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Park JM, Rahmati M, Lee SC, Shin JI, Kim YW. Effects of mesenchymal stem cell on dopaminergic neurons, motor and memory functions in animal models of Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1584-1592. [PMID: 38051903 PMCID: PMC10883506 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.387976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Parkinson's disease is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms, no treatment can cure or reverse the disease itself. Stem cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns, a lower risk of immune rejection, and a lower risk of teratogenicity. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function, memory, and preservation of dopaminergic neurons in a Parkinson's disease animal model. We searched bibliographic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science) to identify articles and included only peer-reviewed in vivo interventional animal studies published in any language through June 28, 2023. The study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the standard mean differences (SMD) between the treatment and control groups. We use the systematic review center for laboratory animal experimentation's risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment. A total of 33 studies with data from 840 Parkinson's disease model animals were included in the meta-analysis. Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational test. Among the stem cell types, the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed largest effect size (SMD [95% CI] = -6.21 [-9.50 to -2.93], P = 0.0001, I2 = 0.0 %). The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopaminergic neurons in the striatum ([95% CI] = 1.04 [0.59 to 1.49], P = 0.0001, I2 = 65.1 %) and substantia nigra (SMD [95% CI] = 1.38 [0.89 to 1.87], P = 0.0001, I2 = 75.3 %), indicating a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons. Subgroup analysis of the amphetamine-induced rotation test showed a significant reduction only in the intracranial-striatum route (SMD [95% CI] = -2.59 [-3.25 to -1.94], P = 0.0001, I2 = 74.4 %). The memory test showed significant improvement only in the intravenous route (SMD [95% CI] = 4.80 [1.84 to 7.76], P = 0.027, I2 = 79.6 %). Mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to positively impact motor function and memory function and protect dopaminergic neurons in preclinical models of Parkinson's disease. Further research is required to determine the optimal stem cell types, modifications, transplanted cell numbers, and delivery methods for these protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Mi Park
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong Wook Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Comini G, Kelly R, Jarrin S, Patton T, Narasimhan K, Pandit A, Drummond N, Kunath T, Dowd E. Survival and maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic progenitors in the parkinsonian rat brain is enhanced by transplantation in a neurotrophin-enriched hydrogel. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:024002. [PMID: 38479026 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad33b2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Although human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cell replacement for Parkinson's disease has considerable reparative potential, its full therapeutic benefit is limited by poor graft survival and dopaminergic maturation. Injectable biomaterial scaffolds, such as collagen hydrogels, have the potential to address these issues via a plethora of supportive benefits including acting as a structural scaffold for cell adherence, shielding from the host immune response and providing a reservoir of neurotrophic factors to aid survival and differentiation. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine if a neurotrophin-enriched collagen hydrogel could improve the survival and maturation of iPSC-derived dopaminergic progenitors (iPSC-DAPs) after transplantation into the rat parkinsonian brain.Approach.Human iPSC-DAPs were transplanted into the 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned striatum either alone, with the neurotrophins GDNF and BDNF, in an unloaded collagen hydrogel, or in a neurotrophin-loaded collagen hydrogel.Post-mortem, human nuclear immunostaining was used to identify surviving iPSC-DAPs while tyrosine hydroxylase immunostaining was used to identify iPSC-DAPs that had differentiated into mature dopaminergic neurons.Main results.We found that iPSC-DAPs transplanted in the neurotrophin-enriched collagen hydrogel survived and matured significantly better than cells implanted without the biomaterial (8 fold improvement in survival and 16 fold improvement in dopaminergic differentiation). This study shows that transplantation of human iPSC-DAPs in a neurotrophin-enriched collagen hydrogel improves graft survival and maturation in the parkinsonian rat brain.Significance.The data strongly supports further investigation of supportive hydrogels for improving the outcome of iPSC-derived brain repair in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Comini
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Rachel Kelly
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sarah Jarrin
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Tommy Patton
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nicola Drummond
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tilo Kunath
- Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Eilís Dowd
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Chandrababu K, Radhakrishnan V, Anjana AS, Rajan R, Sivan U, Krishnan S, Baby Chakrapani PS. Unravelling the Parkinson's puzzle, from medications and surgery to stem cells and genes: a comprehensive review of current and future management strategies. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:1-23. [PMID: 38015243 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-023-06735-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, prevalent in the elderly population. Neuropathological hallmarks of PD include loss of dopaminergic cells in the nigro-striatal pathway and deposition of alpha-synuclein protein in the neurons and synaptic terminals, which lead to a complex presentation of motor and non-motor symptoms. This review focuses on various aspects of PD, from clinical diagnosis to currently accepted treatment options, such as pharmacological management through dopamine replacement and surgical techniques such as deep brain stimulation (DBS). The review discusses in detail the potential of emerging stem cell-based therapies and gene therapies to be adopted as a cure, in contrast to the present symptomatic treatment in PD. The potential sources of stem cells for autologous and allogeneic stem cell therapy have been discussed, along with the progress evaluation of pre-clinical and clinical trials. Even though recent techniques hold great potential to improve the lives of PD patients, we present the importance of addressing the safety, efficacy, ethical, cost, and regulatory concerns before scaling them to clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnapriya Chandrababu
- Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University for Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, 682 022, India
| | - Vineeth Radhakrishnan
- Comprehensive Care Centre for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - A S Anjana
- Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University for Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, 682 022, India
| | - Rahul Rajan
- Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University for Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, 682 022, India
| | - Unnikrishnan Sivan
- Faculty of Fisheries Engineering, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Syam Krishnan
- Comprehensive Care Centre for Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - P S Baby Chakrapani
- Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Biotechnology, Cochin University for Science and Technology, Kochi, Kerala, 682 022, India.
- Centre for Excellence in Neurodegeneration and Brain Health (CENBH), Kochi, Kerala, India.
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Nasrolahi A, Shabani Z, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Salehi-Pourmehr H, Mahmoudi J. Stem Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease: What Promise Does it Hold? Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:185-199. [PMID: 36815638 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230222144116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by substantia nigra dopamine cell death and a varied clinical picture that affects older people. Although more than two centuries have passed since the earliest attempts to find a cure for PD, it remains an unresolved problem. With this in mind, cell replacement therapy is a new strategy for treating PD. This novel approach aims to replace degenerated dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons with new ones or provide a new source of cells that can differentiate into DAergic neurons. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are among the cells considered for transplantation therapies. Recently disease-modifying strategies like cell replacement therapies combined with other therapeutic approaches, such as utilizing natural compounds or biomaterials, are proposed to modify the underlying neurodegeneration. In the present review, we discuss the current advances in cell replacement therapy for PD and summarize the existing experimental and clinical evidence supporting this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Shabani
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr
- Research Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Moon H, Kim B, Kwon I, Oh Y. Challenges involved in cell therapy for Parkinson's disease using human pluripotent stem cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1288168. [PMID: 37886394 PMCID: PMC10598731 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1288168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurons derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) provide a valuable tool for studying human neural development and neurodegenerative diseases. The investigation of hPSC-based cell therapy, involving the differentiation of hPSCs into target cells and their transplantation into affected regions, is of particular interest. One neurodegenerative disease that is being extensively studied for hPSC-based cell therapy is Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common among humans. Various research groups are focused on differentiating hPSCs into ventral midbrain dopaminergic (vmDA) progenitors, which have the potential to further differentiate into neurons closely resembling DA neurons found in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) after transplantation, providing a promising treatment option for PD. In vivo experiments, where hPSC-derived vmDA progenitor cells were transplanted into the striatum or SNpc of animal PD models, the transplanted cells demonstrated stable engraftment and resulted in behavioral recovery in the transplanted animals. Several differentiation protocols have been developed for this specific cell therapy. However, the lack of a reliable live-cell lineage identification method presents a significant obstacle in confirming the precise lineage of the differentiated cells intended for transplantation, as well as identifying potential contamination by non-vmDA progenitors. This deficiency increases the risk of adverse effects such as dyskinesias and tumorigenicity, highlighting the importance of addressing this issue before proceeding with transplantation. Ensuring the differentiation of hPSCs into the target cell lineage is a crucial step to guarantee precise therapeutic effects in cell therapy. To underscore the significance of lineage identification, this review focuses on the differentiation protocols of hPSC-derived vmDA progenitors developed by various research groups for PD treatment. Moreover, in vivo experimental results following transplantation were carefully analyzed. The encouraging outcomes from these experiments demonstrate the potential efficacy and safety of hPSC-derived vmDA progenitors for PD cell therapy. Additionally, the results of clinical trials involving the use of hPSC-derived vmDA progenitors for PD treatment were briefly reviewed, shedding light on the progress and challenges faced in translating this promising therapy into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heechang Moon
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokwang Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inbeom Kwon
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Advanced BioConvergence, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ghorbani S, Christine Füchtbauer A, Møllebjerg A, Møller Martensen P, Hvidbjerg Laursen S, Christian Evar Kraft D, Kjems J, Meyer RL, Rahimi K, Foss M, Füchtbauer EM, Sutherland DS. Protein ligand and nanotopography separately drive the phenotype of mouse embryonic stem cells. Biomaterials 2023; 301:122244. [PMID: 37459700 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Biochemical and biomechanical signals regulate stem cell function in the niche environments in vivo. Current in vitro culture of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) uses laminin (LN-511) to provide mimetic biochemical signaling (LN-521 for human systems) to maintain stemness. Alternative approaches propose topographical cues to provide biomechanical cues, however combined biochemical and topographic cues may better mimic the in vivo environment, but are largely unexplored for in vitro stem cell expansion. In this study, we directly compare in vitro signals from LN-511 and/or topographic cues to maintain stemness, using systematically-varied submicron pillar patterns or flat surfaces with or without preadsorbed LN-511. The adhesion of cells, colony formation, expression of the pluripotency marker,octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4), and transcriptome profiling were characterized. We observed that either biochemical or topographic signals could maintain stemness of mESCs in feeder-free conditions, indicated by high-level Oct4 and gene profiling by RNAseq. The combination of LN-511 with nanotopography reduced colony growth, while maintaining stemness markers, shifted the cellular phenotype indicating that the integration of biochemical and topographic signals is antagonistic. Overall, significantly faster (up to 2.5 times) colony growth was observed at nanotopographies without LN-511, suggesting for improved ESC expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Ghorbani
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark; The Centre for Cellular Signal Patterns (CELLPAT), Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | | | - Andreas Møllebjerg
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | | | - Sara Hvidbjerg Laursen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - David Christian Evar Kraft
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Kjems
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark; The Centre for Cellular Signal Patterns (CELLPAT), Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Rikke Louise Meyer
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Karim Rahimi
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark; Department of Molecular Biology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Morten Foss
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | | | - Duncan S Sutherland
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark; The Centre for Cellular Signal Patterns (CELLPAT), Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark.
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7
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Çalbiyik M, Zehir S. Teratomas from past to the present: A scientometric analysis with global productivity and research trends between 1980 and 2022. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34208. [PMID: 37390229 PMCID: PMC10313264 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently no bibliometric study on teratomas in the literature. This study aims to analyze the published articles on teratomas to provide an overview of the subject, determine global productivity, and identify current research trends. Additionally, data on different components of scientific output (countries, journals, institutions, authors) were analyzed. A total of 4209 articles published on teratomas between 1980 and 2022 were analyzed using various bibliometric and statistical methods. Bibliometric network visualization maps were used to determine trending topics, citation analyses, and international collaborations. Spearman correlation coefficient was used for correlation analysis. The top 3 countries that made the most contributions to the literature were the USA (1041, 24.7%), Japan (501, 11.9%), and India (310, 7.3%). The top 3 active institutions were the University of California System (n = 78), University of London (64), and Harvard University (62). The top 3 productive journals were the Journal of Pediatric Surgery (n = 141), Pediatric Surgery International (n = 70), and Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports (69). The most productive author was Ulbright TM. (n = 18). The most studied topics from past to present were ovarian cancer/ovarian teratoma/ovarian torsion, mature cystic teratoma/dermoid cyst, sacrococcygeal teratoma, germ cell tumors, immature teratoma, malignant transformation, mediastinal teratoma/mediastinum, neonate/newborn/infant, prenatal diagnosis, testis/testicular cancer/teratoma, ultrasonography/ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, chemotherapy, growing teratoma syndrome, surgery, retroperitoneal teratoma/retroperitoneum, laparoscopic surgery/laparoscopy, children/child, and fetal surgery/fetus. We identified trend research topics in the field of teratomas in recent years, including mature cystic teratoma, ovarian teratoma/neoplasm, ovarian cancer, ovarian torsion, growing teratoma syndrome, recurrence, pediatric, testicular cancer, anti-n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis, immature teratoma, retroperitoneal, struma ovarii, and carcinoid. The research leadership in the development of teratoma literature was determined by countries with major economies such as the USA, Japan, India, the UK, China, Turkey, South Korea, and other European countries (France, Germany, Italy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Çalbiyik
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
| | - Sinan Zehir
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Hitit University, Corum, Turkey
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Rájová J, Davidsson M, Avallone M, Hartnor M, Aldrin-Kirk P, Cardoso T, Nolbrant S, Mollbrink A, Storm P, Heuer A, Parmar M, Björklund T. Deconvolution of spatial sequencing provides accurate characterization of hESC-derived DA transplants in vivo. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 29:381-394. [PMID: 37251982 PMCID: PMC10209706 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cell therapy for Parkinson's disease has experienced substantial growth in the past decades with several ongoing clinical trials. Despite increasing refinement of differentiation protocols and standardization of the transplanted neural precursors, the transcriptomic analysis of cells in the transplant after its full maturation in vivo has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we present spatial transcriptomics analysis of fully differentiated grafts in their host tissue. Unlike earlier transcriptomics analyses using single-cell technologies, we observe that cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in the grafts adopt mature dopaminergic signatures. We show that the presence of phenotypic dopaminergic genes, which were found to be differentially expressed in the transplants, is concentrated toward the edges of the grafts, in agreement with the immunohistochemical analyses. Deconvolution shows dopamine neurons being the dominating cell type in many features beneath the graft area. These findings further support the preferred environmental niche of TH-positive cells and confirm their dopaminergic phenotype through the presence of multiple dopaminergic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Rájová
- Molecular Neuromodulation, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marcus Davidsson
- Molecular Neuromodulation, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Martino Avallone
- Molecular Neuromodulation, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Morgan Hartnor
- Molecular Neuromodulation, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrick Aldrin-Kirk
- Molecular Neuromodulation, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tiago Cardoso
- Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Nolbrant
- Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Annelie Mollbrink
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Gene Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Storm
- Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Heuer
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Malin Parmar
- Developmental and Regenerative Neurobiology, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tomas Björklund
- Molecular Neuromodulation, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
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9
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Anderson KA, Whitehead BJ, Petersen ED, Kemme MR, Wedster A, Hochgeschwender U, Sandstrom MI. Behavioral context improves optogenetic stimulation of transplanted dopaminergic cells in unilateral 6-OHDA rats. Behav Brain Res 2023; 441:114279. [PMID: 36586489 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy has long been a popular method of treatment for Parkinson's disease currently being researched in both preclinical and clinical settings. While early clinical results are based upon fetal tissue transplants rather than stem cell transplants, the lack of successful integration in some patients and gradual loss of effect in others suggests a more robust protocol is needed. We propose a two-front approach, one where transplants are directly stimulated in coordination with host activity elicited by behavioral tasks, which we refer to as behavioral context. After a pilot with unilateral 6-OHDA rats transplanted with dopaminergic cells differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells that were optogenetically stimulated during a swim task, we discovered that early stimulation predicted lasting reduction of motor deficits, even in the absence of later stimulation. This led to a follow-up with n = 21 rats split into three groups: one stimulated while performing a swim task (Stim-Swim; St-Sw), one not stimulated while swimming (NoStim-Swim; NSt-Sw), and one stimulated while stationary in a bowl (Stim-NoSwim; St-NSw). After initial stimulation (or lack thereof), all rats were retested two and seven days later with the swim task in the absence of stimulation. The St-Sw group gradually achieved and maintained symmetrical limb use, whereas the NSt-Sw group showed persistent asymmetry and the St-NSw group showed mixed results. This supports the notion that stem cell therapy should integrate targeted stimulation of the transplant with behavioral stimulation of the host tissue to encourage proper functional integration of the graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Anderson
- Central Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Bailey J Whitehead
- Central Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; West Virginia University, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, College of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Eric D Petersen
- Central Michigan University, Program in Neuroscience, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Central Michigan University, College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Central Michigan University, Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology Program, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Madison R Kemme
- Central Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Michigan State University, College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Anna Wedster
- Central Michigan University, Program in Neuroscience, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Ute Hochgeschwender
- Central Michigan University, Program in Neuroscience, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Central Michigan University, College of Medicine, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Central Michigan University, Biochemistry, Cell, and Molecular Biology Program, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Michael I Sandstrom
- Central Michigan University, Department of Psychology, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA; Central Michigan University, Program in Neuroscience, Mt. Pleasant, MI, USA.
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10
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Xue J, Wu Y, Bao Y, Zhao M, Li F, Sun J, Sun Y, Wang J, Chen L, Mao Y, Schweitzer JS, Song B. Clinical considerations in Parkinson's disease cell therapy. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 83:101792. [PMID: 36402405 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell replacement therapy is an area of increasing interest for treating Parkinson's disease (PD). However, to become a clinically practical option for PD patients, it must first overcome significant barriers, including establishment of safe and standardized surgical procedures, determination of appropriate perioperative medication regimens, demonstration of long-term graft survival and incorporation, and standardized, clinically meaningful follow-up measures. In this review, we will describe the current status of cell therapy for PD with special attention to these critical requirements, to define guideposts on the road to bring the benefit of this therapy to the Parkinson's clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yuting Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Minglai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fangzhou Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yimin Sun
- Institute of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai 200040, China.
| | - Jeffrey S Schweitzer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China; Institute for Translational Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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11
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Zayed MA, Sultan S, Alsaab HO, Yousof SM, Alrefaei GI, Alsubhi NH, Alkarim S, Al Ghamdi KS, Bagabir SA, Jana A, Alghamdi BS, Atta HM, Ashraf GM. Stem-Cell-Based Therapy: The Celestial Weapon against Neurological Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:3476. [PMID: 36359871 PMCID: PMC9655836 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cells are a versatile source for cell therapy. Their use is particularly significant for the treatment of neurological disorders for which no definitive conventional medical treatment is available. Neurological disorders are of diverse etiology and pathogenesis. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is caused by abnormal protein deposits, leading to progressive dementia. Parkinson's disease (PD) is due to the specific degeneration of the dopaminergic neurons causing motor and sensory impairment. Huntington's disease (HD) includes a transmittable gene mutation, and any treatment should involve gene modulation of the transplanted cells. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder affecting multiple neurons sporadically but induces progressive neuronal dysfunction. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) impacts upper and lower motor neurons, leading to progressive muscle degeneration. This shows the need to try to tailor different types of cells to repair the specific defect characteristic of each disease. In recent years, several types of stem cells were used in different animal models, including transgenic animals of various neurologic disorders. Based on some of the successful animal studies, some clinical trials were designed and approved. Some studies were successful, others were terminated and, still, a few are ongoing. In this manuscript, we aim to review the current information on both the experimental and clinical trials of stem cell therapy in neurological disorders of various disease mechanisms. The different types of cells used, their mode of transplantation and the molecular and physiologic effects are discussed. Recommendations for future use and hopes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Zayed
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia 32511, Egypt
| | - Samar Sultan
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Regenerative Medicine Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashem O. Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shimaa Mohammad Yousof
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ghadeer I. Alrefaei
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf H. Alsubhi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science & Arts, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alkarim
- Embryonic and Cancer Stem Cell Research Group, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Embryonic Stem Cells Research Unit, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kholoud S. Al Ghamdi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sali Abubaker Bagabir
- Genetic Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ankit Jana
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed to be University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Badrah S. Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M. Atta
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine in Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, University City, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
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12
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New Targets and New Technologies in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148799. [PMID: 35886651 PMCID: PMC9321220 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, whose main neuropathological finding is pars compacta degeneration due to the accumulation of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, and subsequent dopamine depletion. This leads to an increase in the activity of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and the internal globus pallidus (GPi). Understanding functional anatomy is the key to understanding and developing new targets and new technologies that could potentially improve motor and non-motor symptoms in PD. Currently, the classical targets are insufficient to improve the entire wide spectrum of symptoms in PD (especially non-dopaminergic ones) and none are free of the side effects which are not only associated with the procedure, but with the targets themselves. The objective of this narrative review is to show new targets in DBS surgery as well as new technologies that are under study and have shown promising results to date. The aim is to give an overview of these new targets, as well as their limitations, and describe the current studies in this research field in order to review ongoing research that will probably become effective and routine treatments for PD in the near future.
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13
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Gouda NA, Elkamhawy A, Cho J. Emerging Therapeutic Strategies for Parkinson’s Disease and Future Prospects: A 2021 Update. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020371. [PMID: 35203580 PMCID: PMC8962417 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder pathologically distinguished by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Muscle rigidity, tremor, and bradykinesia are all clinical motor hallmarks of PD. Several pathways have been implicated in PD etiology, including mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired protein clearance, and neuroinflammation, but how these factors interact remains incompletely understood. Although many breakthroughs in PD therapy have been accomplished, there is currently no cure for PD, only trials to alleviate the related motor symptoms. To reduce or stop the clinical progression and mobility impairment, a disease-modifying approach that can directly target the etiology rather than offering symptomatic alleviation remains a major unmet clinical need in the management of PD. In this review, we briefly introduce current treatments and pathophysiology of PD. In addition, we address the novel innovative therapeutic targets for PD therapy, including α-synuclein, autophagy, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and others. Several immunomodulatory approaches and stem cell research currently in clinical trials with PD patients are also discussed. Moreover, preclinical studies and clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of novel and repurposed therapeutic agents and their pragmatic applications with encouraging outcomes are summarized. Finally, molecular biomarkers under active investigation are presented as potentially valuable tools for early PD diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A. Gouda
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea; (N.A.G.); (A.E.)
| | - Ahmed Elkamhawy
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea; (N.A.G.); (A.E.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Jungsook Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Korea; (N.A.G.); (A.E.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Zeng X, Qin H. Stem Cell Transplantation for Parkinson’s Disease: Current Challenges and Perspectives. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1652-1663. [DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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15
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Yang FC, Vivian JL, Traxler C, Shapiro SM, Stanford JA. MGE-Like Neural Progenitor Cell Survival and Expression of Parvalbumin and Proenkephalin in a Jaundiced Rat Model of Kernicterus. Cell Transplant 2022; 31:9636897221101116. [PMID: 35596532 PMCID: PMC9125107 DOI: 10.1177/09636897221101116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Kernicterus is a permanent condition caused by brain damage from bilirubin toxicity. Dystonia is one of the most debilitating symptoms of kernicterus and results from damage to the globus pallidus (GP). One potential therapeutic strategy to treat dystonia in kernicterus is to replace lost GP neurons and restore basal ganglia circuits through stem cell transplantation. Toward this end, we differentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into medial ganglion eminence (MGE; the embryological origin of most of the GP neurons)-like neural precursor cells (NPCs). We determined neurochemical phenotype in cell culture and after transplanting into the GP of jaundiced Gunn rats. We also determined grafted cell survival as well as migration, distribution, and morphology after transplantation. As in the GP, most cultured MGE-like NPCs expressed γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), with some co-expressing markers for parvalbumin (PV) and others expressing markers for pro-enkephalin (PENK). MGE-like NPCs survived in brains at least 7 weeks after transplantation, with most aggregating near the injection site. Grafted cells expressed GABA and PV or PENK as in the normal GP. Although survival was low and the maturity of grafted cells varied, many cells produced neurite outgrowth. While promising, our results suggest the need to further optimize the differentiation protocol for MGE-like NPC for potential use in treating dystonia in kernicterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Chen Yang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jay L. Vivian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Catherine Traxler
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Steven M. Shapiro
- Department of Neurology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - John A. Stanford
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Kansas Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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16
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Shankar AS, Du Z, Tejeda Mora H, Boers R, Cao W, van den Bosch TPP, Korevaar SS, Boers J, van IJcken WFJ, Bindels EMJ, Eussen B, de Klein A, Pan Q, Oudijk L, Clahsen-van Groningen MC, Hoorn EJ, Baan CC, Gribnau J, Hoogduijn MJ. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells 2022; 40:577-591. [PMID: 35524742 PMCID: PMC9216509 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived kidney organoids are a potential tool for the regeneration of kidney tissue. They represent an early stage of nephrogenesis and have been shown to successfsully vascularize and mature further in vivo. However, there are concerns regarding the long-term safety and stability of iPSC derivatives. Specifically, the potential for tumorigenesis may impede the road to clinical application. To study safety and stability of kidney organoids, we analyzed their potential for malignant transformation in a teratoma assay and following long-term subcutaneous implantation in an immune-deficient mouse model. We did not detect fully functional residual iPSCs in the kidney organoids as analyzed by gene expression analysis, single-cell sequencing and immunohistochemistry. Accordingly, kidney organoids failed to form teratoma. Upon long-term subcutaneous implantation of whole organoids in immunodeficient IL2Ry−/−RAG2−/− mice, we observed tumor formation in 5 out of 103 implanted kidney organoids. These tumors were composed of WT1+CD56+ immature blastemal cells and showed histological resemblance with Wilms tumor. No genetic changes were identified that contributed to the occurrence of tumorigenic cells within the kidney organoids. However, assessment of epigenetic changes revealed a unique cluster of differentially methylated genes that were also present in undifferentiated iPSCs. We discovered that kidney organoids have the capacity to form tumors upon long-term implantation. The presence of epigenetic modifications combined with the lack of environmental cues may have caused an arrest in terminal differentiation. Our results indicate that the safe implementation of kidney organoids should exclude the presence of pro-tumorigenic methylation in kidney organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha S Shankar
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Corresponding author: Anusha S. Shankar, Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Zhaoyu Du
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hector Tejeda Mora
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben Boers
- Department of Developmental Biology and iPS Core Facility, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wanlu Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical CenterRotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sander S Korevaar
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Boers
- Department of Developmental Biology and iPS Core Facility, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eric M J Bindels
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bert Eussen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annelies de Klein
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Qiuwei Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical CenterRotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lindsey Oudijk
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ewout J Hoorn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carla C Baan
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Gribnau
- Department of Developmental Biology and iPS Core Facility, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin J Hoogduijn
- Erasmus MC Transplant Institute, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Millman JR, Tan JH, Colton CK. Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cell Differentiation Under Physiological Oxygen Reduces Residual Teratomas. Cell Mol Bioeng 2021; 14:555-567. [PMID: 34900010 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-021-00687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Residual pluripotent stem cells (PSC) within differentiated populations are problematic because of their potential to form tumors. Simple methods to reduce their occurrence are needed. Methods Here, we demonstrate that control of the oxygen partial pressure (pO2) to physiological levels typical of the developing embryo, enabled by culture on a highly oxygen permeable substrate, reduces the fraction of PSC within and the tumorigenic potential of differentiated populations. Results Differentiation and/or extended culture at low pO2 reduced measured pluripotency markers by up to four orders of magnitude for mouse PSCs (mPSCs). Combination with cell sorting increased the reduction to as much as six orders of magnitude. Upon implantation into immunocompromised mice, mPSCs differentiated at low pO2 either did not form tumors or formed tumors at a slower rate than at high pO2. Conclusions Low pO2 culture alone or in combination with other methods is a potentially straightforward method that could be applied to future cell therapy protocols to minimize the possibility of tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Millman
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130 USA
| | - Jit Hin Tan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - Clark K Colton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
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18
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Stem Cell Secretome for Spinal Cord Repair: Is It More than Just a Random Baseline Set of Factors? Cells 2021; 10:cells10113214. [PMID: 34831436 PMCID: PMC8625005 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hundreds of thousands of people suffer spinal cord injuries each year. The experimental application of stem cells following spinal cord injury has opened a new era to promote neuroprotection and neuroregeneration of damaged tissue. Currently, there is great interest in the intravenous administration of the secretome produced by mesenchymal stem cells in acute or subacute spinal cord injuries. However, it is important to highlight that undifferentiated neural stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells are able to adapt to the damaged environment and produce the so-called lesion-induced secretome. This review article focuses on current research related to the secretome and the lesion-induced secretome and their roles in modulating spinal cord injury symptoms and functional recovery, emphasizing different compositions of the lesion-induced secretome in various models of spinal cord injury.
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19
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Mirzaei S, Kulkarni K, Zhou K, Crack PJ, Aguilar MI, Finkelstein DI, Forsythe JS. Biomaterial Strategies for Restorative Therapies in Parkinson's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:4224-4235. [PMID: 34634903 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder, in which dopaminergic midbrain neurons degenerate, leading to dopamine depletion that is associated with neuronal death. In this Review, we initially describe the pathogenesis of PD and established therapies that unfortunately only delay progression of the disease. With a rapidly escalating incidence in PD, there is an urgent need to develop new therapies that not only halt progression but even reverse degeneration. Biomaterials are playing critical roles in these new therapies which include controlled and site-specific delivery of neurotrophins, increased engraftment of implanted neural stem cells, and redirection of endogenous stem cell populations away from their niche to encourage reparative mechanisms. This Review will therefore cover important design features of biomaterials used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering strategies targeted at PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Mirzaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Ketav Kulkarni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Kun Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Peter J. Crack
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Marie-Isabel Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - David I. Finkelstein
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - John S. Forsythe
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash Institute of Medical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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20
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Assunção Silva RC, Pinto L, Salgado AJ. Cell transplantation and secretome based approaches in spinal cord injury regenerative medicine. Med Res Rev 2021; 42:850-896. [PMID: 34783046 DOI: 10.1002/med.21865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The axonal growth-restrictive character of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) makes finding a therapeutic strategy a very demanding task, due to the postinjury events impeditive to spontaneous axonal outgrowth and regeneration. Considering SCI pathophysiology complexity, it has been suggested that an effective therapy should tackle all the SCI-related aspects and provide sensory and motor improvement to SCI patients. Thus, the current aim of any therapeutic approach for SCI relies in providing neuroprotection and support neuroregeneration. Acknowledging the current SCI treatment paradigm, cell transplantation is one of the most explored approaches for SCI with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) being in the forefront of many of these. Studies showing the beneficial effects of MSC transplantation after SCI have been proposing a paracrine action of these cells on the injured tissues, through the secretion of protective and trophic factors, rather than attributing it to the action of cells itself. This manuscript provides detailed information on the most recent data regarding the neuroregenerative effect of the secretome of MSCs as a cell-free based therapy for SCI. The main challenge of any strategy proposed for SCI treatment relies in obtaining robust preclinical evidence from in vitro and in vivo models, before moving to the clinics, so we have specifically focused on the available vertebrate and mammal models of SCI currently used in research and how can SCI field benefit from them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita C Assunção Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's e PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,BnML, Behavioral and Molecular Lab, Braga, Portugal
| | - Luísa Pinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's e PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,BnML, Behavioral and Molecular Lab, Braga, Portugal
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's e PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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21
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A Two-Stage Process for Differentiation of Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Neuronal-like Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6631651. [PMID: 34135973 PMCID: PMC8177978 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6631651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With no permanent cure for neurodegenerative diseases, the symptoms reappear shortly after the withdrawal of medicines. A better treatment outcome can be expected if the damaged neurons are partly replaced by functional neurons and/or they are repaired using trophic factors. In this regard, safe cell therapy has been considered as a potential alternative to conventional treatment. Here, we have described a two-stage culture process to differentiate Wharton Jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) into neuronal-like cells in the presence of various cues involved in neurogenesis. The fate of cells at the end of each stage was analyzed at the morphometric, transcriptional, and translational levels. In the first stage of priming, constitutively, wingless-activated WJ-MSCs crossed the lineage boundary in favor of neuroectodermal lineage, identified by the loss of mesenchymal genes with concomitant expression of neuron-specific markers, like SOX1, PAX6, NTRK1, and NEUROD2. Neuronal-like cells formed in the second stage expressed many mature neuronal proteins like Map2, neurofilament, and Tuj1 and possessed axon hillock-like structures. In conclusion, the differentiation of a large number of neuronal-like cells from nontumorigenic and trophic factors secreting WJ-MSCs promises the development of a therapeutic strategy to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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22
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Duan R, Gao Y, He R, Jing L, Li Y, Gong Z, Yao Y, Luan T, Zhang C, Li L, Jia Y. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Ischemic Stroke Treatment. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:628663. [PMID: 34135724 PMCID: PMC8202685 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.628663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the main central nervous system diseases and is associated with high disability and mortality rates. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) and mechanical thrombectomy are the optimal therapies available currently to restore blood flow in patients with stroke; however, their limitations are well recognized. Therefore, new treatments are urgently required to overcome these shortcomings. Recently, stem cell transplantation technology, involving the transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), has drawn the interest of neuroscientists and is considered to be a promising alternative for ischemic stroke treatment. iPSCs are a class of cells produced by introducing specific transcription factors into somatic cells, and are similar to embryonic stem cells in biological function. Here, we have reviewed the current applications of stem cells with a focus on iPSC therapy in ischemic stroke, including the neuroprotective mechanisms, development constraints, major challenges to overcome, and clinical prospects. Based on the current state of research, we believe that stem cells, especially iPSCs, will pave the way for future stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Duan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruya He
- The International Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijun Jing
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhe Gong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaobing Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingting Luan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaopeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanjie Jia
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Barbuti PA, Barker RA, Brundin P, Przedborski S, Papa SM, Kalia LV, Mochizuki H. Recent Advances in the Development of Stem-Cell-Derived Dopaminergic Neuronal Transplant Therapies for Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1772-1780. [PMID: 33963552 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has seen exciting advances in the development of potential stem cell-based therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD), which have used different types of stem cells as starting material. These cells have been developed primarily to replace dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra that are progressively lost in the disease process. The aim is to largely restore lost motor functions, whilst not ever being curative. We discuss cell-based strategies that will have to fulfill important criteria to become effective and competitive therapies for PD. These criteria include reproducibly producing sufficient numbers of cells with an authentic substantia nigra dopamine neuron A9 phenotype, which can integrate into the host brain after transplantation and form synapses (considered crucial for long-term functional benefits). Furthermore, it is essential that transplanted cells exhibit no, or only very low levels of, proliferation without tumor formation at the site of grafting. Cumulative research has shown that stem cell-based approaches continue to have great potential in PD, but key questions remain to be answered. Here, we review the most recent progress in research on stem cell-based dopamine neuron replacement therapy for PD and briefly discuss what the immediate future might hold. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Barbuti
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology and Cell Biology, and Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Roger A Barker
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience and WT-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge and Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Patrik Brundin
- Van Andel Institute, Center for Parkinson's Disease, Department of Neurodegenerative Science, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Serge Przedborski
- Departments of Neurology, Pathology and Cell Biology, and Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stella M Papa
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lorraine V Kalia
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic and the Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hideki Mochizuki
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Callus Formation in Fractured Femur of Rats Treated with Injection of Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium. Vet Med Int 2021; 2021:8410175. [PMID: 33996023 PMCID: PMC8096585 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8410175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) is the extraction from stem cell medium containing biological substances, including growth factors and cytokines. These substances play roles in the various functions of body regulatory, including bone formation. However, the effect of MSC-CM derived from human umbilical cord injection in femur fracture healing of rats has not been reported previously. This study aims to see the effect of MSC-CM derived from human umbilical cord injection on the callus formation of bone fracture healing in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). A femur fracture in 54 Wistar rats was made by surgery according to the procedure under sterile conditions. After the surgery, rats were divided into 2 groups of 27, respectively. Injection in the control (0.1 mL/kg body weight NaCl) and MSC-CM group (0.1 mL/kg body weight MSC-CM) was performed on weeks 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 after surgery. Radiographic images and the femur bone samples were taken and collected on days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 60 after surgery. Bone samples were then fixed in Bouin solution. Histologic preparations were done by the paraffin method, by cutting the tissue blocks into 5 μm thickness and then staining with Mallory aniline blue staining. The results were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The result showed that the soft callus formation occurred rapidly and got wider in the MSC-CM group than that of the control group. The administration of MSC-CM injection postfracture surgery to femur fracture cases in rats was capable to accelerate the callus formation.
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25
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Jalali MS, Saki G, Farbood Y, Azandeh SS, Mansouri E, Ghasemi Dehcheshmeh M, Sarkaki A. Therapeutic effects of Wharton's jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on behaviors, EEG changes and NGF-1 in rat model of the Parkinson's disease. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 113:101921. [PMID: 33600923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human Wharton's jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (hWJ-MSCs) have shown beneficial effects in improving the dopaminergic cells in the Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, the effects of hWJ-MSCs on hyperalgesia, anxiety deficiency and Pallidal local electroencephalogram (EEG) impairment, alone and combined with L-dopa, were examined in a rat model of PD. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: 1) sham, 2) PD, 3) PD + C (Cell therapy), 4) PD + C+D (Drug), and 5) PD + D. PD was induced by injection of 6-OHDA (16 μg/2 μl into medial forebrain bundle (MFB)). PD + C group received hWJ-MSCs (1 × 106 cells, intravenous (i.v.)) twice post PD induction. PD + C+D groups received hWJ-MSCs combined with L-Dopa/Carbidopa, (10/30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)). PD + D group received L-Dopa/Carbidopa alone. Four months later, analgesia, anxiety-like behaviors, were evaluated and Pallidal local EEG was recorded. Level of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was measured in the striatum and dopaminergic neurons were counted in substantia nigra (SNc). According to data, MFB-lesioned rats showed hyperalgesia in tail flick, anxiety-like symptoms in cognitive tests, impairment of electrical power of pallidal local EEG as field potential, count of dopaminergic neurons in SNc and level of IGF-1 in striatum. These complications restored significantly by MSCs treatment (p < 0.001). Our findings confirm that chronic treatment with hWJ-MSC, alone and in combination with L-Dopa, improved nociception and cognitive deficit in PD rats which may be the result of increasing IGF-1 and protect the viability of dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sadat Jalali
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Saki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Farbood
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Azandeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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26
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Monk R, Connor B. Cell Replacement Therapy for Huntington's Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1266:57-69. [PMID: 33105495 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-4370-8_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder which is characterised by a triad of highly debilitating motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms. While cell death occurs in many brain regions, GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum experience preferential and extensive degeneration. Unlike most neurodegenerative disorders, HD is caused by a single genetic mutation resulting in a CAG repeat expansion and the production of a mutant Huntingtin protein (mHTT). Despite identifying the mutation causative of HD in 1993, there are currently no disease-modifying treatments for HD. One potential strategy for the treatment of HD is the development of cell-based therapies. Cell-based therapies aim to restore neuronal circuitry and function by replacing lost neurons, as well as providing neurotropic support to prevent further degeneration. In order to successfully restore basal ganglia functioning in HD, cell-based therapies would need to reconstitute the complex signalling network disrupted by extensive MSN degeneration. This chapter will discuss the potential use of foetal tissue grafts, pluripotent stem cells, neural stem cells, and somatic cell reprogramming to develop cell-based therapies for treating HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Monk
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Brain Research, SMS, FMHS, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bronwen Connor
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Brain Research, SMS, FMHS, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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27
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Katolikova NV, Malashicheva AB, Gainetdinov RR. Cell Replacement Therapy in Parkinson’s Disease—History of Development and Prospects for Use in Clinical Practice. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320060060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Meyfour A, Pahlavan S, Mirzaei M, Krijgsveld J, Baharvand H, Salekdeh GH. The quest of cell surface markers for stem cell therapy. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:469-495. [PMID: 32710154 PMCID: PMC11073434 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03602-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells and their derivatives are novel pharmaceutics that have the potential for use as tissue replacement therapies. However, the heterogeneous characteristics of stem cell cultures have hindered their biomedical applications. In theory and practice, when cell type-specific or stage-specific cell surface proteins are targeted by unique antibodies, they become highly efficient in detecting and isolating specific cell populations. There is a growing demand to identify reliable and actionable cell surface markers that facilitate purification of particular cell types at specific developmental stages for use in research and clinical applications. The identification of these markers as very important members of plasma membrane proteins, ion channels, transporters, and signaling molecules has directly benefited from proteomics and tools for proteomics-derived data analyses. Here, we review the methodologies that have played a role in the discovery of cell surface markers and introduce cutting edge single cell proteomics as an advanced tool. We also discuss currently available specific cell surface markers for stem cells and their lineages, with emphasis on the nervous system, heart, pancreas, and liver. The remaining gaps that pertain to the discovery of these markers and how single cell proteomics and identification of surface markers associated with the progenitor stages of certain terminally differentiated cells may pave the way for their use in regenerative medicine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Meyfour
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Pahlavan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 672, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hossein Baharvand
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Banihashem St, P.O. Box: 16635-148, 1665659911, Tehran, Iran.
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29
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Jalali MS, Sarkaki A, Farbood Y, Azandeh SS, Mansouri E, Ghasemi Dehcheshmeh M, Saki G. Transplanted Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells improve memory and brain hippocampal electrophysiology in rat model of Parkinson’s disease. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 110:101865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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30
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Domingues AV, Pereira IM, Vilaça-Faria H, Salgado AJ, Rodrigues AJ, Teixeira FG. Glial cells in Parkinson´s disease: protective or deleterious? Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:5171-5188. [PMID: 32617639 PMCID: PMC11104819 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glial cells have been identified more than 100 years ago, and are known to play a key role in the central nervous system (CNS) function. A recent piece of evidence is emerging showing that in addition to the capacity of CNS modulation and homeostasis, glial cells are also being looked like as a promising cell source not only to study CNS pathologies initiation and progression but also to the establishment and development of new therapeutic strategies. Thus, in the present review, we will discuss the current evidence regarding glial cells' contribution to neurodegenerative diseases as Parkinson's disease, providing cellular, molecular, functional, and behavioral data supporting its active role in disease initiation, progression, and treatment. As so, considering their functional relevance, glial cells may be important to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms regarding neuronal-glial networks in neurodegeneration/regeneration processes, which may open new research opportunities for their future use as a target or treatment in human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana V Domingues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Inês M Pereira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Helena Vilaça-Faria
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana J Rodrigues
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Fábio G Teixeira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's Associate Lab, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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31
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Zhang J, Li H, Yang H, Lin J, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Gao WQ, Xu H. Human Amniotic Epithelial Cells Alleviate a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease Mainly by Neuroprotective, Anti-Oxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Factors. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2020; 16:620-633. [PMID: 33164162 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-020-09969-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) have been reported to have neuroprotective roles in Parkinson's disease (PD) animal models. However, the molecular mechanism is not fully understood. The present study was designed to explore the possible mechanism by which hAECs ameliorate PD symptoms and the important paracrine factors produced by hAECs that attribute to the recovery of dopaminergic neurons. Thus, we performed in vivo and in vitro experiments with hAECs in PD models or lesioned dopaminergic neurons, respectively. First, hAECs were transplanted into the striatum of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced PD mice and motor deficits were significantly attenuated. Second, the grafts prevented the loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons and promoted the outgrowth of neurites and striatal axon fibers in PD mice. In addition, decreased microglial activation, inflammatory factor levels and MPTP-induced excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were also observed in hAEC-treated PD mice. In vitro, we found that the conditioned medium (CM) from hAECs promoted the survival of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons stimulated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) and induced neurite outgrowth. Next, analysis of hAEC-CM with an antibody array of 507 soluble target proteins revealed that the levels of many neurotrophic factors, growth factors, neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) and anti-inflammatory factors were evidently high. In addition, antibody neutralization experiments showed that many of these factors contributed to the survival and growth of dopaminergic neurons and neurite outgrowth. More importantly, we found that the anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) also augmented the survival of dopaminergic neurons, demonstrating for the first time an anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory role of hAECs in PD mice, which represents a novel molecular mechanism of hAECs in the treatment of PD. The molecular mechanism of hAECs recovering lesioned dopaminergic neurons and attenuating PD symptoms. First, hAECs secret many neurotrophic factors, growth factors, and neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) which promote the growth of the damaged dopaminergic neurons and their neurites. Second, hAECs produce many anti-inflammatory factors and other factors contributing to reducing the activation of microglia and suppressing the neuroinflammation. Third, hAECs reduce the excessive ROS levels by upregulating some anti-oxidative signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaofei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, 200127, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, 200127, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xian Jiao Tong University, Xian, 710054, China
| | - Jianhua Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - You Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Qianjun Zhang
- Institute of Reproduction and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, 200127, Shanghai, China.
- Med-X Research Institute and School of Biological Medical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1594 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Huiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, 200127, Shanghai, China.
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32
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Jang SE, Qiu L, Chan LL, Tan EK, Zeng L. Current Status of Stem Cell-Derived Therapies for Parkinson's Disease: From Cell Assessment and Imaging Modalities to Clinical Trials. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:558532. [PMID: 33177975 PMCID: PMC7596695 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.558532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Curative therapies or treatments reversing the progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD) have attracted considerable interest in the last few decades. PD is characterized by the gradual loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons and decreased striatal dopamine levels. Current challenges include optimizing neuroprotective strategies, developing personalized drug therapy, and minimizing side effects from the long-term prescription of pharmacological drugs used to relieve short-term motor symptoms. Transplantation of DA cells into PD patients’ brains to replace degenerated DA has the potential to change the treatment paradigm. Herein, we provide updates on current progress in stem cell-derived DA neuron transplantation as a therapeutic alternative for PD. We briefly highlight cell sources for transplantation and focus on cell assessment methods such as identification of genetic markers, single-cell sequencing, and imaging modalities used to access cell survival and function. More importantly, we summarize clinical reports of patients who have undergone cell-derived transplantation in PD to better perceive lessons that can be drawn from past and present clinical outcomes. Modifying factors include (1) source of the stem cells, (2) quality of the stem cells, (3) age of the patient, (4) stage of disease progression at the time of cell therapy, (5) surgical technique/practices, and (6) the use of immunosuppression. We await the outcomes of joint efforts in clinical trials around the world such as NYSTEM and CiRA to further guide us in the selection of the most suitable parameters for cell-based neurotransplantation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Eun Jang
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lifeng Qiu
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ling Ling Chan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke University and National University of Singapore (DUKE-NUS), Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng-King Tan
- Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke University and National University of Singapore (DUKE-NUS), Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore General Hospital Campus, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Zeng
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Research Department, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke University and National University of Singapore (DUKE-NUS), Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Novena Campus, Singapore, Singapore
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33
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Chen Y, Kunath T, Simpson J, Homer N, Sylantyev S. Synaptic signalling in a network of dopamine neurons: what prevents proper intercellular crosstalk? FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3272-3292. [PMID: 33073864 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons stand out as a cell source for transplantation with their sustainability and consistency superior to the formerly used fetal tissues. However, multiple studies of DA neurons in culture failed to register action potential (AP) generation upon synaptic input. To test whether this is due to deficiency of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) coagonists released from astroglia, we studied the functional properties of neural receptors in hESC-derived DA neuronal cultures. We find that, apart from an insufficient amount of coagonists, lack of interneuronal crosstalk is caused by hypofunction of synaptic NMDARs due to their direct inhibition by synaptically released DA. This inhibitory tone is independent of DA receptors and affects the NMDAR coagonist binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixi Chen
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,UK Centre for Mammalian Synthetic Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Tilo Kunath
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Institute for Stem Cell Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,UK Centre for Mammalian Synthetic Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna Simpson
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Natalie Homer
- Mass Spectrometry Core, Edinburgh Clinical Research Facility, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Takahashi J. iPS cell-based therapy for Parkinson's disease: A Kyoto trial. Regen Ther 2020; 13:18-22. [PMID: 33490319 PMCID: PMC7794047 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Following intensive efforts since their discovery little more than 10 years ago, cell replacement therapy using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is now becoming reality. However, there remain several obstacles in the translation of basic research to clinical application, obstacles known as the “Valley of Death”. With regards to regenerative medicine using iPS cells for Parkinson's disease, we have developed a method for the 1) efficient induction of dopaminergic neurons from human iPS cells and 2) sorting dopaminergic progenitor cells using a floor plate marker, CORIN. The grafted CORIN+ cells survived well and functioned as midbrain dopaminergic neurons in the Parkinson's disease model rats and monkeys, and showed minimal risk of tumor formation. Based on these results, we performed a pre-clinical study using a clinical-grade iPS cell line and finally started a clinical trial to treat Parkinson's disease patients in August 2018. Here, I discuss the key issues to crossing the Valley of Death: scientific rationale, pre-clinical study, and clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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35
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Kim TW, Koo SY, Studer L. Pluripotent Stem Cell Therapies for Parkinson Disease: Present Challenges and Future Opportunities. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:729. [PMID: 32903681 PMCID: PMC7438741 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), there are currently no effective therapies to prevent or slow down disease progression. Cell replacement therapy using human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived dopamine neurons holds considerable promise. It presents a novel, regenerative strategy, building on the extensive history of fetal tissue grafts and capturing the potential of hPSCs to serve as a scalable and standardized cell source. Progress in establishing protocols for the direct differentiation to midbrain dopamine (mDA) neurons from hPSC have catalyzed the development of cell-based therapies for PD. Consequently, several groups have derived clinical-grade mDA neuron precursors under clinical good manufacture practice condition, which are progressing toward clinical testing in PD patients. Here we will review the current status of the field, discuss the remaining key challenges, and highlight future areas for further improvements of hPSC-based technologies in the clinical translation to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Wan Kim
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States
| | - So Yeon Koo
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Neuroscience Graduate Program of Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Lorenz Studer
- The Center for Stem Cell Biology, Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States.,Developmental Biology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, New York, NY, United States
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36
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Bacon K, Lavoie A, Rao BM, Daniele M, Menegatti S. Past, Present, and Future of Affinity-based Cell Separation Technologies. Acta Biomater 2020; 112:29-51. [PMID: 32442784 PMCID: PMC10364325 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progress in cell purification technology is critical to increase the availability of viable cells for therapeutic, diagnostic, and research applications. A variety of techniques are now available for cell separation, ranging from non-affinity methods such as density gradient centrifugation, dielectrophoresis, and filtration, to affinity methods such as chromatography, two-phase partitioning, and magnetic-/fluorescence-assisted cell sorting. For clinical and analytical procedures that require highly purified cells, the choice of cell purification method is crucial, since every method offers a different balance between yield, purity, and bioactivity of the cell product. For most applications, the requisite purity is only achievable through affinity methods, owing to the high target specificity that they grant. In this review, we discuss past and current methods for developing cell-targeting affinity ligands and their application in cell purification, along with the benefits and challenges associated with different purification formats. We further present new technologies, like stimuli-responsive ligands and parallelized microfluidic devices, towards improving the viability and throughput of cell products for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Our comparative analysis provides guidance in the multifarious landscape of cell separation techniques and highlights new technologies that are poised to play a key role in the future of cell purification in clinical settings and the biotech industry. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Technologies for cell purification have served science, medicine, and industrial biotechnology and biomanufacturing for decades. This review presents a comprehensive survey of this field by highlighting the scope and relevance of all known methods for cell isolation, old and new alike. The first section covers the main classes of target cells and compares traditional non-affinity and affinity-based purification techniques, focusing on established ligands and chromatographic formats. The second section presents an excursus of affinity-based pseudo-chromatographic and non-chromatographic technologies, especially focusing on magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Finally, the third section presents an overview of new technologies and emerging trends, highlighting how the progress in chemical, material, and microfluidic sciences has opened new exciting avenues towards high-throughput and high-purity cell isolation processes. This review is designed to guide scientists and engineers in their choice of suitable cell purification techniques for research or bioprocessing needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn Bacon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Ashton Lavoie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
| | - Balaji M Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7928, USA
| | - Michael Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University - University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
| | - Stefano Menegatti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA; Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center (BTEC), North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7928, USA.
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37
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Cardoso T, Lévesque M. Toward Generating Subtype-Specific Mesencephalic Dopaminergic Neurons in vitro. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:443. [PMID: 32626706 PMCID: PMC7311634 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesencephalic dopaminergic (mDA) neurons derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) have proven to be pivotal for disease modeling studies and as a source of transplantable tissue for regenerative therapies in Parkinson's disease (PD). Current differentiation protocols can generate standardized and reproducible cell products of dopaminergic neurons that elicit the characteristic transcriptional profile of ventral midbrain. Nonetheless, dopamine neurons residing in the mesencephalon comprise distinct groups of cells within diffusely defined anatomical boundaries and with distinct functional, electrophysiological, and molecular properties. Here we review recent single cell sequencing studies that are shedding light on the neuronal heterogeneity within the mesencephalon and discuss how resolving the complex molecular profile of distinct sub-populations within this region could help refine patterning and quality control assessment of PSC-derived mDA neurons to subtype-specificity in vitro. In turn, such advances would have important impact in improving cell replacement therapy, disease mechanistic studies and drug screening in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Cardoso
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Lévesque
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.,CERVO Brain Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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38
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Thompson C, Otero P, Srinageshwar B, Petersen RB, Dunbar GL, Rossignol J. Possible roles of epigenetics in stem cell therapy for Parkinson's disease. Epigenomics 2020; 12:647-656. [PMID: 32396465 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease with loss of dopaminergic neurons. PD has genetic and epigenetic influences that determine specific changes in the brain. Epigenetic changes result in defective methylation of genes leading to differential gene-expression causing PD. This review provides an overview of stem cell transplantations as potential therapies for PD, with a focus on the epigenetic changes, prior or following transplantation. To date, no reports have addressed epigenetic alterations following stem cell transplantation into the PD brain. Given the potential for affecting the efficacy of stem cell therapy, increased attention needs to be given to the epigenetic processes that occur during stem cell culture and transplantation to maximize the therapeutic potential of stem cells to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Thompson
- Field Neurosciences Institute laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Paulina Otero
- Field Neurosciences Institute laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Bhairavi Srinageshwar
- Field Neurosciences Institute laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.,College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Robert B Petersen
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Gary L Dunbar
- Field Neurosciences Institute laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.,College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.,Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.,Field Neurosciences Institute, St. Mary's of Michigan, Saginaw, MI 48604, USA
| | - Julien Rossignol
- Field Neurosciences Institute laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA.,College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
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39
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Korshunova I, Rhein S, García-González D, Stölting I, Pfisterer U, Barta A, Dmytriyeva O, Kirkeby A, Schwaninger M, Khodosevich K. Genetic modification increases the survival and the neuroregenerative properties of transplanted neural stem cells. JCI Insight 2020; 5:126268. [PMID: 31999645 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.126268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy raises hopes high for better treatment of brain disorders. However, the majority of transplanted cells often die soon after transplantation, and those that survive initially continue to die in the subacute phase, diminishing the impact of transplantations. In this study, we genetically modified transplanted human neural stem cells (hNSCs), from 2 distant embryonic stem cell lines (H9 and RC17), to express 1 of 4 prosurvival factors - Hif1a, Akt1, Bcl-2, or Bcl-xl - and studied how these modifications improve short- and long-term survival of transplanted hNSCs. All genetic modifications dramatically increased survival of the transplanted hNSCs. Importantly, 3 out of 4 modifications also enhanced the exit of hNSCs from the cell cycle, thus avoiding aberrant growth of the transplants. Bcl-xl expression provided the strongest protection of transplanted cells, reducing both immediate and delayed cell death, and stimulated hNSC differentiation toward neuronal and oligodendroglial lineages. By designing hNSCs with drug-controlled expression of Bcl-xl, we demonstrated that short-term expression of a prosurvival factor can ensure the long-term survival of transplanted cells. Importantly, transplantation of Bcl-xl-expressing hNSCs into mice suffering from stroke improved behavioral outcome and recovery of motor activity in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Korshunova
- Biotech Research & Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sina Rhein
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | | | - Ines Stölting
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ulrich Pfisterer
- Biotech Research & Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Barta
- Biotech Research & Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Oksana Dmytriyeva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, and
| | - Agnete Kirkeby
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Experimental Medical Science and Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Markus Schwaninger
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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40
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Harris JP, Burrell JC, Struzyna LA, Chen HI, Serruya MD, Wolf JA, Duda JE, Cullen DK. Emerging regenerative medicine and tissue engineering strategies for Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2020; 6:4. [PMID: 31934611 PMCID: PMC6949278 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-019-0105-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common progressive neurodegenerative disease, affecting 1-2% of people over 65. The classic motor symptoms of PD result from selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), resulting in a loss of their long axonal projections to the striatum. Current treatment strategies such as dopamine replacement and deep brain stimulation (DBS) can only minimize the symptoms of nigrostriatal degeneration, not directly replace the lost pathway. Regenerative medicine-based solutions are being aggressively pursued with the goal of restoring dopamine levels in the striatum, with several emerging techniques attempting to reconstruct the entire nigrostriatal pathway-a key goal to recreate feedback pathways to ensure proper dopamine regulation. Although many pharmacological, genetic, and optogenetic treatments are being developed, this article focuses on the evolution of transplant therapies for the treatment of PD, including fetal grafts, cell-based implants, and more recent tissue-engineered constructs. Attention is given to cell/tissue sources, efficacy to date, and future challenges that must be overcome to enable robust translation into clinical use. Emerging regenerative medicine therapies are being developed using neurons derived from autologous stem cells, enabling the construction of patient-specific constructs tailored to their particular extent of degeneration. In the upcoming era of restorative neurosurgery, such constructs may directly replace SNpc neurons, restore axon-based dopaminergic inputs to the striatum, and ameliorate motor deficits. These solutions may provide a transformative and scalable solution to permanently replace lost neuroanatomy and improve the lives of millions of people afflicted by PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. Harris
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Justin C. Burrell
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Laura A. Struzyna
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - H. Isaac Chen
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Mijail D. Serruya
- Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - John A. Wolf
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - John E. Duda
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Parkinson’s Disease Research, Education, and Clinical Center (PADRECC), Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - D. Kacy Cullen
- Center for Brain Injury & Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration & Restoration, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
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41
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Kopach O. Monitoring maturation of neural stem cell grafts within a host microenvironment. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11:982-989. [PMID: 31768224 PMCID: PMC6851006 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i11.982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSC) act as a versatile tool for neuronal cell replacement strategies to treat neurodegenerative disorders in which functional neurorestorative mechanisms are limited. While the beneficial effects of such cell-based therapy have already been documented in terms of neurodegeneration of various origins, a neurophysiological basis for improvement in the recovery of neurological function is still not completely understood. This overview briefly describes the cumulative evidence from electrophysiological studies of NSC-derived neurons, aimed at establishing the maturation of differentiated neurons within a host microenvironment, and their integration into the host circuits, with a particular focus on the neurogenesis of NSC grafts within the post-ischemic milieu. Overwhelming evidence demonstrates that the host microenvironment largely regulates the lineage of NSC grafts. This regulatory role, as yet underestimated, raises possibilities for the favoured maturation of a subset of neural phenotypes in order to gain timely remodelling of the impaired brain tissue and amplify the therapeutic effects of NSC-based therapy for recovery of neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kopach
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1 N3BG, United Kingdom.
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42
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Gordeeva O. TGFβ Family Signaling Pathways in Pluripotent and Teratocarcinoma Stem Cells' Fate Decisions: Balancing Between Self-Renewal, Differentiation, and Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121500. [PMID: 31771212 PMCID: PMC6953027 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) family factors induce pleiotropic effects and are involved in the regulation of most normal and pathological cellular processes. The activity of different branches of the TGFβ family signaling pathways and their interplay with other signaling pathways govern the fine regulation of the self-renewal, differentiation onset and specialization of pluripotent stem cells in various cell derivatives. TGFβ family signaling pathways play a pivotal role in balancing basic cellular processes in pluripotent stem cells and their derivatives, although disturbances in their genome integrity induce the rearrangements of signaling pathways and lead to functional impairments and malignant transformation into cancer stem cells. Therefore, the identification of critical nodes and targets in the regulatory cascades of TGFβ family factors and other signaling pathways, and analysis of the rearrangements of the signal regulatory network during stem cell state transitions and interconversions, are key issues for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of both stem cell biology and cancer initiation and progression, as well as for clinical applications. This review summarizes recent advances in our understanding of TGFβ family functions in naїve and primed pluripotent stem cells and discusses how these pathways are involved in perturbations in the signaling network of malignant teratocarcinoma stem cells with impaired differentiation potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gordeeva
- Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov str., 119334 Moscow, Russia
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The Effect of Sertoli Cells on Xenotransplantation and Allotransplantation of Ventral Mesencephalic Tissue in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8111420. [PMID: 31718058 PMCID: PMC6912403 DOI: 10.3390/cells8111420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-striatal transplantation of fetal ventral mesencephalic (VM) tissue has a therapeutic effect on patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Sertoli cells (SCs) possess immune-modulatory properties that benefit transplantation. We hypothesized that co-graft of SCs with VM tissue can attenuate rejection. Hemi-parkinsonian rats were generated by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into the right medial forebrain bundle of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The rats were then intrastriatally transplanted with VM tissue from rats or pigs (rVM or pVM), with/without a co-graft of SCs (rVM+SCs or pVM+SCs). Recovery of dopaminergic function and survival of the grafts were evaluated using the apomorphine-induced rotation test and small animal-positron emission tomography (PET) coupled with [18F] DOPA or [18F] FE-PE2I, respectively. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) examination was used to determine the survival of the grafted dopaminergic neurons in the striatum and to investigate immune-modulatory effects of SCs. The results showed that the rVM+SCs and pVM+SCs groups had significantly improved drug-induced rotational behavior compared with the VM alone groups. PET revealed a significant increase in specific uptake ratios (SURs) of [18F] DOPA and [18F] FE-PE2I in the grafted striatum of the rVM+SCs and pVM+SCs groups as compared to that of the rVM and pVM groups. SC and VM tissue co-graft led to better dopaminergic (DA) cell survival. The co-grafted groups exhibited lower populations of T-cells and activated microglia compared to the groups without SCs. Our results suggest that co-graft of SCs benefit both xeno- and allo-transplantation of VM tissue in a PD rat model. Use of SCs enhanced the survival of the grafted dopaminergic neurons and improved functional recovery. The enhancement may in part be attributable to the immune-modulatory properties of SCs. In addition, [18F]DOPA and [18F]FE-PE2I coupled with PET may provide a feasible method for in vivo evaluation of the functional integrity of the grafted DA cell in parkinsonian rats.
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44
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Yang C, Wang X, Tang X, Wang R, Bao X. Stem-Cell Research of Parkinson Disease: Bibliometric Analysis of Research Productivity from 1999 to 2018. World Neurosurg 2019; 134:e405-e411. [PMID: 31655231 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.10.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the overall publication trends in Parkinson disease (PD) and characteristics of top-cited articles have been reported, there was only 1 literature analysis published in 2012 with a special focus on stem cells. It is necessary to evaluate and update the global publication trends in stem cell research of PD. METHODS We identified the publications designated as "article" about stem-cell research of PD between 1999 and 2018 in the Web of Science Core Collection. We used HistCite to analyze annual outputs, journals, countries/regions, and institutions every 5 years and visualized global collaborations between publications by VOSviewer. Moreover, to track the growing hotspots, MeSH terms of each publication were obtained by Medical Text Indexer according to the title and abstract. RESULTS We described the publication trends and topic hotspots of stem-cell research of PD by bibliometric analysis of 1709 papers. Researchers showed growing interest in publishing relevant scientific literature in journals associated with stem cells or multidisciplinary science. Stem cell research of PD was more common in developed countries and regions. The United States of America was the most contributive country throughout, accounting for 33% of total publications and ranking first in all 5-year periods. Harvard University was the most productive institution in this area, ranking first during 1999-2003, 2004-2008, and 2009-2013. The application of induced pluripotent stem cells was at the forefront of cell therapies for PD. CONCLUSIONS These bibliometric findings suggest that stem cell research consistently promotes the understanding and treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxian Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Institute of Medical Information and Library, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Tang
- Institute of Medical Information and Library, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Renzhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjie Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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45
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Watanabe TK. A Review of Stem Cell Therapy for Acquired Brain Injuries and Neurodegenerative Central Nervous System Diseases. PM R 2019; 10:S151-S156. [PMID: 30269801 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell-based therapies have been the subject of much discussion regarding their potential role in enhancing central nervous system function for a number of pathologic conditions. Much of the current research has been in preclinical trials, with clinical trials in the phase I or I/II stage. Nevertheless, there is considerable interest in the public about the potential regenerative role that stem cells may have in improving function for these neurologic conditions. This review will describe the different types of stem cells that are available, review their possible effects, and discuss some of the variables that investigators need to consider when designing their studies. Current clinical research in the areas of stroke, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson disease) will be reviewed. As this article is aimed at a rehabilitation audience, outcome measures, and the role of concurrent rehabilitation therapies will also be mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K Watanabe
- MossRehab at Elkins Park / Einstein Healthcare Network, 60 Township Line Road, Elkins Park, PA 19027(∗).
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46
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Menon V, Thomas R, Elgueta C, Horl M, Osborn T, Hallett PJ, Bartos M, Isacson O, Pruszak J. Comprehensive Cell Surface Antigen Analysis Identifies Transferrin Receptor Protein-1 (CD71) as a Negative Selection Marker for Human Neuronal Cells. Stem Cells 2019; 37:1293-1306. [PMID: 31381839 PMCID: PMC6851846 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell state‐, developmental stage‐, and lineage‐specific combinatorial expression of cluster of differentiation (CD) molecules enables the identification of cellular subsets via multicolor flow cytometry. We describe an exhaustive characterization of neural cell types by surface antigens, exploiting human pluripotent stem cell‐derived neural cell systems. Using multiwell screening approaches followed by detailed validation of expression patterns and dynamics, we exemplify a strategy for resolving cellular heterogeneity in stem cell paradigms. In addition to providing a catalog of surface antigens expressed in the neural lineage, we identified the transferrin receptor‐1 (CD71) to be differentially expressed in neural stem cells and differentiated neurons. In this context, we describe a role for N‐Myc proto‐oncogene (MYCN) in maintaining CD71 expression in proliferating neural cells. We report that in vitro human stem cell‐derived neurons lack CD71 surface expression and that the observed differential expression can be used to identify and enrich CD71− neuronal derivatives from heterogeneous cultures. stem cells2019;37:1293–1306
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Menon
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM) and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg iPS Core (FiPS), Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ria Thomas
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM) and Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Neuroregeneration Laboratories, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Claudio Elgueta
- Institute for Physiology I, Cellular and Systemic Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Horl
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Teresia Osborn
- Neuroregeneration Laboratories, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Penny J Hallett
- Neuroregeneration Laboratories, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marlene Bartos
- Institute for Physiology I, Cellular and Systemic Neurophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ole Isacson
- Neuroregeneration Laboratories, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jan Pruszak
- Department of Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Freiburg iPS Core (FiPS), Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Gene Therapy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Biological Signaling Studies (BIOSS), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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47
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Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are defined by three necessary but not sufficient criteria: (1) self-renewable, (2) ability to generate a large number of progeny, and (3) ability to differentiate into the principal central nervous system (CNS) cell types, neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. There are various approaches to derive neural lineages from pluripotent stem cells. It is well recognized that the chosen method of NSC derivation is critical to answering the basic biology question under investigation, to the success rate in drug discovery and to the efficacy of the therapeutic cells intended for repairing the CNS. There are three critical attributes of NSCs: (1) well-defined and stable cellular composition, (2) consistent process of perpetuation that avoids drift in composition, and (3) stable phenotype or therapeutic activity of the NSCs or their differentiated progeny. Over the past decades, we have been continuously developing consistent processes for generating stable, multipotent self-renewable NSCs from various sources. In this chapter, we report a method to generate NSCs from induced pluripotent stem cells.
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48
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Rhee YH, Puspita L, Sulistio YA, Kim SW, Vidyawan V, Elvira R, Chang MY, Shim JW, Lee SH. Efficient Neural Differentiation of hPSCs by Extrinsic Signals Derived from Co-cultured Neural Stem or Precursor Cells. Mol Ther 2019; 27:1299-1312. [PMID: 31043343 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we found that undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs; up to 30% of total cells) present in the cultures of neural stem or precursor cells (NPCs) completely disappeared within several days when cultured under neural differentiation culture conditions. Intriguingly, the disappearance of undifferentiated cells was not due to cell death but was instead mediated by neural conversion of hPSCs. Based on these findings, we propose pre-conditioning of donor NPC cultures under terminal differentiation culture conditions as a simple but efficient method of eliminating undifferentiated cells to treat neurologic disorders. In addition, we could establish a new neural differentiation protocol, in which undifferentiated hPSCs co-cultured with NPCs become differentiated neurons or NPCs in an extremely efficient, fast, and reproducible manner across the hESC and human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Hee Rhee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Lesly Puspita
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
| | - Yanuar Alan Sulistio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Seung Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Vincencius Vidyawan
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
| | - Rosalie Elvira
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea
| | - Mi-Yoon Chang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Jae-Won Shim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 31151, Korea.
| | - Sang-Hun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea; Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
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49
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Amini N, Vousooghi N, Alizade A, Ramezani S, Joghataei MT, Milan PB, Mehrabi S, Ababzadeh S, Sefat F, Mozafari M. Transplantation of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells into Brain Through Cerebrospinal Fluid in Rat Models: Protocol Development and Initial Outcome Data. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14:191-195. [DOI: 10.2174/1574888x13666180720112322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cell therapy is an important strategy for the treatment of incurable diseases
including those that occur in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Among different strategies, the
method of delivering or transplantation of cells into the brain has shown significant effects on regeneration.
In this study, a new protocol has been developed for the transplantation of adipose tissuederived
stem cells into the brain through Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) in rat models.
Methods:
For this purpose, a wide range of ages (7-30 days old) of male neonates of Wistar rats was
used. Moreover, human adipose tissue was obtained from a superficial layer of abdomen through liposuction
surgery. The size of the inserted part of needle to access middle cranial fossa and subarachnoid
space in animals with an average weight of 10-80 g was determined. In addition, to confirm the entrance
of needle into the subarachnoid space, CSF was aspirated slowly and then injection was done
within two minutes.
Results:
The findings showed the presence of transplanted human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
(hADSC) in the cerebellum and basal ganglia following three days and also after two months that confirmed
the entrance of transplanted cells into the cerebrospinal fluid and migration of them into the
brain tissue. All the animals survived after the transplantation process, with the lowest side effects
compared to the available conventional methods.
Conclusion:
It can be concluded that the cells could be efficiently transplanted into CSF through subarachnoid
space by injection via superior orbital fissure with a minimally invasive technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naser Amini
- Cellular and Molecular Research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Vousooghi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Alizade
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sara Ramezani
- Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad T. Joghataei
- Cellular and Molecular Research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peiman Brouki Milan
- Cellular and Molecular Research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soraya Mehrabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Farshid Sefat
- Biomedical Engineering and Electronics Department, School of Engineering and informatics, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom
| | - Masoud Mozafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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50
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Lucas-Ruiz F, Galindo-Romero C, García-Bernal D, Norte-Muñoz M, Rodríguez-Ramírez KT, Salinas-Navarro M, Millán-Rivero JE, Vidal-Sanz M, Agudo-Barriuso M. Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for damaged retinal ganglion cells, is gold all that glitters? Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:1851-1857. [PMID: 31290434 PMCID: PMC6676874 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.259601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells are an excellent source of stem cells because they are isolated from adult tissues or perinatal derivatives, avoiding the ethical concerns that encumber embryonic stem cells. In preclinical models, it has been shown that mesenchymal stromal cells have neuroprotective and immunomodulatory properties, both of which are ideal for central nervous system treatment and repair. Here we will review the current literature on mesenchymal stromal cells, focusing on bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells, adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and mesenchymal stromal cells from the umbilical cord stroma, i.e., Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stromal cells. Finally, we will discuss the use of these cells to alleviate retinal ganglion cell degeneration following axonal trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Lucas-Ruiz
- Grupo de Oftalmología Experimental, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca); Department of Talmología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Caridad Galindo-Romero
- Grupo de Oftalmología Experimental, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca); Department of Talmología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - David García-Bernal
- Unidad de Terapia Celular y Trasplante Hematopoyético, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca); Department of Medicina Interna, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Norte-Muñoz
- Grupo de Oftalmología Experimental, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca); Department of Talmología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Kristy T Rodríguez-Ramírez
- Grupo de Oftalmología Experimental, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca); Department of Talmología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Salinas-Navarro
- Grupo de Oftalmología Experimental, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca); Department of Talmología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose E Millán-Rivero
- Unidad de Terapia Celular y Trasplante Hematopoyético, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca); Department of Medicina Interna, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Manuel Vidal-Sanz
- Grupo de Oftalmología Experimental, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca); Department of Talmología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Agudo-Barriuso
- Grupo de Oftalmología Experimental, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria Virgen de la Arrixaca (IMIB-Arrixaca); Department of Talmología, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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