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Cheng IS, Tsao JP, Bernard JR, Tsai TW, Chang CC, Liao SF. Oral post-exercise garlic extract supplementation enhances glycogen replenishment but does not up-regulate mitochondria biogenesis mRNA expression in human-exercised skeletal muscle. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2024; 21:2336095. [PMID: 38576169 PMCID: PMC11000618 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2336095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Garlic extract (GA) is purported to enhance antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity and glucose regulation in humans. The present study investigated the effects of post-exercise GA supplementation on GLUT4 expression, glycogen replenishment, and the transcript factors involved with mitochondrial biosynthesis in exercised human skeletal muscle. METHODS The single-blinded crossover counterbalanced study was completed by 12 participants. Participants were randomly divided into either GA (2000 mg of GA) or placebo trials immediately after completing a single bout of cycling exercise at 75% Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) for 60 minutes. Participants consumed either GA (2000 mg) or placebo capsules with a high glycemic index carbohydrate meal (2 g carb/body weight) immediately after exercise. Muscle samples were collected at 0-h and 3-h post-exercise. Muscle samples were used to measure glycogen levels, GLUT4 protein expression, as well as transcription factors for glucose uptake, and mitochondria biogenesis. Plasma glucose, insulin, glycerol, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations, and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were also analyzed during the post-exercise recovery periods. RESULTS Skeletal muscle glycogen replenishment was significantly elevated during the 3-h recovery period for GA concurrent with no difference in GLUT4 protein expression between the garlic and placebo trials. PGC1-α gene expression was up-regulated for both GA and placebo after exercise (p < 0.05). Transcript factors corresponding to muscle mitochondrial biosynthesis were significantly enhanced under acute garlic supplementation as demonstrated by TFAM and FIS1. However, the gene expression of SIRT1, ERRα, NFR1, NFR2, MFN1, MFN2, OPA1, Beclin-1, DRP1 were not enhanced, nor were there any improvements in GLUT4 expression, following post-exercise garlic supplementation. CONCLUSION Acute post-exercise garlic supplementation may improve the replenishment of muscle glycogen, but this appears to be unrelated to the gene expression for glucose uptake and mitochondrial biosynthesis in exercised human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Shiung Cheng
- National Taichung University of Education, Department of Physical Education, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Piao Tsao
- Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Jeffrey R. Bernard
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health Promotion,California State University, Stanislaus, Turlock, USA
| | - Tsen-Wei Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Taichung, China Medical University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Chang
- College of HuilanNational Dong Hwa University, Physical Education Center, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Su-Fen Liao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Carneiro L, Bernasconi R, Bernini A, Repond C, Pellerin L. Elevation of hypothalamic ketone bodies induces a decrease in energy expenditures and an increase risk of metabolic disorder. Mol Metab 2024; 83:101926. [PMID: 38553002 PMCID: PMC10999683 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2024.101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ketone bodies (such as β-hydroxybutyrate or BHB) have been recently proposed as signals involved in brain regulation of energy homeostasis and obesity development. However, the precise role of ketone bodies sensing by the brain, and its impact on metabolic disorder development remains unclear. Nevertheless, partial deletion of the ubiquitous ketone bodies transporter MCT1 in mice (HE mice) results in diet-induced obesity resistance, while there is no alteration under normal chow diet. These results suggest that ketone bodies produced during the high fat diet would be important signals involved in obesity onset. METHODS In the present study we used a specific BHB infusion of the hypothalamus and analyzed the energy homeostasis of WT or HE mice fed a normal chow diet. RESULTS Our results indicate that high BHB levels sensed by the hypothalamus disrupt the brain regulation of energy homeostasis. This brain control dysregulation leads to peripheral alterations of energy expenditure mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, the changes induced by high ketone bodies levels sensed by the brain increase the risk of obesity onset in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Carneiro
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Rocco Bernasconi
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Bernini
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cendrine Repond
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luc Pellerin
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland; University and CHU of Poitiers, INSERM U1313, Poitiers, France.
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3
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Barrett JS, Strauss JA, Chow LS, Shepherd SO, Wagenmakers AJM, Wang Y. GLUT4 localisation with the plasma membrane is unaffected by an increase in plasma free fatty acid availability. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:94. [PMID: 38566151 PMCID: PMC10986142 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake into skeletal muscle occurs via translocation of GLUT4 from intracellular storage vesicles to the plasma membrane. Elevated free fatty acid (FFA) availability via a lipid infusion reduces glucose disposal, but this occurs in the absence of impaired proximal insulin signalling. Whether GLUT4 localisation to the plasma membrane is subsequently affected by elevated FFA availability is not known. METHODS Trained (n = 11) and sedentary (n = 10) individuals, matched for age, sex and body mass index, received either a 6 h lipid or glycerol infusion in the setting of a concurrent hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp. Sequential muscle biopsies (0, 2 and 6 h) were analysed for GLUT4 membrane localisation and microvesicle size and distribution using immunofluorescence microscopy. RESULTS At baseline, trained individuals had more small GLUT4 spots at the plasma membrane, whereas sedentary individuals had larger GLUT4 spots. GLUT4 localisation with the plasma membrane increased at 2 h (P = 0.04) of the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and remained elevated until 6 h, with no differences between groups or infusion type. The number of GLUT4 spots was unchanged at 2 h of infusion. However, from 2 to 6 h there was a decrease in the number of small GLUT4 spots at the plasma membrane (P = 0.047), with no differences between groups or infusion type. CONCLUSION GLUT4 localisation with the plasma membrane increases during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, but this is not altered by elevated FFA availability. GLUT4 appears to disperse from small GLUT4 clusters located at the plasma membrane to support glucose uptake during a hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Barrett
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - J A Strauss
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - L S Chow
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - S O Shepherd
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK.
| | - A J M Wagenmakers
- Research Institute for Sport & Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Tom Reilly Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Y Wang
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca R&D, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0WG, UK
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4
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Eggelbusch M, Charlton BT, Bosutti A, Ganse B, Giakoumaki I, Grootemaat AE, Hendrickse PW, Jaspers Y, Kemp S, Kerkhoff TJ, Noort W, van Weeghel M, van der Wel NN, Wesseling JR, Frings-Meuthen P, Rittweger J, Mulder ER, Jaspers RT, Degens H, Wüst RCI. The impact of bed rest on human skeletal muscle metabolism. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101372. [PMID: 38232697 PMCID: PMC10829795 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Insulin sensitivity and metabolic flexibility decrease in response to bed rest, but the temporal and causal adaptations in human skeletal muscle metabolism are not fully defined. Here, we use an integrative approach to assess human skeletal muscle metabolism during bed rest and provide a multi-system analysis of how skeletal muscle and the circulatory system adapt to short- and long-term bed rest (German Clinical Trials: DRKS00015677). We uncover that intracellular glycogen accumulation after short-term bed rest accompanies a rapid reduction in systemic insulin sensitivity and less GLUT4 localization at the muscle cell membrane, preventing further intracellular glycogen deposition after long-term bed rest. We provide evidence of a temporal link between the accumulation of intracellular triglycerides, lipotoxic ceramides, and sphingomyelins and an altered skeletal muscle mitochondrial structure and function after long-term bed rest. An intracellular nutrient overload therefore represents a crucial determinant for rapid skeletal muscle insulin insensitivity and mitochondrial alterations after prolonged bed rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Eggelbusch
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Center of Expertise Urban Vitality, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Braeden T Charlton
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Bergita Ganse
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK; Clinics and Institutes of Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Ifigenia Giakoumaki
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Anita E Grootemaat
- Electron Microscopy Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Paul W Hendrickse
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK; Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Yorrick Jaspers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Stephan Kemp
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J Kerkhoff
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wendy Noort
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole N van der Wel
- Electron Microscopy Center Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julia R Wesseling
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Petra Frings-Meuthen
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Jörn Rittweger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Edwin R Mulder
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard T Jaspers
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Degens
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK; Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rob C I Wüst
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Calcaterra V, Verduci E, Vandoni M, Rossi V, Fiore G, Massini G, Berardo C, Gatti A, Baldassarre P, Bianchi A, Cordaro E, Cavallo C, Cereda C, Bosetti A, Zuccotti G. The Effect of Healthy Lifestyle Strategies on the Management of Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:4692. [PMID: 36364954 PMCID: PMC9657567 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is characterized by an increased risk of several metabolic derangements including insulin resistance (IR). The strongest recommendations to prevent obesity and related complications are a balanced and adequate diet and practicing physical activity from early childhood. In this review, we propose to present the effects of healthy lifestyle strategies, including physical exercise and dietary approaches, on the management of IR and related metabolic derangements. All types of exercise (aerobic, resistance and combined training) effectively reduce IR in pediatric patients with obesity; it seems that aerobic and combined training stimulate greater improvements in IR compared to resistance training. Balanced normocaloric or hypocaloric dietary approaches are also valid strategies to address IR; it is not possible to assess the long-term impact of varying macronutrients on cardiometabolic risk. The glycemic index/load evaluation is a useful dietary approach to glucose metabolism control. Similarly, they should adopt the principle of the Mediterranean diet. Randomized studies with longer monitoring are needed to define the benefits of nutritional supplementation on IR. Considering that healthy style acquisition could track to later ages, programs of healthy lifestyle starting with children offer a better preventive strategy to preserve metabolic control and children's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatric and Adolescent Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Elvira Verduci
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Vandoni
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Fiore
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Massini
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Clarissa Berardo
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gatti
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Baldassarre
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Bianchi
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Erika Cordaro
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Cavallo
- Laboratory of Adapted Motor Activity (LAMA), Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- LUNEX International University of Health, Exercise and Sports, 50, Avenue du Parc des Sports, 4671 Differdange, Luxembourg
| | - Cristina Cereda
- Neonatal Screening and Metabolic Disorders Unit, V. Buzzi Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bosetti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
- Pediatric Department, “Vittore Buzzi” Children’s Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy
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6
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Koh JH, Pataky MW, Dasari S, Klaus KA, Vuckovic I, Ruegsegger GN, Kumar AP, Robinson MM, Nair KS. Enhancement of anaerobic glycolysis - a role of PGC-1α4 in resistance exercise. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2324. [PMID: 35484130 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30056-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance exercise training (RET) is an effective countermeasure to sarcopenia, related frailty and metabolic disorders. Here, we show that an RET-induced increase in PGC-1α4 (an isoform of the transcriptional co-activator PGC-1α) expression not only promotes muscle hypertrophy but also enhances glycolysis, providing a rapid supply of ATP for muscle contractions. In human skeletal muscle, PGC-1α4 binds to the nuclear receptor PPARβ following RET, resulting in downstream effects on the expressions of key glycolytic genes. In myotubes, we show that PGC-1α4 overexpression increases anaerobic glycolysis in a PPARβ-dependent manner and promotes muscle glucose uptake and fat oxidation. In contrast, we found that an acute resistance exercise bout activates glycolysis in an AMPK-dependent manner. These results provide a mechanistic link between RET and improved glucose metabolism, offering an important therapeutic target to counteract aging and inactivity-induced metabolic diseases benefitting those who cannot exercise due to many reasons.
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7
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James TJ, Corbett J, Cummings M, Allard S, Young JS, Towse J, Carey-Jones K, Eglin C, Hopkins B, Morgan C, Tipton M, Saynor ZL, Shepherd AI. Timing of acute passive heating on glucose tolerance and blood pressure in people with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, balanced crossover, control trial. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:1093-1105. [PMID: 33411640 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00747.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and progressive insulin resistance, leading to macro and microvascular dysfunction. Passive heating has potential to improve glucose homeostasis and act as an exercise mimetic. We assessed the effect of acute passive heating before or during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in people with T2DM. Twelve people with T2DM were randomly assigned to the following three conditions: 1) 3-h OGTT (control), 2) 1-h passive heating (40°C water) 30 min before an OGTT (HOT-OGTT), and 3) 1-h passive heating (40°C water) 30 min after commencing an OGTT (OGTT-HOT). Blood glucose concentration, insulin sensitivity, extracellular heat shock protein 70 (eHSP70), total energy expenditure (TEE), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded. Passive heating did not alter blood glucose concentration [control: 1,677 (386) arbitrary units (AU), HOT-OGTT: 1,797 (340) AU, and OGTT-HOT: 1,662 (364) AU, P = 0.28], insulin sensitivity (P = 0.15), or SBP (P = 0.18) but did increase eHSP70 concentration in both heating conditions [control: 203.48 (110.81) pg·mL-1; HOT-OGTT: 402.47 (79.02) pg·mL-1; and OGTT-HOT: 310.00 (60.53) pg·mL-1, P < 0.001], increased TEE (via fat oxidation) in the OGTT-HOT condition [control: 263 (33) kcal, HOT-OGTT: 278 (40) kcal, and OGTT-HOT: 304 (38) kcal, P = 0.001], increased HR in both heating conditions (P < 0.001), and reduced DBP in the OGTT-HOT condition (P < 0.01). Passive heating in close proximity to a glucose challenge does not alter glucose tolerance but does increase eHSP70 concentration and TEE and reduce blood pressure in people with T2DM.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to investigate the timing of acute passive heating on glucose tolerance and extracellular heat shock protein 70 concentration ([eHSP70]) in people with type 2 diabetes. The principal novel findings from this study were that both passive heating conditions: 1) did not reduce the area under the curve or peak blood glucose concentration, 2) elevated heart rate, and 3) increased [eHSP70], which was blunted by glucose ingestion, while passive heating following glucose ingestion, 4) increased total energy expenditure, and 5) reduced diastolic blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J James
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.,Diabetes and Endocrinology Department, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Jo Corbett
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Cummings
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Department, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Allard
- Diabetes and Endocrinology Department, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - John S Young
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Towse
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn Carey-Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.,Oaks Healthcare, Cowplain Family Practice, Waterlooville, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Eglin
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Billy Hopkins
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Connor Morgan
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Tipton
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Zoe L Saynor
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.,Diabetes and Endocrinology Department, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony I Shepherd
- School of Sport, Health and Exercise Science, Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.,Diabetes and Endocrinology Department, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
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8
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Enes BN, Moreira LDPD, Toledo RCL, Moraes ÉA, Moreira MEDC, Hermsdorff HHM, Noratto G, Mertens-talcott SU, Talcott S, Martino HSD. Effect of different fractions of chia (Salvia hispanica L.) on glucose metabolism, in vivo and in vitro. J Funct Foods 2020; 71:104026. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
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9
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Ferrari F, Bock PM, Motta MT, Helal L. Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms of Glucose Uptake Stimulated by Physical Exercise in Insulin Resistance State: Role of Inflammation. Arq Bras Cardiol 2020; 113:1139-1148. [PMID: 31644699 PMCID: PMC7021273 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity associated with systemic inflammation induces insulin resistance (IR), with consequent chronic hyperglycemia. A series of reactions are involved in this process, including increased release of proinflammatory cytokines, and activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) receptors. Among the therapeutic tools available nowadays, physical exercise (PE) has a known hypoglycemic effect explained by complex molecular mechanisms, including an increase in insulin receptor phosphorylation, in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, in the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK) pathway, with subsequent activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), Rac1, TBC1 domain family member 1 and 4 (TBC1D1 and TBC1D4), in addition to a variety of signaling molecules, such as GTPases, Rab and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attached protein receptor (SNARE) proteins. These pathways promote greater translocation of GLUT4 and consequent glucose uptake by the skeletal muscle. Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase (PDK), atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) and some of its isoforms, such as PKC-iota/lambda also seem to play a fundamental role in the transport of glucose. In this sense, the association between autophagy and exercise has also demonstrated a relevant role in the uptake of muscle glucose. Insulin, in turn, uses a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent mechanism, while exercise signal may be triggered by the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The objective of this review is to describe the main molecular mechanisms of IR and the relationship between PE and glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Ferrari
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares - Faculdade de Medicina - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil.,Grupo de Pesquisa em Cardiologia do Exercício - CardioEx (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Patrícia Martins Bock
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia do Exercício (LaFiEx), (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil.,Instituto de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (IATS), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil.,Faculdades Integradas de Taquara, Taquara, RS - Brazil
| | - Marcelo Trotte Motta
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana (UEFS), Feira de Santana, BA - Brazil
| | - Lucas Helal
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares - Faculdade de Medicina - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil.,Laboratório de Fisiopatologia do Exercício (LaFiEx), (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
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10
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Marchant ED, Corbin WM, Eyre CL, Marchant ND. Unlike a high-fat diet model, mitochondrial ROS production does not appear to contribute to bed rest-induced insulin resistance. J Physiol 2020; 598:2289-2290. [PMID: 32249436 DOI: 10.1113/jp279575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erik D Marchant
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Wyatt M Corbin
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Chandler L Eyre
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Nathan D Marchant
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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11
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Jensen CH, Kosmina R, Rydén M, Baun C, Hvidsten S, Andersen MS, Christensen LL, Gastaldelli A, Marraccini P, Arner P, Jørgensen CD, Laborda J, Holst JJ, Andersen DC. The imprinted gene Delta like non-canonical notch ligand 1 (Dlk1) associates with obesity and triggers insulin resistance through inhibition of skeletal muscle glucose uptake. EBioMedicine 2019; 46:368-380. [PMID: 31383551 PMCID: PMC6711890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The imprinted gene Delta like non-canonical Notch ligand 1 (Dlk1) is considered an inhibitor of adipogenesis, but its in vivo impact on fat mass indeed remains elusive and controversial. METHODS Fat deposits were assessed by MRI and DXA scanning in two cohorts of non-diabetic men, whereas glucose disposal rate (GDR) was determined during euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. Blood analyte measurements were used for correlation and mediation analysis to investigate how age, BMI, and fat percentage affect the relation between DLK1 and GDR. Confirmatory animal studies performed in normal (NC) and high fat diet (HFD) fed Dlk1+/+ and Dlk1-/- mice included DXA scanning, glucose tolerance tests (GTTs), blood measurements, and skeletal muscle glucose uptake studies by positron emission tomography (PET), histology, qRT-PCR, and in vitro cell studies. FINDINGS Overall, DLK1 is positively correlated with fat amounts, which is consistent with a negative linear relationship between DLK1 and GDR. This relationship is not mediated by age, BMI, or fat percentage. In support, DLK1 also correlates positively with HOMA-IR and ADIPO-IR in these humans, but has no linear relationship with the early diabetic inflammation marker MCP-1. In Dlk1-/- mice, the increase in fat percentage and adipocyte size induced by HFD is attenuated, and these animals are protected against insulin resistance. These Dlk1 effects seem independent of gluconeogenesis, but at least partly relies on increased in vivo glucose uptake in skeletal muscles by Dlk1 regulating the major glucose transporter Glut4 in vivo as well as in two independent cell lines. INTERPRETATION Thus, instead of an adipogenic inhibitor, Dlk1 should be regarded as a factor causally linked to obesity and insulin resistance, and may be used to predict development of type 2 diabetes. FUND: The Danish Diabetes Academy supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation, The Danish National Research Council (#09-073648), The Lundbeck Foundation, University of Southern Denmark, and Dep. Of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology/Odense University Hospital, the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Diabetes Foundation, the Strategic Research Program in Diabetes at Karolinska Institute and an EFSD/Lilly grant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Harken Jensen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Dep. of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Danish Center for Regenerative Medicine (danishcrm.com), Odense University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Rok Kosmina
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Dep. of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy, Denmark; Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mikael Rydén
- Dep. of Medicine-H7, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Baun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Svend Hvidsten
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Arner
- Dep. of Medicine-H7, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jorge Laborda
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Pharmacy School, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jens Juul Holst
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Section for Translational Metabolic Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte Caroline Andersen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Dep. of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Danish Center for Regenerative Medicine (danishcrm.com), Odense University Hospital, Denmark; Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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12
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Knudsen JR, Henriquez-Olguin C, Li Z, Jensen TE. Electroporated GLUT4-7myc-GFP detects in vivo glucose transporter 4 translocation in skeletal muscle without discernible changes in GFP patterns. Exp Physiol 2019; 104:704-714. [PMID: 30710396 DOI: 10.1113/ep087545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Resolving the mechanism(s) leading to glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) translocation to the muscle surface membrane has great therapeutic potential. However, the measurement of GLUT4 translocation is technically challenging. Here, we asked whether electroporation of GLUT4-7myc-GFP into skeletal muscle could be used as a tool to study GLUT4 translocation in vivo. What is the main finding and its importance? By acutely inducing GLUT4-7myc-GFP expression in skeletal muscle, we verified that in vivo exercise and AICAR stimulation increased the GLUT4 presence in the sarcolemma measured as myc signal. Importantly, the increased myc signal in the sarcolemma was not accompanied by major visual changes in the distribution of the GFP signal. ABSTRACT Insulin and exercise lead to translocation of the glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) to the surface membrane of skeletal muscle fibres. This process is pivotal for facilitating glucose uptake into skeletal muscle. To study this, a robust assay is needed to measure the translocation of GLUT4 in adult skeletal muscle directly. Here, we aimed to validate a simple GLUT4 translocation assay using a genetically encoded biosensor in mouse skeletal muscle. We transfected GLUT4-7myc-GFP into mouse muscle to study live GLUT4 movement and to evaluate GLUT4 insertion in the muscle surface membrane after in vivo running exercise and pharmacological activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Transfection led to expression of GLUT4-7myc-GFP that was dynamic in live flexor digitorum brevis fibres and which, upon insulin stimulation, exposed the myc epitope extracellularly. Running exercise, in addition to AMPK activation by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide, induced ∼125 and ∼100% increase, respectively, in extracellularly exposure of GLUT4 in the surface membrane of tibialis anterior muscle. Interestingly, the clear increase in surface-exposed GLUT4 content induced by insulin, exercise or AMPK activation was not accompanied by any discernible reorganization of the GLUT4-GFP signal. In conclusion, we provide a detailed description of an easy-to-use translocation assay to study GLUT4 accumulation at the surface membrane induced by exercise and exercise-mimicking stimuli. Notably, our analyses revealed that increased GLUT4 surface membrane accumulation was not accompanied by a discernible change in the GLUT4 localization pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Roland Knudsen
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carlos Henriquez-Olguin
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zhencheng Li
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Elbenhardt Jensen
- Section of Molecular Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Abstract
Adhesion G-protein coupled receptors (aGPCRs) are emerging as important actors in energy homeostasis. Recent biochemical and functional studies using transgenic mice indicate that aGPCRs play important roles in endocrine and metabolic functions including β-cell differentiation, insulin secretion, adipogenesis and whole body fuel homeostasis. Most aGPCRs are orphans, for which endogenous ligands have not yet been identified, and many of the endogenous ligands of the already de-orphanised aGPCRs are components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this review we focus on aGPCR expression in metabolically active tissues, their activation by ECM proteins, and current knowledge of their potential roles in islet development, insulin secretion, adipogenesis and muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oladapo E Olaniru
- Diabetes Research Group, Department of Diabetes, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Shanta J Persaud
- Diabetes Research Group, Department of Diabetes, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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14
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Edinburgh RM, Hengist A, Smith HA, Travers RL, Koumanov F, Betts JA, Thompson D, Walhin JP, Wallis GA, Hamilton DL, Stevenson EJ, Tipton KD, Gonzalez JT. Preexercise breakfast ingestion versus extended overnight fasting increases postprandial glucose flux after exercise in healthy men. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2018; 315:E1062-E1074. [PMID: 30106621 PMCID: PMC6293167 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00163.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize postprandial glucose flux after exercise in the fed versus overnight fasted state and to investigate the potential underlying mechanisms. In a randomized order, twelve men underwent breakfast-rest [(BR) 3 h semirecumbent], breakfast-exercise [(BE) 2 h semirecumbent before 60 min of cycling (50% peak power output)], and overnight fasted exercise [(FE) as per BE omitting breakfast] trials. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was completed after exercise (after rest on BR). Dual stable isotope tracers ([U-13C] glucose ingestion and [6,6-2H2] glucose infusion) and muscle biopsies were combined to assess postprandial plasma glucose kinetics and intramuscular signaling, respectively. Plasma intestinal fatty acid binding (I-FABP) concentrations were determined as a marker of intestinal damage. Breakfast before exercise increased postexercise plasma glucose disposal rates during the OGTT, from 44 g/120 min in FE {35 to 53 g/120 min [mean (normalized 95% confidence interval)] to 73 g/120 min in BE [55 to 90 g/120 min; P = 0.01]}. This higher plasma glucose disposal rate was, however, offset by increased plasma glucose appearance rates (principally OGTT-derived), resulting in a glycemic response that did not differ between BE and FE ( P = 0.11). Plasma I-FABP concentrations during exercise were 264 pg/ml (196 to 332 pg/ml) lower in BE versus FE ( P = 0.01). Breakfast before exercise increases postexercise postprandial plasma glucose disposal, which is offset (primarily) by increased appearance rates of orally ingested glucose. Therefore, metabolic responses to fed-state exercise cannot be readily inferred from studies conducted in a fasted state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron Hengist
- Department for Health, University of Bath , Bath , United Kingdom
| | - Harry A Smith
- Department for Health, University of Bath , Bath , United Kingdom
| | | | | | - James A Betts
- Department for Health, University of Bath , Bath , United Kingdom
| | - Dylan Thompson
- Department for Health, University of Bath , Bath , United Kingdom
| | | | - Gareth A Wallis
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , United Kingdom
| | - D Lee Hamilton
- Physiology, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
- School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria , Australia
| | - Emma J Stevenson
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University , Newcastle-upon-Tyne , United Kingdom
| | - Kevin D Tipton
- Physiology, Exercise and Nutrition Research Group, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
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15
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Siques P, Brito J, Flores K, Ordenes S, Arriaza K, Pena E, León-Velarde F, López de Pablo ÁL, Gonzalez MC, Arribas S. Long-Term Chronic Intermittent Hypobaric Hypoxia Induces Glucose Transporter (GLUT4) Translocation Through AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) in the Soleus Muscle in Lean Rats. Front Physiol 2018; 9:799. [PMID: 30002630 PMCID: PMC6031730 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In chronic hypoxia (CH) and short-term chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) exposure, glycemia and insulin levels decrease and insulin sensitivity increases, which can be explained by changes in glucose transport at skeletal muscles involving GLUT1, GLUT4, Akt, and AMPK, as well as GLUT4 translocation to cell membranes. However, during long-term CIH, there is no information regarding whether these changes occur similarly or differently than in other types of hypoxia exposure. This study evaluated the levels of AMPK and Akt and the location of GLUT4 in the soleus muscles of lean rats exposed to long-term CIH, CH, and normoxia (NX) and compared the findings. Methods: Thirty male adult rats were randomly assigned to three groups: a NX (760 Torr) group (n = 10), a CIH group (2 days hypoxia/2 days NX; n = 10) and a CH group (n = 10). Rats were exposed to hypoxia for 30 days in a hypobaric chamber set at 428 Torr (4,600 m). Feeding (10 g daily) and fasting times were accurately controlled. Measurements included food intake (every 4 days), weight, hematocrit, hemoglobin, glycemia, serum insulin (by ELISA), and insulin sensitivity at days 0 and 30. GLUT1, GLUT4, AMPK levels and Akt activation in rat soleus muscles were determined by western blot. GLUT4 translocation was measured with confocal microscopy at day 30. Results: (1) Weight loss and increases in hematocrit and hemoglobin were found in both hypoxic groups (p < 0.05). (2) A moderate decrease in glycemia and plasma insulin was found. (3) Insulin sensitivity was greater in the CIH group (p < 0.05). (4) There were no changes in GLUT1, GLUT4 levels or in Akt activation. (5) The level of activated AMPK was increased only in the CIH group (p < 0.05). (6) Increased GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane of soleus muscle cells was observed in the CIH group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In lean rats experiencing long-term CIH, glycemia and insulin levels decrease and insulin sensitivity increases. Interestingly, there is no increase of GLUT1 or GLUT4 levels or in Akt activation. Therefore, cellular regulation of glucose seems to primarily involve GLUT4 translocation to the cell membrane in response to hypoxia-mediated AMPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Siques
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Julio Brito
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Karen Flores
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Stefany Ordenes
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Karem Arriaza
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Eduardo Pena
- Institute of Health Studies, University Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Fabiola León-Velarde
- Department of Biological and Physiological Sciences, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía/IIA, Cayetano Heredia University, Lima, Peru
| | - Ángel L López de Pablo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Gonzalez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Arribas
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Autonoma of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Yi M, Wei T, Wang Y, Lu Q, Chen G, Gao X, Geller HM, Chen H, Yu Z. The potassium channel KCa3.1 constitutes a pharmacological target for astrogliosis associated with ischemia stroke. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:203. [PMID: 29037241 PMCID: PMC5644250 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0973-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reactive astrogliosis is one of the significantly pathological features in ischemic stroke accompanied with changes in gene expression, morphology, and proliferation. KCa3.1 was involved in TGF-β-induced astrogliosis in vitro and also contributed to astrogliosis-mediated neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration disease. Methods Wild type mice and KCa3.1−/− mice were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) to evaluate the infarct areas by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium hydrochloride staining and neurological deficit. KCa3.1 channels expression and cell localization in the brain of pMCAO mice model were measured by immunoblotting and immunostaining. Glia activation and neuron loss was measured by immunostaining. DiBAC4 (3) and Fluo-4AM were used to measure membrane potential and cytosolic Ca2+ level in oxygen-glucose deprivation induced reactive astrocytes in vitro. Results Immunohistochemistry on pMCAO mice infarcts showed strong upregulation of KCa3.1 immunoreactivity in reactive astrogliosis. KCa3.1−/− mice exhibited significantly smaller infarct areas on pMCAO and improved neurological deficit. Both activated gliosis and neuronal loss were attenuated in KCa3.1−/− pMCAO mice. In the primary cultured astrocytes, the expressions of KCa3.1 and TRPV4 were increased associated with upregulation of astrogliosis marker GFAP induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation. The activation of KCa3.1 hyperpolarized membrane potential and, by promoting the driving force for calcium, induced calcium entry through TRPV4, a cation channel of the transient receptor potential family. Double-labeled staining showed that KCa3.1 and TRPV4 channels co-localized in astrocytes. Blockade of KCa3.1 or TRPV4 inhibited the phenotype switch of reactive astrogliosis. Conclusions Our data suggested that KCa3.1 inhibition might represent a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemia stroke. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-017-0973-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengni Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Tianjiao Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- Experimental Teaching Center of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qin Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Gaoxian Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaoling Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Herbert M Geller
- Developmental Neurobiology Section, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Zhihua Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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17
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Yu Z, Wang Y, Qin L, Chen H. Functional Cooperation between KCa3.1 and TRPV4 Channels in Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Associated with Chronic Asthma. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:559. [PMID: 28970794 PMCID: PMC5609593 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle cells (SMC) proliferation contributes to the airways remodeling and irreversible airway obstruction during severe asthma, but the mechanisms of airway SMC proliferation are poorly understood. Intracellular Ca2+ levels play an important role in regulating cell proliferation. We have previously reported KCa3.1 channels regulated human bronchial smooth muscle (HBSM) cells proliferation via the Ca2+ influx as a consequence of membrane hyperpolarization. However, the role of potassium channels KCa3.1 in airway remodeling as well as the mechanism for extracellular Ca2+ influx induced by the activation of KCa3.1 remains unknown. Here we demonstrated that KCa3.1 channels deficiency attenuated airway remodeling, airway inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in a mouse model of chronic asthma. The gene expressions of repressor element 1-silencing transcription factor (REST) and c-Jun, two transcriptional regulators of KCa3.1 channels, were correlated negatively or positively with KCa3.1 channels expressions both in vivo and in vitro using real-time PCR and Western blot analyses. RNAi-mediated knockdown or pharmacological blockade of KCa3.1 and TRPV4 significantly attenuated HBSM cells proliferation. Using confocal imaging and custom data analysis software, blockade of TRPV4 decreased the Ca2+ influx induced by 1-EBIO-mediated KCa3.1 activation. Double-labeled staining showed that KCa3.1 and TRPV4 channels colocalized in HBSM cells. These results demonstrate that KCa3.1 channels regulate the proliferation phenotype of HBSM cells via TRPV4 channels in the process of chronic asthma, making it a potential therapeutic target to treat chronic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Yanxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Lu Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai, China
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18
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Yang YP, Wang CJ, Wang JJ, Lin CW, Yang YTC, Wang JS, Yang YK, Yang YC. The Effects of an Activity Promotion System on active living in overweight subjects with metabolic abnormalities. Obes Res Clin Pract 2017; 11:718-727. [PMID: 28729003 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to examine the effects of Activity Promotion System (APs) on promoting physical activity (PA) for overweight subjects with metabolic abnormalities. METHODS We designed a six-month randomised controlled trial with a cross-over design, and recruited 53 subjects. Subjects in group A used APs with a wearable device measuring whole-day PA, including sleep time, sedentary, light, moderate and vigorous PA and a web-based feedback system in the first three months and followed by usual care with traditional health education in the next three months. Subjects in group B received the above programs in a reverse order. PA and metabolic profiles were measured prior to the intervention (T1), three months after the first intervention (T2), and six months after the other intervention (T3), respectively. An independent t test was used to test the differences between periods with and without Aps. RESULTS This study found that the APs had short-term effects on decreasing sedentary time and increasing mild PA, total PA, daily step counts, and calories burnt. With regard to the secondary outcome measures of metabolic abnormalities, the results showed that APs had had no effect on metabolic abnormalities, except a borderline decreasing of waist circumference. CONCLUSION Using this APs might be an effective approach to decrease sedentary time and increase PA for an overweight non-elderly adult population with only metabolic abnormalities. However, long-term studies with APs are needed to further confirm the effectiveness of this innovative Activity Promotion System.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Yang
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jane Wang
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jy Wang
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Allied Health Science, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Lin
- Deparment of BioMedical Engineering, College of Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Carolyn Yang
- Institute of Education, College of Social Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jeen-Shing Wang
- Deparment of Electrical Engineering, College of Electrical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen Kuang Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Addiction Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Dou-Liou Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan.
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Pereira RM, Botezelli JD, da Cruz Rodrigues KC, Mekary RA, Cintra DE, Pauli JR, da Silva ASR, Ropelle ER, de Moura LP. Fructose Consumption in the Development of Obesity and the Effects of Different Protocols of Physical Exercise on the Hepatic Metabolism. Nutrients 2017; 9:E405. [PMID: 28425939 DOI: 10.3390/nu9040405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fructose consumption has been growing exponentially and, concomitant with this, the increase in the incidence of obesity and associated complications has followed the same behavior. Studies indicate that fructose may be a carbohydrate with greater obesogenic potential than other sugars. In this context, the liver seems to be a key organ for understanding the deleterious health effects promoted by fructose consumption. Fructose promotes complications in glucose metabolism, accumulation of triacylglycerol in the hepatocytes, and alterations in the lipid profile, which, associated with an inflammatory response and alterations in the redox state, will imply a systemic picture of insulin resistance. However, physical exercise has been indicated for the treatment of several chronic diseases. In this review, we show how each exercise protocol (aerobic, strength, or a combination of both) promote improvements in the obesogenic state created by fructose consumption as an improvement in the serum and liver lipid profile (high-density lipoprotein (HDL) increase and decrease triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels) and a reduction of markers of inflammation caused by an excess of fructose. Therefore, it is concluded that the practice of aerobic physical exercise, strength training, or a combination of both is essential for attenuating the complications developed by the consumption of fructose.
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Pereira RM, Moura LPD, Muñoz VR, Silva ASRD, Gaspar RS, Ropelle ER, Pauli JR. Molecular mechanisms of glucose uptake in skeletal muscle at rest and in response to exercise. Motriz: rev educ fis 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700si0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil
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