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Castañeda-Montes FJ, Cerriteño-Sánchez JL, Castañeda-Montes MA, Cuevas-Romero JS, Mendoza-Elvira S. A Candidate Antigen of the Recombinant Membrane Protein Derived from the Porcine Deltacoronavirus Synthetic Gene to Detect Seropositive Pigs. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051049. [PMID: 37243136 DOI: 10.3390/v15051049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emergent swine coronavirus which infects cells from the small intestine and induces watery diarrhea, vomiting and dehydration, causing mortality in piglets (>40%). The aim of this study was to evaluate the antigenicity and immunogenicity of the recombinant membrane protein (M) of PDCoV (rM-PDCoV), which was developed from a synthetic gene obtained after an in silico analysis with a group of 138 GenBank sequences. A 3D model and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the highly conserved M protein structure. Therefore, the synthetic gene was successfully cloned in a pETSUMO vector and transformed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The rM-PDCoV was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot with ~37.7 kDa. The rM-PDCoV immunogenicity was evaluated in immunized (BLAB/c) mice and iELISA. The data showed increased antibodies from 7 days until 28 days (p < 0.001). The rM-PDCoV antigenicity was analyzed using pig sera samples from three states located in "El Bajío" Mexico and positive sera were determined. Our results show that PDCoV has continued circulating on pig farms in Mexico since the first report in 2019; therefore, the impact of PDCoV on the swine industry could be higher than reported in other studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Jesus Castañeda-Montes
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Km 15.5 Carretera México-Toluca, Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05110, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias de la Producción y de la Salud Animal, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Estado de México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - José Luis Cerriteño-Sánchez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Km 15.5 Carretera México-Toluca, Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05110, Mexico
| | - María Azucena Castañeda-Montes
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Km 15.5 Carretera México-Toluca, Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05110, Mexico
| | - Julieta Sandra Cuevas-Romero
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Km 15.5 Carretera México-Toluca, Palo Alto, Cuajimalpa, Ciudad de México 05110, Mexico
| | - Susana Mendoza-Elvira
- Posgrado en Ciencias de la Producción y de la Salud Animal, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Estado de México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
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Fiel MI, El Jamal SM, Paniz-Mondolfi A, Gordon RE, Reidy J, Bandovic J, Advani R, Kilaru S, Pourmand K, Ward S, Thung SN, Schiano T. Findings of Hepatic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Infection. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 11:763-770. [PMID: 32992052 PMCID: PMC7521427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2020.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver injury due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is being increasingly recognized. Abnormal liver chemistry tests of varying severities occur in a majority of patients. However, there is a dearth of accompanying liver histologic studies in these patients. METHODS The current report details the clinical courses of 2 patients having severe COVID-19 hepatitis. Liver biopsies were analyzed under light microscopy, portions of liver tissue were hybridized with a target probe to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 S gene, and small sections from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded liver tissue were processed for electron microscopy. RESULTS The liver histology of both cases showed a mixed inflammatory infiltrate with prominent bile duct damage, endotheliitis, and many apoptotic bodies. In situ hybridization and electron microscopy suggest the intrahepatic presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the findings of which may indicate the possibility of direct cell injury. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the abundant apoptosis and severe cholangiocyte injury, these histopathologic changes suggest a direct cytopathic injury. Furthermore, some of the histopathologic changes may resemble acute cellular rejection occurring after liver transplantation. These 2 cases demonstrate that severe COVID-19 hepatitis can occur even in the absence of significant involvement of other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Isabel Fiel
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
| | - Siraj M El Jamal
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ronald E Gordon
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jason Reidy
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jela Bandovic
- Department of Pathology and Division of Gastroenterology, State University of New York, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Rashmi Advani
- Department of Pathology and Division of Gastroenterology, State University of New York, Stony Brook Medical Center, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Saikiran Kilaru
- Division of Liver Diseases and Recanati-Miller Transplant Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Kamron Pourmand
- Division of Liver Diseases and Recanati-Miller Transplant Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Stephen Ward
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Swan N Thung
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Thomas Schiano
- Division of Liver Diseases and Recanati-Miller Transplant Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Fingas F, Rückner A, Heenemann K, Volke D, Sieg M, Bielefeldt P, Grunwald T, Vahlenkamp TW, Hassert R, Hoffmann R. Highly sensitive ELISA for the serological detection of murine rotavirus EDIM based on its major immunogen VP6. J Virol Methods 2018; 262:72-8. [PMID: 30144945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Precise health monitoring of laboratory animals is a critical factor for surveillance and accuracy of animal experiments. Rotavirus epizootic diarrhea of infant mice (EDIM) leads to infections in mice that can influence animal studies, e.g., by altering the intestinal physiology. Thus, the aim of this study was establishing a highly sensitive and specific ELISA for the serological detection of EDIM infections in rodents. First, virus proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and immunogenic proteins were visualized by immunoblotting and identified after in-gel digestion by tandem mass spectrometry. Subsequently, the major immunogen VP6 (virus protein 6) was expressed in Escherichia coli in high yields, purified by affinity chromatography, and used to establish an indirect ELISA. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were both above 99 % and the selectivity better than 98.7 % for animals infected by other pathogens listed by the Federation of Laboratory Animal Science Associations. Importantly, the Strep-rVP6-His-ELISA was more sensitive than a commercial virus-based ELISA and is a time- and cost-efficient complement to EDIM-specific immune-fluorescence assays. In conclusion, the assay can improve health monitoring by reducing the risk of missed EDIM infections in animal housing facilities, thereby improving animal welfare, reliability of animal studies, and protection of precious mice breeds.
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Suo S, Wang X, Zarlenga D, Bu RE, Ren Y, Ren X. Phage display for identifying peptides that bind the spike protein of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and possess diagnostic potential. Virus Genes 2015; 51:51-6. [PMID: 26013256 PMCID: PMC7089269 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-015-1208-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The spike (S) protein of porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is located within the viral envelope and is the only structural protein that possesses epitopes capable of inducing virus-neutralizing antibodies. Among the four N-terminal antigenic sites A, B, C, and D, site A and to a lesser extent site D (S-AD) induce key neutralizing antibodies. Recently, we expressed S-AD (rS-AD) in recombinant form. In the current study, we used the rS-AD as an immobilized target to identify peptides from a phage-display library with application for diagnosis. Among the 9 phages selected that specifically bound to rS-AD, the phage bearing the peptide TLNMHLFPFHTG bound with the highest affinity and was subsequently used to develop a phage-based ELISA for TGEV. When compared with conventional antibody-based ELISA, phage-mediated ELISA was more sensitive; however, it did not perform better than semi-quantitative RT-PCR, though phage-mediated ELISA was quicker and easier to set up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqingaowa Suo
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Street, Xiangfang District, Harbin, 150030, China,
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Chen L, Zhang H, Hou B, Hou B, Hu H. SYBR Green I real-time RT-PCR method for detection of S gene of transmissible gastroenteritis virus]]>: . ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011;37:521-5. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1238.2011.00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mourez T, Vabret A, Han Y, Dina J, Legrand L, Corbet S, Freymuth F. Baculovirus expression of HCoV-OC43 nucleocapsid protein and development of a Western blot assay for detection of human antibodies against HCoV-OC43. J Virol Methods 2006; 139:175-80. [PMID: 17079026 PMCID: PMC7112889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2006.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2006] [Revised: 09/22/2006] [Accepted: 09/26/2006] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The nucleocapsid (N) gene of human coronavirus strain OC43 (HCoV-OC43) was amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and cloned in pENTR™/D-TOPO® plasmid. This plasmid containing the N gene was recombined with in a BaculoDirect™ baculovirus DNA designed in order to express N protein in fusion with a C-terminal polyhistidine tag containing V5 epitope. Sf21 cells were transfected with recombinant baculovirus DNA. Recombinant N protein was extracted from infected cells, analysed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot, and purified by Ni2+ affinity procedure. Sera from 100 healthcare workers and five 2–3-year-old children were tested in a Western blot assay using the purified recombinant N protein. All of the sera from adults and two of the sera from children have a positive result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mourez
- Laboratory of Human and Molecular Virology, University Hospital of Caen, Avenue Georges Clemenceau, 14 033 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Astrid Vabret
- Laboratory of Human and Molecular Virology, University Hospital of Caen, Avenue Georges Clemenceau, 14 033 Caen Cedex, France
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +33 2 31 27 25 54; fax: +33 2 31 27 25 57.
| | - Yang Han
- Department of Infectious Disease, Peking University Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Julia Dina
- Laboratory of Human and Molecular Virology, University Hospital of Caen, Avenue Georges Clemenceau, 14 033 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Loïc Legrand
- Laboratory of Human and Molecular Virology, University Hospital of Caen, Avenue Georges Clemenceau, 14 033 Caen Cedex, France
| | - Sandrine Corbet
- Laboratory of Human and Molecular Virology, University Hospital of Caen, Avenue Georges Clemenceau, 14 033 Caen Cedex, France
| | - François Freymuth
- Laboratory of Human and Molecular Virology, University Hospital of Caen, Avenue Georges Clemenceau, 14 033 Caen Cedex, France
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Chen R, Huang W, Lin Z, Zhou Z, Yu H, Zhu D. Development of a novel real-time RT-PCR assay with LUX primer for the detection of swine transmissible gastroenteritis virus. J Virol Methods 2005; 122:57-61. [PMID: 15488621 PMCID: PMC7119747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2004.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2004] [Revised: 08/09/2004] [Accepted: 08/11/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Real-time RT-PCR assay, based on light upon extension (LUX) fluorogenic primer and LightCycle technology, was developed for rapid detection of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). Viral RNA from different TGEV isolates and clinical specimens was detected. To evaluate the sensitivity of the assay, a gel-based RT-PCR method targeted at the same 101 bp sequence was also developed. Serial 10-fold dilutions of TGEV RNA were detected by the two methods. Although the real time method used only 2 μl RNA for each reaction, a 10-fold increase of sensitivity over that of the gel-based method, which used 10 μl RNA was demonstrated. The study indicates that the LUX assay reported below is rapid, reliable and sensitive and it has the potential for use as an alternative molecular method for TGEV diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Chen
- Animal Quarantine Laboratory, Guangdong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, No. 66 Huacheng Dadao, Zhujiangxincheng, Guangzhou 510623, PR China
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