood samples from mothers undergoing elective Caesarean sections. 90% of mothers and 77% of babies tested positive for at least one BP analog. 83% of mothers tested positive for BPAF, 60% for BPS, 57% for BPB, 17% for BPF and 7% for BPA. 57% of babies tested positive for BPAF and 50% for BPF. BPA and BPB were detected in one cord blood sample each. BPS was not detected in cord blood. BPE was not detected in any fetal cord blood or maternal urine samples. These findings demonstrate the pervasiveness of some BP analogs in pregnant women and their babies at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Speiser Ihde
- The Deirdre Imus Environmental Health Center®, Hackensack University Medical Center, 30 Prospect Ave, Research Building, Hackensack NJ 07601, USA
| | - Stacy Zamudio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Surgery, Hackensack University Medical Center, 30 Prospect Ave, Hackensack NJ 07601, USA
| | - Ji Meng Loh
- Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, NJ Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Yalin Zhu
- Dept. of Mathematical Sciences, NJ Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - John Woytanowski
- St. George’s University School of Medicine, Grenada, West Indies
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Dept. of Internal Medicine, 2900 W. Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
| | - Lawrence Rosen
- The Deirdre Imus Environmental Health Center®, Hackensack University Medical Center, 30 Prospect Ave, Research Building, Hackensack NJ 07601, USA
| | - Min Liu
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, USA
| | - Brian Buckley
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, 170 Frelinghuysen Road, Piscataway, NJ08854, USA
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Zhou Y, Wang Z, Xia M, Zhuang S, Gong X, Pan J, Li C, Fan R, Pang Q, Lu S. Neurotoxicity of low bisphenol A (BPA) exposure for young male mice: Implications for children exposed to environmental levels of BPA. Environ Pollut 2017; 229:40-48. [PMID: 28577381 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the neuron toxicities of low-dose exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) in children, mice were used as an animal model. We examined brain cell damage and the effects of learning and memory ability after BPA exposure in male mice (4 weeks of age) that were divided into four groups and chronically received different BPA treatments for 8 weeks. The comet assay and hippocampal neuron counting were used to detect the brain cell damage. The Y-maze test was applied to test alterations in learning and memory ability. Long term potentiation induction by BPA exposure was performed to study the potential mechanism of performance. The percentages of tail DNA, tail length and tail moment in brain cells increased with increasing BPA exposure concentrations. Significant differences in DNA damage were observed among the groups, including between the low-dose and control groups. In the Y-maze test, the other three groups qualified for the learned standard one day earlier than the high-exposed group. Furthermore, the ratio of qualified mice in the high-exposed group was always the lowest among the groups, indicating that high BPA treatment significantly altered the spatial memory performance of mice. Different BPA treatments exerted different effects on the neuron numbers of different regions in the hippocampus. In the CA1 region, the high-exposed group had a significant decrease in neuron numbers. A non-monotonic relationship was observed between the exposure concentrations and neuron quantity in the CA3 region. The hippocampal slices in the control and medium-exposed groups generated long-term potentiation after induction by theta burst stimulation, but the low-exposed group did not. A significant difference was observed between the control and low-exposed groups. In conclusion, chronic exposure to a low level of BPA had adverse effects on brain cells and altered the learning and memory ability of adolescent mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxiu Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, 510631, China
| | - Zhouyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, 510631, China
| | - Minghan Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Siyi Zhuang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, 510631, China
| | - Xiaobing Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Jianwen Pan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, 510631, China
| | - Chuhua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, 510631, China
| | - Ruifang Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, 510631, China.
| | - Qihua Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Drug and Food Biological Resources Processing and Comprehensive Utilization, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, 510631, China
| | - Shaoyou Lu
- Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Arambula SE, Fuchs J, Cao J, Patisaul HB. Effects of perinatal bisphenol A exposure on the volume of sexually-dimorphic nuclei of juvenile rats: A CLARITY-BPA consortium study. Neurotoxicology 2017; 63:33-42. [PMID: 28890130 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high volume endocrine disrupting chemical found in a wide variety of products including plastics and epoxy resins. Human exposure is nearly ubiquitous, and higher in children than adults. Because BPA has been reported to interfere with sex steroid hormone signaling, there is concern that developmental exposure, even at levels below the current FDA No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of 5mg/kg body weight (bw)/day, can disrupt brain sexual differentiation. The current studies were conducted as part of the CLARITY-BPA (Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on BPA Toxicity) program and tested the hypothesis that perinatal BPA exposure would induce morphological changes in hormone sensitive, sexually dimorphic brain regions. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups: BPA (2.5, 25, or 2500μg/kgbw/day), a reference estrogen (0.5μg ethinylestradiol (EE2)/kgbw/day), or vehicle. Exposure occurred by gavage to the dam from gestational day 6 until parturition, and then to the offspring from birth through weaning. Unbiased stereology was used to quantify the volume of the sexually dimorphic nucleus (SDN), the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV), the posterodorsal portion of the medial amygdala (MePD), and the locus coeruleus (LC) at postnatal day 28. No appreciable effects of BPA were observed on the volume of the SDN or LC. However, AVPV volume was enlarged in both sexes, even at levels below the FDA NOAEL. Collectively, these data suggest the developing brain is vulnerable to endocrine disruption by BPA at exposure levels below previous estimates by regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheryl E Arambula
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; WM Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Joelle Fuchs
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Jinyan Cao
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Heather B Patisaul
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; WM Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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50
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Palacios-Arreola MI, Nava-Castro KE, Río-Araiza VHD, Pérez-Sánchez NY, Morales-Montor J. A single neonatal administration of Bisphenol A induces higher tumour weight associated to changes in tumour microenvironment in the adulthood. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10573. [PMID: 28874690 PMCID: PMC5585249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BPA is an oestrogenic endocrine disrupting chemical compound. Exposure to BPA in as early as pregnancy leads to lifelong effects. Since endocrine and immune systems interact in a bidirectional manner, endocrine disruption may cause permanent alterations of the immune system, affecting a future anti-tumoral response. Neonate (PND 3) female syngeneic BALB/c mice were exposed to a single dose of 250 µg/kg BPA. Once sexual maturity was reached, a mammary tumour was induced injecting 4T1 cells in situ, these cells are derived from a spontaneous adenocarcinoma in a BALB/c mouse and therefore allows for an immunocompetent recipient. After 25 days of injection, showing no major endocrine alterations, BPA-exposed mice developed larger tumours. Tumour leukocytic infiltrate analysis revealed a higher proportion of regulatory T lymphocytes in the BPA-exposed group. RT-PCR analysis of tumour samples showed a decreased expression of TNF-α and IFN-γ, as well as the M2 macrophage marker Fizz-1 in the BPA-exposed group. Flow cytometry analysis revealed differences in ERα expression by T lymphocytes, macrophages and NK cells, both associated to BPA exposure and tumour development. These findings show a new aspect whereby early life BPA exposure can contribute to breast cancer development and progression by modulating the anti-tumoral immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Isabel Palacios-Arreola
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70228, Ciudad de Mexico, CP, 04510, Mexico
| | - Karen Elizabeth Nava-Castro
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología y Mutagénesis Ambientales, Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, CP 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Víctor Hugo Del Río-Araiza
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70228, Ciudad de Mexico, CP, 04510, Mexico
| | - Nashla Yazmín Pérez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70228, Ciudad de Mexico, CP, 04510, Mexico
| | - Jorge Morales-Montor
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70228, Ciudad de Mexico, CP, 04510, Mexico.
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